Ho Chi Minh - Knowledge

9335: 1707: 1817: 3992:", which were accompanied with executions of "reactionary and evil landlords." During the land reform, testimonies by North Vietnamese witnesses suggested a ratio of one execution per 160 village residents, which if extrapolated would indicate a nationwide total of nearly 100,000 executions. Because the campaign was concentrated mainly in the Red River Delta area, a lower estimate of 50,000 executions was widely accepted by scholars at the time. However, declassified documents from the Vietnamese and Hungarian archives indicate that the number of executions was much lower than reported at the time, although it was likely greater than 13,500. In early 1956, North Vietnam ended the land reform and initiated a "correction of errors" to rectify the mistakes and damage done. That year, Hồ Chí Minh apologised and acknowledged the serious errors the government had made in the land reform. As part of the campaign, as many as 23,748 political prisoners were released by North Vietnam by September 1957. By 1958, the correction campaign had resulted in the return of land to many of those harmed by the land reform. 3977: 3965: 1165: 3956:(ICC) chaired by India, with Canada and Poland as members, was placed in charge of supervising the ceasefire. Because issues were to be decided unanimously, Poland's presence in the ICC provided the Communists with effective veto power over supervision of the treaty. The unsigned Final Declaration of the Geneva Conference called for reunification elections, which the majority of delegates expected to be supervised by the ICC. The Việt Minh never accepted ICC authority over such elections, insisting that the ICC's "competence was to be limited to the supervision and control of the implementation of the Agreement on the Cessation of Hostilities by both parties". Of the nine nations represented, only the United States and the State of Vietnam refused to accept the declaration. Undersecretary of state 3870:, Hồ decided to negotiate a truce after fighting the French for several years. When the French negotiators arrived at the meeting site, they found a mud hut with a thatched roof. Inside they found a long table with chairs. In one corner of the room, a silver ice bucket contained ice and a bottle of good champagne, indicating that Hồ expected the negotiations to succeed. One demand by the French was the return to French custody of several Japanese military officers (who had been helping the Vietnamese armed forces by training them in the use of weapons of Japanese origin) for them to stand trial for war crimes committed during World War II. Hồ Chí Minh replied that the Japanese officers were allies and friends whom he could not betray, therefore he walked out to seven more years of war. 4545: 1699: 4034: 4777: 3641: 3489: 3936:, who argued for a commission composed of an equal number of communist and non-communist members, which could determine "important" issues only by unanimous agreement. The negotiators were unable to agree on a date for the elections for reunification. North Vietnam argued that the elections should be held within six months of the ceasefire while the Western allies sought to have no deadline. Molotov proposed June 1955, then later softened this to any time in 1955 and finally July 1956. The Diệm government supported reunification elections, but only with effective international supervision, arguing that genuinely free elections were otherwise impossible in the totalitarian North. 4507: 6838:

California, Berkeley (February 2001). In this paper, Moise (7–9) modified his earlier estimate in his 1983 book (which was 5,000) and accepted an estimate of close to 15,000 executions. Moise made the case based on Hungarian reports provided by Balazs, but the document I cited above offers more direct evidence for his revised estimate. This document also suggests that the total number should be adjusted up some more, taking into consideration the later radical phase of the campaign, the unauthorized killings at the local level, and the suicides following arrest and torture (the central government bore less direct responsibility for these cases, however).

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and indoctrinating them in proper thought and behavior"; in "the subordination of the individual to the community"; and in the perfectibility, through corrective action, of human nature. All of this, Duiker suggests, was in some manner present in the aura of the new Master, Chi Minh, "the bringer of light", "Uncle Hồ" to whom "all the desirable qualities of Confucian ethics" are ascribed. Under Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnamese Marxism developed, in effect, as a kind of "reformed Confucianism" revised to meet "the challenges of the modern era" and, not least among these, of "total mobilization in the struggle for national independence and state power."

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complete the overthrow of the regime in Saigon as soon as possible; while the members of the "North first" faction were dismissed. As the South descended into chaos, whatever interest Hồ might have had in the French peace plan faded, as it became clear the Việt Cộng could overthrow the Saigon government. A CIA report from 1964 stated that factionalism in South Vietnam had reached "almost the point of anarchy" as various South Vietnamese leaders fought one another, making any sort of concerted effort against the Việt Cộng impossible; leading to much of the South Vietnamese countryside being rapidly taken over by communist guerilla forces.

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the principal obstacle to opening peace talks, as Hồ repeatedly stated that no peace talks would be possible unless the United States unconditionally ceased bombing North Vietnam. Like many of the other leaders of the newly independent states of Asia and Africa, Hồ was extremely sensitive about threats, whether perceived or real, to his nation's independence and sovereignty. Hồ regarded the American bombing as a violation of North Vietnam's sovereignty, and he felt that to negotiate with the Americans reserving the right to bomb North Vietnam should he not behave as they wanted him to do, would diminish North Vietnam's independence.

4980: 4925: 4561: 10940: 10538: 10169: 4521:(1982), Duiker suggests that Hồ Chí Minh's cult of personality is indicative of a larger legacy, one that drew on "elements traditional to the exercise of control and authority in Vietnamese society." Duiker is drawn to an "irresistible and persuasive" comparison with China. As in China, leading party cadres were "most likely to be intellectuals descended from rural scholar-gentry families" in the interior (the protectorates of Annam and Tonkin). Conversely, the pioneers of constitutional nationalism tended to be from the more "Westernised" coastal south (Saigon and surrounding French direct-rule 4117:, the Canadian commissioner to the ICC, arrived in Hanoi with a message from Johnson offering billions of American economic aid and diplomatic recognition in exchange for which North Vietnam would cease trying to overthrow the government of South Vietnam. Seaborn also warned that North Vietnam would suffer the "greatest devastation" from American bombing, saying that Johnson was seriously considering a strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam. Little came of the backchannel of the "Seaborn Mission" as the North Vietnamese distrusted Seaborn, who pointedly was never allowed to meet Hồ. 4188:

had been assured that the Communists were "on the ropes". The optimistic spin that the American military command had sustained for years was no longer credible. The bombing of North Vietnam and the Hồ Chí Minh trail was halted, and American and Vietnamese negotiators held discussions on how the war might be ended. From then on, Hồ Chí Minh and his government's strategy materialized: Hanoi's terms would eventually be accepted not by engaging in conventional warfare against the might of the United States Army, but by wearing down American resolve through a prolonged guerilla conflict.

4140:. On 8–9 April 1965, Hồ made a secret visit to Beijing to meet Mao Zedong. It was agreed that no Chinese combat troops would enter North Vietnam unless the United States invaded North Vietnam, but that China would send support troops to North Vietnam to help maintain the infrastructure damaged by American bombing. There was deep distrust and fear of China within the North Vietnamese Politburo and the suggestion that Chinese troops, even support troops, be allowed into North Vietnam caused outrage in the Politburo. Hồ had to use all his moral authority to obtain Politburo's approval. 4256: 10928: 4496: 10565: 17054: 3940: 4084:, the Polish Commissioner to the ICC; Roger Lalouette, the French ambassador to South Vietnam; and Giovanni d'Orlandi, the Italian ambassador to South Vietnam. Maneli reported that Hồ was very interested in the signs of a split between President Diệm and President Kennedy and that his attitude was: "Our real enemies are the Americans. Get rid of them, and we can cope with Diệm and Nhu afterward". Hồ and Maneli also discussed the Ho Chi Minh Trail, which passed through officially neutral Cambodia and Laos, saying "Indochina is just one single entity". 4195:, a former French official in Vietnam who knew Hồ secretly relayed a letter written to him from President Richard Nixon. Nixon's letter proposed working together to end this "tragic war", but also warned that if North Vietnam made no concessions at the peace talks in Paris by 1 November, Nixon would resort to "measures of great consequence and force". Hồ's reply letter, which Nixon received on 30 August 1969, welcomed peace talks with the U.S. to look for a way to end the war but made no concessions, as Nixon's threats made no impression on him. 1631: 4587:, who supposedly incarnated again on earth as Hồ Chí Minh. Today, Hồ Chí Minh as the Jade Emperor is supposed to speak from the spirit world through Spiritualist mediums. The first such medium was one Madam Lang in the 1990s, but the cult acquired a significant number of followers through another medium, Madam Xoan. She established on 1 January 2001 the Đạo Ngọc Phật Hồ Chí Minh (the Way of Hồ Chí Minh as the Jade Buddha), also known as Đạo Bác Hồ (the Way of Uncle Hồ) at đền Hòa Bình (the Peace Temple) in Chí Linh-Sao Đỏ district of 4682: 3501: 4448: 15899: 1159: 17042: 4163:, the American ambassador to South Vietnam, with an offer from Hồ. Hồ's offer for a "political compromise" as transmitted by Lewandowski included allowing South Vietnam to maintain its alliance with the U.S., instead of becoming neutral; having the Việt Cộng "take part" in negotiations for a coalition government, instead of being allowed to automatically enter a coalition government; and allowing a "reasonable calendar" for the withdrawal of American troops instead of an immediate withdrawal. 4436: 17006: 12959: 3275: 10680: 10623: 10263: 10231: 4092:, the younger brother and right-hand man to Diệm to discuss the French peace plan. It remains unclear if the Ngo brothers were serious about the French peace plan or were merely using the possibility of accepting it to blackmail the United States into supporting them at a time when the Buddhist crisis had seriously strained relations between Saigon and Washington. Supporting the latter theory is the fact that Nhu promptly leaked his meeting with Maneli to the American columnist 3352: 696: 17030: 3287: 10765: 10197: 4204: 10825: 10351: 17066: 10516: 10147: 1832:, and was a founding member of the French Communist Party. Taking a position in the Colonial Committee of the party, he tried to draw his comrades' attention towards people in French colonies including Indochina, but his efforts were often unsuccessful. While living in Paris, he reportedly had a relationship with a dressmaker named Marie Brière. As a French police document discovered in 2018, Quốc also had relations with the members of 1901: 3375: 4625: 752: 10800: 17018: 12971: 3299: 716: 10326: 4026:. It allowed the North to send manpower and material to the Việt Cộng with much less exposure to South Vietnamese forces, achieving a considerable advantage. To counter the accusation that North Vietnam was violating the Geneva Accord, the independence of the Việt Cộng was stressed in communist propaganda. North Vietnam created the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam in December 1960 as a " 717: 1793:

stated that 1919 was a lost "Wilsonian moment", where the future Hồ Chí Minh could have adopted a pro-American and less radical position if only President Wilson had received him. However, at the time of the Versailles Conference, Hồ Chí Minh was committed to a socialist program. While the conference was ongoing, Nguyễn Ái Quốc was already delivering speeches on the prospects of

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forces to receive additional supplies which would allow them to escalate the fight against the French regime throughout Indochina. At the outset of the conflict, Hồ reportedly told a French visitor: "You can kill ten of my men for every one I kill of yours. But even at those odds, you will lose and I will win". In 1954, the First Indochina War came to an end after the decisive

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but its social prestige was "essentially destroyed." In the political sphere, the puppet son of heaven (which had been weakly represented by the Bảo Đại) was replaced by the people's republic. Orthodox materialism accorded no place to heaven, gods, or other supernatural forces. Socialist collectivism undermined the tradition of the Confucian family leader (

720: 1397:'s life before he came to power in Vietnam are uncertain. He is known to have used between 50 and 200 pseudonyms. Information on his birth and early life is ambiguous and subject to academic debate. At least four existing official biographies vary on names, dates, places, and other hard facts while unofficial biographies vary even more widely. 719: 3770:. Mus was a supporter of French colonialism in Vietnam and Hồ Chí Minh believed there was no danger of Chinese troops staying in Vietnam. The Vietnamese at the time were busy spreading anti-French propaganda as evidence of French atrocities in Vietnam emerged, while Hồ Chí Minh showed no qualms about accepting Chinese aid after 1949. 4286:). In many state official visits to the Soviet Union and China, he often talked directly to their communist leaders without interpreters, especially about top-secret information. While being interviewed by Western journalists, he used French. His Vietnamese had a strong accent from his birthplace in the central province of 4360:, the North Vietnamese government originally delayed announcing Hồ's death until 3 September. A week of mourning for his death was decreed nationwide in North Vietnam from 4 to 11 September 1969. His funeral was attended by about 250,000 people and 5,000 official guests, which included many international mourners. 4242:(Vietnamese writing system in Latin characters) to eliminate illiteracy. Hồ started to create more poems in the modern Vietnamese language for dissemination to a wider range of readers. From when he became president until the appearance of serious health problems, a short poem of his was regularly published in the 6894: 11627: 11622: 4136:, later to take on most of the fight as "ore and more American troops were put in to replace Saigon troops who could not or would not, get involved in the fighting". As fighting escalated, widespread aerial and artillery bombardment all over North Vietnam by the United States Air Force and Navy began with 4183:

rather than reinforcing their comrades' ranks in the South. Hồ seems to have agreed to Thanh's offensive because he wanted to see Vietnam reunified within his lifetime, and the increasingly ailing Hồ was painfully aware that he did not have much time left. With Hồ's permission, the Việt Cộng planned a

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Hồ Chí Minh's marriage has long been swathed in secrecy and mystery. He is believed by several scholars of Vietnamese history, to have married Zeng Xueming in October 1926, although only being able to live with her for less than a year. Historian Peter Neville claimed that Hồ (at the time known as Ly

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that would commence on 31 January 1968, to take much of the South by force and deal a heavy blow to the American military. The offensive was executed at great cost and with heavy casualties on Việt Cộng's political branches and armed forces. The scope of the action shocked the world, which until then

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To counter the American bombing, the entire population of North Vietnam was mobilized for the war effort, with vast teams of women being used to repair the damage to roads and bridges done by the aerial bombers, often at a speed that astonished the Americans. The bombing of North Vietnam proved to be

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According to Chen Jian, during the mid-to-late 1960s, Lê Duẩn permitted 320,000 Chinese volunteers into North Vietnam to help build infrastructure for the country, thereby freeing a similar number of PAVN personnel to go south. There are no sources from Vietnam, the United States, or the Soviet Union

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in London, Hồ was reported as dead in 1932 to avoid a French extradition agreement; it was ruled that, though he would be deported from Hong Kong as an undesirable, it would not be to a destination controlled by France. Hồ was eventually released and, disguised as a Chinese scholar, boarded a ship to

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Duiker argues many were to find the new ideology "congenial" precisely because of its similarities with the teachings of the old Master: "the belief in one truth, embodied in quasi-sacred texts"; in "an anointed elite, trained in an all-embracing doctrine and responsible for leading the broad masses

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In Vietnam, as in China, Communism presented itself as a root and branch rejection of Confucianism, condemned for its ritualism, inherent conservatism, and resistance to change. Once in power, the Vietnamese Communists may not have fought Confucianism "as bitterly as did their Chinese counterparts",

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As South Vietnam collapsed into factionalism and in-fighting while the Việt Cộng continued to win the war, it became increasingly apparent to President Lyndon Johnson that only American military intervention could save South Vietnam. Though Johnson did not wish to commit American forces until he had

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and later against the French bid to reoccupy the country (1946–1954). He was jailed in China by Chiang Kai-shek's local authorities before being rescued by Chinese Communists. Following his release in 1943, he returned to Vietnam. It was during this time that he began regularly using the name Hồ Chí

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independence movement. The Japanese occupation of Indochina that year, the first step toward an invasion of the rest of Southeast Asia, created an opportunity for patriotic Vietnamese. The so-called "men in black" were a 10,000-member guerrilla force that operated with the Việt Minh. He oversaw many

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in early 1930, he chaired a meeting with representatives from two Vietnamese communist parties to merge them into a unified organization, the Communist Party of Vietnam. He also founded the Indochinese Communist Party. In June 1931, Hồ was arrested in Hong Kong as part of a collaboration between the

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movement at home in Vietnam. Since Thành was the public face behind the publication of the document (although it was written by Phan Văn Trường), he soon became known as Nguyễn Ái Quốc, and first used the name in September during an interview with a Chinese newspaper correspondent. Many authors have

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At a meeting in Hanoi held in French, Hồ told Goburdhun that Diệm was "in his way a patriot", noting that Diệm had opposed French rule over Vietnam, and ended the meeting saying that the next time Goburdhun met Diệm "shake hands with him for me". The North Vietnamese Premier Phạm Văn Đồng, speaking

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In 1963, Hồ purportedly corresponded with South Vietnamese President Diệm in hopes of achieving a negotiated peace. During the so-called "Maneli Affair" of 1963, a French diplomatic initiative was launched to achieve a federation of the two Vietnams, which would be neutral in the Cold War. The four

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In July 1967, Hồ Chí Minh and most of the Politburo of the Communist Party met in a high-profile conference, where they concluded that the war had fallen into a stalemate. The American military presence forced the PAVN to expend the majority of their resources on maintaining the Hồ Chí Minh trail,

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a year later. Thanh expressed much concern about the Americans invading Laos to cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail, and to preempt this possibility, urged an all-out offensive to win the war with a sudden blow. Lê' Duẩn supported Thanh's plans, which were stoutly opposed by the Defense Minister, General Võ

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reported after visiting South Vietnam in December 1963 that "there is no organized government worthy of the name" in Saigon. At a meeting of the plenum of the Politburo in December 1963, Lê Duẩn's "South first" faction triumphed, with the Politburo passing a resolution calling for North Vietnam to

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and Phạm Văn Đồng often shared dinner with Hồ, and all of them remained key figures throughout and after the war. In the early 1960s, the North Vietnamese Politburo was divided into the "North First" faction which favored focusing on the economic development of North Vietnam, and the "South First"

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as punishment for an infraction. His father was eligible to serve in the imperial bureaucracy, but he refused because it meant serving the French. This exposed Thành (Hồ) to rebellion at a young age and seemed to be the norm for the province. Nevertheless, he received a French education, attending

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Diệm had followed a policy of "deconstructing the state" by creating several overlapping agencies and departments that were encouraged to feud with one another to disorganize the South Vietnamese state to such an extent that he hoped that it would make a coup against him impossible. When Diệm was

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to become the next party leader. This was interpreted by Western analysts as a loss of influence for Hồ, who was said to have preferred the more moderate Võ Nguyên Giáp for the position. From 1959 onward, the elderly Hồ became increasingly worried about the prospect of his death, and that year he

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in Moscow after the Soviet Union recognized his government. They all agreed that China would be responsible for backing the Việt Minh. Mao Zedong's emissary to Moscow stated in August that China planned to train 60,000–70,000 Viet Minh shortly. The road to the outside world was open for Việt Minh

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By the afternoon of 20 July 1954, the remaining outstanding issues were resolved as the parties agreed that the partition line should be at the 17th parallel and the elections for a reunified government should be held in July 1956, two years after the ceasefire. The Agreement on the Cessation of

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staged a campaign to convince Northerners to move to South Vietnam. The campaign was particularly focused on Vietnam's Catholics, who were to provide Diệm's power base in his later years, with the use of the slogan "God has gone south". Between 800,000 and 1 million people migrated to the South,

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Because he was in exile for nearly 30 years, Hồ could speak fluently as well as read and write professionally in several different languages, including French, Russian, English, Cantonese and Mandarin, as well as his mother tongue Vietnamese. In addition, he was reported to speak conversational

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Thus the number of 13,500 executed people seems to be a low-end estimate of the real number. This is corroborated by Edwin Moise in his recent paper "Land Reform in North Vietnam, 1953–1956" presented at the 18th Annual Conference on SE Asian Studies, Center for SE Asian Studies, University of

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Ton That Thien 18, 1890 is the most likely year of his birth. There is troubling conflicting evidence, however. When he was arrested in Hong Kong in 1931, he attested in court documents that he was 36. The passport he used to enter Russia in 1921 also gave the year 1895 as his birth date. His

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only strengthened the belief that France had no intention of allowing an autonomous, independent state in Vietnam. The attack reportedly killed more than 6,000 Vietnamese civilians in Haiphong. French forces marched into Hanoi, now the capital city of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. On 19

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did not rival the Party outside of the major cities, but particularly in the South, in Saigon-Cochinchina, they had been a challenge. From the outset, they had called for armed resistance to a French restoration and an immediate transfer of industry to workers and land to peasants. The French

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officially recommended that its member states "join in the commemoration of the centenary of the birth of President Hồ Chí Minh by organizing various events as a tribute to his memory", considering "the important and many-sided contributions of President Hồ Chí Minh to the fields of culture,

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that confirm the number of Chinese troops stationed in North Vietnam. However, the Chinese government later admitted to sending 320,000 Chinese soldiers to Vietnam during the 1960s and spent over $ 20 billion to support Hanoi's regular North Vietnamese Army and Việt Cộng guerrilla units.

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which occurred after World War II. As a communist, he was one of the few international figures who were relatively well regarded in the West, and did not face the same extent of international criticism as much as other Communist rulers and factions, even winning praise for his actions.

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and offered to provide intelligence, asking only for "a line of communication" between his Viet Minh and the Allies. The OSS agreed to this and later sent a military team of OSS members to train his men and Hồ Chí Minh himself was treated for malaria and dysentery by an OSS doctor.

3428:(Tăng Tuyết Minh), whom he married on 18 October 1926. When his comrades objected to the match, he told them: "I will get married despite your disapproval because I need a woman to teach me the language and keep house". She was 21 and he was 36. They married in the same place where 3656:

Following the August Revolution organized by the Việt Minh, Hồ Chí Minh became Chairman of the Provisional Government (Premier of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and issued a Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Although he convinced Emperor

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During this period, he began to write journal articles and short stories as well as run his Vietnamese nationalist group. In May 1922, he wrote an article for a French magazine criticizing the use of English words by French sportswriters. The article implored Prime Minister

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which published selected works and articles of Hồ Chí Minh in English also highlighted Hồ Chí Minh's interpretation and beliefs in socialism and communism, and in fighting against what he perceived to be evils stemming from capitalism, colonialism, and imperialism.

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Hồ Chí Minh remained in Hanoi during his final years, demanding the unconditional withdrawal of all non-Vietnamese troops from South Vietnam. By 1969, with negotiations still dragging on, his health began to deteriorate from multiple health problems, including

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challenged the authenticity of the alleged quote where Hồ Chí Minh said he "would rather smell French shit for five years than eat Chinese shit for a thousand," noting that Stanley Karnow provided no source for the extended quote attributed to him in his 1983

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which prevented him from participating in further active politics. However, he insisted that his forces in the South continue fighting until all of Vietnam was reunited regardless of the length of time that it might take, believing that time was on his side.

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His early life is uncertain but there are some documents indicating activities regarding an early revolutionary spirit during French-occupied Vietnam, but conflicting sources remain. Previously, it was believed that Thành (Hồ) was involved in an anti-slavery

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concluded the war between France and the Việt Minh, allowing the latter's forces to regroup in the North whilst anti-Communist groups settled in the South. Hồ's Democratic Republic of Vietnam relocated to Hanoi and became the government of North Vietnam, a

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proposed elections under the supervision of "local commissions". The United States, with the support of Britain and the Associated States of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, suggested United Nations supervision. This plan was rejected by Soviet representative

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in Shanghai back to China in exchange for withdrawing from northern Indochina, he had no choice but to sign an agreement with France on 6 March 1946 in which Vietnam would be recognized as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the

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compelled Hồ to leave for Hong Kong, and his relationship with Zeng appeared to have ended at that time. In addition to the marriage with Zeng Xueming, there is a number of published studies indicating that Hồ had a romantic relationship with

3546:. In this period Hồ reportedly lost his positions in the Comintern because of a concern that he had betrayed the organization. However, according to Ton That Thien's research, he was a member of the inner circle of the Comintern, a protégé of 4331:. As a young and high-spirited female revolutionary, Minh Khai was delegated to Hong Kong to serve as an assistant to Ho Chi Minh in April 1930 and quickly drew Hồ's attention owing to her physical attractiveness. Hồ even approached the 3679:

In 1946, when he traveled outside of the country, his subordinates imprisoned 2,500 non-Communist nationalists and forced 6,000 others to flee. Hundreds of political opponents were jailed or exiled in July 1946, notably, members of the

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and requested permission to marry Minh Khai even though the previous marriage with Zeng remained legally valid. However, the marriage was unable to take place since Minh Khai had been detained by the British authorities in April 1931.

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Nguyên Giáp, who preferred to continue with guerrilla war, arguing that superior American firepower would ensure the failure of Thanh's proposed offensive. With the Politburo divided, it was agreed to study and debate the issue more.

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wrote down his will. Hồ stepped down as General Secretary of the Vietnam Communist party in September 1960 and Lê Duẩn was officially named party leader, leaving Hồ to function in a secondary role as head of state and member of the

11347: 3794:, Hồ Chí Minh had replied, "with unfeigned emotion," that "'Thâu was a great patriot and we mourn him', but then a moment later added in a steady voice 'All those who do not follow the line which I have laid down will be broken.'" 11382: 11362: 4096:, who publicized it in a column entitled "Very Ugly Stuff". The possibility that the Ngo brothers might accept the peace plan contributed to the Kennedy administration's plan to support a coup against them. On 1 November 1963, 4238:. This poetry chronicle is Vietnam National Treasure No. 10 and was translated into many languages. It is used in Vietnamese high schools. After Vietnam gained independence from France, the new government exclusively promoted 3797:

The Communists eventually suppressed all non-Communist parties, but they failed to secure a peace deal with France. In the final days of 1946, after a year of diplomatic failure and many concessions in agreements, such as the

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With the outcome of the Vietnam war still in question, Hồ Chí Minh died of heart failure at his home in Hanoi at 9:47 on the morning of 2 September 1969; he was 79 years old. His embalmed body is currently on display in the

3915:. Following the Geneva Accords, there was to be a 300-day period in which people could freely move between the two regions of Vietnam, later known as South Vietnam and North Vietnam. During the 300 days, Ngô Đình Diệm and 1757:. They had been publishing newspaper articles advocating for Vietnamese independence under the pseudonym Nguyễn Ái Quốc ("Nguyễn the Patriot") prior to Thành's arrival in Paris. The group petitioned for recognition of the 11657: 11268: 4363:

Representatives from 40 countries and regions were also presented. During the mourning period, North Vietnam received more than 22,000 condolences letters from 20 organizations and 110 countries across the world, such as

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after a failed attempt to raise a coup against the Viet Minh government. All rival political parties were hereafter banned and local governments were purged to minimize opposition later on. However, it was noted that the

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education and the arts" who "devoted his whole life to the national liberation of the Vietnamese people, contributing to the common struggle of peoples for peace, national independence, democracy, and social progress".

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in Paris where he mentioned working at the Omni Parker House Hotel. Inquiries to the Parker House management revealed no records of his ever having worked there. It is believed that while in the US he made contact with

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At the end of 1959, aware that the planned national elections would never be held and that Diệm intended to purge opposing forces (mostly ex-Việt Minh) from South Vietnamese society, Hồ Chí Minh informally chose

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delivered a "unilateral declaration" of the United States position, reiterating: "We shall seek to achieve unity through free elections supervised by the United Nations to ensure that they are conducted fairly".

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Hostilities in Vietnam was only signed by the French and Việt Minh military commands, with no participation or consultation of the State of Vietnam. Based on a proposal by Chinese delegation head Zhou Enlai, an

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Busts, statues, and memorial plaques and exhibitions are displayed in destinations on his extensive world journey in exile from 1911 to 1941 including France, the United Kingdom, Russia, China, and Thailand.

