807:, "the wealthy of nineteenth-century Hamburg were for the most part stern republicans, abhorring titles, refusing to accord any deference to the Prussian nobility, and determinedly loyal to their urban background and mercantile heritage." Many grand burghers considered the nobility inferior to Hanseatic families. A marriage between a daughter of a Hanseatic family and a noble was often undesired by the Hanseaten. From the late 19th century, being integrated into a German nation state, a number of Hanseatic families were nevertheless ennobled (by other German states, e.g. Prussia), but this was often met with criticism among their fellow Hanseaten. As the Hanseatic banker
345:
788:
1530:
1630:
1500:
1340:
3578:
59:
44:
745:
851:
The long standing tradition that
Hanseaten do not accept medals and honors "of foreign powers" is called the "hanseatic rejection". It is reflecting the spirit of unconditional independence, modesty and equality of the citizens of hanseatic cities. In an early version of the Hamburg constitution from
798:
The relationship between the
Hanseatic and noble families varied depending on the city. The most republican city was Hamburg, where the nobility was banned, from the 13th century to the 19th century, from owning property, participating in the political life of the city republic, and even from living
852:
1270 it is written that "the fact that the externally visible insignia of the order should distinguish the decorated one from his colleagues and fellow citizens as a superior one" as a circumstance that was in decisive contradiction to the spirit of the city constitution. Politician
1920:
Hanseaten und das
Hanseatische in Diktatur und Demokratie: Politisch-ideologische Zuschreibungen und Praxen (Hanseatic League and the Hanseatic in Dictatorship and Democracy: Political-Ideological Attributions and
407:
290:
elsewhere in Europe, although the
Hanseaten often regarded the (rural) nobility outside the city republics as inferior to the (urban and often more affluent, and in their own view, cultivated) Hanseaten.
1952:, Frankfurt 1641, was the first to use the term "Hanseatic", characterizing the Union between Hamburg, Bremen and LĂŒbeck, created between 1630 and 1650 in lieu of the perished Hanse. Gerhard Ahrens,
1683:
1456:
1665:
1145:
1120:
1043:
2243:
German
Original: "die Tatsache, dass die Ă€uĂerlich sichtbaren Ordensinsignien den Decorierten vor seinen Kollegen und MitbĂŒrgern als einen vorzĂŒglicheren auszeichnen sollen".
1475:
1310:
1049:
1114:
550:
925:
1815:
1313:(1894â1982), Partner of the Latin America Trading Company "Riensch & Held", member of the plenum of Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, First Lieutenant WWI, EK I and EK II
1024:
1202:
1274:
544:
1911:
Hanseaten: Mythos und RealitÀt des ehrbaren
Kaufmanns seit dem 19. Jahrhundert. (Hanseatic class: myth and reality of the honorable merchant since the 19th century).
1304:
1292:
913:
1809:
1803:
1298:
1083:
1058:
919:
1307:(1857â1943), Partner of the Latin America Trading Company "Riensch & Held" est 1845 in Hamburg and Mexico, Co-Founding Member of the Hamburg Golf Club in 1905
1244:
1469:
1323:
1280:
1727:
1126:
900:
2654:
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1264:
1258:
1250:
1821:
950:
861:
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1766:
1715:
1077:
944:
1238:
1154:
2287:
2195:
1721:
1198:
1174:
1301:(1828â1899), Owner of the first united steam shipping fleet on the Alster and the dockyard at Leinpfad Hamburg, Member of Hamburg Parliament
1188:
774:
647:
3382:
3257:
3267:
3525:
2423:
963:
3374:
3312:
2080:
1923:. in: Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg 2014, hrsg. von der Forschungsstelle fĂŒr Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg (FZH), Hamburg 2015, p. 71-83.
1261:(1683â1757), Merchant in Neukalen and Mayor of Neukalen in the state of Mecklenburg, Founder of the Tobacco business est in 1723
823:" Upon hearing of the ennoblement of Rudolph Schröder (1852â1938) of the ancient Hanseatic Schröder family, Hamburg First Mayor
3354:
2685:
2331:
1289:(1797â1852), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger StraĂe, Consul General of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in Hamburg
674:
641:
205:
refers specifically to the ruling families of
Hamburg, LĂŒbeck and Bremen, but more broadly, this group is also referred to as
3349:
344:
3359:
3392:
3647:
3540:
3520:
3499:
1271:, Oberalter St Katharinen, top 5 ranking member of the Hamburg Parliament, President of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce
568:
3632:
3607:
3504:
3387:
3230:
2015:
803:, with the Hanseaten as its elite occupying the position held by noble and princely families elsewhere. According to
2042:
3642:
3627:
3252:
767:
413:
268:
1846:â Hanseatics being those since approximately 1650, Hanseatic families are normally those of the mayors until 1918.
