135:
999:
758:(UVM) in 1791. However, neither institution was a "state university" in the modern sense of the term until many decades later. Castleton began as the Rutland County Grammar School. It did not become a postsecondary institution until the campus became home to the State Normal School in 1867. Although the school became state-supported at that time, its campus remained privately owned until 1912. UVM was chartered as a private institution and did not become a public university until 1865. The first institution in New England to actually operate as a public university is
599:
33:
588:
748:, was designated as a state university by acts of the legislature in 1945 and 1956. It became a 'System' with the absorptions of Newark University in 1946 and The College of South Jersey in 1950, becoming Rutgers' Newark and Camden campuses, respectively. Rutgers was chartered in 1766, nineteen years before the University of Georgia, but did not become the State University of New Jersey for another 179 years.
717:, was founded as a high school, it taught college-level classes from its creation, and its graduates were accepted into four-year colleges as sophomores or juniors, effectively making it a combination of a modern high school and community college. The school eventually dropped high school instruction, but remained a community college until becoming a four-year institution in 1963.
777:(1804) was the first state school so established in the territory (and is also the oldest state university that has continuously operated as a public institution), with the other developing states similarly creating public universities to serve the citizens. On a national basis, the state university system was also assisted by the establishment of the
740:'s state university system. Facing the embarrassment of being the only state left that had not established a state university, the New Jersey Legislature decided to commission an already existing private university as its state university, rather than build one from the ground up, as other states had done.
1032:
In some cases, the unqualified name now has no official status, but is used informally for either an individual university (particularly in sporting and similar contexts) or for the university system of which it is now part (particularly in administrative and academic contexts). Examples include:
885:
There are several states with hybrid in-between arrangements, such as Hawaii, Indiana, and South
Carolina, where the systemwide leader of the state university retains direct executive control over the original flagship campus but also supervises the leaders of all other campuses in the system. As
708:
is the country's first chartered public university, established on
January 27, 1785, by an act of the General Assembly of Georgia. However, the University of Georgia did not hold classes until 16 years later in the fall of 1801. The first collegiate-level classes conducted by a public institution
691:
State universities get subsidies from their states. The amount of the subsidy varies from university to university and state to state, but the effect is to lower tuition costs below those of private universities for students from that state or district. As more
Americans have attended college and
700:
State university systems were a product of the demand for higher education in the newly formed United States. The tradition of publicly funded state colleges began primarily in the southern states, where in the east and northeastern states other private educational institutions were already
890:
has pointed out, this requires considerable tact on the part of the systemwide leader: "How would the other campus leaders see themselves in such an arrangement?" However, it is more common for the flagship campus to have its own leader distinct from the systemwide leader.
732:
was originally chartered as Blount
College in 1794, but had a very difficult beginning—graduating only one student—and did not begin receiving the promised state funds until 1807 when it was renamed East Tennessee University.
724:, while chartered four years after Georgia in 1789, was the first state university to hold classes. Classes began at UNC in 1795, and UNC is the only state university to have graduated students in the 18th century. The
687:
normally means a single legal entity and administration, but may consist of several institutions, each with its own identity as a university. Some states—such as
California and Texas—support more than one such system.
869:
At one end of the spectrum is the
University of California, in which each campus has a chancellor as its chief executive officer. All chancellors report as equals to a systemwide president, who in turn reports to a
865:
There is much diversity between the states in terms of how governing power is distributed between boards of regents (or trustees), presidents, chancellors, provosts, and other senior university executives.
667:
colleges and universities, at which attendance is limited to military personnel and government employees. Members of foreign militaries and governments also attend some schools. These schools include the
371:
878:
identity and a systemwide chief executive officer empowered to establish uniform policies across multiple campuses and to supervise the chief executive officer of each campus. Instead, the
965:
In some cases, the unqualified name has become the official name of the university system that includes the institution which is the original bearer of the name. Examples include:
773:. It stated: "Religion, morality, and knowledge, being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged."
1082:
857:
as its community college system. Texas has seven state university systems (one of which currently consists of only one institution), plus one independent public university.
