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338:, she worked out seating arrangements for her weekly formal dinner parties with special care, to give dignitaries their proper precedence and still keep political foes apart. Her tact did not falter, but her task became impossible—as did her uncle's. Seven states had seceded by the time Buchanan retired from office and returned with his niece to his spacious country home,
354:
country, intelligence, courage, accomplishments, integrity, leadership, being their own women, public image, and value to the president. In the 1982 survey, out of 42 first ladies and acting first ladies, Lane was assessed as the 29th most highly regarded among historians. Acting first ladies such as Lane have been excluded from subsequent iterations of this survey.
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211:, from 1857 to 1861. She has been described as the first of the modern first ladies, being a notably charming and diplomatic hostess, whose dress-styles were copied, and who promoted deserving causes. In her will, she left funds for a new school on the grounds of Washington National Cathedral. Several ships have been named in her honor, including the cutter
463:, Maryland as a memorial to two sons who had died in childhood. In October 1912 the Harriet Lane Home officially opened. It was the first children's clinic in the United States that was associated with a medical school. Eventually treating over 60,000 children a year, the Harriet Lane Home became a pioneer treatment, teaching, and research clinic.
239:. She was the youngest child of Elliott Tole Lane, a merchant, and Jane Ann Buchanan Lane. She lost her mother when she was nine; when her father's death two years later made her an orphan, she requested that her favorite uncle, James Buchanan, be appointed as her legal guardian. Buchanan, an unmarried
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property and asked that it be called the Lane-Johnston
Building "to the end that the family names of my husband and myself may be associated with the bequest made in loving memory of our sons." A codicil of 1903 increased her gift by one third but said that only half the total was to be spent on the
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survey asking historians to assess
American first ladies, Lane and several other "acting" first ladies were included. The first ladies survey, which has been conducted periodically since, ranks first ladies according to a cumulative score on the independent criteria of their background, value to the
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Lane considered the advantages of a number of bachelors. Her uncle cautioned Lane against "rushing precipitately into matrimonial connections" as his ward found her potential suitors "pleasant but dreadfully troublesome". Lane eventually married
Baltimore banker Henry Elliott Johnston at the age of
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Lane is the only person to have served as First Lady to a bachelor president, Buchanan being the only U.S. president never to have married. She is among 11 women who have served as First Lady, but were not married to the president, with most of the other women being relatives of widowed presidents.
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established an endocrine clinic that developed procedures used universally to treat children with certain glandular disorders, including dwarfism. John E. Bordley and
William G. Hardy broke ground in detecting hearing impairments in very young children. It became a renowned pediatric facility; the
298:
in 1857. Harriet was a popular hostess during the four years of the
Buchanan presidency. Women copied her hair and clothing styles (especially when she lowered the neckline on her inaugural gown by 2.5 inches), parents named their daughters for her, and a popular song
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gave "dear Miss Lane" the rank of ambassador's wife; admiring suitors gave her the fame of a beauty. In appearance "Hal" Lane was of medium height, with masses of light, almost golden-colored hair. She had eyes that were described as "violet colored".
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Harriet wrote her will in 1895 and lived another eight years, during which the country's general prosperity greatly increased the value of her estate. She added a codicil in 1899 directing that a school building be constructed on the grounds of the
315:. She also made a point of inviting artists and musicians to White House functions. For both her popularity and her advocacy work, she has been described as the first of the modern first ladies, and her popularity at the time is compared to that of
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building. The remainder was "specially to provide for the free maintenance, education and training of choirboys, primarily those in service of the
Cathedral." This bequest founded the prestigious boys' school that today is called
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435:
Lane left bequests in her will that established a children's hospital and a boys' school, and she donated her collection of artwork to the
Smithsonian. Several Navy and Coast Guard ships have been named in her honor.
427:. In 1905, guests were invited to see the cornerstone of the first St. Albans School building, laid for what the invitation referred to as "The Lane Johnston Choir School for Boys of the Washington Cathedral".
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36. They had two sons: James
Buchanan Johnston (1866–1881) and Henry Elliot Johnston (1869–1882), but within the 18 years from 1867 to 1885, her uncle, her husband, and her children all died.
674:"Ranking America's First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt Still #1 Abigail Adams Regains 2nd Place Hillary moves from 5 th to 4 th; Jackie Kennedy from 4th to 3rd Mary Todd Lincoln Remains in 36th"
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in 1863, and recaptured by the U.S. Navy, but was declared to be in too poor a shape to be of any further use to the Navy. She was sold to a private party.
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She dedicated $ 400,000 (equivalent to $ 13,600,000 in 2023) to establish the
Harriet Lane Home for Invalid Children at the
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called her the "First Lady of the
National Collection of Fine Arts" after her collection was accepted into public ownership.
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Rosenberger, Homer Tope. "To what Extent Did Harriet Lance Influence the Public Policies of James Buchanan?"
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was named for her—the first of several ships to be named after her, one of which remains in service.
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Harriet Lane Outpatient Clinics serve thousands of children today, and the widely used manual for
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She had an art collection based on European works which she left to the U.S. government. The
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The Harriet Lane Outpatient Clinics continue to operate in countries throughout the world.
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series continues in print and online, with multiple titles. The original title (subtitled
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Lieutenant W. D. Thompson fired the first naval shot of the Civil War from the
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871:(Ms. Johnston is a character in Updike's fictional play about President Buchanan.)
