202:
557:
plays a specific role in glucose metabolism determined by its pattern of tissue expression, substrate specificity, transport kinetics, and regulated expression in different physiological conditions. To date, 14 members of the GLUT/SLC2 have been identified. On the basis of sequence similarities, the
903:
The function of these new glucose transporter isoforms is still not clearly defined at present. Several of them (GLUT6, GLUT8) are made of motifs that help retain them intracellularly and therefore prevent glucose transport. Whether mechanisms exist to promote cell-surface translocation of these
1339:
Seatter MJ, De la Rue SA, Porter LM, Gould GW (February 1998). "QLS motif in transmembrane helix VII of the glucose transporter family interacts with the C-1 position of D-glucose and is involved in substrate selection at the exofacial binding site".
4163:
940:
membrane was coupled to downhill Na+ transport cross the brush border. This hypothesis was rapidly tested, refined, and extended encompass the active transport of a diverse range of molecules and ions into virtually every cell type.
4416:
1002:"Characterisation of glucose transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with plasma membrane vesicles (countertransport) and intact cells (initial uptake) with single Hxt1, Hxt2, Hxt3, Hxt4, Hxt6, Hxt7 or Gal2 transporters"
1694:
of sodium and glucose in the apical membrane of the small intestinal epithelial cell. Half a century later this idea has turned into one of the most studied of all transporter proteins (SGLT1), the sodium–glucose
2644:
1171:
Oka Y, Asano T, Shibasaki Y, Lin JL, Tsukuda K, Katagiri H, Akanuma Y, Takaku F (June 1990). "C-terminal truncated glucose transporter is locked into an inward-facing form without transport activity".
3240:
541:
associated with transport, and releases glucose to the other side of the membrane. The inner and outer glucose-binding sites are, it seems, located in transmembrane segments 9, 10, 11; also, the
3927:
2549:
4125:
3727:
936:
in 1961 was the first to formulate the cotransport concept to explain active transport. Specifically, he proposed that the accumulation of glucose in the intestinal epithelium across the
3695:
2715:
3574:
4844:
1128:
Diderich JA, Schuurmans JM, Van Gaalen MC, Kruckeberg AL, Van Dam K (December 2001). "Functional analysis of the hexose transporter homologue HXT5 in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae".
4304:
3960:
2453:
1263:
Cloherty EK, Sultzman LA, Zottola RJ, Carruthers A (November 1995). "Net sugar transport is a multistep process. Evidence for cytosolic sugar binding sites in erythrocytes".
1766:
649:. In pancreatic beta cells, free flowing glucose is required so that the intracellular environment of these cells can accurately gauge the serum glucose levels. All three
4492:
4449:
169:
611:
Levels in cell membranes are increased by reduced glucose levels and decreased by increased glucose levels. GLUT1 expression is upregulated in many tumors.
4530:
4837:
1224:"Glucose transporter oligomeric structure determines transporter function. Reversible redox-dependent interconversions of tetrameric and dimeric GLUT1"
2753:
1742:
1509:
Bell GI, Kayano T, Buse JB, Burant CF, Takeda J, Lin D, Fukumoto H, Seino S (March 1990). "Molecular biology of mammalian glucose transporters".
4921:
4830:
282:, in fasting conditions, other tissues such as the intestines, muscles, brain, and kidneys are able to produce glucose following activation of
113:
101:
5031:
904:
transporters is not yet known, but it has clearly been established that insulin does not promote GLUT6 and GLUT8 cell-surface translocation.
1580:, Miller D, Bihler I (1961). "The restrictions on possible mechanisms of intestinal transport of sugars". In Kleinzeller A, Kotyk A (eds.).
4763:
1720:
1041:
3122:
4286:
4281:
3629:
3624:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3476:
3466:
3456:
3451:
3441:
3416:
3222:
3207:
3202:
2824:
2819:
2814:
5011:
4895:
4540:
4507:
4474:
4464:
4431:
4426:
4360:
4241:
4193:
4183:
4140:
4104:
4099:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4004:
3994:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3810:
3795:
3790:
3775:
3742:
3709:
3619:
3579:
3336:
3308:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3260:
3255:
3103:
3099:
3090:
3048:
2872:
2862:
2852:
2784:
2730:
2664:
2649:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2324:
2225:
2220:
2190:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2031:
1585:
5006:
4890:
2425:
2415:
2400:
2362:
2357:
2175:
2099:
2026:
474:
3028:
486:
462:
450:
437:
424:
407:
394:
381:
368:
352:
340:
333:
4558:
4084:
1561:
545:
motif located in the seventh transmembrane segment could be involved in the selection and affinity of transported substrate.
189:
2284:
1953:
5111:
3426:
2920:
1846:
1841:
1735:
1710:
4812:
4713:
3880:
2842:
2140:
2054:
1811:
5101:
2905:
1981:
1826:
1416:
Thorens B (April 1996). "Glucose transporters in the regulation of intestinal, renal, and liver glucose fluxes".
5116:
4753:
4733:
4728:
4699:
2804:
2606:
2601:
2380:
1728:
177:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
357:
537:
binding site toward either the outside or the inside of the cell. Binding of glucose to one site provokes a
5081:
5050:
5041:
4905:
4864:
4723:
1750:
304:. The transport proteins are mainly from the Hxt family, but many other transporters have been identified.
