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765:, the film uses actual photographs and live-action stock footage as backgrounds for much of the film. Bakshi and Vita were also experimental in their photography: Bakshi requested that the lab technicians produce several prints for every photo, each print increasingly out of focus, giving the backgrounds a fuzzy quality. Bakshi states that "We didn't want to risk shooting on the spot. That could have meant making some expensive mistakes."
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645:. Arkoff threatened to pull the film's budget unless Krantz rehired Bakshi, who returned a week later. During the film's production, Krantz attempted to maintain some level of control by issuing memos to Bakshi and other artists requesting various changes. John Sparey remembers being issued a memo asking Sparey to stop posting caricatures of Krantz on the middle of his door.
442:, flirting with a sleazy businessman and bringing him to a hotel room, where Michael beats him to death with a lead pipe so they can rob him. As the two walk out with the dead man's cash, Shorty arrives and shoots Michael in the head. In Michael's reality, following the conclusion of the animated story, he destroys a pinball machine in anger after it
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to be altered, by how many times this close-up drawing was used. It got used a lot! At one point the original version "A" of
Maybellene existed. Ralph had a print of it, but I have not seen it since I worked on it. We did versions "A," B", and "C", with "C" being the tamest and that is what got into the so-called "X" version of
427:, in order to avoid Shorty, who's been stalking Carole since she quit the bar. Michael gets a chance to pitch a comic strip idea to an old executive lying on his death bed, who seems enthusiastic enough to listen to the idea, but the abnormally dark tone of Michael's story is too much for the mogul and he dies during the pitch.
104:
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I covered this scene with another one of the key changing into the fat black guy, and the ignition slot turning into
Maybellene. I covered a lot more cartoony foreplay scenes with a simple close-up of the fat black man's face with his hand covering his eyes. You can get a sense of how many scenes had
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According to animator Mark
Kausler, Krantz was so nervous about showing too much nudity and sexual activities that he had several versions of some sequences animated, for instance, in the "Maybellene" animation sequence. Kausler says that a sequence was animated in which the viewer sees "the key in
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Warner Home Video released the film on VHS and
Betamax in the 1980s,but in the uk heavy traffic was released in 1984 but in Irish it was called flipper city was on thorn emi in 1985 but with uk and Irish the uk was 70mins but the Irish is 60 mins. It was rated R on the VHS slipcover, but the label
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Meanwhile, Angie tries to use his Mafia connections to put a murder contract out on his son for dating a black woman, but the
Godfather refuses to do this, and Angie realizes he is out of favor with the mob. Drunk and depressed, he is seduced by Snowflake. However, Shorty eventually meets up with
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Shorty offers to let Carole stay at his place, but not wanting to get involved with him, Carole tells Shorty that she's staying with
Michael. Meanwhile, Angie manages a strike at a mob-controlled factory, but when he reveals his plan to replace the strikers with unemployed black workers, the
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and walks out onto the street. He bumps into Carole and follows her into a park, confronting her. The two are seen briefly arguing before they finally take each other's hands and begin happily dancing in the park, as the film cuts back to
Michael playing a new game of pinball.
637:. Bakshi told Krantz: "I can't talk about that" and hung up. The next day, Krantz locked Bakshi out of the studio, reportedly tapping Bakshi's phone because he was wary of his loyalty as an employee. After Krantz fired Bakshi, he began to seek a replacement director for
377:, who plays pinball in New York City while asking himself philosophical questions before envisioning an animated and dangerous New York neighborhood. Michael's Italian father, Angelo "Angie" Corleone, is a struggling mafioso who frequently cheats on Michael's
1972:
580:, Bakshi asked Krantz outright when he would be paid, and Krantz responded that "The picture didn't make any money, Ralph. It's just a lot of noise." Bakshi found Krantz's claims to be dubious, as the producer had recently purchased a new
958:, merely debased a cherished original, can now judge Bakshi's development of his own material. I think that development is as brilliant as anything in recent movies — as brilliant and, in its own improbable way, as lovely and as sad.'
