Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson

652:. For instance, in only the century-and-a-half of its existence, at least nine members of the Crovan dynasty perished from mutilation or assassination. For instance, in only the century-and-a-half of its existence, at least nine members of the Crovan dynasty perished from mutilation or assassination. As such, there is reason to regard this vicious internecine violence as the Crovan dynasty's greatest weakness. To contemporaries, the tortures of blinding and emasculation were a means of depriving power from a political opponent. Not only would the punishment deny a man the ability to sire descendants, it would divest him of personal power, limiting his ability to attract supporters, and further offset the threat of future vengeance. The maiming inflicted upon Guðrøðr seems to exemplify Óláfr's intent to wrest his perceived birthright from Rǫgnvaldr's bloodline. It is unknown why Rǫgnvaldr did not similarly neutralise Óláfr when he had the chance years before, although it may have had something to do with the preservation of international relations. For example, it is possible that his act of showing leniency to Óláfr had garnered Scottish support against the threat of Norwegian overlordship. In any case, the neutralisation of Guðrøðr appears to mark a turning point in the struggle between the Óláfr and Rǫgnvaldr. 458:

the Crovan dynasty due to internal infighting. The destructive Norwegian activity in the Isles may have been some sort of officially sanctioned punishment from Norway due to Rǫgnvaldr's recalcitrance in terms of, not only his Norwegian obligations, but his recent reorientation towards the English Crown. The fact that Ingi turned his attention to the Isles so soon after peace was brokered in Norway may well indicate the importance that he placed on his relations with Rǫgnvaldr and his contemporaries in the Isles. There is reason to suspect that Óláfr had earlier approached Ingi in an attempt to garner support in gaining his perceived birthright before Rǫgnvaldr was able to have Óláfr imprisoned by the Scots. With Óláfr thus neutralised, Rǫgnvaldr could well have submitted to the Norwegian Crown in the context of further securing his hold of the kingship. In any event, the albeit confused titles accorded to Rǫgnvaldr and Guðrøðr by the saga seem to reveal that Guðrøðr possessed some degree of power in the Isles by the early thirteenth century.

279: 977: 255: 757: 51: 629: 516: 700:. Unfortunately for Rǫgnvaldr, this marital alliance appears to have cost him the kingship, since the Manxmen are further reported to have had him removed from power and replaced with Óláfr. The recorded resentment of the union could indicate that Alan's son was intended to eventually succeed Rǫgnvaldr, who had reigned for almost forty years and was perhaps about sixty years-old at the time, and whose grandchildren were presumably still very young. In fact, it is possible that, in light of Rǫgnvaldr's advanced age and Guðrøðr's maiming, a significant number of the Islesmen regarded Óláfr as the rightful heir. Such a view could well account for the lack of enthusiasm that the Manxmen had for Alan and Rǫgnvaldr's campaign in the Hebrides. Since Thomas was likely little more than a 1313:, The king's campaign appears to have resulted in a local regime change, with Ruaidhrí being replaced by Domhnall in Kintyre. Óláfr's concurrent matrimonial realignment with Fearchar could well have been influenced by Scots' royal campaign against Ruaidhrí. One reason why the chronicle fails to name the father-in-law of Rǫgnvaldr and Óláfr could be that the chronicle is biased against him. Another possibility is that the chronicler may have simply not known his name. Likewise, the fact that the chronicle fails to name Lauon's sister—a woman alleged to have played a significant role in the kin-strife between Rǫgnvaldr and Óláfr—could be evidence of a specific bias against her. 214: 558: 339: 661: 681: 275:

that he left instructions for Óláfr to succeed to the kingship since the latter had been born "in lawful wedlock". Whether this is an accurate record of events is uncertain, as the Islesmen are stated to have chosen Rǫgnvaldr to rule instead, because unlike Óláfr, who was only a child at the time, Rǫgnvaldr was a hardy young man fully capable to reign as king. The fact that Rǫgnvaldr and Óláfr had different mothers may well explain the intense conflict between the two men in the years that followed. This continuing kin-strife is one of the main themes of Rǫgnvaldr's long reign.

834:, an apparent member of Clann Dubhghaill who had long served outside the Isles in Norway. Other Islesmen in Norway before Óláfr's arrival were Páll and Guðrøðr, the latter who seems to have been one of Óspakr's principal supporters. According to saga, Hákon not only granted Óspakr the kingship, but also gave him command of the Norwegian fleet tasked with restoring peace in the Isles. Within days of Óláfr's arrival in Norway, the saga reveals that Óspakr's fleet set sail for the Isles, and swelled in number after reaching Orkney. Whilst the 467: 1028: 708: 867: 625:. It is possible that Óláfr was aided by Fearchar in the strike against Guðrøðr. Certainly, the chronicle's account seems to suggest that Óláfr accumulated his forces whilst sheltering in Ross. Although the chronicle maintains that Óláfr was unable to prevent this torture, and specifically identifies Páll as the instigator of the act, the Icelandic annals record that Óláfr was indeed responsible for his nephew's plight, and make no mention of Páll. 1054:

been the catalyst of renewed conflict. Evidently still an adherent of Óláfr—certainly, the two are reported to have sailed on the same ship at the outset of Óspakr's campaign—Páll's annihilation suggests that Guðrøðr avenged his father's destruction and his own mutilation. The fact that Óláfr was able to regain and retain control of the realm after Guðrøðr's demise suggests that Óláfr may have moved against him once the Norwegians left the region.

424: 803: 11242: 932: 961:, and the saga reveal that command of the fleet was assumed by Óláfr, who successfully eluded Alan's forces, and capitalised upon the situation by diverting the armada to Mann. Although Óláfr succeeded in being reinstated as king after overwhelming some initial opposition, he was nevertheless forced to partition the realm with Guðrøðr, who took up kingship in the Hebrides. 1069:, whereupon the latter assumed the kingship. This abrupt seizure of royal power by Guðrøðr's son—almost twenty years after Guðrøðr's death—exposes the fact that the inter-dynastic strife between lines of (Guðrøðr's father) Rǫgnvaldr and Óláfr carried on for yet another generation. The infighting only came to an end in the reign of the dynasty's final monarch, Óláfr's son, 1016:

kings that ruled the realm before Rǫgnvaldr could afford to ignore Norwegian royal authority, it is apparent that those who ruled after him required a closer relationship with the Norwegian Crown. Óláfr went on to rule the realm until his death in 1237. Although Scottish sources fail to note the Norwegian campaign, its magnitude is revealed by English sources such as the

617:), suggests that the island is more likely Eilean Chaluim Chille than Skeabost Island, as the former appears to have sat between 285 metres (935 feet) and 450 metres (1,480 feet) from the surrounding shores of Loch Chaluim Chille. In any case, in consequence of the defeat, Guðrøðr's captured followers were put to death, whilst Guðrøðr himself was 322:, who kept him imprisoned for almost seven years until about the time of the latter's death in 1214. Since William died in December 1214, Óláfr's incarceration appears to have spanned between about 1207/1208 and 1214/1215. Upon Óláfr's release, the chronicle reveals that the half-brothers met on Mann, after which Óláfr set off on a 1419:, in an English account of succession dispute disputes among the Welsh, "the most frightful disturbances occur in their territories as a result, people being murdered, brothers killing each other and even putting each other's eyes out, for as everyone knows from experience it is very difficult to settle disputes of this sort". 965:

Clann Somhairle is acclaimed by the saga could be evidence that Hákon did not intend to replace Óláfr with Óspakr. Instead, Hákon may have planned for Óspakr to reign over the sprawling domain of Clann Somhairle as a way to ensure the kindred's obedience. Óspakr's prospective realm, therefore, seems to have comprised

184:. Although Rǫgnvaldr was greatly aided by Alan's military might, Óláfr eventually gained the upper hand, and Rǫgnvaldr was slain in 1229. Afterwards, Alan and his Clann Somhairle allies continued to pressure Óláfr, forcing him from the Isles to Norway where news of the continual warfare had already reached 911:

versions of the saga specify that the castle fell after three days of battle, and that three hundred Norwegians and Islesmen fell in the assault. By this stage in the campaign, the fleet is stated to have reached a size of eighty ships, a tally which may indicate that Óspakr's fighting force numbered

1053:

The context of Guðrøðr's final fall suggests that, despite his injuries and impairment, he was able to swiftly assert his authority and eliminate Páll. Although the Norwegians' presence may have temporarily constrained the implacable animosities of the Islesmen, the fleet's departure appears to have

1015:

Upon the homeward return of the Norwegians, the saga declares that Hákon's "honours had been won" as a result of the expedition, and that he himself heartily thanked the men for their service. The operation itself seems to mark a turning point in the history of the Kingdom of the Isles. Although the

992:

It is also possible that Hákon originally ordered a division of power between Óláfr and Guðrøðr, and that Hákon originally promised to lend support to Óláfr's cause on the condition of a concession of authority to Guðrøðr, who—like Óspakr—could have been recognised as king by the Norwegian Crown. An

457:

The two submitting monarchs of the saga most likely represent Rǫgnvaldr and Guðrøðr. Their submission appears to have been undertaken in the context facing the strengthening position of the Norwegian Crown following the settlement between the Birkibeinar and Baglar, and the simultaneous weakening of

195:

Guðrøðr seems to have been one of Óspakr's principal supporters, and accompanied him in the ensuing campaign that reached the Isles in 1230. Óspakr seems to died from injuries sustained in the midst of the operation after which command fell to Óláfr. Although the latter proceeded to divert the fleet

672:

In 1224, the year following Guðrøðr's defeat, the chronicle reveals that Óláfr took hostages from the leading men of the Hebridean portion of the realm, and confronted Rǫgnvaldr on Mann directly. It was then agreed that the kingdom would be split between the two: with Rǫgnvaldr keeping Mann itself

274:

Whilst Óláfr's mother was Fionnghuala Nic Lochlainn, an Irishwoman whose marriage to Guðrøðr Óláfsson was formalised (at about the time of Óláfr's birth) in 1176/1177, Rǫgnvaldr's mother appears to have been another Irishwoman named Sadbh. When Guðrøðr Óláfsson died in 1187, the chronicle reports

964:

Despite Óspakr's elevation as king, it is uncertain how Hákon envisioned the governance of the Kingdom of the Isles. On one hand, it is possible that Hákon intended for Óspakr and Guðrøðr to divide the kingdom at Óláfr's expense. On the other hand, the fact that Óláfr's struggle against Alan and

747:

notes that, although Óláfr grieved at his half-brother's death, he never exacted vengeance upon his killers. Although the chronicle's accounts of Guðrøðr's maiming and Rǫgnvaldr's death could be evidence that Óláfr was unable to control his supporters during these historical episodes, it is also

156:

kindred. Although Rǫgnvaldr was able to orchestrate a marriage between Óláfr and her sister, Óláfr was able to oversee the nullification of this alliance and proceeded to marry the daughter of a leading Scottish magnate. In consequence, Guðrøðr's mother ordered her son to attack Óláfr. Although

1438:

with letters pertaining to the needs of their lands. One possibility is that these so-called needs refer to the violent kin strife and recent treaty between the half-brothers. The saga may therefore reveal that the Norwegian Crown was approached by either representatives of both sides of the

531:

If the chronicle is to be believed, Óláfr's separation from Lauon enraged her sister—the wife of Rǫgnvaldr and mother of Guðrøðr—who surreptitiously tricked Guðrøðr into attacking Óláfr in 1223. Following what he thought were his father's orders, Guðrøðr gathered a force on Skye—where he was

732:

seized control of Mann. Suffering serious setbacks at the hands of his opponents, Óláfr reached out for English assistance against his half-brother, and eventually regained possession of the island. In what was likely early January 1229, Rǫgnvaldr successfully invaded Mann. According to the

1362:

is utilised as a result of English and Scottish influences in the Isles. In any case, the chronicle's account of Páll reveals that he was an important figure in the Isles—describing him as a "vigorous and powerful man throughout the kingdom"—and appears to indicate that he acted as a royal

858:

versions give the number eleven; and whilst the former version relates that the fleet gained twenty ships from Orkney, the latter three versions state that the fleet numbered twenty when it left Orkney. Once in the Isles, the fleet linked up with three leading members of Clann Somhairle on

149:, to succeed to the kingship, the Islesmen instead settled upon Rǫgnvaldr, who went on to rule the Kingdom of the Isles for almost forty years. The bitterly disputed royal succession divided the Crovan dynasty for three generations, and played a central role in Guðrøðr's recorded life. 200:

portion of the realm. The following year, after the Norwegians vacated the Isles, both Guðrøðr and Páll are reported to have been killed. Although Óláfr consolidated control of the entirety of the Crovan dynasty's realm, ruling it for the rest of his life, Guðrøðr's son,

997:

and the saga reveal that the Norwegian forces left Mann for home in the following spring, and established Guðrøðr in the Hebrides. Before the end of 1231, both Páll and Guðrøðr are reported to have been killed. Whilst the saga merely locates Guðrøðr's death to the

1388:

are traditionally said to have made a last stand in battle on Skye. Whilst the name of the island could suggest that the chronicle refers to Iona, the most famous island associated with St Columba, the context of passage reveals that the events took place on

952:

Having withdrawn his fleet to Kintyre, Óspakr took ill and died, presumably succumbing to injuries sustained from the assault on Bute. According to the saga, the king's death was bitterly lamented amongst his followers. In consequence of Óspakr's fall, the

1533:, in what may have been the culmination of a family feud. If word of Óspakr's royal fleet had not reached Alan and the Scots at the time of its arrival at Orkney, news of it could well have been passed on from Fearchar when the Islesmen clashed at Skye. 677:, one of Scotland's most powerful magnates. Whilst the pair are elsewhere stated to have campaigned in the Hebrides, the chronicle recounts that their operations came to nought because the Manx were unwilling to battle against Óláfr and the Hebrideans. 993:

accommodation between Óláfr and Guðrøðr could well have benefited both men, as it would have safeguarded their kindred against the dynastic ambitions of Alan, offsetting the royal marriage between this man's son and Guðrøðr's sister. In any case, the

737:, where Rǫgnvaldr's forces were routed with Rǫgnvaldr amongst the slain. Although the latter's fall is laconically corroborated by the Icelandic annals, other sources appear to suggest that his death was due to treachery. The fourteenth-century 878:

News of the gathering Norwegian fleet soon reached Alexander II, who appears to have made straight for the western coast, diverting his attention to the now rapidly developing crisis. On 28 May, Alan is recorded in Alexander II's presence at

874:. According to saga accounts, Óspakr's forces attacked the castle's soft stone walls, whilst the Scots poured boiling pitch down upon them. Later in the century, the castle appears to have undergone considerable reconstructional enhancement. 601:. If correct, the fortification could account for Guðrøðr's presence near an ecclesiastical site. According to the chronicle, Óláfr's forces consisted of five boats, and encircled the island after having launched from the opposite shore two 10181: 9420:

Fee, CR (2012). "Með Lögum Skal Land Vort Byggja (With Law Shall the Land be Built): Law as a Defining Characteristic of Norse Society in Saga Conflicts and Assembly Sites Throughout the Scandinavian North Atlantic". In

727:

At this low point of his career, the deposed Rǫgnvaldr appears to have gone into exile at Alan's court in Galloway. In 1228, whilst Óláfr and his chieftains were absent in Hebrides, Rǫgnvaldr, Alan, and (Alan's brother)

722:

of the Kingdom of the Isles. Tynwald was the site of the final conflict between Óláfr and Rǫgnvaldr. It may well have been the place where the Islesmen publicly inaugurated their kings, proclaimed new laws, and resolved

973:. If correct, the fleet's primary design would appear to have been the procurement of Óspakr's domain, whilst a secondary objective—adopted very late in the campaign—seems to have been the restoration of Óláfr on Mann. 799:, and a certain Somhairle. Although Óláfr arrived at the Norwegian court early in 1230, having been forced from the Isles by Alan and his allies, it is evident that Hákon had already decided upon a course of action. 1332:

to Óláfr could indicate that Óláfr had previously been recognised as Rǫgnvaldr's heir. On the other hand, this grant may have merely been given in the context of appeasing a disgruntled dynast passed over for the

784:

interests in the Isles. In fact, it is apparent that Alan and members of the Clann Dubhghaill branch of Clann Somhairle upheld pressure upon Óláfr. Reports of open warfare in the Isles reached the royal court of

9824:

MacInnes, IA (2019). "'A Somewhat too Cruel Vengeance was Taken for the Blood of the Slain': Royal Punishment of Rebels, Traitors, and Political Enemies in Medieval Scotland, c.1100–c.1250". In Tracy, L (ed.).

538:, where he is reported to have laid waste to most of the island. Óláfr is said to have only narrowly escaped with a few men, and to have fled to the protection of his father-in-law on the mainland in 504:, there is reason to suspect that the real reason for its demise was the animosity between the half-brothers. Once freed from his arranged marriage, Óláfr proceeded to marry Cairistíona, daughter of 354:

reveal that a military expedition from Norway to the Isles was in preparation in 1209. The following year, the same source makes note of "warfare" in the Isles, and specifies that the holy island of

1457:

Whilst this man is probably identical to Guðrøðr, there is reason to suspect that he could have been an otherwise unrecorded like-named brother. For example, it is only at about this point that the

11012:

The Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments & Constructions of Scotland: Ninth Report With Inventory of Monuments and Constructions in the Outer Hebrides, Skye and the Small Isles

8663: 1024:, with the latter reporting that the campaigning Norwegians and Islesmen were only overcome with much labour after they had invaded Scotland and Mann and inflicted considerable casualties. 1529:

version. Whilst the fleet was Orkney, the saga reports that a detachment of ships, led by Páll's son, Bálki, and a certain Óttarr Snækollr, journeyed to Skye where they fought and killed

364:, a thirteenth-century saga-collection that survives in two versions. Both versions reveal that a fleet of Norwegians plundered in the Isles, and the shorter version notes how men of the 404:") had not paid their taxes due to the Norwegian kings. In consequence, the source records that the Isles were ravaged until the two travelled to Norway and reconciled themselves with 318:—the southerly half. In any case, the chronicle further relates that Óláfr later confronted Rǫgnvaldr for a larger share of the realm, after which Rǫgnvaldr had him seized and sent to 1378:("the man of the castle of Eilean Chaluim Chille")—may confirm that Loch Chaluim Chille was indeed the site of Guðrøðr's stand against Óláfr and Páll. Kilmuir is also the site of 8810:

Beuermann, I (2011). "Jarla Sǫgur Orkneyja. Status and Power of the Earls of Orkney According to Their Sagas". In Steinsland, G; Sigurðsson, JV; Rekdal, JE; Beuermann, I (eds.).

1569:, a man who met Hákon in 1248/1249, the year after the king's coronation. The emphasise that Matthew placed upon the Norwegian realm's sea power appears to be underscored in the 1215:

The Scandinavian connections of leading members of the Isles may have been reflected in their military armament, and could have resembled that depicted upon such gaming pieces.

10027:

McDonald, RA (2016). "Sea Kings, Maritime Kingdoms and the Tides of Change: Man and the Isles and Medieval European Change, AD c1100–1265". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.).

912:

over three thousand men. Reports that Alan was in the vicinity, at the command of a massive fleet, are stated to have forced the Norwegians to withdraw to Kintyre. Whilst the

372:—two competing sides of the Norwegian civil war—decided to recoup their financial losses with a twelve-ship raiding expedition into the Isles. The longer version states that " 10953:

Stringer, KJ (1998) . "Periphery and Core in Thirteenth-Century Scotland: Alan Son of Roland, Lord of Galloway and Constable of Scotland". In Grant, A; Stringer, KJ (eds.).

8685: 9566:(2004) . "Killing and Mutilating Political Enemies in the British Isles From the Late Twelfth to the Early Fourteenth Century: A Comparative Study". In Smith, B (ed.). 240: 142: 585: 575: 597:. There is archaeological evidence to suggest that a fortified site sat on another island in the loch, and that this islet was connected to the monastic island by a 795:

specifically singles out Alan as one of the principal perpetrators of unrest in the Isles, along with several members of Clann Somhairle: Dubhghall mac Dubhghaill,

696:

A short time later, perhaps in about 1225 or 1226, the chronicle reveals that Rǫgnvaldr oversaw the marriage of a daughter of his to Alan's young illegitimate son,

12397: 12367: 1448:

Much of the visible site dates only to the eighteenth-, nineteenth-, and twentieth century. The first specific record of Tynwald as an assembly site dates to 1237.

10450: 500:

was then assembled, after which the marriage is stated to have been nullified. Although the chronicle alleges that Óláfr's marriage was doomed for being within a

11552: 648:

The mutilation and killing of high-status kinsmen during power struggles was not an unknown phenomenon in the peripheral regions of the British Isles during the

11547: 9375: 10921: 10390: 10210: 10147: 10000:

McDonald, RA (2012). "The Manx Sea Kings and the Western Oceans: The Late Norse Isle of Man in its North Atlantic Context, 1079–1265". In Hudson, B (ed.).

9268: 9000:

Caldwell, DH; Hall, MA; Wilkinson, CM (2009). "The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces: A Re-examination of Their Context, Meanings, Discovery and Manufacture".

1482: 9916:

McDonald, RA (2004). "Coming in From the Margins: The Descendants of Somerled and Cultural Accommodation in the Hebrides, 1164–1317". In Smith, B (ed.).

1372:

The fact that, according to local tradition in Kilmuir, Páll or his father appears to be traditionally associated with the district—and called in Gaelic

1485:, is also accorded several Gaelic epithets. Such names partly evidence the significant Gaelic influence upon the Scandinavian aristocracy of the Isles. 554:

on Skye who refused to take up arms against him. At a later date, Óláfr and Páll are reported to have returned to Skye and defeated Guðrøðr in battle.

496:. The chronicle claims that the bishop disapproved of the marriage on the grounds that Óláfr had formerly had a concubine who was a cousin of Lauon. A 222: 138: 8872: 7929: 10574: 1202:

Comprising some four sets, the pieces are thought to have been crafted in Norway in the twelfth- and thirteenth centuries. They were uncovered in

11639: 11246: 976: 11021: 8395:

Registrum Monasterii de Passelet, Cartas Privilegia Conventiones Aliaque Munimenta Complectens, A Domo Fundata A.D. MCLXIII Usque Ad A.D. MDXXIX

254: 180:

Guðrøðr's maiming marks a turning point in the feud between Rǫgnvaldr and Óláfr. With the escalation of hostilities, Rǫgnvaldr bound himself to

11010: 756: 50: 9743: 1322:

There is reason to suspect that the record of Guðrøðr on Skye indicates that he possessed the island in the context of acting as Rǫgnvaldr's

1310: 9367: 673:

along with the title of king, and Óláfr retaining the a share in the Hebrides. With Óláfr's rise at Rǫgnvaldr expense, the latter turned to

294:

At some point after assuming control of the kingdom, the chronicle reports that Rǫgnvaldr gave Óláfr possession of a certain island called "

11274: 8841:

Beuermann, I (2014). "No Soil for Saints: Why was There No Native Royal Martyr in Man and the Isles". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.).

278: 10102: 12387: 704:

at the time, it may well have been obvious to contemporary observers that Alan was the one who would hold the real power in the kingdom.