5106:
965:
4853:
3647:
3278:
2150:
1759:
173:
4708:
2596:
960:
533:
according to a model of alternate conformation, which predicts that the transporter exposes a single
125:
130:
4758:
2580:
2347:
1714:
605:
542:
296:
697:
Is a high-affinity isoform, allowing it to transport even in times of low glucose concentrations.
230:. Because glucose is a vital source of energy for all life, these transporters are present in all
4718:
4350:
2976:
2079:
601:
1582:
Membrane
Transport and Metabolism. Proceedings of a Symposium held in Prague, August 22–27, 1960
884:
865:
853:
812:
893:
841:
829:
797:
782:
763:
1090:
Boles E, Hollenberg CP (August 1997). "The molecular genetics of hexose transport in yeasts".
4856:
4694:
4216:
3401:
3326:
2720:
2591:
2586:
2160:
1762:
787:
538:
534:
301:
267:
227:
4791:
4786:
2155:
1377:"Cysteine-scanning mutagenesis of transmembrane segment 7 of the GLUT1 glucose transporter"
1180:
604:. However, it is responsible for the low level of basal glucose uptake required to sustain
156:
621:
Is a bidirectional transporter, allowing glucose to flow in 2 directions. Is expressed by
8:
4383:
2089:
892:
Most members of classes II and III have been identified recently in homology searches of
4822:
1184:
2145:
1673:
1624:
1534:
1486:
1461:
1204:
1153:
1103:
1018:
1001:
670:
1240:
1223:
106:
1665:
1616:
1557:
1526:
1491:
1433:
1398:
1357:
1321:
1280:
1245:
1196:
1145:
1107:
1023:
514:
164:
1677:
1628:
1538:
1157:
45:
4586:
2687:
1751:
1682:
The insight from this time that remains in all current text books is the notion of
1660:
1655:
1643:
1608:
1518:
1481:
1473:
1425:
1388:
1349:
1311:
1272:
1235:
1208:
1188:
1137:
1099:
1013:
730:-regulated glucose transporter. Responsible for insulin-regulated glucose storage.
215:
152:
94:
1429:
118:
58:
4670:
1755:
1687:
1683:
1599:
Wright EM, Turk E (February 2004). "The sodium/glucose cotransport family SLC5".
1577:
933:
925:
917:
716:
712:
646:
522:
283:
223:
70:
4976:
4946:
1477:
897:
720:
708:
650:
271:
235:
1612:
1316:
1299:
690:(where it is believed to be the main glucose transporter isoform), and in the
5095:
5066:
5021:
5016:
4996:
4981:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4686:
1522:
1393:
1376:
955:
622:
376:
high/intermediate-affinity glucose transporter; induced by low glucose level
1686:
published originally as an appendix to a symposium paper published in 1960 (
1300:"Structural analysis of the GLUT1 facilitative glucose transporter (review)"
5001:
1691:
1669:
1620:
1495:
1402:
1325:
1149:
1027:
950:
937:
929:
921:
876:
786:), found in the small and large intestine, transporting glucose out of the
642:
593:
566:
Class I comprises the well-characterized glucose transporters GLUT1-GLUT4.
243:
1530:
1437:
1361:
1284:
1249:
1200:
1111:
4309:
3765:
3361:
2562:
597:
416:
1276:
633:. It is also present in the basolateral membrane of the small intestine
4745:
3903:
772:
638:
634:
630:
509:
GLUTs are integral membrane proteins that contain 12 membrane-spanning
279:
275:
82:
1353:
1127:
4991:
4986:
4885:
4880:
4682:
1192:
802:
658:
518:
495:
329:
259:
247:
1141:
637:. Bidirectionality is required in liver cells to uptake glucose for
4276:
4271:
4266:
4198:
3815:
3556:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3486:
3481:
3471:
3461:
3446:
3436:
3431:
3421:
3411:
3406:
3396:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3217:
3212:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
2942:
2809:
2136:
768:
691:
662:
65:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4568:
4563:
4535:
4512:
4502:
4497:
4469:
4459:
4454:
4421:
4365:
4355:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4188:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4145:
4135:
4130:
4107:
4094:
4089:
4023:
4018:
4009:
3999:
3970:
3965:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3909:
3885:
3862:
3805:
3800:
3785:
3780:
3770:
3747:
3737:
3732:
3704:
3699:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3371:
3366:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3331:
3303:
3298:
3250:
3245:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3085:
3076:
3067:
3062:
3053:
3043:
3038:
3033:
2987:
2982:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2867:
2857:
2847:
2779:
2735:
2725:
2697:
2692:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2559:
2554:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2488:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2435:
2430:
2329:
2319:
2314:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2036:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1262:
920:
presented for the first time his discovery of the sodium-glucose
727:
666:
654:
554:
526:
510:
263:
219:
205:
201:
77:
419:
and low glucose conditions. Transcription repressed by glucose.
363:
low-affinity glucose transporter; induced by high glucose level
328:
low-glucose sensor; repressed by glucose; low expression level;
4767:
4164:
System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino-acid transporter
3856:
3391:
2938:
2420:
2410:
2405:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2352:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2185:
2180:
2170:
2165:
2132:
2094:
2084:
2074:
2069:
2059:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1963:
1958:
1909:
1899:
1894:
1836:
1831:
1821:
1816:
913:
896:
databases and the sequence information provided by the various
872:
860:
848:
807:
792:
735:
687:
530:
239:
231:
184:
2915:
2910:
2064:
1904:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
836:
824:
777:
758:
702:
681:
626:
616:
589:
583:
415:
Moderate glucose affinity. Abundant during stationary phase,
1466:
American
Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
592:
tissues. In the adult, it is expressed at highest levels in
4398:
4393:
4388:
2289:
1338:
321:
146:
89:
52:
40:
1812:
high affinity glutamate and neutral amino-acid transporter
1690:
et al. 1960). The key point here was 'flux coupling', the
907:
4852:
1000:
Maier A, Völker B, Boles E, Fuhrmann GF (December 2002).