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abandons him in disapproval. Michael allows Carole to stay with him, but the
Corleones' deteriorating domestic situation convinces Michael and Carole to move out of Michael's parents' house and try to earn enough money to move to
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wrote that the film contained 'black humor, powerful grotesquerie and peculiar raw beauty. Episodes of violence and sexuality are both explicit and parodies of flesh-and-blood porn ... a celebration of urban decay'.
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called it "shocking, outrageous, offensive, sometimes incoherent, occasionally unintelligent; however, it is also an authentic work of movie art and Bakshi is certainly the most creative
American animator since
1979:
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gave the film three stars out of four, and wrote that 'by mixing live-action and animation, Bakshi generates a willingness in us to be moved in some 'aw, shucks' ways that are corny, but feel good'.
414:, but the drunk causes property damage. Shorty throws Bongo out and brutally kills him soon after, while the bar's white manager abusively confronts Carole over this, provoking her into quitting.
801:. Another scene I can recall doing multiple versions of was the guy in the racing cap, pissing on the fat black guy's ass. This was completely eliminated, causing a jump in the action.
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as 'not merely provocative, but highly ambitious'. He described the films as an effort 'to push beyond what was done in the old cartoons, even while building on their strengths'.
1988:
1003:, was negative, calling the film 'ostentatiously ugly' with 'nothing pleasurable or liberating in style of mockery'. The film holds a score of 89% on the review aggregator
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was used as a background in one of the film's sequences. Several animation sequences appear as rough sketchbook pages, including a dream sequence influenced by the work of
754:?' Ralph couldn't believe it. We ad-libbed a lot, and he usually got what he wanted in three or four takes. We worked hard and not for much coin, but it was a blast."
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600:, asking them how much they made on their films. Bakshi soon accused Krantz of ripping him off, which the producer denied. Bakshi began pitching his next project,
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and often wanders throughout the city to avoid family skirmishes and to artistically feed off the grubbiness of his environment. He regularly hangs out at a local
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allowed Bakshi to produce the film he had always intended to produce, and to focus on human characters rather than anthropomorphic animals. Bakshi pitched
761:, Bakshi and Johnnie Vita took location photographs for the film's backgrounds. Instead of tracing the photographs onto backgrounds, as they had done in
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687:" is used as a recurring musical motif, first heard in the film's opening credits and later reappearing during the end of the film as performed by
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527:. However, Bakshi was uninterested in the kind of animation he was producing, and wanted to produce something personal. Bakshi soon developed
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in 1973. The album was released on compact disc in 1996 as part of a compilation that featured on the same disc the soundtracks to both
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to have two financially successful films back-to-back. The film was banned by the film censorship board in the
Canadian province of
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began a tradition in which Bakshi would write poems before beginning production on each of his films, starting with
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The couple constantly bicker and try to kill each other at every opportunity. The unemployed Michael dabbles in
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365:. The film received largely positive reviews and is widely considered to be Bakshi's biggest critical success.
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during the recording sessions. According to James Bates, the voice of Snowflake, "I said, 'How about a little
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Because Bakshi wanted the voices to sound organic, he experimented with improvisation, allowing his actors to
588:. Because Bakshi did not have a lawyer, he sought advice from directors he had become friends with, including
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Michael and Carole turn to crime as a means of getting by, with Carole taking the role of pretending to be a
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named Bongo after he discovers that Snowflake has male genitals. Snowflake loves the beating due to her
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In 1969, Ralph's Spot was founded as a division of Bakshi Productions to produce commercials for
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returned to write and perform the film's score, as they had done for Bakshi's previous feature,
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691:. Bogas also created several other arrangements of the song that appear throughout the film. A
324:. The film, which begins, ends, and occasionally combines with live-action, explores the often
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was a box office success. Ralph Bakshi was the first person in the animation industry since
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Serious Business: The Art and Commerce of Animation in America from Betty Boop to Toy Story
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Production began in 1972. However, Steve Krantz had not yet paid Bakshi for his work on
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891:. The film also featured songs by SĂ©rgio Mendes and Brasil '66, The Isley Brothers,
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that the film was 'a further leaping step forward for American animation; at that,
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is, in its furious energy, uncomfortable to watch as often as it is hilarious'.