1225:
264:
3242:
664:
2260:
2140:
Vertritt die "BĂŒrgerschaftâ die BĂŒrgerschaft? Verfassungs-, BĂŒrger- und
Wahlrecht in Hamburg von 1814 bis 1914
3535:
3307:
3302:
2786:
1859:
1030:
562:
206:
1671:
1220:
Ascan-Bernd
Jencquel (17 August 1913 â 4 November 2003), member of the Jencquel family, who married in 1952
589:
419:
3530:
3364:
3329:
3280:
3004:
808:
686:
35:
1221:
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760:
464:
324:
221:
2006:
1677:
1640:
1510:
1350:
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2803:
2324:
1582:
1567:
1101:
993:
888:
302:
3602:
3489:
3429:
1843:
1573:
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1533:
2248:
3434:
3424:
2781:
2593:
1740:
1018:
824:
792:
93:
1993:
1381:
Thomas Johann
Heinrich Mann (1840â1891), senator of LĂŒbeck; fictionalized "Thomas Buddenbrook" in
3581:
3479:
3414:
2148:
Schlaglichter historischer Forschung. Studien zur deutschen Geschichte im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert
1601:
1444:
1169:
975:
714:
635:
595:
437:
259:
Hamburg was one of the oldest stringent civic republics, in which the Hanseatics preserved their
17:
1689:
1161:
3439:
3068:
2810:
1747:
1552:
969:
380:
62:
130:
3494:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3444:
3297:
2365:
2317:
1888:
1607:
532:
2095:
Nobles were banned since 1276 from living inside the city wall â Renate Hauschild-Thiessen,
3555:
3550:
3454:
3324:
3275:
2669:
2635:
2620:
2456:
2403:
2133:
1785:
729:
724:
499:
1895:
8:
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2719:
2699:
2603:
2066:
2027:
1864:
1779:
1071:
982:
734:
556:
353:
272:
70:
2073:
3096:
3078:
3073:
3061:
2895:
2714:
2694:
2664:
2446:
2418:
2189:
2129:
719:
709:
491:
458:
333:
217:
210:
114:
3612:
3101:
3019:
2709:
2647:
2476:
2084:
2011:
1702:
1588:
1577:
868:
987:
3545:
3419:
3319:
3149:
2957:
2847:
2798:
2771:
2524:
2519:
2372:
2177:
2049:), at which point it again became known as the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (
1941:
894:
804:
511:
505:
431:
425:
66:
48:
1207:
1005:
3290:
2982:
2793:
2539:
2529:
2244:
2046:
1874:
1613:
629:
470:
368:
1253:(1579â1652), Merchant in the Gröninger StraĂe, St Katharinen district of Hamburg
999:
860:(Hamburg) and several others people from LĂŒbeck, Hamburg and Bremen refused the
787:
248:), the latter being simply known since 1937 as the "Hanseatic City of LĂŒbeck". (
3247:
3191:
3030:
2987:
2915:
2659:
2630:
2555:
2509:
2451:
2408:
1753:
1538:
mayor of the Free Imperial and Hanseatic City of LĂŒbeck, son of Eleonora Maria
857:
853:
748:
680:
74:
3596:
3088:
2885:
2674:
2544:
2534:
2492:
2466:
2461:
2398:
2358:
1827:
1389:
1268:
1149:
538:
314:
138:
799:
within its walls. Hamburg, however, was not a true democracy, but rather an
3121:
3048:
2827:
2817:
2736:
2486:
2393:
2343:
1539:
1529:
1383:
1139:
1088:
601:
476:
297:
295:, a member of a LĂŒbeck Hanseatic family, portrayed this class in his novel
260:
110:
3285:
3116:
3106:
3056:
3038:
2949:
2910:
2704:
2615:
2598:
2128:
character of Hamburg's constitution, being the reason why Hamburg at the
2039:
1881:
1851:
1831:
1556:
1440:
1395:
1375:
292:
31:
1629:
1499:
1339:
1267:(1722â1784), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger StraĂe,
3131:
2471:
1429:
1407:
1401:
58:
1570:(1784â1846), judge at the High Court of Appeal of the four free cities
1295:(1800â1839), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger StraĂe
1283:(1761â1803), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in the Gröninger StraĂe
3177:
3172:
3139:
3111:
2999:
2994:
2930:
2905:
2852:
2766:
2481:
2413:
2182:
Death in Hamburg: Society and Politics in the Cholera Years 1830â1910
2125:
2121:
1856:â Residential avenue in Hamburg, emblematic of a Hanseatic lifestyle.
1413:
1277:(1732â1802), Merchant and Tobacco Manufacturer in Hamburg and in Riga
1192:
800:
401:
280:
276:
2132:
was accepted by the princes of the German states as a member of the
3186:
3158:
3144:
3011:
2977:
2935:
2920:
2880:
2625:
2214:
Renate Hauschild-Thiessen (1997). "Adel und BĂŒrgertum in Hamburg".
1913:
in: Katalog des EuropĂ€ischen Hansemuseums, LĂŒbeck 2016, p. 106-110.