932:
was the first ever proposal of flux coupling in biology.
2258:
cationic amino-acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
999:
2283:
glycoprotein-associated/light or catalytic subunits of
1554:
Medical
Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch
5051:
5042:
4906:
4865:
4417:
Na-independent, system-L like amino-acid transporter
1508:
1170:
924:
as the mechanism for intestinal glucose absorption.
558:
GLUT family has been divided into three subclasses.
1644:"Facts, fantasies and fun in epithelial physiology"
1576:
5093:
1221:
1459:
1089:
504:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
676:Is a high-frequency and low-affinity isoform.
4838:
1736:
386:Vm = 18.5, Kd = 0.078, Km = 28.6/34.2 - 60 mM
289:
1374:
1297:
442:Vm = 11.7, Kd = 0.039, Km = 1.3, 1.9, 1.5 mM
253:
3123:organic cation/anion/zwitterion transporter
1444:
16:Family of monosaccharide transport proteins
4845:
4831:
2645:human Na-sulfate/carboxylate cotransporter
1743:
1729:
1598:
1462:"Glucose transporters in the 21st Century"
1042:"List of possible glucose transporters in
429:Vm = 11.4, Kd = 0.029, Km = 0.9/14, 1.5 mM
402:intermediate-affinity glucose transporter
347:high-glucose sensor; low expression level
1713:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
1659:
1485:
1392:
1315:
1239:
1222:Hebert DN, Carruthers A (November 1992).
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1017:
1711:Glucose+Transport+Proteins,+Facilitative
1545:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
801:), recently has been found to transport
481:involved in pleiotropic drug resistance
469:involved in pleiotropic drug resistance
270:and, thus, are involved only in glucose
200:
3241:Na+-dependent ascorbic acid transporter
1460:Thorens B, Mueckler M (February 2010).
1415:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
908:Discovery of sodium-glucose cotransport
5094:
3029:Organic anion-transporting polypeptide
1375:Hruz PW, Mueckler MM (December 1999).
1123:
1121:
665:) are transported from the intestinal
300:glucose transport takes place through
4826:
4668:
4607:
4332:
4085:proton-coupled amino-acid transporter
3838:
3010:
2531:
2285:heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
1954:heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
1793:
1778:
1724:
1551:
1056:
600:cells of barrier tissues such as the
5056:Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 2
5047:Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 1
4911:Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 2
4870:Tooltip Sodium-glucose transporter 1
2550:proton coupled metal ion transporter
1641:
978:
491:Vm = 17.5, Kd = 0.043, Km = 1.5, 1.6
4126:sugar-phosphate/phosphate exchanger
3728:facilitative nucleoside transporter
1381:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1228:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1118:
13:
3928:type II Na-phosphate cotransporter
2141:sodium:neurotransmitter symporters
1556:. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 995.
1418:The American Journal of Physiology
1104:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00346.x
1019:10.1111/j.1567-1364.2002.tb00121.x
14:
5128:
3881:Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
2843:Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
2716:proton oligopeptide cotransporter
1704:
749:
389:low-affinity glucose transporter
262:cells are unable to produce free
234:. The GLUT or SLC2A family are a
218:that facilitate the transport of
888:), primarily expressed in brain.
645:, and release of glucose during
266:because they lack expression of
3696:Na-coupled nucleoside transport
3575:multifunctional anion exchanger
2906:vesicular monoamine transporter
1635:
1592:
1570:
1502:
1409:
1368:
399:Vm = 12.0, Kd = 0.049, Km = 6.2
1661:10.1113/expphysiol.2007.037523
1332:
1291:
1256:
1215:
1164:
1034:
242:. 14 GLUTS are encoded by the
1:
5082:Receptor/signaling modulators
4669:
4559:multidrug and toxin extrusion
3648:fatty acid transport proteins
1865:facilitative GLUT transporter
1430:10.1152/ajpgi.1996.270.4.G541
1298:Hruz PW, Mueckler MM (2001).