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Angie and agrees to fulfill the contract. Meanwhile, Carole tries to work as a
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said that it was an X-rated film. An R-rated version was released on VHS and
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because of its content and Bakshi's lack of film experience. Bakshi directed
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The film begins in live-action, introducing Michael Corleone, a 22-year-old
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Forbidden Animation: Censored Cartoons and Blacklisted Animators in America
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This article is about the Ralph Bakshi film. For the Status Quo album, see
357:. Though producer Krantz made varied attempts to produce an R-rated film,
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Champlin, Charles (August 9, 1973). "Animation Moves 'Heavy Traffic'".
954:, wrote in his 1973 review: 'People who felt that his earlier feature,
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1299:. Universe Publishing. pp. 84–85, 87, 89, 91, 96, 97–98, 100.
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of a young New York City cartoonist named Michael Corleone, using
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1431:. North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 83–84.
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633:, Bakshi received a call from Krantz, who questioned him about
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ranked it among his "Ten Best Films of 1973". Gary Arnold, of
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told Bakshi that studio executives would be unwilling to fund
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The New Adventures of Mighty Mouse and Heckle & Jeckle
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Arnold, Gary (August 14, 1973). "'Heavy Traffic': Heavy".
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American film distribution : the changing marketplace
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565:, who took an interest in Bakshi's take on the "tortured
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Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age
822:-influenced sequence set to Chuck Berry's "Maybellene".
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is considered to be Bakshi's biggest critical success.
659:. Other music featured in the film included the songs "
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1989:
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer theatrical animated feature films
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List of one-shot Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animated shorts
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Please note figures are for rentals in US and Canada
1328:. Universe Publishing. pp. 106, 108–109, 114.
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715:, where Bakshi would often spend his time playing
1494:Siskel, Gene (August 28, 1973). "Heavy Traffic".
298:$ 1,500,000 (US/ Canada rentals) or $ 2.3 million
2542:Films about organized crime in the United States
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2391:List of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio films
406:Snowflake, gets beaten up by a tough drunk in a
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1213:. Television Editorial Corp. 1969. p. 13.
2522:American films with live action and animation
1973:
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727:. According to Bakshi, "My background was in
523:, a series of educational shorts paid for by
402:One of the regular customers at the bar, the
1111:Enchanted Drawings: The History of Animation
786:, but the same action appeared in the film
1980:
1966:
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1320:Gibson, Jon M.; McDonnell, Chris (2008). "
1291:Gibson, Jon M.; McDonnell, Chris (2008). "
1227:Gibson, Jon M.; McDonnell, Chris (2008). "
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23:. For the concept in queueing theory, see
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82:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1235:. Universe Publishing. pp. 58, 62.
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45:This article includes a list of general
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641:, calling several directors, including
2607:Films with screenplays by Ralph Bakshi
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1928:Ren & Stimpy "Adult Party Cartoon"
1419:Cohen, Karl F (1997). "Ralph Bakshi's
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2527:American International Pictures films
2210:The Adventures of the American Rabbit
1961:
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1457:Unfiltered: The Complete Ralph Bakshi
1418:
1401:
1326:Unfiltered: The Complete Ralph Bakshi
1297:Unfiltered: The Complete Ralph Bakshi
1233:Unfiltered: The Complete Ralph Bakshi
1182:. Checkmark Books. pp. 182–183.
1179:The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons
913:Motion Picture Association of America
610:story books, which eventually became
1086:"Heavy Traffic (1973) HEAVY TRAFFIC"
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1013:, an animation historian, described
576:. Halfway through the production of
531:, a tale of inner-city street life.
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2552:Animated films set in New York City
1459:. Universe Publishing. p. 11.
1154:. UMI Research Press. p. 301.
711:Inspiration for the film came from
392:where he gets free drinks from the
13:
2637:English-language independent films
782:". This sequence was deleted from
51:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
2648:
2412:List of The Pink Panther cartoons
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1109:Solomon, Charles (1989), p. 275.
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931:when it was originally released.
875:. The soundtrack was released by
867:The film's score was composed by
774:the ignition metamorphose into a
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1941:
1809:Mighty Mouse: The New Adventures
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569:", and agreed to fund the film.