928:

versions give a tally of one hundred and fifty. These totals suggest that Alan commanded a force of two thousand or three thousand men.

161:, the latter was able to escape to the protection of his father-in-law on the Scottish mainland. In about 1223, Óláfr, and his adherent 11662: 11283: 11089:

Valante, MA (2010). "Review of RA McDonald, Manx Kingship in Its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty".

11486: 981: 248: 146: 10829:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 387–405. 10256:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 285–305. 8919: 9135:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 65–80. 8845:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 81–95. 8706: 8657: 10426:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 1–47. 8177:

Flateyjarbok: En Samling af Norske Konge-Sagaer med Indskudte Mindre Fortællinger om Begivenheder i og Udenfor Norse Same Annaler

10116:

McLeod, W (2002). "Rí Innsi Gall, Rí Fionnghall, Ceannas nan Gàidheal: Sovereignty and Rhetoric in the Late Medieval Hebrides".

9981:

McDonald, RA (2008). "Man, Ireland, and England: The English Conquest of Ireland and Dublin-Manx Relations". In Duffy, S (ed.).

7858: 11768: 11579: 9702:(1969). "The Payments From the Hebrides and Isle of Man to the Crown of Norway, 1153–1263: Annual Ferme or Feudal Casualty?". 1062: 628: 12362: 11763: 11228: 11190: 11149: 10903: 10834: 10513: 10491: 10460: 10227: 10083: 10048: 10017: 9990: 9971: 9948: 9906: 9834: 9650: 9636: 9537: 9493: 9474: 9446: 9140: 9121: 9061: 8956: 8850: 8823: 8800: 1435: 786: 185: 11703: 11501: 8640:

Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles

7975:

Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles

1228:, and Rǫgnvaldr himself. This identification rests on the fact that Raghnall and Rǫgnvaldr bore the same personal names—the 10972:

Stringer, KJ (2000). "Reform Monasticism and Celtic Scotland: Galloway, c.1140–c.1240". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.).

9466: 9131:

Crawford, BE (2014). "The Kingdom of Man and the Earldom of Orkney—Some Comparisons". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.).

229:. Guðrøðr's mother was Rǫgnvaldr's wife, a woman who is styled Queen of the Isles by the thirteenth- to fourteenth-century 9935:

McDonald, RA (2007a). "Dealing Death From Man: Manx Sea Power in and around the Irish Sea, 1079–1265". In Duffy, S (ed.).

350:

In 1210, Rǫgnvaldr appears to have found himself the target of renewed Norwegian hegemony in the Isles. Specifically, the

152:

Guðrøðr's mother was Rǫgnvaldr's wife. Whilst the name of this woman is unknown, she appears to have been a member of the

17: 12372: 11632: 1354:

term has been translated into English as "sheriff", but may represent a Scandinavian title. It is possible that the term

515: 405: 205:, continued the dynastic feud with Óláfr's successors, and temporarily held the kingship at the midpoint of the century. 11981: 8765: 1461:

accords Guðrøðr an epithet. Guðrøðr is accorded several epithets by numerous sources. For instance, the chronicle gives

883:, where the Scottish royal forces appear to have assembled. It was probably May or June when Óspakr's fleet rounded the 10466: 7979: 1530: 674: 519:

The royal title of Lauon's sister—Guðrøðr's mother—as it appears on folio 42v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "

181: 12357: 11209: 11000: 10981: 10962: 10861: 10742: 10733:

Sellar, WDH (2000). "Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.).

10723: 10679: 10631: 10431: 10372: 10261: 9925: 9881: 9871: 9807: 9679: 9617: 9594: 9575: 9356: 9250: 9098: 8990: 8884:

Mìorun Mòr nan Gall, 'The Great Ill-Will of the Lowlander'? Lowland Perceptions of the Highlands, Medieval and Modern

8700: 8671: 8569: 8502: 7997: 1027: 748:

possible that the compilers of this source sought to disassociate Óláfr from these acts of violence against his kin.

11267: 10894:

Strickland, MJ (2012). "The Kings of Scots at War, c. 1093–1286". In Spiers, EM; Crang, JA; Strickland, MJ (eds.).

10118: 244: 11450: 10788:

Smith, JS (1998). "Review of RA McDonald, The Kingdom of the Isles – Scotland's Western Seaboard, c.1100–c.1336".

11516: 579:). Another possibility is that the isle in question is the now-landlocked island of Eilean Chaluim Chille in the 259: 114: 9193:"Review of RA McDonald, Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting 1187–1229: King Rognvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty" 1398:

Guðrøðr's defeat to Óláfr and Páll is also noted—albeit in an extremely garbled form—by the seventeenth-century

1006:—an Old Norse term roughly equating to the Hebrides and Mann—the chronicle specifically locates the incident on 12392: 11625: 9799: 8771: 8440: 1430: 1041: 791: 692:

displaying a contemporary sailing vessel. The power of the kings of the Isles lay in their armed galley fleets.

509: 11425: 9861: 8515:

Calendar of Documents Relating to Ireland, Preserved in Her Majesty's Public Record Office, London, 1171–1251

493: 11491: 10501: 1434:

reports that a certain Gillikristr, Óttar Snækollsson, and many Islesmen, travelled to Norway and presented

11931: 11799: 11753: 8899: 8814:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: 7939: 697: 501: 12268: 11260: 11141: 10284: 10179:

Megaw, B (1976). "Norseman and Native in the Kingdom of the Isles: A Reassessment of the Manx Evidence".

9045: 319: 11708: 11584: 10332:

The Setting and Practice of Open-Air Judicial Assemblies in Medieval Scotland: A Multidisciplinary Study

9192: 1066: 202: 92: 11895: 11455: 10827:

Ideology and Power in the Viking and Middle Ages: Scandinavia, Iceland, Ireland, Orkney and the Faeroes

9609: 9529: 9306: 8982: 8868: 8812:

Ideology and Power in the Viking and Middle Ages: Scandinavia, Iceland, Ireland, Orkney and the Faeroes

1224:

Another possibility is that the two named kings instead refer to Rǫgnvaldr's like-named first cousin,

1089:

Since the 1980s, academics have accorded Guðrøðr various personal names in English secondary sources:

895:, where his forces successfully stormed and captured a fortress that is almost certainly identical to 12377: 12238: 11996: 11728: 11723: 9301: 8974: 8787:

Beuermann, I (2010). "'Norgesveldet?' South of Cape Wrath? Political Views Facts, and Questions". In

8725:

Beuermann, I (2002). "Metropolitan Ambitions and Politics: Kells-Mellifont and Man & the Isles".

8619: 715: 11599: 11557: 11022:"From Cathedral of the Isles to Obscurity – the Archaeology and History of Skeabost Island, Snizort" 9606:

Excavations on St Patrick's Isle, Peel, Isle of Man 1982–88: Prehistoric, Viking, Medieval and Later

9585:

Grant, A (2000). "The Province of Ross and the Kingdom of Alba". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.).

1298: 12306: 12258: 11758: 10878: 10780: 10663: 10345: 8432: 8385: 8276: 8253:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 3. London: Longman's Green, Reader, and Dyer. 8167: 8133: 8099: 8065: 8031: 7961: 7888: 796: 505: 423: 8343:

Registrum Magni Sigilli Regum Scotorum: The Register of the Great Seal of Scotland, A.D. 1424–1513

12382: 11834: 11430: 9090: 8643:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 2. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 802: 213: 11589: 8297: 1297:

The father of Rǫgnvaldr's wife and Lauon may well have been either Raghnall, or Raghnall's son,

1288:—were compelled to journey to Norway and submit to Ingi rendering him hostages and a large fine. 1070: 12064: 11946: 11778: 11390: 10752: 10655: 9219: 8418: 1306: 1225: 739: 478:

Upon Óláfr's return from his pilgrimage, the chronicle records that Rǫgnvaldr had Óláfr marry "

327: 11733: 10545: 10422:

Oram, RD (2005). "Introduction: An Overview of the Reign of Alexander II". In Oram, RD (ed.).

12182: 12138: 11743: 11648: 11574: 11521: 11161:

Land Assessment and Military Organisation in the Norse Settlements in Scotland, c.900–1266 AD

9604:

Harrison, A (2002). "Sources for the Documentary History of Peel Castle". In Freke, D (ed.).

8887: 8529: 1058: 939: 685: 618: 235:. Although her parentage is uncertain, the chronicle describes her father as a nobleman from 170: 12187: 11380: 11221:

The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600

10643:

The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600

9937:

The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600

9457: 1557:. The coat of arms concerns Hákon's coronation, and its associated caption reads in Latin: " 1415: 12352: 12213: 11880: 11855: 11773: 11718: 11682: 11511: 11506: 11420: 11287: 9237:

Duffy, S (2002). "The Bruce Brothers and the Irish Sea World, 1306–29". In Duffy, S (ed.).

9085:(1990). "Norwegian Sunset – Scottish Dawn: Hakon IV and Alexander III". In Reid, NH (ed.). 9053: 8533: 8244: 7987: 743:, for example, states that Rǫgnvaldr "fell a victim to the arms of the wicked"; whilst the 323: 130: 12025: 10546:"Meeting in Norway: Norse-Gaelic Relations in the Kingdom of Man and the Isles, 1090–1270" 660: 569:

The chronicle specifies that Guðrøðr was overcome on "a certain island called the isle of

8: 12070: 12036: 11900: 11890: 11885: 11542: 11465: 11400: 11395: 11375: 11301: 11183:

Ecclesia Nidrosiensis, 1153–1537: Søkelys på Nidaroskirkens og Nidarosprovinsens Historie

10671: 9197: 8623: 8458: 8315: 7969: 428: 360: 11824: 11594: 10182:

Scottish Studies: The Journal of the School of Scottish Studies, University of Edinburgh

9960:

Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty

8935: 8591: 8444: 8323: 8175: 1264:

The longer version of the saga also relates that a fleet of Norwegians made landfall in

573:". This location may be identical to Skeabost Island in the mouth of the river Snizort ( 338: 12233: 12218: 12123: 12018: 11819: 11738: 11440: 11435: 11359: 11349: 11124: 11108: 11091: 11060: 11044: 10805: 10757: 10591: 10317: 10301: 10089: 9782: 9766: 9727: 9711: 9430: 9408: 9392: 9331: 9315: 9033: 9017: 8744: 8625:

Sturlunga Saga Including the Islendinga Saga of Lawman Sturla Thordsson and Other Works

8596:. Norske historiske kildeskriftfonds skrifter,9. Oslo: P.T. Mallings Forlagsboghandel. 8587: 8513: 8464: 8426: 8359: 8337: 729: 633: 557: 543: 450: 192:, as King of the Isles, and outfitted him with a fleet to secure control of the Isles. 162: 11986: 11414: 10689:

Schach, P (2016) . "Hákonar Saga Gamla Hákonarsonar". In Pulsiano, P; Wolf, K (eds.).

8193: 55:

Guðrøðr's name as it appears on folio 42v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII (the

12253: 12248: 12113: 11905: 11875: 11839: 11564: 11481: 11354: 11332: 11310: 11252: 11224: 11205: 11186: 11145: 11116: 11064: 11052: 10996: 10977: 10958: 10899: 10872: 10857: 10840: 10830: 10813: 10774: 10738: 10719: 10675: 10627: 10599: 10560: 10532: 10509: 10487: 10456: 10437: 10427: 10368: 10321: 10309: 10267: 10257: 10223: 10190: 10127: 10108: 10093: 10079: 10054: 10044: 10013: 9986: 9967: 9963: 9944: 9940: 9921: 9902: 9867: 9848: 9840: 9830: 9803: 9786: 9774: 9719: 9632: 9613: 9590: 9571: 9533: 9499: 9489: 9470: 9442: 9412: 9400: 9352: 9323: 9246: 9242: 9202: 9162: 9146: 9136: 9117: 9094: 9057: 9037: 9025: 9013: 8986: 8962: 8952: 8948: 8927: 8891: 8856: 8846: 8829: 8819: 8796: 8752: 8696: 8667: 8638: 8565: 8554: 8498: 8393: 8379: 8341: 8248: 8226: 8207: 8161: 8127: 8093: 8059: 8025: 7991: 7973: 7955: 7896: 7882: 7866: 1509:("black"), or confused Guðrøðr with another man, is unknown. Much like the saga, the 854: 831: 807: 231: 189: 87: 57: 41: 8203: 680: 12263: 12223: 12161: 12085: 11991: 11936: 11829: 11385: 11164: 11100: 11081: 11036: 10926: 10797: 10583: 10395: 10349: 10293: 10215: 10152: 10104:

The Language of Authority: The Expression of Status in the Scottish Medieval Castle

10071: 10068:

Kings, Usurpers, and Concubines in the Chronicles of the Kings of Man and the Isles

10036: 10005: 9758: 9739: 9699: 9434: 9384: 9273: 9223: 9181: 9009: 8815: 8736: 8602: 8597: 8523: 8488: 8454: 8412: 8301: 8270: 7920: 7915: 1285: 1273: 1229: 942:

as depicted on folio 216v of Cambridge Corpus Christi College Parker Library 16II (

719: 665: 649: 351: 315: 311: 158: 80: 11316: 10945: 10716:

The Highland Clan MacNeacail (MacNicol): A History of the Nicolsons of Scorrybreac

10414: 10297: 10244: 10171: 9292: 8795:. Trondheim Studies in History. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press. pp. 99–123. 12316: 12301: 12273: 12243: 12228: 12208: 12052: 12046: 11961: 11865: 11460: 11406: 11343: 10882: 10279: 9813: 9646: 9631:. Trondheim Studies in History. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press. pp. 13–33. 9563: 9422: 9168: 9113: 9082: 8681: 8629: 8607: 8575: 8537: 8468: 8399: 8347: 8280: 8232: 8213: 8181: 7934: 1302: 944: 896: 884: 871: 810:, an apparent Clann Somhairle dynast, as it appears on folio 163v of AM 47 fol: " 446: 307: 239:, which suggests that he was a member of Clann Somhairle. Rǫgnvaldr was a son of 153: 10455:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 842: 196:

to Mann where he was reinstalled as king, Guðrøðr was recognised as king of the

12331: 12041: 12031: 11809: 11677: 11672: 11667: 11537: 11073: 10825:

Steinsland, G; Sigurðsson, JV; Rekdal, JE; Beuermann, I, eds. (2011). "Index".

10587: 10399: 10219: 10156: 9548: 9277: 9158: 8319: 8259: 7900: 1525:

exists in several mediaevel redactions. The most authoritative of these is the

1439:

inter-dynastic conflict, or perhaps by neutral chieftains caught in the middle.

1281: 1277: 970: 888: 689: 604: 539: 287: 226: 134: 104: 11104: 10384: 10204: 10141: 10075: 9486:

The Transformation of the Irish Church in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries

9262: 1065:. This monarch was slain in 1249, seemingly by an associate of Guðrøðr's son, 565:, and may have been the site where Guðrøðr was attacked and defeated by Óláfr. 12346: 12326: 12311: 12296: 12283: 12192: 12166: 12151: 12103: 11966: 11804: 11687: 11445: 11120: 11112: 11056: 11048: 11040: 10930: 10852:

Stell, G (2000). "War-Damaged Castles: The Evidence From Medieval Scotland".

10844: 10817: 10809: 10603: 10595: 10564: 10536: 10441: 10313: 10305: 10271: 10194: 10131: 10058: 9844: 9778: 9770: 9723: 9715: 9673: 9503: 9404: 9396: 9388: 9327: 9319: 9206: 9150: 9029: 9021: 8966: 8931: 8895: 8860: 8833: 8788: 8756: 8748: 8561: 8141: 8107: 8073: 8039: 1566: 1552: 1400: 1323: 1203: 580: 471: 303: 10915: 10886: 10009: 9918:

Britain and Ireland, 900–1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change

9438: 9172: 8611: 8579: 8541: 8403: 8351: 8284: 8236: 8217: 8185: 8005: 527:" ("Queen of the Isles"). Almost nothing is known of queenship in the Isles. 188:. As a result, Hákon elevated an apparent Clann Somhairle dynast, a certain 12321: 12146: 11976: 11951: 11794: 11748: 10698: 9817: 9762: 9568:

Britain and Ireland 900–1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change

9521: 9348: 8879: 8549: 8480: 8472: 8329: 1478: 935: 892: 848: 734: 711: 343: 283: 11860: 10801: 10252:

Murray, N (2005). "Swerving From the Path of Justice". In Oram, RD (ed.).

10040: 8695:. Edinburgh: The Scottish Society for Northern Studies. pp. 140–154. 916:

version of the saga numbers Alan's fleet at almost two hundred ships, the

492:

back to Óláfr, where the newlyweds proceeded to live until the arrival of

11814: 11713: 10693:. Routledge Revivals. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 259–260. 10641:

Ross, A (2007). "Moray, Ulster, and the MacWilliams". In Duffy, S (ed.).

10031:. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph. Milton Park, Abingdon: 8740: 836: 433: 365: 11617: 11128: 9731: 9335: 9133:

Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200

8843:

Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200

8664:

The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland

8325:

Chronica Regvm Manniæ et Insvlarvm: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys

8275:. Publications of the Scottish History Society. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: 12108: 11178: 10004:. The New Middle Ages. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 143–184. 9684: 8920:"Tynwald: A Manx Cult-Site and Institution of Pre-Scandinavian Origin?" 570: 251:, a daughter whose name is unknown, and possibly a son named Ruaidhrí. 11200:

Woolf, A (2004). "The Age of Sea-Kings, 900–1300". In Omand, D (ed.).

11169: 10354: 9899:

The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100–c. 1336

9798:, California Studies in the History of Art, Berkeley and Los Angeles: 9228: 8945:

Hugh de Lacy, First Earl of Ulster: Rising and Fall in Angevin Ireland

8493: 8306: 1031:

Guðrøðr's name and epithet as it appears on folio 163v of AM 47 fol: "

262:, as it appears on folio 40v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: " 12291: 12156: 12118: 12058: 11941: 11338: 10032: 9829:. Explorations in Medieval Culture. Leiden: Brill. pp. 119–146. 9658: 840:

version of the saga numbers the fleet in Norway at twelve ships, the

707: 622: 197: 174: 984:

as it appears on folio 44r of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "

764:

as it appears on folio 44v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "

636:

as it appears on folio 42v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "

466: 12098: 12075: 11971: 11956: 11870: 11496: 9304:(1971). "Tarbert Castle: A Contribution to the History of Argyll". 8264:. Vol. 1. Inverness: The Northern Counties Publishing Company. 1570: 1305:" in contemporary sources—or possibly even Raghnall's younger son, 1265: 1166: 781: 701: 598: 11219:

Woolf, A (2007). "A Dead Man at Ballyshannon". In Duffy, S (ed.).

9852: 866: 12128: 12093: 12012: 11921: 9239:

Robert the Bruce's Irish Wars: The Invasions of Ireland 1306–1329

8727: 7996:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 6. London: 7978:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 4. London: 1385: 1118: 761: 610: 236: 99: 11306: 10612: 9827:

Treason: Medieval and Early Modern Adultery, Betrayal, and Shame

9072: 1561:

Scutum regis Norwagiae nuper coronati, qui dicitur rex Insularum

1309:. In 1221/1222, Alexander II seems to have overseen a series of 11926: 11241: 10330: 9901:. Scottish Historical Monographs. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. 1543: 1269: 966: 830:

all reveal that Hákon handed over the kingship of the Isles to

594: 369: 8767:

The Norwegian Attack on Iona in 1209–10: The Last Viking Raid?

4546:

pp. 24 § i, 63 § iii, 126 § iv, 185 § v, 326 § viii, 479 § x;

8228:

Det Arnamagnæanske Hanndskrift 81a Fol. (Skálholtsbók Yngsta)

1548: 1503: 1495: 1490: 1471: 1351: 1233: 1046: 860: 773: 614: 561:

Eilean Chaluim Chille, Kilmuir, Skye. This meadow was once a

497: 145:. Although the latter may have intended for his younger son, 9985:. Vol. 8. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 131–149. 9629:

The Norwegian Domination and the Norse World c. 1100–c. 1400

9488:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. 9110:

The Northern Earldoms: Orkney and Caithness From 870 to 1470

8793:

The Norwegian Domination and the Norse World c. 1100–c. 1400

1255:" is the result of confusion regarding Rǫgnvaldr's patronym. 1117:. During the same period, Guðrøðr has been accorded various 9920:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 179–198. 9570:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 114–134. 8180:. Vol. 3. Oslo: P.T. Mallings Forlagsboghandel. 1868. 1165:. Since the 1990s, academics have accorded Guðrøðr various 590: 562: 417: 355: 166: 11181:(2003). "The Diocese of the Sudreyar". In Imsen, S (ed.). 10957:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 82–113. 10898:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 94–132. 10701:(1997–1998). "The Ancestry of the MacLeods Reconsidered". 931: 589:). This island once sat in Loch Chaluim Chille before the 9164:

Island Heritage: Dealing With Some Phases of Manx History

880: 9074:

A Keystone of Contention: The Earldom of Ross, 1215–1517

8525:

The Itinerary Through Wales and the Description of Wales

7914:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: H. M. General Register House. 10572:

Pringle, D (1998). "Rothesay Castle and the Stewarts".

9744:"Further Discoveries of Cross-Slabs in the Isle of Man" 9558:. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússona. pp. 194–207. 9459:

The Vikings and Their Victims: The Verdict of the Names

11282: 10282:(2016). "The Beginnings of Royal Pardon in Scotland". 8556:

The Journey Through Wales and the Description of Wales

542:. Óláfr is stated to have been followed into exile by 486:", the sister of his own wife. Rǫgnvaldr then granted 302:". Whilst the name of this island appears to refer to 11029:

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

9751:

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

9376:

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

6014:

pp. 24 § i, 64 § iii, 128 § iv, 187 § v, 327 § viii;

1379: 1373: 157:

Guðrøðr is recorded to have ravaged Óláfr's lands on

10523:

Pollock, M (2005). "Rebels of the West, 1209–1216".

9627:

Imsen, S (2010). "Introduction". In Imsen, S (ed.).