576:
180:
485:
184:
1273:
1009:
In other cases, the unqualified name remains the official name of an individual institution which is now part of a larger university system. Examples include:
709:
were at another
Georgia institution, the Academy of Richmond County, chartered in 1783 with instruction beginning in 1785. While the academy, later known as
458:
256:
1278:
534:
480:
342:
524:
189:
433:
1110:
512:
990:
627:
465:
361:
350:
701:
established. There remains significant debate about which institution or institutions are the oldest public universities in the United States.
558:
366:
290:
981:
822:
in administration and also to raise the prestige of the degrees granted by some smaller institutions. A prominent example of this is the
721:
423:
413:
356:
1236:
391:
300:
97:
692:
private tuition rates have increased well beyond the rate of inflation, admission to state universities has become more competitive.
470:
448:
310:
194:
69:
566:
517:
50:
1283:
910:
900:
871:
664:
507:
453:
295:
151:
1132:
562:
490:
273:
76:
570:
418:
320:
219:
209:
17:
926:
475:
408:
337:
283:
261:
251:
754:
in
Vermont is the oldest state university in New England, chartered in 1787. This was soon followed by the charter of The
1072:
1042:
934:
620:
495:
278:
241:
83:
1244:
972:
396:
305:
246:
1209:
1165:
116:
1172:
In his memoirs, Kerr explained how he had to put down a short-lived proposal to switch over UC to the Kansas system.
65:
653:
529:
214:
204:
789:
782:
669:
266:
199:
613:
160:
54:
765:
Consideration of public higher education was included in the earliest westward expansion of the U.S. with the
1036:
854:
236:
845:
was widely adopted. Some states have more than one state university system. For example, California has the
1128:
1025:
1016:
977:
823:
725:
386:
850:
1102:
1077:
942:
759:
677:
1193:
986:
673:
500:
332:
134:
90:
1057:
968:
846:
800:
710:
403:
879:
778:
729:
43:
874:. At the other end is Kansas, where there is no true state university system with a systemwide
788:
Many state universities were founded in the middle 19th century, in particular supported by the
930:
1189:
1155:
1157:
The Gold and the Blue: A Personal Memoir of the
University of California, 1949–1967, Volume 1
1021:
1012:
1002:
938:
755:
745:
705:
376:
139:
1252:
946:
751:
657:
603:
438:
428:
381:
1124:
8:
1067:
998:
770:
766:
736:
Determining which state university was the "first" is further complicated by the case of
819:
741:
714:
660:. These systems constitute the majority of public-funded universities in the country.
1240:
1205:
1161:
1062:
914:
835:
645:
138:
South
Engineering Research Center, a College for Education in engineering within the
592:
129:
Group of public universities supported by an individual state in the United States
1185:
887:
774:
918:
1267:
1197:
808:
443:
827:
818:, many state universities were merged with smaller institutions to achieve
815:
804:
649:
1202:
Leading Colleges and Universities: Lessons from Higher Education Leaders
957:
During the growth and restructuring of the state systems, names such as
922:
737:
728:
was chartered in 1801 and held classes for the first time in 1805. The
882:
directly supervises the presidents of all Kansas public universities.
762:
in Massachusetts, which has been public since its founding in 1838.
32:
831:
554:
841:
During the 1970s, further mergers took place and the concept of a
937:. In these states, colleges focus primarily on awarding two-year
906:
744:, which had previously been a private school affiliated with the
1204:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 245–252.
1083:
List of state and territorial universities in the United States
587:
1160:. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 206–218.
875:
796:
663:
State university systems should not be confused with
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1190:"Leading a Public Flagship within a State System"
1147:
905:Some states maintain a separate system for state
1265:
1239:" — history of the systems, October 5, 1998, by
826:, which is the largest comprehensive system of
1274:Public university systems in the United States
989:, originally referring only to the campus at
980:, originally referring only to the campus at
971:, originally referring only to the campus at
621:
722:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1279:Flagship universities in the United States
628:
614:
853:as four-year university systems, and the
195:History of education in the United States
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1180:
1178:
1113:from the original on September 20, 2023.
997:
945:, while universities focus on four-year
133:
961:have changed their meanings over time.
901:Community colleges in the United States
894:
14:
1266:
1250:
1184:
1135:from the original on December 15, 2012
1259:. Texas State Historical Association.
1251:Battle, W. J. (September 12, 2023) .
