485:, and Harald stayed at his court. When his grandfather Ivar drowned during a punitive expedition against Raðbarðr, young Harald traveled to Zealand, where he was accepted as king. Then he went to Scania, which his mother's family had ruled, and was well received and given much help in men and arms. Then he took his fleet to Sweden in order to claim his inheritance. However, many petty kings arrived to reclaim their kingdoms, which Ivar had taken from them. These petty kings thought it would be easy to fight Harald who was only 15 years old. Harald successfully reclaimed his grandfather's domains, so that in the end he owned more than his grandfather had, and there was no king in either Denmark or Sweden who did not pay him tribute or was his vassal. He subjugated all the parts of England that had belonged to
548:, so that steel could not hurt him; in return, he offered the souls of those slain by his sword to the god. When the Norwegian petty ruler Åsmund was deposed by his own sister, Harald intervened with a single ship to remedy this infamy. Unarmed and clad in a purple cloak and gold-embroidered coif, he strode towards the enemy at the head of his troops, while the adversaries vainly showered him with javelins. After victory was won, he restored Åsmund, commenting that "the reward of glory was enough by itself". Meanwhile the Swedish ruler Yngve attacked Denmark in order to expand his realm. Before battle had been joined, Odin appeared before Harald and gave him valuable advice about military tactics, especially the wedge-like
135:
667:, on Hring's side, fought first with Ubbe the Frisian and received of him six wounds before the combatants drifted apart in the chaos. Then he fought with the shield maiden, Veborg, who struck him in the face so that his beard dangled loose, but he bit his beard to hold on to it. Then he met the shield maiden, Visne. "You hurry to your death!" she shouted. "Now, you shall die!" "No," he cried, "not before you have lost King Harald's standard." At that instant he struck her hand and went on.
725:(fl. 777-798) and Harald (years unknown, but older kinsman of a set of brothers who flourished after 812). An annal entry of 813 shows that the rivals of this Harald's nephews sought support in the struggle for Danish kingship among the Swedes, successfully ousting Harald's kin. Whether vague memories of this dynastic contest are reflected in Harald Wartooth's story is a moot point.
675:
cease. The day after the battle he sought out King Harald's body and put it onto a funeral pyre along with his horse. Hring stood before the fire and bade Harald ride straight to
Valhalla and secure lodging for those who had perished. Thereafter, all the chiefs walked around the pyre throwing weapons and gold onto it. Sigurd Hring, traditionally the father of
674:
by Odin's own hand. The god steered the royal chariot in the shape of Brune and bludgeoned the king with a club (since he was hard against steel). Along with him fell 15 kings and 30,000 free-born men. When Hring heard that his opponent had fallen, he instantly gave the sign that the fighting should
552:
formation. Applying this, Harald was able to defeat and kill Yngve and his brother Olof. The third brother
Ingjald then sued for peace, that was granted. Later on, however, Ingjald ravished the sister of Harald and the war flared up again. After some indecisive fighting, Harald accepted the Swedish
535:
agrees with Sögubrot by saying that the conquests began from
Zealand, but adds many details. During an early battle in Zealand he was critically wounded by the champion Veseti and barely saved by his mother Gyrid. Later on he murdered Veseti on the latter's wedding night in Scania, and proceeded in
662:
makes clear that this formed part of Odin's sinister game. The kings encouraged their warriors to attack without holding back. The lur horns sounded and the battle cries rose up. The battle began with an exchange of spears and arrows and even then, at the first, of the battle blood flowed upon the
617:
gives a partly different background to the war. Harald and his nephew Hring of Sweden both trusted a councilor called Brune. When Brune drowned on a journey, Odin, who had by now abandoned Harald's cause, took his likeness and began to weave a web of intrigues, successfully pitting the two kings
687:
The historicity of Harald
Wartooth and the Battle of Bråvalla has been much debated over the time. Once seen as an essentially historical event taking place in about 740 or 750, the battle has undergone a number of reinterpretations. Paul Herrmann (1922) saw Harald as an "Odin hero" in an
708:. By defeating Harald in the mid 8th century, the Swedes were supposedly able to subordinate Östergötland. Later, Stig Wikander (1960) hypothesized that the battle was an eschatological myth with parallels to Indian mythology, an idea that has been endorsed by some modern scholars. The
422:
informs that Hrœrekr
Ringslinger the younger had a son named Þórólfr (Thorolfur) "Váganef", who in turn had the son Vémundr Wordplane. Vémundr was the father of Valgarður (Valgardur), the father of Hrafn "heimski" (the Foolish). Hrafn was one of the first settlers in
560:
A new incident in Norway draw Harald's attention, as King Olaf of the Thrøndir was attacked by the shield-maidens Stikla and Rusla. Again reacting to undue female agency, Harald intervened and slew the two women in person. He next overcame a
234:, after which two new teeth grew out. Saxo further tells that according to another opinion, the name was derived from Harald having protruding teeth. A scholarly view, however, holds the name to be derived from a name for "war hero".
