Knowledge

Groom Mine

Source 📝

493:. By 2016, the USAF only valued Groom Mine at under a third of a million dollars; the Sheahan family's legal counsel valued the property as being worth over $ 100 million. In 2017, the family claimed they were forced to leave millions of dollars worth of property at Groom Mine following the seizure; part of the property which was abandoned includes an antique anvil that was missing when personal property was reviewed in November 2015. In August 2019, it was reported that the family was hoping to have a jury trial to determine the value of the property. The trial was ultimately conducted in front of a three-member Land Commission. Prior to trial, the landowners accepted the Government's valuation of the mineral interests at $ 104,000 and went to trial only to contest the value of the surface rights. The landowner's experts valued those rights at $ 50 million based on the property being developed into a commercial tourism enterprise offering views of Area 51. The Government's experts valued it at $ 254,000 based on continued use as a rural recreation retreat. On May 29, 2020 the Land Commission ruled that just compensation for the taking of the surface rights is $ 1,100,000 based on the property's continued use for rural recreation, with a premium over the Government's valuation to account for its view of Area 51 and its historic use as a family owned mining operation. 2387: 441: 505: 473:
though the Sheahan family had not disclosed any activities of the Groom Lake facility. In September 2015, the commander of the Nevada Test and Training Range stated that the existence of the mine within the range led to "tremendous expense" due to "canceling missions when they came out"; secret operations at the base could not proceed when civilians were present on the Sheahan's property within easy view of the installation. On 16 September 2015, the property was condemned under
309: 31: 403:. Returning to the mine had to be done using a different route; the normal route was too radioactive to travel on. The following Fox test in late May 1952 led to fallout falling on the mine; the highest-recorded radiation was 0.32 roentgen per hour. It was, however, the view of the Atomic Energy Commission that the nuclear detonations "had not subjected Groom Mine personnel to any real danger from fallout". 433:. In 1956, the Sheahan family and others filed lawsuits against the Atomic Energy Commission because of damage caused by nuclear testing. In 1959, the lawsuit was withdrawn when the Sheahan family ran out of funds to continue legal action. The property on which the mine is located has a view of an airfield known as 472:
attempted to purchase the property from the Sheahan family, originally offering $ 1.5 million. By August 2015, the USAF had raised the offer to $ 5.2 million; the family continued rejecting the offers. In August 2015, a government press release described the mine as a "safety and security risk", even
364:
report stated that due to restricted access to the mine, it would lead to "potential loss of income through inability to expand or further develop the claims". Until late 2015, the Sheahan family periodically blasted for minerals at the mine; by this time the family had owned the mine for 130 years.
484:
It was not determined at the time of transfer of ownership how much the Sheahan family would receive in just compensation for the government acquisition of Groom Mine; the USAF in 2015 estimated the land to be worth $ 1.2 million. In November 2015, the Sheahan family suggested the mine be protected
332:. Beginning in 1950, roads approaching the mine from the west were closed due to military activities, leading to the Sheahan family and Lincoln County to build a road from the east; this is referred to as Groom Road in a 1986 report. During the 1950s, mining operations paused due to nearby 356:, lead, mercury, and zinc. By 1959, the Sheahan family moved away from the mine but visited their property regularly. In 1984, the Sheahan family, who still owned the Groom Mine, also had the legal rights to most of the other 22 patented mining claims nearby. According to the 1280: 373:
In 1941, Groom Mine was visited by individuals who stayed at the mine with the Sheahan family while surveying the area for a gunnery and bombing range to be used during World War II. The outhouse and bunkhouse at the mine were accidentally
378:
during the war by aircraft using the Las Vegas Bombing and Gunnery Range. Beginning in the 1950s, Groom Mine began to be impacted by nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site; Groom Mine was 38 miles (61 km) away. In 1951, the
343:
valued the output of Groom mine products at $ 3.75 million ($ 18.9 million in 2023). It was the most productive mine in the Groom Mining District and had been worked on by three generations of the Sheahan family. Based on
295:
In addition to the Conception claim, other claims in Groom District were made and held by the Sheahan family. From 1915 until 1917, the mine was leased to Tom McCormick, who worked the mine. In September 1917, a miner from
227:. During the late 20th century, military activities, including the destruction of a mill and the restriction of access to the mine, continued to affect work there. The United States Government seized the mine under 1272: 1838:
Additions to the National Wilderness Preservation System: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Public Lands of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, First
414:, the Sheahan family attempted to sell their claim to the Atomic Energy Commission but it refused, fearing it would set a precedent; instead the family received $ 1,100 for losses and damages resulting from the 206:
ores, had finished by 1874. Groom Mine continued to operate, finally ceasing operations in 1954. By 1956, official recordings of products of the Groom Mining District, which includes Groom Mine, shows that
2038: 300:
who was employed by Groom Mining Company died at the mine. In the mid-to-late 1910s the mine produced silver worth about $ 250,000. The shipping of mined products became difficult with the closing of the
1883: 1301: 703: 2131: 223:, Groom Mine became surrounded by military activity, which continued into the 21st century. In the 1950s, the mine was exposed to fallout from nuclear testing that was being carried out at the 1884:
Resource Specialists and Management Staff within the Caliente Resource Area; 554th Range Group Staff, Nellis Air Force Base; Nevada State offices, Bureau of Land Management (24 May 1989).
1302:
Resource Specialists and Management Staff within the Caliente Resource Area; 554th Range Group Staff, Nellis Air Force Base; Nevada State offices, Bureau of Land Management (24 May 1989).