8981:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: 408:, whereupon the two took their lands from Ingi as a 11138:

Lordship in Four Realms: The Lacy Family, 1166–1241

11015:. Edinburgh: His Majesty's Stationery Office. 1928. 10668:

Kings and Vikings: Scandinavia and Europe, 700–1100

10029:

Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World

7902:

Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286

733:chronicle, Rǫgnvaldr and Óláfr led their armies to 10914: 10508:(2nd ed.). Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. 10383: 10214:(October 2008 ed.). Oxford University Press. 10203: 10140: 9672: 9261: 8593:Codex Frisianus: En Samling Af Norske Konge-Sagaer 8553: 10976:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 127–165. 10737:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 187–218. 10617:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. University of Glasgow. 10575:Journal of the British Archaeological Association 9608:. Centre for Manx Studies Monographs. Liverpool: 9368:"Argyll and the Isles in the Earlier Middle Ages" 9087:Scotland in the Reign of Alexander III, 1249–1286 8772:Iona Research Conference, April 10th to 12th 2012 1481:". Guðrøðr's like-named great-great grandfather, 1247:—coupled with the possibility that the source's " 12344: 11080:. Publications of the Harleian Society. London: 10955:Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community 9589:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 88–126. 9347:. The Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: 9052:(EPUB). The Penguin History of Britain. London: 8487:. Oslo: Norsk historisk kjeldeskrift-institutt. 358:was pillaged. These reports are corroborated by 314:—the chronicle's text seems to instead refer to 12398:Scottish royalty and nobility with disabilities 12368:13th-century rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles 10703:Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness 9886:Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness 9556:Samtíðarsögur: The Contemporary Sagas. Forprent 8198:. Vol. 9. Copenhagen: S. L. Möllers. 1835. 1493:". Whether this source has confused the Gaelic 1241: 1033: 1000: 812: 439: 410: 217:Locations relating to Guðrøðr's life and times. 10856:. Vol. 19. Caen: CRAM. pp. 275–286. 10614:Medieval Landscapes and Lordship in South Uist 10151:(May 2005 ed.). Oxford University Press. 9183:Wanderings in the Western Highland and Islands 8873:"The Gaelic World and the Early Stewart Court" 1551:, three galleys with dragon heads at each end 789:in the summer of 1229. The thirteenth-century 241:Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles 143:Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles 11633: 11268: 11223:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 77–85. 9884:(1978–1980). "The Ancestry of the MacLeods". 5976: 5974: 4117: 4115: 11185:. Tapir Akademisk Forlag. pp. 171–181. 10925:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 10645:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 24–44. 10394:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 10342:The Lordship of Galloway, c. 1000 to c. 1250 9272:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7082: 7080: 6225: 6223: 5664: 5662: 5642: 5640: 2055:Steinsland; Sigurðsson; Rekdal et al. (2011) 1775:Steinsland; Sigurðsson; Rekdal et al. (2011) 1483:Guðrøðr Crovan, King of Dublin and the Isles 1249: 1061:, who was in turn succeeded by another son, 398: 390: 382: 374: 11140:. Manchester Medieval Studies. Manchester: 10452:Domination and Lordship: Scotland 1070–1230 9796:The Art of Matthew Paris in Chronica Majora 9651:"Manx Memorial Stones of the Viking Period" 9216:Ireland and the Irish Sea Region, 1014–1318 9050:The Struggle For Mastery: Britain 1066–1284 8947:. Irish Historical Monographs. Woodbridge: 1559: 1463: 1356: 1344: 1327: 1326:. If correct, Rǫgnvaldr's earlier grant of 1007: 766: 638: 602: 548: 533: 521: 487: 480: 296: 264: 63: 11640: 11626: 11275: 11261: 8886:. Centre for Scottish and Celtic Studies, 8693:Barra and Skye: Two Hebridean Perspectives 8460:Chronicon de Lanercost, M.CC.I.–M.CCC.XLVI 8449:. Vol. 16. Edinburgh: William Creech. 8414:Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland 8346:. Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House. 7912:Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland 7458: 7456: 5971: 5520: 5518: 4569: 4567: 4112: 3986: 3984: 3883: 3881: 1592: 1590: 1301:—both of whom appear to have been styled " 431:as it appears on folio 139v of AM 47 fol ( 49: 11647: 11168: 10353: 9227: 9167:. Manchester: George Falkner & Sons. 8601: 8492: 8411:Simpson, GG; Galbraith, JD, eds. (n.d.). 8305: 7919: 7077: 6220: 5659: 5637: 3351:p. 157 fig. 2a, 163 fig. 8d, 187 fig. 14. 2101: 2099: 11163:(PhD thesis). University of St Andrews. 10974:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages 10735:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages 9587:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages 9513:Place-Names of Skye and Adjacent Islands 4699: 4697: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4689: 3161: 3159: 1026: 975: 930: 865: 801: 755: 751: 706: 679: 659: 655: 627: 556: 514: 465: 422: 337: 277: 253: 223:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles 212: 139:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles 129:, was a thirteenth-century ruler of the 11204:. Edinburgh: Birlinn. pp. 94–109. 10922:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 10391:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 10211:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 10148:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 9269:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7905:. Vol. 2. London: Oliver and Boyd. 7453: 5515: 4564: 3981: 3878: 1587: 1565:". The coat of arms was illustrated by 1428:Also that year, the thirteenth-century 1039:". This epithet—accorded to Guðrøðr by 780:The death of Alan's ally did not deter 593:was drained of water and turned into a 333: 243:. Other children of this ruler include 14: 12345: 11769:Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland 10484:Alexander II, King of Scots, 1214–1249 8146:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8112:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8078:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8044:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8010:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 5246: 5244: 2096: 11621: 11256: 10691:Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia 8659:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments 4686: 3890:pp. viii, 14, 47, 61–62, 67, 76, 93; 3156: 2972:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments 2898:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments 1469:, an epithet derived from the Gaelic 1384:("the field of the stricken"), where 10335:(PhD thesis). University of Glasgow. 9467:Viking Society for Northern Research 9366:Duncan, AAM; Brown, AL (1956–1957). 9077:(PhD thesis). University of Glasgow. 8649: 8212:. Oslo: Julius Thømtes Boktrykkeri. 4734:pp. 16–17 pl. 1 fig. 6, 17, 17 n. 7. 1754: 1752: 1750: 1737: 1735: 1614: 1612: 1489:accords Guðrøðr an epithet meaning " 772:". The epithet refers to the colour 10652:The Province of Moray, c. 1000–1230 9549:"1236: Órækja Meiddr ok Heill Gerr" 9345:Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom 8560:. Penguin Classics. Harmondsworth: 8446:The Statistical Account of Scotland 5241: 1375:Fear Caisteal Eilein Chaluim Chille 24: 12388:Rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles 10424:The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49 10385:"Thomas, Earl of Atholl (d. 1231)" 10254:The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49 10205:"Ross Family (per. c.1215–c.1415)" 7850: 1513:identifies Guðrøðr as "the black". 1342:The chronicle describes Páll as a 1239:is an equivalent of the Old Norse 675:Alan fitz Roland, Lord of Galloway 182:Alan fitz Roland, Lord of Galloway 25: 12409: 9863:Raasay: The Island and its People 9680:Germanische Altertumskunde Online 9429:. The New Middle Ages. New York: 8686:"Skye From Somerled to A.D. 1500" 7998:Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer 6520:pp. 474–475, 475 n. 1, 475 n. 3; 1747: 1732: 1609: 1477:("brown"), and means "brown" or " 1413:According to the twelfth-century 668:, Rǫgnvaldr's ally against Óláfr. 532:evidently based—and proceeded to 11982:Port an Eilean Mhòir boat burial 11896:Scottish–Norwegian War (1262-66) 11240: 10714:Sellar, WDH; Maclean, A (1999). 10525:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies 10506:Early Medieval Ireland, 400–1200 10119:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies 10002:Studies in the Medieval Atlantic 9427:Studies in the Medieval Atlantic 9014:10.1179/007660909X12457506806243 8231:. Oslo: Mallingske Bogtrykkeri. 7829: 7817: 7805: 7789: 7761: 7745: 7702: 7686: 7662: 7642: 7614: 7602: 7551: 7539: 7441: 7429: 7413: 7385: 7369: 7349: 7337: 7266: 7219: 7191: 7128: 7116: 7100: 7049: 7025: 6970: 6919: 6907: 6852: 6813: 6770: 6714: 6700:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 6668: 6652: 6605: 6550: 6507: 6495: 6479: 6440: 6401: 6342: 6291: 6279: 6259: 6196: 6168: 6128: 6116: 6100: 6084: 6064: 5993: 5935: 5868: 5805: 5738: 5706: 5625: 5597: 5566: 5463: 5439: 5400: 5340: 5320: 5296: 5284: 5272: 5256: 5229: 5217: 5205: 5169: 5113: 5093: 5069: 5041: 4993: 4957: 4945: 4917: 4898: 4871: 4789: 4737: 4725: 4709: 4674: 4658: 4646: 4634: 4607: 4587: 4521: 4477: 4465: 4441: 4421: 4389: 4373: 4357: 4337: 4317: 4298: 4267: 4239: 4215: 4175: 4143: 4131: 3349:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 2833:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 2633:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 2621:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 2609:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 2597:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 1536: 1516: 1451: 1442: 1436:Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway 1422: 1407: 1392: 1366: 1336: 1272:, whereupon Bjarni Kolbeinsson, 1206:in the early nineteenth century. 1057:Óláfr was succeeded by his son, 787:Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway 609:from it. This distance, about 2 474:of the so-called Lewis chessmen. 346:of the so-called Lewis chessmen. 186:Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway 8979:The Wars of Scotland, 1214–1371 8691:. In Kruse, A; Ross, A (eds.). 7980:Her Majesty's Stationery Office 7111:Tremlett; London; Wagner (1967) 7095:Tremlett; London; Wagner (1967) 4310:The Royal Commission on Ancient 4068: 3969: 3949: 3866: 3839: 3827: 3815: 3795: 3747: 3663: 3651: 3606: 3554: 3530: 3518: 3442: 3426: 3354: 3342: 3322: 3310: 3294: 3247: 3235: 3223: 3211: 3187: 3171: 3132: 3080: 3061: 2994: 2924: 2874: 2850: 2838: 2826: 2794: 2758: 2690: 2674: 2638: 2626: 2614: 2602: 2590: 2578: 2566: 2518: 2498: 2450: 2434: 2422: 2398: 2379: 2363: 2315: 2299: 2271: 2243: 2223: 2167: 2147: 2127: 2111: 2060: 2044: 2028: 2016: 2000: 1988: 1976: 1964: 1948: 1936: 1912: 1900: 1864: 1852: 1316: 1291: 1258: 1218: 1209: 1196: 1083: 10896:A Military History of Scotland 9866:. Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited. 9800:University of California Press 1824: 1780: 1764: 1660: 1624: 1169:in English secondary sources: 1121:in English secondary sources: 510:Alexander II, King of Scotland 449:were nominal overlords of the 406:Ingi Bárðarson, King of Norway 258:The name of Guðrøðr's father, 208: 13: 1: 10753:"Skye, Eilean Chaluim Chille" 10298:10.1080/03044181.2016.1212250 9671:Insley, J; Wilson, D (2006). 9515:. Paisley: Alexander Gardner. 9186:. Paisley: Alexander Gardner. 8485:Islandske Annaler Indtil 1578 7859:"AM 47 Fol (E) – Eirspennill" 7845: 2835:pp. 161 fig. 6g, 185 fig. 12. 1020:, and the thirteenth-century 508:, a man closely aligned with 494:Reginald, Bishop of the Isles 461: 12363:13th-century Scottish people 10946:UK public library membership 10415:UK public library membership 10245:UK public library membership 10172:UK public library membership 10070:. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 9293:UK public library membership 8328:. Vol. 1. Douglas, IM: 8294:Böglunga Saga (Styttri Gerð) 7289:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 7206:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6930:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6914:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6863:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6777:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6733:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6683:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6371:p. 474, 474 n. 2, 474 n. 9; 3627:pp. 670 § 3136, 678 § 3170; 1923:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 1691:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 1580: 502:prohibited degree of kinship 7: 11744:Ingibjörg the Earls'-Mother 11142:Manchester University Press 10654:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. 10285:Journal of Medieval History 10202:Munro, R; Munro, J (2008). 9456:Fellows-Jensen, G (1998) . 8518:. London: Longman & Co. 8269:Macphail, JRN, ed. (1914). 4623:The Itinerary Through Wales 4291:Skye, Eilean Chaluim Chille 3621:MacDonald; MacDonald (1896) 320:William I, King of Scotland 306:—the northerly half of the 125:(died 1231), also known as 10: 12414: 12373:Blind royalty and nobility 12284:Associated clans and septs 11072:Tremlett, TD; London, HS; 10916:"Alexander II (1198–1249)" 10718:. Lochbay: Maclean Press. 10588:10.1179/jba.1998.151.1.149 10367:. Edinburgh: John Donald. 9704:Scottish Historical Review 9610:Liverpool University Press 9530:Cambridge University Press 9307:Scottish Historical Review 8983:Edinburgh University Press 8637:Vigfusson, G, ed. (1887). 8512:Sweetman, HS, ed. (1875). 5086:pp. 54–55, 128–129 pl. 1; 4652: 3379:pp. 78–79, 116, 152, 190; 822:The Icelandic annals, the 445:". The thirteenth-century 12282: 12201: 12175: 12137: 12084: 12005: 11914: 11848: 11787: 11764:Margaret, Queen of Norway 11724:Gormflaith ingen Murchada 11696: 11655: 11608: 11530: 11474: 11368: 11325: 11294: 11105:10.1017/S0038713409990418 10076:10.1007/978-3-030-22026-6 7499:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 7380:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 7364:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 7297:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 7214:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 7155:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 6934:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 6765:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 6569:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 6365:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 6306:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 6016:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5899:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5832:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5769:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5733:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5427:Simpson; Galbraith (n.d.) 4930:pp. 80–81, 153, 155–156; 4914:vol. 1 p. 168 § 501 n. 1. 4895:vol. 1 p. 168 § 501 n. 1. 4766:pp. 52–53, 80, 153, 212; 3790:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 3742:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 3617:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 2354:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 2087:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 1523:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar 1487:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar 1431:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar 1380: 1042:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar 792:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar 718:may have been a national 266:Reginaldus filjus Godredi 133:. He was a member of the 110: 98: 86: 74: 48: 39: 34: 12358:13th-century Manx people 11759:Margaret, Maid of Norway 11709:Bethóc, Prioress of Iona 11426:Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó 11078:Rolls of Arms: Henry III 11041:10.9750/PSAS.144.245.264 10971: 10912: 10893: 10879:James Maclehose and Sons 10877:. Vol. 1. Glasgow: 10870: 10851: 10787: 10732: 10713: 10688: 10624:The West Highland Galley 10571: 10365:The Lordship of Galloway 10346:University of St Andrews 10251: 10201: 10115: 10100: 10065: 10026: 9915: 9880: 9859: 9823: 9554:. In Tómasson, S (ed.). 9389:10.9750/PSAS.090.192.220 9342: 8942: 8840: 8511: 8364:Dokumentasjonsprosjektet 8277:Scottish History Society 8268: 8257: 8106: 8072: 8038: 8004: 7993:Giraldi Cambrensis Opera 7986: 7930:"Cotton MS Julius A VII" 7708: 7620: 7494: 7462: 7391: 7375: 7355: 7272: 7063: 6870: 6866: 6819: 6780: 6756: 6748: 6705: 6662: 6658: 6615: 6611: 6556: 6485: 6348: 6265: 6229: 6202: 6178: 6138: 6134: 5999: 5815: 5744: 5672: 5611: 5603: 5524: 5469: 5430: 5326: 5123: 5119: 5099: 4999: 4987: 4811: 4795: 4743: 4731: 4715: 4664: 4631:pp. 211–212 bk. 2 ch. 3. 4628: 4613: 4593: 4581: 4573: 4527: 4483: 4451: 4427: 4395: 4367: 4347: 4273: 4261: 4245: 4221: 4181: 4149: 4074: 3990: 3935: 3887: 3833: 3821: 3773: 3761: 3729: 3717: 3705: 3693: 3681: 3669: 3635: 3628: 3620: 3560: 3524: 3492: 3476: 3452: 3448: 3384: 3364: 3360: 3105:pp. 106–107, 106 n. 20; 3019:pp. 106–107, 106 n. 19; 2844: 2764: 2696: 2527:pp. 24, 46, 48, 66, 77; 2524: 2460: 2456: 2440: 2404: 2345: 2341: 2321: 2289: 2277: 2265: 2249: 2229: 2173: 2153: 2082: 2078: 2066: 2006: 1970: 1894: 1870: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1786: 1726: 1666: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1076: 797:Donnchadh mac Dubhghaill 506:Fearchar mac an tSagairt 169:, defeated Guðrøðr, and 11835:Thorbjorn Thorsteinsson 11754:Máel Muire ingen Amlaíb 11431:Echmarcach mac Ragnaill 11218: 11199: 11177: 11158: 11135: 11088: 11071: 11019: 11009: 10995:. London: BT Batsford. 10990: 10952: 10824: 10751: 10697: 10662: 10649: 10640: 10621: 10610: 10543: 10522: 10500: 10481: 10448: 10421: 10381: 10362: 10339: 10328: 10278: 10178: 10138: 10010:10.1057/9781137062390_6 9999: 9980: 9957: 9934: 9896: 9793: 9738: 9698: 9670: 9645: 9626: 9603: 9584: 9562: 9546: 9519: 9510: 9483: 9455: 9439:10.1057/9781137062390_5 9419: 9365: 9299: 9259: 9236: 9213: 9190: 9180:Donaldson, MEM (1923). 9179: 9157: 9130: 9107: 9081: 9071:Cochran-Yu, DK (2015). 9070: 9044: 8999: 8973: 8917: 8882:; MacGregor, M (eds.). 8867: 8809: 8786: 8763: 8724: 8680: 8656: 8636: 8628:. Vol. 2. Oxford: 8618: 8603:2027/hvd.32044084740760 8586: 8548: 8522: 8479: 8453: 8439: 8410: 8392: 8358: 8336: 8314: 8292:Michaelsson, E (2015). 