1175:
220:History of education in New York City
210:History of education in Massachusetts
1153:
1117:
927:California Community Colleges System
55:adding citations to reliable sources
26:
1237:The Future of Flagship Universities
1103:"Education System State University"
1073:Argentine university reform of 1918
935:Technical College System of Georgia
644:in the United States is a group of
24:
1245:University of California, Berkeley
25:
1295:
1229:
952:
795:Many state universities—such as
790:Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts
783:Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts
597:
586:
215:History of education in Missouri
205:History of education in Kentucky
31:
1253:"University of Texas at Austin"
1058:University system#United States
769:of 1787, which established the
670:United States service academies
200:History of education in Chicago
42:needs additional citations for
1284:Types of university or college
1243:, historian and Chancellor of
1095:
1024:, flagship institution of the
1015:, flagship institution of the
535:Full-service community schools
13:
1:
1088:
925:system. Examples include the
860:
855:California Community Colleges
1026:University of Houston System
1017:University of Alabama System
978:University of North Carolina
824:State University of New York
726:University of South Carolina
7:
1051:
949:and more advanced degrees.
851:California State University
648:supported by an individual
513:For-profit higher education
10:
1300:
1194:Trachtenberg, Stephen Joel
1078:List of community colleges
898:
760:Westfield State University
695:
466:School corporal punishment
987:University of Puerto Rico
943:professional certificates
674:Naval Postgraduate School
501:School-to-work transition
66:"State university system"
969:University of California
959:University of California
847:University of California
711:Augusta State University
604:United States portal
150:This article is part of
1125:"Short History of SUNY"
1043:University of Wisconsin
921:), distinct from their
880:Kansas Board of Regents
779:Land-grant universities
730:University of Tennessee
685:state university system
678:military staff colleges
642:state university system
322:Education policy issues
291:Environmental education
1005:
931:Florida College System
838:in the United States.
459:Standards-based reform
434:Gender achievement gap
424:Racial achievement gap
357:Educational attainment
143:
1196:; Kauvar, Gerald B.;
1022:University of Houston
1013:University of Alabama
1003:University of Houston
1001:
756:University of Vermont
746:Dutch Reformed Church
706:University of Georgia
525:Research universities
392:Student financial aid
387:Graduate unemployment
362:Post-secondary issues
338:Primary and secondary
301:Mathematics education
140:University of Alabama
137:
18:Government university
1154:Kerr, Clark (2001).
909:(often specified as
895:State college system
752:Castleton University
713:and now merged into
593:Education portal
429:Desegregation busing
382:Elite overproduction
311:Vocational education
51:improve this article
1068:National university
1037:University of Texas
939:associate's degrees
771:Northwest Territory
767:Northwest Ordinance
646:public universities
546:Levels of education
518:For-profit colleges
486:Foreign involvement
1006:
947:bachelor's degrees
915:technical colleges
911:community colleges
836:community colleges
820:economies of scale
792:of 1862 and 1890.
785:of 1862 and 1890.