618:
against each other. The opposing sides therefore spent seven years in military preparations. By this time, Harald's old age and cruelty had made him a burden to his subjects. Hring gathered warriors from Sweden,
653:
that one could walk across the Sound on the ships from
Zealand to Skåne as if there was a bridge. When the armies finally opposed each other, Harald found to his consternation that the Swedish army applied the
663:
ground. Then swords were drawn and warrior fought against warrior. The most ferocious champion on Harald's side was Ubbe the
Frisian who killed scores of enemies before being shot down by Norwegian archers.
589:. His fame attracted warriors from various parts of the world, who formed a mercenary guard. The mighty Danish ruler spent 50 years in peace, meanwhile subjecting his personal troops to hard military drill.
408:
also mentions that he had a son named Þrándr the Old (gamli), but also adds a second son, Hrœrekr
Ringslinger (slöngvandbaugi), who apparently was named exactly like his grandfather. Another son,
2286:
717:
Most modern
Scandinavian historians decline to discuss the background of Harald and the battle due to the late sources. Frankish sources name three Danish kings of the 8th century, namely
3226:
704:(1925), on the other hand, argued that Harald was indeed the overlord over a comprehensive Danish-Swedish realm, while Hring was a sub-king with authority over Sweden, Västergötland and
447:
chieftain Borkar and a woman named Gro. Later Saxo has forgotten about this and writes that Harald was the son of
Halfdan, Borkar's son, and a woman named Gyrid, the last member of the
2276:
274:(Fragment of a saga about some ancient kings, 13th century) provides brief details about his life and a fuller account of his dramatic demise. Shorter accounts are found in the
670:
Blind, old King Harald rode out into the fray in a chariot with a sword in each hand and struck away at the enemy. Eventually Harald fell in the battle, according to the
3271:
2281:
714:(1999) suggests that the battle has "perhaps certainly" a legendary and fictitious basis, and that the location to Östergötland is likely a later literary addition.
2256:
2251:
1428:
294:
in the 11th century, may once have existed, forming the basis for the extended saga accounts. By far the oldest reference to Harald is a praise poem by
2271:
2266:
2261:
2246:
2241:
2236:
264:(c. 1200) which is however complicated by the flow of Danish-patriotic rhetoric, in part a reflection of the Valdemarian age of military expansion. An
1406:
601:, king of Sweden, that a great battle should be fought between them. The place was chosen to be at the moor of Bråvalla, and so the legendary
649:. Hring came first to the battle site and bade his army to rest until the Danes arrived. This took time for the ships were so thick upon the
443:
does not mention any Ivar Vidfamne, and gives two different versions of Harald's ancestry. First Saxo writes that Harald was the son of the
2231:
3499:
710:
2226:
466:
397:
333:
115:
3291:
1720:
1650:
3509:
3489:
976:
565:
raider called Ubbe who had attacked Jutland. When Ubbe was captured after great feats of strength, he agreed to become Harald's
1028:
489:
and later Ivar. In England, he appointed kings and jarls and had them pay him tribute. He also appointed Hjörmund, the son of
2689:
2126:
306:, implying that the older Harald was seen as a prestigious forebear of his younger namesake. There is moreover a song in the
887:
1810:
1253:
1230:
1207:
1193:
1170:
1101:
1078:
1008:
2563:
1399:
679:, became the ruler of both Denmark and Sweden but not, it seems, of Norway which was then a patchwork of petty kingdoms.
270:
3519:
3463:
3203:
3085:
1368:
734:
569:
and married one of the sisters of the king. Harald furthermore undertook successful expeditions of conquest along the
230:. According to one tradition, it was due to Harald having lost two of his teeth in battle against Veseti, the lord of
3514:
2384:
2379:
2108:
739:
404:
adds that Harald had the son Þrándr the Old (hinn gamli) who was the ancestor of one of the characters in the saga.