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on behalf of Hồ, told Maneli he was interested in the peace plan, saying that just as long as the American advisers left South Vietnam "we can agree with any Vietnamese". On 2 September 1963, Maneli met with

3754:. The agreement soon broke down. The purpose of the agreement, for both the French and Vietminh, was for Chiang's army to leave North Vietnam. Fighting broke out in the North soon after the Chinese left. 16210: 6824: 17188: 3893:

Arthur Dommen estimates that the Việt Minh killed between 100,000 and 150,000 civilians during the war. Benjamin Valentino estimates that the French were responsible for 60,000–250,000 civilian deaths.

1456:; and another brother (Nguyễn Sinh Nhuận), who died in infancy. As a young child, Cung (Hồ) studied with his father before more formal classes with a scholar named Vương Thúc Quý. He quickly mastered 11835: 10909: 17183: 17178: 5678: 4693:

Many activists and musicians wrote songs about Hồ Chí Minh and his revolution in different languages during the Vietnam War to demonstrate against the United States. Spanish songs were composed by

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The Vietnamese government's attempts to immortalize Hồ Chí Minh were also met with significant controversies and opposition. The regime is sensitive to anything that might question the official

4104:

overthrown and killed, without any kind of arbiter between the rival arms of the South Vietnamese state, regime authority in South Vietnam promptly disintegrated. The American Defense Secretary

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faction, which favored a guerrilla war in South Vietnam to reunite the country within the short term. Between 1961 and 1963, 40,000 Communist soldiers infiltrated South Vietnam from the North.

11101: 4268:. In the 1920s, he was bureau chief/editor of many newspapers which he established to criticize French Colonial Government of Indochina and serving communist propaganda purposes. Examples are 11243: 1619: 8157: 3450:. A source states that he later claimed he did it because he expected Châu's trial to stir up anti-French sentiment and because he needed the money to establish a communist organization. In 10791: 10317: 11735: 3722:

Following Emperor Bảo Đại's abdication in August, Hồ Chí Minh read the Declaration of Independence of Vietnam on 2 September 1945 under the name of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. In

1594:. The only evidence that he was in the United States is a single letter to French colonial administrators dated 15 December 1912 and postmarked New York City (he gave his address as the 10894: 4167:, as the Lewandowski channel came to be codenamed, almost led to American-North Vietnamese talks in Warsaw in December 1966; but such plans ultimately collapsed over the bombing issue. 4006:

As early as June 1956, the idea of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government was presented at a Politburo meeting. In 1959, Hồ Chí Minh began urging the Politburo to send aid to the

4322:

Thuy) wanted to engage Zeng in the communist movements but she demonstrated a lack of ability and interest in it. In 1927, the mounting repression of Chiang Kai-shek's KMT against the

3703: 15985: 14348: 12045: 11485: 9668: 6512: 3454:, William Duiker considered this hypothesis, but ultimately rejected it. Other sources claim that Nguyễn Thượng Huyện was responsible for Chau's capture. Chau, sentenced to lifetime 16170: 16126: 4721:

produced "The Ballad of Ho Chi Minh" in 1954, describing "a man who is the father of the Indo-Chinese people, And his name is Ho Chi Minh." Russian songs about him were written by

4488:. His image is featured in many public buildings and schoolrooms, and other displays of reverence. There is at least one temple dedicated to him, built in then Việt Cộng-controlled 1324: 849: 11281: 16000: 1730:. Thành claimed to have arrived in Paris from London in 1917, but the French police had only documents recording his arrival in June 1919. When he arrived, he met a scholar named 17143: 11667: 11217: 2641: 2482: 1743: 1820:

A 1920 security report by the French Indochinese government on Nguyễn Tất Thành listing his aliases, places of residence, his father's occupation, as well as other information.

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He was not initially replaced as president; instead, a "collective leadership" composed of several ministers and military leaders took over, known as the Politburo. During

11125: 2636: 2631: 2626: 9785: 6517: 4819:, much of it originally written in French, highlights his views on the oppression of peoples from colonialism and imperialism in 20 written articles. Other books such as 16196: 10027: 10072: 8209: 4583:

A completely different form of the cult of Hồ Chí Minh (and one tolerated by the government with uneasiness) is his identification in Vietnamese folk religion with the

3633:: Chí meaning "will" or "spirit" and Minh meaning "bright"). His new name was a tribute to General Hou Zhiming (侯志明), Chief Commissar of the 4th Military Region of the 10039: 10015: 9554: 7322: 11781: 11776: 11445: 11253: 11137: 1485: 3481:, Thailand, arriving in July 1928. "Although we have been separated for almost a year, our feelings for each other do not have to be said to be felt", he reassured 11846: 11826: 11821: 11816: 11771: 11407: 11402: 11397: 11392: 8031: 3890:, where more than 10,000 French soldiers surrendered to the Viet Minh. The subsequent Geneva Accords peace process partitioned North Vietnam at the 17th parallel. 3781:

The Việt Minh then collaborated with French colonial forces to massacre supporters of rival Vietnamese nationalist movements in 1945–1946, and of the Trotskyists.

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and Hồ Chí Minh became acquainted when they stayed at the same hotel in Paris. He offered Ben-Gurion a Jewish home-in-exile in Vietnam, which Ben-Gurion declined.

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outlined before the peace accords, they requested the allied powers to end French colonial rule of Vietnam and ensure the formation of an independent government.

16041: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11387: 11377: 11372: 11367: 4484:). Although Hồ Chí Minh wished for his body to be cremated and his ashes spread to North, Central, and South Vietnam, the body instead is embalmed on view in a 11065: 4602:(2000) was candid on the matter of Hồ Chí Minh's liaisons. The government sought cuts in the Vietnamese translation and banned distribution of an issue of the 3693:'s first Congress had over two-thirds of its members come from non-Việt Minh political factions, some without an election. Nationalist Party of Vietnam leader 3416:

In 1925–1926, he organized "Youth Education Classes" and occasionally gave socialist lectures to Vietnamese revolutionary young people living in Canton at the

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on 30 April 1975, several PAVN tanks displayed a poster with those same words on it. The day after the battle ended, on 1 May, veteran Australian journalist

1977: 204: 3927:

All the parties at Geneva called for reunification elections, but they could not agree on the details. Recently appointed Việt Minh acting foreign minister

1432:. Although 1890 is generally accepted as his birth year, at various times he used four other birth years: 1891, 1892, 1894 and 1895. He lived in his father 13965: 10916: 10504: 8333: 4591:

province. She then founded the Peace Society of Heavenly Mediums (Đoàn đồng thiên Hòa Bình). Reportedly, the movement had around 24,000 followers by 2014.

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Nguyen Khac Vien, saw definite parallels between Confucian and party discipline, between the traditional scholar gentry and Hồ Chí Minh's party cadres.

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While working as the cook's helper on a ship in 1912, Thành (Hồ) traveled to the United States. From 1912 to 1913, he may have lived in New York City (

3533:; scheduled to be deported back to French Indochina, Hồ was successfully defended by British solicitor Frank Loseby. Eventually, after appeals to the 1400:

Aside from being a politician, Hồ was a writer, poet, and journalist. He wrote several books, articles, and poems in Chinese, Vietnamese, and French.

1372:, which lasted from 1955 to 1975. Hồ officially stepped down from power in 1965 due to health problems and died in 1969. North Vietnam was ultimately 11559: 11554: 11549: 11544: 11539: 11455: 11450: 5416: 4259:

Hồ Chí Minh watching a football game in his favorite fashion, with his closest comrade Prime Minister Phạm Văn Đồng seated to Hồ's left (photo right)

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at a young age. Before the August Revolution, he often wrote poetry in Chữ Hán (the Vietnamese name for the Chinese writing system). One of those is

3465:'s 1927 anti-communist coup, Quốc (Hồ) left Canton again in April 1927 and returned to Moscow, spending part of the summer of 1927 recuperating from 1607:, an experience that developed his political outlook. Sophie Quinn-Judge states that this is "in the realm of conjecture". He was also influenced by 7974:

See also R. Peerenboom (2001).'Globalization, path dependency and the limits of the law: administrative law reform and the rule of law in the PRC',

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immediately attacked. They assaulted the French positions, smoking them out with straw bundled with chili pepper, destroying armored vehicles with

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McMaster, H.R. (1997) "Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, The Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies that Led to Vietnam", p. 35.

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of unified Vietnam revealed the change, along with changes which were made to his original will, and it revised the date of death to 2 September.

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In his application to the French Colonial School – "Nguyen Tat Thanh, born 1892 at Vinh, son of Mr. Nguyen Sinh Huy (sub doctor in literature)"

4635: 10482: 9658: 9381: 1872:, who would soon sponsor his trip to the Soviet Union and under whose tutelage he would become a high-ranking member of the Soviet Comintern. 17318: 15835: 11521: 11298: 11207: 10113: 10003: 9356: 8178: 3745:, to dissolve the Communist Party and to hold an election that would yield a coalition government. When Chiang forced the French to give the 3090: 8227: 5590: 17283: 15744: 9489: 2970: 2933: 2621: 2004: 136: 10082: 3446:, the famous leader of a rival revolutionary faction and his father's old friend, to French Secret Service agents in Shanghai for 100,000 16005: 15718: 14605: 11437: 11202: 6213: 5045: 4799:

100) in 1998. His thought and revolution inspired many leaders and people on a global scale in Asia, Africa and Latin America during the

4060: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 406: 11167: 7705:, p. 34. Quote: "In fact, Minh Khai managed to gain the attention of Nguyen Ai Quoc whom she married in late 1930 or early 1931.". 4576:

This "congeniality" with Confucian tradition was remarked on by Nguyen Khac Vien, a leading Hanoi intellectual of the 1960s and 70s. In

3420:. These young people would become the seeds of a new revolutionary, pro-communist movement in Vietnam several years later. According to 1574:

but did not succeed. He instead decided to begin traveling the world by working on ships and visiting many countries from 1911 to 1917.

17298: 17228: 17153: 15708: 7852: 4400: 4022:, and used 30,000 men to build a network of supply and reinforcement routes running through Laos and Cambodia that became known as the 3393:

In 1923, Quốc (Hồ) left Paris for Moscow carrying a passport with the name Chen Vang, a Chinese merchant, where he was employed by the

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New Religions and State's Response to Religious Diversification in Contemporary Vietnam: Tensions from the Reinvention of the Sacred

7532: 17328: 17273: 17163: 15749: 13782: 12735: 12040: 11248: 10497: 10096: 7552: 4768:, as many as 20 countries across Asia, Europe, America and Africa have erected monuments or statues in remembrance of Hồ Chí Minh. 4373: 4014:" on the South was approved at a session in January 1959, and this decision was confirmed by the Politburo in March. North Vietnam 2965: 1671: 3976: 1478:). He was demoted for abuse of power after an influential local figure died several days after having received 102 strokes of the 16135: 15185: 13829: 12683: 10128: 9739: 7919: 6303: 5786: 3681: 3244: 5387: 3964: 1182: 17128: 15678: 13950: 12284: 11889: 8530: 8497: 8038:, paper presented to the Norwegian Association of Development Studies, "State and Society in East Asia", 29 April – 2 May 1993. 7560: 6238: 5592:

Encyclopedia of the Sixties: A Decade of Culture and Counterculture [2 volumes]: A Decade of Culture and Counterculture

5246: 4760:, renamed Harrington Street to Ho Chi Minh Sarani, which is also the location of the consulate general of the United States in 2893: 2477: 2146: 1722:

From 1919 to 1923, Thành (Hồ) began to show an interest in politics while living in France, being influenced by his friend and

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Pham, Duy Nghia (2005). "4 Confucianism and the conception of the law in Vietnam". In Gillespie, John; Nicholson, Pip (eds.).

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Many authors writing on Vietnam argued on the question of whether Hồ Chí Minh was fundamentally a nationalist or a Communist.

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Between 1953 and 1956, the North Vietnamese government instituted various agrarian reforms, including "rent reduction" and "

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December 1946, after the Haiphong incident, Hồ Chí Minh declared war against the French Union, marking the beginning of the

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to accept the surrender of the Japanese occupiers in northern Indochina. Hồ Chí Minh made a compromise with their general,

3685: 3095: 2923: 2888: 2828: 2569: 2514: 2499: 1344: 1091: 8334:"Foreign scholars highlights values of President Ho Chi Minh's writings on anti-racism | Society | Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)" 7822: 3485:

in an intercepted letter. In this period, he served as a senior agent undertaking Comintern activities in Southeast Asia.

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His father was a Confucian scholar and teacher and later an imperial magistrate in the small remote district of Binh Khe (

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Centre des archives d'Outre-mer (Aix)/Gouvernement General de l'Indochine /Fonds Residence Superieure d'Annam /carton R1

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The North Vietnamese government initially announced his death on 3 September in order to prevent it from coinciding with

4466: 4332: 4309:) included reading, gardening, feeding fish (many of which are still living), and visiting schools and children's homes. 4302: 4174:, the commander of communist forces in South Vietnam, returned to Hanoi to present a plan that became the genesis of the 3151: 3075: 3050: 2948: 2928: 13362: 13290: 8026: 5628: 3924:

mostly Catholics. At the start of 1955, French Indochina was dissolved, leaving Diệm in temporary control of the South.

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won the 1964 election, he decided to make his intentions clear to Hanoi. In June 1964, the "Seaborn Mission" began as

1464:

while honing his colloquial Vietnamese writing. In addition to his studies, he was fond of adventure and loved to fly

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In early 1969, Hồ suffered a heart attack and was in increasingly bad health for the rest of the year. In July 1969,

4015: 3410: 3182: 2943: 2918: 2913: 2791: 2779: 1952: 1086: 983: 932: 910: 13458: 9891: 7759: 17313: 14590: 14585: 14080: 14043: 13772: 13218: 12834: 12264: 11894: 6413: 3953: 3726:, with violence between rival Vietnamese factions and French forces increasing, the British commander, General Sir 2985: 2908: 2766: 1748: 1377: 891: 827: 14268: 14130: 13814: 10564: 4776: 4427:

reported that "When the North Vietnamese marched into Saigon yesterday, they were led by a man who wasn't there".

4033: 3402: 1813:, Quốc (Hồ) was said to have burst into tears and said “a country with a citizen like this will never surrender”. 17223: 15310: 14691: 14620: 14520: 14398: 14170: 14160: 13747: 13134: 12274: 12095: 10537: 10168: 9259: 9092: 6152: 5978: 4235: 3496:. This plaque in Via Pasubio, on the left next to "Antica Trattoria Della Pesa", remembers one of his workplaces. 3128: 2980: 2953: 2938: 2801: 2068: 16595: 14085: 13972: 13960: 12607: 5734: 17303: 17268: 17238: 17168: 17123: 16159: 14741: 14510: 14090: 13992: 13725: 13169: 13164: 12896: 10512: 10187: 9815: 8898: 8608: 8580: 3690: 3488: 2995: 2843: 2833: 2756: 2718: 2494: 1254: 915: 14410: 14140: 13651: 13423: 10396: 10143: 8892: 4128:. By March 1965, American combat troops began arriving in South Vietnam, first to protect the airbases around 15688: 14703: 14656: 14420: 14343: 14075: 12906: 12035: 10342: 7844: 5310: 4156: 3640: 2975: 2863: 2761: 1935: 1915: 1884: 43: 14135: 13844: 13767: 13438: 9395: 5306: 695: 17308: 17263: 15821: 14721: 14681: 14651: 14600: 14460: 14378: 14374: 14245: 14175: 13940: 13757: 13523: 13418: 13350: 12928: 12844: 12786: 12725: 12146: 12055: 10022: 9886: 4328: 3730:, declared martial law. On 24 September, the Việt Minh leaders responded with a call for a general strike. 3615: 3161: 3040: 2990: 2683: 2616: 2014: 1989: 1290: 1270: 1134: 886: 31: 16188: 3565:

armed forces. He was also the senior Comintern agent in charge of Asian affairs. He worked extensively in

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Yen Son. "Nguyen Ai Quoc, the Brilliant Champion of the Revolution." Thuong Tin Hanoi. 30 August 1945.

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Before the conference, the group sent their letter to allied leaders, including French Prime Minister

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In late 1964, the People's Army of Vietnam combat troops were sent southwest into officially neutral

2811: 1453: 1250: 925: 11173: 10807: 10727: 10444: 10414: 9344: 9214: 8962: 6113: 4030:", or political branch of the Việt Cộng, intended to encourage the participation of non-Communists. 2384: 1504: 16859: 16147: 15385: 14952: 14215: 14105: 13859: 13403: 11149: 10605: 10582: 10408: 9931: 9023: 8062: 6968: 4733: 4239: 3803: 3554:. Hồ was removed from control of the Party he had founded. Those who replaced him charged him with 3417: 3035: 2806: 2504: 2106: 2034: 1735: 920: 15125: 10986: 10742: 9770: 9643: 8241: 8117: 7877: 3661:

to abdicate, his government was not recognized by any country. He repeatedly petitioned President

1930: 1788:, but the episode would later help establish the future Hồ Chí Minh as the symbolic leader of the 1445: 1413: 601: 455: 14615: 14560: 14545: 14485: 14293: 14273: 14033: 13710: 13315: 12918: 12233: 12126: 11955: 11179: 11071: 10646: 9881: 9795: 9678: 9648: 8174: 4639: 4549: 4323: 3887: 3030: 3025: 3020: 2693: 2519: 2472: 1967: 1802: 1433: 1054: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 995: 990: 978: 973: 968: 963: 942: 636: 13518: 11185: 10641: 10587: 10572: 9830: 9800: 9780: 9603: 8089: 7769: 4511: 4171: 3835:

on the end of a pole, detonated by thrusting the charge against the side of a tank; typically a

3790:

recalls that when in Paris in 1946 he asked Hồ Chí Minh about the fate of the Trotskyist leader

1468:

and go fishing. Following Confucian tradition, his father gave him a new name at the age of 10:

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Hồ Chí Minh holding his goddaughter, baby Elizabeth (Babette) Aubrac, with Elizabeth's mother,

3989: 3903: 3863:. The person in question turned out to be a Việt Minh advisor who was killed trying to escape. 3555: 3530: 3060: 2279: 2194: 2049: 1762: 1571: 1357: 1298: 1081: 947: 807: 528: 276: 15928: 15918: 15615: 11089: 11016: 10872: 10679: 10622: 10308: 10288: 10275: 10262: 10230: 8777: 5827:"Death of MacSwiney had enormous significance as prisoners hunger strike drew global coverage" 5332: 4569: 4252:

newspaper to encourage his people in working, studying or fighting Americans in the new year.

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and that the original quote was most likely forged by the Frenchman Paul Mus in his 1952 book

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Ho Chi Minh declaring the independence of Vietnam from colonial powers and to be a free nation

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Ho Chi Minh's Blueprint for Revolution: In the Words of Vietnamese Strategists and Operatives

8707: 8422: 7572: 6532:"Lone Sentry: New Weapons for Jap Tank Hunters (U.S. WWII Intelligence Bulletin, March 1945)" 5826: 5309:[Introduction to documents related to President Ho Chi Minh's will] (in Vietnamese). 4485: 4346: 4279: 4255: 3782: 3080: 2703: 2339: 1957: 1947: 1683: 1663: 1559: 1310: 1139: 1109: 495: 11161: 10057: 9851: 5944: 4732:

Various places, boulevards, and squares are named after him around the world, especially in

3439: 2249: 1517:) demonstration of poor peasants in Huế in May 1908, which endangered his student status at 1408:

Hồ Chí Minh (胡志明) was born as Nguyễn Sinh Cung (阮生恭) in 1890 in the village of Làng Chùa or

646: 17108: 17103: 17098: 16672: 16026: 15933: 15868: 15180: 14947: 14802: 14756: 14671: 14666: 14465: 14364: 14313: 14308: 14200: 14155: 14110: 14048: 13879: 13854: 13804: 13732: 13646: 13496: 13098: 13077: 12818: 12808: 12745: 12740: 12637: 12617: 12238: 12228: 12210: 12015: 11919: 11095: 11022: 10847: 10842: 10636: 9911: 9588: 9425: 8308: 5417:"The little-known story of Vietnamese communist leader Ho Chi Minh's admiration for the US" 5121: 4833: 4737: 4560: 4396: 4287: 4223: 4160: 4077: 2774: 2698: 2668: 2399: 2039: 1900: 1892: 1785: 1331:. After the French returned to power the following month, Hồ's government retreated to the 1286: 1262: 1258: 1119: 1074: 1069: 864: 784: 16104: 10974: 10857: 9876: 9861: 9775: 8290: 7908:

John Gillespie, Pip Nicholson eds., Australian National University Press, pp. 76–90, 83–84

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As president, he held formal receptions for foreign heads of state and ambassadors at the

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for study. He had three siblings: his sister Bạch Liên (Nguyễn Thị Thanh), a clerk in the

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Behind the Bamboo Hedge: The Impact of Homeland Politics in Parisian Vietnamese Community

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to continue his revolutionary activities. He was also one of the founding members of the

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He sometimes went on-air to deliver important political messages and encourage soldiers.

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and gravel. After two months of fighting, the exhausted Việt Minh forces withdrew after

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Cold War Mandarin: Ngo Dinh Diem and the Origins of America's War in Vietnam, 1950–1963

8358: 8228:"Remembering Vietnam's late President Ho Chi Minh in foreign countries – Tuoi Tre News" 7942: 7784: 6876: 6801: 4588: 4541:). The socialist conception of social equality destroyed the Confucian views of class. 4220: 4215:

In addition to being a politician, Hồ Chí Minh was also a writer, journalist, poet and

4164: 3933: 2728: 2688: 2564: 2289: 1942: 1773: 1766: 1754: 1667: 1604: 1114: 16164: 15475: 15304: 12602: 11929: 11155: 10631: 10239: 10177: 9972: 9921: 9901: 9709: 9411: 9390: 7950: 3791: 3658: 2264: 1731: 766: 106: 17046: 16919: 16746: 16732: 16356: 16328: 16286: 16279: 16258: 16244: 15792: 15645: 15590: 15565: 15520: 15450: 15425: 15390: 15380: 15349: 15236: 15120: 15090: 14827: 14817: 14731: 14625: 14470: 14185: 13982: 13839: 13792: 13690: 13641: 13615: 13593: 13433: 13413: 13357: 13345: 13159: 12994: 12763: 12720: 12542: 12432: 12422: 12352: 12181: 12070: 12065: 12030: 12000: 10529: 10160: 9714: 9663: 9608: 9583: 9330: 9146: 9071: 9052: 9027: 8993: 8972: 8931: 8902: 8858: 8832: 8783: 8762: 8741: 8713: 8692: 8668: 8644: 8623: 8604: 8576: 8557: 8536: 8503: 8484: 8476: 8449: 8428: 8407: 8210:"Layers of History – Most Indian street names honor little men for the wrong reasons" 7932: 7568: 6880: 6793: 6531: 6334: 5596: 5340: 5273:"Phỏng vấn sử gia Vũ Ngự Chiêu về những nghiên cứu lịch sử liên quan đến Hồ Chí Minh" 4227: 4038: 4023: 4007: 3828: 3807: 3562: 3525: 3384: 2678: 2584: 2369: 2314: 2234: 2214: 2131: 2044: 1984: 1962: 1825: 1810: 1659: 1651: 1612: 1591: 1381: 1336: 1320: 896: 844: 15769: 15440: 12552: 12527: 12392: 10980: 9952: 9790: 9532: 3473:

before returning to Paris once more in November. He then returned to Asia by way of

2189: 1360:, with the Việt Minh in control of North Vietnam, and anti-communists in control of 17082: 17022: 17010: 16795: 16718: 16507: 16370: 16237: 16088: 16083: 15863: 15858: 15555: 15480: 15410: 15395: 15375: 15322: 15105: 15100: 15080: 15030: 15020: 14847: 14812: 14797: 14746: 14475: 14415: 14255: 13914: 13894: 13603: 13545: 13539: 13506: 13486: 13476: 13325: 13126: 13118: 12975: 12963: 12854: 12662: 12562: 12457: 12402: 12357: 12347: 12332: 12218: 12121: 12090: 10614: 10222: 9998: 9339: 9158: 8923: 7578: 6868: 6785: 6088: 4864: 4741: 4525:) and to be from "commercial families without a traditional Confucian background". 4369: 4114: 4046: 3981: 3944: 3840: 3806:, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam government found that war was inevitable. The 3742: 3673: 3666: 3649: 3582: 3547: 3303: 3279: 3234: 2658: 2439: 2419: 2274: 2269: 2254: 1925: 1920: 1869: 1385: 1332: 1294: 1104: 465: 10837: 10824: 10717: 10656: 10350: 9765: 9106: 5855: 4447: 3860: 3855:. Hồ was mistakenly reported to be captured by a group of French soldiers, led by 3787: 3500: 1742:(The Group of Vietnamese Patriots) that included Phan Chu Trinh, Phan Văn Trường, 1630: 585: 17053: 17034: 16968: 16961: 16827: 16711: 16697: 16581: 16514: 16451: 16423: 16388: 16349: 16093: 15774: 15630: 15620: 15605: 15585: 15570: 15545: 15490: 15255: 15223: 15115: 15075: 14837: 14832: 14772: 14713: 14445: 14323: 14150: 14115: 14023: 14018: 13742: 13636: 13310: 13243: 13233: 13198: 13154: 13141: 13093: 12487: 12427: 12417: 12412: 12342: 12111: 12085: 12060: 12020: 12010: 11985: 10651: 9962: 9578: 9186: 9127: 9042: 9017: 8987: 8966: 8917: 8826: 8756: 8686: 8662: 8638: 8551: 8513: 8443: 8401: 8161: 8035: 7906:

Asian Socialism and Legal Change: The dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform,

7539: 7528: 7520: 5937: 4785: 4500: 4469: 4405: 4216: 4152: 4105: 4011: 3920: 3912: 3662: 3543: 3462: 3433: 3291: 3259: 3239: 2601: 2299: 2259: 2244: 2239: 2061: 2056: 2019: 1994: 1675: 1425: 937: 13737: 10968: 7904:

Pham Duy Nghia (2005), "Confucianism and the conception of the law in Vietnam,"

6488:

Viet-nam 1920–1945: Révolution et Contre-révolution sous la domination coloniale

4681: 4063:. He nevertheless maintained considerable influence in the government. Lê Duẩn, 3697:

was named vice president. They also held four out of ten ministerial positions (

2359: 17070: 16933: 16905: 16891: 16887: 16637: 16616: 16602: 16553: 16307: 16300: 16251: 16078: 15600: 15525: 15515: 15510: 15370: 15110: 14899: 14822: 14550: 14455: 14205: 14145: 13777: 13695: 13598: 13558: 13528: 13428: 13383: 12803: 12657: 12597: 12567: 12452: 12447: 12367: 12362: 12337: 11990: 9988: 9926: 9182: 8658: 7921:

Asian Socialism and Legal Change: The dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform

7814: 7511: 5360: 4420: 4064: 3852: 3836: 3727: 3421: 3254: 3207: 3156: 2394: 2379: 2329: 2294: 2209: 2199: 2174: 2029: 1781: 1608: 1599: 1595: 1409: 1373: 17159:

General secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam

11004: 9524: 8183: 7946: 7592: 6872: 6027: 4996: 4951: 4706: 4702: 4055: 1457: 169: 17092: 16975: 16809: 16774: 16739: 16704: 16690: 16651: 16609: 16521: 16500: 16479: 16458: 16409: 16321: 16058: 16048: 15764: 15610: 15505: 15470: 15455: 15415: 14957: 14787: 14525: 14435: 14298: 14278: 14165: 13926: 13904: 13869: 13448: 13443: 13398: 13320: 13280: 13029: 12938: 12652: 12632: 12622: 12547: 12502: 12482: 12472: 12397: 12377: 11274: 10756: 10671: 10661: 10270: 10244: 9744: 9309: 9232: 8682: 8488: 6797: 4722: 4710: 4698: 4452: 4435: 4248: 4192: 4184: 4175: 3878: 3832: 3816: 3602: 3534: 3505: 3492:

Hồ Chí Minh worked as a cook all over the world from 1911 to 1928, including

2713: 2454: 2429: 2389: 2354: 2304: 2179: 2136: 2088: 2009: 1789: 1777: 1727: 1615: 1361: 1328: 1047: 837: 485: 16753: 9391:

Final Tribute to Hồ from the Central Committee of the Vietnam Workers' Party

8063:"The Writer's Life Stephen B. Young and Hoa Pham Young: Painting in Lacquer" 5280: 4784:

Hồ Chí Minh is considered one of the most influential leaders in the world.

