Giuseppe Garibaldi

2465: 3321: 3658: 4311:, would devote itself to redressing wrongs, supporting the weak, sacrificing momentary gains and material advantage for the much finer and more satisfying achievement of relieving the suffering of our fellow men. We need a nation courageous enough to give us a lead in this direction. It would rally to its cause all those who are suffering wrong or who aspire to a better life, and all those who are now enduring foreign oppression. This role of world leadership, left vacant as things are today, might well be occupied by the German nation. You Germans, with your grave and philosophic character, might well be the ones who could win the confidence of others and guarantee the future stability of the international community. Let us hope, then, that you can use your energy to overcome your moth-eaten 5893:(often wrongly reported as Raimondi, but Status Animarum and Death Records all report the same name "Raimondo") Baptismal record from the Parish Church of S. Giovanni Battista in Loano: "1776, die vigesima octava Januarij. Ego Sebastianus Rocca praepositus hujus parrochialis Ecclesiae Si Joannis Baptistae praesentis loci Lodani, baptizavi infantem natam ex Josepho Raimimdi q. Bartholomei, de Cogoleto, incola Lodani, et Magdalena Conti conjugibus, cui impositum est nomen Rosa Maria Nicolecta: patrini fuerunt D. Nicolaus Borro q. Benedicti de Petra et Angela Conti Joannis Baptistae de Alessio, incola Lodani." "Il trafugamento di Giuseppe Garibaldi dalla pineta di Ravenna a Modigliana ed in Liguria, 1849, di Giovanni Mini, Vicenza 1907 – Stab. Tip. L. Fabris. 2903: 3520: 2572: 3237: 7896: 4076: 3576: 4187: 3356:—later to become a distinguished American writer—visited the city in June and described the situation, along with his meeting with Garibaldi, in a long and vivid letter to his older brother Charles. Historians Clough et al. argue that Garibaldi's Thousand were students, independent artisans, and professionals, not peasants. The support given by Sicilian peasants was not out of a sense of patriotism but from their hatred of exploitive landlords and oppressive Neapolitan officials. Garibaldi himself had no interest in social revolution and instead sided with the Sicilian landlords against the rioting peasants. 4129: 4197: 343: 2338: 3707: 2128: 4340: 2737: 3360: 7763: 4179:. His personal religious convictions are unclear to historians. In 1882, he wrote that "Man created God, not God created Man", yet he is quoted as saying in his autobiography: "I am a Christian, and I speak to Christians—I am a true Christian, and I speak to true Christians. I love and venerate the religion of Christ, because Christ came into the world to deliver humanity from slavery. You have the duty to educate the people—educate the people—educate them to be Christians—educate them to be Italians. Viva l'Italia! Viva Christianity!". 4064: 4284: 3433: 7777: 3137: 3545: 2827: 3125: 44: 2020: 2615:. The Italian Legion adopted a black flag that represented Italy in mourning, with a volcano at the centre that symbolized the dormant power in their homeland. Though contemporary sources do not mention the Redshirts, popular history asserts that the legion first wore them in Uruguay, getting them from a factory in Montevideo that had intended to export them to the slaughterhouses of Argentina. These shirts became the symbol of Garibaldi and his followers. 3909:

socialism "represented a genuine challenge to Mazzini and the Mazzinian emphasis on politics and culture; and Mazzinis' death early in 1872 only served to underline the prevailing sense that his political era was over. Garibaldi now broke definitively with Mazzini, and this time he moved to the left of him. He came out entirely in favour of the Paris Commune and internationalism, and his stance brought him much closer to the younger radicals, especially

3297: 3856: 4840:, takes over his brother's gold claim. People in Indian Creek wanted to use the gold to finance a dam, but Mandati plans to lend support to General Garibaldi and Italian reunification. Garibaldi had asked for financing and volunteers from around the world as he launched his Redshirts in July 1860 to invade Sicily and conquer the Kingdom of Naples for annexation to what would finally become the newly born Kingdom of Italy with King Victor Emmanuel II. 3406:. He feared that, should the revolutionaries succeed in conquering the entire Neapolitan state, they would then invade the Papal States, which would lead to France intervening. The Piedmontese themselves had conquered most of the Pope's territories in their march south to meet Garibaldi, but they had deliberately avoided Rome, the capital of the Papal state. Garibaldi deeply disliked Cavour. To an extent, he simply mistrusted Cavour's pragmatism and 3893:. As Italy still lacked an industrial proletariat, "Garibaldi's socialism represented most accurately craft trade-unionism and a general focus on economic egalitarianism". His socialism was a "socialism wherein the struggle against every injustice, and a love for freedom, predominated. Garibaldi was not an unpractical man, but an active witness of that kind of generosity in feelings and firm wish for justice". In the first volume of Carl Landauer's 3738: 3376: 4433: 2745: 7211:. Brescia: Editrice La Scuola. "All'apice della gloria, Giuseppe Garibaldi era forse il personaggio più celebre d'Italia. Il suo nome era molto più famoso di quello di Cavour e di Mazzini, e molta più gente avrebbe udito parlare di lui che non di Verdi o di Manzoni. All'estero, Garibaldi simboleggiava l'Italia risorgimentale di quei drammatici anni e l'intrepida audacia che tanto contribuì alla formazione della nazione italiana." 3491:, however, wrote, "Garibaldi's full-throated endorsement of the Union cause roused popular support just as news of the Emancipation Proclamation broke in Europe." On 6 August 1863, after Lincoln had issued the final Emancipation Proclamation, Garibaldi wrote to Lincoln, "Posterity will call you the great emancipator, a more enviable title than any crown could be, and greater than any merely mundane treasure." 3841:. Garibaldi suggested a grand alliance between various factions of the left: "Why don't we pull together in one organized group the Freemasonry, democratic societies, workers' clubs, Rationalists, Mutual Aid, etc., which have the same tendency towards good?". He began organizing a Congress of Unity, which was supported by many of the radical, free-thinking, and socialist groups throughout Italy such as 4876: 6240:. Open Plaques. Retrieved 14 September 2020. "Sailor / soldier Giuseppe Garibaldi 19th century Italian patriot stayed in this house in 1854 while visiting Tynemouth to brief local political and industrial leaders on his plans for a unified Italy. He was hailed throughout Europe as a true idealist and honest politician. He was born in Nice on 4th Feb 1807 and died aged 75 in Caprerra on 2nd June 1882." 2925:, arriving on 30 July 1850. However, the funds for buying a ship were lacking. While in New York, he stayed with various Italian friends, including some exiled revolutionaries. He attended the Masonic lodges of New York in 1850, where he met several supporters of democratic internationalism, whose minds were open to socialist thought, and to giving Freemasonry a strong anti-papal stance. 2646:. The Argentines, wanting to pursue him to finish him off, were stopped by Brown who exclaimed "let him escape, that gringo is a brave man." Years later, a grandson of Garibaldi would be named William, in honour of Admiral Brown. Adopting amphibious guerrilla tactics, Garibaldi later achieved two victories during 1846, in the Battle of Cerro and the Battle of San Antonio del Santo. 4258:

idealist distinctly distinct from his colder-minded contemporaries. Everything he did, he did it with passionate conviction and unlimited enthusiasm; a career full of color and unexpected shows us one of the most romantic products of the time. Moreover, he was a lovable and charming person, of transparent honesty, who was obeyed without hesitation and for whom he died happy.

3722:. The sides signed an armistice by which Austria ceded Venetia to Italy, but this result was largely due to Prussia's successes on the northern front. Garibaldi's advance through Trentino was for nought, and he was ordered to stop his advance to Trento. Garibaldi answered with a short telegram from the main square of Bezzecca with the famous motto: 3412:, but he also bore a personal grudge for Cavour's trading away his home city of Nice to the French the previous year. On the other hand, he supported the Sardinian monarch, Victor Emmanuel II, despite his dislike of royalty, who he admired as a champion of Italian independence. In his famous meeting with Victor Emmanuel at 3507:", the unification movement set its gaze on Rome and Venice. Mazzini was discontented with the perpetuation of monarchial government, and continued to agitate for a republic. Garibaldi, frustrated at inaction by the king, and bristling over perceived snubs, organized a new venture. This time, he intended to take on the 3618:, where he was held in a sort of honourable imprisonment and underwent a tedious and painful operation to heal his wound. His venture had failed, but he was consoled by Europe's sympathy and continued interest. After he regained his health, the government released Garibaldi and let him return to Caprera. 3904:, "the difference is not so large when we find what Garibaldi meant by the term. Socialism for him was nothing very revolutionary, and perhaps he flaunted the word partly because he delighted to feel that it would shock the Mazzinians." In describing the move to the left of Garibaldi and the Mazzinians, 4306:

The progress of humanity seems to have come to a halt, and you with your superior intelligence will know why. The reason is that the world lacks a nation which possesses true leadership. Such leadership, of course, is required not to dominate other peoples, but to lead them along the path of duty, to

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In 2012, Garibaldi's descendants announced that, with permission from authorities, they would have Garibaldi's remains exhumed to confirm through DNA analysis that the remains in the tomb are indeed Garibaldi's. Some anticipated that there would be a debate about whether to preserve the remains or to

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principles for the sake of unification. Garibaldi's acclaim stretched across Europe with his name revered in Britain to America and France, the tale of an Italian vagabond trekking the South American plains from battle to battle with his pregnant wife in tow, and then returning home and for the love

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By conquering Palermo, Garibaldi had won a signal victory. He gained worldwide renown and the adulation of Italians. Faith in his prowess was so strong that doubt, confusion, and dismay seized even the Neapolitan court. Six weeks later, he marched against Messina in the east of the island, winning a

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on 15 May. He used the counter-intuitive tactic of an uphill bayonet charge. He saw that the hill was terraced, and the terraces would shelter his advancing men. Though small by comparison with the coming clashes at Palermo, Milazzo, and Volturno, this battle was decisive in establishing Garibaldi's

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hero—poet, patriot, and man of action—whose inspired leadership created the Italian nation. For Trevelyan, Garibaldi was the champion of freedom, progress, and tolerance, who vanquished the despotism, reaction, and obscurantism of the Austrian empire and the Neapolitan monarchy. The books were also

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writes that this "emphasis by younger radicals on the 'social question' was paralleled by an increase in what was called 'internationalist' or socialist activity (mostly Bakuninist anarchism) throughout northern and southern Italy, which was given a big boost by the Paris Commune". The rise of this

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during his exile, taking advantage of the asylum the lodges offered to political refugees from European countries. At the age of 37, during 1844, Garibaldi was initiated in the L' Asil de la Vertud Lodge of Montevideo. This was an irregular lodge under a Brazilian Freemasonry not recognized by the

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Baptismal record: "Die 11 d.i (giugno 1766) Dominicus Antonina Filius Angeli Garibaldi q. Dom.ci et Margaritae Filiae q. Antonij Pucchj Coniugum natus die 9 huius et hodie baptizatus fuit a me Curato Levantibus Io. Bapta Pucchio q. Antonij, et Maria uxore Agostini Dassi. (Chiavari, Archive of the

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and anti-papal. His efforts to overthrow the pope by military action mobilized anti-Catholic support. On 28 September 1862, 500 Irish labourers disrupted a pro-Garibaldi meeting in London by chanting "God and Rome", which triggered weeks of ethnic conflict between Protestants and Irish Catholics.