704:
Resource Specialists and Management Staff within the Caliente Resource Area; 554th Range Group Staff, Nellis Air Force Base; Nevada State offices, Bureau of Land Management (24 May 1989).
2184:
United States District Court District of Nevada (Las Vegas) CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 2:15-cv-01743-MMD-NJK, STIPULATION Regarding Valuation and Trial Presentation of the Mineral Interest
2069: 2100: 324:. By 1951, four people were living at the mine and the concentration mill had been completed. Ore from Groom Mine, from which lead and silver were extracted, was found to contain 2007: 871: 759: 2644: 1351: 391:
Easy Test, which led to the mine being evacuated due to its proximity to the detonation. Following the detonation, measurements of radiation at the mine reached 0.19
1862: 803: 2030: 1948: 456:. In 1987, the position of the United States Air Force was, "we don't want to go in and tell them to get the hell out". In 1989, although it was within the 305:
at the end of that decade, which caused the mine to become temporarily idle. By 1922, the mine had two shafts, the longest being 200 feet (61 m) deep.
2123: 425:
During 1953, the property was strafed and during the summer a bomb destroyed the mine's mill; no specific claim was made by the Sheahan family against the
321: 1834: 231:
from its previous owners in 2015. Just compensation was set at $ 1.204 million by the United States District Court, District of Nevada (Las Vegas), Judge
1988: September 10, 2015) ("Schedule G Estimate of Just Compensation: The estimated just compensation for the interests being taken is $ 1,200,000."). 2154: 453: 383:
informed the Sheahan family of the planned detonations and set up instrumentation at the mine. The instrumentation was monitored by an employee of the
333: 1786: 448:
In 1984, the USAF seized lands around Groom Mine, restricting access to the mine for the Sheahan family. Some of the Sheahan family were issued with
437:. In the 1970s and 1980s, armed personnel arrived when the Sheahan family came onto their property, sometimes locking them into their own buildings. 2325: 1907: 1432: 1325: 727: 633:
Mineral Resources in the Vicinity of the Nellis Air Force Base and the Nellis Bombing and Gunnery Range, Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, Nevada
422:, the Atomic Energy Commission said the blasts were designed to produce winds from the testing area towards Groom rather than towards Las Vegas. 1922: 2061: 993: 2092: 1999: 859: 751: 430: 387:, who lived at the mine along with the Sheahan family. The first mention of a nuclear tests impacting operations at Groom Mine was the 259:
in 1859, prospecting of other areas in Nevada began. Mining in the area began in the late 1860s, after minerals were discovered in the
2659: 339:
Until 1956, the mine product totaled almost a million dollars in several minerals, including copper, silver, and gold; In 1977, the
1835:
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Public Lands and National Parks (1986).
284:
for the Groom Mine was issued in 1872 and in 1885, the Sheahan family acquired the property. The mine was three days' travel from
263:
in 1864. A mining district to organize claims, called Groom District, was formed in 1869. In 1871, the area was documented in the
603: 489:; this coincides with a suggestion in a 1980s USAF report that recommended nominating Groom Mining District to be listed on the 360:, it was estimated in 1963 that there is 30,000 tonnes (30,000,000 kg) of material that can be mined at Groom Mine. A 1990 2654: 486: 460:, the United States Air Force allowed claimants access to their claims within the Groom Mining District, including Groom Mine. 380: 61: 2219: 2197: 1819: 1758: 1715: 1685: 1658: 1605: 1578: 1551: 1519: 1492: 1465: 1343: 1255: 1048: 909: 639: 552: 2318: 490: 2303: 474: 469: 384: 228: 1854: 793: 357: 289: 418:
tests. Following the adverse environmental impact observed by the two remaining family members at the mine caused by
410:. In July 1952, Martha, a member of the family who had been exposed to fallout, was diagnosed with cancer. Following 1733:
Groom Mountain Range, Lincoln County, Renewed Withdrawal from Nellis Air Force Range: Environmental Impact Statement
1622: 2311: 35: 2249:" (1871-1930) . Dewey Library, ID: 99-19. Special Collections, University Libraries: University of Nevada, Reno. 1570:
Elements of Controversy: The Atomic Energy Commission and Radiation Safety in Nuclear Weapons Testing, 1947-1974
668: 457: 302: 411: 388: 340: 1192:
The Mines Handbook: An Enlargement of the Copper Hand Book; a Manual of the Mining Industry of North America
2544: 1778: 452:
after 1984. In 1986, the 1953 mill-destruction event was entered into the record of a subcommittee of the
2271:, Box: 24, File: 5. Las Vegas, Nevada: Special Collections and Archives, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. 669:
Archaeological Reconnaissance: An Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Groom Range Lincoln County, Nevada
395:
per hour. It caused some structural damage, breaking the front door of the Sheahan's home. Further away,
971:"A Mine, the Military, and a Dry Lake: National Security and the Groom District, Lincoln County, Nevada" 1977:
United States of America v. 400 Acres of Land, more or less, situate in Lincoln County, State of Nevada
928:
OF1984-01: A Mineral Inventory of the Caliente Resource Area, Caliente District, Lincoln County, Nevada
292:
in 1998, the property claim, which is commonly referred to as Groom, is officially named "Conception".