3757:

Historian Professor Liam Kelley of the University of Hawaii at Manoa on his

2334: 1650:. He reportedly worked as either a chef or dishwasher (reports vary) at the 1570:, returning to Marseille in mid-September. There, he applied for the French 1147: 16898: 16873: 16845: 16813: 16760: 16725: 16644: 16493: 16430: 16395: 16265: 16218: 15550: 15500: 15430: 15420: 15274: 15262: 15249: 15055: 14882: 14383: 13631: 13481: 13340: 13335: 13330: 13036: 12849: 12642: 12592: 12587: 12577: 12557: 12512: 12507: 12492: 12382: 12317: 12116: 12075: 9704: 9280:

Confronting Vietnam: Soviet Policy Toward the Indochina Conflict, 1954–1963

8945: 8573:

Confronting Vietnam: Soviet Policy Toward the Indochina Conflict, 1954–1963

7251: 5893: 4726: 4718: 4584: 4424: 4208: 4093: 4027: 3867: 3751: 3699:

Government of the Union of Resistance of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

3611: 3607: 3539: 3466: 3455: 3425: 3229: 2878: 2818: 2611: 2589: 2414: 2324: 2229: 2073: 1758: 1550:, he applied to work as a kitchen helper on a French merchant steamer, the 1461: 1417: 1340: 550: 6395: 6278:

Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: a political, social, and military history

4489: 4306: 3432:

had married earlier and then lived in the residence of a Comintern agent,

1761:

of the Vietnamese people in French Indochina to the Western powers at the

1554:, using the alias Văn Ba. The ship departed on 5 June 1911 and arrived in 1436:'s village of Làng Sen in Kim Liên until 1895 when his father sent him to 17058: 16926: 16880: 16802: 16781: 16658: 16630: 16560: 16546: 16472: 16444: 16416: 16402: 16053: 15595: 15200: 15170: 15025: 15015: 14914: 14777: 14570: 14059: 13889: 13874: 13685: 13533: 13501: 13388: 13203: 13108: 13047: 12933: 12667: 12647: 12522: 12517: 12477: 12462: 12312: 11046: 10456: 9993: 9385: 8712:. Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. Taylor & Francis. 6114:"Ho Chi Minh Was Noted for Success in Blending Nationalism and Communism" 4843: 4753: 4714: 4595: 4522: 4298: 4219:. His father was a scholar and teacher who received a high degree in the 4001: 3811: 3551: 3517: 3222: 3212: 2873: 2853: 2673: 2663: 2579: 2434: 2344: 2319: 2284: 2078: 1837: 1679: 1655: 1639: 1638:

At various points from 1913 to 1919, Thành (Hồ) claimed to have lived in

1441: 1421: 1369: 956: 17174:

Members of the 1st Standing Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party

17029: 12046:"From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs" 9957: 9226: 9044:

Paths to Development in Asia: South Korea, Vietnam, China, and Indonesia

8927: 8817: 8737:

Embers of War: The fall of an Empire and the making of America's Vietnam

8184:"The Ballad of Ho Chi Minh – Ewan MacColl with the London Critics Group" 5809:

Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam

5206:"Vài vấn nạn lịch sử thế kỷ XX: Hồ Chí Minh – Nhà ngoại giao, 1945–1946" 4476:

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam still praises the legacy of Uncle Hồ (

4100:

overthrew Diệm, who was killed the next day together with his brother.

3389:, District 17, Paris indicates where Hồ Chí Minh lived from 1921 to 1923 3286: 1475: 17194:

Members of the 1st Central Committee of the Indochinese Communist Party

16947: 16866: 16788: 16665: 16574: 16567: 16465: 16314: 15354: 15065: 15035: 14989: 14904: 14872: 14864: 14807: 14495: 14210: 13899: 13787: 13393: 12537: 12532: 12442: 12437: 10325: 9326: 6805: 6773: 5519:

application to the Colonial School in Paris gave his birth year as 1892

4462: 4353:

in Hanoi, despite his will which stated that he wanted to be cremated.

4274: 4042: 4019: 3882: 3429: 3133: 3118: 2648: 2444: 2404: 2184: 1794: 1643: 659: 15813: 14008: 9967: 7252:"Vietnam Veterans Against the War: History of the U.S. War in Vietnam" 4203: 3630: 3627: 3620: 1702:

Nguyễn Ái Quốc's identity card issued by the French government in 1919

17204:

Members of the 3rd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

17199:

Members of the 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

16912: 16437: 16063: 15650: 15495: 15344: 15317: 15130: 15085: 14994: 14962: 14942: 14934: 14263: 14053: 12913: 12627: 12572: 12327: 12136: 11971: 9287:

Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam

8855:

Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam

7928: 5742: 4745: 4565: 4265: 3969: 3908: 3848: 3844: 3566: 3561:

In 1938, Quốc (Hồ) returned to China and served as an advisor to the

3406: 3394: 3217: 3202: 2349: 2151: 2111: 1853: 1841: 1555: 1304: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1000: 832: 6789: 4159:, the Polish Commissioner to the ICC, was able via d'Orlandi to see 1513: 16588: 16363: 15229: 15070: 14967: 14842: 14661: 14565: 13705: 13563: 13017: 12884: 12879: 12773: 12164: 8155:

The places where President Ho Chi Minh lived and worked in Thailand

7298:

Chen Jian. "China's Involvement in the Vietnam Conflict, 1964–69",

6926:"Từ chức, thôi chức và những lần sửa sai thời Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh" 6214:"Ben-gurion Reveals Suggestion of North Vietnam's Communist Leader" 4752:, the birthplace of Hồ Chí Minh). During the Vietnam War, the then- 4314: 4125: 3619:

Minh, a Vietnamese name combining a common Vietnamese surname (Hồ,

3521: 3474: 3374: 3123: 2606: 2424: 2126: 2121: 1828:

of the French Section of the Workers' International, voted for the

1563: 1449: 1217:; 19 May 1890 – 2 September 1969), colloquially known as 751: 59: 15986:

Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

14349:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

11264:

Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration

9669:

Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

8463:

Duncanson, Dennis J (1957). "Ho Chi Minh in Hong Kong 1931–1932".

6428: 4278:(Youth) first published on 21 June 1925 (21 June was named by The 3623:) with a given name meaning "Bright spirit" or "Clear will" (from 1495:

or secondary education) in Huế in Central Vietnam. His disciples,

1491: 1384:

in 1976. Saigon, the former capital of South Vietnam, was renamed

16982: 15923: 15175: 15060: 15050: 14999: 14540: 13285: 12159: 10816: 9563: 8359:"The Black Race by Ho Chi Minh by New Vietnam Publishing – Issuu" 4761: 4243: 4133: 4129: 3820: 3574: 3570: 3478: 3015: 2960: 2309: 2156: 1797:

in Asia and was attempting to persuade French socialists to join

1647: 1567: 1437: 16954: 16001:

The Vietnamese Revolution: Fundamental Problems, Essential Tasks

8804:

Moise, Edwin E. (1988). "Nationalism and Communism in Vietnam".

5154:

Dommen (2001), p.340 gives a lower estimate of 32,000 executions

4650: 1670:

are not supported by documentary evidence. However, the wall of

17189:

Members of the 2nd Secretariat of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

15243: 15045: 14984: 13919: 12307: 8242:"Time Magazine – U.S. Edition – April 13, 1998 Vol. 151 No. 14" 5954: 5874: 4808: 4757: 4381: 4365: 3824: 3799: 3777:

Võ Nguyên Giáp (left) with Hồ Chí Minh (right) in Hanoi in 1945

3723: 3578: 3512:

Quốc (Hồ) remained in Thailand, staying in the Thai village of

3470: 3366: 2141: 1687: 1682:. During 1913, Thành was also employed as a pastry chef on the 1587: 1583: 1547: 1479: 17017: 12970: 9132:

Ho Chi Minh on Revolution and War: Selected Writings 1920–1966

9019:

Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century

8919:

Deadly Paradigms: The Failure of U.S. Counterinsurgency Policy

5307:"Giới thiệu những tư liệu về Di chúc của Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh" 4881: 3711: 3550:

and a member in good standing of the Comintern throughout the

3298: 1678:

which now stands on the site of the Carlton Hotel, displays a

1598:

in Le Havre and his occupation as a sailor) and a postcard to

17184:

Members of the 3rd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

17179:

Members of the 2nd Politburo of the Workers' Party of Vietnam

15728: 15684:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

15190: 14973: 13052: 9265:

Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam

7878:

Manfred McDowell, "Sky without Light: a Vietnamese Tragedy",

6741: 6475:

Revolutionnaires Vietnamiens et pouvoir colonial en Indochine

4878: 4713:"El derecho de vivir en paz" ("The Right to Live in Peace"). 4456: 4440: 4385: 3738: 3493: 2786: 1798: 1507:, the future President of South Vietnam and political rival. 481: 11940: 9219:

Was Ho Chi Minh a Nationalist? Ho Chi Minh and the Comintern

7422: 7111: 6948: 6946: 6944: 6633: 6069: 5572: 5570: 5568: 5566: 4685:

Ho Chí Minh pictured with children in a photo by state media

3644:

Hồ Chí Minh (third from left, standing) with the OSS in 1945

16852: 16134: 15268: 15150: 13042: 12986: 8886:– via Vietnam Center and Sam Johnson Vietnam Archive. 7708: 7507:

Người tình nguyện vào ngục Bastille dịch "Nhật ký trong tù"

7412: 7410: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7282: 7280: 7267: 7265: 5491: 4873: 4749: 4389: 4377: 4121: 3877:

successfully broke the French border blockade, he met with

3614:, supported closely yet clandestinely by the United States 2838: 2823: 2796: 1972: 1824:

In December 1920, Quốc (Hồ) became a representative to the

1465: 8831:. Routledge Historical Biographies. Taylor & Francis. 8445:

The Indochinese Experience of the French and the Americans

8090:"Uncle Ho: a legend on the battlefield and in the boudoir" 8028:

From Confucianism to Communism and Back: Vietnam 1925–1995

7383: 7183: 7135: 6042: 5145:

He told Paris Police (Surete) he was born 15 January 1894.

4297:, but he did not live there. He ordered the building of a 4290:, but could be widely understood throughout the country. 3773: 1529:

on 8 August 1908, which was several months after the anti-

15723: 15703: 15698: 9369: 7737: 7735: 7654: 7652: 7467: 7465: 7463: 7461: 7373: 7371: 7369: 7101: 7099: 7097: 7095: 7058: 7056: 7054: 6941: 6852:"Political and Economic Crisis in North Vietnam, 1955–56" 6576:

Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, "Chronology", p. 45.

6455: 6000: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5907: 5643: 5563: 5232:, and the note in English at the end of the cited article 5020:

His birth name appeared in a letter from the director of

4892: 3593:, saw this as an opportunity to advance their own cause. 1249:

revolutionary, nationalist, and politician. He served as

7981: 7434: 7407: 7349: 7277: 7262: 7219: 7068: 7039: 7015: 6717: 6705: 4528: 4499:

Hồ Chí Minh statue and a yellow star as depicted in the

16042:

6th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam

7720: 6693: 6669: 6645: 6621: 6600: 6122: 5467: 4572:

behind a statue of Hồ Chí Minh in Hanoi, September 2023

4301:

at the back of the palace, which is today known as the

4076:

principal diplomats involved in the Maneli affair were

1323:

against the Japanese in August 1945, which resulted in

17144:

Communist University of the Toilers of the East alumni

7732: 7649: 7458: 7446: 7395: 7366: 7337: 7195: 7171: 7159: 7147: 7123: 7092: 7080: 7051: 6911: 6909: 6753: 5990: 5988: 5904: 5862: 5701: 5527: 5525: 4234:, written when he was imprisoned by the police of the 1718:, attending a Communist congress in Marseille, France. 1618:

during his stay, and said he attended meetings of the

16994: 9562: 9227:

Việt Minh, NLF and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

9068:

A People's History of the United States: 1492–present

7886: 7027: 6823:(Mailing list). Vietnam Studies Group. Archived from 6729: 6657: 6588: 6306:. Coombs.anu.edu.au. 2 September 1945. Archived from 4904: 4895: 4867: 3853:

systematically destroying any valuable infrastructure

3601:

In 1941, Hồ Chí Minh returned to Vietnam to lead the

3581:. He was using the name Hồ Quang during this period. 3477:, Berlin, Switzerland, and Italy, where he sailed to 7747: 6681: 6208: 6206: 5767:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1982; p. 60. 5609: 5551: 4748:(the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin, a sister city of 4608:, which carried a small item about the controversy. 3665:

for support for Vietnamese independence, citing the

3637:, who helped release him from a KMT prison in 1943. 3405:

in June 1924 before arriving in Canton (present-day

1868:. His articles and speeches caught the attention of 1590:, where he claimed to have worked as a baker at the 252:

Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

8878:. 30th Annual Congress of Orientalists. Mexico City 8857:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 8776:—————— (1984). 8529:—————— (2012). 8496:—————— (2000). 8136: 7207: 6906: 6191: 6157: 5985: 5522: 4889: 4886: 4870: 1261:from 1945 until his death in 1969. Ideologically a 16223:100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century 8955:Những mẩu chuyện về đời hoạt động của Hồ Chủ tịch 8622:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 125. 7003: 6549: 6372: 6089:"Ho Chi Minh | Biography, Presidency, & Facts" 4793:100 Most Important People of the Twentieth Century 4510:Hồ Chí Minh statue outside Hồ Chí Minh City Hall, 205:General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 8291:"[Ho Chi Minh: A Life] | C-SPAN.org" 7637: 6203: 4416:" ("You are still marching with us, Uncle Hồ"). 3529:French colonial authorities in Indochina and the 3504:House on Memorium for Hồ Chí Minh in Ban Nachok, 1765:, but they were ignored. Citing the principle of 17090: 15669:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 9515:First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 9205:Osborne, Milton (November 1980). "Ho Chi Minh". 9070:. New York: Harper Perennial. pp. 460–461. 9009:Vietnamese Communism: Its Origin and Development 6969:"The History Place – Vietnam War 1945–1960" 5479: 5335:. In Dean, Kenneth; van der Veer, Peter (eds.). 5304: 5114: 5106: 5089: 5081: 5073: 5026: 5002: 4994: 4957: 4949: 4411: 1875: 1712: 1693: 1654:in West Ealing. Claims that he was trained as a 1392: 1346: 1314: 1302: 1280: 1232: 1222: 1211: 1203: 644: 634: 615: 607: 599: 591: 583: 453: 437: 389: 375: 348: 329: 295: 274: 241: 227: 125: 104: 48: 14106:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 13513:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 11269:National Political Publishing House – The Truth 9396:Bibliography: Writings by and about Hồ Chí Minh 8758:Vietnam: State, War, and Revolution (1945–1946) 8016:, Berkeley, the Indochina Resource Center, 1974 6153:Interview with OSS officer Carleton Swift, 1981 3819:. The Vietnam National Army, mostly armed with 3399:Communist University of the Toilers of the East 1834:Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea 785:President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam 665:Communist University of the Toilers of the East 82:President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam 9175:Vision Accomplished? The Enigma of Ho Chi Minh 8971:. Singapore: Information and Resource Center. 8961: 8922:. Vol. 1032. Princeton University Press. 8825:Neville, Peter (2018). "Chapter 3: Survival". 8118:"Great 'Uncle Ho' may have been a mere mortal" 6233: 6231: 6075: 6048: 5880: 5337:The Secular in South, East, and Southeast Asia 4272:(The Pariah) first published in Paris 1922 or 3733:In the same month, a force of 200,000 Chinese 3610:and the Japanese occupation of Vietnam during 1784:. They were unable to obtain consideration at 16204: 16120: 15829: 13002: 11956: 10910: 10498: 10129: 9548: 9221:. Singapore: Information and Resource Centre. 8952: 8705: 7882:, Vol XIII, No. 3, 2011, pp. 131–136, p. 133. 7702: 6963: 6961: 6821:"Newly released documents on the land reform" 5588: 5497: 4725:, and German songs about him were written by 4392:and many others, mostly Socialist countries. 3323: 3091:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 1183: 264:2 September 1945 – 20 September 1955 17294:Vietnamese expatriates in the United Kingdom 15745:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 13296:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 9209:. Vol. 30, no. 11. pp. 40–46. 9169:Hồ chí Minh toàn tập. NXB chính trị quốc gia 8589: 8051:, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2017, 87–107. 6216:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 8 November 1966 5661: 5270: 5227: 5203: 5190:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 5021: 4734:Socialist states and former Communist states 4614: 4356:Due to the sensitivity of 2 September being 4080:, the Indian Chief Commissioner of the ICC; 3980:Hồ Chí Minh with members of the East German 3972:harbor during his 1957 visit to East Germany 1805:. Upon hearing of the October 1920 death of 1724:French Section of the Workers' International 523:French Section of the Workers' International 149:19 February 1951 – 2 September 1969 94:2 September 1945 – 2 September 1969 14606:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 9195: 8890: 8331: 7593:"1960s Interview with Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam" 6228: 6141:Interview with Archimedes L. A. Patti, 1981 5973: 5971: 5969: 5932: 5930: 5783:Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper 5649: 5576: 5244: 4399:in 1975, a famous song written by composer 3712:Birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam 3583:When France was defeated by Germany in 1940 1634:Commemorative plaque in Haymarket in London 217:5 October 1956 – 10 September 1960 17289:Vietnamese expatriates in the Soviet Union 16211: 16197: 16127: 16113: 15836: 15822: 15709:United States involvement in regime change 13264:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 13009: 12995: 11963: 11949: 10917: 10903: 10505: 10491: 10136: 10122: 9555: 9541: 9452:as Prime Minister of the Empire of Vietnam 9293: 9172: 9157: 8594:. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Cognoscenti Books. 8384:HoChiMinhOnRevolution-SelectedWritings.pdf 8112: 8110: 7853:Vietnam National Administration of Tourism 6958: 6392:"Liam Kelley | Department of History" 5666:. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Cognoscenti Books. 5456: 5454: 5452: 5247:"Lời truyền miệng dân gian về Hồ Chí Minh" 4771: 4305:. His hobbies (according to his secretary 3538:Shanghai. He subsequently returned to the 3330: 3316: 2490:Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR 1710:Hồ Chí Minh, 1921, going by the pseudonym 1460:, a prerequisite for any serious study of 1190: 1176: 58: 16032:History of the Communist Party of Vietnam 10597:Provisional Central Government of Vietnam 9490:Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 9181: 9015: 8620:The World Transformed 1945 To the Present 8462: 6849: 6774:"Communist Land Policy in North Viet Nam" 6771: 6606: 5723:, University of Michigan Press, pp. 47–48 5589:Debolt, Abbe A; Baugess, James S (2011). 5473: 5450: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5240: 5238: 4669:Learn how and when to remove this message 3648:In April 1945, he met with the OSS agent 3413:in November 1924 using the name Ly Thuy. 3046:Communist Party of the Russian Federation 791:Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 419:31 March 1935 – 2 September 1969 137:Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam 11249:Commission for Information and Education 9659:Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina 9213: 8894:Ho Chi Minh: The Missing Years 1919–1941 8812:(2). University Press of Florida: 6–22. 8779:Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, 1920–1945 8733: 8681: 8420: 7726: 7694: 7674: 7440: 7428: 7416: 7360: 7286: 7271: 7225: 7117: 7074: 7045: 7021: 6699: 6675: 6651: 6128: 6006: 5979:"Then & now: In the name of the law" 5966: 5960: 5927: 5921: 5868: 5732: 5707: 5385: 4775: 4680: 4649:Relevant discussion may be found on the 4559: 4543: 4527: 4505: 4494: 4446: 4434: 4280:Socialist Republic of Vietnam Government 4254: 4202: 4032: 3975: 3968:Hồ Chí Minh with East German sailors in 3963: 3938: 3772: 3639: 3606:successful military actions against the 3596: 3542:and in Moscow studied and taught at the 3499: 3487: 3373: 1815: 1809:hunger striker (and Lord Mayor of Cork) 1705: 1697: 1629: 1525:in France shows that he was admitted to 16136:Declarations of independence of Vietnam 16006:Renewal in Việt Nam: Theory and Reality 15843: 13835:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 9204: 9196:Morris, Virginia; Hills, Clive (2018). 8824: 8575:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 8406:. RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 55–58, 76. 8301: 8107: 7815:"Uncle Ho's legacy lives on in Vietnam" 7698: 7678: 7658: 6328: 6060: 5886: 5388:"Father of modern Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh" 5361:"Uncle Ho's legacy lives on in Vietnam" 5226:Note: See the document in French, from 4705:. In addition, the Chilean folk singer 3943:Ho Chi Minh with Indian Prime Minister 3672:In 1946, future Israeli Prime Minister 3071:Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party 1620:Universal Negro Improvement Association 1577: 1562:on 5 July 1911. The ship then left for 857: 283:Prime Minister of the Empire of Vietnam 27:Vietnamese communist leader (1890–1969) 14: 17091: 15679:Russian espionage in the United States 13951:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 11890:Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization 9145: 9006: 8985: 8915: 8852: 8657: 8636: 8590:Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2012). 8570: 8528: 8495: 8481:The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam 8475: 8441: 8258: 8081: 8054: 7987: 7892: 7765: 7741: 7714: 7690: 7670: 7471: 7452: 7401: 7389: 7377: 7343: 7239:Vietnam at War: the history, 1946–1975 7201: 7189: 7177: 7165: 7153: 7141: 7129: 7105: 7086: 7062: 7033: 6759: 6747: 6735: 6723: 6711: 6687: 6663: 6639: 6627: 6594: 6461: 6434: 6378: 6267:(Washington: Brassey's, 1997), p. 126 6177:"Collection of Letters by Ho Chi Minh" 5939:Vietnam at War: The History: 1946–1975 5662:Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2012). 5615: 5557: 5429: 5305:Nguyễn Xuân Tùng (18 September 2014). 5300: 5298: 5235: 4766:Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs 4740:in Moscow, a Hồ Chí Minh boulevard in 4519:The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam 4049:during a state dinner in Beijing, 1959 3152:All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) 2478:Dialectical and Historical Materialism 2147:Socialism with Chinese characteristics 319:28 August 1945 – 2 March 1946 16487:Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein 16192: 16108: 15817: 15674:Soviet espionage in the United States 13830:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 13609:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 13274:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 12990: 12860:Mass killings under communist regimes 11944: 10898: 10486: 10117: 9735:Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League 9536: 9464:2 September 1945 – 20 September 1955 8875:Ho Chi Minh: A Post-War Re-evaluation 8803: 8483:. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. 8142: 8087: 7976:Berkeley Journal of International Law 7859:from the original on 3 September 2011 7812: 7617: 6501:Aux services des colonises, 1930–1953 6410:"Chiang Kai-shek and Vietnam in 1945" 6304:"Vietnam Declaration of Independence" 5994: 5824: 5414: 5266: 5264: 5057: 5016: 5014: 5012: 4973: 4935: 4918: 3897: 3516:until late 1929, when he moved on to 3442:argued that in June 1925 he betrayed 2654:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 2575:Industrialization in the Soviet Union 2510:Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung 1978:Intensification of the class struggle 802: 365:3 November 1946 – March 1947 17319:Vietnamese people of the Vietnam War 15750:Soviet Union–United States relations 14101:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 9430:2 September 1945 – 2 September 1969 9289:, University of North Carolina Press 9065: 8871: 8775: 8754: 8617: 8598: 8549: 8164:, Vietnam Breaking News, 19 May 2017 8010:Confucianism and Marxism in Vietnam' 7917: 7782:"Ho Chi Minh dies of heart attack". 7753: 7643: 7483: 7313:"China Admits Combat in Vietnam War" 7213: 6555: 6293:(New York: Soho Press, 1996), p. 51 6197: 6163: 5776: 5531: 5485: 4849: 4618: 4284:Vietnam Revolutionary Journalism Day 4151:In March 1966, a Canadian diplomat, 3947:in New Delhi, India, 7 February 1958 3096:Sandinista National Liberation Front 2570:Collectivization in the Soviet Union 17284:Vietnamese expatriates in Hong Kong 15714:Soviet involvement in regime change 8957:. Nhà xuất bản Chính trị quốc gia . 8592:Vietnam Past and Present: The North 8403:The Vietnam War from the Other Side 8399: 8014:Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam 7302:, No. 142 (June 1995), pp. 366–369. 7009: 6952: 6850:Szalontai, Balazs (November 2005). 5852:"호찌민 감시 佛 경찰문건 대거발굴…한국 임시정부 활약상 생생" 5676: 5664:Vietnam Past and Present: The North 5394:New York City College of Technology 5330: 5295: 4578:Confucianism and Marxism in Vietnam 4303:Presidential Palace Historical Site 3051:Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1536: 1503:, also attended the school, as did 24: 15755:Soviet Union–United States summits 13229:1947 Polish parliamentary election 13114:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 10823: 10798: 10763: 10678: 10621: 10563: 10536: 10349: 10324: 10261: 10229: 10195: 10167: 9188:Ho Chi Minh: A Political Biography 9086: 9040: 8782:. University of California Press. 8761:. University of California Press. 8706:Lanzona, V.A.; Rettig, F. (2020). 7825:from the original on 11 April 2015 7533:"Prison Diary" published in Korean 7486:"Ho Chi Minh: From 'Prison Diary'" 6900: 6818: 5854:. 15 December 2018. Archived from 5631:. Government of the United Kingdom 5415:Woolf, Chris (18 September 2017). 5333:"The Uncle Hồ religion in Vietnam" 5261: 5009: 4780:Hồ Chí Minh bust in Kolkata, India 4410:was often sung by PAVN soldiers: " 3250:State ideology of the Soviet Union 2483:The History of the Communist Party 25: 17340: 17299:Vietnamese independence activists 17229:People of the First Indochina War 17154:20th-century Vietnamese diplomats 15996:The Last Testament of Ho Chi Minh 15991:The Path Which Led Me To Leninism 15970:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union 15889:Socialist-oriented market economy 14516:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 14451:United States invasion of Grenada 13721:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 13662:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 12814:Criticism of communist party rule 11925:Socialist-oriented market economy 11885:Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union 11234:Commission for External Relations 9320: 9253: 8259:Karnow, Stanley (13 April 1998). 6451:. September 1972. pp. 14–18. 6394:. 14 October 2014. Archived from 5785:. Gioi Publishers. Archived from 5547:. nguoiviet.com. 3 November 2018. 5126:Founding father of modern Vietnam 4492:shortly after his death in 1970. 4413:Bác vẫn cùng chúng cháu hành quân 3843:, holding off attackers by using 3759:Le Minh Khai's Asian History Blog 3424:, he lived with a Chinese woman, 3359:interview with William Duiker on 3183:Criticism of communist party rule 2515:President Ho Chi Minh's Testament 1953:Commanding heights of the economy 1533:demonstration (9–13 April 1908). 1273:, the predecessor of the current 1092:President Ho Chi Minh's Testament 1087:The Path Which Led Me To Leninism 566: 17279:Vietnamese expatriates in France 17249:Recipients of the Order of Lenin 17076: 17064: 17052: 17040: 17028: 17016: 17004: 15897: 14591:United States invasion of Panama 14441:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 14081:1971 Turkish military memorandum 14044:Communist insurgency in Thailand 14014:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 13946:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 13773:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 13701:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 13219:Restatement of Policy on Germany 12969: 12957: 12835:21st-century communist theorists 10938: 10926: 10514: 10285:Provisional Leadership Committee 10145: 9584:Capture of the Citadel of Saigon 9382:Satellite photo of the mausoleum 8709:Women Warriors in Southeast Asia 8691:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 8377: 8351: 8332:VietnamPlus (20 February 2022). 8325: 8283: 8252: 8234: 8220: 8202: 8167: 8148: 8060: 8041: 8019: 8002: 7993: 7968: 7911: 7898: 7871: 7837: 7806: 7792: 7775: 7620:"Esperanto the language of love" 7618:Brown, Simon Leo (6 June 2014). 7611: 7585: 7547:by Steve Bradbury, Tinfish Press 7496: 7477: 7305: 7292: 7244: 7231: 6994: 6982: 6932: 6918: 6843: 6812: 6765: 6513:A nationwide call for resistance 6291:Giap: the Volcano under the Snow 5204:Vũ Ngự Chiêu (23 October 2011). 5157: 5148: 4863: 4623: 4198: 4018:Laos in July 1959, aided by the 3954:International Control Commission 3768:Vietnam: Sociologie d'une Guerre 3350: 3297: 3285: 3273: 3076:Lao People's Revolutionary Party 2500:Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism 2485:of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) 1899: 1163: 1157: 828:French Indochina in World War II 750: 713: 694: 17329:World War II resistance members 17274:Vietnamese expatriates in China 17164:Government ministers of Vietnam 15311:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 14692:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 14621:Fall of the inner German border 14521:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 14171:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 14161:Spanish transition to democracy 14121:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 13748:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 13254:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 13135:Occupation of the Baltic states 12096:Dictatorship of the proletariat 9460:Prime Minister of North Vietnam 8392: 7599:. Kinolibrary. 12 February 2015 6612: 6579: 6570: 6561: 6524: 6506: 6503:, Editions Minuit, Paris, p. 22 6493: 6480: 6477:. François Maspero, Paris. 1975 6467: 6440: 6412:. 25 April 2013. Archived from 6402: 6384: 6347: 6322: 6296: 6283: 6270: 6257: 6169: 6146: 6134: 6107: 6081: 6054: 6012: 5844: 5818: 5801: 5770: 5765:Vietnamese Communism, 1925–1945 5757: 5726: 5713: 5670: 5655: 5621: 5582: 5545:"Ngo Dinh Diem and ho Chi Minh" 5537: 5512: 5503: 5408: 5386:Watanabe, Musa (25 July 2014). 5379: 5353: 5324: 5212:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 5139: 5130: 5098: 5065: 5051: 5034: 4738:Hồ Chí Minh square and monument 4568:with Vietnamese Prime Minister 4347:President Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum 2069:Theory of the productive forces 1523:Centre des archives d'Outre-mer 1521:. However, a document from the 797: 562: 16364:Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel 14091:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 13726:Mozambican War of Independence 13165:Indonesian National Revolution 10757:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 10188:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 8899:University of California Press 8806:Journal of Third World Studies 8688:Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975 8427:. Cambridge University Press. 8088:Baker, Mark (15 August 2002). 7847:[Temple of Uncle Hồ]. 7788:. 4 September 1969. p. 1. 5825:Dwyer, Ryle (13 August 2019). 5197: 5177: 5003: 4988: 4964: 4958: 4943: 4856: 4744:, and a Hồ Chí Minh square in 4709:referenced Hồ Chí Minh in his 4397:North Vietnam's final campaign 3995: 3691:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 3669:, but Truman never responded. 2495:A Critique of Soviet Economics 1740:Groupe des Patriotes Annamites 1376:against South Vietnam and its 1329:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 1255:Democratic Republic of Vietnam 13: 1: 17129:20th-century Vietnamese poets 16230:Leaders & revolutionaries 15689:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 14704:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 14657:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 14379:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 14344:Seven Days to the River Rhine 14076:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 13363:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 13291:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 12036:Critique of political economy 11970: 11895:Vietnam People's Armed Forces 11218:Central Inspection Commission 10886:head of a military government 10817:Socialist Republic of Vietnam 10343:Socialist Republic of Vietnam 10023:French protectorate of Tonkin 9366:Ho Chi Minh Selected Writings 9336:Works by or about Ho Chi Minh 9237:From colonialism to communism 8968:Ho Chi Minh and the Comintern 8279:– via content.time.com. 8067:The Zenith by Duong Thu Huong 5949:From Colonialism to Communism 5813:Journal of Vietnamese Studies 5733:Phong, Huy; Anh, Yen (1989). 5311:Ministry of Justice (Vietnam) 5170: 4975:[ŋu˧ie˧˧˥ˀn̪si˧ŋku˧ŋ] 4532:Shrine devoted to Hồ Chí Minh 1936:Soviet-type economic planning 1916:Administrative-command system 1876:In the Soviet Union and China 1694:Political education in France 1625: 1403: 1364:. Hồ was a key figure in the 1339:. The Việt Minh defeated the 65: 17219:People from Nghệ An province 17149:Foreign ministers of Vietnam 14682:Fall of communism in Albania 14652:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 14601:Polish Round Table Agreement 13941:1968 Polish political crisis 13758:Eritrean War of Independence 13524:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 13419:East German uprising of 1953 13351:Chinese Communist Revolution 13016: 12929:Socialist mode of production 12845:Anti-communist mass killings 12787:Workers of the world, unite! 12056:Proletarian internationalism 11244:Mass Mobilization Commission 10035:French colony of Cochinchina 10011:French protectorate of Annam 9594:Ba Dinh uprising / Cần Vương 9268:. Little, Brown and Company. 9139: 9112:Resources in other libraries 9016:Valentino, Benjamin (2005). 8891:Quinn-Judge, Sophie (2002). 8853:Nguyen, Lien-Hang T (2012). 8643:. Rowman & Littlefield. 8448:. Indiana University Press. 6772:Gittinger, J. Price (1959). 6449:Southeast Asian Perspectives 6447:"Myths of the Vietnam War". 6437:, pp. 57–59, 67–69, 74. 5779:"Ho Chi Minh, Life and Work" 5464:. New York: Hyperion, 2000. 4815:One of Hồ Chí Minh's works, 4756:government, in the hands of 4246:(Lunar new year) edition of 3873:In February 1950, after the 3682:Nationalist Party of Vietnam 3616:Office of Strategic Services 3041:Communist Party of Kampuchea 2684:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 2015:Proletarian internationalism 1541: 1291:French protectorate of Annam 1267:Chairman and First Secretary 1120:Ho Chi Minh monument, Moscow 32:Ho Chi Minh (disambiguation) 7: 17259:Vietnamese anti-capitalists 15965:Vietnamese Fatherland Front 14556:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 14284:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 14029:Corrective Movement (Syria) 13993:New People's Army rebellion 13988:Sino-Soviet border conflict 13716:Angolan War of Independence 13579:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 13459:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 13104:Jamaican political conflict 12897:Marx's theory of alienation 11213:Central Military Commission 9282:, Stanford University Press 9273:The American War in Vietnam 9165:. Rowman & Littlefield. 9011:. Hoover Institution Press. 8986:Tucker, Spencer C. (1999). 8916:Shafer, D. Michael (1988). 8667:. New York: Penguin Books. 8601:The American War in Vietnam 7484:Minh, Ho Chi (7 May 1968). 6063:Bác Hồ Trên Đất Nước Lê-Nin 4827: 4605:Far Eastern Economic Review 4232:Poems from the Prison Diary 3875:Battle of Route Coloniale 4 3735:National Revolutionary Army 3635:National Revolutionary Army 3066:Indochinese Communist Party 2084:Wars of national liberation 1552:Amiral de Latouche-Tréville 1125:Ho Chi Minh Sarani, Kolkata 850:Declaration of Independence 823:Indochinese Communist Party 535:Indochinese Communist Party 307:Minister of Foreign Affairs 10: 17345: 17324:Vietnamese revolutionaries 17244:Prime ministers of Vietnam 16381:Artists & entertainers 16037:Five-Year Plans of Vietnam 15960:Communist Party of Vietnam 14752:Sino-Indian border dispute 14581:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 14511:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 14269:1976 Argentine coup d'état 14181:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 14131:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 13815:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 13783:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 13472:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 13239:Asian Relations Conference 10934:Communist Party of Vietnam 10521:Prime ministers of Vietnam 9750:Communist Party of Vietnam 9426:President of North Vietnam 9049:Cambridge University Press 9007:Turner, Robert F. (1975). 8734:Logevall, Fredrik (2012). 8442:Dommen, Arthur J. (2001). 7813:Marsh, Viv (7 June 2012). 6490:, Paris: Nautilus Editions 6065:. Nhà Xuất Bản Thanh Niên. 4791:listed him in the list of 4717:wrote "Teacher Uncle Ho". 4226:. Hồ was taught to master 3999: 3715: 3585:, Hồ and his lieutenants, 3193:Marxist schools of thought 3086:Party of Labour of Albania 3056:Communist Party of Vietnam 1674:, home of the New Zealand 1309:independence movement, an 1275:Communist Party of Vietnam 29: 16837: 16683:Scientists & thinkers 16682: 16531: 16380: 16229: 16142: 16074: 16014: 15978: 15952: 15906: 15895: 15851: 15788: 15737: 15659: 15636:William Appleman Williams 15581:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 15363: 15335: 15284: 15216: 15209: 15143: 15008: 14933: 14863: 14856: 14765: 14712: 14644: 14357: 14096:Bangladesh Liberation War 14086:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 14001: 13973:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 13961:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 13624: 13399:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 13376: 13086: 13024: 12952: 12827: 12796: 12754: 12676: 12298: 12247: 12209: 12145: 12104: 11978: 11907: 11872: 11863: 11757: 11748: 11666: 11588: 11520: 11436: 11427: 11420: 11338: 11331: 11291: 11226: 11195: 11056: 10959: 10948: 10880: 10815: 10803:Republic of South Vietnam 10792:Republic of South Vietnam 10790: 10755: 10670: 10613: 10595: 10555: 10528: 10465: 10341: 10318:Republic of South Vietnam 10316: 10253: 10221: 10186: 10159: 10152:Heads of state of Vietnam 10091: 10050: 9981: 9945: 9844: 9758: 9692: 9654:1940 Cochinchina uprising 9624:1916 Cochinchina uprising 9571: 9521: 9512: 9504: 9496: 9487: 9481: 9476: 9466: 9457: 9442: 9432: 9423: 9408: 9403: 9285:Nguyen Lien-Hang T. 2012 9120: 9107:Resources in your library 8618:Hunt, Michael H. (2016). 