189:
who is mentioned in several traditional sources. He is held to have (indirectly) succeeded his father as king of
1392:
1343:
1282:
2633:
688:(originally) epically cohesive tale, without denying the possibility of a historical kernel. The saga scholar
501:
also mentions that Harald retook his grandfather's domains, but it says that the conquests started out from
242:
Harald Wartooth is stated by most texts to have flourished three generations before the conquest of part of
276:
3494:
3246:
1710:
3413:
3403:
1800:
27:
2511:
1918:
2568:
2411:
1680:
250:(860s-870s). This would place him around the late 8th century, though the genealogy linking him with
93:
2643:
2436:
1437:
254:
rulers is dubious. However, the sources that mention him are quite late. The most detailed text is
2521:
553:
king as a friend and brother-in-law. When Ingjald passed away at a later time, his adolescent son
3348:
2966:
2548:
2516:
2456:
2431:
1630:
697:
633:
The two armies finally moved by sea and land towards the fixed place of the contest at Bråvalla.
2218:
540:
and two further petty rulers called Hunding and Rørik, seizing the traditional royal center in
182:
2136:
696:
King Hring. Though victorious, the East Geats were weakened and subsequently dominated by the
602:
474:
361:
206:
3198:
3171:
3103:
428:
3093:
2660:
2451:
3408:
804:
202:
8:
2765:
2573:
2166:
1660:
1542:
878:
755:
486:
2307:
134:
3504:
3261:
2981:
2003:
1415:
619:
522:
193:
and to have expanded his realm. According to different sources, he may have ruled over
174:
2461:
2078:
2063:
1903:
490:
3468:
3458:
3317:
3281:
3108:
2670:
2073:
1467:
984:
693:
646:
526:
494:
365:
84:
3031:
2996:
2991:
2931:
1512:
1036:
139:
2901:
2401:
2161:
2018:
1953:
1442:
1384:
776:
574:
434:
418:
299:
255:
217:
162:
3188:
2709:
2578:
2446:
1843:
1600:
3398:
2606:
2354:
1419:
312:
295:
166:
3036:
2886:
2558:
290:, and others. A lay about the Bråvalla battle, seemingly written by a Norwegian
3322:
3176:
2951:
2729:
2704:
2613:
2196:
2083:
2033:
2023:
1948:
1376:
790:
676:
470:
377:
350:
247:
126:
3059:
3054:
2543:
1582:
835:
3483:
3312:
3307:
3256:
3241:
3183:
3131:
3011:
3006:
2941:
2936:
2856:
2846:
2745:
2719:
2628:
2302:
2058:
1893:
1763:
1715:
1336:
811:
783:
769:
762:
701:
623:
482:
478:
439:
409:
373:
356:
338:
329:
317:
282:
260:
222:
89:
45:
3276:
3016:
2976:
2946:
2911:
2881:
2714:
2653:
2553:
2531:
2441:
2389:
1923:
1725:
517:
became (subservient) king over Denmark, which is gainsaid by other sources.
3098:
2426:
1913:
1858:
1497:
1351:
598:
514:
55:
3001:
2961:
2841:
2826:
2466:
2347:
2181:
2171:
1943:
638:
597:
When Harald realized that he was about to die of old age, he suggested to
448:
3266:
3236:
3146:
2986:
2916:
2896:
2876:
2851:
2780:
2770:
1868:
1795:
1577:
1517:
655:
554:
549:
307:
3327:
3113:
2956:
2312:
1998:
1873:
1863:
1828:
797:
642:
502:
461:
344:
77:
3433:
3153:
3049:
2921:
2866:
2821:
2801:
2675:
2317:
1908:
689:
251:
205:. He is said to have been finally defeated and killed at the legendary
3041:
2816:
2618:
1958:
1883:
1878:
1833:
557:
inherited him, while Harald appointed suitable guardians for the boy.