1424: 415: 361: 2649: 1109: 970: 179: 1174: 1142: 825: 2524: 2499: 2416: 2398: 2268: 1623:
Shots Easy, Fox, Grace and How: The Final Tests of the Tumbler-Snapper Series 7 May - 5 June 1952
1209:
OF1986-09: Mineral Inventory and Geochemical Survey, Groom Mountain Range, Lincoln County, Nevada
1126: 1087:
OF1986-09: Mineral Inventory and Geochemical Survey, Groom Mountain Range, Lincoln County, Nevada
426: 2246: 1407: 1021: 2590: 2335: 1190: 285: 211:
was the bulk of minerals harvested, which also included 145,000 troy ounces (4,500 kg) of
199: 49: 2260:
Historical Files from Federal Government Mineral Exploration-Assistance Programs, 1950 to 1974
1885: 1748: 1675: 1595: 1303: 705: 569: 542: 251:
rocks on its east and north sides. Prior to European exploration, the region was inhabited by
2614: 2262:, Series: All Defense Minerals Administration (DMA) Dockets. United States Geological Survey. 1985: 1809: 1705: 1648: 1568: 1541: 1509: 1455: 1273:"US air force threatens to destroy property next door to Area 51 after owners refuse to sell" 1245: 1158: 1038: 926: 899: 419: 2155:"Family who owned Area 51 land sees planned events as proof in claim against the government" 1482: 1409:
Caliente Resource Area, Nellis Air Force Range Resource Plan: Environmental Impact Statement
1207: 1085: 2621: 2509: 2431: 2333: 2267:
Broudy, Alice P. "Observed Damage at Groom Mine Following Shot of Plumbbob, July 9, 1964".
1901: 1374: 1319: 721: 510: 2255: 8: 2519: 2471: 2461: 2292: 449: 1176:
Intermountain Industry and Engineering: Official Publication: Utah Motor Transport Ass'n
1160:
Intermountain Industry and Engineering: Official Publication: Utah Motor Transport Ass'n
336:. In 1954, production from the mine ended due to the destruction of a mill at the mine. 2421: 596: 317: 2411: 1889: 1815: 1754: 1711: 1681: 1654: 1601: 1574: 1547: 1515: 1488: 1461: 1381: 1307: 1251: 1213: 1091: 1044: 985: 932: 905: 709: 577: 548: 444:
Groom Mine is depicted on a chart of the Nevada Test and Training Range made in 2008.
288:
and 5,250 feet (1,600 m) above sea level, making it very isolated. According to
2574: 2376: 2031:"Family accuses Air Force of lowball price estimate on land it seized near Area 51" 681:
A crude smelter may have been on the Groom Mine property in 1866 (Averett 1963:49).
477:
and given to the United States Government by a court order signed by federal Judge
429:(USAF) for the event. In 1954, the mining buildings were strafed by aircraft using 400: 224: 2259: 632: 2534: 2529: 2476: 1953: 1836: 1731: 396: 392: 297: 252: 203: 109: 1981: 1484:
UFO Headquarters: Investigations On Current Extraterrestrial Activity In Area 51
2554: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2357: 2124:"Family Demands To Know How A 200-Pound Antique Anvil Disappeared From Area 51" 1111:
OF1998-01: Mineral and energy resource assessment of the Nellis Air Force Range
1023:
OF1998-01: Mineral and energy resource assessment of the Nellis Air Force Range
924: 827:
OF1998-01: Mineral and energy resource assessment of the Nellis Air Force Range
264: 1893: 1886:
Draft: Nellis Air Force Range Resource Plan and Environmental Impact STatement
1385: 1311: 1304:
Draft: Nellis Air Force Range Resource Plan and Environmental Impact STatement
1058: 713: 706:
Draft: Nellis Air Force Range Resource Plan and Environmental Impact STatement
2638: 2569: 2559: 2539: 2504: 2494: 2406: 989: 256: 76: 63: 1217: 1095: 936: 406:
By May 1952, most of the Sheahan family had evacuated the mine and moved to
2514: 2426: 867: 581: 518: 345: 280:
Human habitation at the Groom Mine site may have begun as early as 1866. A
220: 2605:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties 2564: 2549: 2350: 1114:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. 1998. p. 154. GGKEY:0JR4J3LY7P1. 830:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. 1998. p. 136. GGKEY:0JR4J3LY7P1. 281: 260: 1779:"A battle is on for Area 51 in Nevada, but not the kind you might think" 440: 2486: 2062:"Family Says Land Overlooking Area 51 Is Worth $ 116M—USAF Says $ 330k" 1026:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. 1998. p. 7. GGKEY:0JR4J3LY7P1. 478: 232: 2220:"Document 656: COMMISSION'S FINDINGS OF FACTS AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW" 2198:"Document 656: COMMISSION'S FINDINGS OF FACTS AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW" 1888:(Report). Bureau of Land Management, Las Vegas District. p. 166. 1306:(Report). Bureau of Land Management, Las Vegas District. p. 165. 708:(Report). Bureau of Land Management, Las Vegas District. p. 162. 667:
Pippen, Lonnie C.; Reno, Ronald L.; Durand, Stephen R. (August 1986).
2158: 576:. Geology and Mining Series, Issues 1-16. University of Nevada: 161. 407: 325: 244: 30: 1923:"Family rejects Air Force's $ 5.2 million bid for land near Area 51" 540: 349: 248: 1750:
The Size of the Risk: Histories of Multiple Use in the Great Basin
1707:
Savage Dreams: A Journey into the Hidden Wars of the American West
1677:
The Size of the Risk: Histories of Multiple Use in the Great Basin
1650:
The Size of the Risk: Histories of Multiple Use in the Great Basin
1543:
The Size of the Risk: Histories of Multiple Use in the Great Basin
1128:
Appendix to Journals of Senate and Assembly ... of the Legislature
901:
Savage Dreams: A Journey into the Hidden Wars of the American West
308: 2162: 1811:
Dreamland: Travels Inside the Secret World of Roswell and Area 51
1247:
Dreamland: Travels Inside the Secret World of Roswell and Area 51
798: 434: 375: 202:, first opened in the 1870s. Most mining in the area, mostly of 1425:"True American Takes Stand Against Mysterious Area 51 Expansion" 2093:"Family fighting land seizure accuses US of 'bullying tactics'" 860:"The Unlikely Struggle Of The Family Whose Neighbor Is Area 51" 353: 348:
samples near Groom Mine, the area may also contain deposits of
329: 212: 1949:"Air Force wants owners to give up Nevada bombing range site" 255:
Native Americans. Following the discovery of minerals in the
2284: 2000:"Family seeks appraisal of Groom Lake property near Area 51" 2368: 1457:
Bombs in the Backyard: Atomic Testing and American Politics
1373:
Munteen, John L.; Davis, David A.; Ayling, Bridget (2017).