8553:Last Reflections on a War 8550:Fall, Bernard. B (1967). 8421:Brocheux, Pierre (2007). 8094:The Sydney Morning Herald 7703:Lanzona & Rettig 2020 7673:, pp. 143–145, 198; 6873:10.1080/14682740500284630 6819:Vu, Tuong (25 May 2007). 5629:"The Drayton Court Hotel" 5339:. Springer. p. 219. 5116:Người cha già của dân tộc 5027: 5022: 4995: 4950: 4615:Depictions of Hồ Chí Minh 4480:), the Bringer of Light ( 4430: 4170:In January 1967, General 4138:Operation Rolling Thunder 3804:Fontainebleau conferences 3349: 3344: 1738:. In Paris he joined the 1713: 1393: 1380:. Vietnam was officially 1347: 1315: 1303: 1281: 1271:Workers' Party of Vietnam 1257:from 1945 to 1955 and as 1212: 1204: 1001:National Liberation Front 817:Struggle for Independence 737: 728:Recorded 2 September 1945 702: 690: 670: 658: 645: 635: 627: 616: 608: 600: 592: 584: 576: 544: 513: 507:Workers' Party of Vietnam 502: 491: 471: 454: 438: 432: 427: 423: 412: 397: 390: 383: 376: 369: 358: 349: 342: 330: 323: 312: 305: 296: 289: 275: 268: 257: 249: 242: 235: 228: 221: 210: 203: 191: 179: 153: 142: 135: 126: 119: 105: 98: 87: 79: 75: 57: 49: 41: 17234:Political party founders 14411:1980 Turkish coup d'état 14246:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 14216:1978 Somali coup attempt 14176:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 14141:1973 Chilean coup d'état 13966:Revolutionary Government 13860:South African Border War 13652:1960 Turkish coup d'état 13569:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 13424:1953 Iranian coup d'état 13404:1952 Egyptian revolution 12081:Workers' self-management 9477:Party political offices 9177:. The Macmillan Company. 9024:Cornell University Press 8424:Ho Chi Minh: A Biography 8400:Ang, Cheng Guan (2002). 6179:. Rationalrevolution.net 5807:Brett Reilly, review of 5095:and over 50–200 aliases. 4736:. In Russia, there is a 4632:This article or section 4339: 3866:According to journalist 3458:, never denounced Quốc. 3418:Whampoa Military Academy 3403:Fifth Comintern Congress 3401:and participated in the 3036:Communist Party of India 2035:Socialism in one country 1990:Marxist–Leninist atheism 1366:People's Army of Vietnam 921:Fontainebleau Agreements 759:This article is part of 17314:Vietnamese nationalists 14616:Fall of the Berlin Wall 14561:People Power Revolution 14546:Central American crisis 14486:1986 Black Sea incident 14136:1973 Afghan coup d'état 14034:Western Sahara conflict 13845:1966 Syrian coup d'état 13768:1963 Syrian coup d'état 13711:Portuguese Colonial War 13674:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 13439:1954 Syrian coup d'état 13316:Annexation of Hyderabad 13259:1947–1949 Palestine war 12919:Revolutionary socialism 12127:Socialization (Marxism) 11282:The Communist Newspaper 11254:Organisation Commission 10568:Republic of Cochinchina 10557:Republic of Cochinchina 10383:(1987–1992) (Chairman: 10373:(1981–1987) (Chairman: 9730:Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội 9679:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 9378:(archived 14 July 2007) 9376:Hồ Chí Minh's biography 9327:Chi Minh Ho (1890–1969) 9294:American foreign policy 9173:Khắc Huyên, N. (1971). 9134:. New American Library. 8755:Marr, David G. (2013). 7538:16 October 2015 at the 6567:Luo, Guibo. pp. 233–236 6329:Neville, Peter (2019). 6239:"Israel Was Everything" 5735:"Unmasking Ho Chi Minh" 5331:Ngo, Tam T. T. (2018). 4801:decolonization movement 4772:International influence 4439:Hồ Chí Minh Mausoleum, 3888:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 3808:bombardment of Haiphong 3686:Dai Viet National Party 3245:State ideology of China 3171:under communist regimes 3169:Crimes against humanity 3129:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism 3101:Workers' Party of Korea 3031:Communist Party of Cuba 3026:Chinese Communist Party 2694:Portuguese Colonial War 2520:The Governance of China 2473:Foundations of Leninism 2020:Protracted people's war 1968:Dialectical materialism 1803:Communist International 1356:, and resulting in the 943:Battle of Dien Bien Phu 17224:People of the Cold War 16294:Martin Luther King Jr. 14910:Neoclassical economics 14421:Gulf of Sidra incident 13978:1969 Libyan revolution 13669:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 13454:1954 Geneva Conference 13214:Turkish straits crisis 13209:Corfu Channel incident 11196:Decision-making bodies 10829: 10804: 10769: 10684: 10627: 10569: 10542: 10355: 10330: 10267: 10235: 10201: 10173: 9740:Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng 9599:Pacification of Tonkin 9566:independence movements 9362:(archived 31 May 2000) 8953:Trần Dân Tiên (1994). 8872:Pike, Douglas (1976). 8214:www.telegraphindia.com 7800:The Sun News-Pictorial 6750:, pp. 95, 99–100. 6642:, pp. 89, 91, 97. 5963:, p. 44 and xiii. 5936:Davidson, Phillip B., 5894:"The Learning Network" 5228: 5115: 5107: 5090: 5082: 5074: 5031:, dated 7 August 1908. 4781: 4686: 4573: 4553: 4552:, Hồ Chí Minh's father 4533: 4514: 4503: 4473: 4444: 4412: 4260: 4212: 4050: 3985: 3973: 3948: 3904:1954 Geneva Conference 3778: 3645: 3531:Hong Kong Police Force 3509: 3497: 3390: 3061:French Communist Party 2971:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2280:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 2195:Khorloogiin Choibalsan 1821: 1763:Versailles peace talks 1734:as well as his friend 1719: 1703: 1668:Haymarket, Westminster 1635: 1299:French Communist Party 1233: 1223: 892:Socialist Constitution 808:French Communist Party 529:French Communist Party 17304:Vietnamese male poets 17269:Vietnamese communists 17239:Presidents of Vietnam 17169:Left-wing nationalism 17124:20th-century atheists 16532:Builders & titans 16336:Franklin D. Roosevelt 15760:Russia–NATO relations 15641:Jonathan Reed Winkler 14925:Democratic capitalism 14920:Supply-side economics 14888:American conservatism 14687:Breakup of Yugoslavia 14576:Bougainville conflict 14491:South Yemen civil war 14426:Martial law in Poland 14289:Nicaraguan Revolution 14264:Dirty War (Argentina) 14071:1971 JVP insurrection 13885:Years of Lead (Italy) 13763:North Yemen civil war 13681:Berlin Crisis of 1961 13657:Albanian–Soviet split 13589:1959 Tibetan uprising 13554:Syrian Crisis of 1957 13409:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 13269:1948 Arab–Israeli War 12870:Intentional community 12006:Collective leadership 11668:Inspection Commission 10827: 10802: 10767: 10682: 10625: 10567: 10540: 10474:collective leadership 10353: 10328: 10265: 10233: 10199: 10171: 10102:independence movement 9316:. Arbor House Pub Co. 9200:. McFarland & Co. 9153:. New York: Hyperion. 9066:Zinn, Howard (1995). 8637:Jacobs, Seth (2006). 8603:. SEAP Publications. 8571:Gaiduk, Ilya (2003). 8034:1 August 2020 at the 8012:in Nguyen Khac Vien, 7573:ro:Constantin Lupeanu 6955:, pp. 55–58, 76. 6499:Daniel Guérin (1954) 6473:Daniel Hemery (1975) 5811:by Fredrik Logevall, 4779: 4684: 4636:synthesis of material 4563: 4547: 4531: 4509: 4498: 4450: 4438: 4258: 4206: 4036: 4010:in South Vietnam; a " 3979: 3967: 3942: 3833:hollow-charge warhead 3783:Trotskyism in Vietnam 3776: 3643: 3597:Independence movement 3503: 3491: 3377: 3081:Nepal Communist Party 2704:Nicaraguan Revolution 2340:Mengistu Haile Mariam 1958:Democratic centralism 1948:Collective leadership 1819: 1709: 1701: 1633: 1454:traditional herbalist 1293:. From 1911, he left 1110:Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum 926:Ho–Sainteny agreement 798:Early life and family 496:Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum 16673:Thomas J. Watson Jr. 16027:Communism in Vietnam 15181:Non-Aligned Movement 14803:Peaceful coexistence 14757:North Borneo dispute 14672:German reunification 14667:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 14365:Salvadoran Civil War 14314:Grand Mosque seizure 14309:Yemenite War of 1979 14201:Mozambican Civil War 14156:Carnation Revolution 14111:Yemenite War of 1972 14049:1970 Polish protests 13880:1967 Hong Kong riots 13855:Argentine Revolution 13805:Guatemalan Civil War 13733:Cuban Missile Crisis 13647:Bay of Pigs Invasion 13519:1956 Poznań protests 13497:Geneva Summit (1955) 13099:Hukbalahap Rebellion 13078:Non-Aligned Movement 12976:Socialism portal 12964:Communism portal 12819:Criticism of Marxism 12809:Communist propaganda 12239:Fourth International 12229:Second International 12016:Communist revolution 11767:Provisional: 1930–35 9629:Thái Nguyên uprising 9614:Yên Thế Insurrection 9589:Cochinchina Campaign 9345:Hồ Chí Minh obituary 8599:Hunt, David (1993). 7717:, pp. 185, 198. 7693:, pp. 198–189; 7564:Félix Pita Rodríguez 7502:Translated version: 6359:www.encyclopedia.com 5858:on 15 December 2018. 5689:on 24 September 2015 5122:Father of the people 4834:Communism in Vietnam 4695:Félix Pita Rodríguez 4455:of Hồ Chí Minh with 4329:Nguyễn Thị Minh Khai 4224:Imperial examination 4161:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr 4078:Ramchundur Goburdhun 3859:at Việt Bắc, during 3304:Socialism portal 3280:Communism portal 2699:Black power movement 2669:Non-Aligned Movement 2040:Socialist patriotism 1578:In the United States 1448:(Nguyễn Tất Đạt), a 565: 1926; 186:Position established 30:For other uses, see 17309:Vietnamese Marxists 17264:Vietnamese atheists 16821:Ludwig Wittgenstein 16768:John Maynard Keynes 16540:Stephen Bechtel Sr. 16022:Politics of Vietnam 15845:Ho Chi Minh Thought 15626:Alex von Tunzelmann 15616:Vladimir Tismăneanu 15541:Thomas J. McCormick 15536:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 15436:Robert Hugh Ferrell 15299:Crusade for Freedom 15096:Illiberal democracy 14980:Ho Chi Minh Thought 14783:Eisenhower Doctrine 14636:Peaceful Revolution 14631:Romanian Revolution 14611:Revolutions of 1989 14596:1988 Polish strikes 14506:Operation INFEKTION 14501:1987 Lieyu massacre 14406:Eritrean Civil Wars 14389:Peruvian Revolution 14339:1979 Herat uprising 14329:Sino-Vietnamese War 14294:Uganda–Tanzania War 14274:Egyptian–Libyan War 14241:Third Indochina War 14236:Sino-Albanian split 14226:Ethiopian Civil War 14126:Eritrean Civil Wars 14066:Ping-pong diplomacy 14039:Cambodian Civil War 13865:Korean DMZ Conflict 13850:Cultural Revolution 13820:Dominican Civil War 13798:Tlatelolco massacre 13584:1959 Mosul uprising 13574:1958 Lebanon crisis 13301:Al-Wathbah uprising 13224:First Indochina War 13194:Iran crisis of 1946 12924:Socialist economics 12840:Anti anti-communism 12769:Red flag (politics) 12234:Third International 12224:First International 12051:Market abolitionism 11996:Class consciousness 11915:Ho Chi Minh Thought 11590:Military Commission 11421:Leadership sittings 11292:Steering committees 11259:Theoretical Council 10672:Republic of Vietnam 10421:Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh 10255:Republic of Vietnam 9674:First Indochina War 9634:Bazin assassination 9275:, SEAP Publications 9151:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 8928:10.2307/j.ctt7zvtwm 8532:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 8499:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 8471:(Jan–Mar 1957): 85. 8465:The China Quarterly 8160:6 July 2017 at the 8008:Nguyen Khac Vien, ' 7956:on 27 February 2022 7803:, 1 May 1975, p. 1. 7431:, pp. 439–440. 7392:, pp. 492–493. 7318:The Washington Post 7192:, pp. 340–342. 7144:, pp. 271–273. 7120:, pp. 233–234. 6991:, 26 February 1983. 6618:Maclear, pp. 65–68. 6464:, pp. 153–154. 6398:on 14 October 2014. 6265:Victory At Any Cost 6076:Tôn Thất Thiện 1990 6049:Tôn Thất Thiện 1990 6030:on 13 February 2018 5881:Tôn Thất Thiện 1990 5462:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 5460:Duiker, William J. 4839:First Indochina War 4764:. According to the 4600:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 4295:Presidential Palace 3958:Walter Bedell Smith 3857:Jean Étienne Valluy 3718:First Indochina War 3452:Ho Chi Minh: A Life 3361:Hồ Chí Minh: A Life 3292:Politics portal 3198:National Bolshevism 3188:Cult of personality 2724:Revolutions of 1989 2719:Naxalite insurgency 2709:Cultural Revolution 2595:Great Patriotic War 2450:Wojciech Jaruzelski 2410:Nur Muhammad Taraki 2117:Ho Chi Minh Thought 1830:Third International 1652:Drayton Court Hotel 1605:Korean nationalists 1430:French protectorate 1358:division of Vietnam 1354:First Indochina War 1245:, was a Vietnamese 1063:Ho Chi Minh Thought 904:First Indochina War 709:Ho Chi Minh's voice 398:Full Member of the 337:(Empire of Vietnam) 17114:Ho Chi Minh family 16941:Emmeline Pankhurst 16860:Lady Diana Spencer 16838:Heroes & icons 16624:Charles E. Merrill 16343:Theodore Roosevelt 16172:Tuyên ngôn độc lập 15780:Russian Revolution 15576:Mary Elise Sarotte 15561:William B. Pickett 15486:Patrick J. Hearden 15466:Gabriel Gorodetsky 15461:Timothy Garton Ash 15446:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 15041:Ethnic nationalism 14793:Hallstein Doctrine 14677:Yemeni unification 14466:1985 Geneva Summit 14431:Casamance conflict 14334:New Jewel Movement 14319:Iranian Revolution 14304:Chadian–Libyan War 14251:Cambodian conflict 14231:Lebanese Civil War 14221:Western Sahara War 14196:June 1976 protests 14191:Cambodian genocide 13956:17 July Revolution 13910:Nigerian Civil War 13825:Rhodesian Bush War 13810:Colombian conflict 13753:Ramadan Revolution 13492:Bandung Conference 13368:Operation Valuable 13249:Partition of India 12944:Worker cooperative 12902:National communism 12875:Left-wing politics 12780:The Internationale 12132:Economic democracy 11864:Wider organisation 11847:13th: 2021–present 11736:13th: 2021–present 11512:13th: 2021–present 10830: 10805: 10770: 10685: 10628: 10570: 10543: 10356: 10331: 10268: 10236: 10202: 10174: 9892:Nguyễn Thượng Hiền 9816:Nguyễn Thiện Thuật 9725:Tonkin Free School 9404:Political offices 9353:(4 September 1969) 9350:The New York Times 9300:Henry A. Kissinger 9278:Ilya Gaiduck 2003 9271:David Hunt. 1993. 9260:Frances FitzGerald 9247:A Viet Cong Memoir 9147:Duiker, William J. 9041:Vu, Tuong (2010). 8664:Vietnam: A History 8535:. Hachette Books. 8502:. Hyperion Books. 8477:Duiker, William J. 8365:. 20 February 2021 8230:. 4 December 2014. 7931:. pp. 76–90. 7785:The Globe and Mail 7697:, pp. 62–63; 7542:by Ahn Kyong Hwan. 7325:on 6 November 2017 6915:Moise, pp. 237–268 6827:on 1 December 2019 6778:Far Eastern Survey 6714:, pp. 90, 97. 6243:The New York Times 6118:The New York Times 6093:www.britannica.com 5898:The New York Times 5815:11.1 (2016), 147.r 5763:Huynh, Kim Kháhn, 5498:Trần Dân Tiên 1994 5283:on 3 December 2013 5271:Nguyễn Vĩnh Châu. 5112:('President Hồ'), 4782: 4687: 4646:to the main topic. 4640:verifiably mention 4634:possibly contains 4574: 4554: 4548:Temple devoted to 4534: 4515: 4504: 4474: 4445: 4333:Far Eastern Bureau 4324:Chinese Communists 4261: 4213: 4165:Operation Marigold 4157:Janusz Lewandowski 4051: 3986: 3974: 3949: 3934:Vyacheslav Molotov 3898:Becoming president 3779: 3764:Vietnam: A History 3747:French concessions 3737:troops arrived in 3646: 3510: 3498: 3391: 3363:, 12 November 2000 2729:Nepalese Civil War 2689:Great Leap Forward 2617:Chinese Revolution 2290:Kaysone Phomvihane 2005:People's democracy 1943:Collective farming 1822: 1774:Georges Clemenceau 1767:self-determination 1720: 1704: 1636: 1592:Parker House Hotel 1115:Ho Chi Minh Museum 198:Position abolished 17254:Viet Minh members 17139:Anti-revisionists 17134:Anti-imperialists 17119:Age controversies 16992: 16991: 16920:Charles Lindbergh 16853:The American G.I. 16747:Robert H. Goddard 16733:Alexander Fleming 16357:Margaret Thatcher 16329:Eleanor Roosevelt 16287:Ruhollah Khomeini 16280:Pope John Paul II 16259:Mikhail Gorbachev 16245:Winston Churchill 16186: 16185: 16102: 16101: 15811: 15810: 15798:List of conflicts 15646:Rudolph Winnacker 15591:Giles Scott-Smith 15566:Ronald E. Powaski 15521:Melvyn P. Leffler 15451:John Lewis Gaddis 15426:Robert D. English 15391:Warren H. Carroll 15381:Michael Beschloss 15350:Nuclear arms race 15331: 15330: 15237:Neues Deutschland 15139: 15138: 15121:White nationalism 15091:Liberal democracy 14828:Ulbricht Doctrine 14818:Brezhnev Doctrine 14626:Velvet Revolution 14370:Soviet–Afghan War 14186:Angolan Civil War 13983:Goulash Communism 13840:ASEAN Declaration 13793:Mexican Dirty War 13691:Annexation of Goa 13642:1960 U-2 incident 13616:Sino-Soviet split 13594:Laotian Civil War 13434:Bricker Amendment 13414:Mau Mau rebellion 13358:Malayan Emergency 13346:Chinese Civil War 13306:Tito–Stalin split 13160:Division of Korea 12984: 12983: 12764:Hammer and sickle 12255:Communist Parties 12071:Stateless society 12066:Social revolution 12031:Communist society 12001:Classless society 11938: 11937: 11903: 11902: 11868: 11859: 11858: 11855: 11854: 11759:Central Committee 11744: 11743: 11430:Central Committee 11416: 11415: 11340:National Congress 11332:National meetings 11327: 11326: 11304:Central Highlands 11102:Nguyễn Thanh Bình 10961:General Secretary 10951:Central Committee 10892: 10891: 10541:Empire of Vietnam 10530:Empire of Vietnam 10480: 10479: 10403:Nguyễn Minh Triết 10172:Empire of Vietnam 10161:Empire of Vietnam 10111: 10110: 9836:Nguyễn Trung Trực 9771:Nguyễn Quang Bích 9715:Empire of Vietnam 9684:Geneva Conference 9664:August Revolution 9644:Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets 9609:Hanoi Poison Plot 9531: 9530: 9522:Succeeded by 9497:Succeeded by 9467:Succeeded by 9455: 9433:Succeeded by 9421: 9304:White House Years 9159:Halberstam, David 9093:Library resources 9077:978-0-06-092643-4 8838:978-0-429-82822-5 8789:978-0-520-90744-7 8747:978-0-679-64519-1 8719:978-1-317-57184-1 8629:978-0-19-937102-0 8434:978-0-521-85062-9 8413:978-0-7007-1615-9 8069:. Da Mau magazine 8047:Chung Van Hoang, 8025:Stein Tonnesson, 7990:, pp. 26–28. 7938:978-1-920942-27-4 7851:(in Vietnamese). 6938:Szalontai, p. 401 6726:, pp. 97–98. 6630:, pp. 43–53. 6340:978-1-138-69411-8 6310:on 6 October 2009 6276:Tucker, Spencer. 6263:Currey, Cecil B. 6009:, pp. 57–58. 5883:, pp. 23–24. 5719:Gisele Bousquet, 5679:"Maritime Sussex" 5346:978-3-319-89369-3 5245:Trần Quốc Vượng. 5216:on 7 January 2019 4937:[hòcǐmɨn] 4920:[hòcǐmīŋ] 4850:Explanatory notes 4679: 4678: 4671: 4236:Republic of China 4228:Classical Chinese 4185:massive offensive 4082:Mieczysław Maneli 4039:Nikita Khrushchev 4037:Ho Chi Minh with 4024:Hồ Chí Minh trail 3984:near Berlin, 1957 3841:Molotov cocktails 3786:Socialist leader 3563:Chinese Communist 3397:, studied at the 3372: 3371: 3340: 3339: 2679:Sino-Soviet split 2585:Spanish Civil War 2505:Guerrilla Warfare 2467:Theoretical works 2385:Władysław Gomułka 2365:Nicolae Ceaușescu 2315:Nikos Zachariadis 2235:Nikita Khrushchev 2215:Palmiro Togliatti 1985:Labor aristocracy 1963:Dialectical logic 1826:Congress of Tours 1811:Terence MacSwiney 1744:Nguyễn Thế Truyền 1672:New Zealand House 1660:Auguste Escoffier 1613:black nationalist 1470:Nguyễn Tất Thành. 1446:Nguyễn Sinh Khiêm 1428:which was then a 1337:guerrilla warfare 1335:region and began 1321:August Revolution 1200: 1199: 948:Geneva Conference 897:Ho Chi Minh trail 845:August Revolution 776: 775: 741: 740: 721: 602:Nguyễn Sinh Khiêm 156:General Secretary 16:(Redirected from 17336: 17081: 17080: 17079: 17069: 17068: 17067: 17057: 17056: 17045: 17044: 17043: 17033: 17032: 17021: 17020: 17009: 17008: 17007: 17000: 16985: 16978: 16971: 16964: 16957: 16950: 16943: 16936: 16929: 16922: 16915: 16908: 16901: 16894: 16883: 16876: 16869: 16862: 16855: 16848: 16830: 16823: 16816: 16805: 16798: 16796:William Shockley 16791: 16784: 16777: 16770: 16763: 16756: 16749: 16742: 16735: 16728: 16721: 16719:Philo Farnsworth 16714: 16707: 16700: 16693: 16675: 16668: 16661: 16654: 16647: 16640: 16633: 16626: 16619: 16612: 16605: 16598: 16591: 16584: 16577: 16570: 16563: 16556: 16549: 16542: 16524: 16517: 16510: 16508:Steven Spielberg 16503: 16496: 16489: 16482: 16475: 16468: 16461: 16454: 16447: 16440: 16433: 16426: 16419: 16412: 16405: 16398: 16391: 16373: 16366: 16359: 16352: 16345: 16338: 16331: 16324: 16317: 16310: 16303: 16296: 16289: 16282: 16275: 16268: 16261: 16254: 16247: 16240: 16238:David Ben-Gurion 16213: 16206: 16199: 16190: 16189: 16160:Bình Ngô đại cáo 16129: 16122: 16115: 16106: 16105: 15944:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 15901: 15869:Marxism–Leninism 15864:Anti-revisionism 15859:Anti-imperialism 15838: 15831: 15824: 15815: 15814: 15556:David S. Painter 15481:John Earl Haynes 15411:Nicholas J. Cull 15396:Adrian Cioroianu 15376:Thomas A. Bailey 15323:Voice of America 15214: 15213: 15126:White separatism 15106:Social democracy 15101:Guided democracy 15081:Authoritarianism 15031:Ultranationalism 15021:Anti-imperialism 14948:Marxism–Leninism 14861: 14860: 14848:Kinmen Agreement 14813:Johnson Doctrine 14798:Kennedy Doctrine 14714:Frozen conflicts 14697:1991 August Coup 14586:Afghan Civil War 14481:Reykjavík Summit 14476:Somali Rebellion 14416:Ugandan Bush War 14394:Gdańsk Agreement 13915:Protests of 1968 13895:War of Attrition 13604:Cuban Revolution 13540:We will bury you 13507:Cyprus Emergency 13487:Kashmir Princess 13477:Jebel Akhdar War 13326:Western betrayal 13011: 13004: 12997: 12988: 12987: 12974: 12973: 12962: 12961: 12960: 12865:Internationalism 12855:Communitarianism 12219:Communist League 12122:Common ownership 12091:World revolution 12041:Free association 11965: 11958: 11951: 11942: 11941: 11920:Marxism–Leninism 11870: 11869: 11867: 11755: 11754: 11434: 11433: 11425: 11424: 11336: 11335: 11140:(Apr.–Jul. 2001) 11132:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 11092:(June–Dec. 1986) 11066:Nguyễn Duy Trinh 11058:Permanent Member 11041:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 11013:(Jul.–Dec. 1986) 10957: 10956: 10952: 10943: 10942: 10941: 10935: 10931: 10930: 10929: 10919: 10912: 10905: 10896: 10895: 10868:Nguyễn Xuân Phúc 10778:Huỳnh Thúc Kháng 10738:Trần Thiện Khiêm 10713:Nguyễn Xuân Oánh 10698:Nguyễn Xuân Oánh 10637:Nguyễn Phan Long 10615:State of Vietnam 10573:Nguyễn Văn Thinh 10519: 10518: 10517: 10507: 10500: 10493: 10484: 10483: 10433:Nguyễn Xuân Phúc 10427:Nguyễn Phú Trọng 10381:Council of State 10371:Council of State 10299:Nguyễn Văn Thiệu 10223:State of Vietnam 10209:Huỳnh Thúc Kháng 10150: 10149: 10148: 10138: 10131: 10124: 10115: 10114: 10106: 10068:Nguyễn Trọng Hợp 10004:Governor-General 9999:French Indochina 9887:Nguyễn Thần Hiến 9872:Huỳnh Thúc Kháng 9759:Uprising Leaders 9604:Bãi Sậy uprising 9557: 9550: 9543: 9534: 9533: 9505:Preceded by 9482:Preceded by 9449: 9443:Preceded by 9415: 9409:Preceded by 9401: 9400: 9360:100: Hồ Chí Minh 9340:Internet Archive 9314:No More Vietnams 9306:. Little, Brown. 9222: 9210: 9201: 9192: 9178: 9166: 9154: 9135: 9128:Fall, Bernard B. 9081: 9062: 9037: 9012: 9003: 8982: 8958: 8949: 8912: 8887: 8885: 8883: 8868: 8849: 8847: 8845: 8821: 8800: 8798: 8796: 8772: 8751: 8740:. Random House. 8730: 8728: 8726: 8702: 8678: 8654: 8633: 8614: 8595: 8586: 8567: 8546: 8525: 8523: 8521: 8512:. Archived from 8492: 8472: 8459: 8438: 8417: 8386: 8381: 8375: 8374: 8372: 8370: 8355: 8349: 8348: 8346: 8344: 8329: 8323: 8322: 8320: 8318: 8313: 8305: 8299: 8298: 8287: 8281: 8280: 8278: 8276: 8267:. Archived from 8256: 8250: 8249: 8246:content.time.com 8238: 8232: 8231: 8224: 8218: 8217: 8206: 8200: 8199: 8197: 8195: 8171: 8165: 8152: 8146: 8140: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8124:. 15 August 2002 8114: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8100: 8085: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8058: 8052: 8045: 8039: 8023: 8017: 8006: 8000: 7999:McDowell, p. 133 7997: 7991: 7985: 7979: 7978:, 19(2):161–264. 7972: 7966: 7965: 7963: 7961: 7955: 7949:. Archived from 7926: 7915: 7909: 7902: 7896: 7890: 7884: 7875: 7869: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7845:"Đền Thờ Bác Hồ" 7841: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7830: 7810: 7804: 7796: 7790: 7789: 7779: 7773: 7763: 7757: 7751: 7745: 7739: 7730: 7724: 7718: 7712: 7706: 7688: 7682: 7668: 7662: 7656: 7647: 7641: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7615: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7589: 7583: 7579:Pavel Antokolsky 7553:by Aileen Palmer 7551:Older version – 7524: 7500: 7494: 7493: 7481: 7475: 7469: 7456: 7450: 7444: 7438: 7432: 7426: 7420: 7414: 7405: 7399: 7393: 7387: 7381: 7375: 7364: 7358: 7347: 7341: 7335: 7334: 7332: 7330: 7321:. Archived from 7309: 7303: 7296: 7290: 7284: 7275: 7269: 7260: 7259: 7248: 7242: 7235: 7229: 7223: 7217: 7211: 7205: 7199: 7193: 7187: 7181: 7175: 7169: 7163: 7157: 7151: 7145: 7139: 7133: 7127: 7121: 7115: 7109: 7103: 7090: 7084: 7078: 7072: 7066: 7060: 7049: 7043: 7037: 7031: 7025: 7019: 7013: 7007: 7001: 6998: 6992: 6986: 6980: 6979: 6977: 6975: 6965: 6956: 6950: 6939: 6936: 6930: 6929: 6922: 6916: 6913: 6904: 6898: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6887: 6860:Cold War History 6856: 6847: 6841: 6840: 6834: 6832: 6816: 6810: 6809: 6769: 6763: 6757: 6751: 6745: 6739: 6733: 6727: 6721: 6715: 6709: 6703: 6697: 6691: 6685: 6679: 6673: 6667: 6661: 6655: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6631: 6625: 6619: 6616: 6610: 6604: 6598: 6592: 6586: 6583: 6577: 6574: 6568: 6565: 6559: 6553: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6542: 6528: 6522: 6521: 6510: 6504: 6497: 6491: 6484: 6478: 6471: 6465: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6444: 6438: 6432: 6426: 6425: 6423: 6421: 6416:on 13 March 2016 6406: 6400: 6399: 6388: 6382: 6376: 6370: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6351: 6345: 6344: 6326: 6320: 6319: 6317: 6315: 6300: 6294: 6287: 6281: 6274: 6268: 6261: 6255: 6254: 6252: 6250: 6235: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6210: 6201: 6195: 6189: 6188: 6186: 6184: 6173: 6167: 6161: 6155: 6150: 6144: 6138: 6132: 6126: 6120: 6111: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6100: 6085: 6079: 6073: 6067: 6066: 6061:Hong Ha (2010). 