1433:
287:
286:
The Hanseaten were regarded as being of equal rank to the (landed)
174:
1247:(1540â1607), Hamburg notary public at St Petri district of Hamburg
3182:
3167:
3163:
2925:
2875:
2867:
2857:
2761:
2749:
2608:
2504:
2498:
2249:
https://www.manager-magazin.de/unternehmen/karriere/a-205859.html
1680:(Freiherr John Henry Schröder) (1784â1883), Baron, Hamburg banker
1165:
938:
812:
186:
162:
118:
109:
individuals and families of prestigious rank who constituted the
43:
3154:
2967:
2900:
2840:
2835:
2642:
2309:
1869:
744:
126:
2962:
2890:
2441:
1420:
811:
was ennobled in Prussia in 1889, his sister Susanne, married
374:
150:
106:
2972:
2514:
220:
in 1815, the three cities have been officially named the "
101:) is a collective term for the hierarchy group (so called
2288:"Ein groĂer Bremer, ein groĂer Staatsmann - WESER-KURIER"
2213:
1086:(1847â1927), mayor of LĂŒbeck, "Dr. Moritz Hagenström" in
957:
835:) Schröder among the nobles, but he could not "elevate" (
1443:(1811â1863), Hamburg merchant and cavalry chief of the
903:(1804â1885), merchant, member of the Hamburg parliament
827:
remarked that the Prussian King could indeed "place" (
922:(1775â1800), merchant of Bremen/London, art collector
30:"Hanseat" redirects here. For the three-wheeler, see
27:
Historical ruling class of Hamburg, LĂŒbeck and Bremen
2209:
2207:
2205:
1980:
Zur politischen Kultur Hamburgs, Bremens und LĂŒbecks
1055:
Paul de Chapeaurouge (1876â1952), senator of Hamburg
275:. Hamburg was strictly republican, but it was not a
2228:
1686:(1821â1902), Hamburg judge and member of parliament
301:(1901), principally for which he received the 1929
1426:Heinrich Johann Merck (1770â1853), Hamburg senator
2202:
928:(1765â1844), merchant of Bremen/Lausanne, painter
871:that have not created their own orders of merit.
34:. For the fishing trawler and vorpostenboot, see
3594:
2176:
1210:(born 1956), German television host and producer
1224:(26 June 1925 â 1 April 2018), elder sister of
1160:Carl Jauch (1828â1888), Grand Burgher, Lord of
990:(1802â1877), senator and First Mayor of Hamburg
981:Anna Henriette Gossler (1771â1836), married to
308:
240:) and the "Free and Hanseatic City of LĂŒbeck" (
2111:, volume 14, Limburg an der Lahn 1997, p. XXII
2030:, it was named the Hanseatic City of Hamburg (
1944:ended about mid 17th century. J. Werdenhagen,
916:(1741â1800), merchant representative of Bremen
209:along with similar social groups elsewhere in
2325:
2162:Rudolf Endres. "Adel in der frĂŒhen Neuzeit".
1326:(1796â1879), Hamburg merchant and first mayor
1177:(1861â1930), delegate of the grand burghers (
768:
137:were the persons in possession of hereditary
3229:
3009:
2146:
2138:
2105:
2097:
2071:
2051:
2032:
1998:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1893:
1879:
1849:
1480:
1179:
837:
829:
817:
250:
242:
234:
226:
199:
191:
179:
167:
155:
143:
82:
1946:
1157:(1822â1902), Hamburg benefactor to the poor
2332:
2318:
2194:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1968:, 2006, with reference to: Rainer Postel:
1724:(1873â1944), Hamburg ship-owner and banker
1421:Merck (Hamburg branch of the Merck family)
879:A few prominent families are listed here.
775:
761:
263:privileges, which were granted in 1189 by
2161:
1576:(1789â1869), German painter, head of the
864:referring to the "hanseatic rejection".
3217:
2069:; LĂŒbeck lost in the "LĂŒbeck-decision" (
1555:(1715â1802), theologian and dean of the
1528:
964:Berenberg-Gossler-Seyler banking dynasty
786:
232:), the "Free Hanseatic City of Bremen" (
67:Berenberg-Gossler-Seyler banking dynasty
57:
42:
3623:Social history of the Holy Roman Empire
2166:. Vol. 18. Oldenbourg. p. 72.
2081:Federal Constitutional Court of Germany
1948:De Rebus Publicis Hanseaticis Tractatus
996:(1866â1943), Hamburg senator and banker
14:
3595:
2285:
1564:(1755â1821), mayor of LĂŒbeck, novelist
1542:(drawing by Johann Friedrich Overbeck)
1404:(1905â1969), German actress and writer
958:Berenberg, GoĂler and Berenberg-GoĂler
846:
47:Reliefs of coats of arms of the three
3216:
2573:
2313:
1830:(1851â1920), Hamburg illustrator and
1129:(1794â1863), Hamburg insurance broker
874:
867:Bremen and Hamburg are also the only
92:
2261:"Warum Hanseaten keine Orden tragen"
1624:
1494:
1450:
1334:
2233:. Hamburg: Christians. p. 108.
2083:in its attempt to reconstitute its
862:Order of the Federal Cross of Merit
24:
2575:
2574:
2164:Enzyklopaedie Deutscher Geschichte
1148:(1765â1855), Hamburg merchant and
1037:
25:
3659:
2120:The historical science assumes a
1591:(1826â1895), German archaeologist
149:) of these cities, including the
3577:
3576:
2339:
2286:Döbler, Moritz (21 April 2016).