216: 208: 113: 1040:
SP019: Geologic and Natural History Tours in the Reno Area
925:
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology; J. V. Tingley (1984).
312:
Groom Road, built by the Sheahan family and Lincoln County
597:
Draft Environmental Impact Statement Groom Mountain Range
320:
method began; a source later referred to this mill as a
1628:(Report). Defense Nuclear Agency. p. 78. DNA 6021F 752:"Family fights government in land dispute near Area 51" 1195:. Stevens Copper Handbook Company. 1922. p. 1219. 638:(Report). United States Department of the Interior. 500: 1746: 1673: 1646: 1539: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1507: 1453: 1124: 2645:Buildings and structures in Lincoln County, Nevada 1753:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 100–101. 1372: 699: 697: 695: 693: 691: 689: 602:(Report). United States Air Force. pp. 3–24. 454:United States House Committee on Natural Resources 1777:Kravarik, Jason; Simon, Dan (12 September 2015). 1593: 1250:. Random House Publishing Group. pp. 93–97. 1239: 1237: 1235: 1233: 1231: 1229: 1227: 1090:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. pp. 8–. 1036: 745: 743: 741: 739: 737: 2636: 2269:Alice P. Broudy Papers on Broudy v United States 1855:"Deadline expires for private land near Area 51" 1699: 1697: 1566: 1546:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 79–80. 1528: 1511:Downwind: A People's History of the Nuclear West 1043:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. p. 54. 931:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. p. 28. 666: 662: 660: 1842:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 215. 1212:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. p. 2. 686: 671:(Report). Desert Research Institute. p. 62 630: 1710:. University of California Press. p. 35. 1703: 1573:. University of California Press. p. 80. 1224: 904:. University of California Press. p. 34. 897: 734: 541:Stephen B. Castor; Gregory C. Ferdock (2004). 2319: 2222:. District of Nevada - Document Filing System 2200:. District of Nevada - Document Filing System 1982: Case 2:15-cv-01743-MMD-NJK, Document 1-8 1814:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 76. 1776: 1772: 1770: 1694: 1680:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 246. 1337: 1335: 1205: 1083: 1016: 1014: 893: 891: 889: 794:"Government takes family's land near Area 51" 787: 785: 783: 781: 779: 777: 657: 1653:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 93. 1480: 964: 962: 960: 958: 956: 954: 952: 950: 948: 946: 316:In 1942, construction of a mill that used a 1914: 1906:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1807: 1324:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1270: 1243: 726:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 594: 547:. University of Nevada Press. p. 139. 2386: 2326: 2312: 1767: 1620: 1460:. University of Nevada Press. p. 56. 1412:. Bureau of Land Management. pp. H–8. 1332: 1147:. University of Nevada. 1904. p. 121. 1011: 886: 774: 570:"The Mineral Resources of Southern Nevada" 431:Nellis Air Force Gunnery and Bombing Range 215:and about 45 troy ounces (1.4 kg) of 29: 1621:Ponton, Jean; Maag, Carl (16 June 1982). 1447: 943: 853: 851: 849: 847: 845: 843: 841: 839: 837: 626: 624: 567: 536: 534: 1957:. Vienna, Virginia. The Associated Press 1852: 1344:"Air Force: 'We had no legal authority'" 1341: 574:Bulletin of Nevada State Bureau of Mines 439: 307: 243:The rocks in the range date back to the 38:map depicting the location of Groom Mine 2121: 2059: 1514:. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 59–60. 1056: 857: 463: 368: 2637: 2090: 2028: 1946: 1920: 1853:Rothberg, Daniel (10 September 2015). 1747:Leisl Carr Childers (9 October 2015). 1674:Leisl Carr Childers (9 October 2015). 1647:Leisl Carr Childers (9 October 2015). 1540:Leisl Carr Childers (9 October 2015). 1380:(Report). University of Nevada, Reno. 834: 621: 531: 18:Defunct mine in Lincoln County, Nevada 2307: 1600:. Big Earth Publishing. p. 101. 1508:Sarah Alisabeth Fox (November 2014). 1405: 1271:O'Neill, Marine (17 September 2015). 999:from the original on 30 December 2016 968: 749: 609:from the original on 18 February 2017 2152: 1997: 1597:Fallout: An American Nuclear Tragedy 1422: 1179:. The Association. 1920. p. 34. 1163:. The Association. 1920. p. 39. 791: 491:National Register of Historic Places 1567:Barton C. Hacker (1 January 1994). 1431:. New York City: Biglari Holdings. 