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in the struggle for independence, subordinating his republican ideals to his nationalist ones until Italy was unified. After participating in an uprising in Piedmont, he was sentenced to death, but escaped and sailed to South America, where he spent 14 years in exile, during which he took part in

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Italy of those dramatic years and the intrepid audacity that contributed so much to the formation of the Italian nation. A professional liberator, he fought for the oppressed people wherever he found them. Despite having the temperament of the fighter and the man of action, he managed to be an

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against the attacks of their enemies: "Is it not the product of the abnormal state in which society finds itself in the world? Shouldn't a society (I mean a human society) in which the majority struggle for subsistence and the minority want to take the larger part of the product of the former

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If these hands, used to fighting, would be acceptable to His Holiness, we most thankfully dedicate them to the service of him who deserves so well of the Church and of the fatherland. Joyful indeed shall we and our companions in whose name we speak be, if we may be allowed to shed our blood in

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After the war, Garibaldi led a political party that agitated for the capture of Rome, the peninsula's ancient capital. In 1867, he again marched on the city, but the Papal army, supported by a French auxiliary force, proved a match for his badly armed volunteers. He was shot in the leg in the

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He said that the only way in which he could render service, as he ardently desired to do, to the cause of the United States, was as Commander-in-chief of its forces, that he would only go as such, and with the additional contingent power—to be governed by events—of declaring the abolition of

3560:("Rome or Death"). An enthusiastic party quickly joined him, and he turned for Messina, hoping to cross to the mainland there. He arrived with a force of around two thousand, but the garrison proved loyal to the king's instructions and barred his passage. They turned south and set sail from 3536:

had guaranteed the independence of Rome from Italy by stationing a French garrison there. Victor Emmanuel was wary of the international repercussions of attacking Rome and the pope's seat there, and discouraged his subjects from participating in revolutionary ventures with such intentions.

2899:, a wealthy Italian merchant. Carpanetto suggested that he and some of his associates finance the purchase of a merchant ship, which Garibaldi would command. Garibaldi agreed, feeling that his political goals were, for the moment, unreachable, and he could at least earn a living. 3884:

in which he declared: "The International is the sun of the future !". The letter was printed in dozens of workers' news sheets and papers, and was instrumental in persuading many fence-sitters to join the organization. After Garibaldi's death, many of his disciples embraced the

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and saw the struggle for liberty as an international affair, one which "does not make any distinction between the African and the American, the European and the Asian, and therefore proclaims the fraternity of all men whatever nation they belong to". He interpreted the

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on 27 May. He had the support of many inhabitants, who rose up against the garrison, but before they could take the city, reinforcements arrived and bombarded the city nearly to ruins. At this time, a British admiral intervened and facilitated a truce, by which the

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On 24 January 1860, Garibaldi married 18-year-old Giuseppina Raimondi. Immediately after the wedding ceremony, she informed him that she was pregnant with another man's child and Garibaldi left her the same day. At the beginning of April 1860, uprisings in

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began on 1 June. Despite the resistance of the Republican army, the French prevailed on 29 June. On 30 June the Roman Assembly met and debated three options: surrender, continue fighting in the streets, or retreat from Rome to continue resistance from the

4112:. On his deathbed, Garibaldi asked for his bed to be moved to where he could view the sea. On his death on 2 June 1882 at the age of almost 75, his wishes for a simple funeral and cremation were not respected. He was buried on his farm on the island of 3050:

and went on to New York. There he received a hostile letter from Denegri and resigned his command. Another Italian, Captain Figari, had just come to the U.S. to buy a ship and hired Garibaldi to take the ship to Europe. Figari and Garibaldi bought the

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herself, till today favourable to the Turks, has manifested to you by means of the obolus and sympathy of one of her great men that she ought to prefer the alliance and gratitude of a confederation of free peoples to the decrepit confederation of

3391:, by train. Despite taking Naples, however, he had not to this point defeated the Neapolitan army. Garibaldi's volunteer army of 24,000 was not able to conclusively defeat the reorganized Neapolitan army—about 25,000 men—on 30 September at the 2670:

While Garibaldi had little use for Masonic rituals, he was an active Freemason and regarded Freemasonry as a network that united progressive men as brothers both within nations and as a global community. Garibaldi was eventually elected as the

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The sides negotiated a truce on 1–2 July, Garibaldi withdrew from Rome with 4,000 troops, and ceded his ambition to rouse popular rebellion against the Austrians in central Italy. The French Army entered Rome on 3 July and reestablished the

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notable for their vivid evocation of landscape (Trevelyan had himself followed the course of Garibaldi's marches), for their innovative use of documentary and oral sources, and for their spirited accounts of battles and military campaigns.

4049:. Then to Broussa with the Turk! Only thus can you make yourself independent and free. On this side of the Bosphorus the fierce Ottoman will always be under the stimulant of eternal war, and you will never obtain the sacred rights of man. 4040:. And today even, among your robust populations, you may still find a Spartacus and a Leonidas. Do not trust to diplomacy. That old woman without a heart certainly deceives you. But with you are all the men of heart throughout the world. 3773:

broke out in July 1870, Italian public opinion heavily favoured the Prussians, and many Italians attempted to sign up as volunteers at the Prussian embassy in Florence. After the French garrison was recalled from Rome, the Italian Army

3629:, where many admirers visited him in his hotel. Protests by opponents of his anticlericalism were suppressed by the authorities. In London, his presence was received with enthusiasm by the population. He met the British Prime Minister 3498:

bringing together different national divisions of French, Poles, Swiss, Germans and other nationalities, with a view not just of finishing the liberation of Italy, but also of their homelands. With the motto "Free from the

3175:). Thenceforth, Garibaldi abandoned Mazzini's republican ideal of the liberation of Italy, assuming that only the Sardinian monarchy could effectively achieve it. He and his volunteers won victories over the Austrians at 2129: 3851:

despite being banned by the government, and endorsed a set of radical policies including universal suffrage, progressive taxation, compulsory lay education, administrative reform, and abolition of the death penalty.

3976:, who were, perhaps, the first civilisers of Europe. He must no longer tread upon that part of the world kept by him in misery. At Broussa, with his vices, depredations, and cruelties, he will find enough people of 6295:

Courrière, Henri (2007). "Les troubles de février 1871 à Nice. Entre particularisme, séparatisme et République" [The troubles of February 1871 in Nice. Between particularism, separatism and Republic].

3595:. One of the regulars fired a chance shot, and several volleys followed, killing a few of the volunteers. The fighting ended quickly, as Garibaldi forbade his men to return fire on fellow subjects of the 6681: 4120:

grant his final wish for a simple cremation. In 2013, personnel changes at the Ministry of Culture sidelined the exhumation plans. The new authorities were "less than enthusiastic" about the plan.

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on behalf of, and with the consent of, Victor Emmanuel II, King of Sardinia. The expedition was a success and concluded with the annexation of Sicily, Southern Italy, Marche and Umbria to the

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as an extension of the humanitarian ideals for which he had always fought. Although he did not agree with their calls for the abolition of property, Garibaldi defended the Communards and the

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of the various German states. Let us hope that in the centre of Europe you can then make a unified nation out of your fifty million. All the rest of us would eagerly and joyfully follow you.

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Garibaldi became an international figurehead for national independence and republican ideals, and is considered by twentieth-century historiography and popular culture as Italy's greatest

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stated that "Garibaldi must win by force: he is not a man; he is a symbol, a form; he is the Italian soul. Between the beats of his heart, everyone hears the beats of his own." Admiral

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slavery—that he would be of little use without the first, and without the second it would appear like a civil war in which the world at large could have little interest or sympathy.

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Trevelyan's great work was his Garibaldi trilogy (1907–11), which established his reputation as the outstanding literary historian of his generation. It depicted Garibaldi as a

3633:, as well as revolutionaries then living in exile in the city. At that time, his ambitious international project included the liberation of a range of occupied nations, such as 4307:

lead them toward the brotherhood of nations where all the barriers erected by egoism will be destroyed. We need the kind of leadership which, in the true tradition of medieval

8567: 3928:. However, he still managed to serve the Italian parliament with extreme distinction and supported an ambitious project of land reclamation in the marshy areas of southern 4828:

aired the episode "Guns for Garibaldi" to commemorate the centennial of the unification of Italy. This was the only such program to emphasize the role of Italians in pre-

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of his homeland forsaking his ambition of making Italy a republic. His exploits became legendary, and when he toured Britain in his older days he was received as a hero.