6058: 6052: 6046: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6026:. Archived from 6016: 6010: 6004: 5998: 5992: 5983: 5982: 5975: 5964: 5958: 5952: 5934: 5925: 5919: 5902: 5901: 5890: 5884: 5878: 5872: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5837: 5822: 5816: 5805: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5794: 5777:Tran Dan, Tien. 5774: 5768: 5761: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5750: 5741:. Archived from 5730: 5724: 5717: 5711: 5705: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5685:. Archived from 5677:Harries, David. 5674: 5668: 5667: 5659: 5653: 5650:Quinn-Judge 2002 5647: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5625: 5619: 5613: 5607: 5606: 5586: 5580: 5577:Quinn-Judge 2002 5574: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5541: 5535: 5529: 5520: 5516: 5510: 5507: 5501: 5495: 5489: 5483: 5477: 5471: 5465: 5458: 5427: 5426: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5372: 5357: 5351: 5350: 5328: 5322: 5321: 5319: 5317: 5302: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5279:. Archived from 5277:Hợp Lưu Magazine 5268: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5254: 5249:. BBC Vietnamese 5242: 5233: 5231: 5225: 5223: 5221: 5210:Hợp Lưu Magazine 5201: 5195: 5194: 5181: 5164: 5161: 5155: 5152: 5146: 5143: 5137: 5134: 5128: 5118: 5110: 5102: 5096: 5093: 5085: 5077: 5075:Nguyễn Tất Thành 5069: 5063: 5061: 5055: 5049: 5038: 5032: 5030: 5029: 5025: 5024: 5018: 5007: 5006: 5005: 5000: 4999: 4992: 4986: 4985: 4984: 4983: 4977: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4961: 4960: 4955: 4954: 4947: 4941: 4939: 4934: 4930: 4929: 4928: 4922: 4917: 4911: 4907: 4902: 4901: 4898: 4897: 4894: 4891: 4888: 4884: 4883: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4860: 4742:Saint Petersburg 4674: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4654: 4627: 4626: 4619: 4512:Hồ Chí Minh City 4415: 4409: 4358:Independence Day 4172:Nguyễn Chí Thanh 4115:J. Blair Seaborn 4047:Soong Ching-ling 3945:Jawaharlal Nehru 3919:adviser Colonel 3707: 3674:David Ben-Gurion 3667:Atlantic Charter 3650:Archimedes Patti 3569:and traveled to 3548:Dmitry Manuilsky 3388: 3354: 3353: 3342: 3341: 3332: 3325: 3318: 3302: 3301: 3290: 3289: 3278: 3277: 3276: 3235:State capitalism 2659:De-Stalinization 2440:Gennady Zyuganov 2420:Rohana Wijeweera 2275:Klement Gottwald 2270:Valko Chervenkov 2255:Lazar Kaganovich 1931:Central planning 1926:Anti-revisionism 1921:Anti-imperialism 1903: 1893:Marxism–Leninism 1880: 1879: 1870:Dmitry Manuilsky 1850:Raymond Poincaré 1844:while in Paris. 1807:Irish republican 1752: 1716: 1715: 1537:Overseas sojourn 1527:Collège Quốc học 1519:Collège Quốc học 1486:Collège Quốc học 1396: 1395: 1386:Ho Chi Minh City 1350: 1349: 1325:the independence 1318: 1317: 1308: 1307: 1295:French Indochina 1287:Nghệ An province 1284: 1283: 1263:Marxist–Leninist 1237:), and by other 1236: 1226: 1215: 1214: 1213:Nguyễn Sinh Cung 1207: 1206: 1192: 1185: 1178: 1167: 1161: 1135:The Prison Diary 1105:Ho Chi Minh City 1075:Marxism–Leninism 984:Invasion of Laos 803:Overseas sojourn 772: 771: 769: 762: 754: 747: 746: 743: 742: 723: 722: 698: 650: 649: 640: 639: 619: 618: 611: 610: 605: 604: 595: 594: 593:Nguyễn Thị Thanh 589: 588: 570: 568: 564: 478: 475:2 September 1969 466:French Indochina 459: 458: 450: 448: 441: 440: 439:Nguyễn Sinh Cung 428:Personal details 417: 393: 392: 386: 379: 378: 377:Nguyễn Tường Tam 372: 363: 354: 353: 351:Nguyễn Tường Tam 345: 338: 335: 334: 326: 317: 301: 300: 292: 280: 279: 271: 262: 245: 244: 238: 231: 230: 224: 215: 194: 182: 158: 147: 131: 130: 122: 110: 109: 101: 92: 70: 67: 62: 52: 51: 39: 38: 21: 17344: 17343: 17339: 17338: 17337: 17335: 17334: 17333: 17089: 17088: 17087: 17077: 17075: 17065: 17063: 17051: 17041: 17039: 17027: 17015: 17005: 17003: 16995: 16993: 16988: 16981: 16974: 16969:Andrei Sakharov 16967: 16962:Jackie Robinson 16960: 16953: 16946: 16939: 16932: 16925: 16918: 16911: 16904: 16897: 16886: 16879: 16872: 16865: 16858: 16851: 16844: 16833: 16828:Wright brothers 16826: 16819: 16808: 16801: 16794: 16787: 16780: 16773: 16766: 16759: 16752: 16745: 16738: 16731: 16724: 16717: 16712:Albert Einstein 16710: 16703: 16698:Tim Berners-Lee 16696: 16689: 16678: 16671: 16664: 16657: 16650: 16643: 16636: 16629: 16622: 16615: 16608: 16601: 16594: 16587: 16582:Amadeo Giannini 16580: 16573: 16566: 16559: 16552: 16545: 16538: 16527: 16520: 16515:Igor Stravinsky 16513: 16506: 16499: 16492: 16485: 16478: 16471: 16464: 16457: 16452:Aretha Franklin 16450: 16443: 16436: 16429: 16424:Charlie Chaplin 16422: 16415: 16408: 16401: 16394: 16389:Louis Armstrong 16387: 16376: 16369: 16362: 16355: 16350:Margaret Sanger 16348: 16341: 16334: 16327: 16320: 16313: 16306: 16299: 16292: 16285: 16278: 16271: 16264: 16257: 16250: 16243: 16236: 16225: 16217: 16187: 16182: 16148:Nam quốc sơn hà 16138: 16133: 16103: 16098: 16070: 16010: 15974: 15948: 15929:Nguyễn Văn Linh 15902: 15893: 15874:Social Morality 15847: 15842: 15812: 15807: 15784: 15775:Second Cold War 15733: 15661: 15655: 15631:Odd Arne Westad 15621:Patrick Vaughan 15606:Athan Theoharis 15586:Ellen Schrecker 15571:Yakov M. Rabkin 15546:Timothy Naftali 15491:Tvrtko Jakovina 15476:Jussi Hanhimäki 15359: 15337: 15327: 15305:Paix et Liberté 15280: 15224:Active measures 15205: 15135: 15116:White supremacy 15076:Totalitarianism 15004: 14929: 14852: 14838:Reagan Doctrine 14833:Carter Doctrine 14773:Truman Doctrine 14761: 14708: 14640: 14535:Soviet reaction 14446:Ndogboyosoi War 14353: 14324:Saur Revolution 14151:1973 oil crisis 14116:Munich massacre 14024:Alcora Exercise 14019:Black September 13997: 13743:Sino-Indian War 13637:Simba rebellion 13620: 13464:Capture of the 13372: 13311:Berlin Blockade 13244:May 1947 crises 13234:Truman Doctrine 13199:Greek Civil War 13188:Blacklist Forty 13155:Gouzenko Affair 13142:Cursed soldiers 13094:Morgenthau Plan 13082: 13020: 13015: 12985: 12980: 12968: 12958: 12956: 12948: 12823: 12792: 12750: 12672: 12294: 12243: 12205: 12141: 12112:Planned economy 12100: 12086:World communism 12061:Labour movement 12021:Communist state 12011:Communist party 11986:Anti-capitalism 11974: 11969: 11939: 11934: 11899: 11851: 11750: 11740: 11662: 11584: 11516: 11429: 11412: 11323: 11309:Judicial Reform 11299:Anti-corruption 11287: 11222: 11191: 11168:Trần Quốc Vượng 11150:Trương Tấn Sang 11090:Nguyễn Văn Linh 11052: 11017:Nguyễn Văn Linh 10950: 10944: 10939: 10937: 10933: 10927: 10925: 10923: 10893: 10888: 10876: 10873:Phạm Minh Chính 10863:Nguyễn Tấn Dũng 10811: 10786: 10751: 10688:Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ 10666: 10609: 10606:Nguyễn Văn Xuân 10599: 10591: 10583:Nguyễn Văn Xuân 10551: 10524: 10515: 10513: 10511: 10481: 10476: 10461: 10451:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân 10439:Võ Thị Ánh Xuân 10409:Trương Tấn Sang 10337: 10312: 10249: 10217: 10182: 10155: 10146: 10144: 10142: 10112: 10107: 10097:Wars in Vietnam 10093: 10087: 10046: 9977: 9941: 9932:Phan Văn Trường 9897:Nguyễn Thái Học 9845:Revolutionaries 9840: 9831:Đinh Công Tráng 9821:Tôn Thất Thuyết 9801:Phan Đình Phùng 9786:Nguyễn Hữu Huân 9754: 9688: 9579:Siege of Saigon 9567: 9561: 9527: 9518: 9510: 9500: 9493: 9485: 9472: 9463: 9448: 9438: 9429: 9414: 9323: 9296: 9256: 9243:Trương Như Tảng 9229: 9215:Tôn Thất, Thiện 9191:. Random House. 9183:Lacouture, Jean 9142: 9126: 9123: 9118: 9117: 9116: 9101: 9100: 9096: 9089: 9087:Further reading 9084: 9078: 9059: 9034: 9000: 8979: 8938: 8909: 8881: 8879: 8865: 8843: 8841: 8839: 8794: 8792: 8790: 8769: 8748: 8724: 8722: 8720: 8699: 8675: 8659:Karnow, Stanley 8651: 8630: 8611: 8583: 8564: 8543: 8519: 8517: 8510: 8456: 8435: 8414: 8395: 8390: 8389: 8382: 8378: 8368: 8366: 8357: 8356: 8352: 8342: 8340: 8330: 8326: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8307: 8306: 8302: 8289: 8288: 8284: 8274: 8272: 8271:on 9 March 2018 8257: 8253: 8240: 8239: 8235: 8226: 8225: 8221: 8208: 8207: 8203: 8193: 8191: 8182: 8179:Wayback Machine 8172: 8168: 8162:Wayback Machine 8153: 8149: 8141: 8137: 8127: 8125: 8116: 8115: 8108: 8098: 8096: 8086: 8082: 8072: 8070: 8059: 8055: 8046: 8042: 8036:Wayback Machine 8024: 8020: 8007: 8003: 7998: 7994: 7986: 7982: 7973: 7969: 7959: 7957: 7953: 7939: 7924: 7916: 7912: 7903: 7899: 7891: 7887: 7876: 7872: 7862: 7860: 7843: 7842: 7838: 7828: 7826: 7811: 7807: 7797: 7793: 7781: 7780: 7776: 7764: 7760: 7752: 7748: 7740: 7733: 7725: 7721: 7713: 7709: 7689: 7685: 7669: 7665: 7657: 7650: 7642: 7638: 7628: 7626: 7616: 7612: 7602: 7600: 7591: 7590: 7586: 7540:Wayback Machine 7518: 7501: 7497: 7482: 7478: 7470: 7459: 7451: 7447: 7439: 7435: 7427: 7423: 7415: 7408: 7400: 7396: 7388: 7384: 7376: 7367: 7359: 7350: 7342: 7338: 7328: 7326: 7311: 7310: 7306: 7300:China Quarterly 7297: 7293: 7285: 7278: 7270: 7263: 7250: 7249: 7245: 7236: 7232: 7224: 7220: 7212: 7208: 7200: 7196: 7188: 7184: 7176: 7172: 7164: 7160: 7152: 7148: 7140: 7136: 7128: 7124: 7116: 7112: 7104: 7093: 7085: 7081: 7073: 7069: 7061: 7052: 7044: 7040: 7032: 7028: 7020: 7016: 7008: 7004: 6999: 6995: 6987: 6983: 6973: 6971: 6967: 6966: 6959: 6951: 6942: 6937: 6933: 6924: 6923: 6919: 6914: 6907: 6899: 6895: 6885: 6883: 6854: 6848: 6844: 6830: 6828: 6817: 6813: 6790:10.2307/3024603 6770: 6766: 6758: 6754: 6746: 6742: 6734: 6730: 6722: 6718: 6710: 6706: 6698: 6694: 6686: 6682: 6674: 6670: 6662: 6658: 6650: 6646: 6638: 6634: 6626: 6622: 6617: 6613: 6605: 6601: 6593: 6589: 6584: 6580: 6575: 6571: 6566: 6562: 6554: 6550: 6540: 6538: 6530: 6529: 6525: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6498: 6494: 6486:Ngo Van (2000) 6485: 6481: 6472: 6468: 6460: 6456: 6446: 6445: 6441: 6433: 6429: 6419: 6417: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6390: 6389: 6385: 6377: 6373: 6363: 6361: 6353: 6352: 6348: 6341: 6327: 6323: 6313: 6311: 6302: 6301: 6297: 6288: 6284: 6280:(vol. 2), 1998 6275: 6271: 6262: 6258: 6248: 6246: 6237: 6236: 6229: 6219: 6217: 6212: 6211: 6204: 6196: 6192: 6182: 6180: 6175: 6174: 6170: 6162: 6158: 6151: 6147: 6139: 6135: 6127: 6123: 6112: 6108: 6098: 6096: 6087: 6086: 6082: 6074: 6070: 6059: 6055: 6047: 6043: 6033: 6031: 6024:u-s-history.com 6018: 6017: 6013: 6005: 6001: 5993: 5986: 5981:. 30 June 2013. 5977: 5976: 5967: 5959: 5955: 5943: 5935: 5928: 5920: 5905: 5892: 5891: 5887: 5879: 5875: 5867: 5863: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5835: 5833: 5823: 5819: 5806: 5802: 5792: 5790: 5789:on 17 June 2015 5775: 5771: 5762: 5758: 5748: 5746: 5731: 5727: 5718: 5714: 5706: 5702: 5692: 5690: 5675: 5671: 5660: 5656: 5648: 5644: 5634: 5632: 5627: 5626: 5622: 5614: 5610: 5603: 5587: 5583: 5575: 5564: 5556: 5552: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5530: 5523: 5517: 5513: 5508: 5504: 5496: 5492: 5484: 5480: 5472: 5468: 5459: 5430: 5413: 5409: 5399: 5397: 5392:The OpenLab at 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5359: 5358: 5354: 5347: 5329: 5325: 5315: 5313: 5303: 5296: 5286: 5284: 5269: 5262: 5252: 5250: 5243: 5236: 5219: 5217: 5202: 5198: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5167: 5162: 5158: 5153: 5149: 5144: 5140: 5135: 5131: 5103: 5099: 5070: 5066: 5056: 5052: 5044:. In 1989, the 5039: 5035: 5019: 5010: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4978: 4970: 4969: 4965: 4948: 4944: 4932: 4924: 4923: 4915: 4909: 4905: 4885: 4877: 4866: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4852: 4830: 4774: 4675: 4664: 4658: 4655: 4648: 4638:which does not 4628: 4624: 4617: 4570:Phạm Minh Chính 4564:U.S. President 4550:Nguyễn Sinh Sắc 4501:Vietnamese flag 4470:Georgy Malenkov 4433: 4403: 4342: 4201: 4153:Chester Ronning 4106:Robert McNamara 4004: 3998: 3921:Edward Lansdale 3913:one-party state 3900: 3720: 3714: 3701: 3695:Nguyễn Hải Thần 3663:Harry S. Truman 3625:Sino-Vietnamese 3599: 3544:Lenin Institute 3463:Chiang Kai-shek 3434:Mikhail Borodin 3382: 3351: 3345:External videos 3336: 3296: 3284: 3274: 3272: 3265: 3264: 3260:Totalitarianism 3240:State socialism 3170: 3147: 3139: 3138: 3114: 3106: 3105: 3011: 3003: 3002: 2742: 2734: 2733: 2602:Greek Civil War 2533: 2525: 2524: 2484: 2468: 2460: 2459: 2400:Mathieu Kérékou 2300:Leonid Brezhnev 2265:Bolesław Bierut 2260:Georgi Dimitrov 2245:Josip Broz Tito 2240:Walter Ulbricht 2170: 2162: 2161: 2102: 2094: 2093: 1995:One-party state 1980:under socialism 1979: 1911: 1878: 1852:to outlaw such 1746: 1736:Phan Văn Trường 1732:Phan Châu Trinh 1696: 1676:High Commission 1628: 1580: 1572:Colonial School 1544: 1539: 1434:Nguyễn Sinh Sắc 1426:Central Vietnam 1406: 1391:The details of 1343:in 1954 at the 1196: 1162: 1155: 1096: 1059: 854: 814: 788: 781: 767: 765: 764: 763: 760: 758: 733: 732: 731: 730: 729: 727: 724: 714: 711: 686: 654: 637:Nguyễn Sinh Sắc 623: 617:Nguyễn Sinh Xin 572: 569: 1931) 560: 556: 553: 551:Tăng Tuyết Minh 540: 515: 514:Other political 503:Political party 480: 476: 452: 446: 444: 443: 442: 418: 413: 391:Hoàng Minh Giám 384: 370: 364: 359: 343: 336: 332:Trần Văn Chương 324: 318: 313: 290: 269: 263: 258: 236: 222: 216: 211: 192: 180: 175: 154: 148: 143: 120: 99: 93: 88: 71: 68: 53: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 17342: 17332: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17316: 17311: 17306: 17301: 17296: 17291: 17286: 17281: 17276: 17271: 17266: 17261: 17256: 17251: 17246: 17241: 17236: 17231: 17226: 17221: 17216: 17211: 17206: 17201: 17196: 17191: 17186: 17181: 17176: 17171: 17166: 17161: 17156: 17151: 17146: 17141: 17136: 17131: 17126: 17121: 17116: 17111: 17106: 17101: 17086: 17085: 17073: 17061: 17049: 17037: 17025: 17013: 16990: 16989: 16987: 16986: 16979: 16972: 16965: 16958: 16951: 16944: 16937: 16934:Marilyn Monroe 16930: 16923: 16916: 16909: 16906:Kennedy family 16902: 16895: 16892:Tenzing Norgay 16888:Edmund Hillary 16884: 16877: 16870: 16863: 16856: 16849: 16841: 16839: 16835: 16834: 16832: 16831: 16824: 16817: 16806: 16799: 16792: 16785: 16778: 16771: 16764: 16757: 16750: 16743: 16736: 16729: 16722: 16715: 16708: 16701: 16694: 16686: 16684: 16680: 16679: 16677: 16676: 16669: 16662: 16655: 16648: 16641: 16638:Walter Reuther 16634: 16627: 16620: 16617:Louis B. Mayer 16613: 16606: 16603:William Levitt 16599: 16592: 16585: 16578: 16571: 16564: 16557: 16554:Willis Carrier 16550: 16543: 16535: 16533: 16529: 16528: 16526: 16525: 16518: 16511: 16504: 16497: 16490: 16483: 16476: 16469: 16462: 16455: 16448: 16441: 16434: 16427: 16420: 16413: 16406: 16399: 16392: 16384: 16382: 16378: 16377: 16375: 16374: 16367: 16360: 16353: 16346: 16339: 16332: 16325: 16318: 16311: 16308:Nelson Mandela 16304: 16301:Vladimir Lenin 16297: 16290: 16283: 16276: 16269: 16262: 16255: 16252:Mahatma Gandhi 16248: 16241: 16233: 16231: 16227: 16226: 16216: 16215: 16208: 16201: 16193: 16184: 16183: 16181: 16180: 16168: 16156: 16153:Lý Thường Kiệt 16143: 16140: 16139: 16132: 16131: 16124: 16117: 16109: 16100: 16099: 16097: 16096: 16091: 16086: 16081: 16075: 16072: 16071: 16069: 16068: 16067: 16066: 16061: 16051: 16046: 16045: 16044: 16039: 16034: 16024: 16018: 16016: 16015:Related topics 16012: 16011: 16009: 16008: 16003: 15998: 15993: 15988: 15982: 15980: 15976: 15975: 15973: 15972: 15967: 15962: 15956: 15954: 15950: 15949: 15947: 15946: 15941: 15936: 15931: 15926: 15921: 15919:Võ Nguyên Giáp 15916: 15910: 15908: 15904: 15903: 15896: 15894: 15892: 15891: 15886: 15884:Self-criticism 15881: 15876: 15871: 15866: 15861: 15855: 15853: 15852:Basic concepts 15849: 15848: 15841: 15840: 15833: 15826: 15818: 15809: 15808: 15806: 15805: 15800: 15795: 15789: 15786: 15785: 15783: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15767: 15762: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15741: 15739: 15735: 15734: 15732: 15731: 15726: 15721: 15716: 15711: 15706: 15701: 15696: 15691: 15686: 15681: 15676: 15671: 15665: 15663: 15657: 15656: 15654: 15653: 15648: 15643: 15638: 15633: 15628: 15623: 15618: 15613: 15608: 15603: 15601:Timothy Snyder 15598: 15593: 15588: 15583: 15578: 15573: 15568: 15563: 15558: 15553: 15548: 15543: 15538: 15533: 15531:Vojtech Mastny 15528: 15526:Geir Lundestad 15523: 15518: 15516:Walter Laqueur 15513: 15511:Walter LaFeber 15508: 15503: 15498: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15478: 15473: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15453: 15448: 15443: 15441:André Fontaine 15438: 15433: 15428: 15423: 15418: 15413: 15408: 15403: 15398: 15393: 15388: 15383: 15378: 15373: 15371:Gar Alperovitz 15367: 15365: 15361: 15360: 15358: 15357: 15352: 15347: 15341: 15339: 15333: 15332: 15329: 15328: 15326: 15325: 15320: 15314: 15313: 15308: 15301: 15296: 15288: 15286: 15282: 15281: 15279: 15278: 15271: 15266: 15259: 15252: 15247: 15240: 15233: 15226: 15220: 15218: 15211: 15207: 15206: 15204: 15203: 15198: 15193: 15188: 15183: 15178: 15173: 15168: 15163: 15158: 15153: 15147: 15145: 15141: 15140: 15137: 15136: 15134: 15133: 15128: 15123: 15118: 15113: 15111:Third-Worldism 15108: 15103: 15098: 15093: 15088: 15083: 15078: 15073: 15068: 15063: 15058: 15053: 15048: 15043: 15038: 15033: 15028: 15023: 15018: 15012: 15010: 15006: 15005: 15003: 15002: 14997: 14992: 14987: 14982: 14977: 14970: 14965: 14960: 14955: 14950: 14945: 14939: 14937: 14931: 14930: 14928: 14927: 14922: 14917: 14912: 14907: 14902: 14900:Libertarianism 14897: 14892: 14891: 14890: 14880: 14878:Chicago school 14875: 14869: 14867: 14858: 14854: 14853: 14851: 14850: 14845: 14840: 14835: 14830: 14825: 14823:Nixon Doctrine 14820: 14815: 14810: 14805: 14800: 14795: 14790: 14785: 14780: 14775: 14769: 14767: 14766:Foreign policy 14763: 14762: 14760: 14759: 14754: 14749: 14744: 14739: 14734: 14729: 14724: 14718: 14716: 14710: 14709: 14707: 14706: 14701: 14700: 14699: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14674: 14669: 14664: 14659: 14654: 14648: 14646: 14642: 14641: 14639: 14638: 14633: 14628: 14623: 14618: 14613: 14608: 14603: 14598: 14593: 14588: 14583: 14578: 14573: 14568: 14563: 14558: 14553: 14551:Operation RYAN 14548: 14543: 14538: 14528: 14523: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14503: 14498: 14493: 14488: 14483: 14478: 14473: 14468: 14463: 14458: 14456:Able Archer 83 14453: 14448: 14443: 14438: 14433: 14428: 14423: 14418: 14413: 14408: 14403: 14402: 14401: 14391: 14386: 14381: 14372: 14367: 14361: 14359: 14355: 14354: 14352: 14351: 14346: 14341: 14336: 14331: 14326: 14321: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14301: 14296: 14291: 14286: 14281: 14276: 14271: 14266: 14261: 14253: 14248: 14243: 14238: 14233: 14228: 14223: 14218: 14213: 14208: 14206:Oromo conflict 14203: 14198: 14193: 14188: 14183: 14178: 14173: 14168: 14163: 14158: 14153: 14148: 14146:Yom Kippur War 14143: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14118: 14113: 14108: 14103: 14098: 14093: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14063: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14041: 14036: 14031: 14026: 14021: 14016: 14011: 14005: 14003: 13999: 13998: 13996: 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13970: 13969: 13968: 13958: 13953: 13948: 13943: 13938: 13929: 13924: 13923: 13922: 13912: 13907: 13902: 13897: 13892: 13887: 13882: 13877: 13872: 13867: 13862: 13857: 13852: 13847: 13842: 13837: 13832: 13827: 13822: 13817: 13812: 13807: 13802: 13801: 13800: 13790: 13785: 13780: 13778:Aden Emergency 13775: 13770: 13765: 13760: 13755: 13750: 13745: 13740: 13735: 13730: 13729: 13728: 13723: 13718: 13708: 13703: 13698: 13696:Papua conflict 13693: 13688: 13683: 13678: 13677: 13676: 13666: 13665: 13664: 13654: 13649: 13644: 13639: 13634: 13628: 13626: 13622: 13621: 13619: 13618: 13613: 13612: 13611: 13601: 13599:Kitchen Debate 13596: 13591: 13586: 13581: 13576: 13571: 13566: 13561: 13559:Sputnik crisis 13556: 13551: 13543: 13536: 13531: 13529:Polish October 13526: 13521: 13516: 13509: 13504: 13499: 13494: 13489: 13484: 13479: 13474: 13469: 13461: 13456: 13451: 13446: 13441: 13436: 13431: 13429:Pact of Madrid 13426: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13401: 13396: 13391: 13386: 13384:Bamboo Curtain 13380: 13378: 13374: 13373: 13371: 13370: 13365: 13360: 13355: 13354: 13353: 13343: 13338: 13333: 13328: 13323: 13318: 13313: 13308: 13303: 13298: 13293: 13288: 13283: 13278: 13277: 13276: 13271: 13266: 13256: 13251: 13246: 13241: 13236: 13231: 13226: 13221: 13216: 13211: 13206: 13201: 13196: 13191: 13183: 13175: 13167: 13162: 13157: 13152: 13144: 13139: 13138: 13137: 13132: 13124: 13111: 13106: 13101: 13096: 13090: 13088: 13084: 13083: 13081: 13080: 13075: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13050: 13045: 13040: 13033: 13025: 13022: 13021: 13014: 13013: 13006: 12999: 12991: 12982: 12981: 12979: 12978: 12966: 12953: 12950: 12949: 12947: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12910: 12909: 12899: 12894: 12889: 12888: 12887: 12882: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12831: 12829: 12828:Related topics 12825: 12824: 12822: 12821: 12816: 12811: 12806: 12804:Anti-communism 12800: 12798: 12794: 12793: 12791: 12790: 12783: 12776: 12771: 12766: 12760: 12758: 12752: 12751: 12749: 12748: 12743: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12707: 12706: 12696: 12691: 12686: 12680: 12678: 12674: 12673: 12671: 12670: 12665: 12660: 12655: 12650: 12645: 12640: 12635: 12630: 12625: 12620: 12615: 12610: 12605: 12600: 12595: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12520: 12515: 12510: 12505: 12500: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12480: 12475: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12445: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12425: 12420: 12415: 12410: 12405: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12375: 12370: 12365: 12360: 12355: 12350: 12345: 12340: 12335: 12330: 12325: 12320: 12315: 12310: 12304: 12302: 12296: 12295: 12293: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12251: 12249: 12245: 12244: 12242: 12241: 12236: 12231: 12226: 12221: 12215: 12213: 12207: 12206: 12204: 12203: 12202: 12201: 12191: 12186: 12185: 12184: 12174: 12173: 12172: 12167: 12157: 12151: 12149: 12143: 12142: 12140: 12139: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12119: 12114: 12108: 12106: 12102: 12101: 12099: 12098: 12093: 12088: 12083: 12078: 12073: 12068: 12063: 12058: 12053: 12048: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12023: 12018: 12013: 12008: 12003: 11998: 11993: 11991:Class conflict 11988: 11982: 11980: 11976: 11975: 11968: 11967: 11960: 11953: 11945: 11936: 11935: 11933: 11932: 11927: 11922: 11917: 11911: 11909: 11905: 11904: 11901: 11900: 11898: 11897: 11892: 11887: 11882: 11876: 11874: 11865: 11861: 11860: 11857: 11856: 11853: 11852: 11850: 11849: 11844: 11838: 11833: 11824: 11819: 11814: 11809: 11804: 11799: 11794: 11789: 11784: 11779: 11774: 11769: 11763: 11761: 11752: 11746: 11745: 11742: 11741: 11739: 11738: 11733: 11728: 11723: 11718: 11713: 11708: 11703: 11698: 11693: 11688: 11683: 11678: 11672: 11670: 11664: 11663: 11661: 11660: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11594: 11592: 11586: 11585: 11583: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11547: 11542: 11537: 11532: 11526: 11524: 11518: 11517: 11515: 11514: 11509: 11504: 11499: 11494: 11489: 11480:8th: 1996–01 ( 11478: 11473: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11448: 11442: 11440: 11431: 11428:Elected by the 11422: 11418: 11417: 11414: 11413: 11411: 11410: 11405: 11400: 11395: 11390: 11385: 11380: 11375: 11370: 11365: 11360: 11355: 11350: 11344: 11342: 11333: 11329: 11328: 11325: 11324: 11322: 11321: 11316: 11311: 11306: 11301: 11295: 11293: 11289: 11288: 11286: 11285: 11278: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11239:Central Office 11236: 11230: 11228: 11224: 11223: 11221: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11199: 11197: 11193: 11192: 11190: 11189: 11188:(2024–present) 11183: 11180:Trương Thị Mai 11177: 11171: 11165: 11162:Đinh Thế Huynh 11159: 11153: 11147: 11141: 11138:Trần Đình Hoan 11135: 11129: 11126:Phạm Thế Duyệt 11123: 11117: 11111: 11105: 11099: 11093: 11087: 11081: 11075: 11069: 11062: 11060: 11054: 11053: 11051: 11050: 11049:(2024–present) 11044: 11038: 11032: 11026: 11020: 11014: 11008: 11002: 10996: 10990: 10984: 10978: 10972: 10965: 10963: 10954: 10946: 10945: 10922: 10921: 10914: 10907: 10899: 10890: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10881: 10878: 10877: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10845: 10840: 10835: 10822: 10820: 10819:(1976–present) 10813: 10812: 10810: 10808:Huỳnh Tấn Phát 10797: 10795: 10788: 10787: 10785: 10780: 10775: 10762: 10760: 10753: 10752: 10750: 10745: 10740: 10735: 10733:Trần Văn Hương 10730: 10728:Nguyễn Văn Lộc 10725: 10720: 10715: 10710: 10708:Trần Văn Hương 10705: 10700: 10695: 10690: 10677: 10675: 10668: 10667: 10665: 10664: 10659: 10654: 10649: 10647:Nguyễn Văn Tâm 10644: 10639: 10634: 10620: 10618: 10611: 10610: 10608: 10603: 10601: 10593: 10592: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10562: 10560: 10553: 10552: 10550: 10549: 10547:Trần Trọng Kim 10535: 10533: 10526: 10525: 10510: 10509: 10502: 10495: 10487: 10478: 10477: 10475: 10472: 10469: 10466: 10463: 10462: 10460: 10459:(2024-present) 10454: 10448: 10442: 10436: 10430: 10424: 10418: 10415:Trần Đại Quang 10412: 10406: 10400: 10397:Trần Đức Lương 10394: 10388: 10378: 10368: 10365:Nguyễn Hữu Thọ 10362: 10348: 10346: 10345:(1976–present) 10339: 10338: 10336: 10334:Nguyễn Hữu Thọ 10323: 10321: 10314: 10313: 10311: 10309:Dương Văn Minh 10306: 10304:Trần Văn Hương 10301: 10296: 10291: 10289:Dương Văn Minh 10286: 10283: 10278: 10276:Dương Văn Minh 10273: 10260: 10258: 10251: 10250: 10248: 10247: 10242: 10228: 10226: 10219: 10218: 10216: 10211: 10206: 10193: 10191: 10184: 10183: 10181: 10180: 10166: 10164: 10157: 10156: 10141: 10140: 10133: 10126: 10118: 10109: 10108: 10105: 10104: 10099: 10092: 10089: 10088: 10086: 10085: 10080: 10075: 10073:Huỳnh Công Tấn 10070: 10065: 10060: 10058:Hoàng Cao Khải 10054: 10052: 10048: 10047: 10045: 10044: 10043: 10042: 10032: 10031: 10030: 10020: 10019: 10018: 10008: 10007: 10006: 9996: 9991: 9989:Albert Sarraut 9985: 9983: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9949: 9947: 9943: 9942: 9940: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9927:Phan Chu Trinh 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9907:Nguyễn An Ninh 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9848: 9846: 9842: 9841: 9839: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9811:Hoàng Hoa Thám 9808: 9803: 9798: 9796:Nguyễn Xuân Ôn 9793: 9791:Phan Xích Long 9788: 9783: 9778: 9773: 9768: 9762: 9760: 9756: 9755: 9753: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9720:Nguyễn dynasty 9717: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9696: 9694: 9690: 9689: 9687: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9639:Yên Bái mutiny 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9575: 9573: 9569: 9568: 9560: 9559: 9552: 9545: 9537: 9529: 9528: 9523: 9520: 9511: 9506: 9502: 9501: 9498: 9495: 9486: 9483: 9479: 9478: 9474: 9473: 9468: 9465: 9456: 9446:Trần Trọng Kim 9444: 9440: 9439: 9434: 9431: 9422: 9410: 9406: 9405: 9399: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9379: 9373: 9363: 9354: 9342: 9333: 9322: 9321:External links 9319: 9318: 9317: 9307: 9295: 9292: 9291: 9290: 9283: 9276: 9269: 9255: 9254:War in Vietnam 9252: 9251: 9250: 9240: 9228: 9225: 9224: 9223: 9211: 9202: 9193: 9179: 9170: 9167: 9155: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9136: 9130:, ed. (1967). 