978:Nevada Historical Society Quarterly 470:United States Department of Defense 385:United States Public Health Service 13: 2385: 2334:Municipalities and communities of 2266: 2238: 2134:from the original on 14 March 2018 2103:from the original on 14 March 2018 2072:from the original on 14 March 2018 2060:Rogoway, Tyler (6 December 2016). 2041:from the original on 14 March 2018 2010:from the original on 14 March 2018 1865:from the original on 14 March 2018 1789:from the original on 14 March 2018 1435:from the original on 15 March 2018 1354:from the original on 14 March 2018 1283:from the original on 14 March 2018 874:from the original on 15 March 2018 858:Rogoway, Tyler (9 November 2015). 806:from the original on 10 March 2018 762:from the original on 14 March 2018 750:Craft, Andrew (13 December 2016). 645:from the original on 14 March 2018 631:John R. Norberg (12 August 1977). 358:Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology 290:Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology 14: 2671: 2276: 1487:. St. Martin's Press. p. 7. 1423:Huff, Steve (12 September 2015). 1342:Chrystal, Chris (6 August 1984). 247:era; the site is also covered by 2660:2015 disestablishments in Nevada 1947:Ritter, Ken (7 September 2015). 1921:Rogers, Keith (31 August 2015). 1594:Philip L. Fradkin (March 2004). 1375:The Nevada Mineral Industry 2016 792:Meek, Glen (16 September 2015). 503: 2212: 2190: 2176: 2146: 2115: 2084: 2053: 2022: 1998:Meek, Glen (10 November 2015). 1991: 1969: 1940: 1877: 1846: 1828: 1808:Phil Patton (31 October 2012). 1801: 1740: 1724: 1667: 1640: 1614: 1587: 1560: 1501: 1481:Susan Wright (15 August 1998). 1474: 1416: 1399: 1366: 1295: 1264: 1244:Phil Patton (31 October 2012). 1199: 1183: 1167: 1151: 1135: 1118: 1102: 1077: 1030: 918: 36:United States Geological Survey 2153:Wade, Carla (22 August 2019). 2122:Rogoway, Tyler (10 May 2017). 1704:Rebecca Solnit (6 June 2014). 898:Rebecca Solnit (6 June 2014). 818: 588: 561: 458:Nevada Test and Training Range 303:Las Vegas and Tonopah Railroad 1: 2655:1875 establishments in Nevada 2247:Groom Mining District Records 524: 341:United States Bureau of Mines 238: 2091:Rogers, Keith (2 May 2017). 2029:Rogers, Keith (2 May 2017). 1454:A. Costandina Titus (2001). 1125:Nevada. Legislature (1919). 595:Donald Zona (October 1985). 468:Beginning in late 2014, the 7: 969:Paine, Gary (Spring 1996). 496: 10: 2676: 1348:United Press International 1063:Howard Hickson's Histories 1037:Joseph V. Tingley (2005). 568:Carpenter, Jay A. (1904). 270: 2610: 2600: 2583: 2485: 2460: 2397: 2383: 2367: 2348: 1406:Spang, Edward F. (1990). 1144:Geology and Mining Series 1059:"What Happened to Manny?" 416:Operation Tumbler-Snapper 412:Operation Upshot–Knothole 389:Operation Tumbler–Snapper 362:Bureau of Land Management 275: 185: 175: 170: 155: 147: 132: 127: 119: 105: 97: 92: 55: 48: 43: 28: 2097:Las Vegas Review-Journal 2035:Las Vegas Review-Journal 1927:Las Vegas Review Journal 1057:Hickson, Howard (2003). 381:Atomic Energy Commission 180:United States Government 427:United States Air Force 2391: 2337:Lincoln County, Nevada 2297:Western Mining History 1736:. 1986. pp. 3–13. 1206:Jack G. Quade (1986). 1084:Jack G. Quade (1986). 487:national historic site 445: 313: 200:Lincoln County, Nevada 50:Lincoln County, Nevada 2389: 1986:Nevada District Court 1065:. Great Basin College 443: 420:Upshot-Knothole Harry 318:gravity and flotation 311: 2623:United States portal 2584:Proposed communities 1220:. GGKEY:XT9W6WCT82L. 1098:. GGKEY:XT9W6WCT82L. 939:. GGKEY:7TSA0GECEY0. 511:United States portal 464:Government ownership 369:Military interaction 123:210 feet (64 m) 77:37.3462°N 115.7692°W 1277:News Corp Australia 450:security clearances 186:Year of acquisition 73: /  25: 2392: 2390:Lincoln County map 544:Minerals of Nevada 446: 322:concentration mill 314: 82:37.3462; -115.7692 23: 2632: 2631: 1821:978-0-307-82860-6 1760:978-0-8061-5253-0 1717:978-0-520-95792-3 1687:978-0-8061-5253-0 1660:978-0-8061-5253-0 1607:978-1-55566-331-5 1580:978-0-520-08323-3 1553:978-0-8061-5253-0 1521:978-0-8032-5537-1 1494:978-0-312-20781-6 1467:978-0-87417-370-3 1257:978-0-307-82860-6 1131:. pp. 35–36. 