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Constitutional left, democratic currents and Italian society from 1870 to 1892: proceedings of the XXVII Tuscan historical conference (Livorno, 23–25 September 1984)

6190: 5976:""Defensores de la humanidad y la civilización". Las legiones extranjeras de Montevideo, entre el mito cosmopolita y la eclosión de las 'nacionalidades' (1838–1851)" 4567: 4529: 4425:, established a Lodge named after the great patriot in 1980. Lodge Giuseppe Garibaldi (no. 130) is still active and operates in Athens under the jurisdiction of the 8617: 8597: 2464: 2568:. This recruitment was possible as Montevideo had a large Italian population at the time: 4,205 out of a total population of 30,000 according to an 1843 census. 4436:

Ten-peso banknote, printed in Uruguay in 1887, with the image of Garibaldi (who is considered an important contributor towards the independence of Uruguay) and

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referred to Garibaldi as a "soldier of revolutionary cosmopolitanism" based on his support for liberation movements throughout the world. After the war he was

2896: 2764:, who displayed some liberal inclinations, but he treated Garibaldi with coolness and distrust. Rebuffed by the Piedmontese, he and his followers crossed into 3599:. Many of the volunteers were taken prisoner, including Garibaldi, who had been wounded by a shot in the foot. The episode was the origin of a famous Italian 3313:, "Here we either make Italy, or we die." His Neapolitan adversaries now fought for him, which led to accusations of bribery being made against their leader, 2698:

in 1846 caused a sensation among Italian patriots, both at home and in exile. Pius's initial reforms seemed to identify him as the liberal pope called for by

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In 1848, Garibaldi returned to Italy and commanded and fought in military campaigns that eventually led to Italian unification. The provisional government of

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in Italian) had been surrendered to the French in return for crucial military assistance. In April 1860, as deputy for Nice in the Piedmontese parliament at

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Sinistra costituzionale, correnti democratiche e società italiana dal 1870 al 1892: atti del XXVII Convegno storico toscano (Livorno, 23–25 settembre 1984)

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would make Germany a European and world leader that would champion humanitarian policies. This idea is apparent in the following letter Garibaldi sent to

4371:. Statues of his likeness, as well as the handshake of Teano, stand in many Italian squares, and in other countries around the world. On the top of the 8562: 8527: 4680: 5596: 5280: 3537:

Nonetheless, Garibaldi believed he had the secret support of his government. Once he was excommunicated by the pope, he chose the Protestant pastor

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Along with Giuseppe Mazzini and other Europeans, Garibaldi supported the creation of a European federation. Many Europeans expected that the 1871

3470:, the U.S. Minister at Brussels, 27 July 1861. On 9 September 1861, Sanford met with Garibaldi and reported the result of the meeting to Seward: 3304:

Swelling the ranks of his army with scattered bands of local rebels, Garibaldi led 800 volunteers to victory over an enemy force of 1,500 at the

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on Tyneside for over a month, departing at the end of April 1854. During his stay, he was presented with an inscribed sword, which his grandson

2635: 8622: 3734:, and had to withdraw from the Papal territory. The Italian government again imprisoned him for some time, after which he returned to Caprera. 2859:'s temporal power. Garibaldi and his forces, hunted by Austrian, French, Spanish, and Neapolitan troops, fled to the north, intending to reach 2526: 4789: 4375:

hill in Rome, there is a statue of Garibaldi on horseback. Many theatres in Sicily take their name from him and are named Garibaldi Theatre.

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and Sicily. In 1880, he married Francesca Armosino, with whom he previously had three children. Before the wedding, he stated he was not a

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Garibaldi's hostility to the pope's temporal domain was viewed with great distrust by Catholics around the world, and the French Emperor

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and marched north. Garibaldi's progress was met with more celebration than resistance, and on 7 September he entered the capital city of

3657: 8607: 8602: 8457: 7616:(W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2021), travelogue in which Parks and his partner retrace Garibaldi and the Garibaldini's 1849 march. 5980: 3320: 342: 3913:, and gave him a new lease on political life. From his support was born an initiative to relaunch a broad party of the radical left." 3163:(also known as the Franco-Austrian War) broke out in the midst of internal plots at the Sardinian government. Garibaldi was appointed 8592: 7947: 4391: 4355: 3873: 3869: 3448: 2753: 2723:

in January and revolutionary agitation elsewhere in Italy, encouraged Garibaldi to lead approximately 60 members of his legion home.

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Greek Freemasons, in order to honour Garibaldi's struggles for freedom and in commemoration of the Redshirts' assistance during the

2952:, and then to other parts of the region. Garibaldi accompanied Carpanetto as a companion, not a business partner, and used the name 2595:. This faction received some support from the French and British in their struggle against the forces of former Uruguayan president 6861:

Ravindranathan, T. R. (1981). "The Paris Commune and the First International in Italy: Republicanism versus Socialism, 1871–1872".

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At the height of glory, Giuseppe Garibaldi was perhaps the most famous person in Italy. His name was much more famous than that of

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of Genoa, "Yesterday I said to you: war to the death to Bonaparte. Today I say to you: rescue the French Republic by every means."

3786:, Garibaldi, undaunted by the recent hostility shown to him by the men of Napoleon III, switched his support to the newly declared 2967:, where a shipload of his goods was due, arriving late in 1851 with Garibaldi. En route, Garibaldi called on revolutionary heroine 8487: 8467: 8452: 8365: 8034: 7895: 4402:

after him. Also, a bust of Giuseppe Garibaldi is prominently placed outside the entrance to the old Supreme Court Chamber in the

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Garibaldi returned to Italy in 1854. Using an inheritance from the death of his brother, he bought half of the Italian island of

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called him "the only wholly admirable figure in modern history". In the popular telling of his story, he is associated with the

2247:, and reached the frontier of South Tyrol; the war ended with the acquisition of Lombardy. The following year, 1860, he led the 8482: 7821: 749: 62: 6977: 8657: 7695: 7676: 7591: 7167: 7060: 7026: 6622: 6377: 6343: 6279: 6010: 5926: 5868: 4794: 4513: 3877:

through deceptions and violence but without hard work, arouse discontent and thoughts of revenge amongst those who suffer?".

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In the same year, Garibaldi sought international support for altogether eliminating the papacy. At the 1867 congress for the

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dispatched a division of the regular army, under Colonel Emilio Pallavicini, against the volunteer bands. On 28 August, the

2702:, who went on to lead the unification of Italy. When news of these reforms reached Montevideo, Garibaldi wrote to the Pope: 8627: 8029: 7794: 3402:

Meanwhile, Garibaldi's victories started to cause disquiet to the Piedmont, and particularly the Sardinian Prime Minister,

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was not ready to free the slaves; Sanford's meeting with Garibaldi occurred a year before Lincoln issued the preliminary

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On 30 April 1849, the Republican army, under Garibaldi's command, defeated a numerically far superior French army at the

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Italy stamp of 1910, part of a set & San Marino stamp of 1932, issued on the 50th anniversary of Garibaldi's death

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Garibaldi's popularity, skill at rousing the common people and his military exploits are all credited with making the

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and was given a tour of the Britannia Iron Works, where he planted a tree (which was cut down in 1944 due to decay).

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and shook his hand. Garibaldi rode into Naples at the king's side on 7 November, then retired to the rocky island of

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before the creation of a unified Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861. His last military campaign took place during the

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of France. On 7 September 1870, within three days of the revolution in Paris that ended the Empire, he wrote to the

3519: 3487:. Sanford's mission was hopeless, and Garibaldi did not join the Union army. A historian of the American Civil War, 2971:. At Lima, Garibaldi was generally welcomed. A local Italian merchant, Pietro Denegri, gave him command of his ship 8537: 7842: 6198:. Universidad de Lima, Università degli Studi Roma Tre & Ministeri per i Beni e le Attività Culturali. p. 4491: 4319:

Through the years, Garibaldi was showered with admiration and praises by many intellectuals and political figures.

3806: 3460: 2441:. Mazzini was a passionate proponent of Italian unification as a liberal republic via political and social reform. 1874: 1545: 2719:, Bedini, the service of his Italian Legion for the liberation of the peninsula. Then news of the outbreak of the 1786: 8507: 8472: 7904: 7865: 4858: 4495: 2847:. Garibaldi, having entered the chamber covered in blood, made a speech favouring the third option, ending with: 2270:. He was showered with admiration and praise by many contemporary intellectuals and political figures, including 7287: 5834: 5576:

Risorgimento in Modern Italian Culture: Revisiting the Nineteenth-Century Past in History, Narrative, and Cinema

3556:

In June 1862, he sailed from Genoa to Palermo to gather volunteers for the impending campaign, under the slogan

3236: 8557: 8303: 8212: 8111: 8059: 4437: 4238: 3787: 3403: 3195: 2155: 2034: 880: 7601:

Marraro, Howard R. "Lincoln's Offer of a Command to Garibaldi: Further Light on a Disputed Point of History."

2807:

threatened to topple it. At Mazzini's urging, Garibaldi took command of the defence of Rome. In fighting near

2190:

several wars and learned the art of guerrilla warfare. In 1835 he joined the rebels known as the Ragamuffins (

1801: 8522: 7957: 2796: 2660: 2631: 2370: 2228: 1171: 388: 107: 3395:. This was the largest battle he ever fought, but its outcome was effectively decided by the arrival of the 2944:). Garibaldi was not satisfied with this, and in April 1851 he left New York with his friend Carpanetto for 1781: 8532: 8512: 8502: 8227: 7922: 4815: 4558: 3091:

reported that he refused an invitation to dine with dignitaries in the city. He stayed in Huntingdon Place

2185:

government. However, breaking with Mazzini, he pragmatically allied himself with the monarchist Cavour and

1996: 1959: 1879: 1839: 1741: 1736: 3564:, where Garibaldi declared that he would enter Rome as a victor or perish beneath its walls. He landed at 8547: 8492: 8437: 8406: 7984: 7860: 7790: 7438:. Vol. III (1882–1886). London and New York: Macmillan and Co & The Times Office. pp. 12–41 4593: 4160: 3838: 3754: 3688: 3575: 3349: 3340: 3258: 3215: 2720: 2619: 2159: 1731: 624: 8313: 8064: 8019: 7885: 7814: 5410: 4626: 3456: 3241: 3231: 2761: 2757: 2672: 2248: 1834: 1535: 1206: 592: 568: 219: 20: 6756: 4632: 4075: 8647: 8577: 8552: 8497: 8298: 8024: 4619: 4463: 4418: 4379: 3667:

Garibaldi took up arms again in 1866, this time with the full support of the Italian government. The

3484: 3336: 3314: 2627: 1844: 1811: 1711: 1706: 1376: 993: 498: 88: 7639:

Riall, Lucy. "Hero, saint or revolutionary? Nineteenth-century politics and the cult of Garibaldi."

4229:

as saying that "Garibaldi is the only wholly admirable figure in modern history". British historian

8542: 7932: 7504:

Gay, H. Nelson, "Lincoln's Offer of a Command to Garibaldi: Light on a Disputed Point of History",

4805: 4487: 4414: 4367: 3810: 3719: 3369: 2871:, with only 250 men having not abandoned him. Anita, who was carrying their fifth child, died near 2600: 2580: 2557: 2530: 2452:

revolutionary association, and in February 1834 participated in a failed Mazzinian insurrection in

1869: 1864: 1859: 1761: 1336: 739: 584: 378: 213: 7323:"Six Nations silverware: The rugby trophies won and lost in the annual Championship | World Rugby" 7018:

Revolutionary Domesticity in the Italian Risorgimento: Transnational Victorian Feminism, 1850–1890

6063: 3761:

he proposed: "The papacy, being the most harmful of all secret societies, ought to be abolished."