138:
Harald Wartooth at the Battle of Bråvalla. Illustration by the Danish
3388:
3193:
3161:
3071:
3026:
2926:
2775:
2760:
2538:
2501:
2364:
2053:
1983:
1933:
1928:
1848:
1502:
831:
Baldwin, Stewart (1996) "Danish kings in the 8th and 9th centuries",
578:
566:
154:
3227:
Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of Central and Northern Europe
3066:
2755:
2648:
2156:
2146:
2116:
2093:
1665:
1446:
3393:
3373:
3021:
2836:
2665:
2526:
2496:
2396:
2131:
2043:
1968:
1898:
1780:
1552:
1492:
1482:
718:
692:(1914) regarded Harald as a historical Danish king who attacked an
650:
610:
606:
562:
3438:
3423:
3358:
3251:
2906:
2871:
2750:
2623:
2476:
2068:
2048:
1963:
1700:
1695:
1640:
1625:
1537:
1507:
444:
3383:
2971:
2891:
2861:
2806:
2724:
2337:
2151:
2121:
1823:
1775:
1487:
722:
705:
664:
627:
586:
582:
537:
506:
424:
389:
381:
265:
243:
194:
190:
186:
3231:
2601:
2481:
2471:
2332:
1818:
1635:
1592:
1572:
1527:
1459:
857:. Uppsala: Kungl. Gustav Adolfs Akademien för svensk folkkultur.
2831:
2796:
2506:
2416:
2406:
2359:
2201:
2141:
1853:
1790:
1753:
1705:
1620:
393:
231:
198:
2342:
2186:
1988:
1735:
1730:
1670:
1562:
658:
formation that had so often secured victory to the Danes. The
3428:
3418:
3378:
3368:
3363:
2811:
2638:
2583:
2491:
2486:
2421:
2369:
2322:
2206:
2191:
2088:
2038:
2028:
2008:
1978:
1973:
1938:
1888:
1838:
1785:
1768:
1758:
1745:
1690:
1675:
1615:
1610:
1532:
1477:
1472:
1361:
570:
541:
291:
226:, gives two different accounts about why Harald had the name
3286:
1993:
882:
Tolkien, Christopher, & Turville-Petre, G. (eds) (1956)
622:
and Norway, while Harald assembled troops from Denmark, the
3353:
3332:
3166:
3139:
2596:
2591:
2327:
2176:
2098:
2013:
1655:
1645:
1567:
1557:
1547:
1522:
545:
2374:
1685:
1605:
605:
came to be. Harald hoped to die in this battle and go to
477:
was treacherously killed in Zealand by his father-in-law
875:
The nine books of the Danish history of Saxo Grammaticus
855:
Midgård brinner. Ragnarök i religionshistorisk belysning
2277:
people, clan, and place names in Germanic heroic legend
521:
relates that Hring (Sigurd Hring) received Sweden and
316:(12th century) which describes Harald's descent from
1414:
864:. Stockholm: Generalstabens Litografiska Anstalt.
3481:
1033:, p. 28, on the settlement of Hrafn the Foolish"
886:. London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
637:says that this was a moor beneath the forest of
201:and the historical northern German province of
1400:
298:from c. 980, where the current Danish ruler
3129:
1429:Mythological Norse people, items and places
1088:Tolkien & Turville-Petre (1956), p. 68.
1018:Tolkien & Turville-Petre (1956), p. 68.
868:Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde
711:Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde
525:from his aging uncle, who kept Denmark and
454:
1407:
1393:
609:instead of dying in his bed and end up in
2227:List of figures in Germanic heroic legend
826:Skånes historia: till Saxo och Skånelagen
592:
473:with her young son when her husband King
328:Most sources describe him as the son of
133:
3482:
427:and settled on the southern coast, in
372:relates that his mother later married
1388:
870:, Vol. 13 (1999). Berlin: de Gruyter.
682:
848:Die Heldensagen des Saxo Grammaticus
818:
416:; he later became a king of Sweden.
2287:named weapons, armour and treasures
13:
3500:People whose existence is disputed
3464:Heathenry (new religious movement)
833:Medieval genealogy: Selected texts
748:
735:List of legendary kings of Denmark
513:also alleges that Harald's nephew
509:depending on the manuscript). The
481:. She then married the local King
14:
3531:
740:List of legendary kings of Sweden
342:calls her Alfhild). According to
2127:Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri
895:. New Haven: Troth Publications.
271:Sögubrot af nokkrum fornkonungum
1313:
1304:
1295:
1292:Reallexikon, Vol. 13, p. 645-7.
1286:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1243:
1234:
1220:
1211:
1197:
1183:
1174:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1091:
1082:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1021:
1012:
3510:Semi-legendary kings of Sweden
3490:8th-century monarchs in Europe
2564:Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán
998:
969:
960:
951:
942:
933:
924:
915:
906:
1:
841:Sveriges historia: medeltiden
364:(slöngvanbaugi), the king of
981:, on Valgard (see the note)"
288:The Saga of Herraud and Bose
7:
2634:Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr
893:The sagas of Ragnar Lodbrok
877:. London: Norroena Society
862:Det svenska rikets uppkomst
728:
105:
10:
3536:
3301:Festivals and holy periods
1319:Waggoner (2009), p. xviii.