8291: 8243: 8224: 8202: 8192: 8174: 8140: 7968: 7928: 7921:2027/mdp.39015014807203 7909: 7895: 7857: 7835: 7823: 7811: 7799: 7795: 7783: 7779: 7775: 7771: 7767: 7755: 7751: 7736: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7696: 7692: 7680: 7676: 7672: 7668: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7636: 7632: 7628: 7624: 7608: 7593: 7589: 7585: 7581: 7577: 7573: 7569: 7565: 7561: 7557: 7545: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7518: 7514: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7498: 7490: 7486: 7482: 7478: 7474: 7470: 7466: 7447: 7435: 7423: 7419: 7407: 7403: 7399: 7395: 7379: 7363: 7359: 7343: 7331: 7324: 7320: 7316: 7312: 7308: 7304: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7280: 7276: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7213: 7209: 7205: 7201: 7197: 7182: 7178: 7174: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7122: 7110: 7106: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7071: 7067: 7059: 7055: 7043: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7016: 7012: 7008: 7004: 7000: 6996: 6992: 6988: 6984: 6980: 6976: 6961: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6945: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6925: 6913: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6878: 6874: 6862: 6858: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6831: 6827: 6823: 6804: 6800: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6776: 6764: 6760: 6752: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6686: 6682: 6678: 6674: 6643: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6576: 6572: 6568: 6564: 6560: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6529: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6501: 6489: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6431: 6427: 6423: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6407: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6352: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6301: 6297: 6285: 6273: 6269: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6233: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6174: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6142: 6122: 6110: 6106: 6094: 6090: 6078: 6074: 6070: 6058: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6039: 6035: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5984: 5980: 5965: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5914: 5910: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5894: 5890: 5886: 5882: 5878: 5874: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5819: 5811: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5748: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5712: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5688: 5684: 5680: 5676: 5668: 5650: 5646: 5631: 5619: 5615: 5607: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5579:pp. 128 § iv, 480 § x; 5576: 5572: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5532: 5528: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5457: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5334: 5330: 5314: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5290: 5278: 5266: 5262: 5250: 5235: 5223: 5211: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5122:pp. 24–25, 46, 48, 62; 5110:pp. 120, 128–129 pl. 1. 5107: 5103: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4951: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4908: 4904: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4862: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4719: 4703: 4680: 4668: 4640: 4621: 4617: 4601: 4597: 4577: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4471: 4459: 4455: 4447: 4435: 4431: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4383: 4379: 4363: 4351: 4343: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4308: 4304: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4137: 4125: 4121: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3975: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3943: 3939: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3872: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3809: 3805: 3801: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3769: 3765: 3757: 3753: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3725: 3721: 3713: 3709: 3701: 3697: 3689: 3685: 3677: 3673: 3657: 3642: 3624: 3616: 3612: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3436: 3432: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3348: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3316: 3304: 3300: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3241: 3229: 3217: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3181: 3177: 3165: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3071: 3067: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2985: 2981: 2980:pp. 378–381, 379 n. 2; 2977: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2832: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2684: 2680: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2632: 2620: 2608: 2596: 2584: 2572: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2444: 2428: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2389: 2385: 2373: 2369: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2309: 2305: 2293: 2285: 2281: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2237: 2233: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2161: 2157: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2121: 2117: 2105: 2090: 2086: 2074: 2070: 2054: 2050: 2038: 2034: 2022: 2010: 1994: 1982: 1958: 1954: 1942: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1906: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1858: 1846: 1830: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1774: 1770: 1758: 1741: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1654: 1650: 1634: 1630: 1618: 1600: 1596: 1573:he attributed to Hákon. 1504: 1496: 1472: 1363:representative on Skye. 1242: 1234: 1143:Godred the Brown-haired 1034: 1001: 891:, and made landfall on 813: 440: 411: 384:Konge aff Möen i Syderö 11779:Ragnhildis Olafsdottir 11600:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí 11558:Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill 11159:Williams, DGE (1997). 10871:Stevenson, JH (1914). 10656:University of Aberdeen 10626:. Edinburgh: Birlinn. 10486:. Edinburgh: Birlinn. 10400:10.1093/ref:odnb/49364 10220:10.1093/ref:odnb/54308 10157:10.1093/ref:odnb/20672 9958:McDonald, RA (2007b). 9763:10.9750/PSAS.050.50.62 9524:; Pedersen, F (2005). 9278:10.1093/ref:odnb/50617 9220:Trinity College Dublin 9091:John Donald Publishers 8419:Scottish Record Office 8209:Eirspennill: Am 47 Fol 6057:pp. 101 ch. 137, 527; 5652:Cotton MS Julius A VII 4574:Sellar; Maclean (1999) 3859:Cotton MS Julius A VII 3587:pp. 4, 27, 27 n. 138; 3467:pp. 79, 152–153, 190; 2415:pp. 27 tab. 1, 71–72; 2391:Cotton MS Julius A VII 1843:Sellar; Maclean (1999) 1647:Sellar; Maclean (1999) 1602:Cotton MS Julius A VII 1560: 1464: 1374: 1357: 1345: 1328: 1250: 1226:Raghnall mac Somhairle 1050: 1045:—refers to the colour 1018:Chronicle of Lanercost 1008: 989: 980:The name and title of 955:Chronicle of Lanercost 949: 875: 828:Chronicle of Lanercost 819: 777: 767: 740:Chronicle of Lanercost 724: 693: 669: 645: 639: 603: 566: 549: 534: 528: 522: 488: 481: 475: 454: 399: 391: 383: 375: 347: 328:Santiago de Compostela 297: 291: 271: 265: 225:, and a member of the 218: 64: 12393:Scottish blind people 12183:Scottish island names 12006:Artifacts and culture 11683:Mormaers of Caithness 11649:Scandinavian Scotland 11553:Somairle mac Dubgaill 11522:Aonghus mac Somhairle 11517:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson 10991:Tabraham, C (2005) . 10802:10.3366/nor.1998.0010 10066:McDonald, RA (2019). 10041:10.4324/9781315630755 9897:McDonald, RA (1997). 9484:Flanagan, MT (2010). 9343:Duncan, AAM (1996) . 9108:Crawford, BE (2013). 8918:Broderick, G (2003). 8888:University of Glasgow 8764:Beuermann, I (2012). 8534:J. M. Dent & Sons 8258:MacDonald, A (1896). 8225:Kjær, A, ed. (1910). 7938:. n.d. Archived from 7910:Bain, J, ed. (1881). 7865:. n.d. Archived from 7330:pp. 102–103 ch. 138; 7315:pp. 153–154 ch. 167; 7307:pp. 557–558 ch. 169; 7287:pp. 87, 92, 158–159; 6842:pp. 477–478 ch. 173; 6591:pp. 146–147 ch. 167; 6587:pp. 152–153 ch. 167; 6524:pp. 556–557 ch. 168; 6211:Fellows-Jensen (1998) 6183:Fellows-Jensen (1998) 5858:pp. 475–476 ch. 169; 5685:Fellows-Jensen (1998) 5303:Insley; Wilson (2006) 5291:Insley; Wilson (2006) 3786:Dunbar; Duncan (1971) 3738:Dunbar; Duncan (1971) 3051:p. 381, 381 nn. 1–2; 1887:Fellows-Jensen (1998) 1715:Fellows-Jensen (1998) 1555:, one above the other 1542:This coat of arms is 1311:invasions into Argyll 1183:Guðrøðr Rögnvaldarson 1030: 1022:Annales de Dunstaplia 979: 934: 869: 805: 759: 752:Invasion of the Isles 710: 683: 663: 656:Escalation of warfare 631: 560: 518: 469: 426: 341: 281: 260:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson 257: 221:Guðrøðr was a son of 216: 115:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson 12202:Battles and treaties 11856:Kingdom of the Isles 11774:Ragnhild Eriksdotter 11729:Gunnhild Gormsdóttir 11719:Cacht ingen Ragnaill 11570:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson 11548:Dubgall mac Dubgaill 11512:Ragnall mac Somairle 11507:Dubgall mac Somairle 11421:Murchad mac Diarmata 11288:Kingdom of the Isles 11249:at Wikimedia Commons 11247:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson 10931:10.1093/ref:odnb/322 10913:Stringer, K (2004). 10874:Heraldry in Scotland 10779:: CS1 maint: year ( 10142:"Olaf (1173/4–1237)" 10101:McGrail, MJ (1995). 10035:. pp. 333–349. 9433:. pp. 123–142. 9263:"Ragnvald (d. 1229)" 9093:. pp. 103–131. 9002:Medieval Archaeology 8818:. pp. 109–161. 8741:10.1484/J.Peri.3.497 8431:: CS1 maint: year ( 8384:: CS1 maint: year ( 8166:: CS1 maint: year ( 8132:: CS1 maint: year ( 8098:: CS1 maint: year ( 8064:: CS1 maint: year ( 8030:: CS1 maint: year ( 7960:: CS1 maint: year ( 7887:: CS1 maint: year ( 7727:p. 464 ch. 181/166; 7580:p. 467 ch. 182/167; 7513:p. 467 ch. 182/167; 7495:Matheson (1978–1980) 7311:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 7244:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 7169:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 7003:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 6948:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 6885:p. 465 ch. 182/167; 6830:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 6791:p. 466 ch. 182/167; 6630:p. 465 ch. 182/167; 6583:p. 465 ch. 182/167; 6547:pp. 101–102 ch. 138. 6528:p. 464 ch. 181/166; 6457:p. 464 ch. 181/166; 6418:p. 464 ch. 181/166; 6379:p. 464 ch. 181/166; 6320:p. 463 ch. 180/165; 6030:p. 463 ch. 180/165; 5913:p. 462 ch. 178/163; 5846:p. 462 ch. 178/163; 5783:p. 461 ch. 177/162; 5238:pp. 126, 139 n. 107. 4868:vol. 1 p. 168 § 501. 4842:p. 390 ch. 106/101; 4822:p. 117, 117 n. 142; 4627:p. 193 bk. 2 ch. 4; 4620:p. 261 bk. 2 ch. 4; 4368:Matheson (1978–1980) 4348:Matheson (1978–1980) 3936:Matheson (1978–1980) 3579:pp. 117 n. 68, 152; 2475:pp. 70–71, 94, 170; 1895:Matheson (1978–1980) 1727:Matheson (1978–1980) 1191:Guðrǫðr Rǫgnvaldsson 1187:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson 826:, the saga, and the 334:Scandinavian sojourn 141:, the eldest son of 131:Kingdom of the Isles 123:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson 35:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson 12071:St Magnus Cathedral 11947:Cubbie Roo's Castle 11891:Davidian Revolution 11734:Helga Moddansdóttir 11704:Aud the Deep-Minded 11585:Haraldr Guðrøðarson 11543:Donnchadh of Argyll 11466:Sigurðr Jórsalafari 11451:Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson 11436:Gofraid mac Sitriuc 11401:Lagmann mac Gofraid 11396:Thorfinn the Mighty 11376:Ragnall mac Gofraid 10329:O'Grady, J (2008). 10139:McNamee, C (2005). 9860:MacLeod, N (2002). 9511:Forbes, AR (1923). 9198:The Medieval Review 9191:Downham, C (2008). 8938:on 7 February 2009. 8924:Studeyrys Manninagh 8890:. pp. 83–109. 8398:. Edinburgh. 1832. 8360:"Regesta Norvegica" 7358:p. 295, 295 n. 47; 7125:pp. 13–14, 13 n. 2. 7068:Stringer, KJ (1998) 7040:Stringer, KJ (1998) 6995:p. 476, 476 n. 12; 6985:Stringer, KJ (1998) 6940:p. 476, 476 n. 12; 6695:Stringer, KJ (1998) 6248:pp. 472 n. 5, 478; 5757:Stringer, KJ (1998) 5458:Munch; Goss (1874a) 5415:Stringer, KJ (1998) 5379:Stringer, KJ (1998) 5196:Stringer, KJ (1998) 5064:Kermode (1915–1916) 5058:pp. 114–115 pl. 1; 5054:pp. 128–129 pl. 1; 4990:pp. 185–186 § 1218. 4986:pp. 158–159 § 890; 4952:Stringer, KJ (1998) 4846:pp. 89–90 ch. 101; 4806:p. 111, 111 n. 39; 4506:p. 258, 258 n. 99; 4452:Munro; Munro (2008) 4256:p. 145, 145 n. 24; 4057:pp. 199, 201, 203; 4053:p. 258, 258 n. 99; 3722:Stringer, KJ (1998) 3716:pp. 122, 125, 130; 3493:Stringer, KJ (2000) 2789:Stringer, KJ (1998) 2775:p. 145, 145 n. 74; 2719:p. 145, 145 n. 74; 1531:Þórkell Þórmóðarson 1179:Guðrøð Rǫgnvaldsson 1175:Godred Rognvaldsson 969:, Kintyre, and the 760:Guðrøðr's name and 93:Haraldr Guðrøðarson 12065:Sen dollotar Ulaid 12019:Chronicles of Mann 11739:Ingeborg of Norway 11580:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson 11502:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson 11441:Fingal mac Gofraid 11381:Amlaíb mac Sitriuc 11360:Gofraid mac Arailt 11020:Thomas, S (2014). 10993:Scotland's Castles 10622:Rixson, D (1982). 10611:Raven, JA (2005). 10482:Oram, RD (2013) . 9943:. pp. 45–76. 9612:. pp. 15–23. 9431:Palgrave Macmillan 9245:. pp. 45–70. 8530:Everyman's Library 8465:The Bannatyne Club 8040:"Document 1/7/164" 7869:on 26 January 2016 7719:p. 474, 474 n. 8; 7523:Munch; Goss (1874) 7479:Sellar (1997–1998) 7303:pp. 471–472, 477; 6622:p. 476, 476 n. 5; 6449:p. 474, 474 n. 9; 6410:p. 474, 474 n. 2; 6238:Sellar (1997–1998) 6163:Munch; Goss (1874) 6161:p. 472, 472 n. 5; 6151:Sellar (1997–1998) 6044:Munch; Goss (1874) 5838:p. 464, 464 n. 4; 5775:p. 464, 464 n. 4; 5689:Sellar (1997–1998) 5647:Munch; Goss (1874) 5561:Munch; Goss (1874) 5510:Munch; Goss (1874) 5395:Munch; Goss (1874) 5315:Munch; Goss (1874) 5164:Munch; Goss (1874) 5036:Munch; Goss (1874) 4784:Munch; Goss (1874) 4578:Sellar (1997–1998) 4536:Sellar (1997–1998) 4516:Munch; Goss (1874) 4500:Sellar (1997–1998) 4436:Sellar (1997–1998) 4430:pp. 67, 82 n. 42; 4412:Sellar (1997–1998) 4398:pp. 67, 82 n. 42; 4364:Sellar (1997–1998) 4344:Sellar (1997–1998) 4332:Munch; Goss (1874) 4314:pp. 165–166 § 535. 4305:Sellar (1997–1998) 4258:Sellar (1997–1998) 4248:pp. 67, 82 n. 42; 4234:Sellar (1997–1998) 4210:Munch; Goss (1874) 4202:Sellar (1997–1998) 4170:Munch; Goss (1874) 4162:Sellar (1997–1998) 4126:Sellar (1997–1998) 4107:Munch; Goss (1874) 4095:Sellar (1997–1998) 4063:Munch; Goss (1874) 4043:Sellar (1997–1998) 3944:Munch; Goss (1874) 3924:Sellar (1997–1998) 3854:Munch; Goss (1874) 3706:Stringer, K (2004) 3513:Munch; Goss (1874) 3501:Sellar (1997–1998) 3421:Munch; Goss (1874) 3409:Sellar (1997–1998) 3391:p. 27, 27 n. 138; 2931:Michaelsson (2015) 2910:pp. 378, 381–382; 2821:Munch; Goss (1874) 2753:Munch; Goss (1874) 2711:pp. 154–155, 167; 2669:Munch; Goss (1874) 2561:Munch; Goss (1874) 2493:Munch; Goss (1874) 2386:Munch; Goss (1874) 2218:Munch; Goss (1874) 2142:Munch; Goss (1874) 2122:Sellar (1997–1998) 1847:Sellar (1997–1998) 1651:Sellar (1997–1998) 1619:Sellar (1997–1998) 1597:Munch; Goss (1874) 1416:Descriptio Kambriæ 1278:co-earls of Orkney 1051: 990: 950: 876: 820: 778: 730:Thomas fitz Roland 725: 694: 670: 646: 567: 529: 476: 472:queen gaming piece 455: 451:kings of the Isles 441:Inga Barðar s(son) 348: 292: 272: 219: 12340: 12339: 12307:Macaulay of Lewis 11840:Thorstein the Red 11788:Other notable men 11615: 11614: 11538:Óláfr Guðrøðarson 11487:Óláfr Guðrøðarson 11482:Domnall mac Taidc 11355:Maccus mac Arailt 11333:Olaf Guthfrithson 11245:Media related to 11230:978-1-85182-946-0 11192:978-82-519-1873-2 11151:978-0-7190-8937-4 11136:Veach, C (2014). 10944:(Subscription or 10905:978-0-7486-3204-6 10836:978-90-04-20506-2 10790:Northern Scotland 10650:Ross, AD (2003). 10544:Power, R (2005). 10515:978-1-315-55878-3 10493:978-1-907909-05-4 10462:978-0-7486-1496-7 10449:Oram, RD (2011). 10413:(Subscription or 10382:Oram, RD (2004). 10363:Oram, RD (2000). 10340:Oram, RD (1988). 10243:(Subscription or 10229:978-0-19-861411-1 10170:(Subscription or 10109:McGill University 10085:978-3-030-22026-6 10050:978-1-315-63075-5 10019:978-1-137-06239-0 9992:978-1-84682-042-7 9973:978-1-84682-047-2 9964:Four Courts Press 9950:978-1-85182-946-0 9941:Four Courts Press 9908:978-1-898410-85-0 9836:978-90-04-40069-6 9794:Lewis, S (1987), 9638:978-82-519-2563-1 9547:Gade, KE (1994). 9539:978-0-521-82992-2 9495:978-1-84383-597-4 9476:978-0-903521-39-0 9448:978-1-137-06239-0 9291:(Subscription or 9260:Duffy, S (2004). 9243:Tempus Publishing 9214:Duffy, S (1993). 9142:978-90-04-25512-8 9123:978-0-85790-618-2 9063:978-0-14-193514-0 8958:978-1-78327-134-4 8949:The Boydell Press 8943:Brown, D (2016). 8852:978-90-04-25512-8 8825:978-90-04-20506-2 8802:978-82-519-2563-1 8650:Secondary sources 8250:Annales Monastici 8142:"Document 3/32/2" 8108:"Document 3/32/1" 8074:"Document 3/30/1" 8006:"Document 1/16/1" 7344:Cochran-Yu (2015) 5816:Strickland (2012) 5610:p. 82, 82 n. 72; 5474:Cochran-Yu (2015) 5361:pp. 81, 155–156; 5347:Cochran-Yu (2015) 5138:pp. 64–65 n. 87; 4910:Regesta Norvegica 4891:Regesta Norvegica 4864:Regesta Norvegica 4602:Gillingham (2004) 4472:Cochran-Yu (2015) 4448:Cochran-Yu (2015) 4434:p. 80, 80 n. 55; 4406:p. 80, 80 n. 55; 4400:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3995:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3892:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3682:Strickland (2012) 3565:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3537:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3457:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3433:Cochran-Yu (2015) 3369:Cochran-Yu (2015) 2845:Strickland (2012) 2701:Cochran-Yu (2015) 2635:pp. 155, 168–173. 2623:pp. 165, 197–198. 