742:Rutgers University
715:Augusta University
508:Community colleges
454:School segregation
372:Cost and financing
296:Language education
144:
1257:Handbook of Texas
1241:Robert M. Berdahl
1063:Public university
807:—were founded as
638:
637:
491:Special education
481:Sexual harassment
274:Medical education
228:Curriculum topics
164:
127:
126:
119:
101:
16:(Redirected from
1291:
1260:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1186:Loftin, R. Bowen
1182:
1173:
1171:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1099:
872:Board of Regents
816:Second World War
665:federally funded
658:federal district
630:
623:
616:
602:
601:
600:
591:
590:
530:Community school
449:Racial diversity
419:Achievement gaps
323:
185:in insular areas
167:
163:Education in the
162:
146:
145:
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
35:
27:
21:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1264:
1263:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1183:
1176:
1168:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1054:
955:
919:junior colleges
903:
897:
888:R. Bowen Loftin
863:
775:Ohio University
698:
634:
598:
596:
595:
585:
559:Early childhood
541:
476:School violence
409:Charter schools
321:
315:
284:Nursing degrees
262:Legal education
257:Music education
252:Civic education
190:By subject area
165:
161:
130:
123:
112:
106:
103:
60:
58:
48:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1297:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1262:
1261:
1248:
1231:
1230:External links
1228:
1225:
1224:
1210:
1198:Gee, E. Gordon
1174:
1166:
1146:
1116:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1040:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1019:
996:
995:
994:
993:
984:
975:
954:
953:Historic names
951:
896:
893:
862:
859:
814:Following the
809:normal schools
697:
694:
636:
635:
633:
632:
625:
618:
610:
607:
606:
582:
581:
580:
579:
574:
571:Post-secondary
548:
547:
543:
542:
540:
539:
538:
537:
527:
522:
521:
520:
510:
505:
504:
503:
496:Apprenticeship
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
462:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
401:
400:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
359:
354:
347:
346:
345:
343:Post-secondary
340:
329:
326:
325:
317:
316:
314:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
287:
286:
281:
279:Medical school
271:
270:
269:
259:
254:
249:
244:
242:Normal schools
239:
233:
230:
229:
225:
224:
223:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
175:
174:
170:
169:
157:
156:
128:
125:
124:
39:
37:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1296:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1213:
1211:9781421424934
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1169:
1167:9780520223677
1163:
1159:
1158:
1150:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1094:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1000:
992:
988:
985:
983:
979:
976:
974:
970:
967:
966:
964:
963:
962:
960:
950:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
902:
892:
889:
883:
881:
877:
873:
867:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
810:
806:
802:
801:Arizona State
798:
793:
791:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
747:
743:
739:
734:
731:
727:
723:
718:
716:
712:
707:
702:
693:
689:
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
666:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
631:
626:
624:
619:
617:
612:
611:
609:
608:
605:
594:
589:
584:
583:
578:
577:Organizations
575:
573:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
551:
550:
549:
545:
544:
536:
533:
532:
531:
528:
526:
523:
519:
516:
515:
514:
511:
509:
506:
502:
499:
498:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
444:School choice
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
406:
405:
402:
398:
397:Student loans
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
377:Credentialism
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
364:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
352:
348:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
334:
333:Accreditation
331:
330:
328:
327:
324:
319:
318:
312:
309:
307:
306:Sex education
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
285:
282:
280:
277:
276:
275:
272:
268:
265:
264:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
247:Art education
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
234:
232:
231:
227:
226:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
182:
179:
178:
177:
176:
172:
171:
168:
166:United States
159:
158:
155:
153:
148:
147:
141:
136:
132:
121:
118:
110:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1256:
1215:. Retrieved
1201:
1156:
1149:
1137:. Retrieved
1119:
1106:
1097:
1045:, in Madison
958:
956:
904:
884:
868:
864:
843:state system
842:
840:
828:universities
813:
805:SUNY Geneseo
794:
787:
781:, under the
764:
750:
735:
719:
703:
699:
690:
684:
682:
662:
641:
639:
553:
471:School meals
349:
149:
131:
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1217:December 2,
1039:, in Austin
991:RĂo Piedras
982:Chapel Hill
107:August 2024
1268:Categories
1089:References
933:, and the
923:university
899:See also:
861:Governance
738:New Jersey
439:Head Start
414:Inequality
267:Law school
77:newspapers
654:territory
567:Secondary
351:Financing
1200:(eds.).
1188:(2018).
1139:April 5,
1133:Archived
1111:Archived
1052:See also
973:Berkeley
907:colleges
849:and the
832:colleges
237:Literacy
181:By state
152:a series
696:History
563:Primary
173:Summary
91:scholar
1208:
1164:
1107:OPPAGA
929:, the
834:, and
803:, and
676:, and
404:Reform
367:Bubble
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1192:. In
917:, or
876:brand
650:state
98:JSTOR
84:books
1219:2020
1206:ISBN
1162:ISBN
1141:2009
1129:SUNY
941:and
797:UCLA
720:The
704:The
569:) –
555:K–12
183:and
70:news
656:or
53:by
1270::
1255:.
1177:^
1131:.
1127:.
1109:.
1105:.
913:,
830:,
811:.
799:,
683:A
680:.
672:,
652:,
640:A
565:–
557:-
154:on
1247:.
1235:"
1221:.
1170:.
1143:.
629:e
622:t
615:v
561:(
142:.
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