1281:Hultgård (2017), p. 165-6
1263:Herrmann (1922), p. 512-7.
957:Herrmann (1922), p. 517-8.
824:Andersson, Ingvar (1947).
431:(county of Rángárvellir).
237:
28:Legendary kings of Denmark
16:Legendary kings of Denmark
3520:Monarchs killed in action
3451:
3341:
3300:
3219:
3212:
3122:
3084:
2789:
2738:
2697:
2688:
2569:Nine Mothers of Heimdallr
2295:
2282:named animals and plants
2217:
2107:
1809:
1744:
1591:
1458:
1435:
1426:
1373:
1366:
1358:
1348:
1341:
1333:
1328:
1272:Nerman (1925), p. 256-62.
939:Nerman (1925), p. 242-57.
921:Andersson (1947), p. 212.
884:Hervarar Saga ok Heidreks
323:
277:Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks
122:
111:
100:
83:
73:
65:
61:
51:
41:
33:
26:
21:
3515:Vikings killed in battle
2390:Black elves (Svartálfar)
966:Nerman (1925), p. 243-5.
948:Nerman (1925), p. 250-1.
899:
873:Saxo Grammaticus (1905)
853:Hultgård, Anders (2017)
455:Claiming his inheritance
384:. However, according to
360:, Harald was the son of
3272:Sacred trees and groves
2512:Hamskerpir and Garðrofa
2385:Light elves (Ljósálfar)
1301:Harrison (2002), p. 23.
846:Herrmann, Paul (1922)
828:. Stockholm: Norstedts.
212:
142:in a 19th-century book.
3130:
2380:Dark elves (Dökkálfar)
2029:Narfi (father of Nott)
1180:Saxo (1905), p. 468-9.
1157:Saxo (1905), p. 460-1.
1130:Saxo (1905), p. 457-9.
930:Nerman (1925), p. 261.
891:Waggoner, Ben (2009)
860:Nerman, Birger (1925)
839:Harrison, Dick (2002)
593:The Battle of Bråvalla
573:, in the lands of the
536:slaying King Hader of
143:
2522:Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi
1801:Sister-wife of Njörðr
850:. Leipzig: Engelmann.
721:(early 8th century),
544:. He was favoured by
380:and they had the son
137:
3292:Wetlands and islands
2412:Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn
1240:Saxo (1905), p. 481.
1217:Saxo (1905), p. 481.
1148:Saxo (1905), p. 459.
1139:Saxo (1905), p. 461.
1121:Saxo (1905), p. 457.
1112:Saxo (1905), p. 456.
1065:Saxo (1905), p. 455.
1056:Saxo (1905), p. 431.
912:Saxo (1905), p. 456.
805:Upplendinga Konungum
700:. The archaeologist
334:Auðr the Deep-Minded
116:Auðr the Deep-Minded
2574:Narfi (son of Loki)
1721:Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr
843:. Stockholm: Liber.
756:Chronicon Lethrense
487:Halfdan the Valiant
362:Hrœrekr Ringslinger
3495:Kings of the Geats
3220:Religious practice
3194:Old Norse language
2661:Váli (son of Loki)
2549:Líf and Lífthrasir
2457:Árvakr and Alsviðr
2452:Horses of the Æsir
2432:Hati Hróðvitnisson
1573:Váli (son of Odin)
1416:Old Norse religion
1250:Fragment of a saga
1227:Fragment of a saga
1204:Fragment of a saga
1190:Fragment of a saga
1167:Fragment of a saga
1098:Fragment of a saga
1075:Fragment of a saga
1005:Fragment of a saga
683:Historical origins
603:Battle of Bråvalla
388:, both Harald and
207:Battle of Bråvalla
151:Harold Hiltertooth
144:
3477:
3476:
3469:Nordic Bronze Age
3459:Germanic paganism
3447:
3446:
3318:Germanic calendar
3282:Temple at Uppsala
3080:
3079:
2684:
2683:
2644:Þjálfi and Röskva
2588:Personifications
1451:and other figures
1383:
1382:
1374:Succeeded by
1349:Succeeded by
1329:Legendary titles
819:Secondary sources
410:Eysteinn Illruler
392:were the sons of
159:Haraldr hilditǫnn
132:
131:
3527:
3217:
3216:
3135:
2902:Grove of fetters
2695:
2694:
2402:Fjalar (rooster)
2162:Fjalar and Galar
1456:
1455:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1359:Preceded by
1334:Preceded by
1326:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1195:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1172:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1122:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1035:. Archived from
1025:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1002:
996:
995:
993:
992:
983:. Archived from
973:
967:
964:
958:
955:
949:
946:
940:
937:
931:
928:
922:
919:
913:
910:
435:Saxo Grammaticus
429:Rangárvallasýsla
412:is mentioned by
302:is likened with
300:Harald Bluetooth
286:(12th century),
280:(13th century),
256:Saxo Grammaticus
218:Saxo Grammaticus
179:Harald Hildetann
175:Modern Norwegian
171:Harald Hildetand
19:
18:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3443:
3399:Norse cosmology
3337:
3296:
3208:
3204:Later influence
3118:
3076:
2790:Other locations
2785:
2734:
2680:
2607:Sumarr and Vetr
2291:
2213:
2103:
1904:Gjálp and Greip
1805:
1740:
1587:
1452:
1450:
1441:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1379:
1369:King of Denmark
1364:
1354:
1339:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1040:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1003:
999:
990:
988:
975:
974:
970:
965:
961:
956:
952:
947:
943:
938:
934:
929:
925:
920:
916:
911:
907:
902:
821:
751:
749:Primary sources
745:
731:
685:
641:, close to the
595:
491:Hjörvard Ylfing
457:
326:
296:Einarr Helgason
246:by the sons of
240:
215:
147:Harald Wartooth
118:, Gro, or Gyrid
92:
22:Harald Wartooth
17:
12:
11:
5:
3533:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3223:
3221:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3094:Æsir–Vanir War
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2932:Hoddmímis holt
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2766:Körmt and Örmt
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2197:Sons of Ivaldi
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1543:Móði and Magni
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1453:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1344:King of Sweden
1340:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1322:
1321:
1312:
1310:Baldwin (1996)
1303:
1294:
1285:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1242:
1233:
1219:
1210:
1196:
1182:
1173:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1090:
1081:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1020:
1011:
997:
968:
959:
950:
941:
932:
923:
914:
904:
903:
901:
898:
897:
896:
889:
880:
871:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
829:
820:
817:
816:
815:
808:
801:
794:
787:
780:
773:
766:
759:
750:
747:
743:
742:
737:
730:
727:
684:
681:
677:Ragnar Lodbrok
594:
591:
493:, the king of
456:
453:
376:, the king of
325:
322:
248:Ragnar Lodbrok
239:
236:
214:
211:
163:Modern Swedish
140:Lorenz Frølich
130:
129:
127:Norse paganism
124:
120:
119:
113:
109:
108:
102:
98:
97:
87:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
35:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3532:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3262:Öndvegissúlur
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Heitstrenging
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3189:Völsung Cycle
3187:
3185:
3184:Tyrfing Cycle
3182:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3132:Gesta Danorum
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3104:Fróði's Peace
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:Shield-maiden
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:Ask and Embla
2301:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:Ingunar-Freyr
1762:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
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459:According to
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440:Gesta Danorum
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357:Lay of Hyndla
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261:Gesta Danorum
258:'s chronicle
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181:) was a semi-
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90:Eysteinn Beli
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3109:Hjaðningavíg
2887:Glæsisvellir
2427:Gullinbursti
2074:Útgarða-Loki
1468:Almáttki áss
1367:
1352:Sigurd Hring
1342:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1252:, Chapter 9
1249:
1245:
1236:
1229:, Chapter 9
1226:
1222:
1213:
1206:, Chapter 7
1203:
1199:
1192:, Chapter 7
1189:
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1169:, Chapter 7
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1108:
1100:, Chapter 6
1097:
1093:
1084:
1077:, Chapter 4
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1070:
1061:
1052:
1041:. Retrieved
1037:the original
1030:
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1007:, Chapter 6
1004:
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989:. Retrieved
985:the original
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69:7th century?
56:Sigurd Hring
37:8th century?