9122: 9119: 9115: 9114: 9109: 9103: 9102: 9091: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9083: 9082: 9076: 9063: 9058:978-1139489010 9057: 9038: 9033:978-0801472732 9032: 9013: 9004: 8999:978-1857289220 8998: 8983: 8978:978-9810021399 8977: 8963:Tôn Thất Thiện 8959: 8950: 8937:978-1400860586 8936: 8913: 8908:978-0520235335 8907: 8888: 8869: 8864:978-0807882696 8863: 8850: 8837: 8822: 8801: 8788: 8773: 8768:978-0520954977 8767: 8752: 8746: 8731: 8718: 8703: 8698:978-0743212441 8697: 8683:Langguth, A.J. 8679: 8674:978-0712600101 8673: 8655: 8650:978-0742573956 8649: 8634: 8628: 8615: 8609: 8596: 8587: 8581: 8568: 8563:978-0805203295 8562: 8547: 8542:978-1401305611 8541: 8526: 8516:on 13 May 2021 8509:978-0786887019 8508: 8493: 8473: 8460: 8455:978-0253338549 8454: 8439: 8433: 8418: 8412: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8388: 8387: 8376: 8350: 8324: 8300: 8295:www.c-span.org 8282: 8251: 8233: 8219: 8201: 8166: 8147: 8135: 8106: 8080: 8053: 8040: 8018: 8001: 7992: 7980: 7967: 7947:j.ctt2jbjds.12 7937: 7910: 7897: 7885: 7870: 7836: 7805: 7791: 7774: 7758: 7756:, p. 244. 7746: 7744:, p. 199. 7731: 7719: 7707: 7701:, p. 34; 7683: 7677:, p. 40; 7663: 7648: 7636: 7610: 7584: 7582: 7581: 7575: 7566: 7557: 7556: 7555: 7543: 7526: 7509: 7495: 7476: 7474:, p. 597. 7457: 7455:, p. 535. 7445: 7443:, p. 440. 7433: 7421: 7419:, p. 439. 7406: 7404:, p. 493. 7394: 7382: 7380:, p. 492. 7365: 7363:, p. 413. 7348: 7346:, p. 456. 7336: 7304: 7291: 7289:, p. 356. 7276: 7274:, p. 355. 7261: 7243: 7230: 7228:, p. 290. 7218: 7206: 7204:, p. 348. 7194: 7182: 7180:, p. 272. 7170: 7168:, p. 203. 7158: 7156:, p. 271. 7146: 7134: 7132:, p. 255. 7122: 7110: 7108:, p. 292. 7091: 7089:, p. 165. 7079: 7077:, p. 237. 7067: 7065:, p. 291. 7050: 7048:, p. 174. 7038: 7026: 7024:, p. 550. 7014: 7002: 6993: 6981: 6957: 6940: 6931: 6917: 6905: 6893: 6867:(4): 395–426. 6842: 6811: 6784:(8): 113–126. 6764: 6762:, p. 143. 6752: 6740: 6728: 6716: 6704: 6702:, p. 603. 6692: 6680: 6678:, p. 604. 6668: 6666:, p. 107. 6656: 6654:, p. 610. 6644: 6632: 6620: 6611: 6607:Valentino 2005 6599: 6597:, p. 252. 6587: 6578: 6569: 6560: 6548: 6536:lonesentry.com 6523: 6505: 6492: 6479: 6466: 6454: 6439: 6427: 6401: 6383: 6371: 6346: 6339: 6321: 6295: 6289:Colvin, John. 6282: 6269: 6256: 6245:. 21 June 1987 6227: 6202: 6200:, p. 461. 6190: 6168: 6166:, p. 460. 6156: 6145: 6133: 6131:, p. 198. 6121: 6106: 6095:. 20 June 2023 6080: 6068: 6053: 6041: 6011: 5999: 5984: 5965: 5953: 5951:(1964), p. 18. 5926: 5903: 5885: 5873: 5861: 5843: 5831:Irish Examiner 5817: 5800: 5769: 5756: 5745:on 10 May 2015 5725: 5712: 5700: 5683:Sussex Express 5669: 5654: 5642: 5620: 5608: 5602:978-1440801020 5601: 5581: 5562: 5550: 5536: 5534:, p. 125. 5521: 5511: 5502: 5490: 5478: 5474:Duncanson 1957 5466: 5428: 5407: 5378: 5352: 5345: 5323: 5294: 5260: 5234: 5196: 5175: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5156: 5147: 5138: 5129: 5097: 5083:Nguyễn Ái Quốc 5064: 5059:[ɓǎːk] 5050: 5033: 5008: 4987: 4963: 4942: 4854: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4847: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4829: 4826: 4817:The Black Race 4773: 4770: 4677: 4676: 4631: 4629: 4622: 4616: 4613: 4432: 4429: 4421:Fall of Saigon 4351:Ba Đình Square 4341: 4338: 4221:Nguyễn dynasty 4200: 4197: 4000:Main article: 3997: 3994: 3982:Young Pioneers 3899: 3896: 3837:suicide weapon 3728:Douglas Gracey 3716:Main article: 3713: 3710: 3598: 3595: 3587:Võ Nguyên Giáp 3422:William Duiker 3370: 3369: 3347: 3346: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3312: 3309: 3308: 3307: 3306: 3294: 3282: 3267: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3257: 3255:Third-Worldism 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3226: 3225: 3215: 3210: 3208:Post-communism 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3179: 3178: 3166: 3165: 3164: 3157:Anti-communism 3154: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3141: 3140: 3137: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3121: 3115: 3113:Related topics 3112: 3111: 3108: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3012: 3009: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3001: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2963: 2958: 2957: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2815: 2814: 2809: 2802:Czechoslovakia 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2783: 2782: 2777: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2743: 2740: 2739: 2736: 2735: 2732: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2598: 2597: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2561: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2480: 2475: 2469: 2466: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2458: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2395:Thomas Sankara 2392: 2387: 2382: 2380:Erich Honecker 2377: 2372: 2367: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2330:Agostinho Neto 2327: 2322: 2317: 2312: 2307: 2302: 2297: 2295:Khalid Bakdash 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2225:Võ Nguyên Giáp 2222: 2217: 2212: 2210:Maurice Thorez 2207: 2202: 2200:Ehmetjan Qasim 2197: 2192: 2190:Ernst Thälmann 2187: 2182: 2177: 2175:Vladimir Lenin 2171: 2168: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2103: 2100: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2065: 2064: 2054: 2053: 2052: 2047: 2037: 2032: 2030:Social fascism 2027: 2025:Self-criticism 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1939: 1938: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1912: 1909: 1908: 1905: 1904: 1896: 1895: 1889: 1888: 1877: 1874: 1782:Woodrow Wilson 1755:Nguyễn An Ninh 1714:Nguyễn Ái Quốc 1695: 1692: 1627: 1624: 1609:Pan-Africanist 1600:Phan Chu Trinh 1596:poste restante 1579: 1576: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1501:Võ Nguyên Giáp 1444:; his brother 1405: 1402: 1388:in his honor. 1311:umbrella group 1251:prime minister 1198: 1197: 1195: 1194: 1187: 1180: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1156: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1144: 1137: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1095: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1058: 1057: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1004: 1003: 993: 988: 987: 986: 976: 971: 966: 953: 952: 951: 950: 945: 935: 930: 929: 928: 923: 913: 900: 899: 894: 889: 884: 883: 882: 877: 872: 853: 852: 847: 842: 841: 840: 835: 825: 813: 812: 811: 810: 800: 778: 777: 774: 773: 761:a series about 757: 755: 739: 738: 735: 734: 725: 712: 707: 706: 705: 704: 703: 700: 699: 692: 688: 687: 685: 684: 681: 678: 674: 672: 668: 667: 662: 656: 655: 653: 652: 647:Hoàng Thị Loan 642: 631: 629: 625: 624: 622: 621: 613: 609:Nguyễn Tất Đạt 597: 580: 578: 574: 573: 558: 554: 549: 548: 546: 542: 541: 539: 538: 532: 526: 519: 517: 511: 510: 504: 500: 499: 493: 489: 488: 479:(aged 79) 473: 469: 468: 436: 434: 430: 429: 425: 424: 421: 420: 410: 409: 395: 394: 387: 381: 380: 373: 367: 366: 356: 355: 346: 340: 339: 327: 321: 320: 310: 309: 303: 302: 293: 287: 286: 277:Trần Trọng Kim 272: 266: 265: 255: 254: 247: 246: 239: 233: 232: 225: 219: 218: 208: 207: 201: 200: 195: 189: 188: 183: 177: 176: 174: 173: 167: 161: 159: 151: 150: 140: 139: 133: 132: 123: 117: 116: 102: 96: 95: 85: 84: 77: 76: 73: 72: 63: 55: 54: 47: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17341: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17305: 17302: 17300: 17297: 17295: 17292: 17290: 17287: 17285: 17282: 17280: 17277: 17275: 17272: 17270: 17267: 17265: 17262: 17260: 17257: 17255: 17252: 17250: 17247: 17245: 17242: 17240: 17237: 17235: 17232: 17230: 17227: 17225: 17222: 17220: 17217: 17215: 17212: 17210: 17209:North Vietnam 17207: 17205: 17202: 17200: 17197: 17195: 17192: 17190: 17187: 17185: 17182: 17180: 17177: 17175: 17172: 17170: 17167: 17165: 17162: 17160: 17157: 17155: 17152: 17150: 17147: 17145: 17142: 17140: 17137: 17135: 17132: 17130: 17127: 17125: 17122: 17120: 17117: 17115: 17112: 17110: 17107: 17105: 17102: 17100: 17097: 17096: 17094: 17084: 17074: 17072: 17062: 17060: 17055: 17050: 17048: 17038: 17036: 17031: 17026: 17024: 17019: 17014: 17012: 17002: 17001: 16998: 16984: 16980: 16977: 16976:Mother Teresa 16973: 16970: 16966: 16963: 16959: 16956: 16952: 16949: 16945: 16942: 16938: 16935: 16931: 16928: 16924: 16921: 16917: 16914: 16910: 16907: 16903: 16900: 16896: 16893: 16889: 16885: 16882: 16878: 16875: 16871: 16868: 16864: 16861: 16857: 16854: 16850: 16847: 16843: 16842: 16840: 16836: 16829: 16825: 16822: 16818: 16815: 16811: 16810:Francis Crick 16807: 16804: 16800: 16797: 16793: 16790: 16786: 16783: 16779: 16776: 16775:Leakey family 16772: 16769: 16765: 16762: 16758: 16755: 16751: 16748: 16744: 16741: 16740:Sigmund Freud 16737: 16734: 16730: 16727: 16723: 16720: 16716: 16713: 16709: 16706: 16705:Rachel Carson 16702: 16699: 16695: 16692: 16691:Leo Baekeland 16688: 16687: 16685: 16681: 16674: 16670: 16667: 16663: 16660: 16656: 16653: 16652:David Sarnoff 16649: 16646: 16642: 16639: 16635: 16632: 16628: 16625: 16621: 16618: 16614: 16611: 16610:Lucky Luciano 16607: 16604: 16600: 16597: 16593: 16590: 16586: 16583: 16579: 16576: 16572: 16569: 16565: 16562: 16558: 16555: 16551: 16548: 16544: 16541: 16537: 16536: 16534: 16530: 16523: 16522:Oprah Winfrey 16519: 16516: 16512: 16509: 16505: 16502: 16501:Frank Sinatra 16498: 16495: 16491: 16488: 16484: 16481: 16480:Pablo Picasso 16477: 16474: 16470: 16467: 16463: 16460: 16459:Martha Graham 16456: 16453: 16449: 16446: 16442: 16439: 16435: 16432: 16428: 16425: 16421: 16418: 16414: 16411: 16410:Marlon Brando 16407: 16404: 16400: 16397: 16393: 16390: 16386: 16385: 16383: 16379: 16372: 16368: 16365: 16361: 16358: 16354: 16351: 16347: 16344: 16340: 16337: 16333: 16330: 16326: 16323: 16322:Ronald Reagan 16319: 16316: 16312: 16309: 16305: 16302: 16298: 16295: 16291: 16288: 16284: 16281: 16277: 16274: 16270: 16267: 16263: 16260: 16256: 16253: 16249: 16246: 16242: 16239: 16235: 16234: 16232: 16228: 16224: 16222: 16214: 16209: 16207: 16202: 16200: 16195: 16194: 16191: 16178: 16174: 16173: 16169: 16166: 16162: 16161: 16157: 16154: 16150: 16149: 16145: 16144: 16141: 16137: 16130: 16125: 16123: 16118: 16116: 16111: 16110: 16107: 16095: 16092: 16090: 16087: 16085: 16082: 16080: 16077: 16076: 16073: 16065: 16062: 16060: 16059:North Vietnam 16057: 16056: 16055: 16052: 16050: 16047: 16043: 16040: 16038: 16035: 16033: 16030: 16029: 16028: 16025: 16023: 16020: 16019: 16017: 16013: 16007: 16004: 16002: 15999: 15997: 15994: 15992: 15989: 15987: 15984: 15983: 15981: 15977: 15971: 15968: 15966: 15963: 15961: 15958: 15957: 15955: 15953:Organizations 15951: 15945: 15942: 15940: 15939:Nông Đức Mạnh 15937: 15935: 15932: 15930: 15927: 15925: 15922: 15920: 15917: 15915: 15912: 15911: 15909: 15905: 15900: 15890: 15887: 15885: 15882: 15880: 15877: 15875: 15872: 15870: 15867: 15865: 15862: 15860: 15857: 15856: 15854: 15850: 15846: 15839: 15834: 15832: 15827: 15825: 15820: 15819: 15816: 15804: 15801: 15799: 15796: 15794: 15791: 15790: 15787: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 15766: 15765:War on terror 15763: 15761: 15758: 15756: 15753: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15742: 15740: 15736: 15730: 15727: 15725: 15722: 15720: 15717: 15715: 15712: 15710: 15707: 15705: 15702: 15700: 15697: 15695: 15692: 15690: 15687: 15685: 15682: 15680: 15677: 15675: 15672: 15670: 15667: 15666: 15664: 15660:Espionage and 15658: 15652: 15649: 15647: 15644: 15642: 15639: 15637: 15634: 15632: 15629: 15627: 15624: 15622: 15619: 15617: 15614: 15612: 15611:Andrew Thorpe 15609: 15607: 15604: 15602: 15599: 15597: 15594: 15592: 15589: 15587: 15584: 15582: 15579: 15577: 15574: 15572: 15569: 15567: 15564: 15562: 15559: 15557: 15554: 15552: 15549: 15547: 15544: 15542: 15539: 15537: 15534: 15532: 15529: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15519: 15517: 15514: 15512: 15509: 15507: 15506:Gabriel Kolko 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15472: 15471:Fred Halliday 15469: 15467: 15464: 15462: 15459: 15457: 15456:Lloyd Gardner 15454: 15452: 15449: 15447: 15444: 15442: 15439: 15437: 15434: 15432: 15429: 15427: 15424: 15422: 15419: 15417: 15416:Norman Davies 15414: 15412: 15409: 15407: 15404: 15402: 15401:John Costello 15399: 15397: 15394: 15392: 15389: 15387: 15384: 15382: 15379: 15377: 15374: 15372: 15369: 15368: 15366: 15362: 15356: 15353: 15351: 15348: 15346: 15343: 15342: 15340: 15336:Technological 15334: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15315: 15312: 15309: 15307: 15306: 15302: 15300: 15297: 15295: 15294: 15290: 15289: 15287: 15283: 15277: 15276: 15272: 15270: 15267: 15265: 15264: 15260: 15258: 15257: 15253: 15251: 15248: 15246: 15245: 15241: 15239: 15238: 15234: 15232: 15231: 15227: 15225: 15222: 15221: 15219: 15217:Pro-communist 15215: 15212: 15208: 15202: 15199: 15197: 15194: 15192: 15189: 15187: 15184: 15182: 15179: 15177: 15174: 15172: 15169: 15167: 15164: 15162: 15159: 15157: 15154: 15152: 15149: 15148: 15146: 15144:Organizations 15142: 15132: 15129: 15127: 15124: 15122: 15119: 15117: 15114: 15112: 15109: 15107: 15104: 15102: 15099: 15097: 15094: 15092: 15089: 15087: 15084: 15082: 15079: 15077: 15074: 15072: 15069: 15067: 15064: 15062: 15059: 15057: 15054: 15052: 15049: 15047: 15044: 15042: 15039: 15037: 15034: 15032: 15029: 15027: 15024: 15022: 15019: 15017: 15014: 15013: 15011: 15007: 15001: 14998: 14996: 14993: 14991: 14988: 14986: 14983: 14981: 14978: 14976: 14975: 14971: 14969: 14966: 14964: 14961: 14959: 14958:Eurocommunism 14956: 14954: 14951: 14949: 14946: 14944: 14941: 14940: 14938: 14936: 14932: 14926: 14923: 14921: 14918: 14916: 14913: 14911: 14908: 14906: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14896: 14893: 14889: 14886: 14885: 14884: 14881: 14879: 14876: 14874: 14871: 14870: 14868: 14866: 14862: 14859: 14855: 14849: 14846: 14844: 14841: 14839: 14836: 14834: 14831: 14829: 14826: 14824: 14821: 14819: 14816: 14814: 14811: 14809: 14806: 14804: 14801: 14799: 14796: 14794: 14791: 14789: 14788:Domino theory 14786: 14784: 14781: 14779: 14776: 14774: 14771: 14770: 14768: 14764: 14758: 14755: 14753: 14750: 14748: 14745: 14743: 14742:South Ossetia 14740: 14738: 14735: 14733: 14730: 14728: 14725: 14723: 14720: 14719: 14717: 14715: 14711: 14705: 14702: 14698: 14695: 14694: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14678: 14675: 14673: 14670: 14668: 14665: 14663: 14660: 14658: 14655: 14653: 14650: 14649: 14647: 14643: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14624: 14622: 14619: 14617: 14614: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14597: 14594: 14592: 14589: 14587: 14584: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14567: 14564: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14547: 14544: 14542: 14539: 14536: 14532: 14529: 14527: 14526:8888 Uprising 14524: 14522: 14519: 14517: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14502: 14499: 14497: 14494: 14492: 14489: 14487: 14484: 14482: 14479: 14477: 14474: 14472: 14471:Iran–Iraq War 14469: 14467: 14464: 14462: 14459: 14457: 14454: 14452: 14449: 14447: 14444: 14442: 14439: 14437: 14436:Falklands War 14434: 14432: 14429: 14427: 14424: 14422: 14419: 14417: 14414: 14412: 14409: 14407: 14404: 14400: 14397: 14396: 14395: 14392: 14390: 14387: 14385: 14382: 14380: 14376: 14373: 14371: 14368: 14366: 14363: 14362: 14360: 14356: 14350: 14347: 14345: 14342: 14340: 14337: 14335: 14332: 14330: 14327: 14325: 14322: 14320: 14317: 14315: 14312: 14310: 14307: 14305: 14302: 14300: 14299:NDF Rebellion 14297: 14295: 14292: 14290: 14287: 14285: 14282: 14280: 14279:German Autumn 14277: 14275: 14272: 14270: 14267: 14265: 14262: 14260: 14259: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14247: 14244: 14242: 14239: 14237: 14234: 14232: 14229: 14227: 14224: 14222: 14219: 14217: 14214: 14212: 14209: 14207: 14204: 14202: 14199: 14197: 14194: 14192: 14189: 14187: 14184: 14182: 14179: 14177: 14174: 14172: 14169: 14167: 14166:Metapolitefsi 14164: 14162: 14159: 14157: 14154: 14152: 14149: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14137: 14134: 14132: 14129: 14127: 14124: 14122: 14119: 14117: 14114: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14102: 14099: 14097: 14094: 14092: 14089: 14087: 14084: 14082: 14079: 14077: 14074: 14072: 14069: 14067: 14064: 14062: 14061: 14057: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14045: 14042: 14040: 14037: 14035: 14032: 14030: 14027: 14025: 14022: 14020: 14017: 14015: 14012: 14010: 14007: 14006: 14004: 14000: 13994: 13991: 13989: 13986: 13984: 13981: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13971: 13967: 13964: 13963: 13962: 13959: 13957: 13954: 13952: 13949: 13947: 13944: 13942: 13939: 13937: 13935: 13930: 13928: 13927:Prague Spring 13925: 13921: 13918: 13917: 13916: 13913: 13911: 13908: 13906: 13905:Al-Wadiah War 13903: 13901: 13898: 13896: 13893: 13891: 13888: 13886: 13883: 13881: 13878: 13876: 13873: 13871: 13870:12-3 incident 13868: 13866: 13863: 13861: 13858: 13856: 13853: 13851: 13848: 13846: 13843: 13841: 13838: 13836: 13833: 13831: 13828: 13826: 13823: 13821: 13818: 13816: 13813: 13811: 13808: 13806: 13803: 13799: 13796: 13795: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13764: 13761: 13759: 13756: 13754: 13751: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13739: 13736: 13734: 13731: 13727: 13724: 13722: 13719: 13717: 13714: 13713: 13712: 13709: 13707: 13704: 13702: 13699: 13697: 13694: 13692: 13689: 13687: 13684: 13682: 13679: 13675: 13672: 13671: 13670: 13667: 13663: 13660: 13659: 13658: 13655: 13653: 13650: 13648: 13645: 13643: 13640: 13638: 13635: 13633: 13630: 13629: 13627: 13623: 13617: 13614: 13610: 13607: 13606: 13605: 13602: 13600: 13597: 13595: 13592: 13590: 13587: 13585: 13582: 13580: 13577: 13575: 13572: 13570: 13567: 13565: 13562: 13560: 13557: 13555: 13552: 13550: 13549: 13544: 13541: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13517: 13514: 13510: 13508: 13505: 13503: 13500: 13498: 13495: 13493: 13490: 13488: 13485: 13483: 13480: 13478: 13475: 13473: 13470: 13468: 13467: 13462: 13460: 13457: 13455: 13452: 13450: 13449:Domino theory 13447: 13445: 13444:Petrov Affair 13442: 13440: 13437: 13435: 13432: 13430: 13427: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13400: 13397: 13395: 13392: 13390: 13387: 13385: 13382: 13381: 13379: 13375: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13359: 13356: 13352: 13349: 13348: 13347: 13344: 13342: 13339: 13337: 13334: 13332: 13329: 13327: 13324: 13322: 13321:Madiun Affair 13319: 13317: 13314: 13312: 13309: 13307: 13304: 13302: 13299: 13297: 13294: 13292: 13289: 13287: 13284: 13282: 13281:Marshall Plan 13279: 13275: 13272: 13270: 13267: 13265: 13262: 13261: 13260: 13257: 13255: 13252: 13250: 13247: 13245: 13242: 13240: 13237: 13235: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13225: 13222: 13220: 13217: 13215: 13212: 13210: 13207: 13205: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13192: 13190: 13189: 13184: 13182: 13181: 13176: 13174: 13173: 13168: 13166: 13163: 13161: 13158: 13156: 13153: 13151: 13150: 13145: 13143: 13140: 13136: 13133: 13131: 13130: 13125: 13123: 13122: 13117: 13116: 13115: 13112: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13100: 13097: 13095: 13092: 13091: 13089: 13085: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13049: 13046: 13044: 13041: 13039: 13038: 13034: 13032: 13031: 13030:United States 13027: 13026: 13023: 13019: 13012: 13007: 13005: 13000: 12998: 12993: 12992: 12989: 12977: 12972: 12967: 12965: 12955: 12954: 12951: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12939:War communism 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12908: 12905: 12904: 12903: 12900: 12898: 12895: 12893: 12890: 12886: 12883: 12881: 12878: 12877: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12832: 12830: 12826: 12820: 12817: 12815: 12812: 12810: 12807: 12805: 12802: 12801: 12799: 12795: 12788: 12784: 12781: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12770: 12767: 12765: 12762: 12761: 12759: 12757: 12753: 12747: 12744: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12705: 12702: 12701: 12700: 12697: 12695: 12692: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12681: 12679: 12675: 12669: 12666: 12664: 12663:Moufawad-Paul 12661: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12651: 12649: 12646: 12644: 12641: 12639: 12636: 12634: 12631: 12629: 12626: 12624: 12621: 12619: 12616: 12614: 12611: 12609: 12606: 12604: 12601: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12524: 12521: 12519: 12516: 12514: 12511: 12509: 12506: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12494: 12491: 12489: 12486: 12484: 12481: 12479: 12476: 12474: 12471: 12469: 12466: 12464: 12461: 12459: 12456: 12454: 12451: 12449: 12446: 12444: 12441: 12439: 12436: 12434: 12431: 12429: 12426: 12424: 12421: 12419: 12416: 12414: 12411: 12409: 12406: 12404: 12401: 12399: 12396: 12394: 12391: 12389: 12386: 12384: 12381: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12369: 12366: 12364: 12361: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12349: 12346: 12344: 12341: 12339: 12336: 12334: 12331: 12329: 12326: 12324: 12321: 12319: 12316: 12314: 12311: 12309: 12306: 12305: 12303: 12301: 12297: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12252: 12250: 12248:Organisations 12246: 12240: 12237: 12235: 12232: 12230: 12227: 12225: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12216: 12214: 12212: 12208: 12200: 12197: 12196: 12195: 12192: 12190: 12187: 12183: 12180: 12179: 12178: 12175: 12171: 12168: 12166: 12163: 12162: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12152: 12150: 12148: 12144: 12138: 12135: 12133: 12130: 12128: 12125: 12123: 12120: 12118: 12115: 12113: 12110: 12109: 12107: 12103: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11984: 11983: 11981: 11977: 11973: 11966: 11961: 11959: 11954: 11952: 11947: 11946: 11943: 11931: 11928: 11926: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11912: 11910: 11906: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11886: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11877: 11875: 11871: 11866: 11862: 11848: 11845: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11828: 11827:12th: 2016–21 11825: 11823: 11822:11th: 2011–16 11820: 11818: 11817:10th: 2006–11 11815: 11813: 11810: 11808: 11805: 11803: 11800: 11798: 11795: 11793: 11790: 11788: 11785: 11783: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11770: 11768: 11765: 11764: 11762: 11760: 11756: 11753: 11747: 11737: 11734: 11732: 11731:12th: 2016–21 11729: 11727: 11726:11th: 2011–16 11724: 11722: 11721:10th: 2006–11 11719: 11717: 11714: 11712: 11709: 11707: 11704: 11702: 11699: 11697: 11694: 11692: 11689: 11687: 11684: 11682: 11679: 11677: 11674: 11673: 11671: 11669: 11665: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11595: 11593: 11591: 11587: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11575:12th: 2016–21 11573: 11571: 11570:11th: 2011–16 11568: 11566: 11565:10th: 2006–11 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11527: 11525: 11523: 11519: 11513: 11510: 11508: 11507:12th: 2016–21 11505: 11503: 11502:11th: 2011–16 11500: 11498: 11497:10th: 2006–11 11495: 11493: 11490: 11487: 11483: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11452: 11449: 11447: 11444: 11443: 11441: 11439: 11435: 11432: 11426: 11423: 11419: 11409: 11406: 11404: 11401: 11399: 11396: 11394: 11391: 11389: 11386: 11384: 11381: 11379: 11376: 11374: 11371: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11345: 11343: 11341: 11337: 11334: 11330: 11320: 11317: 11315: 11312: 11310: 11307: 11305: 11302: 11300: 11297: 11296: 11294: 11290: 11284: 11283: 11279: 11277: 11276: 11272: 11270: 11267: 11265: 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11232: 11231: 11229: 11225: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11200: 11198: 11194: 11187: 11184: 11181: 11178: 11175: 11174:Võ Văn Thưởng 11172: 11169: 11166: 11163: 11160: 11157: 11154: 11151: 11148: 11145: 11142: 11139: 11136: 11133: 11130: 11127: 11124: 11121: 11118: 11115: 11112: 11109: 11106: 11103: 11100: 11097: 11094: 11091: 11088: 11085: 11082: 11079: 11078:Lê Thanh Nghị 11076: 11073: 11070: 11067: 11064: 11063: 11061: 11059: 11055: 11048: 11045: 11042: 11039: 11036: 11035:Nông Đức Mạnh 11033: 11030: 11027: 11024: 11021: 11018: 11015: 11012: 11009: 11006: 11003: 11000: 10997: 10994: 10991: 10988: 10987:Nguyễn Văn Cừ 10985: 10982: 10979: 10976: 10975:Lê Hồng Phong 10973: 10970: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10962: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10947: 10936: 10920: 10915: 10913: 10908: 10906: 10901: 10900: 10897: 10885: 10882: 10879: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10858:Phan Văn Khải 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10846: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10833:Phạm Văn Đồng 10831: 10826: 10821: 10818: 10814: 10809: 10806: 10801: 10796: 10793: 10789: 10784: 10783:Phạm Văn Đồng 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10768:North Vietnam 10766: 10761: 10758: 10754: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10743:Nguyễn Bá Cẩn 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10723:Nguyễn Cao Kỳ 10721: 10719: 10718:Phan Huy Quát 10716: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10699: 10696: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10683:South Vietnam 10681: 10676: 10673: 10669: 10663: 10662:Ngô Đình Diệm 10660: 10658: 10657:Phan Huy Quát 10655: 10653: 10650: 10648: 10645: 10643: 10640: 10638: 10635: 10633: 10630: 10629: 10626:South Vietnam 10624: 10619: 10616: 10612: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10598: 10594: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10566: 10561: 10558: 10554: 10548: 10545: 10544: 10539: 10534: 10531: 10527: 10522: 10508: 10503: 10501: 10496: 10494: 10489: 10488: 10485: 10473: 10470: 10467: 10464: 10458: 10455: 10452: 10449: 10446: 10445:Võ Văn Thưởng 10443: 10440: 10437: 10434: 10431: 10428: 10425: 10422: 10419: 10416: 10413: 10410: 10407: 10404: 10401: 10398: 10395: 10392: 10389: 10386: 10382: 10379: 10376: 10372: 10369: 10366: 10363: 10360: 10359:Tôn Đức Thắng 10357: 10352: 10347: 10344: 10340: 10335: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10319: 10315: 10310: 10307: 10305: 10302: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10294:Phan Khắc Sửu 10292: 10290: 10287: 10284: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10271:Ngô Đình Diệm 10269: 10266:South Vietnam 10264: 10259: 10256: 10252: 10246: 10245:Ngô Đình Diệm 10243: 10241: 10238: 10237: 10234:South Vietnam 10232: 10227: 10224: 10220: 10215: 10214:Tôn Đức Thắng 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10200:North Vietnam 10198: 10194: 10192: 10189: 10185: 10179: 10176: 10175: 10170: 10165: 10162: 10158: 10153: 10139: 10134: 10132: 10127: 10125: 10120: 10119: 10116: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10094: 10090: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10076: 10074: 10071: 10069: 10066: 10064: 10061: 10059: 10056: 10055: 10053: 10051:Collaborators 10049: 10041: 10040:Administrator 10038: 10037: 10036: 10033: 10029: 10028:Administrator 10026: 10025: 10024: 10021: 10017: 10016:Administrator 10014: 10013: 10012: 10009: 10005: 10002: 10001: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9986: 9984: 9982:French rulers 9980: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9950: 9948: 9944: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9877:Vũ Hồng Khanh 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9862:Phan Bội Châu 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9852:Lương Văn Can 9850: 9849: 9847: 9843: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9763: 9761: 9757: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9697: 9695: 9693:Organisations 9691: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9570: 9565: 9558: 9553: 9551: 9546: 9544: 9539: 9538: 9535: 9526: 9517: 9516: 9509: 9503: 9492: 9491: 9480: 9475: 9471: 9470:Phạm Văn Đồng 9462: 9461: 9454: 9453: 9447: 9441: 9437: 9436:Tôn Đức Thắng 9428: 9427: 9420: 9419: 9413: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9383: 9380: 9377: 9374: 9371: 9367: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9355: 9352: 9351: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9328: 9325: 9324: 9315: 9311: 9310:Richard Nixon 9308: 9305: 9301: 9298: 9297: 9288: 9284: 9281: 9277: 9274: 9270: 9267: 9266: 9261: 9258: 9257: 9248: 9244: 9241: 9238: 9234: 9233:Hoang Van Chi 9231: 9230: 9220: 9216: 9212: 9208: 9207:History Today 9203: 9199: 9194: 9190: 9189: 9184: 9180: 9176: 9171: 9168: 9164: 9160: 9156: 9152: 9148: 9144: 9143: 9133: 9129: 9125: 9124: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9079: 9073: 9069: 9064: 9060: 9054: 9050: 9046: 9045: 9039: 9035: 9029: 9025: 9021: 9020: 9014: 9010: 9005: 9001: 8995: 8992:. UCL Press. 