2772:, which had rebelled against the Austrian occupation. In the course of the following unsuccessful 1116: 8277: 8267: 7999: 7723: 7462: 7431: 6903:(1983). Servizi delle informazioni e della proprietà letteraria, artistica e scientifica. p. 123. 6139: 6047: 4890: 4324: 4164: 4128: 2788: 2711:

Mazzini, from exile, also applauded the early reforms of Pius IX. In 1847, Garibaldi offered the

2643: 2549:, southern Brazil and Uruguay. Around this time he adopted his trademark clothing—the red shirt, 2275: 1894: 1884: 1849: 1565: 1211: 802: 714: 536: 8004: 7456: 6560:"Sangamo Journal / Illinois State Journal 30 July 1859 – Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections" 6559: 5884:

Parish Church of S. Giovanni Battista, Baptismal Record, vol. n. 10 (dal 1757 al 1774), p. 174).

4186: 8308: 7875: 6502:– The Civil War Society's "Encyclopedia of the Civil War" – Italian-Americans in the Civil War. 5695: 4444: 4327:

called him "the most generous of the pirates I have ever encountered". Argentine revolutionary

4295: 4215:

Garibaldi was a popular hero in Britain. In his review of Lucy Riall's Garibaldi biography for

3715: 3392: 2664: 2623: 2507: 2374: 1904: 1889: 1421: 1356: 905: 895: 832: 654: 7050: 6585: 4636: 2979:, for which he required Peruvian citizenship, which he obtained that year. Garibaldi took the 1018: 8349: 8121: 7952: 7807: 7016: 6612: 5357:, translated by Stephen Parkin, foreword by Tim Parks. London: Hesperus Press Limited. 2004. 5256: 4740: 4403: 4196: 3941: 3886: 3565: 3467: 3100: 2864: 2682:

Garibaldi regularized his position later in 1844, joining the lodge Les Amis de la Patrie of

2676: 2608: 2604: 2488: 2350: 2291: 2201: 1949: 1771: 1585: 1466: 1078: 1058: 968: 812: 694: 403: 368: 5623: 4533:, was described from a specimen collected in Italy shortly after Garibaldi's victory in the 2337: 8447: 8442: 8101: 7830: 5739: 5455: 4658: 4448: 4320: 4201: 4144: 3863:

Garibaldi had long claimed an interest in vague ethical socialism such as that advanced by

3843: 3779: 3588: 3583:

Far from supporting this endeavour, the Italian government was quite disapproving. General

3495: 3396: 3305: 3027: 2612: 2491:

in its attempt to separate from Brazil, joining the rebels known as the Ragamuffins in the

2279: 1934: 1676: 1615: 978: 900: 807: 774: 600: 576: 462: 420: 7274: 6165: 6026: 4519:

A species of bright red-orange fish in the damselfish family received the vernacular name

3706: 3379:

Meeting between Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II on the bridge of Teano on 26 October 1860

8: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8182: 7989: 7942: 7927: 7912: 7523: 7512: 5975: 5460: 5404: 5319: 5066: 4775: 4750: 4609: 4549: 4029: 3921: 3770: 3746: 3668: 3459:, and he was offered a major general's commission in the U.S. Army through a letter from 3180: 3168: 3068: 2835: 2588: 2565: 2538: 2256: 2244: 2236: 2209: 2182: 2170: 2139: 1909: 1854: 1776: 1686: 1575: 1088: 870: 860: 855: 744: 643: 517: 487: 457: 393: 331: 231: 6133: 5386: 4889:

Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the

8462: 8247: 8237: 8166: 7974: 7709: 7574: 7375:"Nova species Italica generis Dipterorum Sphiximorphae detecta et distincta. Nota nona" 7021:. Italian and Italian American Studies. Springer International Publishing. p. 41. 4829: 4395: 4250: 4137: 3997: 3798: 3696: 3661: 3538: 3444: 3359: 2941: 2844: 2736: 2366: 2260: 2192: 1990: 1964: 1806: 1796: 1766: 1721: 1666: 1652: 1515: 1456: 1146: 865: 616: 467: 425: 8192: 7799: 5746:. Retrieved 2 September 2020. "È il più generoso dei pirati che abbia mai incontrato." 5337: 3211: 8411: 8401: 8222: 8202: 8054: 7772: 7691: 7672: 7587: 7535: 7517:

Garibaldi and His Enemies: The Clash of Arms and Personalities in the Making of Italy

7492: 7486: 7242: 7187: 7163: 7056: 7022: 6830:

Italian Workers of the World: Labor Migration and the Formation of Multiethnic States

6646: 6618: 6591: 6405: 6373: 6339: 6275: 6254: 6203: 6169: 6006: 5864: 5813: 5786: 5761: 5720: 5675: 5653: 5629: 5579: 5532: 5520: 5504: 5490: 5450: 5432: 5414: 5392: 5358: 5343: 5325: 5049: 4780: 4760: 4718: 4649: 4502: 3910: 3897:, Garibaldi is mentioned alongside Mazzini as outstanding "Italian revolutionaries". 3864: 3830: 3731: 3463: 3384: 3309:

power on the island. An apocryphal but realistic story had him say to his lieutenant

3266: 2826: 2816: 2699: 2561: 2534: 2473: 2322: 2213: 2001: 1974: 1751: 1691: 1671: 1555: 1326: 1236: 988: 885: 673: 632: 327: 7762: 7374: 7264:. Naples: Antonio Morano e Figlio Editori – via the Internet Archive. 6960: 5509: 3219: 2384: 1271: 729: 8232: 8146: 8141: 8126: 8106: 8080: 7994: 7979: 7781: 7559: 7452: 7092: 6943: 6870: 6301: 5465: 4770: 4597: 4534: 4520: 4467: 4383: 4363: 4283: 4242: 4230: 4175:

common among Latin liberals and did much to circumscribe the temporal power of the

4172: 4156: 4063: 3937: 3901: 3848: 3596: 3549: 3528: 3432: 3344: 3278: 3176: 3142: 2712: 2584: 2541:(1847–1924). A skilled horsewoman, Anita is said to have taught Giuseppe about the 2503: 2484: 2438: 2392: 2310: 2303: 2240: 2224: 2216:, and is still celebrated as an important contributor to Uruguay's reconstitution. 2205: 2163: 2122: 2067: 1984: 1944: 1661: 1495: 1401: 1301: 1286: 1196: 1126: 1033: 1028: 1003: 910: 890: 875: 734: 560: 398: 373: 67: 6998: 6874: 6109:. European Romanticisms in Association. 10 July 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020. 2968: 1316: 1226: 8272: 8242: 8161: 8049: 7786: 7733: 7719: 7705: 7581: 7348: 7153: 6889:

Giuseppe Garibaldi and Liberal Italy: History, Politics, and Nostalgia, 1861–1915

6367: 6333: 6158: 6106: 6000: 5551: 5546: 4932: 4833: 4810: 4735: 4700: 4603: 4475: 4456: 4447:

chose their home colours from the uniform worn by Garibaldi and his men in 1865.

4378:

Several worldwide military units are named after Garibaldi, including the Polish

4267: 4263: 4226: 3985: 3917: 3890: 3814: 3783: 3775: 3676: 3584: 3480: 3329: 3261:

provided Garibaldi with an opportunity. He gathered a group of volunteers called

3104: 2984: 2945: 2812: 2592: 2480: 2469: 2396: 2318: 2299: 2287: 2271: 2024: 1716: 1701: 1341: 1221: 1181: 1156: 1136: 1083: 1068: 920: 915: 784: 779: 769: 724: 699: 383: 252: 225: 7737: 6782: 6645:

Laurenza, Vincenzo (2003). "Victorian Sensation". Anthem Press. pp. 50–53.

5903: 4339: 4331:

stated: "The only hero the world has ever needed is called Giuseppe Garibaldi."

4147:

possible. He also served as a global exemplar of mid-19th century revolutionary

3944:

and a plan of public works to improve the Roman countryside that was completed.

3687:. Garibaldi gathered again his Hunters of the Alps, now some 40,000 strong, and 3544: 3136: 3059:, and Garibaldi left New York for the last time in November 1853. He sailed the 1121: 948: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8207: 8197: 8039: 7880: 7854: 7768: 4837: 4800: 4671: 4662: 4614: 4407: 4312: 4275: 4246: 4217: 4046: 3961: 3199: 2929: 2716: 2492: 2426: 2415: 2404: 2197: 1954: 1681: 1647: 1446: 1436: 1391: 1351: 1346: 1291: 1281: 1276: 1261: 1191: 1176: 1161: 1151: 1063: 963: 953: 943: 480: 7661: 7549: 7322: 7221: 5436: 5347: 4640: 1246: 8431: 8151: 8136: 8116: 8085: 7937: 7653: 7119: 5418: 5329: 4713: 4653: 3933: 3932:. In 1879, Garibaldi founded the League of Democracy, along with Cavallotti, 3881: 3826: 3600: 3417: 3363:

People cheering as Garibaldi rides into Naples on horseback, 7 September 1860

3164: 3096: 3019: 2976: 2933: 2922: 2918: 2525:, where Garibaldi worked as a trader and schoolmaster. The couple married in 2380:

Garibaldi's family's involvement in coastal trade drew him to a life at sea.