3267:Reginnaglar
3199:Orthography
3172:Jómsvíkinga
3147:Poetic Edda
3060:Urðarbrunnr
3055:Mímisbrunnr
2987:Singasteinn
2917:Hindarfjall
2897:Gnipahellir
2877:Ginnungagap
2852:Fyrisvellir
2847:Fornsigtuna
2781:Vimur River
2771:Slidr River
2544:Jörmungandr
1954:Hrímgrímnir
1583:Vili and Vé
1031:Landnámabók
979:Njal's saga
791:Njal's Saga
777:Landnámabók
694:East Geatic
656:Svinfylking
550:Svinfylking
419:Landnámabók
402:Njal's Saga
351:Njal's Saga
308:Poetic Edda
42:Predecessor
3484:Categories
3434:Viking Age
3409:Philosophy
3277:Sonargöltr
3162:Runestones
3154:Prose Edda
3099:Fimbulvetr
3050:Hvergelmir
3017:Valaskjálf
2977:Sessrúmnir
2947:Jötunheimr
2922:Hlidskjalf
2912:Himinbjörg
2882:Glaðsheimr
2867:Gastropnir
2822:Bilskirnir
2802:Amsvartnir
2715:Gjallarbrú
2698:Underworld
2654:Landvættir
2554:Loddfáfnir
2532:Svaðilfari
2517:Hófvarpnir
2462:Blóðughófi
2442:Hildisvíni
2318:Aurvandill
2079:Vafþrúðnir
2064:Þrúðgelmir
1924:Harðgreipr
1043:2006-12-06
991:2006-12-06
690:Axel Olrik
449:Skjöldungs
313:Hyndluljóð
252:Viking Age
197:, part of
3505:Scyldings
3389:Mead hall
3323:Þorrablót
3177:Legendary
3072:Yggdrasil
3032:Víðbláinn
3027:Vanaheimr
3002:Þrymheimr
2997:Þrúðvangr
2992:Þrúðheimr
2962:Munarvágr
2952:Mímameiðr
2927:Hnitbjorg
2842:Fólkvangr
2827:Brávellir
2776:Vadgelmir
2761:Kerlaugar
2730:Niðafjöll
2690:Locations
2666:Valkyries
2614:Sæhrímnir
2502:Gulltoppr
2467:Falhófnir
2365:Einherjar
2348:Landdísir
2182:Mótsognir
2172:Hreiðmarr
2084:Víðblindi
2034:Sökkmímir
2024:Mögþrasir
1984:Hyrrokkin
1949:Hrímgerðr
1944:Hræsvelgr
1934:Helreginn
1929:Helblindi
1849:Bergelmir
1513:Ítreksjóð
1420:mythology
639:Kolmården
579:Aquitania
567:housecarl
471:Garðaríki
378:Garðaríki
304:Hilditann
266:Icelandic
183:legendary
155:Old Norse
52:Successor
3452:See also
3374:Hamingja
3328:Vetrnætr
3313:Dísablót
3308:Álfablót
3114:Ragnarök
3022:Valhalla
3012:Útgarðar
2957:Myrkviðr
2942:Járnviðr
2937:Iðavöllr
2857:Gálgviðr
2837:Fensalir
2746:Élivágar
2720:Náströnd
2710:Éljúðnir
2579:Níðhöggr
2527:Sleipnir
2497:Gullfaxi
2397:Fimafeng
2313:Auðumbla
2132:Billingr
2059:Þrívaldi
2044:Suttungr
1999:Járnsaxa
1969:Hrungnir
1899:Gillingr
1894:Geirröðr
1874:Fárbauti
1864:Býleistr
1829:Angrboða
1781:Gullveig
1493:Heimdall
1483:Dellingr
798:Sögubrot
729:See also
719:Angantyr
651:Kattegat
643:Bråviken
635:Sögubrot
611:Niflheim
607:Valhalla
519:Sögubrot
503:Götaland
483:Raðbarðr
469:fled to
462:Sögubrot
406:Sögubrot
374:Raðbarðr
370:Sögubrot
354:and the
345:Sögubrot
228:wartooth
203:Wendland
185:king of
123:Religion
78:Bråvalla
3404:Numbers
3384:Kenning
3257:Worship
3213:Society
3123:Sources
3042:Vingólf
3037:Vígríðr
3007:Uppsala
2972:Okolnir
2892:Glitnir
2862:Gandvik
2817:Bifröst
2807:Andlang
2725:Niflhel
2671:Völundr
2619:Skírnir
2559:Móðguðr
2355:Dragons
2338:Byggvir
2167:Gandalf
2152:Dvalinn
2122:Andvari
