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It has a soundbox made from a half calabash or gourd, the opening covered with hide for a soundboard. The neck pierces the calabash, its end poking out the bottom of the instrument. Strings are secured to the stump of stick at the bottom and run across a bridge on the hide soundboard to the neck. The
87:. The instruments are "full-spike lutes" meaning that the neck goes all the way through the instrument, poking through both sides of the gourd or calabash resonator. Another alternative, separating these from other African lutes is the "semi-spike lutes" such as the
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family of instruments, the gurmi is specific to the Hausa people. Unlike the xalam, with its oval shaped soundbox, the gurmi's soundbox is round (the shape of the gourd which is its body). They have a rounded dowel neck.
390:
Shlomo
Pestcoe (2018). "7 "Strum Strumps" and "Sheepskin" Guitars, The Early Gourd Banjo and Clued to Its West African Roots i the Seventeenth-Century Circum-Caribbean". In Robert B. Winans (ed.).
40:. In looking at the two-finger playing style used by musicians who play the gumbri, researchers have listed it as a possible relative to the banjo. Researchers have talked about the
342:
Shlomo
Pestcoe; Greg C. Adams (2018). "1 Banjo Roos Research, Changing Perspectives on the Banjo's African American Origins and West African Heritage". In Robert B. Winans (ed.).
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The instrument has been traditionally played by Hausa men to make songs that praise wrestlers. It may be played as a solo instrument or accompany singing.
124:. 3 strings, "hemispherical" calabash soundbox, covered with cowhide, laced to instrument with strips on instrument's back. Horsehair/nylon strings.
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109:, Nigeria. 3 strings, round calabash soundbox, soundhole in side, a bridge that is hollow and "contains seeds". Used at death ceremonies.
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Researchers have paired the gurmi with a number of
African lutes, many with names that may be related to the name
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327:
Shlomo
Pestcoe; Greg C. Adams (2018). "3 List of West African Plucked Spike Lutes". In Robert B. Winans (ed.).
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strings are secured to the neck by tying them to tuning rings, separate strings or bands tied around the neck.
130:, Guinbri. Lute played by Gnawa people (descendants of West Africans brought north to Morocco as slaves).
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169:, Mali. 3 strings, plucked. Boat shaped soundbox, "metal-ringed jingle". Paired with
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playing the gurmi (a Hausa variant of the xalam with a signature spherical body) in
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180:. Cameroon. 3 strings, calabash or gourd soundbox in bowl shape.
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394:. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. 126.
346:. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. 11.
331:. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. 47.
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Gourlay, K. A. (1984). "Ngulang". In Sadie
Stanley (ed.).
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Gourlay, K. A. (1984). "Gumbri". In Sadie
Stanley (ed.).
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Interview with Hausa musician who plays Gurmi; has photo
439:
Gourlay, K. A. (1984). "Kubru". In Sadie
Stanley (ed.).
405:
Gourlay, K. A. (1984). "Gulom". In Sadie
Stanley (ed.).
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Gourlay, K. A. (1984). "Gurmi". In Sadie
Stanley (ed.).
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as if these are two different but similar instruments.
462:. Vol. 2. London: MacMillan Press. p. 765.
445:. Vol. 2. London: MacMillan Press. p. 477.
428:. Vol. 2. London: MacMillan Press. p. 110.
411:. Vol. 2. London: MacMillan Press. p. 110.
293:. Vol. 2. London: MacMillan Press. p. 111.
55:and "other peoples of Niger and northern Nigeria."
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459:The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments
442:The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments
425:The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments
408:The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments
290:The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments
482:Video of Salamatu Mai Gurmi playing the Gurmi.
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366:. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 13–14.
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196:of the Toubou people, playing an Ngurumi.
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155:. Nigeria. 2 strings, calabash soundbox.
32:of northern Nigeria. May also be called
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28:is a two or three-stringed lute of the
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148:. Niger. 2 strings, calabash soundbox.
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362:Kristina R. Gaddy (4 October 2022).
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51:The instrument is also played by
517:West African musical instruments
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94:These full-spike lutes include:
20:Hausa musician playing a gurmi
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507:Nigerian musical instruments
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512:Hausa musical instruments
392:Banjo Roots and Branches
344:Banjo Roots and Branches
329:Banjo Roots and Branches
79:Variations and relatives
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67:While a member of the
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173:one-stringed fiddle.
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194:Malam Maman Barka
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502:Drumhead lutes
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112:Gulum, gulom.
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100:Soninke people
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213:Diola people
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160:Sierra Leone
146:Hausa people
139:Mauri people
135:Dosso people
107:Kilba people
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30:Hausa people
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497:Spike lutes
178:Bana people
491:Categories
228:References
137:of Niger.
217:Casamance
98:Gambare.
247:, Niger.
209:Econtine
176:Ngùlǎn.
167:Timbuktu
158:Kambre.
151:Gurumi.
144:Gurumi.
133:Gurumi.
122:Cameroon
105:Gullum.
102:of Mali.
221:Senegal
165:Kubru.
59:Details
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171:diarka
128:Gumbri
46:gurumi
34:gurumi
245:Diffa
241:Griot
238:Hausa
215:, in
89:xalam
85:gurmi
69:xalam
42:gurmi
38:kumbo
26:gurmi
368:ISBN
118:Chad
44:and
24:The
36:or
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382:^
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236:A
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162:.
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