2174: 2151: 2135: 1791: 1625: 1595: 1505: 1411: 1406: 1381: 1361: 1201: 1073: 1048: 1023: 1008: 998: 983: 938: 704: 680: 7754: 6538:

The Cause of All Nations: An International History of the American Civil War

5396: 3916:

Despite being elected again to the Italian parliament, first as part of the

2948:, where Carpanetto was establishing business operations. They first went to 2867:

the Austrian siege. After an epic march, Garibaldi took temporary refuge in

2748:

Popular print showing Garibaldi wearing uniforms of 1848, 1860 and 1859 wars

8293: 8187: 7964: 7870: 7758: 7528: 6950:. Mount Gambier: National Library of Australia. Retrieved 2 September 2020. 5426: 4728: 4351: 4105: 3533: 3508: 3504: 3488: 3343:. He advanced to the outskirts of Palermo, the capital of the island, and 3207: 3015: 2884: 2804: 2800: 2695: 2596: 2345:

Garibaldi was born and christened Joseph-Marie Garibaldi on 4 July 1807 in

1461: 1441: 1426: 1386: 1371: 1331: 1266: 1251: 1141: 1043: 709: 7496: 6499: 3972:, devastating, murdering, and violating those populations who gave us the 3124: 2891:, but the Piedmontese government forced him to emigrate again. He went to 43: 8217: 7349:"The Garibaldi Beard Style: How to Grow, Trim, & Maintain Like a Pro" 7055:. Translated by Cameron, Allan. Princeton University Press. p. 391. 4785: 4765: 4755: 4684: 4483: 4328: 4152: 4109: 3953: 3802: 3408: 3353: 3031: 2694:

The fate of his homeland continued to concern Garibaldi. The election of

2655: 2448:, starting a long relationship that later became troubled. He joined the 2434: 2400: 2314: 2295: 2283: 2178: 1939: 1476: 1416: 1366: 1311: 1106: 1038: 764: 759: 7600: 7477:

Braun, Martin. "'Great Expectations': Cavour and Garibaldi: 1859–1959."

7396: 4426: 2019: 8416: 7619: 6050:

Translated from Giuseppe Garibaldi Massone by the Grand Orient of Italy

4299: 4148: 4101: 4033: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3905: 3855: 3834: 3592: 3352:

royal troops and warships surrendered the city and departed. The young

3310: 3296: 2868: 2683: 2518: 1979: 1969: 1431: 1396: 1321: 1306: 1241: 1166: 1111: 1013: 958: 837: 822: 6305: 6237: 3778:

without Garibaldi's assistance. Following the wartime collapse of the

7917: 7609: 6164:. The New York Historical Society and Yale University Press. p. 4745: 4553: 4452: 4372: 4222: 4089: 4037: 3969: 3737: 3615: 3611: 3375: 3092: 3056: 3039: 3023: 2992: 2949: 2888: 2872: 2781: 2642:, delivered on 15 and 16 August 1842, thanks to the mercy of Admiral 2546: 2449: 2267: 1451: 1131: 827: 719: 7241:(Great Lives Observed). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, p. 76. 7005:. Darwin: National Library of Australia. Retrieved 2 September 2020. 6967:. Sydney: National Library of Australia. Retrieved 2 September 2020. 6251:

Ships, Strikes and Keelmen: Glimpses of North-Eastern Social History

5719:(Great Lives Observed). Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs. pp. 69–70. 4699:

Garibaldi is a major character in two juvenile historical novels by

3210:

of France. In the following years, Garibaldi (with other passionate

7096: 4584: 4575: 4524: 4432: 4359: 4308: 4097: 4093: 4025: 4021: 4013: 3718:

on the sea, and made little progress on land after the disaster of

3692: 3569: 3156: 3084: 2856: 2838:

gate of Rome. Subsequently, French reinforcements arrived, and the

2808: 2765: 2744: 2453: 2419: 2411: 2388: 2358: 1296: 1053: 817: 754: 7646:

Riall, Lucy. "Travel, migration, exile: Garibaldi's global fame."

7624:

The Italian Risorgimento: State, Society, and National Unification

4108:

towards the end of his life and became a deist and a supporter of

3980:

to torment and plunge into desolation. Rise, then, heroic sons of

3797:

Subsequently, Garibaldi went to France and assumed command of the

3087:, was welcomed enthusiastically by local working men—although the 2514:, and fought alongside him at the battles of Imbituba and Laguna. 7554:(Great Lives Observed), Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6005:. Oxford: C. Hurst and Company (Publishers) Limited. p. 45. 4688: 4113: 4017: 4009: 3993: 3925: 3672: 3646: 3642: 3634: 3561: 3437: 3421: 3325: 3286: 3254: 3250: 3152: 3083:

arrived on 21 March 1854. Garibaldi, already a popular figure on

2892: 2522: 2430: 2354: 191: 6182: 4875: 3952:

In a 6 October 1875 letter from Caprera, "To my brothers of the

3829:

erupted in 1871, Garibaldi joined with younger radicals such as

2537:(1840–1903), Rosa (1843–1845), Teresa Teresita (1845–1903), and 7300: 5956: 5696:"La scuola per i 150 anni dell'Unità I protagonisti: Garibaldi" 4844: 4644: 4588: 4562: 4509:

is also a name of a cocktail made of orange juice and Campari.

4176: 4020:! All of you have a most splendid history. Among you were born 4005: 4001: 3989: 3758: 3700: 3680: 3638: 3622: 3388: 3290: 3064: 3047: 3007: 3003: 2860: 2768:

where they offered assistance to the provisional government of

2550: 2542: 2429:. During ten days in port, he met Giovanni Battista Cuneo from 2181:

movement. He became a supporter of Italian unification under a

973: 2638:. Garibaldi escaped with his life after being defeated in the 2134:; 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, patriot, 2076: 6780: 5861:

Garibaldi, battaglie, amori, ideali di un cittadino del mondo

4571: 4133: 3965: 3929: 3742: 3626: 3413: 3282: 3191: 3108: 3043: 2996: 2988: 2911: 2777: 2769: 2445: 2362: 2220: 2088: 7141:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 1–5. 7042: 5758:

The Oxford Companion to Charles Dickens: Anniversary Edition

4410:, a gift from members of the Italian Society of Washington. 7614:

The Hero's Way: Walking With Garibaldi From Rome to Ravenna

7432:"General Garibaldi (Obituary Notice, Friday, June 3, 1882)" 7404: 3820: 3500: 2964: 2960: 2792: 2622:

against forces led by Oribe. In 1845, he managed to occupy

2346: 2097: 174: 5597:"Unità d'Italia: Giuseppe Garibaldi, l'eroe dei due mondi" 4523:

in memory of the Garibaldi red shirts. Also, a species of

3956:

and to the oppressed of Eastern Europe", Garibaldi wrote:

2533:

neighborhood, the following year. They had four children;

2502:, commonly known as Anita. When the rebels proclaimed the 2433:, a politically active immigrant and member of the secret 4545:

Several places worldwide are named after him, including:

2630:, and led the infamous sacks of Martín García island and 2079: 2073: 7583:

Cavour and Garibaldi 1860: A Study in Political Conflict

7258:

De Santis, Francesco; Ferrarelli, Giuseppe, ed. (1900).

5578:. Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 76. 3813:, where he briefly served as a member of Parliament for 3186:

Garibaldi was very displeased as his home city of Nice (

7829: 6891:. Berkeley: University of California, Berkeley. p. 193. 5711: 5709: 3103:

later carried as a volunteer in British service in the

2200:

in Brazil, and took up their cause of establishing the

6682:"Visit of Garibaldi to the Britannia Iron Works, 1864" 6483: 6481: 3579:

Garibaldi after being wounded on the Aspromonte Massif

3455:

after him. Garibaldi expressed interest in aiding the

3111:, where his five years of exile ended on 10 May 1854. 2752:

Garibaldi returned to Italy amidst the turmoil of the

2391:

from 1828 to 1832. He became an instructor and taught

2239:

in the capture of major cities in Lombardy, including

1653: 8568:

Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Kingdom of Italy)

7436:

Eminent Persons; Biographies reprinted from The Times

7228:(online January 2011 ed.). Retrieved 5 November 2017. 7203:

Gentile, Gianni; Ronga, Luigi; Salassa, Aldo (1997).

6372:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. p. 100. 6058: 6056: 6041: 5369:

Autobiography of Giuseppe Garibaldi Vol. I, II, III,

3523:

Garibaldi in the Aspromonte Mountains (oil on canvas)

3114: 2776:, Garibaldi led his legion to two minor victories at 2106: 2070: 5706: 4822:

On 18 February 1960, the American television series

4354:

have been named after him, including a World War II

4245:, and many more people would have heard of him than 3447:(in 1861), Garibaldi was a very popular figure. The 2731: 2094: 2091: 2085: 6920:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 229. 6604: 6478: 5808:Di Mino, Massimiliano; Di Mino, Pier Paolo (2011). 5652:(illustrated, reprint ed.). London: Phoenix Press. 2991:. Then on 10 January 1852, he sailed from Peru for 2936:(the cottage where he stayed is listed on the U.S. 2659:main international masonic obediences, such as the 2373:. (Nice would be returned to France in 1860 by the 2082: 7527: 7093:"Giuseppe Garibaldi's body to be exhumed in Italy" 6644: 6583: 6495: 6493: 6157: 6053: 5973: 4155:. After the liberation of southern Italy from the 4116:alongside his last wife and some of his children. 3424:, refusing to accept any reward for his services. 2815:saved his life. After Cantoni's death, during the 2560:and raised an Italian Legion of soldiers—known as 7739:Garibaldi's Defence of the Roman Republic: 1848–9 7481:(Oct. 1959) 9#10 pp. 687–692, historiography 6848:Workers Unite!: The International 150 Years Later 6791:] (in French). Paris: Bourloton. p. 109. 6369:Rebels and Mafiosi: Death in a Sicilian Landscape 6151: 6149: 6084:, Vol. III, Howard Fertig, New York (1971) p. 68. 5735: 5733: 3372:. By the end of July, only the citadel resisted. 3159:), devoting himself to agriculture. In 1859, the 2689: 2575:Garibaldi during the battle of Sant'Antonio, 1846 8613:People of the Second Italian War of Independence 8429: 7603:Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 7008: 6665: 5783:Giuseppe Garibaldi due secoli di interpretazioni 5431:(in Italian). Turin: Camilla e Bertolero. 1874. 2878: 2579:Garibaldi aligned his forces with the Uruguayan 622: 614: 590: 582: 574: 558: 542: 534: 19:"Garibaldi" redirects here. For other uses, see 8618:People of the Third Italian War of Independence 8598:People of the First Italian War of Independence 7488:Life of Victor Emmanuel II, First King of Italy 7379:Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali 6745:. Princeton University Press. pp. 375–379. 6490: 5804: 5802: 5760:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 10. 5628:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 1. 4856:Garibaldi appears as the Italian leader in the 4853:, the final boss character is named Garibaldi. 4832:America. The episode is set in Indian Creek, a 2756:and was one of the founders and leaders of the 7522: 7162:] (in Italian). Florence: Leo S. Olschki. 6860: 6394:The Letters of Henry Adams, vol. 1: 1858–1868 6146: 5730: 5674:. Maison des Sciences de l'Homme. p. 11. 5525: 5513: 5494: 4505:was named after him, as was a style of beard. 3652: 7815: 7688:The Second War of Italian Unification 1859-61 7290:. Nottingham Forest. Retrieved 18 April 2018. 7186:. Le scie. Milan: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore. 7117: 6188: 5954:Kleis, S. M. (2012). "Der Löwe von Caprera". 5828: 5826: 4887:about Garibaldi's second and third marriages. 3610:A government steamer took him to a prison at 3416:on 26 October 1860, Garibaldi greeted him as 3038:on a second voyage: to the United States via 2787:After the crushing Piedmontese defeat at the 2042: 7787:Newspaper clippings about Giuseppe Garibaldi 6617:(in Lithuanian). History Press. p. 94. 6274:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 47. 5927:"Un aventurero italiano en la Guerra Grande" 5799: 4836:gold mining town. Giulio Mandati, played by 3924:, Garibaldi spent much of his late years on 3714:The Italian regular forces were defeated at 3548:Garibaldi is welcomed by cheering crowds in 2932:employed Garibaldi in his candle factory on 2851:("Wherever we will go, that will be Rome"). 2636:Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata 7120:"Garibaldi: Is his body still in its tomb?" 6832:. University of Illinois Press. p. 33. 6736: 6734: 6732: 6730: 4486:trophy awarded to the winner of the annual 2649: 2444:In November 1833, Garibaldi met Mazzini in 2309:Garibaldi also inspired later figures like 7822: 7808: 7761: 7579: 7401:: "Guns for Garibaldi", February 18, 1960" 7320: 6817:. Yale University Press. pp. 355–357. 6127: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6115: 6002:Garibaldi in South America: An Exploration 5969: 5967: 5835:"The Insurgent: Garibaldi and his enemies" 5823: 3801:, an army of volunteers. French socialist 3671:had broken out, and Italy had allied with 3568:on 14 August and marched at once into the 3514: 3022:, passing clear around the south coast of 2487:. Once there, he took up the cause of the 2468:Garibaldi and his men carrying boats from 2049: 2035: 42: 8563:Members of the Expedition of the Thousand 8528:Italian people of the Italian unification 7948:Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states 7732: 7718: 7704: 7586:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 7450: 7429: 7151: 6684:. Bedford Borough Council. Archived from 6294: 6272:Visiting Modern War in Risorgimento Italy 6131: 4392:39th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment 3449:39th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment 2754:revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states 2510:in 1839, she joined him aboard his ship, 2483:before eventually finding his way to the 2150:. He is considered to be one of Italy's " 7669:Carlo Di Rudio and the Age of Revolution 7346: 7281: 7261:Scritti politici di Francesco de Sanctis 7222:"Trevelyan, George Macaulay (1876–1962)" 7048: 6988:. (2664): 2. Retrieved 2 September 2002. 6976:Garibaldi, Giuseppe (27 December 1875). 6959:Garibaldi, Giuseppe (25 December 1875). 6942:Garibaldi, Giuseppe (22 December 1875). 6841: 6839: 6827: 6808: 6806: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6798: 6784:Dictionnaire des parlementaires français 6781:Robert, Adolphe; Cougny, Gaston (1891). 6740: 6727: 6713:Garibaldi: con documenti editi e inediti 6610: 6590:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 178–179. 6587:The Irish Diaspora in Britain, 1750–1939 6365: 6331: 6322:. New York: Penguin Books, 1987, p. 171. 5960:(in German). No. 6. pp. 57–59. 5949: 5947: 5863:(in Italian). Bari: Laterza. p. 3. 5858: 5755: 4431: 4338: 4290:in Washington Square Park, New York City 4282: 4195: 4185: 4127: 3968:. He descended like a wolf, passing the 3947: 3854: 3821:Involvement with the First International 3736: 3705: 3656: 3574: 3543: 3518: 3494:On 5 October 1860, Garibaldi set up the 3431: 3383:Having conquered Sicily, he crossed the 3374: 3358: 3319: 3295: 3285:, on 5 May in the evening and landed at 3235: 2906:Garibaldi's poncho and red shirt at the 2901: 2825: 2743: 2735: 2707:defence of Pius IX's work of redemption. 2603:, which was also aligned with Argentine 2570: 2463: 2336: 2208:. Garibaldi also became involved in the 120:9 February 1849 – 25 April 1849 8653:Members of the National Assembly (1871) 8638:Writers from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur 8366:Anniversary of the Unification of Italy 8035:Brigandage in Southern Italy after 1861 7685: 7372: 7226:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 6155: 6112: 5964: 4200:In 1960 the U.S. Government issued two 3269:as popularly known, in two ships named 2556:In 1842, Garibaldi took command of the 2361:and Maria Rosa Nicoletta Raimondi from 1606:Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch 267: 1842; died 1849) 83:18 February 1861 – 2 June 1882 16:Italian patriot and soldier (1807–1882) 8430: 7666: 7484: 6269: 5998: 5785:. Rome: Gangemi Editore. p. 238. 5669: 5531: 5519: 5503: 4694: 4104:. Though raised a Catholic he abjured 3870:International Workingmen's Association 3833:in declaring his full support for the 3764: 3216:Italian irredentism of his native city 3167:and formed a volunteer unit named the 3046:, and also wool. Garibaldi arrived in 2883:Garibaldi eventually managed to reach 2591:, who were aligned with the Argentine 2517:In 1841, Garibaldi and Anita moved to 101:17 May 1860 – 4 November 1860 8623:People sentenced to death in absentia 7803: 7136: 7014: 6961:"Garibaldi and the Turkish Rebellion" 6845: 6836: 6812: 6795: 6789:Dictionary of French parliamentarians 6521:The Union Makes an Offer to Garibaldi 5953: 5944: 5832: 5780: 5740:"Frasi di William Brown (ammiraglio)" 5702:from the original on 27 October 2014. 5621: 5550: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5262: 5260: 5255: 5189: 5133: 5127: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5089: 5079: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5048: 5046: 5044: 5006: 5004: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4958: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4914: 4912: 3710:Garibaldi at Mentana, 3 November 1867 2791:on 23 March 1849, Garibaldi moved to 2472:to Tramandahy lake during the war in 2377:, over the objections of Garibaldi.) 2121: 1757:1946 Italian institutional referendum 1697:Spanish American wars of independence 8330:Museum of the Risorgimento (Bologna) 8030:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy 7778:Works by or about Giuseppe Garibaldi 7711:Garibaldi and the Thousand: May 1860 7003:Northern Territory Times and Gazette 6997:Garibaldi, Giuseppe (4 March 1876). 6850:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 35. 5812:. Rome: Castelvecchi Editore. p. 7. 4869: 2938:National Register of Historic Places 2917:The ship was to be purchased in the 2760:. Garibaldi offered his services to 2553:, and hat commonly worn by gauchos. 2235:broke out in April 1859, he led his 2212:, raising an Italian force known as 8583:People from the Kingdom of Sardinia 8371:National Unity and Armed Forces Day 7566:(March 1956) 5 #3 pp. 188–196. 7562:. "Giuseppe Garibaldi: 1807–1882". 7347:Kuoppala, Ali (29 September 2020). 7184:Garibaldi. Una grande vita in breve 6984:. National Library of New Zealand. 