1050:978-1-888035-09-4 911:978-0-520-95792-3 758:. New York City. 554:978-0-87417-540-0 193: 192: 2667: 2624: 2617: 2388: 2360: 2353: 2343: 2338: 2328: 2321: 2314: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2288: 2287: 2285:Official website 2272: 2263: 2250: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2194: 2188: 2187: 2180: 2174: 2173: 2171: 2169: 2150: 2144: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2088: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2057: 2051: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2015: 1995: 1989: 1979: 1973: 1967: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1944: 1938: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1918: 1912: 1911: 1905: 1897: 1881: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1850: 1844: 1843: 1832: 1826: 1825: 1805: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1774: 1765: 1764: 1744: 1738: 1737: 1728: 1722: 1721: 1701: 1692: 1691: 1671: 1665: 1664: 1644: 1638: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1627: 1618: 1612: 1611: 1591: 1585: 1584: 1564: 1558: 1557: 1537: 1526: 1525: 1505: 1499: 1498: 1478: 1472: 1471: 1451: 1445: 1444: 1442: 1440: 1420: 1414: 1413: 1403: 1397: 1396: 1394: 1392: 1379: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1361: 1359: 1339: 1330: 1329: 1323: 1315: 1299: 1293: 1292: 1290: 1288: 1268: 1262: 1261: 1241: 1222: 1221: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1187: 1181: 1180: 1171: 1165: 1164: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1122: 1116: 1115: 1106: 1100: 1099: 1081: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1054: 1034: 1028: 1027: 1018: 1009: 1008: 1006: 1004: 998: 975: 966: 941: 940: 922: 916: 915: 895: 884: 883: 881: 879: 855: 832: 831: 822: 816: 815: 813: 811: 789: 772: 771: 769: 767: 747: 732: 731: 725: 717: 701: 684: 683: 678: 676: 664: 655: 654: 652: 650: 644: 637: 628: 619: 618: 616: 614: 608: 601: 592: 586: 585: 565: 559: 558: 538: 513: 508: 507: 506: 399:impacted nearby 225:Nevada Test Site 166: 164: 143: 141: 88: 87: 85: 84: 83: 78: 74: 71: 70: 69: 66: 33: 26: 22: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2650:Mines in Nevada 2635: 2634: 2633: 2628: 2622: 2615: 2606: 2596: 2579: 2525:Crystal Springs 2481: 2463: 2456: 2417:Bennett Springs 2393: 2381: 2363: 2358: 2351: 2344: 2341: 2336: 2332: 2291: 2283: 2282: 2279: 2253: 2244: 2241: 2239:Further reading 2236: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2203: 2201: 2196: 2195: 2191: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2167: 2165: 2151: 2147: 2137: 2135: 2120: 2116: 2106: 2104: 2089: 2085: 2075: 2073: 2058: 2054: 2044: 2042: 2027: 2023: 2013: 2011: 1996: 1992: 1975: 1974: 1970: 1960: 1958: 1954:Air Force Times 1945: 1941: 1931: 1929: 1919: 1915: 1899: 1898: 1882: 1878: 1868: 1866: 1851: 1847: 1833: 1829: 1822: 1806: 1802: 1792: 1790: 1775: 1768: 1761: 1745: 1741: 1730: 1729: 1725: 1718: 1702: 1695: 1688: 1672: 1668: 1661: 1645: 1641: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1619: 1615: 1608: 1592: 1588: 1581: 1565: 1561: 1554: 1538: 1529: 1522: 1506: 1502: 1495: 1479: 1475: 1468: 1452: 1448: 1438: 1436: 1421: 1417: 1404: 1400: 1390: 1388: 1377: 1371: 1367: 1357: 1355: 1340: 1333: 1317: 1316: 1300: 1296: 1286: 1284: 1269: 1265: 1258: 1242: 1225: 1204: 1200: 1189: 1188: 1184: 1173: 1172: 1168: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1141: 1140: 1136: 1123: 1119: 1108: 1107: 1103: 1082: 1078: 1068: 1066: 1055: 1051: 1035: 1031: 1020: 1019: 1012: 1002: 1000: 996: 973: 967: 944: 923: 919: 912: 896: 887: 877: 875: 856: 835: 824: 823: 819: 809: 807: 790: 775: 765: 763: 748: 735: 719: 718: 702: 687: 674: 672: 665: 658: 648: 646: 642: 635: 629: 622: 612: 610: 606: 599: 593: 589: 566: 562: 555: 539: 532: 527: 509: 504: 502: 499: 466: 371: 298:Austria-Hungary 278: 273: 253:Southern Paiute 241: 204:silver chloride 162: 160: 139: 137: 81: 79: 75: 72: 67: 64: 62: 60: 59: 39: 19: 12: 11: 5: 2673: 2663: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2626: 2619: 2611: 2608: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2594: 2591:Coyote Springs 2587: 2585: 2581: 2580: 2578: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2491: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2468: 2466: 2458: 2457: 2455: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2403: 2401: 2395: 2394: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2379: 2373: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2331: 2330: 2323: 2316: 2308: 2302: 2301: 2289: 2278: 2277:External links 2275: 2274: 2273: 2264: 2251: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2211: 2189: 2175: 2145: 2114: 2083: 2052: 2021: 1990: 1968: 1939: 1913: 1876: 1845: 1827: 1820: 1800: 1766: 1759: 1739: 1723: 1716: 1693: 1686: 1666: 1659: 1639: 1613: 1606: 1586: 1579: 1559: 1552: 1527: 1520: 1500: 1493: 1473: 1466: 1446: 1415: 1398: 1365: 1331: 1294: 1263: 1256: 1223: 1198: 1182: 1166: 1150: 1134: 1117: 1101: 1076: 1049: 1029: 1010: 942: 917: 910: 885: 833: 817: 773: 733: 685: 656: 620: 587: 560: 553: 529: 528: 526: 523: 522: 521: 515: 514: 498: 495: 475:eminent domain 465: 462: 370: 367: 286:Indian Springs 277: 274: 272: 269: 265:Wheeler Survey 240: 237: 229:eminent domain 191: 190: 187: 183: 182: 