1241:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)35912-X
971:
141:Available protein structures:
4333:
4305:basolateral iron transporter
3961:nucleoside-sugar transporter
3839:
3011:
2532:
2454:sodium bile salt cotransport
2055:sodium glucose cotransporter
1779:
505:Glucose transport in mammals
7:
5029:Antisense oligonucleotides:
4608:
1794:
1760:membrane transport proteins
944:
278:. Usually produced only in
10:
5133:
5112:Integral membrane proteins
4854:Sodium-glucose transporter
4493:Putative sugar transporter
1478:10.1152/ajpendo.00712.2009
1304:Molecular Membrane Biology
561:
525:. GLUT proteins transport
290:Glucose transport in yeast
5075:
5040:
4904:
4863:
4808:
4744:
4681:
4677:
4664:
4614:
4603:
4579:
4551:
4523:
4485:
4442:
4409:
4376:
4343:
4339:
4328:
4297:
4209:
4156:
4118:
4077:
3953:
3920:
3896:
3873:
3849:
3845:
3834:
3758:
3720:
3688:
3640:
3567:
3319:
3271:
3233:
3115:
3021:
3017:
3006:
2969:
2931:
2898:
2835:
2746:
2708:
2680:
2637:
2573:
2542:
2538:
2527:
2446:
2373:
2340:
2251:
2125:
2047:
1974:
1945:
1857:
1804:
1800:
1789:
1785:
1774:
1613:10.1007/s00424-003-1063-6
1586:Czech Academy of Sciences
1317:10.1080/09687680110072140
1092:FEMS Microbiology Reviews
966:GLUT2 deficiency syndrome
961:GLUT1 deficiency syndrome
588:Is widely distributed in
553:Each glucose transporter
254:Synthesis of free glucose
183:
163:
145:
140:
136:
124:
112:
100:
88:
76:
64:
51:
39:
31:
26:
21:
4813:solute carrier disorders
4450:Choline-like transporter
2581:electroneutral cation-Cl
1715:Medical Subject Headings
1523:10.2337/diacare.13.3.198
1394:10.1074/jbc.274.51.36176
548:
513:with both the amino and
297:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
5102:Carbohydrate metabolism
4351:Magnesium transporter E
1982:bicarbonate transporter
1648:Experimental Physiology
4746:Antiporter (exchanger)
1642:Boyd CA (March 2008).
445:high glucose affinity
432:high glucose affinity
360:: 100 mM, 129 - 107 mM
238:that is found in most
208:
5117:Solute carrier family
4217:metal ion transporter
3327:mitochondrial carrier
2977:type III Na-phosphate
820:Class III comprises:
788:endoplasmic reticulum
743:similarity to GLUT3
629:cells and pancreatic
539:conformational change
457:low expression level
302:facilitated diffusion
268:glucose-6-phosphatase
250:transporter protein.
228:facilitated diffusion
226:, a process known as
204:
754:Class II comprises:
686:Expressed mostly in
246:. GLUT is a type of
214:are a wide group of
212:Glucose transporters
4384:Ammonia transporter
3279:Na/(Ca-K) exchanger
1588:. pp. 439–449.
1424:(4 Pt 1): G541-53.
1277:10.1021/bi00047a002
1185:1990Natur.345..550O
1006:FEMS Yeast Research
912:In August 1960, in
740:Expressed in testes
602:blood–brain barrier
5107:Transport proteins
4531:Folate transporter
1952:heavy subunits of
882:transporter HMIT (
671:portal circulation
209:
5089:
5088:
4820:
4819:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4599:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4319:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2518:
1752:Membrane proteins
1563:978-1-4160-2328-9
1552:Boron WF (2003).
1354:10.1021/bi972322u
1271:(47): 15395–406.
747:
746:
502:
501:
216:membrane proteins
199:
198:
195:
194:
190:structure summary
5124:
5057:
5053:
5048:
5044:
4912:
4908:
4871:
4867:
4847:
4840:
4833:
4824:
4823:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4679:
4678:
4666:
4665:
4605:
4604:
4587:Heme transporter
4341:
4340:
4330:
4329:
3847:
3846:
3836:
3835:
3019:
3018:
3008:
3007:
2688:urea transporter
2540:
2539:
2529:
2528:
1802:
1801:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1776:
1775:
1756:carrier proteins
1745:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1698:
1697:
1663:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1489:
1457:
1442:
1441:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1387:(51): 36176–80.
1372:
1366:
1365:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1319:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1243:
1234:(33): 23829–38.
1219:
1213:
1212:
1193:10.1038/345550a0
1168:
1162:
1161:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1087:
1054:
1053:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1021:
997:
928:'s discovery of
596:and also in the
569:
568:
515:carboxyl termini
373:Km = 1.5 - 10 mM
307:
306:
138:
137:
19:
18:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5071:
5055:
5046:
5036:
4910:
4900:
4869:
4859:
4851:
4821:
4816:
4796:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4740:
4703:
4673:
4648:
4610:
4591:
4575:
4547:
4519:
4481:
4438:
4405:
4372:
4335:
4316:
4293:
4205:
4152:
4114:
4073:
3949:
3916:
3892:
3869:
3841:
3822:
3754:
3716:
3684:
3636:
3563:
3315:
3267:
3229:
3111:
3013:
2994:
2965:
2927:
2894:
2831:
2754:monocarboxylate
2742:
2704:
2676:
2633:
2569:
2534:
2515:
2442:
2369:
2348:Na/Ca exchanger
2336:
2247:
2121:
2043:
1970:
1941:
1853:
1796:
1781:
1770:
1749:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1640:
1636:
1601:PflĂĽgers Archiv
1597:
1593:
1575:
1571:
1564:
1550:
1546:
1507:
1503:
1458:
1445:
1414:
1410:
1373:
1369:
1337:
1333:
1296:
1292:
1261:
1257:
1220:
1216:
1179:(6275): 550–3.
1169:
1165:
1142:10.1002/yea.779
1136:(16): 1515–24.