6540:(New York: Basic Books, 2015), 232. 6138:. Walter Smith and Innes. pp. 6135:Autobiography of Giuseppe Garibaldi 6082:Autobiography of Giuseppe Garibaldi 5924: 5852: 5342:. London: Smith & Innes. 1889. 4933:Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro da Silva 4443:In 1865, the English football team 4253:. Abroad, Garibaldi symbolized the 4204:in honor of Garibaldi; part of the 4163:, Garibaldi chose to sacrifice his 3225: 2500:Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro da Silva 1526:The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates 25:Giuseppe Garibaldi (disambiguation) 13: 8345:Museum of the Risorgimento (Turin) 8335:Museum of the Risorgimento (Milan) 8010:Second Italian War of Independence 6999:"Garibaldi and the Herzegovinians" 5974:Etchechury Barrera, Mario (2017). 4734:In movies, Garibaldi is played by 3335:The next day, he declared himself 3161:Second Italian War of Independence 3115:Second Italian War of Independence 2830:Garibaldi during the siege of Rome 2803:. However, a French force sent by 2726: 2686:under the Grand Orient of France. 2357:family of Domenico Garibaldi from 2349:, which had been conquered by the 2138:and republican. He contributed to 14: 8669: 8608:People of the Revolutions of 1848 8603:People of the Franco-Prussian War 8458:19th-century Italian male writers 8340:Museum of the Risorgimento (Rome) 8045:Third Italian War of Independence 8015:United Provinces of Central Italy 7970:First Italian War of Independence 7748: 7728:. London: Longmans, Green and Co. 7725:Garibaldi and the Making of Italy 7530:Heroes: A History of Hero Worship 7465:. Routledge, Warne, and Routledge 7118:Alan Johnston (14 January 2013). 6160:The Encyclopedia of New York City 4803:in the 2003 Brazilian miniseries 3685:Third Italian War of Independence 3552:as he arrives in London, England. 2774:First Italian War of Independence 2732:First Italian War of Independence 2618:Between 1842 and 1848, Garibaldi 2341:House in which Garibaldi was born 291: 8593:People of the American Civil War 7894: 7571:Garibaldi: A Great Life in Brief 6944:"Garibaldi and the Herzegovians" 6931:Garibaldi: A Great Life in Brief 6887:Bufalino, Nicholas Greg (1991). 6863:The International History Review 6700:Garibaldi: A Great Life in Brief 6338:. Princeton University’s Press. 6238:"Giuseppe Garibaldi blue plaque" 6192:La presenza di Garibaldi in Perù 5374:. New York: Howard Fertig. 1971. 4874: 4711:. He also appears in the novels 4514:Associação Garibaldi de Esportes 4334: 4074: 4062: 3527:Garibaldi himself was intensely 3135: 3123: 2975:for a trading voyage across the 2459: 2169:Garibaldi was a follower of the 2148:creation of the Kingdom of Italy 2066: 2018: 1546:Discourses Concerning Government 341: 7556:(primary and secondary sources) 7485:Godkin, Georgina Sarah (1880). 7422: 7389: 7366: 7340: 7314: 7293: 7267: 7252: 7237:Mack Smith, ed., Denis (1969). 7231: 7214: 7197: 7176: 7130: 7111: 7085: 7076: 7052:Garibaldi: Citizen of the World 6991: 6978:"Garibaldi and the Herzegovina" 6970: 6953: 6936: 6923: 6906: 6894: 6881: 6854: 6821: 6774: 6749: 6743:Garibaldi: Citizen of the World 6718: 6715:, Florence, 1882, Vol. 11, 485. 6705: 6692: 6674: 6670:. B. Cellini. pp. 143–161. 6659: 6638: 6577: 6552: 6543: 6530: 6514: 6505: 6469: 6460: 6451: 6442: 6433: 6424: 6415: 6399: 6386: 6359: 6335:Garibaldi: Citizen of the World 6325: 6312: 6288: 6263: 6243: 6231: 6189:Ferrero Costa, Augusto (2011). 6100: 6087: 6074: 6019: 5992: 5918: 5896: 5887: 5877: 5774: 5749: 5715:Mack Smith, ed., Denis (1969). 5539: 5307: 4859:Civilization V: Brave New World 4825:Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre 3847:. The Congress was held in the 3695:. He defeated the Austrians at 2527:Church of St. Francis of Assisi 2410:In April 1833, he travelled to 2227:promoted him to General of the 1812:Barbadian Republic Proclamation 311: 287: 264: 8488:Italian expatriates in Uruguay 8468:Critics of the Catholic Church 8453:19th-century Italian novelists 8304:Francis II of the Two Sicilies 8112:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour 8060:Italian entry into World War I 7636:(Yale University Press, 2007). 7634:Garibaldi: Invention of a Hero 7288:"History of Nottingham Forest" 7139:Garibaldi: Invention of a Hero 6815:Garibaldi: Invention of a Hero 6527:, Issue 51, Spring 2022, p. 8. 6410:A History of the Western World 6029:. Historia Hoy. 15 August 2020 5810:Il libretto rosso di Garibaldi 5688: 5663: 5642: 5625:Garibaldi: Invention of a Hero 5615: 5589: 5568: 5483: 4865: 3788:Government of National Defense 3625:in 1864 he stopped briefly in 3404:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour 3289:, on the westernmost point of 3196:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour 2865:Venetians were still resisting 2690:Election of Pope Pius IX, 1846 2479:Garibaldi first sailed to the 2156:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour 1747:1935 Greek coup d'état attempt 1727:German Revolution of 1918–1919 1: 8483:Italian expatriates in Brazil 8157:Annibale Santore di Santarosa 7690:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. 7660:(1974), a standard biography 7534:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 7519:(1965), a standard biography. 7473:– via Internet Archive. 7446:– via Internet Archive. 6875:10.1080/07075332.1981.9640259 5512:of Ligurian, he was known as 5471: 4862:scenario Scramble to Africa. 4596:, an abandoned settlement in 3817:before returning to Caprera. 2879:North America and the Pacific 2849:Ovunque noi saremo, sarà Roma 2740:Portrait of Garibaldi in 1848 2661:United Grand Lodge of England 2506:in the Brazilian province of 2371:Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia 2332: 2329:, wore in lieu of a uniform. 2123:[dʒuˈzeppeɡariˈbaldi] 8658:Naturalized citizens of Peru 8228:Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi 7923:Revolutions during the 1820s 7491:. London: Macmillan and co. 7451:Garibaldi, Giuseppe (1861). 7152:Spadolini, Giovanni (1988). 6156:Jackson, Kenneth T. (1995). 6132:Garibaldi, Giuseppe (1889). 5552:[ʒozɛfmaʁiɡaʁibaldi] 5505:[dʒuˈʒɛpːeɡajˈbaːdu] 5476: 4559:Garibaldi, Rio Grande do Sul 4540: 4225:cites the English historian 4171:Garibaldi subscribed to the 4100:and was willing to become a 4081:Tomb of Garibaldi at Caprera 3880:Garibaldi wrote a letter to 3427: 2819:, Garibaldi wrote the novel 1997:Republic without republicans 1742:11 September 1922 Revolution 1737:Mongolian Revolution of 1921 7: 8628:Political history of France 8407:Revisionism of Risorgimento 7985:Sicilian revolution of 1848 7866:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia 7861:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 7791:20th Century Press Archives 7769:Works by Giuseppe Garibaldi 7755:Works by Giuseppe Garibaldi 7686:Schneid, Frederick (2012). 7605:36 #3 (Sept. 1943): 237–270 7458:Garibaldi: an autobiography 6828:Gabaccia, Donna R. (2001). 6584:Donald M. MacRaild (2010). 6300:(in French) (74): 179–208. 5444: 5391:. Milan: E. Politti. 1870. 5061:Teresa "Teresita" Garibaldi 4606:, British Columbia, Canada 4594:Garibaldi, British Columbia 4537:, and named in his honour. 4161:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 4088:Ill and confined to bed by 3755:League of Peace and Freedom 3653:Final struggle with Austria 3607:("Garibaldi was wounded"). 3341:Victor Emmanuel II of Italy 3259:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 3240:Garibaldi departing on the 3074: 2799:recently proclaimed in the 2721:Sicilian revolution of 1848 2223:made him a general and the 2160:Victor Emmanuel II of Italy 1732:Turkish War of Independence 1654: 10: 8674: 8633:Political history of Italy 8588:People of Ligurian descent 8478:Exiled Italian politicians 8314:Joseph Radetzky von Radetz 8020:Expedition of the Thousand 7886:Duchy of Modena and Reggio 7734:Trevelyan, George Macaulay 7720:Trevelyan, George Macaulay 7706:Trevelyan, George Macaulay 7580:Mack Smith, Denis (1985). 7385:: 144–146 – via BHL. 7205:Nuove prospettive storiche 7182:Mack Smith, Denis (1993). 7049:Scirocco, Alfonso (2007). 6933:. New York: Knopf. p. 183. 6929:Mack Smith, Denis (1956). 6901:Italy, Documents and Notes 6741:Scirocco, Alfonso (2007). 6525:The Lincoln Forum Bulletin 6332:Scirocco, Alfonso (2007). 6298:Cahiers de la Méditerranée 6097:. London: Longmans. p. 94. 5904:"Casa Garibaldi, Istanbul" 5859:Scirocco, Alfonso (2011). 5833:Parks, Tim (2 July 2007). 5562: 5411:Cassell, Petter and Galpin 5371:translated by Alica Werner 5324:. New York: Barnes. 1859. 5073:Harriet Constance Hopcraft 5050:Domenico Menotti Garibaldi 4629:, British Columbia, Canada 4627:Garibaldi Secondary School 4512:The Brazilian soccer club 4206:Champion of Liberty series 4092:, Garibaldi made trips to 4047:The Empire of the Crescent 3683:from Austrian rule in the 3242:Expedition of the Thousand 3232:Expedition of the Thousand 3229: 3034:. Garibaldi then took the 2908:Museum of the Risorgimento 2762:Charles Albert of Sardinia 2249:Expedition of the Thousand 1787:1970 Cambodian coup d'état 1536:The Commonwealth of Oceana 569:Expedition of the Thousand 21:Garibaldi (disambiguation) 18: 8643:Anti-Catholicism in Italy 8573:Military history of Italy 8379: 8358: 8322: 8299:Franz Joseph I of Austria 8286: 8176:Literature and philosophy 8175: 8094: 8073: 8025:Dictatorship of Garibaldi 7903: 7892: 7841: 7667:Ridley, Nicholas (2024). 7220:Cannadine, David (2004). 6666:Diamond, Michael (1932). 6564:idnc.library.illinois.edu 6320:Garibaldi and His Enemies 6270:Marwil, Jonathan (2010). 