2079:) on 5 December 1956 before the
1628:
1498:
1338:
1191:(1883â1985), German colonel and
743:
343:
224:and Hanseatic City of Hamburg" (
2279:
2253:
2237:
1788:(1848â1931), Hamburg ship-owner
1782:(1783â1867), Hamburg ship-owner
1718:(1840â1918), Hamburg ship-owner
1478:(1691â1759), privy councillor (
1472:(1653â1735), senator of Hamburg
1463:
1330:
1317:
1226:Prince Claus of the Netherlands
1052:(1830â1897), senator of Hamburg
1046:(1813â1867), senator of Hamburg
978:(1775â1842), senator and banker
947:(1577â1636), senator of Hamburg
265:Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
125:of the free imperial cities of
3218:
2222:
2216:Hamburgisches Geschlechterbuch
2170:
2155:
2114:
2107:Hamburgisches Geschlechterbuch
2089:
2060:
2020:
1934:
1585:(1818â1880), senator of LĂŒbeck
1457:Barthold (Bartholomeus) Moller
1108:
1061:(1907â1993), German politician
621:Political and economic history
13:
1:
2099:Adel und BĂŒrgertum in Hamburg
1927:
1903:
1860:Patrician (post-Roman Europe)
1769:(1717â1732), mayor of Hamburg
1756:(1897â1986), mayor of Hamburg
1743:(1751â1791), Hamburg merchant
1705:(1700â1783), mayor of Hamburg
1692:(1855â1945), mayor of Hamburg
1668:(1742â1821), mayor of Hamburg
1616:(1878â1962), mayor of Hamburg
1610:(1868â1933), mayor of Hamburg
1604:(1809â1892), mayor of Hamburg
1459:(1605â1667), mayor of Hamburg
1416:(1909â1994), German historian
1146:Johann Christian Jauch senior
1121:Martin Hieronymus Hudtwalcker
1117:(1747â1818), Hamburg merchant
1104:(1813â1885), Hamburg merchant
1033:(1878â1963), mayor of Hamburg
1031:Wilhelm Amsinck Burchard-Motz
1021:(1852â1912), mayor of Hamburg
953:(1752â1831), mayor of Hamburg
891:(1767â1842), mayor of Hamburg
563:Neuengamme concentration camp
2229:Percy Ernst Schramm (1969).
2053:Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
1824:(1811â1887), Hamburg senator
1818:(1749â1824), mayor of LĂŒbeck
1812:(1751â1832), mayor of LĂŒbeck
1806:(1648â1723), mayor of LĂŒbeck
1734:
1674:(1778â1860), Hamburg senator
1476:Johann Baptista Mutzenbecher
1410:(1906â1949), German novelist
1398:(1875â1955), German novelist
1392:(1871â1950), German novelist
1095:
882:
819:Aber John, unser guter Name!
809:Johann von Berenberg-Gossler
687:Israelitisches Familienblatt
309:Relationship to the nobility
269:German Revolution of 1918â19
228:Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
121:, conjointly with the equal
36:German trawler V 312 Hanseat
7:
2218:. Vol. 14. p. 30.
2040:constitution of 6 June 1952
1837:
1797:
1730:(1907â1988), Hamburg banker
1696:
1666:Christian Matthias Schröder
1659:
1620:
1595:
1546:
1311:Heinz Heinrich Ernst Justus
1214:
1185:) to the Hamburg parliament
1123:(1787â1865) Hamburg senator
1080:(1835â1893), LĂŒbeck senator
1074:(1812â1885), German chemist
1050:Charles Ami de Chapeaurouge
1027:(1857â1925), Hamburg lawyer
1012:
1008:(1879â1940), German sculler
1002:(1875â1953), German sculler
856:(Bremen), former chancelor
244:Freie und Hansestadt LĂŒbeck
10:
3664:
2424:Weberian (three-component)
1709:
1672:Christian Mathias Schröder
1583:Christian Theodor Overbeck
1568:Christian Gerhard Overbeck
1490:
1373:
1236:
1137:
1115:Johann Michael Hudtwalcker
1102:Johann Cesar VI. Godeffroy
1065:
994:John von Berenberg-Gossler
961:
936:
932:
889:Amandus Augustus Abendroth
590:Hamburg RavensbrĂŒck trials
312:
303:Nobel Prize for Literature
29:
3648:Grand burghers of Hamburg
3572:
3513:
3405:
3373:
3340:
3266:
3238:
3225:
3212:
3130:
3087:
3047:
3029:
2948:
2866:
2826:
2735:
2728:
2683:
2586:
2582:
2569:
2432:
2386:
2382:
2353:
1844:List of mayors of Hamburg
1816:Johann Matthaeus Tesdorpf
1773:
1760:
1574:Johann Friedrich Overbeck
1562:Christian Adolph Overbeck
1534:Christian Adolph Overbeck
1232:
1025:Johannes Leopold Burchard
907:
3633:Social class subcultures
3608:History of Bremen (city)
3546:Pre-industrial East Asia
2038:) from 1938 until 1952 (
2007:Das GroĂe Bremen-Lexikon
1792:
1741:Georg Heinrich Sieveking
1678:Johann Heinrich Schröder
1275:Joachim Christian Justus
1201:(1888â1976), founder of
1133:
1044:Frédéric de Chapeaurouge
1019:Johann Heinrich Burchard
843:) a Hanseatic merchant.