1126:
1119:
1088:
1057:
1040:
1039:
1035:
998:
979:
974:
947:
918:Robert K. Crane
910:
898:genome projects
771:transporter in
752:
717:skeletal muscle
713:striated muscle
709:adipose tissues
651:monosaccharides
647:gluconeogenesis
564:
551:
523:plasma membrane
517:exposed on the
507:
292:
284:gluconeogenesis
256:
240:mammalian cells
224:plasma membrane
102:OPM superfamily
17:
12:
11:
5:
5130:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5087:
5086:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5069:
5060:
5058:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5025:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4977:Luseogliflozin
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4947:Enavogliflozin
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4915:
4913:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4874:
4872:
4861:
4860:
4850:
4849:
4842:
4835:
4827:
4818:
4817:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4774:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4697:
4691:
4689:
4675:
4674:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4347:
4345:
4337:
4336:
4326:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4122:
4120:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3912:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3853:
3851:
3843:
3842:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3724:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3025:
3023:
3015:
3014:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2979:cotransporter
2973:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2583:cotransporter
2577:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2557:
2546:
2544:
2536:
2535:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2381:Na/H exchanger
2377:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1808:
1806:
1798:
1797:
1783:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1763:solute carrier
1748:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1706:
1705:External links
1703:
1700:
1699:
1695:cotransporter.
1634:
1591:
1569:
1562:
1544:
1517:(3): 198–208.
1501:
1443:
1408:
1367:
1331:
1290:
1255:
1214:
1163:
1117:
1055:
1033:
976:
975:
973:
970:
969:
968:
963:
958:
953:
946:
943:
909:
906:
890:
889:
870:
858:
846:
834:
818:
817:
805:
790:
775:
751:
750:Classes II/III
748:
745:
744:
741:
738:
732:
731:
724:
721:cardiac muscle
705:
699:
698:
695:
684:
678:
677:
674:
669:cell into the
619:
613:
612:
609:
586:
580:
579:
576:
573:
563:
560:
550:
547:
506:
503:
500:
499:
492:
489:
483:
482:
479:
477:
471:
470:
467:
465:
459:
458:
455:
453:
447:
446:
443:
440:
434:
433:
430:
427:
421:
420:
413:
410:
404:
403:
400:
397:
391:
390:
387:
384:
378:
377:
374:
371:
365:
364:
361:
355:
349:
348:
345:
343:
337:
336:
326:
324:
318:
317:
314:
311:
291:
288:
255:
252:
236:protein family
197:
196:
193:
192:
187:
181:
180:
167:
161:
160:
150:
143:
142:
134:
133:
128:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
104:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
56:
49:
48:
43:
37:
36:
33:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5129:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5084:
5083:
5080:
5074:
5068:
5067:Sotagliflozin
5065:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5054:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5023:
5022:Velagliflozin
5020:
5018:
5017:Tofogliflozin
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4997:Remogliflozin
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4982:Mizagliflozin
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4972:Licogliflozin
4970:
4968:
4967:Janagliflozin
4965:
4963:
4962:Ipragliflozin
4960:
4958:
4957:Henagliflozin
4955:
4953:
4952:Ertugliflozin
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4942:Empagliflozin
4940:
4938:
4937:Dapagliflozin
4935:
4933:
4932:Canagliflozin
4930:
4928:
4927:Bexagliflozin
4925:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4909:
4903:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4848:
4843:
4841:
4836:
4834:
4829:
4828:
4825:
4815:
4814:
4807:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4781:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4688:
4687:Cotransporter
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4667:
4663:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4606:
4602:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4331:
4327:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3952:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3837:
3833:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3105:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3009:
3005:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2526:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2339:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1746:
1741:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1654:(3): 303–14.
1653:
1649:
1645:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1573:
1565:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:Diabetes Care
1505:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1472:(2): E141-5.
1471:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1348:(5): 1322–6.
1347:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1310:(3): 183–93.
1309:
1305:
1301:
1294:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1098:(1): 85–111.
1097:
1093:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1044:S. cerevisiae
1037:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1012:(4): 539–50.
1011:
1007:
1003:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
977:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
956:Cotransporter
954:
952:
949:
948:
942:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
905:
901:
899:
895:
887:
886:
881:
879:
874:
871:
868:
867:
862:
859:
856:
855:
850:
847:
844:
843:
838:
835:
832:
831:
826:
823:
822:
821:
815:
814:
809:
806:
804:
800:
799:
794:
791:
789:
785:
784:
779:
776:
774:
770:
766:
765:
760:
757:
756:
755:
742:
739:
737:
734:
733:
729:
725:
722:
718:
714:
710:
707:Expressed in
706:
704:
701:
700:
696:
693:
689:
685:
683:
680:
679:
675:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:renal tubular
620:
618:
615:
614:
610:
608:in all cells.
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
585:
582:
581:
577:
574:
571:
570:
567:
559:
556:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
497:
493:
490:
488:
485:
484:
480:
478:
476:
473:
472:
468:
466:
464:
461:
460:
456:
454:
452:
449:
448:
444:
441:
439:
436:
435:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
418:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
375:
372:
370:
367:
366:
362:
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
346:
344:
342:
339:
338:
335:
331:
327:
325:
323:
320:
319:
315:
312:
309:
308:
305:
303:
299:
298:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
207:
203:
191:
188:
186:
182:
179:
175:
171:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
151:
148:
144:
139:
135:
132:
129:
127:
123:
120:
117:
115:
111:
108:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
91:
87:
84:
81:
79:
75:
72:
69:
67:
63:
60:
57:
54:
50:
47:
44:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
5078:
5077:
5063:
5028:
5002:Sergliflozin
4922:Atigliflozin
4918:
4877:
4810:
3906:transporter
3859:transporter
2945:transporter
2756:transporter
2139:- dependent
1864:
1684:Robert Crane
1681:
1651:
1647:
1637:
1607:(5): 510–8.