177: 173: 172: 168: 167: 157: 153: 152: 149: 145: 144: 134: 130: 129: 125: 124: 121: 120:Greatest depth 117: 116: 107: 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 90: 89: 57: 53: 52: 46: 45: 41: 40: 34: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2672: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2640: 2625: 2620: 2618: 2616:Nevada portal 2613: 2612: 2609: 2603: 2599: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2586: 2582: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2500:Bristol Wells 2498: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2459: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2378: 2375: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2361: 2354: 2347: 2342:United States 2339: 2329: 2324: 2322: 2317: 2315: 2310: 2309: 2306: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2281: 2280: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2242: 2221: 2215: 2199: 2193: 2185: 2179: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2149: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2118: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2087: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2056: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2025: 2009: 2006:. Las Vegas. 2005: 2001: 1994: 1987: 1983: 1978: 1972: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1943: 1928: 1924: 1917: 1909: 1903: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1880: 1864: 1860: 1859:Las Vegas Sun 1856: 1849: 1841: 1840: 1831: 1823: 1817: 1813: 1812: 1804: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1773: 1771: 1762: 1756: 1752: 1751: 1743: 1735: 1734: 1727: 1719: 1713: 1709: 1708: 1700: 1698: 1689: 1683: 1679: 1678: 1670: 1662: 1656: 1652: 1651: 1643: 1624: 1617: 1609: 1603: 1599: 1598: 1590: 1582: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1563: 1555: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1536: 1534: 1532: 1523: 1517: 1513: 1512: 1504: 1496: 1490: 1486: 1485: 1477: 1469: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1450: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1419: 1411: 1410: 1402: 1387: 1383: 1376: 1369: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1338: 1336: 1327: 1321: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1298: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1267: 1259: 1253: 1249: 1248: 1240: 1238: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1210: 1202: 1194: 1193: 1186: 1178: 1177: 1170: 1162: 1161: 1154: 1146: 1145: 1138: 1130: 1129: 1121: 1113: 1112: 1105: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1080: 1064: 1060: 1052: 1046: 1042: 1041: 1033: 1025: 1024: 1017: 1015: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 972: 965: 963: 961: 959: 957: 955: 953: 951: 949: 947: 938: 934: 930: 929: 921: 913: 907: 903: 902: 894: 892: 890: 873: 869: 865: 864:Foxtrot Alpha 861: 854: 852: 850: 848: 846: 844: 842: 840: 838: 829: 828: 821: 805: 802:. Las Vegas. 801: 800: 795: 788: 786: 784: 782: 780: 778: 761: 757: 753: 746: 744: 742: 740: 738: 729: 723: 715: 711: 707: 700: 698: 696: 694: 692: 690: 682: 670: 663: 661: 641: 634: 627: 625: 605: 598: 591: 583: 579: 575: 571: 564: 556: 550: 546: 545: 537: 535: 530: 520: 517: 516: 512: 501: 494: 492: 488: 482: 480: 476: 471: 461: 459: 455: 451: 442: 438: 436: 432: 428: 423: 421: 417: 413: 409: 404: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 377: 366: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 342: 337: 335: 334:nuclear tests 331: 327: 323: 319: 310: 306: 304: 299: 293: 291: 287: 283: 268: 266: 262: 258: 257:Comstock Lode 254: 250: 246: 236: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 205: 201: 198:, located in 197: 188: 184: 181: 178: 174: 169: 158: 154: 150: 146: 135: 131: 126: 122: 118: 115: 111: 108: 104: 100: 96: 91: 86: 58: 54: 51: 47: 42: 37: 32: 27: 21: 16: 2510:Bullionville 2432:Mount Wilson 2356: 2296: 2293:"Groom Mine" 2224:. Retrieved 2214: 2202:. Retrieved 2192: 2183: 2178: 2166:. Retrieved 2148: 2136:. Retrieved 2130:. Time Inc. 2127: 2117: 2105:. Retrieved 2096: 2086: 2074:. Retrieved 2068:. Time Inc. 2066:The War Zone 2065: 2055: 2043:. Retrieved 2034: 2024: 2012:. Retrieved 2003: 1993: 1976: 1971: 1959:. Retrieved 1952: 1942: 1930:. Retrieved 1926: 1916: 1879: 1867:. Retrieved 1858: 1848: 1837: 1830: 1810: 1803: 1791:. Retrieved 1782: 1749: 1742: 1732: 1726: 1706: 1676: 1669: 1649: 1642: 1630:. Retrieved 1616: 1596: 1589: 1569: 1562: 1542: 1510: 1503: 1483: 1476: 1456: 1449: 1437:. Retrieved 1428: 1418: 1408: 1401: 1389:. Retrieved 1368: 1356:. Retrieved 1347: 1297: 1285:. Retrieved 1276: 1266: 1246: 1208: 1201: 1191: 1185: 1175: 1169: 1159: 1153: 1143: 1137: 1127: 1120: 1110: 1104: 1086: 1079: 1067:. Retrieved 1062: 1039: 1032: 1022: 1001:. Retrieved 984:(1): 20–42. 