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2627:African-American animated films
2562:Films about interracial romance
2140:The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat
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616:. The idea interested producer
223:American International Pictures
2592:Films produced by Steve Krantz
2567:Films about the American Mafia
2547:Films directed by Ralph Bakshi
2430:Associated Artists Productions
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1169:
1148:Donahue, Suzanne Mary (1987).
1141:
1128:
1060:List of American films of 1973
604:, a film loosely based on the
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2602:American adult animated films
2572:1970s American animated films
2532:American animated drama films
2005:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Animation
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508:
361:was given an X rating by the
2632:African-American drama films
2537:1970s English-language films
1134:"Big Rental Films of 1973",
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707:Ralph Bakshi in January 2009
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689:SĂ©rgio Mendes and Brasil '66
551:comic strip of the same name
520:Max, the 2000-Year-Old Mouse
7:
2437:DePatie–Freleng Enterprises
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1038:in 1999. On July 16, 2013,
553:. The financial success of
486:Jacqueline Mills as Rosalyn
25:Heavy traffic approximation
10:
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2622:Independent animated films
2557:American independent films
2240:The Pebble and the Penguin
1556:Oxford University Press US
1125:. Accessed March 17, 2008.
1050:for its 40th anniversary.
863:Heavy Traffic (soundtrack)
860:
456:Joseph Kaufmann as Michael
18:
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2405:Tom and Jerry filmography
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2001:MGM Animation/Visual Arts
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1937:
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1776:Last Days of Coney Island
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1550:Barrier, Michael (2003).
545:(1972), an adaptation of
474:Mary Dean Lauria as Molly
351:'s follow-up to the film
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2597:Films scored by Ed Bogas
2473:Tom and Jerry: The Movie
2458:Turner Entertainment Co.
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808:'s famous 1942 painting
483:Jim Bates as "Snowflake"
347:was Bakshi and producer
320:written and directed by
238:August 8, 1973
212:Steve Krantz Productions
2260:Arthur and the Minimoys
2075:All Dogs Go to Heaven 2
2055:Invitation to the Dance
1834:Christmas in Tattertown
1349:Kanfer, Stefan (2001).
1007:, based on 18 reviews.
792:. Kausler also states:
671:", as performed by the
525:Encyclopædia Britannica
450:
368:
66:more precise citations.
2617:1973 independent films
2451:Warner Bros. Animation
1850:The Butter Battle Book
1176:Lenburg, Jeff (1999).
1036:MGM Home Entertainment
985:The Hollywood Reporter
803:
778:entering Maybelline's
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695:was released in 1973.
620:during a screening of
567:underground cartoonist
2351:All Dogs Go To Heaven
2220:All Dogs Go to Heaven
2170:Pink Floyd – The Wall
2065:The Phantom Tollbooth
1719:The Lord of the Rings
1389:. SoundtrackCollector
1138:, 9 January 1974 p 60
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744:Charles Nelson Reilly
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460:Beverly Hope Atkinson
153:Beverly Hope Atkinson
21:Heavy Traffic (album)
2587:American drama films
2200:The Care Bears Movie
1485:. Part IV, p. 1, 23.
1455:(2008). "Foreword".
1211:Television/radio Age
673:Dave Brubeck Quartet
594:Francis Ford Coppola
2577:1973 animated films
2310:The Addams Family 2
1826:Television features
1769:Trickle Dickle Down
1512:The Washington Post
1387:soundtrack details"
1357:. Da Capo. p.
1000:The Washington Post
895:, and Chuck Berry.
849:The Gang's All Here
789:Down and Dirty Duck
309:is a 1973 American
2280:The Pink Panther 2
2160:The Secret of NIMH
2045:Dangerous When Wet
1858:Cool and the Crazy
1500:. Section 2, p. 4.
1453:Tarantino, Quentin
1091:The New York Times
1084:(August 9, 1973).