2360:p. 467 n. 2. tab. 2312:p. 467 n. 2. tab. 2296:p. 467 n. 2. tab. 2178:Cochran-Yu (2015) 2093:p. 467 n. 2. tab. 1995:Cochran-Yu (2015) 1919:Cochran-Yu (2015) 1675:Cochran-Yu (2015) 1459:Chronicle of Mann 1127:Godfrey the Black 995:Chronicle of Mann 982:Óláfr Guðrøðarson 959:Chronicle of Mann 824:Chronicle of Mann 745:Chronicle of Mann 344:rook gaming piece 286:of the so-called 284:king gaming piece 232:Chronicle of Mann 120: 119: 58:Chronicle of Mann 42:King of the Isles 29:King of the Isles 16:(Redirected from 12405: 12378:Castrated people 11997:St Magnus Church 11992:Scar boat burial 11937:Brough of Birsay 11830:Sweyn Asleifsson 11825:Ragnall ua Ímair 11642: 11635: 11628: 11619: 11618: 11595:Eóghan of Argyll 11575:Haraldr Óláfsson 11492:Guðrøðr Óláfsson 11386:Sigurd the Stout 11277: 11270: 11263: 11254: 11253: 11244: 11234: 11215: 11196: 11174: 11172: 11155: 11132: 11085: 11082:Harleian Society 11068: 11026: 11016: 11006: 10987: 10968: 10949: 10941: 10939: 10937: 10918: 10909: 10890: 10867: 10854:Château Gaillard 10848: 10821: 10784: 10778: 10770: 10768: 10766: 10748: 10729: 10710: 10694: 10685: 10659: 10646: 10637: 10618: 10607: 10568: 10550: 10540: 10519: 10497: 10478: 10476: 10474: 10465:. Archived from 10445: 10418: 10410: 10408: 10406: 10387: 10378: 10359: 10357: 10336: 10325: 10275: 10248: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10207: 10198: 10175: 10167: 10165: 10163: 10144: 10135: 10112: 10097: 10062: 10023: 9996: 9977: 9954: 9931: 9912: 9893: 9877: 9856: 9820: 9790: 9748: 9735: 9695: 9693: 9691: 9676: 9667: 9655: 9642: 9623: 9600: 9581: 9559: 9553: 9543: 9516: 9507: 9480: 9464: 9452: 9416: 9372: 9362: 9339: 9296: 9288: 9286: 9284: 9265: 9256: 9233: 9231: 9210: 9187: 9176: 9154: 9127: 9104: 9078: 9067: 9041: 8996: 8970: 8939: 8934:. Archived from 8914: 8912: 8910: 8904: 8898:. Archived from 8877: 8864: 8837: 8806: 8783: 8781: 8779: 8760: 8721: 8719: 8717: 8711: 8705:. Archived from 8690: 8677: 8644: 8633: 8615: 8605: 8583: 8559: 8545: 8519: 8508: 8496: 8476: 8450: 8436: 8430: 8422: 8407: 8389: 8383: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8355: 8333: 8311: 8309: 8288: 8265: 8254: 8240: 8221: 8199: 8189: 8171: 8165: 8157: 8155: 8153: 8137: 8131: 8123: 8121: 8119: 8103: 8097: 8089: 8087: 8085: 8069: 8063: 8055: 8053: 8051: 8035: 8029: 8021: 8019: 8017: 8001: 7983: 7965: 7959: 7951: 7949: 7947: 7925: 7923: 7906: 7892: 7886: 7878: 7876: 7874: 7839: 7836:McDonald (2007b) 7833: 7827: 7824:McDonald (2007b) 7821: 7815: 7812:McDonald (2007b) 7809: 7803: 7796:McDonald (2007b) 7793: 7787: 7772:McDonald (2007b) 7768:Beuermann (2010) 7765: 7759: 7752:McDonald (2007b) 7749: 7743: 7735:p. 146 ch. 166; 7733:Vigfusson (1887) 7731:p. 152 ch. 166; 7723:p. 556 ch. 168; 7713:McDonald (2007b) 7706: 7700: 7697:McDonald (2007b) 7690: 7684: 7666: 7660: 7657:Stevenson (1839) 7646: 7640: 7625:McDonald (2007b) 7618: 7612: 7609:McDonald (2007b) 7606: 7600: 7592:p. 478 ch. 173; 7588:p. 148 ch. 167; 7586:Vigfusson (1887) 7584:p. 154 ch. 167; 7576:p. 558 ch. 169; 7562:Carpenter (2003) 7558:McDonald (2007b) 7555: 7549: 7543: 7537: 7529:p. 478 ch. 173; 7521:p. 148 ch. 167; 7519:Vigfusson (1887) 7517:p. 154 ch. 167; 7509:p. 558 ch. 169; 7471:McDonald (2007b) 7460: 7451: 7445: 7439: 7436:Beuermann (2010) 7433: 7427: 7417: 7411: 7396:McDonald (2007b) 7389: 7383: 7373: 7367: 7353: 7347: 7341: 7335: 7332:Stevenson (1839) 7323:p. 478 ch. 173; 7319:p. 148 ch. 167; 7317:Vigfusson (1887) 7285:McDonald (2007b) 7270: 7264: 7256:p. 478 ch. 173; 7252:p. 148 ch. 167; 7250:Vigfusson (1887) 7248:p. 153 ch. 167; 7240:p. 557 ch. 169; 7230:McDonald (2007b) 7223: 7217: 7202:McDonald (2007b) 7195: 7189: 7181:p. 478 ch. 173; 7177:p. 148 ch. 167; 7175:Vigfusson (1887) 7173:p. 153 ch. 167; 7165:p. 557 ch. 169; 7143:McDonald (2007b) 7132: 7126: 7120: 7114: 7104: 7098: 7084: 7075: 7060:McDonald (2007b) 7056:McDonald (2007a) 7053: 7047: 7036:McDonald (2007b) 7032:McDonald (2007a) 7029: 7023: 7015:p. 478 ch. 173; 7011:p. 147 ch. 167; 7009:Vigfusson (1887) 7007:p. 153 ch. 167; 6999:p. 557 ch. 169; 6981:McDonald (2007b) 6977:McDonald (2007a) 6974: 6968: 6960:p. 478 ch. 173; 6956:p. 147 ch. 167; 6954:Vigfusson (1887) 6952:p. 153 ch. 167; 6944:p. 557 ch. 169; 6923: 6917: 6911: 6905: 6897:p. 477 ch. 173; 6893:p. 147 ch. 167; 6891:Vigfusson (1887) 6889:p. 153 ch. 167; 6881:p. 557 ch. 169; 6859:McDonald (2007b) 6856: 6850: 6838:p. 147 ch. 167; 6836:Vigfusson (1887) 6834:p. 153 ch. 167; 6817: 6811: 6803:p. 477 ch. 173; 6799:p. 147 ch. 167; 6797:Vigfusson (1887) 6795:p. 153 ch. 167; 6774: 6768: 6718: 6712: 6707:Document 1/7/164 6672: 6666: 6656: 6650: 6642:p. 477 ch. 173; 6638:p. 147 ch. 167; 6636:Vigfusson (1887) 6634:p. 153 ch. 167; 6626:p. 557 ch. 169; 6609: 6603: 6595:p. 477 ch. 173; 6589:Vigfusson (1887) 6579:p. 557 ch. 169; 6554: 6548: 6540:p. 477 ch. 172; 6536:p. 146 ch. 166; 6534:Vigfusson (1887) 6532:p. 152 ch. 166; 6511: 6505: 6499: 6493: 6483: 6477: 6469:p. 477 ch. 172; 6465:p. 146 ch. 166; 6463:Vigfusson (1887) 6461:p. 152 ch. 166; 6453:p. 556 ch. 168; 6444: 6438: 6430:p. 477 ch. 172; 6426:p. 146 ch. 166; 6424:Vigfusson (1887) 6422:p. 152 ch. 166; 6414:p. 556 ch. 168; 6405: 6399: 6391:p. 477 ch. 172; 6387:p. 146 ch. 166; 6385:Vigfusson (1887) 6383:p. 152 ch. 166; 6375:p. 556 ch. 168; 6346: 6340: 6332:p. 476 ch. 171; 6328:p. 145 ch. 165; 6326:Vigfusson (1887) 6324:p. 151 ch. 164; 6316:p. 556 ch. 167; 6295: 6289: 6283: 6277: 6270:McDonald (2007b) 6263: 6257: 6254:Vigfusson (1887) 6252:p. 154 ch. 167; 6234:McDonald (2007b) 6227: 6218: 6200: 6194: 6175:Ó Cróinín (2017) 6172: 6166: 6143:McDonald (2007b) 6132: 6126: 6123:McDonald (2007b) 6120: 6114: 6111:McDonald (2007b) 6104: 6098: 6088: 6082: 6075:Beuermann (2010) 6068: 6062: 6059:Stevenson (1839) 6050:p. 476 ch. 171; 6040:Vigfusson (1878) 6038:p. 145 ch. 165; 6036:Vigfusson (1887) 6034:p. 151 ch. 164; 6026:p. 556 ch. 167; 6004:McDonald (2007b) 5997: 5991: 5983:p. 557 ch. 169; 5978: 5969: 5939: 5933: 5925:p. 476 ch. 169; 5921:p. 144 ch. 163; 5919:Vigfusson (1887) 5917:p. 150 ch. 163; 5909:p. 555 ch. 165; 5872: 5866: 5854:p. 144 ch. 163; 5852:Vigfusson (1887) 5850:p. 150 ch. 163; 5842:p. 555 ch. 165; 5820:Carpenter (2003) 5809: 5803: 5795:p. 475 ch. 168; 5791:p. 144 ch. 162; 5789:Vigfusson (1887) 5787:p. 150 ch. 162; 5779:p. 555 ch. 164; 5742: 5736: 5710: 5704: 5677:McDonald (2007b) 5669:Ó Cróinín (2017) 5666: 5657: 5644: 5635: 5629: 5623: 5620:Stevenson (1839) 5608:McDonald (2007b) 5601: 5595: 5585:Vigfusson (1878) 5573:McDonald (2007b) 5570: 5564: 5537:McDonald (2007b) 5522: 5513: 5490:McDonald (2007b) 5486:McDonald (2007a) 5467: 5461: 5450:McDonald (2007b) 5443: 5437: 5407:McDonald (2007b) 5404: 5398: 5359:McDonald (2007b) 5344: 5338: 5331:McDonald (2007b) 5324: 5318: 5300: 5294: 5288: 5282: 5276: 5270: 5267:McDonald (2007b) 5260: 5254: 5251:Broderick (2003) 5248: 5239: 5233: 5227: 5221: 5215: 5212:McDonald (2007b) 5209: 5203: 5180:McDonald (2007b) 5173: 5167: 5140:McDonald (2007b) 5136:McDonald (2007a) 5117: 5111: 5108:McDonald (2007b) 5097: 5091: 5084:McDonald (2007b) 5080:McDonald (2007a) 5073: 5067: 5052:McDonald (2007b) 5048:McDonald (2007a) 5045: 5039: 5012:McDonald (2007b) 4997: 4991: 4961: 4955: 4949: 4943: 4928:McDonald (2007b) 4921: 4915: 4902: 4896: 4875: 4869: 4854:p. 440 ch. 105; 4848:Vigfusson (1887) 4804:Beuermann (2010) 4793: 4787: 4764:McDonald (2007b) 4760:McDonald (2007a) 4741: 4735: 4732:Stevenson (1914) 4729: 4723: 4713: 4707: 4701: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4669:McDonald (2007b) 4662: 4656: 4653:McDonald (2007b) 4650: 4644: 4641:McDonald (2007b) 4638: 4632: 4611: 4605: 4598:McDonald (2007b) 4591: 4585: 4571: 4562: 4552:Vigfusson (1878) 4532:McDonald (2007b) 4525: 4519: 4492:McDonald (2007b) 4481: 4475: 4469: 4463: 4445: 4439: 4432:McDonald (2007b) 4425: 4419: 4404:McDonald (2007b) 4393: 4387: 4380:Donaldson (1923) 4377: 4371: 4361: 4355: 4341: 4335: 4321: 4315: 4302: 4296: 4282:Donaldson (1923) 4271: 4265: 4243: 4237: 4230:McDonald (2007b) 4219: 4213: 4194:McDonald (2007b) 4179: 4173: 4158:McDonald (2007b) 4147: 4141: 4135: 4129: 4119: 4110: 4091:Broderick (2003) 4083:McDonald (2007b) 4072: 4066: 4031:Broderick (2003) 4015:McDonald (2007b) 3988: 3979: 3976:McDonald (2007b) 3973: 3967: 3956:McDonald (2007b) 3953: 3947: 3904:McDonald (2007b) 3885: 3876: 3873:McDonald (2007b) 3870: 3864: 3846:McDonald (2007b) 3843: 3837: 3831: 3825: 3819: 3813: 3799: 3793: 3751: 3745: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3649: 3613:McDonald (2007b) 3610: 3604: 3577:McDonald (2007b) 3558: 3552: 3545:McDonald (2007b) 3534: 3528: 3522: 3516: 3465:McDonald (2007b) 3446: 3440: 3437:McDonald (2007b) 3430: 3424: 3377:McDonald (2007b) 3363:pp. 61, 63, 66; 3358: 3352: 3346: 3340: 3337:McDonald (2007b) 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3298: 3292: 3270:McDonald (2007b) 3262:Beuermann (2011) 3258:Beuermann (2012) 3251: 3245: 3242:Beuermann (2011) 3239: 3233: 3230:McDonald (2007b) 3227: 3221: 3218:Beuermann (2010) 3215: 3209: 3206:McDonald (2007b) 3198:Beuermann (2010) 3194:Beuermann (2011) 3191: 3185: 3182:McDonald (2007b) 3175: 3169: 3163: 3154: 3147:McDonald (2007b) 3136: 3130: 3111:McDonald (2007b) 3103:Beuermann (2010) 3099:Beuermann (2011) 3084: 3078: 3065: 3059: 3047:p. 23, 23 n. 3; 3033:Beuermann (2002) 3025:McDonald (2007b) 3017:Beuermann (2010) 3013:Beuermann (2011) 2998: 2992: 2963:Beuermann (2002) 2951:McDonald (2007b) 2939:Beuermann (2012) 2928: 2922: 2912:Vigfusson (1878) 2885:McDonald (2007b) 2878: 2872: 2865:McDonald (2007b) 2857:Beuermann (2011) 2854: 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2801:McDonald (2007b) 2798: 2792: 2777:McDonald (2007b) 2762: 2756: 2721:McDonald (2007b) 2694: 2688: 2681:McDonald (2007b) 2678: 2672: 2649:McDonald (2007b) 2642: 2636: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2573:McDonald (2007b) 2570: 2564: 2537:McDonald (2007b) 2522: 2516: 2513:McDonald (2007b) 2502: 2496: 2481:Broderick (2003) 2473:McDonald (2007b) 2461:Beuermann (2014) 2459:pp. 24, 66, 77; 2454: 2448: 2445:McDonald (2007b) 2438: 2432: 2429:McDonald (2007b) 2426: 2420: 2413:McDonald (2007b) 2402: 2396: 2383: 2377: 2376:p. 467 n. 2 tab. 2367: 2361: 2356:p. 200 tab. ii; 2340:p. 77 tab. 4.1; 2330:McDonald (2007b) 2319: 2313: 2306:McDonald (2007b) 2303: 2297: 2282:McDonald (2007b) 2275: 2269: 2254:McDonald (2007b) 2247: 2241: 2234:McDonald (2007a) 2227: 2221: 2190:McDonald (2007b) 2186:McDonald (2007a) 2171: 2165: 2162:McDonald (2007b) 2151: 2145: 2134:McDonald (2007b) 2131: 2125: 2115: 2109: 2106:McDonald (2007b) 2103: 2094: 2089:p. 200 tab. ii; 2071:McDonald (2007b) 2064: 2058: 2048: 2042: 2035:Beuermann (2010) 2032: 2026: 2020: 2014: 2004: 1998: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1968: 1962: 1959:McDonald (2007b) 1952: 1946: 1940: 1934: 1916: 1910: 1904: 1898: 1883:Broderick (2003) 1875:Ó Cróinín (2017) 1868: 1862: 1856: 1850: 1828: 1822: 1811:McDonald (2007b) 1803:Beuermann (2010) 1784: 1778: 1771:Beuermann (2011) 1768: 1762: 1756: 1745: 1739: 1730: 1707:Broderick (2003) 1671:Ó Cróinín (2017) 1664: 1658: 1628: 1622: 1616: 1607: 1594: 1574: 1563: 1540: 1534: 1520: 1514: 1507: 1499: 1475: 1467: 1455: 1449: 1446: 1440: 1426: 1420: 1411: 1405: 1396: 1390: 1383: 1382: 1381:Blar a' Bhuailte 1377: 1370: 1364: 1360: 1348: 1340: 1334: 1331: 1320: 1314: 1295: 1289: 1286:Davið Haraldsson 1274:Bishop of Orkney 1262: 1256: 1253: 1245: 1237: 1222: 1216: 1213: 1207: 1200: 1194: 1171:Godred Ranaldson 1151:Guðrøð the Black 1087: 1037: 1011: 1004: 940:Hákon Hákonarson 816: 770: 666:Alan fitz Roland 650:High Middle Ages 642: 608: 588: 578: 552: 537: 525: 523:regina Insularum 491: 484: 443: 414: 402: 394: 386: 378: 352:Icelandic annals 312:Lewis and Harris 300: 268: 159:Lewis and Harris 81:Lewis and Harris 67: 53: 32: 31: 21: 12413: 12412: 12408: 12407: 12406: 12404: 12403: 12402: 12343: 12342: 12341: 12336: 12278: 12274:Treaty of Perth 12197: 12171: 12133: 12080: 12053:Orkneyinga saga 12047:Manx runestones 12001: 11987:Rubha an Dùnain 11962:Kirkwall Castle 11932:Bishop's Palace 11910: 11844: 11783: 11692: 11678:Lords of Argyll 11668:Earls of Orkney 11651: 11646: 11616: 11611: 11604: 11590:Magnús Óláfsson 11526: 11470: 11461:Magnús berfœttr 11415:Ímar mac Arailt 11407:Haakon Ericsson 11364: 11344:Ketill Flatnose 11321: 11290: 11281: 11237: 11231: 11212: 11202:The Argyll Book 11193: 11152: 11024: 11003: 10984: 10965: 10943: 10935: 10933: 10906: 10864: 10837: 10772: 10771: 10764: 10762: 10745: 10726: 10682: 10634: 10548: 10516: 10494: 10472: 10470: 10469:on 18 June 2019 10463: 10434: 10412: 10404: 10402: 10375: 10264: 10242: 10234: 10232: 10230: 10169: 10161: 10159: 10086: 10051: 10020: 9993: 9983:Medieval Dublin 9974: 9951: 9928: 9909: 9874: 9837: 9810: 9746: 9689: 9687: 9653: 9639: 9620: 9597: 9578: 9551: 9540: 9496: 9477: 9462: 9449: 9370: 9359: 9290: 9282: 9280: 9253: 9143: 9124: 9114:Birlinn Limited 9101: 9064: 8993: 8959: 8908: 8906: 8902: 8875: 8853: 8826: 8803: 8777: 8775: 8774:. pp. 1–10 8715: 8713: 8712:on 4 March 2016 8709: 8703: 8688: 8674: 8662:. 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(1874). 8298:Háskóli Íslands 8272:Highland Papers 8261:The Clan Donald 8195:Fornmanna Sögur 8159: 8158: 8151: 8149: 8125: 8124: 8117: 8115: 8091: 8090: 8083: 8081: 8057: 8056: 8049: 8047: 8023: 8022: 8015: 8013: 7953: 7952: 7945: 7943: 7942:on 20 July 2021 7935:British Library 7880: 7879: 7872: 7870: 7863:Skaldic Project 7853: 7851:Primary sources 7848: 7843: 7842: 7834: 7830: 7822: 7818: 7810: 7806: 7794: 7790: 7780:Williams (1997) 7766: 7762: 7750: 7746: 7742:p. 101 ch. 138. 7717:Anderson (1922) 7709:McDonald (2019) 7707: 7703: 7691: 7687: 7677:Anderson (1922) 7667: 7663: 7653:Anderson (1922) 7647: 7643: 7633:Williams (1997) 7621:McDonald (2019) 7619: 7615: 7607: 7603: 7599:p. 103 ch. 138. 7570:Anderson (1922) 7566:McDonald (1997) 7556: 7552: 7546:McDonald (2012) 7544: 7540: 7536:p. 103 ch. 138. 7503:Anderson (1922) 7483:Williams (1997) 7463:McDonald (2019) 7461: 7454: 7446: 7442: 7434: 7430: 7418: 7414: 7404:Williams (1997) 7392:McDonald (2019) 7390: 7386: 7374: 7370: 7360:McDonald (1997) 7354: 7350: 7342: 7338: 7301:Anderson (1922) 7273:McDonald (2019) 7271: 7267: 7263:p. 102 ch. 138. 7234:Anderson (1922) 7224: 7220: 7196: 7192: 7188:p. 102 ch. 138. 7159:Anderson (1922) 7133: 7129: 7121: 7117: 7105: 7101: 7085: 7078: 7072:McDonald (1997) 7054: 7050: 7044:McDonald (1997) 7030: 7026: 7022:p. 102 ch. 138. 6993:Anderson (1922) 6989:McDonald (1997) 6975: 6971: 6967:p. 102 ch. 138. 6938:Anderson (1922) 6924: 6920: 6912: 6908: 6904:p. 102 ch. 138. 6875:Anderson (1922) 6857: 6853: 6849:p. 102 ch. 138. 6824:Anderson (1922) 6818: 6814: 6810:p. 102 ch. 138. 6785:Anderson (1922) 6775: 6771: 6753:McDonald (1997) 6741:Brown, M (2004) 6737:Tabraham (2005) 6729:Boardman (2007) 6719: 6715: 6687:Brown, M (2004) 6673: 6669: 6657: 6653: 6649:p. 102 ch. 138. 6620:Anderson (1922) 6610: 6606: 6602:p. 102 ch. 138. 6573:Anderson (1922) 6561:McDonald (1997) 6555: 6551: 6518:Anderson (1922) 6512: 6508: 6500: 6496: 6484: 6480: 6476:p. 101 ch. 138. 6447:Anderson (1922) 6445: 6441: 6437:p. 101 ch. 138. 6408:Anderson (1922) 6406: 6402: 6398:p. 101 ch. 138. 6369:Anderson (1922) 6361:Williams (1997) 6347: 6343: 6339:p. 101 ch. 137. 6310:Anderson (1922) 6302:McDonald (1997) 6296: 6292: 6284: 6280: 6266:McDonald (2019) 6264: 6260: 6256:p. 148 ch. 167. 6246:Anderson (1922) 6230:McDonald (2019) 6228: 6221: 6203:McDonald (2016) 6201: 6197: 6179:McDonald (2016) 6173: 6169: 6159:Anderson (1922) 6139:McDonald (2016) 6135:McDonald (2019) 6133: 6129: 6121: 6117: 6105: 6101: 6089: 6085: 6069: 6065: 6020:Anderson (1922) 6008:McDonald (1997) 6000:McDonald (2019) 5998: 5994: 5979: 5972: 5962:McDonald (1997) 5940: 5936: 5932:p. 100 ch. 136. 5903:Anderson (1922) 5887:McDonald (1997) 5883:Brown, M (2004) 5873: 5869: 5865:p. 100 ch. 136. 5836:Anderson (1922) 5810: 5806: 5802:p. 100 ch. 135. 5773:Anderson (1922) 5761:McDonald (1997) 5745:McDonald (2019) 5743: 5739: 5717:McDonald (1997) 5711: 5707: 5701:Anderson (1922) 5673:McDonald (2016) 5667: 5660: 5645: 5638: 5632:Williams (1997) 5630: 5626: 5616:Anderson (1922) 5604:McDonald (2019) 5602: 5598: 5581:Anderson (1922) 5571: 5567: 5557:Anderson (1922) 5549:Williams (1997) 5541:Brown, M (2004) 5525:McDonald (2019) 5523: 5516: 5506:Anderson (1922) 5494:Harrison (2002) 5470:McDonald (2019) 5468: 5464: 5454:Anderson (1922) 5444: 5440: 5432:Document 1/16/1 5405: 5401: 5391:Anderson (1922) 5363:Brown, M (2004) 5345: 5341: 5327:McDonald (2019) 5325: 5321: 5311:Anderson (1922) 5301: 5297: 5289: 5285: 5279:Crawford (2014) 5277: 5273: 5261: 5257: 5249: 5242: 5234: 5230: 5222: 5218: 5210: 5206: 5200:McDonald (1997) 5188:Brown, M (2004) 5174: 5170: 5160:Anderson (1922) 5144:Brown, M (2004) 5126:p. 192 n. 190; 5124:Brown, D (2016) 5120:McDonald (2019) 5118: 5114: 5104:McDonald (2012) 5100:McDonald (2016) 5098: 5094: 5076:McDonald (2012) 5074: 5070: 5062:p. 70 fig. 24; 5046: 5042: 5032:Anderson (1922) 5020:McDonald (1997) 5000:McDonald (2019) 4998: 4994: 4988:Sweetman (1875) 4962: 4958: 4950: 4946: 4936:Brown, M (2004) 4922: 4918: 4905:Williams (1997) 4903: 4899: 4882:Williams (1997) 4878:McDonald (1997) 4876: 4872: 4850:p. 87 ch. 101; 4838:p. 522 ch. 98; 4832:Anderson (1922) 4820:Williams (1997) 4816:McDonald (1997) 4812:McDonald (2004) 4796:Brown, D (2016) 4794: 4790: 4780:Anderson (1922) 4768:Brown, M (2004) 4744:McDonald (2019) 4742: 4738: 4730: 4726: 4720:McDonald (2012) 4716:McDonald (2019) 4714: 4710: 4702: 4687: 4679: 4675: 4665:McDonald (2019) 4663: 4659: 4651: 4647: 4639: 4635: 4614:McDonald (2019) 4612: 4608: 4594:McDonald (2019) 4592: 4588: 4582:Macphail (1914) 4572: 4565: 4548:Anderson (1922) 4528:McDonald (2019) 4526: 4522: 4512:Anderson (1922) 4504:Williams (1997) 4484:McDonald (2019) 4482: 4478: 4470: 4466: 4460:McDonald (1997) 4446: 4442: 4428:McDonald (2019) 4426: 4422: 4416:Williams (1997) 4396:McDonald (2019) 4394: 4390: 4378: 4374: 4362: 4358: 4352:Sinclair (1795) 4342: 4338: 4328:Anderson (1922) 4322: 4318: 4303: 4299: 4274:McDonald (2019) 4272: 4268: 4246:McDonald (2019) 4244: 4240: 4226:McDonald (2012) 4222:McDonald (2019) 4220: 4216: 4206:Anderson (1922) 4190:McDonald (2012) 4182:McDonald (2019) 4180: 4176: 4166:Anderson (1922) 4154:McDonald (2012) 4150:McDonald (2019) 4148: 4144: 4138:Williams (1997) 4136: 4132: 4120: 4113: 4103:Anderson (1922) 4099:Williams (1997) 4079:McDonald (2012) 4075:McDonald (2019) 4073: 4069: 4059:Anderson (1922) 4051:Williams (1997) 4047:McDonald (1997) 4011:McDonald (2012) 3991:McDonald (2019) 3989: 3982: 3974: 3970: 3954: 3950: 3940:Anderson (1922) 3932:Williams (1997) 3928:McDonald (1997) 3906:pp. 79–80, 93; 3900:McDonald (2012) 3888:McDonald (2019) 3886: 3879: 3871: 3867: 3850:Anderson (1922) 3844: 3840: 3834:McDonald (2019) 3832: 3828: 3822:McDonald (2019) 3820: 3816: 3800: 3796: 3778:McDonald (1997) 3766:Brown, M (2004) 3752: 3748: 3726:McDonald (1997) 3710:Ross, AD (2003) 3702:Brown, M (2004) 3670:MacInnes (2019) 3668: 3664: 3656: 3652: 3644:Document 3/32/2 3637:Document 3/32/1 3630:Document 3/30/1 3611: 3607: 3561:McDonald (2019) 3559: 3555: 3535: 3531: 3525:McDonald (2019) 3523: 3519: 3509:Anderson (1922) 3505:McDonald (1997) 3495:p. 162 n. 142; 3481:Brown, M (2004) 3453:McDonald (2016) 3449:McDonald (2019) 3447: 3443: 3431: 3427: 3417:Anderson (1922) 3413:McDonald (1997) 3393:Brown, M (2004) 3365:McDonald (2016) 3361:McDonald (2019) 3359: 3355: 3347: 3343: 3333:McDonald (2008) 3329:McDonald (2012) 3327: 3323: 3317:Williams (1997) 3315: 3311: 3299: 3295: 3287:Fornmanna Sögur 3282:Anderson (1922) 3278:Williams (1997) 3266:McDonald (2008) 3254:Crawford (2014) 3252: 3248: 3240: 3236: 3228: 3224: 3216: 3212: 3202:McDonald (2008) 3192: 3188: 3176: 3172: 3164: 3157: 3143:McDonald (2008) 3141:p. 180 n. 140; 3139:McDonald (2012) 3137: 3133: 3115:Brown, M (2004) 3107:McDonald (2008) 3095:McDonald (2012) 3091:Crawford (2013) 3087:Crawford (2014) 3085: 3081: 3066: 3062: 3054:Fornmanna Sögur 3049:Anderson (1922) 3041:Williams (1997) 3029:Brown, M (2004) 3021:McDonald (2008) 3005:McDonald (2012) 3001:Crawford (2014) 2999: 2995: 2987:Fornmanna Sögur 2984:p. 468 ch. 18; 