981: 977: 927: 920: 900: 876:. Retrieved 863: 826: 820: 808:. Retrieved 797: 764:. Retrieved 755: 680: 673:. Retrieved 647:. Retrieved 611:. Retrieved 590: 573: 563: 543: 519:Tikaboo Peak 483: 467: 447: 424: 405: 372: 338: 315: 294: 279: 242: 221:World War II 195: 194: 20: 15: 2520:Cave Valley 2487:Ghost towns 2472:Ash Springs 2464:communities 2352:County seat 2128:The Warzone 1902:cite report 1785:. Atlanta. 1320:cite report 722:cite report 261:Groom Range 235:presiding. 114:underground 80: / 68:115°46′09″W 56:Coordinates 2639:Categories 2422:Dry Valley 2256:Groom Mine 2168:22 January 1894:1042984858 1632:6 February 1391:9 February 1386:1061602920 1312:1042984858 1069:9 February 714:1042984858 675:9 February 525:References 479:Miranda Du 239:Background 233:Miranda Du 196:Groom Mine 93:Production 65:37°20′46″N 24:Groom Mine 2601:Footnotes 2412:Beaverdam 2159:Las Vegas 990:0047-9462 408:Las Vegas 326:cerussite 245:Paleozoic 219:. During 151:1872–1954 2575:Tempiute 2377:Caliente 2138:13 March 2132:Archived 2107:13 March 2101:Archived 2076:13 March 2070:Archived 2045:13 March 2039:Archived 2014:13 March 2008:Archived 1961:13 March 1932:10 March 1869:13 March 1863:Archived 1793:13 March 1787:Archived 1439:15 March 1433:Archived 1352:Archived 1287:13 March 1281:Archived 1218:32899397 1096:32899397 1003:14 March 994:Archived 937:32899352 872:Archived 868:Jalopnik 810:10 March 804:Archived 766:13 March 760:Archived 756:Fox News 649:13 March 640:Archived 613:13 March 604:Archived 497:See also 401:Tempiute 393:roentgen 350:antimony 249:Tertiary 110:Open-pit 98:Products 44:Location 2535:Delmues 2530:Delamar 2477:Barclay 2299:. 2017. 2163:KTNV-TV 2004:KLAS-TV 1839:Session 1358:8 March 878:8 March 799:KLAS-TV 582:1432631 435:Area 51 397:fallout 376:strafed 346:panning 271:History 176:Company 161: ( 138: ( 128:History 2555:Joseco 2452:Ursine 2447:Rachel 2442:Pioche 2437:Panaca 2359:Pioche 2226:1 June 2204:1 June 1984: ( 1980:, 1892:  1818:  1757:  1714:  1684:  1657:  1604:  1577:  1550:  1518:  1491:  1464:  1384:  1310:  1254:  1216:  1094:  1047:  988:  935:  908:  712:  580:  551:  354:barium 330:galena 282:patent 276:Mining 213:silver 156:Closed 148:Active 133:Opened 112:& 101:Silver 2570:Stine 2560:Logan 2540:Elgin 2505:Brown 2495:Acoma 2462:Other 2407:Alamo 1626:(PDF) 1429:Maxim 1378:(PDF) 997:(PDF) 974:(PDF) 643:(PDF) 636:(PDF) 607:(PDF) 600:(PDF) 485:as a 171:Owner 2545:Etna 2515:Carp 2427:Hiko 2399:CDPs 2369:City 2228:2020 2206:2020 2170:2020 2140:2018 2109:2018 2078:2018 2047:2018 2016:2018 1963:2018 1934:2018 1908:link 1890:OCLC 1871:2018 1816:ISBN 1795:2018 1755:ISBN 1712:ISBN 1682:ISBN 1655:ISBN 1634:2019 1602:ISBN 1575:ISBN 1548:ISBN 1516:ISBN 1489:ISBN 1462:ISBN 1441:2018 1393:2019 1382:OCLC 1360:2018 1326:link 1308:OCLC 1289:2018 1252:ISBN 1214:OCLC 1092:OCLC 1071:2019 1045:ISBN 1005:2018 986:ISSN 933:OCLC 906:ISBN 880:2018 812:2018 768:2018 728:link 710:OCLC 677:2019 651:2018 615:2018 578:OCLC 549:ISBN 328:and 217:gold 209:lead 189:2015 163:2015 159:2015 140:1866 136:1866 106:Type 2565:Rox 2550:Fay 2258:". 1783:CNN 2641:: 2355:: 2340:, 2295:. 2161:: 2157:. 2126:. 2099:. 2095:. 2064:. 2037:. 2033:. 2002:. 1951:. 1925:. 1904:}} 1900:{{ 1861:. 1857:. 1781:. 1769:^ 1696:^ 1530:^ 1427:. 1350:. 1346:. 1334:^ 1322:}} 1318:{{ 1279:. 1275:. 1226:^ 1061:. 1013:^ 992:. 982:39 980:. 976:. 945:^ 888:^ 870:. 866:. 862:. 836:^ 796:. 776:^ 754:. 736:^ 724:}} 720:{{ 688:^ 679:. 659:^ 623:^ 572:. 533:^ 481:. 352:, 267:. 2593:‡ 2327:e 2320:t 2313:v 2254:" 2245:" 2230:. 2208:. 2186:. 2172:. 2142:. 2111:. 2080:. 2049:. 2018:. 1965:. 1936:. 1910:) 1896:. 1873:. 1824:. 1797:. 1763:. 1720:. 1690:. 1663:. 1636:. 1610:. 1583:. 1556:. 1524:. 1497:. 1470:. 1443:. 1395:. 1362:. 1328:) 1314:. 1291:. 1260:. 1073:. 1053:. 1007:. 914:. 882:. 814:. 770:. 730:) 716:. 653:. 617:. 584:. 557:. 165:) 142:)

Index


United States Geological Survey
Lincoln County, Nevada
37°20′46″N 115°46′09″W / 37.3462°N 115.7692°W / 37.3462; -115.7692
Open-pit
underground
United States Government
Lincoln County, Nevada
silver chloride
lead
silver
gold
World War II
Nevada Test Site
eminent domain
Miranda Du
Paleozoic
Tertiary
Southern Paiute
Comstock Lode
Groom Range
Wheeler Survey
patent
Indian Springs
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Austria-Hungary
Las Vegas and Tonopah Railroad
a dirt road leading off towards the horizon
gravity and flotation
concentration mill

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.