1604:
1600:
1594:
1581:
1572:
1553:
1547:
1514:
1510:
1504:
1469:
1465:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1345:
1342:Biochemistry
1341:
1334:
1307:
1303:
1293:
1268:
1265:Biochemistry
1264:
1258:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1133:
1129:
1095:
1091:
1049:
1043:
1036:
1009:
1005:
938:brush border
911:
902:
891:
883:
877:
864:
852:
840:
828:
819:
811:
796:
781:
762:
753:
643:glycogenesis
594:erythrocytes
575:Distribution
565:
552:
529:and related
521:side of the
508:
295:
293:
257:
244:human genome
211:
210:
5064:Inhibitors:
5032:ISIS-388626
4919:Inhibitors:
4878:Inhibitors:
3766:zinc efflux
1692:cotransport
951:Cotransport
930:cotransport
922:cotransport
773:enterocytes
606:respiration
598:endothelial
519:cytoplasmic
417:sporulation
280:hepatocytes
260:autotrophic
222:across the
114:OPM protein
27:Identifiers
5096:Categories
4857:modulators
4792:Cl-oxalate
4787:Cl-formate
4714:Na/glucose
3904:Acetyl-CoA
1584:. Prague:
972:References
875:, also H+/
639:glycolysis
635:epithelium
631:beta cells
412:Km = 10 mM
313:Properties
276:catabolism
153:structures
5079:See also:
4992:Phlorizin
4987:Phloretin
4886:Phlorizin
4881:Phloretin
4811:see also
4683:Symporter
4671:Ion pumps
880:-inositol
803:uric acid
673:by GLUT2.
659:galactose
535:substrate
498:affinity
496:galactose
330:repressor
258:Most non-
248:uniporter
83:PDOC00190
71:IPR005828
4780:(Band 3)
4764:Na/(Ca-K
4334:SLC41–48
4287:SLC39A14
4282:SLC39A13
4277:SLC39A12
4272:SLC39A11
4267:SLC39A10
4199:SLC38A10
3840:SLC31–40
3816:SLC30A10
3630:SLC26A11
3625:SLC26A10
3557:SLC25A46
3552:SLC25A45
3547:SLC25A44
3542:SLC25A43
3537:SLC25A42
3532:SLC25A41
3527:SLC25A40
3522:SLC25A39
3517:SLC25A38
3512:SLC25A37
3507:SLC25A36
3502:SLC25A35
3497:SLC25A34
3492:SLC25A33
3487:SLC25A32
3482:SLC25A31
3477:SLC25A30
3472:SLC25A29
3467:SLC25A28
3462:SLC25A27
3457:SLC25A26
3452:SLC25A25
3447:SLC25A24
3442:SLC25A23
3437:SLC25A22
3432:SLC25A21
3427:SLC25A20
3422:SLC25A19
3417:SLC25A18
3412:SLC25A17
3407:SLC25A16
3402:SLC25A15
3397:SLC25A14
3392:SLC25A13
3387:SLC25A12
3382:SLC25A11
3377:SLC25A10
3223:SLC22A20
3218:SLC22A19
3213:SLC22A18
3208:SLC22A17
3203:SLC22A16
3198:SLC22A15
3193:SLC22A14
3188:SLC22A13
3183:SLC22A12
3178:SLC22A11
3173:SLC22A10
3012:SLC21–30
2943:thiamine
2825:SLC16A14
2820:SLC16A13
2815:SLC16A12
2810:SLC16A11
2805:SLC16A10
2533:SLC11–20
2137:chloride
1780:By group
1678:41086034
1670:18192340
1629:41985805
1621:12748858
1578:Crane RK
1539:20712863
1496:20009031
1403:10593902
1326:11681785
1158:22968336
1150:11748728
1028:12702270
945:See also
769:fructose
692:placenta
663:fructose
170:RCSB PDB
66:InterPro
35:Sugar_tr
22:Sugar_tr
5012:T-1095A
4896:T-1095A
4695:Na/K,Cl
4609:SLCO1–4
4569:SLC47A2
4564:SLC47A1
4541:SLC46A2
4536:SLC46A1
4513:SLC45A4
4508:SLC54A3
4503:SLC45A2
4498:SLC45A1
4475:SLC44A5
4470:SLC44A4
4465:SLC44A3
4460:SLC44A2
4455:SLC44A1
4432:SLC43A3
4427:SLC43A2
4422:SLC43A1
4366:SLC41A3
4361:SLC41A2
4356:SLC41A1
4310:SLC40A1
4262:SLC39A9
4257:SLC39A8
4252:SLC39A7
4247:SLC39A6
4242:SLC39A5
4237:SLC39A4
4232:SLC39A3
4227:SLC39A2
4222:SLC39A1
4194:SLC38A6
4189:SLC38A5
4184:SLC38A4
4179:SLC38A3
4174:SLC38A2
4169:SLC38A1
4146:SLC37A4
4141:SLC37A3
4136:SLC37A2
4131:SLC37A1
4105:SLC36A4