2978:Anderson (1922) 2947:McDonald (2008) 2943:McDonald (2012) 2929: 2925: 2908:Anderson (1922) 2881:McDonald (2012) 2879: 2875: 2861:McDonald (2008) 2855: 2851: 2843: 2839: 2831: 2827: 2817:Anderson (1922) 2813:McDonald (1997) 2799: 2795: 2773:McDonald (2008) 2769:McDonald (2012) 2765:McDonald (2019) 2763: 2759: 2749:Anderson (1922) 2741:McDonald (1997) 2717:McDonald (2008) 2709:McDonald (2012) 2697:McDonald (2019) 2695: 2691: 2685:McDonald (1997) 2679: 2675: 2665:Anderson (1922) 2661:McDonald (1997) 2645:McDonald (2012) 2643: 2639: 2631: 2627: 2619: 2615: 2607: 2603: 2599:p. 156 fig. 1g. 2595: 2591: 2585:McDonald (2012) 2583: 2579: 2571: 2567: 2557:Anderson (1922) 2553:Williams (1997) 2549:McDonald (1997) 2535:p. 195 n. 123; 2533:Flanagan (2010) 2525:McDonald (2019) 2523: 2519: 2503: 2499: 2489:Anderson (1922) 2471:p. 195 n. 123; 2469:Flanagan (2010) 2457:McDonald (2019) 2455: 2451: 2441:McDonald (2019) 2439: 2435: 2427: 2423: 2411:p. 195 n. 123; 2409:Flanagan (2010) 2405:McDonald (2019) 2403: 2399: 2384: 2380: 2374:Anderson (1922) 2368: 2364: 2358:Anderson (1922) 2350:McDonald (1997) 2348:p. 192 tab. i; 2338:Brown, M (2004) 2328:p. xvi tab. 5; 2322:McDonald (2019) 2320: 2316: 2310:Anderson (1922) 2304: 2300: 2294:Anderson (1922) 2292:p. 192 tab. i; 2278:McDonald (2019) 2276: 2272: 2250:McDonald (2019) 2248: 2244: 2230:McDonald (2019) 2228: 2224: 2214:Anderson (1922) 2210:McDonald (1997) 2174:McDonald (2019) 2172: 2168: 2154:McDonald (2019) 2152: 2148: 2138:Anderson (1922) 2132: 2128: 2116: 2112: 2104: 2097: 2091:Anderson (1922) 2085:p. 192 tab. i; 2067:McDonald (2019) 2065: 2061: 2049: 2045: 2033: 2029: 2021: 2017: 2007:McDonald (2019) 2005: 2001: 1993: 1989: 1981: 1977: 1971:McDonald (2016) 1969: 1965: 1955:McDonald (2012) 1953: 1949: 1941: 1937: 1917: 1913: 1905: 1901: 1871:McDonald (2019) 1869: 1865: 1857: 1853: 1829: 1825: 1795:McDonald (2012) 1787:McDonald (2016) 1785: 1781: 1769: 1765: 1759:Williams (1997) 1757: 1748: 1740: 1733: 1687:Crawford (2013) 1679:Crawford (2014) 1667:McDonald (2019) 1665: 1661: 1655:McDonald (1997) 1631:McDonald (2008) 1629: 1625: 1617: 1610: 1595: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1577: 1541: 1537: 1521: 1517: 1456: 1452: 1447: 1443: 1427: 1423: 1412: 1408: 1397: 1393: 1371: 1367: 1341: 1337: 1321: 1317: 1303:Lord of Kintyre 1296: 1292: 1263: 1259: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1201: 1197: 1088: 1084: 1079: 945:Chronica majora 897:Rothesay Castle 885:Mull of Kintyre 872:Rothesay Castle 754: 658: 640:Pol filius Boke 584: 574: 464: 447:kings of Norway 336: 308:Outer Hebridean 211: 154:Clann Somhairle 137:, and a son of 79: 70: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12411: 12401: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12385: 12383:Crovan dynasty 12380: 12375: 12370: 12365: 12360: 12355: 12338: 12337: 12335: 12334: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12309: 12304: 12299: 12294: 12288: 12286: 12280: 12279: 12277: 12276: 12271: 12269:Treaty of 1098 12266: 12261: 12256: 12251: 12246: 12241: 12236: 12231: 12226: 12221: 12216: 12211: 12205: 12203: 12199: 12198: 12196: 12195: 12190: 12188:Northern Isles 12185: 12179: 12177: 12173: 12172: 12170: 12169: 12164: 12159: 12154: 12149: 12143: 12141: 12135: 12134: 12132: 12131: 12126: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12090: 12088: 12082: 12081: 12079: 12078: 12073: 12068: 12061: 12056: 12049: 12044: 12042:Lewis chessmen 12039: 12034: 12032:Galloway Hoard 12029: 12022: 12015: 12009: 12007: 12003: 12002: 12000: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11924: 11918: 11916: 11912: 11911: 11909: 11908: 11903: 11898: 11893: 11888: 11883: 11881:Outer Hebrides 11878: 11873: 11868: 11866:Gall-Ghàidheil 11863: 11858: 11852: 11850: 11846: 11845: 11843: 11842: 11837: 11832: 11827: 11822: 11817: 11812: 11810:Olaf the White 11807: 11802: 11797: 11791: 11789: 11785: 11784: 11782: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11726: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11700: 11698: 11694: 11693: 11691: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11675: 11673:Crovan dynasty 11670: 11665: 11659: 11657: 11653: 11652: 11645: 11644: 11637: 11630: 11622: 11613: 11612: 11609: 11606: 11605: 11603: 11602: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11561: 11560: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11540: 11534: 11532: 11528: 11527: 11525: 11524: 11519: 11514: 11509: 11504: 11499: 11494: 11489: 11484: 11478: 11476: 11472: 11471: 11469: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11448: 11446:Gofraid Crobán 11443: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11418: 11411: 11410: 11404: 11398: 11393: 11388: 11383: 11378: 11372: 11370: 11366: 11365: 11363: 11362: 11357: 11352: 11347: 11341: 11336: 11329: 11327: 11323: 11322: 11320: 11319: 11314: 11304: 11298: 11296: 11292: 11291: 11280: 11279: 11272: 11265: 11257: 11251: 11250: 11236: 11235: 11229: 11216: 11210: 11197: 11191: 11175: 11156: 11150: 11133: 11099:(1): 171–172. 11086: 11069: 11017: 11007: 11001: 10988: 10982: 10969: 10963: 10950: 10910: 10904: 10891: 10868: 10862: 10849: 10835: 10822: 10796:(1): 109–112. 10785: 10749: 10743: 10730: 10724: 10711: 10695: 10686: 10680: 10660: 10647: 10638: 10632: 10619: 10608: 10582:(1): 149–169. 10569: 10541: 10520: 10514: 10498: 10492: 10479: 10461: 10446: 10432: 10419: 10379: 10373: 10360: 10344:(PhD thesis). 10337: 10326: 10276: 10262: 10249: 10228: 10199: 10176: 10136: 10113: 10098: 10084: 10063: 10049: 10024: 10018: 9997: 9991: 9978: 9972: 9955: 9949: 9932: 9926: 9913: 9907: 9894: 9878: 9872: 9857: 9835: 9821: 9808: 9791: 9736: 9696: 9668: 9643: 9637: 9624: 9618: 9601: 9595: 9582: 9576: 9560: 9544: 9538: 9526:Viking Empires 9517: 9508: 9494: 9481: 9475: 9453: 9447: 9417: 9363: 9357: 9340: 9297: 9257: 9251: 9234: 9218:(PhD thesis). 9211: 9188: 9177: 9155: 9141: 9128: 9122: 9105: 9099: 9079: 9068: 9062: 9042: 9008:(1): 155–203. 8997: 8991: 8971: 8957: 8940: 8915: 8905:on 7 June 2011 8865: 8851: 8838: 8824: 8807: 8801: 8784: 8761: 8722: 8701: 8678: 8672: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8645: 8634: 8622:, ed. (1878). 8616: 8590:, ed. (1871). 8584: 8570: 8552:, ed. (1978). 8546: 8520: 8509: 8503: 8477: 8457:, ed. (1839). 8451: 8443:, ed. (1795). 8437: 8408: 8390: 8356: 8340:, ed. (1882). 8334: 8312: 8289: 8266: 8255: 8247:, ed. (1866). 8241: 8222: 8206:, ed. (1916). 8200: 8190: 8172: 8138: 8104: 8070: 8036: 8002: 7990:, ed. (1868). 7984: 7972:, ed. (1894). 7966: 7926: 7907: 7899:, ed. (1922). 7893: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7841: 7840: 7838:pp. 86, 89–90. 7828: 7816: 7804: 7800:McNamee (2005) 7788: 7784:Johnsen (1969) 7776:McNamee (2005) 7760: 7744: 7721:Jónsson (1916) 7701: 7685: 7661: 7641: 7629:McNamee (2005) 7613: 7601: 7574:Jónsson (1916) 7550: 7538: 7507:Jónsson (1916) 7505:pp. 472, 478; 7452: 7440: 7428: 7412: 7384: 7368: 7348: 7336: 7305:Jónsson (1916) 7265: 7238:Jónsson (1916) 7218: 7190: 7163:Jónsson (1916) 7127: 7115: 7099: 7076: 7048: 7024: 6997:Jónsson (1916) 6969: 6942:Jónsson (1916) 6918: 6906: 6879:Jónsson (1916) 6871:McGrail (1995) 6867:Pringle (1998) 6851: 6812: 6781:Pringle (1998) 6779:p. 252 n. 34; 6769: 6757:McGrail (1995) 6749:Pringle (1998) 6713: 6667: 6663:McGrail (1995) 6651: 6624:Jónsson (1916) 6616:Pringle (1998) 6604: 6577:Jónsson (1916) 6549: 6522:Jónsson (1916) 6506: 6494: 6478: 6451:Jónsson (1916) 6439: 6412:Jónsson (1916) 6400: 6373:Jónsson (1916) 6341: 6314:Jónsson (1916) 6290: 6278: 6258: 6219: 6209:p. 191 n. 18; 6195: 6167: 6149:p. 191 n. 18; 6127: 6115: 6107:Downham (2008) 6099: 6095:McNamee (2005) 6083: 6077:p. 107 n. 25; 6063: 6024:Jónsson (1916) 5992: 5981:Jónsson (1916) 5970: 5950:McNamee (2005) 5934: 5907:Jónsson (1916) 5895:Johnsen (1969) 5867: 5840:Jónsson (1916) 5804: 5777:Jónsson (1916) 5737: 5705: 5658: 5636: 5624: 5596: 5565: 5514: 5462: 5438: 5399: 5339: 5319: 5307:O'Grady (2008) 5295: 5283: 5271: 5255: 5240: 5228: 5216: 5204: 5184:McNamee (2005) 5168: 5112: 5092: 5068: 5040: 4992: 4968:McNamee (2005) 4956: 4944: 4932:McNamee (2005) 4916: 4897: 4870: 4861:p. 61 ch. 84; 4836:Jónsson (1916) 4788: 4736: 4724: 4708: 4685: 4673: 4657: 4645: 4633: 4606: 4586: 4563: 4542:pp. 199, 201; 4520: 4476: 4464: 4440: 4420: 4388: 4372: 4356: 4336: 4316: 4297: 4280:p. 145 n. 24; 4266: 4262:MacLeod (2002) 4238: 4214: 4174: 4142: 4130: 4111: 4067: 3980: 3968: 3948: 3877: 3865: 3838: 3836:pp. 76–77, 93. 3826: 3814: 3794: 3746: 3690:Ross, A (2007) 3674:Neville (2016) 3662: 3650: 3605: 3585:Pollock (2005) 3553: 3547:pp. 117, 152; 3529: 3517: 3479:p. 290 n. 23; 3441: 3425: 3389:Pollock (2005) 3387:p. 290 n. 23; 3367:pp. 339, 342; 3353: 3341: 3321: 3309: 3293: 3246: 3234: 3222: 3210: 3186: 3178:Valante (2010) 3170: 3155: 3149:p. 134 n. 61; 3145:p. 143 n. 63; 3131: 3127:Johnsen (1969) 3079: 3070:p. 472 ch. 2; 3068:Jónsson (1916) 3060: 3045:Johnsen (1969) 2993: 2982:Jónsson (1916) 2933:p. 30 ch. 17; 2923: 2873: 2869:Johnsen (1969) 2849: 2837: 2825: 2793: 2771:p. 176 n. 73; 2757: 2733:Pollock (2005) 2689: 2673: 2647:pp. 154, 167; 2637: 2625: 2613: 2601: 2589: 2577: 2565: 2547:pp. 105, 124; 2531:pp. 156, 169; 2517: 2497: 2467:pp. 156, 169; 2449: 2447:pp. 27 tab. 1. 2443:p. ix tab. 1; 2433: 2421: 2417:McNamee (2005) 2407:p. ix tab. 1; 2397: 2378: 2362: 2342:MacLeod (2002) 2332:p. 27 tab. 1; 2324:p. ix tab. 1; 2314: 2308:p. 27 tab. 1; 2298: 2284:p. 27 tab. 1; 2280:p. ix tab. 1; 2270: 2268:p. 192 tab. i. 2258:McNamee (2005) 2256:p. 27 tab. 1; 2252:p. ix tab. 1; 2242: 2222: 2200:p. 27 n. 138; 2198:Pollock (2005) 2166: 2146: 2126: 2110: 2095: 2079:MacLeod (2002) 2073:p. 27 tab. 1; 2069:p. ix tab. 1; 2059: 2043: 2027: 2015: 1999: 1987: 1975: 1963: 1947: 1935: 1911: 1899: 1879:McNamee (2005) 1863: 1851: 1835:MacLeod (2002) 1823: 1807:Downham (2008) 1779: 1763: 1746: 1731: 1695:McNamee (2005) 1659: 1639:MacLeod (2002) 1623: 1608: 1585: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1535: 1515: 1450: 1441: 1421: 1406: 1391: 1365: 1335: 1315: 1290: 1282:Jón Haraldsson 1276:, and the two 1257: 1217: 1208: 1195: 1081: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1035:Gudʀeði Svarta 971:Inner Hebrides 889:Firth of Clyde 887:, entered the 814:Uspakr konungr 753: 750: 690:Manx runestone 657: 654: 463: 460: 429:Ingi Bárðarson 400:Konge paa Manö 361:Bǫglunga sǫgur 335: 332: 288:Lewis chessmen 227:Crovan dynasty 210: 207: 135:Crovan dynasty 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 105:Crovan dynasty 102: 96: 95: 90: 84: 83: 76: 72: 71: 54: 46: 45: 37: 36: 28: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12410: 12399: 12396: 12394: 12391: 12389: 12386: 12384: 12381: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12369: 12366: 12364: 12361: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12350: 12348: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12290: 12289: 12287: 12285: 12281: 12275: 12272: 12270: 12267: 12265: 12262: 12260: 12257: 12255: 12252: 12250: 12247: 12245: 12242: 12240: 12237: 12235: 12232: 12230: 12227: 12225: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12215: 12212: 12210: 12207: 12206: 12204: 12200: 12194: 12191: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12181: 12180: 12178: 12174: 12168: 12167:Old Norwegian 12165: 12163: 12160: 12158: 12155: 12153: 12150: 12148: 12145: 12144: 12142: 12140: 12136: 12130: 12127: 12125: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12104:Law Ting Holm 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12091: 12089: 12087: 12083: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12066: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12054: 12050: 12048: 12045: 12043: 12040: 12038: 12035: 12033: 12030: 12028: 12027: 12023: 12021: 12020: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12010: 12008: 12004: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11967:Linton Chapel 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11919: 11917: 11913: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11884: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11872: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11862: 11859: 11857: 11854: 11853: 11851: 11847: 11841: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11823: 11821: 11820:Páll Bálkason 11818: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11792: 11790: 11786: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11701: 11699: 11697:Notable women 11695: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11663:List of kings 11661: 11660: 11658: 11654: 11650: 11643: 11638: 11636: 11631: 11629: 11624: 11623: 11620: 11610:^ Speculative 11607: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11562: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11535: 11533: 11529: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11513: 11510: 11508: 11505: 11503: 11500: 11498: 11495: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11479: 11477: 11473: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11452: 11449: 11447: 11444: 11442: 11439: 11437: 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11416: 11413: 11412: 11408: 11405: 11402: 11399: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11387: 11384: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11373: 11371: 11367: 11361: 11358: 11356: 11353: 11351: 11350:Amlaíb Cuarán 11348: 11345: 11342: 11340: 11337: 11334: 11331: 11330: 11328: 11324: 11318: 11317:Amlaíb Conung 11315: 11312: 11308: 11305: 11303: 11300: 11299: 11297: 11293: 11289: 11285: 11278: 11273: 11271: 11266: 11264: 11259: 11258: 11255: 11248: 11243: 11239: 11238: 11232: 11226: 11222: 11217: 11213: 11211:1-84158-253-0 11207: 11203: 11198: 11194: 11188: 11184: 11180: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11162: 11157: 11153: 11147: 11143: 11139: 11134: 11130: 11126: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11110: 11106: 11102: 11098: 11094: 11093: 11087: 11083: 11079: 11075: 11070: 11066: 11062: 11058: 11054: 11050: 11046: 11042: 11038: 11034: 11030: 11023: 11018: 11014: 11013: 11008: 11004: 11002:0-7134-8943-X 10998: 10994: 10989: 10985: 10983:1-86232-151-5 10979: 10975: 10970: 10966: 10964:0-7486-1110-X 10960: 10956: 10951: 10947: 10932: 10928: 10924: 10923: 10917: 10911: 10907: 10901: 10897: 10892: 10888: 10884: 10880: 10876: 10875: 10869: 10865: 10863:2-902685-09-2 10859: 10855: 10850: 10846: 10842: 10838: 10832: 10828: 10823: 10819: 10815: 10811: 10807: 10803: 10799: 10795: 10791: 10786: 10782: 10776: 10760: 10759: 10754: 10750: 10746: 10744:1-86232-151-5 10740: 10736: 10731: 10727: 10725:1-899272-02-X 10721: 10717: 10712: 10708: 10704: 10700: 10696: 10692: 10687: 10683: 10681:0-416-74180-0 10677: 10673: 10669: 10665: 10661: 10657: 10653: 10648: 10644: 10639: 10635: 10633:1-874744-86-6 10629: 10625: 10620: 10616: 10615: 10609: 10605: 10601: 10597: 10593: 10589: 10585: 10581: 10577: 10576: 10570: 10566: 10562: 10558: 10554: 10547: 10542: 10538: 10534: 10530: 10526: 10521: 10517: 10511: 10507: 10503: 10499: 10495: 10489: 10485: 10480: 10468: 10464: 10458: 10454: 10453: 10447: 10443: 10439: 10435: 10433:90-04-14206-1 10429: 10425: 10420: 10416: 10401: 10397: 10393: 10392: 10386: 10380: 10376: 10374:0-85976-541-5 10370: 10366: 10361: 10356: 10351: 10347: 10343: 10338: 10334: 10333: 10327: 10323: 10319: 10315: 10311: 10307: 10303: 10299: 10295: 10291: 10287: 10286: 10281: 10277: 10273: 10269: 10265: 10263:90-04-14206-1 10259: 10255: 10250: 10246: 10231: 10225: 10221: 10217: 10213: 10212: 10206: 10200: 10196: 10192: 10188: 10184: 10183: 10177: 10173: 10158: 10154: 10150: 10149: 10143: 10137: 10133: 10129: 10125: 10121: 10120: 10114: 10110: 10107:(MA thesis). 10106: 10105: 10099: 10095: 10091: 10087: 10081: 10077: 10073: 10069: 10064: 10060: 10056: 10052: 10046: 10042: 10038: 10034: 10030: 10025: 10021: 10015: 10011: 10007: 10003: 9998: 9994: 9988: 9984: 9979: 9975: 9969: 9965: 9961: 9956: 9952: 9946: 9942: 9938: 9933: 9929: 9927:0-511-03855-0 9923: 9919: 9914: 9910: 9904: 9900: 9895: 9891: 9887: 9883: 9879: 9875: 9873:1-84158-235-2 9869: 9865: 9864: 9858: 9854: 9850: 9846: 9842: 9838: 9832: 9828: 9822: 9819: 9815: 9811: 9809:0-520-04981-0 9805: 9801: 9797: 9792: 9788: 9784: 9780: 9776: 9772: 9768: 9764: 9760: 9756: 9752: 9745: 9742:(1915–1916). 9741: 9737: 9733: 9729: 9725: 9721: 9717: 9713: 9709: 9705: 9701: 9697: 9686: 9682: 9681: 9675: 9669: 9665: 9661: 9660: 9652: 9648: 9644: 9640: 9634: 9630: 9625: 9621: 9619:0-85323-336-5 9615: 9611: 9607: 9602: 9598: 9596:1-86232-151-5 9592: 9588: 9583: 9579: 9577:0-511-03855-0 9573: 9569: 9565: 9564:Gillingham, J 9561: 9557: 9550: 9545: 9541: 9535: 9531: 9528:. Cambridge: 9527: 9523: 9518: 9514: 9509: 9505: 9501: 9497: 9491: 9487: 9482: 9478: 9472: 9468: 9461: 9460: 9454: 9450: 9444: 9440: 9436: 9432: 9428: 9424: 9418: 9414: 9410: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9394: 9390: 9386: 9382: 9378: 9377: 9369: 9364: 9360: 9358:0-901824-83-6 9354: 9350: 9346: 9341: 9337: 9333: 9329: 9325: 9321: 9317: 9313: 9309: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9294: 9279: 9275: 9271: 9270: 9264: 9258: 9254: 9252:0-7524-1974-9 9248: 9244: 9240: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9221: 9217: 9212: 9208: 9204: 9200: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9185: 9184: 9178: 9174: 9170: 9166: 9165: 9160: 9156: 9152: 9148: 9144: 9138: 9134: 9129: 9125: 9119: 9115: 9112:. Edinburgh: 9111: 9106: 9102: 9100:0-85976-218-1 9096: 9092: 9089:. Edinburgh: 9088: 9084: 9080: 9076: 9075: 9069: 9065: 9059: 9055: 9051: 9047: 9043: 9039: 9035: 9031: 9027: 9023: 9019: 9015: 9011: 9007: 9003: 8998: 8994: 8992:0-7486-1238-6 8988: 8984: 8980: 8976: 8972: 8968: 8964: 8960: 8954: 8950: 8946: 8941: 8937: 8933: 8929: 8925: 8921: 8916: 8901: 8897: 8893: 8889: 8885: 8881: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8858: 8854: 8848: 8844: 8839: 8835: 8831: 8827: 8821: 8817: 8813: 8808: 8804: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8785: 8773: 8769: 8768: 8762: 8758: 8754: 8750: 8746: 8742: 8738: 8734: 8730: 8729: 8723: 8708: 8704: 8702:0-9535226-3-6 8698: 8694: 8687: 8683: 8679: 8675: 8673:0-11-491728-0 8669: 8665: 8661: 8660: 8655: 8654: 8642: 8641: 8635: 8631: 8627: 8626: 8621: 8617: 8613: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8595: 8594: 8589: 8585: 8581: 8577: 8573: 8571:9780140443394 8567: 8563: 8562:Penguin Books 8558: 8557: 8551: 8547: 8543: 8539: 8535: 8531: 8527: 8526: 8521: 8517: 8516: 8510: 8506: 8504:82-7061-192-1 8500: 8495: 8490: 8486: 8482: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8463:. Edinburgh: 8462: 8461: 8456: 8452: 8448: 8447: 8442: 8438: 8434: 8428: 8420: 8416: 8415: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8397: 8396: 8391: 8387: 8381: 8365: 8361: 8357: 8353: 8349: 8345: 8344: 8339: 8335: 8331: 8327: 8326: 8321: 8317: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8299: 8296:(MA thesis). 