1959:Hrímnir
1914:Gunnlöð
1884:Fornjót
1879:Fjölvar
1859:Bölþorn
1834:Aurboða
1824:Alvaldi
1776:Gersemi
1593:Ásynjur
1498:Hermóðr
1488:Forseti
1438:Deities
1362:Sygarus
723:Sigfred
706:Gotland
665:Stærkod
645:bay in
628:Germany
587:England
583:Humbria
563:Frisian
538:Jutland
507:Gotland
475:Hrœrekr
445:Scanian
425:Iceland
398:Alfhild
390:Randver
382:Randver
366:Zealand
244:England
238:Sources
195:Jutland
191:Zealand
187:Denmark
94:Halfdan
3247:Horses
3086:Events
3067:Ýdalir
3046:Wells
2982:Sindri
2967:Nóatún
2832:Brimir
2797:Asgard
2756:Ífingr
2739:Rivers
2649:Vættir
2507:Gyllir
2417:Fylgja
2407:Fenrir
2360:Draugs
2296:Others
2219:Heroes
2202:Brokkr
2157:Fáfnir
2147:Dúrnir
2142:Durinn
2117:Alvíss
2109:Dwarfs
2094:Vörnir
2004:Laufey
1869:Eggþér
1854:Bestla
1811:Jötnar
1796:Njörðr
1791:Kvasir
1754:Freyja
1706:Snotra
1666:Njörun
1621:Gefjon
1578:Víðarr
1518:Lóðurr
1447:jötnar
1443:dwarfs
698:Swedes
613:. The
581:, and
394:Valdar
324:Family
232:Scania
199:Sweden
167:Danish
112:Mother
101:Father
3439:Völva
3429:Skald
3424:Seiðr
3419:Runes
3414:Rings
3379:Heiti
3364:Galdr
3359:Félag
3349:Death
3342:Other
3252:Hörgr
3167:Sagas
2907:Heiðr
2872:Gimlé
2812:Barri
2751:Gjöll
2676:Vörðr
2639:Troll
2624:Sköll
2584:Norns
2492:Grani
2487:Glenr
2477:Glaðr
2447:Hjúki
2422:Garmr
2375:Elves
2370:Eldir
2343:Dísir
2323:Beyla
2257:Hi–Hy
2207:Eitri
2192:Regin
2137:Dáinn
2089:Vosud
2069:Þrymr
2049:Þjazi
2039:Surtr
2009:Leikn
1979:Hymir
1974:Hrymr
1964:Hroðr
1939:Hljod
1919:Gymir
1909:Gríðr
1889:Gangr
1839:Baugi
1786:Hnoss
1769:Yngvi
1759:Freyr
1746:Vanir
1726:Þrúðr
1701:Skaði
1696:Sjöfn
1691:Sigyn
1676:Rindr
1661:Nanna
1641:Iðunn
1626:Gerðr
1616:Fulla
1611:Frigg
1538:Mímir
1533:Meili
1508:Hœnir
1478:Bragi
1473:Baldr
900:Notes
599:Hring
575:Slavs
571:Rhine
555:Hring
542:Lejre
336:(but
292:skald
268:text
220:, in
85:Issue
34:Reign
3369:Goði
3354:Ergi
3333:Yule
3232:Blót
3140:Edda
2602:Nótt
2597:Elli
2592:Dagr
2539:Jörð
2482:Glær
2472:Gísl
2333:Búri
2328:Borr
2308:Auðr
2252:H–He
2177:Litr
2099:Ymir
2054:Þökk
2019:Logi
2014:Litr
1844:Beli
1819:Ægir
1681:Sága
1656:Lofn
1651:Irpa
1646:Ilmr
1636:Hlín
1568:Ullr
1558:Thor
1548:Odin
1528:Máni
1523:Loki
1503:Höðr
1460:Æsir
1418:and
626:and
546:Odin
505:(or
467:Auðr
396:and
213:Name
165:and
104:see
74:Died
66:Born
3394:Nīþ
3237:Hof
2705:Hel
2437:Hel
2272:T–Y
2267:P–S
2262:I–O
2247:F–G
2242:D–E
2237:B–C
2187:Ótr
1989:Iði
1736:Vör
1731:Vár
1716:Syn
1711:Sól
1686:Sif
1671:Rán
1631:Gná
1606:Eir
1601:Bil
1563:Týr
1553:Óðr
1377:Olo
585:in
149:or
3486::
3287:Vé
1994:Ím
1445:,
1440:,
1103:.
630:.
577:,
497:.
451:.
437:'
400:.
368:.
348:,
320:.
310:,
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173:;
169::
161:;
157::
2232:A
1449:,
1408:e
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994:.
977:"
153:(
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