8991: 8990: 8984: 8980: 8974: 8970: 8969: 8964: 8960: 8956: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8939: 8933: 8929: 8925: 8921: 8920: 8914: 8910: 8904: 8900: 8896: 8895: 8889: 8877: 8876: 8870: 8866: 8860: 8856: 8851: 8840: 8834: 8830: 8829: 8823: 8819: 8815: 8811: 8807: 8802: 8791: 8785: 8781: 8780: 8774: 8770: 8764: 8760: 8759: 8753: 8749: 8743: 8739: 8738: 8732: 8721: 8715: 8711: 8710: 8704: 8700: 8694: 8690: 8689: 8684: 8680: 8676: 8670: 8666: 8665: 8660: 8656: 8652: 8646: 8642: 8641: 8635: 8631: 8625: 8621: 8616: 8612: 8606: 8602: 8597: 8593: 8588: 8584: 8578: 8574: 8569: 8565: 8559: 8556:. Doubleday. 8555: 8554: 8548: 8544: 8538: 8534: 8533: 8527: 8515: 8511: 8505: 8501: 8500: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8482: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8461: 8457: 8451: 8447: 8446: 8440: 8436: 8430: 8426: 8425: 8419: 8415: 8409: 8405: 8404: 8398: 8397: 8385: 8380: 8364: 8360: 8354: 8339: 8335: 8328: 8310: 8304: 8296: 8292: 8286: 8270: 8266: 8262: 8261:"Ho Chi Minh" 8255: 8247: 8243: 8237: 8229: 8223: 8215: 8211: 8205: 8190:. 19 May 2011 8189: 8185: 8180: 8176: 8170: 8163: 8159: 8156: 8151: 8144: 8139: 8123: 8119: 8113: 8111: 8095: 8091: 8084: 8068: 8064: 8057: 8050: 8044: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8029: 8022: 8015: 8011: 8005: 7996: 7989: 7984: 7977: 7971: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7940: 7934: 7930: 7923: 7922: 7914: 7907: 7901: 7895:, p. 25. 7894: 7889: 7883: 7881: 7874: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7840: 7824: 7820: 7816: 7809: 7802: 7801: 7795: 7787: 7786: 7778: 7771: 7767: 7762: 7755: 7750: 7743: 7738: 7736: 7729:, p. 63. 7728: 7727:Brocheux 2007 7723: 7716: 7711: 7704: 7700: 7696: 7695:Brocheux 2007 7692: 7687: 7681:, p. 33. 7680: 7676: 7675:Brocheux 2007 7672: 7667: 7661:, p. 33. 7660: 7655: 7653: 7645: 7640: 7625: 7621: 7614: 7598: 7594: 7588: 7580: 7577:Russian – by 7576: 7574: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7561: 7558: 7554: 7550: 7549: 7548: 7544: 7541: 7537: 7534: 7530: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7504: 7503: 7499: 7491: 7487: 7480: 7473: 7468: 7466: 7464: 7462: 7454: 7449: 7442: 7441:Langguth 2000 7437: 7430: 7429:Langguth 2000 7425: 7418: 7417:Langguth 2000 7413: 7411: 7403: 7398: 7391: 7386: 7379: 7374: 7372: 7370: 7362: 7361:Langguth 2000 7357: 7355: 7353: 7345: 7340: 7324: 7320: 7319: 7314: 7308: 7301: 7295: 7288: 7287:Langguth 2000 7283: 7281: 7273: 7272:Langguth 2000 7268: 7266: 7257: 7253: 7247: 7240: 7234: 7227: 7226:Langguth 2000 7222: 7216:, p. 15. 7215: 7210: 7203: 7198: 7191: 7186: 7179: 7174: 7167: 7162: 7155: 7150: 7143: 7138: 7131: 7126: 7119: 7118:Langguth 2000 7114: 7107: 7102: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7088: 7083: 7076: 7075:Brocheux 2007 7071: 7064: 7059: 7057: 7055: 7047: 7046:Brocheux 2007 7042: 7036:, p. 62. 7035: 7030: 7023: 7022:Langguth 2000 7018: 7012:, p. 21. 7011: 7006: 6997: 6990: 6989:The Economist 6985: 6970: 6964: 6962: 6954: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6935: 6927: 6921: 6912: 6910: 6902: 6897: 6882: 6878: 6874: 6870: 6866: 6862: 6861: 6853: 6846: 6839: 6826: 6822: 6815: 6807: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6779: 6775: 6768: 6761: 6756: 6749: 6744: 6738:, p. 99. 6737: 6732: 6725: 6720: 6713: 6708: 6701: 6700:Logevall 2012 6696: 6690:, p. 97. 6689: 6684: 6677: 6676:Logevall 2012 6672: 6665: 6660: 6653: 6652:Logevall 2012 6648: 6641: 6636: 6629: 6624: 6615: 6609:, p. 83. 6608: 6603: 6596: 6591: 6582: 6573: 6564: 6558:, p. 88. 6557: 6552: 6537: 6533: 6527: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6502: 6496: 6489: 6483: 6476: 6470: 6463: 6458: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6431: 6415: 6411: 6405: 6397: 6393: 6387: 6380: 6375: 6360: 6356: 6355:"Ho Chi Minh" 6350: 6342: 6336: 6333:. Routledge. 6332: 6325: 6309: 6305: 6299: 6292: 6286: 6279: 6273: 6266: 6260: 6244: 6240: 6234: 6232: 6215: 6209: 6207: 6199: 6194: 6178: 6172: 6165: 6160: 6154: 6149: 6142: 6137: 6130: 6129:Brocheux 2007 6125: 6119: 6115: 6110: 6094: 6090: 6084: 6078:, p. 39. 6077: 6072: 6064: 6057: 6050: 6045: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6020:"Ho Chi Minh" 6015: 6008: 6007:Brocheux 2007 6003: 5997:, p. 11. 5996: 5991: 5989: 5980: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5962: 5961:Brocheux 2007 5957: 5950: 5946: 5945:Hoàng Văn Chí 5942:(1991), p. 4. 5941: 5940: 5933: 5931: 5924:, p. 39. 5923: 5922:Brocheux 2007 5918: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5899: 5895: 5889: 5882: 5877: 5871:, p. 21. 5870: 5869:Brocheux 2007 5865: 5857: 5853: 5847: 5832: 5828: 5821: 5814: 5810: 5804: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5773: 5766: 5760: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5729: 5722: 5716: 5710:, p. 11. 5709: 5708:Brocheux 2007 5704: 5688: 5684: 5680: 5673: 5665: 5658: 5652:, p. 25. 5651: 5646: 5630: 5624: 5618:, p. 42. 5617: 5612: 5604: 5598: 5594: 5593: 5585: 5579:, p. 20. 5578: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5560:, p. 42. 5559: 5554: 5546: 5540: 5533: 5528: 5526: 5515: 5506: 5500:, p. 42. 5499: 5494: 5487: 5482: 5476:, p. 85. 5475: 5470: 5463: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5449: 5447: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5424: 5423: 5418: 5411: 5396: 5395: 5389: 5382: 5367:. 6 June 2012 5366: 5362: 5356: 5348: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5327: 5312: 5308: 5301: 5299: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5267: 5265: 5248: 5241: 5239: 5230: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5200: 5192: 5191: 5186: 5185:"Ho Chi Minh" 5180: 5176: 5160: 5151: 5142: 5133: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5117: 5111: 5109: 5101: 5094: 5092: 5086: 5084: 5078: 5076: 5068: 5060: 5054: 5047: 5043: 5037: 5017: 5015: 5013: 4998: 4991: 4982: 4976: 4967: 4953: 4946: 4938: 4927: 4921: 4913: 4912: 4900: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4825: 4822: 4818: 4813: 4810: 4805: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4788: 4778: 4769: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4723:Vladimir Fere 4720: 4716: 4712: 4711:anti-war song 4708: 4704: 4700: 4699:Carlos Puebla 4696: 4691: 4683: 4673: 4670: 4662: 4652: 4647: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4630: 4621: 4620: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4606: 4601: 4597: 4592: 4590: 4586: 4581: 4579: 4571: 4567: 4562: 4558: 4551: 4546: 4542: 4540: 4530: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4513: 4508: 4502: 4497: 4493: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4471: 4468: 4467:Soviet Leader 4464: 4461: 4458: 4454: 4453:postage stamp 4449: 4442: 4437: 4428: 4426: 4422: 4417: 4414: 4407: 4402: 4398: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4361: 4359: 4354: 4352: 4348: 4337: 4334: 4330: 4325: 4319: 4316: 4310: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4291: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4271: 4267: 4257: 4253: 4251: 4250: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4222: 4218: 4210: 4205: 4199:Personal life 4196: 4194: 4193:Jean Sainteny 4189: 4186: 4180: 4177: 4176:Tet Offensive 4173: 4168: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4118: 4116: 4110: 4107: 4101: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4085: 4083: 4079: 4073: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4057: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4035: 4031: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4003: 3993: 3991: 3983: 3978: 3971: 3966: 3962: 3959: 3955: 3946: 3941: 3937: 3935: 3930: 3929:Phạm Văn Đồng 3925: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3905: 3895: 3891: 3889: 3884: 3880: 3879:Joseph Stalin 3876: 3871: 3869: 3864: 3862: 3861:Operation Léa 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3829:"lunge mines" 3826: 3822: 3818: 3817:Indochina War 3813: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3788:Daniel Guérin 3784: 3775: 3771: 3769: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3753: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3731: 3729: 3725: 3719: 3709: 3705: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3675: 3670: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3654: 3651: 3642: 3638: 3636: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3622: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3591:Phạm Văn Đồng 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3559: 3557: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3536: 3535:Privy Council 3532: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3507: 3506:Nakhon Phanom 3502: 3495: 3490: 3486: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3444:Phan Bội Châu 3441: 3440:Hoàng Văn Chí 3437: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3386: 3381: 3380:Compoint Lane 3376: 3368: 3364: 3362: 3358: 3348: 3343: 3333: 3328: 3326: 3321: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3311: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3281: 3271: 3270: 3269: 3268: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3224: 3221: 3220: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3177: 3176:Mass killings 3174: 3173: 3172: 3167: 3163: 3162:Mass killings 3160: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3149: 3143: 3142: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3110: 3109: 3102: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3013: 3010:Organizations 3007: 3006: 2997: 2994: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2968: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2881: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2738: 2737: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2714:Prague Spring 2712: 2710: 2707: 2705: 2702: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2536: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2470: 2464: 2463: 2456: 2455:Todor Zhivkov 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2430:Harry Pollitt 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2390:Samora Machel 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2355:Hardial Bains 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2305:Deng Xiaoping 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2250:Mátyás Rákosi 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2180:Joseph Stalin 2178: 2176: 2173: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2137:Khrushchevism 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2104: 2098: 2097: 2090: 2089:Unified power 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2055: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2042: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2010:Popular front 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1913: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1881: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1818: 1814: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1791: 1790:anti-colonial 1787: 1783: 1779: 1778:United States 1775: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1750: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1728:Marcel Cachin 1725: 1717: 1708: 1700: 1691: 1690:ferry route. 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1664:Carlton Hotel 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1642:and later in 1641: 1632: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1616:Marcus Garvey 1614: 1610: 1606: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1515: 1508: 1506: 1505:Ngô Đình Diệm 1502: 1498: 1497:Phạm Văn Đồng 1494: 1493: 1488: 1487: 1481: 1477: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1424:province, in 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1401: 1398: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1362:South Vietnam 1359: 1355: 1352:, ending the 1351: 1348:Điện Biên Phủ 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1312: 1306: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1265:, he was the 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1216: 1208: 1193: 1188: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1174: 1173: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1160: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1143: 1142: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1053: 1049: 1048:Tet Offensive 1046: 1045: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1002: 999: 998: 997: 994: 992: 989: 985: 982: 981: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 961: 960: 959: 958: 949: 946: 944: 941: 940: 939: 936: 934: 931: 927: 924: 922: 919: 918: 917: 914: 912: 909: 908: 907: 906: 905: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 867: 866: 863: 862: 861: 860: 859: 851: 848: 846: 843: 839: 838:OSS Deer Team 836: 834: 831: 830: 829: 826: 824: 821: 820: 819: 818: 809: 806: 805: 804: 801: 799: 796: 795: 794: 793: 792: 787: 786: 780: 779: 770: 756: 753: 749: 748: 745: 744: 736: 710: 701: 697: 693: 689: 682: 680:revolutionary 679: 676: 675: 673: 669: 666: 663: 661: 657: 648: 643: 638: 633: 632: 630: 626: 614: 603: 598: 587: 582: 581: 579: 575: 552: 547: 543: 536: 533: 530: 527: 524: 521: 520: 518: 512: 508: 505: 501: 497: 494: 492:Resting place 490: 487: 486:North Vietnam 483: 474: 470: 467: 463: 457: 435: 431: 426: 422: 416: 411: 408: 405: 401: 396: 388: 382: 374: 368: 362: 357: 352: 347: 341: 333: 328: 322: 316: 311: 308: 304: 299: 298:Phạm Văn Đồng 294: 288: 284: 278: 273: 267: 261: 256: 253: 248: 240: 234: 226: 220: 214: 209: 206: 202: 199: 196: 190: 187: 184: 178: 171: 168: 166: 163: 162: 160: 157: 152: 146: 141: 138: 134: 129: 128:Tôn Đức Thắng 124: 118: 114: 108: 103: 97: 91: 86: 83: 78: 74: 61: 56: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 17214:Pastry chefs 16899:Helen Keller 16874:Billy Graham 16846:Muhammad Ali 16814:James Watson 16761:Edwin Hubble 16726:Enrico Fermi 16645:Pete Rozelle 16596:Estée Lauder 16494:Bart Simpson 16431:Le Corbusier 16396:Lucille Ball 16272: 16266:Adolf Hitler 16220: 16176: 16171: 16158: 16146: 15913: 15770:Brinkmanship 15662:intelligence 15551:Marius Oprea 15501:Harvey Klehr 15431:Herbert Feis 15421:Willem Drees 15386:Archie Brown 15303: 15291: 15273: 15263:Trybuna Ludu 15261: 15254: 15250:Radio Moscow 15242: 15235: 15228: 15056:Anti-Zionism 14972: 14895:Keynesianism 14883:Conservatism 14747:Transnistria 14727:China-Taiwan 14384:Gera Demands 14257: 14058: 13933: 13738:El Porteñazo 13632:Congo Crisis 13547: 13482:Algerian War 13465: 13341:Western Bloc 13336:Eastern Bloc 13331:Iron Curtain 13187: 13179: 13171: 13148: 13128: 13120: 13037:Soviet Union 13035: 13028: 12850:Anti-fascism 12736:Soviet Union 12407: 12117:Gift economy 12076:Wage slavery 11880:Constitution 11873:Other organs 11812:9th: 2001–06 11807:8th: 1996–01 11802:7th: 1991–96 11797:6th: 1986–91 11792:5th: 1982–86 11787:4th: 1976–82 11782:3rd: 1960–76 11777:2nd: 1951–60 11772:1st: 1935–51 11716:9th: 2001–06 11711:8th: 1996–01 11706:7th: 1991–96 11701:6th: 1986–91 11696:5th: 1982–86 11691:4th: 1976–82 11686:3rd: 1960–76 11681:2nd: 1951–60 11676:1st: 1948–51 11560:9th: 2001–06 11555:7th: 1991–96 11550:6th: 1986–91 11545:5th: 1982–86 11540:4th: 1976–82 11535:3rd: 1960–76 11530:2nd: 1951–60 11492:9th: 2001–06 11476:7th: 1991–96 11471:6th: 1986–91 11466:5th: 1982–86 11461:4th: 1976–82 11456:3rd: 1960–76 11451:2nd: 1951–60 11446:1st: 1935–51 11280: 11273: 11120:Lê Khả Phiêu 11114:Đào Duy Tùng 11029:Lê Khả Phiêu 11011:Trường Chinh 10998: 10993:Trường Chinh 10852: 10772: 10703:Nguyễn Khánh 10693:Nguyễn Khánh 10642:Trần Văn Hữu 10588:Trần Văn Hữu 10578:Lê Văn Hoạch 10375:Trường Chinh 10281:Nguyễn Khánh 10203: 9937:Trần Cao Vân 9917:Nguyễn Thành 9912:Nguyễn Quyền 9857:Trần Quý Cáp 9826:Cầm Bá Thước 9806:Tống Duy Tân 9776:Võ Duy Dương 9649:World War II 9513: 9508:Trường Chinh 9488: 9458: 9451: 9450: 9424: 9417: 9416: 9357: 9348: 9313: 9303: 9286: 9279: 9272: 9263: 9246: 9236: 9218: 9206: 9197: 9187: 9174: 9162: 9150: 9131: 9097: 9067: 9043: 9018: 9008: 8988: 8967: 8954: 8918: 8893: 8880:. 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Retrieved 5214:the original 5209: 5199: 5188: 5179: 5159: 5150: 5141: 5132: 5125: 5113: 5105: 5100: 5088: 5080: 5072: 5067: 5053: 5042:National Day 5036: 4990: 4966: 4945: 4858: 4820: 4816: 4814: 4806: 4796: 4786: 4783: 4731: 4727:Kurt Demmler 4719:Ewan MacColl 4692: 4688: 4665: 4656: 4633: 4610: 4603: 4599: 4593: 4585:Jade Emperor 4582: 4577: 4575: 4555: 4538: 4535: 4518: 4516: 4481: 4477: 4475: 4425:Denis Warner 4418: 4394: 4362: 4355: 4343: 4320: 4311: 4292: 4283: 4273: 4269: 4262: 4247: 4240:Chữ Quốc Ngữ 4231: 4214: 4190: 4181: 4169: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4119: 4111: 4102: 4094:Joseph Alsop 4090:Ngô Đình Nhu 4086: 4074: 4069:Trường Chinh 4052: 4028:united front 4012:people's war 4005: 3987: 3950: 3926: 3901: 3892: 3872: 3868:Bernard Fall 3865: 3796: 3780: 3767: 3763: 3758: 3756: 3752:French Union 3732: 3721: 3678: 3671: 3655: 3647: 3612:World War II 3608:Vichy France 3600: 3560: 3558:tendencies. 3540:Soviet Union 3511: 3467:tuberculosis 3460: 3456:house arrest 3451: 3438: 3426:Zeng Xueming 3415: 3392: 3378:A plaque in 3360: 3356: 3230:Second World 2944:Turkmenistan 2879:Soviet Union 2819:East Germany 2642:2002–present 2612:Eastern Bloc 2590:World War II 2538:Soviet Union 2415:Alfonso Cano 2370:Gustáv Husák 2360:Sanzō Nosaka 2325:Fidel Castro 2230:Earl Browder 2219: 2074:Third Period 1866:le knock-out 1865: 1861: 1857: 1846: 1823: 1771: 1759:civil rights 1739: 1721: 1711: 1637: 1581: 1551: 1545: 1530: 1526: 1518: 1512: 1509: 1490: 1484: 1473: 1469: 1462:Confucianism 1407: 1399: 1390: 1341:French Union 1285:was born in 1279: 1228: 1218: 1210: 1202: 1201: 1146: 1140: 1098: 1097: 1061: 1060: 955: 954: 902: 901: 856: 855: 816: 815: 789: 783: 782: 516:affiliations 477:(1969-09-02) 414: 385:Succeeded by 360: 344:Succeeded by 314: 291:Succeeded by 259: 237:Succeeded by 229:Trường Chinh 212: 197: 193:Succeeded by 185: 165:Trường Chinh 144: 121:Succeeded by 89: 36: 17109:1969 deaths 17104:1890 births 17099:Ho Chi Minh 16927:Harvey Milk 16881:Che Guevara 16803:Alan Turing 16782:Jean Piaget 16659:Juan Trippe 16631:Akio Morita 16561:Walt Disney 16547:Leo Burnett 16473:James Joyce 16445:T. 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Vintage. 9239:. 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brother) 447:1890-05-19 64:Portrait, 17083:Biography 17023:Socialism 17011:Communism 16913:Bruce Lee 16438:Bob Dylan 16089:Socialism 16084:Communism 16064:Viet Cong 16049:Việt Minh 15979:Key works 15651:Ken Young 15496:Tony Judt 15345:Arms race 15318:Red Scare 15186:NN States 15131:Apartheid 15086:Autocracy 14995:Stalinism 14963:Guevarism 14953:Castroism 14943:Communism 14935:Socialism 14461:Star Wars 14054:Koza riot 13180:Beleaguer 13172:Masterdom 12914:Red Scare 12797:Criticism 12677:By region 12658:Hatherley 12488:Althusser 12423:Togliatti 12373:Kollontai 12368:Luxemburg 12353:Pannekoek 12348:Malatesta 12343:Kropotkin 12199:Christian 12194:Religious 12189:Primitive 12155:Anarchist 12137:Use value 12105:Economics 11972:Communism 11841:Apparatus 11438:Politburo 11319:Southwest 11314:Northwest 11227:Apparatus 11203:Politburo 11170:(2018–21) 11164:(2016–18) 11158:(2011–16) 11152:(2006–11) 11146:(2002–06) 11144:Phan Diễn 11134:(1999–01) 11128:(1998–01) 11122:(1996–97) 11116:(1991–96) 11110:(1991–92) 11104:(1988–91) 11098:(1986–88) 11086:(1982–86) 11080:(1980–82) 11074:(1980–82) 11068:(1976–82) 11037:(2001–11) 11031:(1997–01) 11025:(1991–97) 11019:(1986–91) 11007:(1960–86) 10995:(1940–56) 10989:(1938–40) 10983:(1936–38) 10977:(1931–36) 10971:(1930–31) 10838:Phạm Hùng 9766:Phạm Bành 9745:Việt Minh 9700:Cần Vương 9484:New title 9185:(1968) . 9140:Biography 8489:864836133 8363:issuu.com 7929:ANU Press 7754:Marr 1984 7644:Marr 2013 7505:French – 7214:Hunt 1993 6881:153956945 6798:0362-8949 6556:Fall 1967 6198:Zinn 1995 6164:Zinn 1995 5836:1 October 5739:Viet Quoc 5532:Hunt 2016 5486:Pike 1976 5422:The World 5316:1 October 5046:Politburo 4807:In 1987, 4746:Ulyanovsk 4651:talk page 4589:Hải Dương 4566:Joe Biden 4490:Vĩnh Long 4486:mausoleum 4266:Esperanto 4061:Politburo 4008:Việt Cộng 3970:Stralsund 3909:Communist 3849:landmines 3603:Việt Minh 3567:Chongqing 3526:Hong Kong 3520:and then 3407:Guangzhou 3395:Comintern 3357:Booknotes 3218:Red Scare 3203:New class 3021:Comintern 2981:Macedonia 2924:Lithuania 2771:Cambodia 2637:1989–2002 2632:1976–1989 2627:1949–1976 2558:1982–1991 2553:1964–1982 2548:1953–1964 2543:1927–1953 2350:Chin Peng 2205:José Díaz 2152:Stalinism 2112:Guevarism 2107:Castroism 2062:Socialist 1854:Franglais 1842:Jo So-ang 1556:Marseille 1542:In France 1450:geomancer 1416:commune, 1410:Hoàng Trù 1305:Việt Minh 1259:president 1247:communist 1070:Communism 933:1947–1950 916:1945–1946 865:Elections 833:Viet Minh 691:Signature 620:(brother) 596:; sister) 586:Bạch Liên 577:Relations 415:In office 407:Politburo 361:In office 315:In office 260:In office 213:In office 145:In office 90:In office 17035:Politics 16589:Ray Kroc 16094:Politics 15803:Timeline 15793:Category 15738:See also 15230:Izvestia 15071:Islamism 14968:Hoxhaism 14843:Rollback 14722:Abkhazia 14662:Gulf War 14566:Glasnost 13936:incident 13706:Sand War 13564:Ifni War 13073:Rio Pact 13018:Cold War 12885:New Left 12880:Old Left 12774:Red star 12689:Colombia 12608:Gordillo 12583:Holloway 12528:Guattari 12498:Pasolini 12483:Hobsbawm 12468:Beauvoir 12428:Benjamin 12403:Bukharin 12393:Thälmann 12165:Leninist 12147:Variants 11979:Concepts 11908:Ideology 11751:Congress 11486:Standing 11482:Enlarged 11275:Nhân Dân 10969:Trần Phú 10471:military 9958:Hàm Nghi 9946:Emperors 9867:Cường Để 9312:. 1987. 9302:. 1979. 9262:. 1972. 9245:. 1986. 9235:. 1964. 9217:(1990). 9161:(1971). 9149:(2001). 8965:(1990). 8818:45193059 8685:(2000). 8661:(1983). 8479:(1982). 8177:and the 8158:Archived 8128:2 August 8032:Archived 7857:Archived 7823:Archived 7569:Romanian 7536:Archived 7329:21 April 7256:vvaw.org 7010:Ang 2002 6953:Ang 2002 5400:17 April 5371:25 April 5365:BBC News 5028:Quốc học 4828:See also 4789:magazine 4482:Chí Minh 4401:Huy Thuc 4370:Ethiopia 4315:diabetes 4270:Le Paria 4249:Nhân Dân 4217:polyglot 4126:Cambodia 3821:machetes 3684:and the 3522:Shanghai 3475:Brussels 3448:piastres 3146:See also 3124:Leninism 2996:Slovenia 2894:Byelarus 2844:Mongolia 2824:Ethiopia 2812:Slovakia 2767:Bulgaria 2607:Cold War 2425:Gus Hall 2132:Kádárism 2127:Husakism 2122:Hoxhaism 2101:Variants 2050:Yugoslav 1910:Concepts 1885:a series 1883:Part of 1862:le round 1726:comrade 1684:Newhaven 1564:Le Havre 1476:Qui Nhơn 1414:Kim Liên 1333:Việt Bắc 1319:led the 1313:. 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