8295: 8290: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8273: 8267: 8263: 8262: 8256: 8252: 8251: 8246: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8230: 8229: 8223: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8210: 8205: 8201: 8197: 8196: 8191: 8187: 8183: 8179: 8178: 8173: 8169: 8163: 8147: 8143: 8139: 8135: 8129: 8113: 8109: 8105: 8101: 8095: 8079: 8075: 8071: 8067: 8061: 8045: 8041: 8037: 8033: 8027: 8011: 8007: 8003: 7999: 7995: 7994: 7989: 7985: 7981: 7977: 7976: 7971: 7967: 7963: 7957: 7941: 7937: 7936: 7931: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7913: 7908: 7904: 7903: 7898: 7894: 7890: 7884: 7868: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7855: 7837: 7832: 7825: 7820: 7813: 7808: 7801: 7797: 7792: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7764: 7757: 7756:Barrow (2006) 7753: 7748: 7741: 7739: 7734: 7730: 7729:Dasent (1894) 7726: 7722: 7718: 7714: 7710: 7705: 7698: 7694: 7689: 7682: 7678: 7674: 7670: 7665: 7658: 7655:pp. 471–472; 7654: 7650: 7645: 7638: 7635:pp. 117–118; 7634: 7630: 7627:pp. 87, 159; 7626: 7622: 7617: 7610: 7605: 7598: 7596: 7591: 7587: 7583: 7582:Dasent (1894) 7579: 7575: 7571: 7567: 7564:ch. 10 ¶ 64; 7563: 7559: 7554: 7547: 7542: 7535: 7533: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7515:Dasent (1894) 7512: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7459: 7457: 7449: 7444: 7438:p. 107 n. 25. 7437: 7432: 7425: 7421: 7416: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7393: 7388: 7381: 7377: 7376:Duncan (1996) 7372: 7365: 7361: 7357: 7356:Murray (2005) 7352: 7345: 7340: 7333: 7329: 7327: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7313:Dasent (1894) 7310: 7306: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7269: 7262: 7260: 7255: 7251: 7247: 7246:Dasent (1894) 7243: 7239: 7235: 7231: 7227: 7222: 7215: 7211: 7207: 7203: 7199: 7194: 7187: 7185: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7171:Dasent (1894) 7168: 7164: 7161:pp. 476–477; 7160: 7156: 7152: 7148: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7131: 7124: 7119: 7112: 7108: 7103: 7096: 7092: 7088: 7083: 7081: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7052: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7028: 7021: 7019: 7014: 7010: 7006: 7005:Dasent (1894) 7002: 6998: 6994: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6973: 6966: 6964: 6959: 6955: 6951: 6950:Dasent (1894) 6947: 6943: 6939: 6935: 6931: 6927: 6922: 6915: 6910: 6903: 6901: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6887:Dasent (1894) 6884: 6880: 6876: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6860: 6855: 6848: 6846: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6832:Dasent (1894) 6829: 6826:p. 476 n. 9; 6825: 6821: 6816: 6809: 6807: 6802: 6798: 6794: 6793:Dasent (1894) 6790: 6787:p. 476 n. 8; 6786: 6782: 6778: 6773: 6766: 6762: 6758: 6755:pp. 90, 243; 6754: 6750: 6746: 6742: 6738: 6735:pp. 251–252; 6734: 6730: 6726: 6722: 6717: 6710: 6708: 6703: 6701: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6676: 6671: 6664: 6660: 6655: 6648: 6646: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6632:Dasent (1894) 6629: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6613: 6608: 6601: 6599: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6585:Dasent (1894) 6582: 6578: 6574: 6570: 6567:pp. 114–115; 6566: 6562: 6558: 6557:Murray (2005) 6553: 6546: 6544: 6539: 6535: 6531: 6530:Dasent (1894) 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6510: 6503: 6498: 6491: 6487: 6486:Schach (2016) 6482: 6475: 6473: 6468: 6464: 6460: 6459:Dasent (1894) 6456: 6452: 6448: 6443: 6436: 6434: 6429: 6425: 6421: 6420:Dasent (1894) 6417: 6413: 6409: 6404: 6397: 6395: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6381:Dasent (1894) 6378: 6374: 6370: 6366: 6362: 6358: 6354: 6350: 6349:Murray (2005) 6345: 6338: 6336: 6331: 6327: 6323: 6322:Dasent (1894) 6319: 6315: 6312:pp. 473–474; 6311: 6308:pp. 200–201; 6307: 6303: 6299: 6294: 6287: 6282: 6275: 6272:p. 86 n. 93; 6271: 6268:p. 82 n. 50; 6267: 6262: 6255: 6251: 6250:Dasent (1894) 6247: 6243: 6239: 6236:p. 86 n. 93; 6235: 6232:p. 82 n. 50; 6231: 6226: 6224: 6216: 6215:Sawyer (1982) 6212: 6208: 6204: 6199: 6192: 6188: 6187:Sawyer (1982) 6184: 6180: 6176: 6171: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6131: 6124: 6119: 6112: 6108: 6103: 6096: 6092: 6087: 6080: 6076: 6072: 6067: 6060: 6056: 6054: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6032:Dasent (1894) 6029: 6025: 6022:pp. 471–473; 6021: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5996: 5989: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5975: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5938: 5931: 5929: 5924: 5920: 5916: 5915:Dasent (1894) 5912: 5908: 5905:pp. 464–465; 5904: 5901:pp. 200–202; 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5871: 5864: 5862: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5848:Dasent (1894) 5845: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5822:ch. 10 ¶ 63; 5821: 5817: 5813: 5808: 5801: 5799: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5785:Dasent (1894) 5782: 5778: 5774: 5770: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5750: 5746: 5741: 5734: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5709: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5693:Sawyer (1982) 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5665: 5663: 5655: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5641: 5633: 5628: 5621: 5617: 5614:p. 28 n. 12; 5613: 5612:McLeod (2002) 5609: 5605: 5600: 5593: 5591: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5569: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5547:pp. 127–128; 5546: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5521: 5519: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5500:pp. 127–128; 5499: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5466: 5459: 5456:pp. 465–466; 5455: 5452:pp. 81, 156; 5451: 5447: 5442: 5435: 5433: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5403: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5343: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5323: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5304: 5299: 5292: 5287: 5280: 5275: 5268: 5264: 5259: 5252: 5247: 5245: 5237: 5232: 5225: 5220: 5213: 5208: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5177: 5172: 5165: 5162:pp. 459–460; 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5142:pp. 81, 155; 5141: 5137: 5134:pp. 189–190; 5133: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5109: 5105: 5101: 5096: 5089: 5088:Wilson (1973) 5085: 5081: 5077: 5072: 5066:p. 57 fig. 9. 5065: 5061: 5060:Cubbon (1952) 5057: 5056:Rixson (1982) 5053: 5049: 5044: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5014:pp. 81, 155; 5013: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4996: 4989: 4985: 4982:pp. 136–137; 4981: 4977: 4974:pp. 125–126; 4973: 4969: 4965: 4960: 4953: 4948: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4926:pp. 189–190; 4925: 4920: 4913: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4894: 4892: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4874: 4867: 4865: 4860: 4858: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4844:Dasent (1894) 4841: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4826:pp. 202–203; 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4792: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4740: 4733: 4728: 4721: 4717: 4712: 4705: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4682: 4677: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4654: 4649: 4642: 4637: 4630: 4629:Dimock (1868) 4626: 4624: 4619: 4618:Thorpe (1978) 4615: 4610: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4590: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4570: 4568: 4560: 4558: 4553: 4550:pp. 454–455; 4549: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4524: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4480: 4473: 4468: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4444: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4424: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4392: 4385: 4384:Forbes (1923) 4382:pp. 171–172; 4381: 4376: 4369: 4365: 4360: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4340: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4324:Thomas (2014) 4320: 4313: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4294: 4292: 4287: 4286:Forbes (1923) 4283: 4279: 4278:Barrow (2006) 4275: 4270: 4263: 4259: 4255: 4254:Barrow (2006) 4251: 4250:Thomas (2014) 4247: 4242: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4218: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4198:Barrow (2006) 4195: 4191: 4187: 4186:Thomas (2014) 4183: 4178: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4146: 4139: 4134: 4127: 4123: 4122:Barrow (2006) 4118: 4116: 4108: 4105:pp. 458–459; 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4087:Barrow (2006) 4084: 4080: 4076: 4071: 4064: 4061:pp. 458–459; 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4023:Barrow (2006) 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3999:Thomas (2014) 3996: 3992: 3987: 3985: 3977: 3972: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3952: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3912:Barrow (2006) 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3884: 3882: 3874: 3869: 3862: 3860: 3855: 3851: 3848:pp. 79, 163; 3847: 3842: 3835: 3830: 3823: 3818: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3798: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3774:Sellar (2000) 3771: 3767: 3764:pp. 290–291; 3763: 3762:Murray (2005) 3759: 3755: 3750: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3730:Duncan (1996) 3727: 3723: 3719: 3718:Sellar (2000) 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3696:pp. 290–292; 3695: 3694:Murray (2005) 3691: 3688:pp. 185–186; 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3672:pp. 134–135; 3671: 3666: 3659: 3654: 3647: 3645: 3640: 3638: 3633: 3631: 3626: 3623:pp. 565–565; 3622: 3618: 3614: 3609: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3557: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3533: 3526: 3521: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3477:Murray (2005) 3474: 3473:Barrow (2006) 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3422: 3419:pp. 457–458; 3418: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3385:Murray (2005) 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3357: 3350: 3345: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3325: 3318: 3313: 3306: 3302: 3297: 3290: 3288: 3284:pp. 380–381; 3283: 3280:pp. 114–115; 3279: 3275: 3272:pp. 133–134; 3271: 3268:pp. 142–143; 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3250: 3243: 3238: 3231: 3226: 3219: 3214: 3207: 3204:pp. 142–144; 3203: 3199: 3195: 3190: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3167: 3162: 3160: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3083: 3076: 3074: 3069: 3064: 3057: 3055: 3050: 3046: 3043:pp. 114–115; 3042: 3038: 3035:p. 420 n. 6; 3034: 3030: 3026: 3023:pp. 142–143; 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2997: 2990: 2988: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2973: 2968: 2965:p. 420 n. 6; 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2949:pp. 142–143; 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2927: 2920: 2918: 2914:pp. 366–367; 2913: 2909: 2906:p. 123 § iv; 2905: 2901: 2899: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2870: 2867:pp. 133–137; 2866: 2863:pp. 142–144; 2862: 2858: 2853: 2846: 2841: 2834: 2829: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2803:pp. 78, 152; 2802: 2797: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2779:pp. 78, 152; 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2735:p. 18 n. 76; 2734: 2730: 2729:Barrow (2006) 2726: 2723:pp. 78, 152; 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2687:p. 151 n. 86. 2686: 2682: 2677: 2670: 2666: 2663:pp. 85, 151; 2662: 2658: 2654: 2653:Barrow (2006) 2650: 2646: 2641: 2634: 2629: 2622: 2617: 2610: 2605: 2598: 2593: 2586: 2581: 2574: 2569: 2562: 2559:pp. 313–314; 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2521: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2501: 2494: 2491:pp. 313–314; 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2453: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2430: 2425: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2394: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2375: 2371: 2366: 2359: 2355: 2352:p. 259 tab.; 2351: 2347: 2346:Sellar (2000) 2344:p. 275 tab.; 2343: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2318: 2311: 2307: 2302: 2295: 2291: 2290:Sellar (2000) 2287: 2283: 2279: 2274: 2267: 2266:Sellar (2000) 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2239: 2236:p. 73 n. 35; 2235: 2231: 2226: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2192:pp. 78, 116; 2191: 2188:p. 73 n. 35; 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2150: 2143: 2139: 2136:pp. 79, 163; 2135: 2130: 2123: 2119: 2114: 2108:p. 27 tab. 1. 2107: 2102: 2100: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2083:Sellar (2000) 2081:p. 275 tab.; 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2063: 2056: 2052: 2047: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2024: 2019: 2012: 2008: 2003: 1996: 1991: 1984: 1979: 1972: 1967: 1960: 1956: 1951: 1944: 1939: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1915: 1908: 1903: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1867: 1860: 1859:Barrow (2006) 1855: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1839:Sellar (2000) 1836: 1832: 1831:Barrow (2006) 1827: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1760: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1743: 1738: 1736: 1728: 1724: 1723:Sawyer (1982) 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1683:Thomas (2014) 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1663: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1643:Sellar (2000) 1640: 1636: 1635:Barrow (2006) 1632: 1627: 1620: 1615: 1613: 1605: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1586: 1572: 1568: 1567:Matthew Paris 1564: 1562: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1539: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1519: 1512: 1511:Sleat History 1508: 1506: 1500: 1498: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1474: 1468: 1466: 1460: 1454: 1445: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1425: 1418: 1417: 1410: 1403: 1402: 1401:Sleat History 1395: 1387: 1376: 1369: 1361: 1359: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1339: 1330: 1325: 1324:heir-apparent 1319: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1294: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1261: 1254: 1252: 1246: 1244: 1238: 1236: 1231: 1227: 1221: 1212: 1205: 1199: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1159:Guðrøðr 'Don' 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1086: 1082: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1055: 1048: 1044: 1043: 1038: 1036: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1013: 1010: 1005: 1003: 996: 987: 983: 978: 974: 972: 968: 962: 960: 956: 947: 946: 941: 937: 933: 929: 927: 923: 919: 915: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 873: 868: 864: 862: 857: 856: 851: 850: 845: 844: 839: 838: 833: 829: 825: 817: 815: 809: 804: 800: 798: 794: 793: 788: 783: 775: 771: 769: 768:Ghotdredo Don 763: 758: 749: 746: 742: 741: 736: 731: 721: 720:assembly site 717: 713: 709: 705: 703: 699: 691: 687: 682: 678: 676: 667: 662: 653: 651: 643: 641: 635: 634:Páll Bálkason 630: 626: 624: 620: 616: 612: 607: 606: 600: 596: 592: 587: 582: 577: 572: 564: 559: 555: 553: 551: 545: 544:Páll Bálkason 541: 536: 526: 524: 517: 513: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 490: 485: 483: 473: 468: 459: 452: 448: 444: 442: 436: 435: 430: 425: 421: 419: 415: 413: 407: 403: 401: 395: 393: 387: 385: 379: 377: 371: 367: 363: 362: 357: 353: 345: 340: 331: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 299: 289: 285: 280: 276: 269: 267: 261: 256: 252: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 233: 228: 224: 215: 206: 204: 199: 193: 191: 187: 183: 178: 176: 172: 168: 164: 163:Páll Bálkason 160: 155: 150: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 116: 113: 109: 106: 103: 101: 97: 94: 91: 89: 85: 82: 77: 73: 68: 66: 60: 59: 52: 47: 44: 43: 38: 33: 27: 19: 12147:Middle Irish 12063: 12051: 12026:Darraðarljóð 12024: 12017: 11977:Old Scatness 11795:Caittil Find 11749:Isabel Bruce 11569: 11565:Óspakr-Hákon 11531:13th century 11475:12th century 11369:11th century 11326:10th century 11220: 11201: 11182: 11160: 11137: 11096: 11090: 11077: 11032: 11028: 11011: 10992: 10973: 10954: 10934:. Retrieved 10920: 10895: 10873: 10853: 10826: 10793: 10789: 10763:. Retrieved 10756: 10734: 10715: 10706: 10702: 10690: 10667: 10651: 10642: 10623: 10613: 10579: 10573: 10556: 10552: 10528: 10524: 10505: 10502:Ó Cróinín, D 10483: 10471:. Retrieved 10467:the original 10451: 10423: 10403:. Retrieved 10389: 10364: 10341: 10331: 10289: 10283: 10253: 10233:. Retrieved 10209: 10186: 10180: 10160:. Retrieved 10146: 10123: 10117: 10103: 10067: 10028: 10001: 9982: 9959: 9936: 9917: 9898: 9889: 9885: 9862: 9826: 9795: 9754: 9750: 9740:Kermode, PMC 9710:(1): 18–64. 9707: 9703: 9688:. Retrieved 9678: 9663: 9657: 9628: 9605: 9586: 9567: 9555: 9525: 9512: 9485: 9458: 9426: 9380: 9374: 9349:Mercat Press 9344: 9311: 9305: 9300:Dunbar, JG; 9281:. Retrieved 9267: 9238: 9215: 9196: 9182: 9163: 9132: 9109: 9086: 9073: 9049: 9046:Carpenter, D 9005: 9001: 8978: 8944: 8936:the original 8923: 8907:. Retrieved 8900:the original 8883: 8842: 8811: 8792: 8776:. Retrieved 8766: 8732: 8726: 8716:30 September 8714:. Retrieved 8707:the original 8692: 8658: 8639: 8624: 8620:Vigfusson, G 8592: 8555: 8524: 8514: 8484: 8459: 8455:Stevenson, J 8445: 8413: 8394: 8368:. Retrieved 8363: 8342: 8330:Manx Society 8324: 8293: 8271: 8260: 8249: 8227: 8208: 8194: 8176: 8150:. Retrieved 8145: 8116:. Retrieved 8111: 8082:. Retrieved 8077: 8048:. Retrieved 8043: 8014:. Retrieved 8009: 7992: 7974: 7944:. Retrieved 7940:the original 7933: 7911: 7901: 7897:Anderson, AO 7871:. Retrieved 7867:the original 7862: 7831: 7819: 7807: 7791: 7763: 7758:pp. 145–146. 