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570:. The cutter was commissioned in May 1984, and as of 2021, is still in active service.
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The Washington Historical Atlas: Who did what, when, and where in the nation's capital
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United States House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government
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and Canon DeVries of the Washington National Cathedral. She was buried in
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was strongly in favor of this match, as it would keep Lane in England.
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The second cutter named for Harriet Lane was the 125 foot USCGC
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during the administration of her uncle, lifelong bachelor president
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At Harriet Lane Johnston's funeral, services were conducted by
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559:(WSC-141), commissioned in 1926 and decommissioned in 1946.
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Balcerski, Thomas J. "Harriet Rebecca Lane Johnston." in
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The capital welcomed its new "Democratic Queen" to the
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505:) is in its 22nd edition, published by Mosby.
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1733:Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School alumni
562:The third cutter named for Harriet Lane is the
370:'s attorney general, proposed marriage to her;
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679:. Siena Research Institute. December 18, 2008
814:"The Harriet Lane Home for Invalid Children"
203:(May 9, 1830 – July 3, 1903) acted as
16:First Lady of the United States (1857-1861)
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303:") was dedicated to her. While in the
290:Acting First Lady of the United States
78:March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861
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503:A Manual for Pediatric House Officers
795:National Register of Historic Places
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542:United States Revenue Cutter Service
445:National Register of Historic Places
396:, which opened in October 1909.
1738:History of the District of Columbia
1713:20th-century American Episcopalians
1708:19th-century American Episcopalians
1471:1856 Democratic National Convention
1456:1852 Democratic National Convention
1441:1848 Democratic National Convention
1431:1844 Democratic National Convention
1426:Electoral history of James Buchanan
896:First Ladies: Influence & Image
851:Lancaster County Historical Society
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701:. National First Ladies' Library.
650:Harriet Lane: America's First Lady
618:. National First Ladies' Library.
478:did studies of autistic children.
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592:. The ship was captured by the
277:, where he was minister to the
260:Georgetown Visitation Monastery
235:Harriet Lane's family was from
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66:First Lady of the United States
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27:. For the British writer, see
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1748:People from Washington, D.C.
1540:1858 United States elections
818:www.medicalarchives.jhmi.edu
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470:, who helped to develop the
423:like the Peace Cross on the
362:During her time in England,
336:sectional tensions increased
258:(later for two years at the
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1703:20th-century American women
1698:19th-century American women
842:A Companion to First Ladies
273:In 1854, she joined him in
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616:"Harriet Lane biography"
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741:. White House biography
548:in 1861 because of the
515:Smithsonian Institution
497:The pediatric medicine
344:Lancaster, Pennsylvania
1535:Lecompton Constitution
1509:Dred Scott v. Sandford
1476:Woodward Hill Cemetery
1303:National Historic Site
648:Stern, Milton (2005).
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382:Later life and death
358:Romance and marriage
279:Court of St. James's
218:, still in service.
130:Harriet Rebecca Lane
1545:Paraguay expedition
1404:U.S. Representative
1392:U.S. Representative
472:blue baby operation
451:Hospital and school
417:Baltimore, Maryland
1596:Buchanan, Missouri
1581:Buchanan, Michigan
1201:Jacqueline Kennedy
1031:Angelica Van Buren
768:. Woodbine House.
652:. Self-published.
550:American Civil War
546:United States Navy
491:, bears her name.
466:From 1930 to 1963
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321:presidential yacht
319:in the 1960s. The
317:Jacqueline Kennedy
25:USCGC Harriet Lane
1723:American adoptees
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1586:Buchanan, Indiana
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1166:Edith Wilson
1156:Ellen Wilson
1141:Ida McKinley
1111:Mary McElroy
1081:Harriet Lane
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850:
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537:Harriet Lane
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313:reservations
293:
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252:Charles Town
248:Pennsylvania
234:
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215:Harriet Lane
214:
200:
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155:(1903-07-03)
153:July 3, 1903
106:Succeeded by
73:
38:Harriet Lane
21:Harriet Lane
20:
1693:1903 deaths
1688:1830 births
1410:(1821–1823)
1398:(1823–1831)
1386:(1834–1845)
1378:(1845–1849)
1367:(1857–1861)
1191:Bess Truman
1096:Julia Grant
1076:Jane Pierce
1056:Julia Tyler
922:Jane Pierce
305:White House
296:White House
266:section of
140:May 9, 1830
99:Jane Pierce
94:Preceded by
1682:Categories
1495:Presidency
1263:Jill Biden
1248:Laura Bush
1216:Betty Ford
1181:Lou Hoover
1151:Helen Taft
1101:Lucy Hayes
1061:Sarah Polk
935:1857–1861
823:9 February
717:2017-02-09
634:2017-02-09
603:References
568:(WMEC-903)
476:Leo Kanner
441:Lane House
264:Georgetown
241:Democratic
231:Early life
136:1830-05-09
1451:Doughface
1446:Wheatland
1211:Pat Nixon
574:Footnotes
485:pediatric
461:Baltimore
447:in 1972.
340:Wheatland
183:Signature
83:President
1666:Category
1632:(nephew)
1525:Utah War
1308:Category
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865:(1974).
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256:Virginia
175:Children
1296:memoirs
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222:Status
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167:Spouse
162:, U.S.
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23:, see
677:(PDF)
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535:USRC
246:from
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1419:Life
1408:PA–3
1406:for
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150:Died
126:Born
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