4100:SLC36A3
4095:SLC36A2
4090:SLC36A1
4067:SLC35E4
4062:SLC35E3
4057:SLC35E2
4052:SLC35E1
4043:SLC35D3
4038:SLC35D2
4033:SLC35D1
4024:SLC35C2
4019:SLC35C1
4010:SLC35B4
4005:SLC35B3
4000:SLC35B2
3995:SLC35B1
3986:SLC35A5
3981:SLC35A4
3976:SLC35A3
3971:SLC35A2
3966:SLC35A1
3943:SLC34A3
3938:SLC34A2
3933:SLC34A1
3910:SLC33A1
3886:SLC32A1
3863:SLC31A1
3811:SLC30A9
3806:SLC30A8
3801:SLC30A7
3796:SLC30A6
3791:SLC30A5
3786:SLC30A4
3781:SLC30A3
3776:SLC30A2
3771:SLC30A1
3748:SLC29A4
3743:SLC29A3
3738:SLC29A2
3733:SLC29A1
3710:SLC28A3
3705:SLC28A2
3700:SLC28A1
3678:SLC27A6
3673:SLC27A5
3668:SLC27A4
3663:SLC27A3
3658:SLC27A2
3653:SLC27A1
3620:SLC26A9
3615:SLC26A8
3610:SLC26A7
3605:SLC26A6
3600:SLC26A5
3595:SLC26A4
3590:SLC26A3
3585:SLC26A2
3580:SLC26A1
3372:SLC25A9
3367:SLC25A8
3362:SLC25A7
3357:SLC25A6
3352:SLC25A5
3347:SLC25A4
3342:SLC25A3
3337:SLC25A2
3332:SLC25A1
3309:SLC24A6
3304:SLC24A5
3299:SLC24A4
3294:SLC24A3
3289:SLC24A2
3284:SLC24A1
3261:SLC23A4
3256:SLC23A3
3251:SLC23A2
3246:SLC23A1
3168:SLC22A9
3163:SLC22A8
3158:SLC22A7
3153:SLC22A6
3148:SLC22A5
3143:SLC22A4
3138:SLC22A3
3133:SLC22A2
3128:SLC22A1
3104:SLCO6A1
3100:SLCO5A1
3091:SLCO4C1
3086:SLCO4A1
3077:SLCO3A1
3068:SLCO2B1
3063:SLCO2A1
3054:SLCO1C1
3049:SLCO1B4
3044:SLCO1B3
3039:SLCO1B1
3034:SLCO1A2
2988:SLC20A2
2983:SLC20A1
2959:SLC19A3
2954:SLC19A2
2949:SLC19A1
2921:SLC18A3
2916:SLC18A2
2911:SLC18A1
2888:SLC17A9
2883:SLC17A8
2878:SLC17A7
2873:SLC17A6
2868:SLC17A5
2863:SLC17A4
2858:SLC17A3
2853:SLC17A2
2848:SLC17A1
2800:SLC16A9
2795:SLC16A8
2790:SLC16A7
2785:SLC16A6
2780:SLC16A5
2775:SLC16A4
2770:SLC16A3
2765:SLC16A2
2760:SLC16A1
2736:SLC15A4
2731:SLC15A3
2726:SLC15A2
2721:SLC15A1
2698:SLC14A2
2693:SLC14A1
2670:SLC13A5
2665:SLC13A4
2660:SLC13A3
2655:SLC13A2
2650:SLC13A1
2627:SLC12A9
2622:SLC12A8
2617:SLC12A7
2612:SLC12A6
2607:SLC12A5
2602:SLC12A4
2597:SLC12A3
2592:SLC12A2
2587:SLC12A1
2560:SLC11A2
2555:SLC11A1
2489:SLC10A7
2484:SLC10A6
2479:SLC10A5
2474:SLC10A4
2469:SLC10A3
2464:SLC10A2
2459:SLC10A1
2436:SLC9A11
2431:SLC9A10
2330:SLC7A14
2325:SLC7A13
2320:SLC7A11
2315:SLC7A10
2241:SLC6A20
2236:SLC6A19
2231:SLC6A18
2226:SLC6A17
2221:SLC6A16
2216:SLC6A15
2211:SLC6A14
2206:SLC6A13
2201:SLC6A12
2196:SLC6A11
2191:SLC6A10
1795:SLC1–10
1531:2407475
1487:2822486
1438:8928783
1362:9477959
1285:7492539
1250:1429721
1209:4264399
1201:2348864
1181:Bibcode
1112:9299703
1050:UniProt
885:SLC2A13
866:SLC2A12
854:SLC2A10
813:SLC2A11
728:insulin
726:Is the
688:neurons
667:mucosal
655:glucose
625:cells,
562:Class I
555:isoform
531:hexoses
527:glucose
511:helices
264:glucose
220:glucose
206:Glucose
131:cd17315
95:2.A.1.1
78:PROSITE
46:PF00083
5049:&
5007:T-1095
4891:T-1095
3857:copper
2939:folate
2426:SLC9A9
2421:SLC9A8
2416:SLC9A7
2411:SLC9A6
2406:SLC9A5
2401:SLC9A4
2396:SLC9A3
2391:SLC9A2
2386:SLC9A1
2363:SLC8A3
2358:SLC8A2
2353:SLC8A1
2310:SLC7A9
2305:SLC7A8
2300:SLC7A7
2295:SLC7A6
2290:SLC7A5
2277:SLC7A4
2272:SLC7A3
2267:SLC7A2
2262:SLC7A1
2186:SLC6A9
2181:SLC6A8
2176:SLC6A7
2171:SLC6A6
2166:SLC6A5
2161:SLC6A4
2156:SLC6A3
2151:SLC6A2
2146:SLC6A1
2135:- and
2133:sodium
2060:SLC5A1
1987:SLC4A1
1959:SLC3A1
1870:SLC2A1
1817:SLC1A1
1717:(MeSH)
1676:
1668:
1627:
1619:
1560:
1537:
1529:
1494:
1484:
1436:
1401:
1360:
1324:
1283:
1248:
1207:
1199:
1173:Nature
1156:
1148:
1110:
1026:
914:Prague
873:GLUT13
869:), and
861:GLUT12
849:GLUT10
842:SLC2A8
830:SLC2A6
808:GLUT11
798:SLC2A9
783:SLC2A7
764:SLC2A5
736:GLUT14
661:, and
578:Notes
316:Notes
272:uptake
185:PDBsum
159:
149:
59:CL0015
32:Symbol
5052:SGLT2
5043:SGLT1
4907:SGLT2
4866:SGLT1
4759:Na/Ca
4709:Na/Cl
4580:(48):
4552:(47):
4524:(46):
4486:(45):
4443:(44):
4410:(43):
4377:(42):
4344:(41):
4298:(40):
4210:(39):
4157:(38):
4119:(37):
4078:(36):
3954:(35):
3921:(34):
3897:(33):
3874:(32):
3850:(31):
3759:(30):
3721:(29):
3689:(28):
3641:(27):
3568:(26):
3320:(25):
3272:(24):
3234:(23):
3116:(22):
3022:(21):
2970:(20):
2932:(19):
2899:(18):
2836:(17):
2747:(16):
2709:(15):
2681:(14):
2638:(13):
2574:(12):
2543:(11):
2447:(10):
1767:TC 2A
1688:Crane
1674:S2CID
1625:S2CID
1535:S2CID
1205:S2CID
1154:S2CID
1130:Yeast
934:Crane
926:Crane
837:GLUT8
825:GLUT6
793:GLUT9
778:GLUT7
767:), a
759:GLUT5
703:GLUT4
682:GLUT3
627:liver
617:GLUT2
590:fetal
584:GLUT1
549:Types
494:high
475:Hxt11
232:phyla
4766:) -
4754:Na/H
4724:Cl/K
4719:Na/I
4700:Na/P
4644:O4A1
4639:O431
4634:O2B1
4629:O1B3
4624:O1B1
4619:O1A2
4399:RhCG
4394:RhBG
4389:RhAG
4108:36A2
2563:11A3
2511:10A7
2506:10A3
2501:10A2
2496:10A1
2374:(9):
2341:(8):
2252:(7):
2126:(6):
2048:(5):
1975:(4):
1946:(3):
1858:(2):
1805:(1):
1666:PMID
1617:PMID
1558:ISBN
1527:PMID
1492:PMID
1434:PMID
1399:PMID
1358:PMID
1322:PMID
1281:PMID
1246:PMID
1197:PMID
1146:PMID
1108:PMID
1024:PMID
719:and
711:and
641:and
572:Name
487:Gal2
463:Hxt9
451:Hxt8
438:Hxt7
425:Hxt6
408:Hxt5
395:Hxt4
382:Hxt3
369:Hxt2
353:Hxt1
341:Rgt2
334:Hxt6
322:Snf3
310:Name
274:and
178:PDBj
174:PDBe
157:ECOD
147:Pfam
119:4gc0
90:TCDB
55:clan
53:Pfam
41:Pfam
4770:HCO
4768:Cl/
1656:doi
1609:doi
1605:447
1519:doi
1482:PMC
1474:doi
1470:298
1426:doi
1422:270
1389:doi
1385:274
1350:doi
1312:doi
1273:doi
1236:doi
1232:267
1189:doi
1177:345
1138:doi
1100:doi
1014:doi
894:EST
878:myo
543:DLS
332:of
294:In
165:PDB
126:CDD
5098::
4685:,
2115:12
2110:11
2105:10
2037:11
2032:10
1935:14
1930:13
1925:12
1920:11
1915:10
1758::
1754:,
1680:.
1672:.
1664:.
1652:93
1650:.
1646:.
1623:.
1615:.
1603:.
1533:.
1525:.
1515:13
1513:.
1490:.
1480:.
1468:.
1464:.
1446:^
1432:.
1420:.
1397:.
1383:.
1379:.
1356:.
1346:37
1344:.
1320:.
1308:18
1306:.
1302:.
1279:.
1269:34
1267:.
1244:.
1230:.
1226:.
1203:.
1195:.
1187:.
1175:.
1152:.
1144:.
1134:18
1132:.
1120:^
1106:.
1096:21
1094:.
1058:^
1048:.
1022:.
1008:.
1004:.
980:^
916:,
900:.
857:),
845:),
833:),
723:).
657:,
358:Km
286:.
176:;
172:;
155:/
107:15
4846:e
4839:t
4832:v
4775:3
4734:5
4729:4
4704:3
4702:i
3698:(
3106:)
3102:(
2941:/
2100:9
2095:8
2090:7
2085:6
2080:5
2075:4
2070:3
2065:2
2027:9
2022:8
2017:7
2012:6
2007:5
2002:4
1997:3
1992:2
1964:2
1910:9
1905:8
1900:7
1895:6
1890:5
1885:4
1880:3
1875:2
1847:7
1842:6
1837:5
1832:4
1827:3
1822:2
1769:)
1765:(
1744:e
1737:t
1730:v
1658::
1631:.
1611::
1566:.
1541:.
1521::
1498:.
1476::
1440:.
1428::
1405:.
1391::
1364:.
1352::
1328:.
1314::
1287:.
1275::
1252:.
1238::
1211:.
1191::
1183::
1160:.
1140::
1114:.
1102::
1052:.
1046:"
1030:.
1016::
1010:2
863:(
851:(
839:(
827:(
816:)
810:(
795:(
780:(
761:(
715:(
694:.
653:(
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