7747: 7738:Flateyjarbok 7737: 7704: 7688: 7681:Luard (1866) 7664: 7644: 7637:Duffy (1993) 7616: 7604: 7595:Flateyjarbok 7594: 7590:Unger (1871) 7553: 7541: 7532:Flateyjarbok 7531: 7527:Unger (1871) 7475:Power (2005) 7473:pp. 87, 92; 7443: 7431: 7415: 7387: 7371: 7351: 7339: 7326:Flateyjarbok 7325: 7321:Unger (1871) 7275:pp. 69, 75; 7268: 7259:Flateyjarbok 7258: 7254:Unger (1871) 7221: 7193: 7184:Flateyjarbok 7183: 7179:Unger (1871) 7147:Power (2005) 7130: 7123:Imsen (2010) 7118: 7107:Lewis (1987) 7102: 7091:Lewis (1987) 7089:p. 13 n. 2; 7087:Imsen (2010) 7064:Smith (1998) 7051: 7027: 7018:Flateyjarbok 7017: 7013:Unger (1871) 6972: 6963:Flateyjarbok 6962: 6958:Unger (1871) 6921: 6909: 6900:Flateyjarbok 6899: 6895:Unger (1871) 6854: 6845:Flateyjarbok 6844: 6840:Unger (1871) 6820:Stell (2000) 6815: 6806:Flateyjarbok 6805: 6801:Unger (1871) 6772: 6761:Cowan (1990) 6716: 6706: 6699: 6670: 6659:Stell (2000) 6654: 6645:Flateyjarbok 6644: 6640:Unger (1871) 6612:Stell (2000) 6607: 6598:Flateyjarbok 6597: 6593:Unger (1871) 6565:Cowan (1990) 6552: 6543:Flateyjarbok 6542: 6538:Unger (1871) 6509: 6502:Power (2005) 6497: 6490:Power (2005) 6481: 6472:Flateyjarbok 6471: 6467:Unger (1871) 6442: 6433:Flateyjarbok 6432: 6428:Unger (1871) 6403: 6394:Flateyjarbok 6393: 6389:Unger (1871) 6344: 6335:Flateyjarbok 6334: 6330:Unger (1871) 6293: 6286:Megaw (1976) 6281: 6274:Megaw (1976) 6261: 6242:Megaw (1976) 6207:Duffy (2002) 6198: 6191:Megaw (1976) 6170: 6155:Megaw (1976) 6147:Duffy (2002) 6130: 6118: 6102: 6086: 6079:Power (2005) 6066: 6053:Flateyjarbok 6052: 6048:Unger (1871) 6012:Storm (1977) 5995: 5985: 5954:Power (2005) 5937: 5928:Flateyjarbok 5927: 5923:Unger (1871) 5891:Cowan (1990) 5879:Power (2005) 5870: 5861:Flateyjarbok 5860: 5856:Unger (1871) 5807: 5798:Flateyjarbok 5797: 5793:Unger (1871) 5753:Power (2005) 5740: 5725:Cowan (1990) 5708: 5703:p. 472 n. 5. 5697:Megaw (1976) 5681:Power (2005) 5651: 5627: 5599: 5590:Flateyjarbok 5589: 5577:Storm (1977) 5568: 5527:pp. 24, 68; 5492:pp. 70, 81; 5465: 5441: 5431: 5429:p. 136 § 9; 5419:Duffy (1993) 5402: 5383:Duffy (1993) 5367:Duffy (2004) 5342: 5335:Duffy (1993) 5322: 5298: 5286: 5274: 5258: 5231: 5219: 5207: 5171: 5152:Duffy (1993) 5115: 5095: 5071: 5043: 5024:Duffy (1993) 4995: 4976:Duffy (1993) 4959: 4947: 4919: 4909: 4900: 4890: 4873: 4863: 4857:Flateyjarbok 4856: 4852:Unger (1871) 4828:Cowan (1990) 4808:Power (2005) 4800:Veach (2014) 4791: 4776:Duffy (1993) 4748:Veach (2014) 4746:pp. 47, 67; 4739: 4727: 4711: 4683:pp. 199–200. 4676: 4660: 4648: 4636: 4622: 4609: 4589: 4557:Flateyjarbok 4556: 4544:Storm (1977) 4523: 4496:Power (2005) 4479: 4467: 4456:Grant (2000) 4443: 4423: 4410:pp. 32, 43; 4408:Power (2005) 4391: 4375: 4359: 4339: 4319: 4309: 4300: 4290: 4269: 4241: 4217: 4177: 4160:pp. 79, 93; 4152:pp. 47, 67; 4145: 4133: 4070: 4035:Grant (2000) 4027:Power (2005) 4019:Woolf (2007) 4017:pp. 80, 93; 4003:Veach (2014) 3971: 3960:Woolf (2007) 3951: 3916:Power (2005) 3908:Woolf (2007) 3868: 3858: 3841: 3829: 3817: 3797: 3792:pp. 199–200. 3782:Cowan (1990) 3770:Woolf (2004) 3749: 3734:Cowan (1990) 3676:pp. 10, 19; 3665: 3658:Woolf (2007) 3653: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3619:p. 219 § 3; 3608: 3597:Woolf (2003) 3593:Woolf (2004) 3589:Raven (2005) 3581:Woolf (2007) 3556: 3549:Woolf (2007) 3532: 3520: 3489:Grant (2000) 3485:Woolf (2003) 3469:Woolf (2007) 3451:pp. 61, 66; 3444: 3428: 3401:Woolf (2003) 3397:Duffy (2004) 3381:Woolf (2007) 3356: 3344: 3324: 3312: 3296: 3291:pp. 192–195. 3286: 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3208:pp. 133–137. 3189: 3173: 3166:Power (2005) 3151:Power (2005) 3134: 3119:Duffy (2004) 3082: 3072: 3063: 3058:pp. 194–195. 3053: 2996: 2991:pp. 192–195. 2986: 2976:p. 143 § 4; 2971: 2959:Power (2005) 2926: 2917:Flateyjarbok 2916: 2904:Storm (1977) 2902:p. 143 § 4; 2897: 2889:Power (2005) 2876: 2852: 2840: 2828: 2805:Woolf (2007) 2796: 2781:Woolf (2007) 2760: 2745:Duffy (1993) 2725:Woolf (2007) 2692: 2683:p. 44 n. 8; 2676: 2651:pp. 44, 77; 2640: 2628: 2616: 2611:pp. 197–198. 2604: 2592: 2580: 2568: 2541:Duffy (2004) 2520: 2500: 2477:Duffy (2004) 2452: 2436: 2424: 2400: 2390: 2381: 2372:p. 34 tab.; 2370:Power (2005) 2365: 2336:p. 34 tab.; 2334:Power (2005) 2317: 2301: 2288:p. 34 tab.; 2286:Power (2005) 2273: 2262:Duffy (2004) 2245: 2238:Woolf (2007) 2225: 2206:Woolf (2003) 2202:Duffy (2004) 2194:Woolf (2007) 2176:pp. 60, 66; 2169: 2164:pp. 116–117. 2149: 2129: 2113: 2077:p. 34 tab.; 2075:Power (2005) 2062: 2051:Veach (2014) 2046: 2030: 2018: 2002: 1990: 1978: 1966: 1950: 1943:Duffy (2004) 1938: 1927:Duffy (2004) 1914: 1907:Power (2005) 1902: 1866: 1854: 1826: 1815:Woolf (2007) 1782: 1766: 1742:Veach (2014) 1703:Duffy (2004) 1699:Power (2005) 1662: 1626: 1601: 1558: 1547: 1538: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1510: 1502: 1494: 1486: 1479:brown-haired 1470: 1462: 1458: 1453: 1444: 1429: 1424: 1414: 1409: 1399: 1394: 1368: 1355: 1343: 1338: 1318: 1293: 1260: 1248: 1240: 1232: 1220: 1211: 1198: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1163:Guðrøðr Dond 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1147:Gofraid Donn 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1123:Godfrey Donn 1122: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1056: 1052: 1040: 1032: 1021: 1017: 1014: 999: 994: 991: 985: 963: 958: 954: 951: 943: 936:Coat of arms 926:Skálholtsbók 925: 921: 918:Flateyjarbók 917: 913: 909:Skálholtsbók 908: 904: 901:Flateyjarbók 900: 877: 855:Skálholtsbók 853: 847: 843:Flateyjarbók 841: 835: 827: 823: 821: 811: 808:Óspakr-Hákon 806:The name of 790: 779: 765: 744: 738: 726: 712:Tynwald Hill 695: 684:Detail from 671: 664:The seal of 647: 637: 632:The name of 568: 547: 530: 520: 479: 477: 456: 438: 432: 427:The name of 409: 397: 389: 381: 373: 359: 349: 295: 293: 273: 263: 230: 220: 194: 179: 151: 127:Guðrøðr Dond 126: 122: 121: 62: 56: 40: 26: 18:Guðrøðr Dond 12353:1231 deaths 12264:Vestrajǫrðr 12239:Isle of Man 11915:Archaeology 11815:Olvir Rosta 11295:9th century 11035:: 245–264. 10699:Sellar, WDH 10292:(5): 1–29. 10280:Neville, CJ 9882:Matheson, W 9700:Johnsen, AO 9383:: 192–220. 9314:(1): 1–17. 9302:Duncan, AAM 8869:Boardman, S 8778:22 February 8735:: 419–434. 8682:Barrow, GWS 8441:Sinclair, J 7725:Kjær (1910) 7693:Oram (2013) 7673:Oram (2000) 7669:Oram (2013) 7649:Oram (2013) 7578:Kjær (1910) 7525:pp. 92–95; 7511:Kjær (1910) 7491:Oram (1988) 7487:Gade (1994) 7477:pp. 45–46; 7467:Oram (2013) 7448:Oram (1988) 7424:Oram (1988) 7420:Oram (2000) 7408:Oram (1988) 7400:Oram (2000) 7309:Kjær (1910) 7293:Oram (2000) 7281:Oram (2011) 7277:Oram (2013) 7242:Kjær (1910) 7226:Oram (2013) 7210:Oram (2000) 7198:Oram (2013) 7167:Kjær (1910) 7151:Oram (2000) 7139:Oram (2011) 7135:Oram (2013) 7058:pp. 71–72; 7034:pp. 71–72; 7001:Kjær (1910) 6979:pp. 71–72; 6946:Kjær (1910) 6926:Oram (2011) 6883:Kjær (1910) 6828:Kjær (1910) 6789:Kjær (1910) 6759:pp. 39–42; 6745:Oram (2000) 6725:Oram (2011) 6721:Oram (2013) 6704:pp. 47–48; 6691:Oram (2000) 6679:Oram (2011) 6675:Oram (2013) 6628:Kjær (1910) 6581:Kjær (1910) 6526:Kjær (1910) 6514:Oram (2013) 6504:p. 13 n. 9. 6492:p. 13 n. 9. 6455:Kjær (1910) 6416:Kjær (1910) 6377:Kjær (1910) 6357:Oram (2000) 6353:Oram (2005) 6318:Kjær (1910) 6304:pp. 89–90; 6298:Oram (2000) 6244:pp. 16–17; 6091:Oram (2013) 6071:Oram (2013) 6046:pp. 92–93; 6028:Kjær (1910) 6010:pp. 89–90; 5966:Oram (1988) 5958:Oram (2000) 5946:Oram (2011) 5942:Oram (2013) 5911:Kjær (1910) 5875:Oram (2013) 5844:Kjær (1910) 5828:Oram (1988) 5824:Oram (2000) 5812:Oram (2013) 5781:Kjær (1910) 5765:Oram (1988) 5749:Oram (2013) 5729:Oram (1988) 5721:Oram (2000) 5713:Oram (2011) 5553:Oram (1988) 5545:Oram (2000) 5533:Oram (2011) 5529:Oram (2013) 5502:Oram (1988) 5498:Oram (2000) 5482:Oram (2011) 5478:Oram (2013) 5472:pp. 67–68; 5446:Oram (2013) 5423:Oram (1988) 5411:Oram (2000) 5387:Oram (1988) 5375:Oram (2000) 5371:Oram (2004) 5355:Oram (2011) 5351:Oram (2013) 5236:Oram (2000) 5224:Oram (2000) 5192:Oram (2000) 5176:Oram (2013) 5156:Oram (1988) 5148:Oram (2000) 5132:Oram (2011) 5128:Oram (2013) 5082:pp. 58–59; 5028:Oram (1988) 5016:Oram (2000) 5008:Oram (2011) 5004:Oram (2013) 5002:pp. 47–48; 4984:Bain (1881) 4980:Oram (1988) 4972:Oram (2000) 4964:Oram (2013) 4940:Oram (2000) 4924:Oram (2011) 4886:Gade (1994) 4840:Kjær (1910) 4824:Gade (1994) 4818:pp. 88–89; 4772:Oram (2000) 4756:Oram (2011) 4752:Oram (2013) 4704:Oram (2013) 4681:Gade (1994) 4667:pp. 72–73; 4600:pp. 96–98; 4540:Gade (1994) 4508:Gade (1994) 4488:Oram (2013) 4450:pp. 36–38; 4055:Gade (1994) 4039:Oram (2000) 4007:Oram (2013) 3964:Oram (2000) 3958:pp. 93–94; 3920:Oram (2000) 3896:Oram (2013) 3856:pp. 86–87; 3810:Oram (2000) 3806:Oram (2011) 3802:Oram (2013) 3758:Oram (2011) 3754:Oram (2013) 3728:pp. 83–84; 3714:Oram (2000) 3698:Oram (2005) 3686:Oram (2011) 3678:Oram (2013) 3625:Paul (1882) 3601:Oram (2000) 3573:Oram (2011) 3569:Oram (2013) 3563:pp. 60–61; 3541:Oram (2013) 3497:Oram (2000) 3461:Oram (2013) 3405:Oram (2000) 3395:pp. 76–78; 3373:Oram (2013) 3305:Oram (2011) 3301:Oram (2013) 3274:Oram (2005) 3256:pp. 72–73; 3123:Oram (2000) 3089:pp. 72–73; 3037:Oram (2000) 3009:Oram (2011) 3003:pp. 72–73; 2967:Oram (2000) 2955:Oram (2005) 2935:Oram (2013) 2893:Oram (2000) 2809:Oram (2000) 2807:pp. 80–81; 2785:Oram (2000) 2737:Oram (2000) 2727:pp. 80–81; 2713:Oram (2011) 2705:Oram (2013) 2657:Oram (2000) 2545:Oram (2000) 2539:pp. 70–71; 2529:Oram (2011) 2509:Oram (2011) 2505:Oram (2013) 2485:Oram (2000) 2465:Oram (2011) 2326:Oram (2011) 2232:pp. 60–61; 2182:Oram (2013) 2158:Oram (2013) 2156:pp. 60–61; 2118:Oram (2013) 2039:Gade (1994) 2023:Oram (2013) 2011:Oram (2000) 1983:Oram (2011) 1931:Oram (2000) 1891:Oram (1988) 1819:Gade (1994) 1799:Oram (2011) 1791:Oram (2013) 1719:Oram (1988) 1711:Oram (2000) 1527:Eirspennill 1155:Guðrøðr Don 1139:Godred Dond 914:Eirspennill 837:Eirspennill 782:Gallovidian 686:Maughold IV 434:Eirspennill 396:" (styled " 380:" (styled " 366:Birkibeinar 209:Antecessors 12347:Categories 12317:MacDougall 12312:Mac Coitir 12214:Brunanburh 12109:Lunnasting 11170:10023/7088 10948:required.) 10709:: 233–258. 10670:. London: 10664:Sawyer, PH 10417:required.) 10355:10023/2638 10247:required.) 10174:required.) 9962:. Dublin: 9939:. Dublin: 9853:2019017096 9685:De Gruyter 9647:Wilson, DM 9520:Forte, A; 9465:. London: 9295:required.) 9241:. Stroud: 9229:2262/77137 9054:Allen Lane 8532:. London: 8494:10802/5009 8307:1946/22667 8204:Jónsson, F 8152:2 November 8118:2 November 8084:2 November 7988:Dimock, JF 7970:Dasent, GW 7846:References 7826:pp. 88–89. 6288:pp. 16–17. 6276:pp. 16–17. 6165:pp. 92–93. 6113:pp. 86–87. 5563:pp. 92–93. 5512:pp. 90–91. 5460:pp. 90–91. 5397:pp. 90–91. 5317:pp. 94–95. 5281:pp. 74–75. 5263:Fee (2012) 5166:pp. 88–91. 5038:pp. 88–89. 4786:pp. 88–89. 4518:pp. 88–89. 4474:pp. 36–37. 4334:pp. 88–89. 4212:pp. 88–89. 4172:pp. 86–87. 4109:pp. 86–89. 4065:pp. 86–89. 3946:pp. 86–87. 3824:pp. 60–61. 3515:pp. 86–87. 3423:pp. 84–87. 2823:pp. 84–85. 2755:pp. 82–85. 2671:pp. 82–83. 2563:pp. 78–79. 2495:pp. 78–79. 2431:pp. 71–72. 2220:pp. 84–85. 2144:pp. 86–87. 1135:Godred don 1131:Godred Don 986:Olavus rex 586:NG37706879 583:district ( 576:NG41824850 571:St Columba 462:Kin-strife 324:pilgrimage 310:island of 165:, invaded 12332:MacDonald 12302:Somhairle 12176:Etymology 12157:Old Norse 12119:Sandsting 12059:Ounceland 11952:Earl's Bu 11942:Camas Uig 11861:Dál Riata 11800:Ingimundr 11456:Ingimundr 11339:Gebeachan 11121:0038-7134 11113:2040-8072 11074:Wagner, A 11065:220620368 11057:0081-1564 11049:2056-743X 10887:24871335M 10845:1569-1462 10818:0306-5278 10810:2042-2717 10604:0068-1288 10596:1747-6704 10565:0305-9219 10553:Saga-Book 10537:1353-0089 10504:(2017) . 10442:1569-1462 10322:157655719 10314:0304-4181 10306:1873-1279 10272:1569-1462 10195:0036-9411 10132:1353-0089 10126:: 25–48. 10094:204624404 10059:0583-9106 10033:Routledge 9845:2352-0299 9787:223924724 9779:0081-1564 9771:2056-743X 9757:: 50–62. 9724:0036-9241 9716:1750-0222 9674:"Tynwald" 9659:Saga-Book 9504:0261-9865 9423:Hudson, B 9413:189977430 9405:0081-1564 9397:2056-743X 9328:0036-9241 9320:1750-0222 9207:1096-746X 9173:24831804M 9159:Cubbon, W 9151:1569-1462 9083:Cowan, EJ 9038:154568763 9030:0076-6097 9022:1745-817X 8967:1740-1097 8932:1478-1409 8896:540108870 8861:1569-1462 8834:1569-1462 8757:0332-1592 8749:2034-6506 8612:23385970M 8588:Unger, CR 8580:22125679M 8550:Thorpe, L 8542:24871133M 8427:cite book 8404:24829867M 8352:23329160M 8316:Munch, PA 8285:23303390M 8245:Luard, HR 8237:25104944M 8218:18620939M 8186:23388689M 5986:AM 47 Fol 3093:§ 6.6.1; 3073:AM 47 Fol 1581:Citations 1358:vicecomes 1346:vicecomes 1333:kingship. 1243:Rǫgnvaldr 1167:patronyms 1063:Rǫgnvaldr 1002:Suðreyjar 723:disputes. 716:St John's 623:castrated 550:vicecomes 247:, Ívarr, 198:Hebridean 175:castrated 12327:Macruari 12297:Uí Ímair 12234:Epiphany 12219:Clontarf 12193:Hebrides 12139:Language 12124:Tingwall 12099:Dingwall 12086:Althings 12076:Udal law 12037:Hogbacks 11972:Maeshowe 11957:Jarlshof 11901:Scotland 11886:Shetland 11871:Lochlann 11805:Ljótólfr 11688:Uí Ímair 11497:Somerled 11179:Woolf, A 11129:27866810 11092:Speculum 11076:(1967). 10775:cite web 10666:(1982). 10559:: 5–66. 10531:: 1–30. 10189:: 1–44. 9892:: 68–80. 9818:3163004M 9732:25528786 9649:(1973). 9522:Oram, RD 9336:25528888 9161:(1952). 9048:(2003). 8977:(2004). 8975:Brown, M 8880:Broun, D 8871:(2007). 8789:Imsen, S 8684:(2006). 8666:. 1982. 8536:. 1908. 8481:Storm, G 8473:7196137M 8380:cite web 8338:Paul, JB 8162:cite web 8128:cite web 8094:cite web 8060:cite web 8026:cite web 7956:cite web 7883:cite web 7782:p. 118; 7770:p. 107; 7679:p. 478; 7675:p. 131; 7572:p. 478; 7560:p. 158; 7501:p. 202; 7493:p. 140; 7489:p. 201; 7485:p. 117; 7422:p. 128; 7406:p. 151; 7402:p. 128; 7378:p. 548; 7299:p. 201; 7295:p. 129; 7291:p. 252; 7283:p. 192; 7236:p. 477; 7232:p. 158; 7212:p. 129; 7208:p. 252; 7204:p. 158; 7157:p. 201; 7153:p. 129; 7145:p. 158; 7141:p. 192; 7109:p. 456; 7093:p. 456; 7062:p. 156; 7038:p. 156; 6983:p. 156; 6936:p. 201; 6932:p. 252; 6928:p. 192; 6877:p. 476; 6869:p. 152; 6865:p. 251; 6861:p. 158; 6822:p. 277; 6783:p. 152; 6763:p. 115; 6751:p. 152; 6747:p. 129; 6727:p. 192; 6693:p. 129; 6685:p. 250; 6681:p. 192; 6661:p. 278; 6618:p. 152; 6614:p. 277; 6575:p. 475; 6571:p. 201; 6559:p. 293; 6367:p. 201; 6363:p. 117; 6359:p. 128; 6351:p. 293; 6300:p. 128; 6205:p. 339; 6189:p. 111; 6181:p. 339; 6177:p. 258; 6141:p. 338; 6042:p. 371; 6018:p. 201; 5960:p. 128; 5948:p. 192; 5893:p. 114; 5834:p. 201; 5830:p. 138; 5826:p. 128; 5818:p. 104; 5771:p. 200; 5767:p. 138; 5731:p. 138; 5727:p. 114; 5723:p. 128; 5715:p. 192; 5695:p. 111; 5675:p. 338; 5671:p. 258; 5618:p. 467; 5587:p. 371; 5583:p. 467; 5559:p. 466; 5555:p. 137; 5551:p. 258; 5535:p. 190; 5508:p. 466; 5504:p. 137; 5484:p. 190; 5425:p. 137; 5421:p. 105; 5413:p. 127; 5409:p. 149; 5393:p. 465; 5389:p. 137; 5385:p. 106; 5377:p. 127; 5357:p. 190; 5313:p. 508; 5265:p. 129; 5194:p. 126; 5182:p. 155; 5158:p. 137; 5154:p. 105; 5150:p. 126; 5106:p. 151; 5102:p. 337; 5078:p. 151; 5034:p. 459; 5030:p. 137; 5026:p. 105; 5018:p. 126; 5010:p. 189; 4978:p. 105; 4907:p. 117; 4888:p. 203; 4884:p. 117; 4834:p. 455; 4830:p. 114; 4814:p. 195; 4802:p. 201; 4798:p. 148; 4782:p. 459; 4778:p. 105; 4774:p. 126; 4758:p. 189; 4750:p. 200; 4584:pp. 7–8. 4554:p. 369; 4514:p. 459; 4510:p. 201; 4458:p. 123; 4330:p. 459; 4326:p. 259; 4288:p. 244; 4284:p. 170; 4252:p. 259; 4228:p. 155; 4208:p. 459; 4200:p. 145; 4192:p. 155; 4188:p. 259; 4168:p. 458; 4156:p. 155; 4124:p. 144; 4101:p. 261; 4089:p. 144; 4081:p. 155; 4041:p. 125; 4037:p. 123; 4025:p. 145; 4013:p. 155; 4005:p. 200; 4001:p. 259; 3942:p. 458; 3934:p. 258; 3922:p. 125; 3914:p. 145; 3902:p. 155; 3852:p. 458; 3808:p. 189; 3784:p. 114; 3776:p. 201; 3772:p. 107; 3760:p. 186; 3736:p. 114; 3732:p. 528; 3720:p. 201; 3712:p. 203; 3684:p. 107; 3615:p. 117; 3599:p. 178; 3595:p. 107; 3575:p. 189; 3511:p. 458; 3499:p. 125; 3491:p. 123; 3487:p. 178; 3475:p. 145; 3455:p. 339; 3407:p. 125; 3403:p. 178; 3335:p. 143; 3331:p. 163; 3264:p. 125; 3200:p. 106; 3196:p. 125; 3125:p. 115; 3113:p. 134; 3109:p. 143; 3101:p. 125; 3097:p. 163; 3039:p. 115; 3027:p. 134; 3015:p. 125; 3011:p. 169; 3007:p. 163; 2969:p. 115; 2953:p. 133; 2945:p. 163; 2895:p. 115; 2887:p. 133; 2883:p. 163; 2859:p. 125; 2819:p. 457; 2811:p. 125; 2787:p. 125; 2751:p. 457; 2739:p. 125; 2731:p. 145; 2715:p. 169; 2667:p. 456; 2659:p. 125; 2655:p. 145; 2555:p. 260; 2511:p. 156; 2487:p. 105; 2216:p. 457; 2208:p. 178; 2140:p. 458; 1571:heraldry 1544:blazoned 1307:Domhnall 1299:Ruaidhrí 1266:Shetland 1251:Gudroder 1235:Raghnall 1119:epithets 870:Ruinous 702:teenager 611:furlongs 599:causeway 392:Gudroder 388:") and " 376:Ragnwald 368:and the 65:Godredus 12322:MacLeod 12254:Skyhill 12249:Renfrew 12162:Pictish 12129:Tynwald 12114:Nesting 12094:Delting 12013:Birlinn 11922:Bornish 11849:History 11302:Gofraid 11286:of the 10765:25 June 10758:Canmore 10672:Methuen 10473:13 June 9690:7 March 9666:: 1–18. 9425:(ed.). 8909:14 July 8791:(ed.). 8728:Peritia 8320:Goss, A 8050:13 June 7873:25 June 7798:p. 88; 7774:p. 87; 7754:p. 87; 7715:p. 87; 7711:p. 69; 7695:ch. 4; 7683:p. 126. 7671:ch. 4; 7651:ch. 4; 7639:p. 106. 7623:p. 69; 7611:p. 159. 7568:p. 90; 7548:p. 152. 7469:ch. 4; 7465:p. 69; 7450:p. 139. 7426:p. 139. 7410:p. 139. 7398:p. 87; 7394:p. 69; 7382:p. 201. 7366:p. 201. 7362:p. 91; 7279:ch. 4; 7228:ch. 4; 7216:p. 201. 7200:ch. 4; 7149:p. 45; 7137:ch. 4; 7070:p. 84; 7042:p. 84; 6991:p. 92; 6987:p. 84; 6916:p. 251. 6873:p. 39; 6767:p. 201. 6743:p. 78; 6739:p. 26; 6731:p. 95; 6723:ch. 4; 6697:p. 97; 6689:p. 78; 6677:ch. 4; 6563:p. 90; 6516:ch. 4; 6355:p. 40; 6217:p. 111. 6213:p. 30; 6185:p. 30; 6157:p. 16; 6145:p. 86; 6137:p. 68; 6093:ch. 4; 6073:ch. 4; 6006:p. 86; 6002:p. 68; 5968:p. 138. 5964:p. 89; 5956:p. 44; 5944:ch. 4; 5897:p. 26; 5889:p. 89; 5885:p. 78; 5881:p. 44; 5877:ch. 4; 5814:ch. 4; 5763:p. 88; 5759:p. 97; 5755:p. 44; 5751:ch. 4; 5747:p. 68; 5735:p. 201. 5719:p. 89; 5699:p. 16; 5687:p. 30; 5683:p. 47; 5679:p. 86; 5649:p. 92; 5634:p. 258. 5606:p. 68; 5594:p. 527. 5575:p. 29; 5543:p. 78; 5539:p. 82; 5531:ch. 4; 5496:p. 16; 5488:p. 63; 5480:ch. 4; 5476:p. 38; 5448:ch. 4; 5417:p. 95; 5381:p. 95; 5365:p. 78; 5353:ch. 4; 5349:p. 38; 5337:p. 106. 5333:p. 81; 5329:p. 67; 5309:p. 58; 5226:p. 126. 5214:p. 155. 5198:p. 96; 5190:p. 78; 5178:ch. 4; 5146:p. 78; 5130:ch. 4; 5050:p. 59; 5022:p. 86; 5006:ch. 4; 4966:ch. 4; 4942:p. 126. 4938:p. 78; 4880:p. 89; 4810:p. 44; 4770:p. 78; 4762:p. 63; 4754:ch. 4; 4722:p. 155. 4718:p. 67; 4616:p. 73; 4596:p. 73; 4576:p. 11; 4561:p. 526. 4534:p. 80; 4530:p. 67; 4498:p. 43; 4494:p. 80; 4490:ch. 4; 4486:p. 67; 4418:p. 258. 4402:p. 36; 4386:p. 244. 4354:p. 538. 4276:p. 67; 4232:p. 80; 4224:p. 67; 4196:p. 80; 4184:p. 67; 4140:p. 261. 4085:p. 93; 4077:p. 67; 4049:p. 85; 4029:p. 43; 4021:p. 81; 4009:ch. 4; 3997:p. 36; 3993:p. 67; 3966:p. 125. 3962:p. 81; 3930:p. 85; 3918:p. 43; 3910:p. 81; 3898:ch. 4; 3894:p. 36; 3875:p. 163. 3812:p. 125. 3804:ch. 4; 3780:p. 84; 3768:p. 75; 3756:ch. 4; 3744:p. 199. 3724:p. 95; 3704:p. 75; 3700:p. 36; 3692:p. 40; 3680:ch. 4; 3603:p. 125. 3591:p. 57; 3583:p. 81; 3571:ch. 4; 3567:p. 36; 3543:ch. 4; 3539:p. 36; 3507:p. 85; 3483:p. 78; 3471:p. 81; 3463:ch. 4; 3459:p. 36; 3439:p. 152. 3435:p. 36; 3415:p. 85; 3383:p. 81; 3375:ch. 4; 3371:p. 36; 3339:p. 134. 3319:p. 115. 3307:p. 169. 3303:ch. 4; 3244:p. 125. 3232:p. 135. 3220:p. 106. 3117:p. 74; 3031:p. 74; 2961:p. 38; 2937:ch. 4; 2921:p. 523. 2891:p. 38; 2847:p. 113. 2815:p. 85; 2783:p. 80; 2767:p. 66; 2747:p. 64; 2743:p. 85; 2707:ch. 4; 2703:p. 36; 2699:p. 66; 2587:p. 167. 2551:p. 85; 2507:ch. 4; 2463:p. 87; 2388:p. 78; 2212:p. 85; 2196:p. 81; 2184:ch. 4; 2180:p. 36; 2160:ch. 4; 2120:ch. 4; 1599:p. 86; 1386:Vikings 1350:. 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