951:The New York Times
709:
665:The Isley Brothers
504:as mafia messenger
480:as Moe "Crazy Moe"
471:Terri Haven as Ida
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2371:The Addams Family
2300:The Addams Family
2091:Distribution only
2035:Holiday In Mexico
1955:
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1914:Rocket Robin Hood
1884:Heckle and Jeckle
1842:Imagining America
1802:The Mighty Heroes
1787:Television series
1482:Los Angeles Times
1466:978-0-7893-1684-4
1368:978-0-306-80918-7
1335:978-0-7893-1684-4
1306:978-0-7893-1684-4
1242:978-0-7893-1684-4
1161:978-0-8357-1776-2
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1042:and MGM released
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784:Heavy Traffic
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752:Truman Capote
750:and a little
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721:Heavy Traffic
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602:Harlem Nights
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1997:MGM Cartoons
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1727:American Pop
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1672:Ralph Bakshi
1633:
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1621:Ralph Bakshi
1615:
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1545:
1535:December 29,
1533:. Retrieved
1520:
1510:
1505:
1495:
1490:
1480:
1475:
1456:
1447:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1391:. Retrieved
1384:
1377:
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1321:
1315:
1296:
1292:
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1228:
1210:
1205:
1193:. Retrieved
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916:
907:received an
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893:Dave Brubeck
888:
884:
873:Ray Shanklin
866:
848:
840:
832:
816:Otto Messmer
809:
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748:Pearl Bailey
740:Wolfman Jack
733:
725:Street Arabs
724:
720:
710:
656:
653:Ray Shanklin
647:
638:
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630:
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621:
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601:
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571:
558:
554:
547:Robert Crumb
540:
536:
533:Steve Krantz
528:
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437:
429:
416:
401:
383:
372:
358:
352:
349:Steve Krantz
344:
322:Ralph Bakshi
305:
304:
303:
254:Running time
231:Release date
197:Ray Shanklin
157:Frank Dekova
140:Steve Krantz
127:Ralph Bakshi
118:Ralph Bakshi
78:
69:
50:
29:
2374:(2019-2021)
2364:(2006-2009)
2354:(1989-1996)
2344:(1972-1974)
2334:(1945-1953)
1891:Deputy Dawg
1869:Other works
1762:Short films
974:Gene Siskel
925:Walt Disney
919:, and thus
881:Ampex Tapes
841:42nd Street
677:Chuck Berry
643:Chuck Jones
607:Uncle Remus
496:Peter Hobbs
433:taxi dancer
404:transgender
311:live-action
160:Terri Haven
132:Produced by
114:Directed by
64:introducing
2517:1973 films
2511:Categories
2483:Thumbelina
2322:Franchises
2089:Ownership/
1921:Spider-Man
1877:Terrytoons
1816:Spicy City
1751:Cool World
1066:References
1025:Home video
811:Nighthawks
681:Maybellene
509:Production
440:prostitute
425:California
341:inner-city
318:drama film
295:Box office
258:76 minutes
242:1973-08-08
205:Production
124:Written by
72:March 2021
47:references
2100:Magic Boy
911:from the
903:Although
899:Reception
769:Animation
699:Directing
669:Take Five
515:Coca-Cola
462:as Carole
420:Godfather
412:masochism
397:bartender
329:fantasies
290:$ 950,000
273:Languages
207:companies
179:Edited by
2422:See also
1947:Category
1703:Coonskin
1599:AllMovie
1322:Coonskin
1054:See also
1032:Region 1
940:Newsweek
909:X rating
869:Ed Bogas
833:Red Dust
757:As with
729:Brooklyn
649:Ed Bogas
613:Coonskin
498:as Jerry
468:as Angie
408:hard hat
386:cartoons
337:metaphor
193:Ed Bogas
189:Music by
147:Starring
1711:Wizards
1623:website
1393:May 17,
1136:Variety
1048:Blu-ray
1034:DVD by
976:of the
929:Alberta
717:pinball
492:as Rosa
333:pinball
326:surreal
282:Yiddish
280:Italian
277:English
263:Country
240: (
60:improve
2496:(2021)
2486:(1994)
2476:(1992)
2313:(2021)
2303:(2019)
2293:(2018)
2283:(2009)
2273:(2008)
2263:(2007)
2253:(2006)
2243:(1995)
2233:(1992)
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