825:Johann Heinrich Burchard
793:Johann Heinrich Burchard
362:Prehistory and Antiquity
3643:Republicanism in Europe
3628:Social class in Germany
2594:Administrative detainee
1960:, in: Schmidt-Römhild,
1602:Carl Friedrich Petersen
1445:Hamburg Citizen Militia
1369:
1305:Johannes Wilheln Justus
1293:Heinrich Wilhelm Justus
1203:Aon Jauch & HĂŒbener
1170:Hamburg Citizen Militia
976:Johann Heinrich Gossler
926:Anton Albers der Ăltere
914:Johann Christoph Albers
569:Bombing in World War II
236:Freie Hansestadt Bremen
133:. The members of these
3010:
2184:. Oxford. p. 560.
2147:
2139:
2106:
2098:
2072:
2052:
2033:
2000:Hanseaten, hanseatisch
1999:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1894:
1880:
1850:
1810:Peter Hinrich Tesdorpf
1804:Peter Hinrich Tesdorpf
1750:(1816â1904), physician
1748:Edward Henry Sieveking
1637:This section is empty.
1553:Johann Daniel Overbeck
1543:
1507:This section is empty.
1481:
1347:This section is empty.
1299:Heinrich Eduard Justus
1180:
1084:Emil Ferdinand Fehling
1059:Alfred de Chapeaurouge
970:Johann Hinrich Gossler
920:Johann Heinrich Albers
838:
830:
818:
795:
636:Constitutional history
381:Tangendorf disc brooch
251:
243:
235:
227:
200:
192:
180:
168:
156:
144:
83:
77:
63:Johann Hinrich Gossler
55:
3551:Pre-industrial Europe
1994:Herbert SchwarzwÀlder
1889:Bourgeois of Brussels
1608:Carl Wilhelm Petersen
1532:
1470:Matthias Mutzenbecher
1432:(1809â1880), Hamburg
1324:Heinrich Kellinghusen
1281:Georg Heinrich Justus
790:
94:[hanzeËaËtnÌ©]
61:
46:
3408: or countries
3219:By country or region
2457:Class discrimination
2134:German Confederation
2045:18 June 2007 at the
1992:34 (1984), 153â158;
1786:Henry Brarens Sloman
1728:Kurt Hartwig Siemers
1690:Carl August Schröder
1684:Carl August Schröder
1181:Notabelnabgeordneter
1127:Nicolaus Hudtwalcker
901:Carl Eduard Abenroth
703:Other Hamburg topics
492:Continental Blockade
73:and became owner of
2940:Vanniar (Chieftain)
2067:Greater Hamburg Act
2028:Greater Hamburg Act
1988:Der BĂŒrger im Staat
1918:Lu Seegers (2014):
1909:Lu Seegers (2016):
1865:Aristocracy (class)
1780:Robert Miles Sloman
1245:BartholomÀus Justus
1072:Hermann von Fehling
983:Ludwig Edwin Seyler
972:(1738â1790), banker
897:(1796â1876), lawyer
847:Hanseatic rejection
557:Greater Hamburg Act
273:Weimar Constitution
71:Elisabeth Berenberg
3638:Hanseatic families
3618:History of Hamburg
3521:18th-century Spain
3375:Standard of living
3079:Upper middle class
3074:Lower middle class
2665:Political prisoner
2447:Chattering classes
2419:Spoon class theory
2231:Gewinn und Verlust
2136:â Peter Borowsky,
2130:Congress of Vienna
2034:Hansestadt Hamburg
1544:
1436:(privy councillor)
1222:Sigrid von Amsberg
1168:lieutenant in the
875:Hanseatic families
796:
642:Diplomatic history
459:Free Imperial city
218:Congress of Vienna
211:continental Europe
115:free imperial city
78:
56:
3590:
3589:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3401:
3400:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3102:Lumpenproletariat
2604:illegal immigrant
2565:
2564:
2477:Classless society
2152:, Hamburg, p. 93)
1896:BildungsbĂŒrgertum
1703:Nicolaus Schuback
1657:
1656:
1589:Johannes Overbeck
1578:Nazarene movement
1527:
1526:
1451:Moller (vom Baum)
1367:
1366:
1287:Friederich Justus
1265:Friederich Justus
1259:Friederich Justus
785:
784:
500:Bouches-de-l'Elbe
477:Greenland whaling
465:All Saints' Flood
252:Hansestadt LĂŒbeck
185:) and the senior
139:grand burghership
65:of the Hanseatic
16:(Redirected from
3655:
3603:Hanseatic Cities
3580:
3579:
3407:
3308:Mexican-American
3236:
3235:
3227:
3226:
3214:
3213:
3015:
2958:Business magnate
2848:Knowledge worker
2733:
2732:
2621:dual or multiple
2584:
2583:
2571:
2570:
2525:Social exclusion
2520:Social cleansing
2434:
2384:
2383:
2373:Economic classes
2334:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2257:
2251:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2211:
2200:
2199:
2193:
2185:
2178:Richard J. Evans
2174:
2168:
2167:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2142:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2101:
2093:
2087:
2077:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2036:
2024:
2018:
2002:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1942:Hanseatic League
1938:
1899:
1885:
1855:
1652:
1649:
1639:You can help by
1632:
1625:
1522:
1519:
1509:You can help by
1502:
1495:
1484:
1362:
1359:
1349:You can help by
1342:
1335:
1251:Christoph Justus
1183:
895:August Abendroth
841:
833:
821:
805:Richard J. Evans
777:
770:
763:
747:
545:Cholera Epidemic
512:Hanseatic Legion
506:Siege of Hamburg
432:Victual Brothers
426:Hanseatic League
347:
337:
319:
318:
279:, but rather an
254:
246:
238:
230:
203:
195:
183:
171:
159:
147:
145:GroĂbĂŒrgerschaft
105:) consisting of
96:
91:
86:
21:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3560:
3509:
3397:
3369:
3336:
3320:Underprivileged
3262:
3221:
3220:
3196:
3126:
3083:
3043:
3025:
2944:
2862:
2822:
2724:
2679:
2578:
2577:
2561:
2540:Social position
2530:Social mobility
2428:
2378:
2349:
2348:
2338:
2308:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2292:weser-kurier-de
2284:
2280:
2270:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2245:Manager Magazin
2242:
2238:
2227:
2223:
2212:
2203:
2187:
2186:
2175:
2171:
2160:
2156:
2119:
2115:
2094:
2090:
2065:
2061:
2047:Wayback Machine
2025:
2021:
2010:, Bremen 2003,
1939:
1935:
1930:
1906:
1875:Burgess (title)
1840:
1822:Adolph Tesdorpf
1800:
1795:
1776:
1763:
1737:
1712:
1699:
1662:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1623:
1614:Rudolf Petersen
1598:
1549:
1537:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1493:
1466:
1453:
1423:
1378:
1372:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1333:
1320:
1241:
1235:
1217:
1142:
1136:
1111:
1098:
1068:
1040:
1038:de Chapeaurouge
1015:
966:
960:
951:Wilhelm Amsinck
941:
935:
910:
885:
877:
849:
781:
740:
739:
696:
695:
692:
667:
657:
656:
653:
622:
609:
608:
607:
596:North Sea flood
584:
576:
575:
574:
551:Dockers' Strike
527:
519:
518:
517:
494:
484:
483:
482:
471:Barbary pirates
453:
445:
444:
443:
396:
388:
387:
386:
369:Hamburg culture
363:
335:
328:
317:
311:
89:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3661:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3588:
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3584:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
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3541:Ottoman Empire
3538:
3533:
3528:
3526:Ancient Greece
3523:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3500:United Kingdom
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3393:Home-ownership
3390:
3385:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3338:
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3335:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3272:
3270:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3248:American Dream
3245:
3239:
3233:
3223:
3222:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3197:
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3128:
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3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3065:
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3053:
3051:
3045:
3044:
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3041:
3035:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2954:
2952:
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2945:
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2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
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2888:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2870:
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2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2814:
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2808:
2807:
2806:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2741:
2739:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2660:Migrant worker
2657:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2596:
2590:
2588:
2580:
2579:
2576:By demographic
2567:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2556:Status Anxiety
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2510:Ranked society
2507:
2502:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2452:Class conflict
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2435: topics
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2409:Mudsill theory
2406:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2305:
2278:
2252:
2236:
2221:
2201:
2169:
2154:
2113:
2088:
2059:
2026:Following the
2019:
1964:LĂŒbeck-Lexikon
1932:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1891:
1886:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1847:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1832:watercolourist
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:Garlieb Sillem
1762:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:Kurt Sieveking
1751:
1744:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1716:Edmund Siemers
1711:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
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1565:
1559:
1548:
1545:
1525:
1524:
1505:
1503:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1482:Senatssyndicus
1473:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1437:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1374:Main article:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1345:
1343:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1262:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1237:Main article:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1196:
1186:
1172:
1162:WellingsbĂŒttel
1158:
1152:
1138:Main article:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1081:
1078:Johann Fehling
1075:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
988:Hermann GoĂler
985:
979:
973:
962:Main article:
959:
956:
955:
954:
948:
945:Rudolf Amsinck
937:Main article:
934:
931:
930:
929:
923:
917:
909:
906:
905:
904:
898:
892:
884:
881:
876:
873:
869:federal states
858:Helmut Schmidt
848:
845:
783:
782:
780:
779:
772:
765:
757:
754:
753:
752:
751:
749:Hamburg portal
738:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
706:
705:
704:
698:
697:
694:
693:
691:
690:
684:
681:Hamburg Temple
678:
675:Sephardic Jews
671:
668:
665:Jewish history
663:
662:
659:
658:
655:
654:
652:
651:
648:Postal history
645:
639:
633:
626:
623:
620:
619:
616:
615:
614:by other topic
611:
610:
606:
605:
599:
593:
586:
585:
582:
581:
578:
577:
573:
572:
566:
560:
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542:
536:
529:
528:
525:
524:
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520:
516:
515:
509:
503:
496:
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490:
489:
486:
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474:
468:
462:
455:
454:
451:
450:
447:
446:
442:
441:
435:
429:
423:
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411:
405:
398:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
385:
384:
378:
372:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
349:
348:
340:
339:
330:
329:
322:
310:
307:
261:constitutional
135:First Families
123:First Families
103:First Families
75:Berenberg Bank
69:, who married
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3660:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3583:
3575:
3574:
3571:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3506:
3505:United States
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3406:Other regions
3404:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3231:United States
3228:
3224:
3215:
3211:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2765:
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2760:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2682:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2670:Socioeconomic
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2545:Social stigma
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2535:Social orphan
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2494:
2493:Nouveau riche
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2467:Class traitor
2465:
2463:
2462:Class society
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Gilbert model
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2363:
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2355:
2352:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2293:
2289:
2282:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2232:
2225:
2217:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2197:
2191:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2143:
2141:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2110:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2074:LĂŒbeck-Urteil
2068:
2063:
2056:
2054:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2016:3-86108-693-X
2013:
2009:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1933:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1833:
1829:
1828:Ebba Tesdorpf
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1651:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1521:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1390:Heinrich Mann
1388:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1361:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1269:Grand Burgher
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:Justus family
1227:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1209:
1208:GĂŒnther Jauch
1206:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1155:Auguste Jauch
1153:
1151:
1150:Grand Burgher
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
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1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1007:
1006:Gustav GoĂler
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
984:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
967:
965:
952:
949:
946:
943:
942:
940:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
911:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
886:
880:
872:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
854:Hans Koschnik
844:
842:
840:
834:
832:
826:
822:
820:
815:, exclaimed "
814:
810:
806:
802:
794:
789:
778:
773:
771:
766:
764:
759:
758:
756:
755:
750:
746:
742:
741:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
702:
701:
700:
699:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
672:
670:
669:
666:
661:
660:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
627:
625:
624:
618:
617:
613:
612:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
587:
580:
579:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
539:Speicherstadt
537:
534:
531:
530:
523:
522:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
497:
493:
488:
487:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
449:
448:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
399:
392:
391:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
366:
359:
358:
355:
351:
350:
346:
342:
341:
338:
332:
331:
326:
321:
320:
316:
315:Republicanism
306:
304:
300:
299:
294:
289:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
255:
253:
247:
245:
239:
237:
231:
229:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
202:
196:
194:
193:Hauptpastoren
188:
184:
182:
176:
172:
170:
164:
160:
158:
157:BĂŒrgermeister
152:
148:
146:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
95:
87:
85:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
54:
52:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3556:Soviet Union
3531:Ancient Rome
3388:Homelessness
3313:Upper Middle
3185: /
3166: /
3157: /
3122:Working poor
3018:
3005:Robber baron
2828:Intellectual
2818:Royal family
2782:Ancient Rome
2756:
2636:second-class
2554:
2497:
2496: /
2491:
2487:High society
2394:Elite theory
2371:
2364:
2357:
2344:Social class
2296:. Retrieved
2291:
2281:
2269:. Retrieved
2264:
2255:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2215:
2181:
2172:
2163:
2157:
2145:
2137:
2116:
2104:
2096:
2091:
2070:
2062:
2050:
2031:
2022:
2005:
1997:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1953:
1945:
1936:
1919:
1910:
1722:Kurt Siemers
1648:January 2011
1645:
1641:adding to it
1636:
1518:January 2011
1515:
1511:adding to it
1506:
1486:) of Hamburg
1479:
1464:Mutzenbecher
1384:Buddenbrooks
1382:
1358:January 2011
1355:
1351:adding to it
1346:
1331:Lorenz-Meyer
1318:Kellinghusen
1199:Walter Jauch
1178:
1175:August Jauch
1140:Jauch family
1089:Buddenbrooks
1087:
1000:Oskar GoĂler
878:
866:
850:
836:
828:
816:
797:
791:First Mayor
715:Demographics
630:Port history
602:Hamburg cell
583:Contemporary
452:Early Modern
438:Constitution
298:Buddenbrooks
296:
285:
267:, until the
258:
249:
241:
233:
225:
215:
198:
190:
178:
166:
154:
142:
134:
122:
111:ruling class
102:
98:
81:
79:
50:
40:
3475:New Zealand
3192:Untouchable
3117:Proletariat
3107:Pea-pickers
3057:Bourgeoisie
2745:Aristocracy
2631:naturalized
2626:native-born
2294:(in German)
2267:(in German)
1956:Hanseatisch
1882:Bourgeoisie
1852:Elbchaussee
1557:Katharineum
1441:Ernst Merck
1396:Thomas Mann
1376:Mann family
1109:Hudtwalcker
689:(1898â1938)
683:(1818â1938)
677:(1590â1942)
650:(1649â1868)
644:(1648â1918)
479:(1644â1806)
473:(1578â1751)
461:(1510â1806)
434:(1389â1401)
428:(1321â1669)
408:Archbishops
395:Middle Ages
334:History of
293:Thomas Mann
49:Hanseatic (
32:Tempo (car)
3597:Categories
3465:Luxembourg
3355:Inequality
3020:Superclass
2811:Hereditary
2787:Post-Roman
2778:Patrician
2648:adolescent
2472:Classicide
2126:oligarchic
2122:timocratic
1928:References
1921:Practices)
1904:Literature
1430:Carl Merck
1408:Klaus Mann
1402:Erika Mann
1189:Hans Jauch
533:Great Fire
410:(832â1072)
313:See also:
216:Since the
207:patricians
181:Diplomaten
99:Hanseatics
3490:Sri Lanka
3383:Education
3350:Household
3243:Affluence
3178:Rat tribe
3140:Ant tribe
3112:Precariat
3097:Lazzaroni
3039:Bohemians
3000:Overclass
2995:Old money
2931:Spartiate
2906:Kshatriya
2896:Hashashin
2853:Professor
2794:Political
2767:Oligarchy
2757:Hanseaten
2675:Stateless
2655:Convicted
2587:By status
2550:Subaltern
2482:Euthenics
2414:New class
2190:cite book
2085:statehood
1972:Hanseaten
1735:Sieveking
1414:Golo Mann
1193:Freikorps
1096:Godeffroy
883:Abendroth
831:versetzen
801:oligarchy
730:Geography
725:Education
571:(1940â45)
565:(1938â45)
502:(1811â14)
420:Bornhöved
414:Cathedral
402:Hammaburg
281:oligarchy
277:democracy
201:Hanseaten
175:diplomats
173:), joint
169:Senatoren
84:Hanseaten
3582:Category
3514:Historic
3435:Colombia
3425:Cambodia
3360:Personal
3258:Mobility
3187:Freedman
3173:Plebeian
3159:Prisoner
3145:Commoner
3031:Creative
3012:Seigneur
2978:Nobility
2936:Vanniyar
2921:Pendekar
2881:Cossacks
2515:Snobbery
2387:Theories
2298:20 April
2271:20 April
2180:(1987).
2043:Archived
1838:See also
1798:Tesdorpf
1697:Schuback
1660:Schröder
1621:SchlĂŒter
1596:Petersen
1547:Overbeck
1434:Syndicus
1215:Jencquel
1013:Burchard
735:Politics
383:(3rd CE)
377:(1st CE)
354:timeline
325:a series
323:Part of
288:nobility
271:and the
163:senators
53:) cities
3485:Romania
3480:Nigeria
3365:Poverty
3268:Classes
3253:History
3164:Peasant
3150:Outcast
3089:Working
3069:Burgher
2926:Samurai
2916:OcÄlĆtl
2876:Chhetri
2868:Warrior
2858:Scholar
2772:Russian
2762:Magnate
2750:Aristoi
2729:By type
2616:Citizen
2609:refugee
2505:Poverty
2499:Parvenu
2433:Related
2404:Marxian
2366:Stratum
2265:shmh.de
2247:, 2002
1710:Siemers
1491:Nölting
1195:-leader
1166:cavalry
1066:Fehling
939:Amsinck
933:Amsinck
839:erheben
813:Amsinck
720:Economy
710:Culture
638:(1410â)
632:(1189â)
371:(15 ka)
336:Hamburg
187:pastors
161:), the
119:Hamburg
113:of the
90:German:
18:Hanseat
3613:LĂŒbeck
3440:France
3420:Belize
3415:Africa
3342:Income
3298:Middle
3291:Gentry
3155:Outlaw
3062:Petite
3049:Middle
2983:Landed
2968:Gentry
2901:Knight
2841:Priest
2836:Clergy
2799:Family
2737:Ruling
2686:collar
2643:Clique
2359:Status
2144:, in:
2103:, in:
2014:
1984:, in:
1870:Gentry
1774:Sloman
1761:Sillem
1439:Baron
1233:Justus
908:Albers
604:(2001)
598:(1962)
592:(1947)
559:(1937)
553:(1896)
547:(1892)
541:(1888)
535:(1842)
526:Modern
514:(1813)
508:(1813)
467:(1570)
440:(1410)
422:(1227)
416:(1035)
327:on the
151:mayors
131:LĂŒbeck
127:Bremen
51:sister
3536:Aztec
3495:Tibet
3470:Nepal
3460:Italy
3450:India
3445:Haiti
3430:China
3330:Under
3325:Lower
3303:Black
3286:Donor
3281:Black
3276:Upper
3183:Slave
3132:Under
2988:Petty
2963:Elite
2950:Upper
2891:Harii
2886:CuÄuh
2720:White
2700:Green
2599:Alien
2442:Caste
2004:, in
1793:Stern
1540:Jauch
1134:Jauch
404:(810)
375:Treva
107:elite
3455:Iran
3168:Serf
2973:Lord
2911:Nair
2804:List
2715:Pink
2705:Grey
2695:Blue
2684:By "
2300:2022
2273:2022
2196:link
2012:ISBN
1940:The
1746:Sir
1370:Mann
1164:and
222:Free
129:and
80:The
2710:New
2124:or
1643:.
1513:.
1353:.
352:by
256:).
197:).
117:of
3599::
2290:.
2263:.
2204:^
2192:}}
2188:{{
1996:,
1976:,
305:.
283:.
213:.
97:,
2938:/
2688:"
2333:e
2326:t
2319:v
2302:.
2275:.
2198:)
2057:)
1650:)
1646:(
1536:,
1520:)
1516:(
1360:)
1356:(
1228:.
776:e
769:t
762:v
189:(
177:(
165:(
153:(
141:(
88:(
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