6095:Garibaldi and his enemies 5249: 5247: 5245: 5239: 5237: 5231: 5229: 5227: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5187: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5139: 5125: 5123: 5070: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5014: 4996: 4992: 4990: 4988: 4986: 4984: 4978: 4976: 4974: 4972: 4970: 4929: 4677:Giuseppe Garibaldi Street 4620:Garibaldi Provincial Park 4464:Giuseppe Garibaldi Trophy 4459:is also named after him. 4123: 3776:captured the Papal States 3485:Emancipation Proclamation 3328:in 1860, photographed by 3194:, he vehemently attacked 2325:that his volunteers, the 2173:Mazzini and embraced the 2152:fathers of the fatherland 1960:The Emperor's New Clothes 1712:5 October 1910 revolution 1707:French Revolution of 1848 730:Liberty as non-domination 663: 499:Great Siege of Montevideo 476: 450: 442: 434: 413: 354: 349: 337: 322: 241: 206: 198: 181: 157: 152: 148: 136: 124: 113: 105: 94: 87: 76: 57: 53: 41: 34: 8518:Italian military leaders 6846:Musto, Marcello (2014). 6366:Fentress, James (2018). 5999:Bourne, Richard (2020). 5906:. 14th Istanbul Biennial 5601:Enciclopedia De Agostini 5574:Bouchard, Norma (2005). 4806:A Casa das Sete Mulheres 4488:Six Nations Championship 4415:Greco-Turkish War (1897) 4390:during World War I. The 4053: 3368:ferocious and difficult 3010:, Garibaldi brought the 2940:and is preserved as the 2650:Induction to Freemasonry 2498:During this war, he met 2062:Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi 1802:1987 Fijian coups d'état 1762:1952 Egyptian revolution 740:Political representation 652: 630: 606: 598: 566: 550: 526: 518:Italian Unification Wars 504: 496: 8538:Italian revolutionaries 8278:Francesco Saverio Salfi 8268:Gian Domenico Romagnosi 7671:. New York: Routledge. 7550:Mack Smith, Denis, ed. 7405:Internet Movie Database 6965:The Protestant Standard 6912:Landauer, Carl (1960). 6549:Mack Smith, 1956 p. 72. 6511:Mack Smith, 1956 p. 70. 6439:Schneid, 2012 pp. 67–70 6421:Schneid, 2012 pp. 63–64 6064:"Garibaldi – freemason" 6027:"Déjenlo que se escape" 5756:Schlicke, Paul (2011). 5648:Ridley, Jaspar (2001). 5526: 5514: 5495: 5287:Ricciotti Garibaldi Jr. 5056:Rosa "Rosita" Garibaldi 4813:in the 2012 miniseries 4788:in the 1987 miniseries 4784:. He is also played by 4581:Giuseppe Garibaldi Park 4530:Sphiximorpha garibaldii 4386:and the French foreign 3515:Expedition against Rome 3443:At the outbreak of the 3265:(the Thousand), or the 3095:for a few days, and in 2895:, where he stayed with 1782:1969 Libyan coup d'état 1566:Discourse on Inequality 715:Consent of the governed 609:3rd War of Independence 553:2nd War of Independence 529:1st War of Independence 106:Minister of War of the 8508:Italian male novelists 8473:Former Roman Catholics 8309:Klemens von Metternich 7876:Grand Duchy of Tuscany 7831:Unification of Italy ( 7301:"The Garibaldi School" 6466:Smith 1939, pp. 20, 39 6392:J.C. Levenson et al., 6318:Hibbert, Christopher, 6093:Hibbert, G. C (1965). 5270:Anita Italia Garibaldi 4885:is missing information 4479: 4471: 4440: 4347: 4317: 4296:unification of Germany 4291: 4281: 4266:'s work on Garibaldi, 4260: 4208: 4191: 4140: 4132:Garibaldi's statue in 4051: 3860: 3750: 3711: 3679:in the hope of taking 3664: 3580: 3553: 3541:as his army chaplain. 3524: 3477: 3440: 3380: 3364: 3332: 3301: 3245: 2959:Carpanetto went on to 2914: 2831: 2749: 2741: 2709: 2665:Grand Orient de France 2624:Colonia del Sacramento 2576: 2476: 2342: 2191: 162:Joseph-Marie Garibaldi 8558:Masonic grand masters 8350:Tricolour Flag Museum 8122:Federico Confalonieri 7953:Republic of San Marco 7643:3.02 (1998): 191–204. 6611:Hamilton, J. (2005). 6048:Garibaldi – the mason 5781:Rossi, Lauro (2010). 5672:La fabrique des héros 5508:). In his particular 5388:Cantoni il volontario 5292:Menotti Garibaldi Jr. 4709:A Thousand for Sicily 4705:Follow My Black Plume 4516:was named after him. 4435: 4427:Grand Lodge of Greece 4404:United States Capitol 4342: 4304: 4286: 4272: 4235: 4199: 4189: 4131: 3958: 3948:On the Ottoman Empire 3942:emancipation of women 3887:libertarian socialist 3858: 3740: 3709: 3660: 3578: 3566:Melito di Porto Salvo 3547: 3522: 3472: 3468:Henry Shelton Sanford 3435: 3378: 3362: 3323: 3299: 3239: 3173:Cacciatori delle Alpi 3130:Garibaldi in the Alps 3101:Giuseppe Garibaldi II 3014:back to Peru via the 2999:, arriving in April. 2905: 2829: 2821:Cantoni the Volunteer 2747: 2739: 2704: 2677:Grand Orient of Italy 2574: 2489:Riograndense Republic 2467: 2340: 2292:Malwida von Meysenbug 2202:Riograndense Republic 2183:democratic republican 1950:Criticism of monarchy 1772:North Yemen civil war 1586:The Federalist Papers 881:Federal parliamentary 507:Uruguay River pillage 404:French Third Republic 369:Riograndense Republic 177:, First French Empire 8523:Italian nationalists 8005:Plombières Agreement 7524:Hughes-Hallett, Lucy 7513:Hibbert, Christopher 7508:LXXV (Nov. 1907): 66 7506:The Century Magazine 7373:Rondani, C. (1860). 7137:Riall, Lucy (2007). 6813:Riall, Lucy (2007). 6724:Ridley, 1974 p. 602. 5622:Riall, Lucy (2007). 5456:Unification of Italy 5406:The rule of the monk 4850:Knights of the Round 4724:Fire on the Mountain 4659:The Garibaldi School 4449:The Garibaldi School 4321:Francesco De Sanctis 4202:commemorative stamps 4145:unification of Italy 4069:Funeral of Garibaldi 3859:Garibaldi at Caprera 3780:Second French Empire 3496:International Legion 3397:Royal Sardinian Army 3306:Battle of Calatafimi 3300:Battle of Calatafimi 3183:, and other places. 3107:. He then sailed to 3028:Three Hummock Island 3002:After side trips to 2921:. Garibaldi went to 2897:Francesco Carpanetto 2875:during the retreat. 2628:Martín García Island 2613:Juan Manuel de Rosas 2504:Catarinense Republic 2280:Francesco de Sanctis 2259:as commander of the 2206:Catarinense Republic 1935:Classical radicalism 1677:Republic of Florence 1616:Democracy in America 775:Separation of powers 750:Public participation 625:Invasion of Trentino 601:Battle of Aspromonte 577:Battle of Calatafimi 463:International Legion 421:Royal Sardinian Army 290: 1860; 131:Position established 8533:Italian republicans 8513:Italian mercenaries 8503:Italian irredentism 8397:Italian nationalism 8392:Italian irredentism 8387:Altare della Patria 8183:Giovanni Arrivabene 7990:Ten Days of Brescia 7943:Revolutions of 1848 7928:Revolutions of 1830 7913:Rimini Proclamation 7851:Kingdom of Sardinia 7650:19.1 (2014): 41–52. 7569:Mack Smith, Denis. 6982:The Wanganui Herald 6761:Assemblée Nationale 6711:Giuseppe Guerzoni, 6698:Mack Smith, Denis, 6487:Godkin, 1880 p. 230 6475:Godkin 1880, p. 184 6396:(1982) pp. 162–172. 6107:"Garibaldi's Cabin" 5611:– via Sapere. 5461:Italian irredentism 5067:Ricciotti Garibaldi 4776:Gabriel Braga Nunes 4751:Cavalcade of Heroes 4695:Cultural depictions 4668:The Garibaldi Hotel 4661:, Nottinghamshire, 4550:Garibaldi, Victoria 4288:Statue of Garibaldi 4157:Neapolitan monarchy 3922:Historical Far Left 3874:First International 3771:Franco-Prussian War 3765:Franco-Prussian War 3747:Franco-Prussian War 3669:Austro-Prussian War 3631:Viscount Palmerston 3605:Garibaldi fu ferito 3169:Hunters of the Alps 3069:Newcastle upon Tyne 2836:Porta San Pancrazio 2620:defended Montevideo 2566:Uruguayan Civil War 2425:with a shipment of 2257:Franco-Prussian War 2253:Kingdom of Sardinia 2237:Hunters of the Alps 2233:war of independence 2210:Uruguayan Civil War 2187:Kingdom of Sardinia 2177:nationalism of the 2171:Italian nationalist 2140:Italian unification 2025:Politics portal 1830:Antigua and Barbuda 1777:Zanzibar Revolution 1687:American Revolution 1576:The Social Contract 745:Popular sovereignty 644:Franco-Prussian War 593:Battle of Volturnus 488:Uruguayan Civil War 458:Hunters of the Alps 394:Kingdom of Sardinia 362:List of allegiances 277:Giuseppina Raimondi 63:Chamber of Deputies 8548:Italian socialists 8493:Italian Freemasons 8438:Giuseppe Garibaldi 8248:Alessandro Manzoni 8238:Francesco Lomonaco 8167:Victor Emmanuel II 8132:Giuseppe Garibaldi 7975:Five Days of Milan 7843:Pre-unitary states 7626:(Routledge, 1994) 7430:Anonymous (1893). 7407:. 18 February 1960 7015:Moore, D. (2021). 6914:European Socialism 6757:"Joseph Garibaldi" 6457:Ridley, 2023 p. 79 6448:Ridley, 2023 p. 78 6430:Smith 1939, p. 151 6068:freemasonry.bcy.ca 5650:Phoenix: Garibaldi 5264:Costante Garibaldi 4927:Giuseppe Garibaldi 4441: 4396:American Civil War 4368:Giuseppe Garibaldi 4350:Five ships of the 4348: 4302:on 10 April 1865: 4292: 4209: 4192: 4165:liberal republican 4141: 4138:Castello Sforzesco 3895:European Socialism 3861: 3799:Army of the Vosges 3751: 3712: 3665: 3662:Battle of Bezzecca 3645:. He also visited 3581: 3554: 3539:Alessandro Gavazzi 3525: 3461:Secretary of State 3445:American Civil War 3441: 3393:Battle of Volturno 3381: 3365: 3337:dictator of Sicily 3333: 3302: 3246: 2942:Garibaldi Memorial 2915: 2845:Apennine mountains 2832: 2750: 2742: 2640:Costa Brava combat 2607:under the rule of 2577: 2477: 2367:Congress of Vienna 2343: 2261:Army of the Vosges 2231:in 1849. When the 1991:Primus inter pares 1807:Nepalese Civil War 1797:Iranian Revolution 1767:14 July Revolution 1722:Russian Revolution 1717:Chinese Revolution 1667:Republic of Venice 1516:Discourses on Livy 617:Battle of Bezzecca 468:Army of the Vosges 435:Service years 426:Royal Italian Army 304:Francesca Armosino 194:, Kingdom of Italy 143:Position abolished 89:Dictator of Sicily 36:Giuseppe Garibaldi 8425: 8424: 8412:Southern question 8223:Vincenzo Gioberti 8203:Felice Cavallotti 8102:Massimo d'Azeglio 8055:Law of Guarantees 7773:Project Gutenberg 7697:978-1-84908-787-2 7678:978-1-00382-377-3 7593:978-0-52131-637-8 7560:Mack Smith, Denis 7546:pp. 332–416. 7399:Zane Grey Theatre 7169:978-8-82223-609-8 7062:978-0-691-11540-5 7028:978-3-030-75545-4 6668:Garibaldi a Malta 6624:978-0-7524-9508-8 6406:Shepard B. Clough 6379:978-1-50172-151-9 6345:978-0-691-11540-5 6306:10.4000/cdlm.2693 6281:978-0-23011-755-6 6012:978-1-78738-313-5 5925:Arregui, Miguel. 5870:978-88-420-8408-2 5533:[dʒuˈzep] 5493:, he is known as 5491:Ligurian language 5451:Capanno Garibaldi 5305: 5304: 5257:Peppino Garibaldi 4908: 4907: 4781:Anita e Garibaldi 4778:in the 2013 film 4768:in the 1961 film 4758:in the 1952 film 4748:in the 1950 film 4738:in the 1940 film 4719:Edmondo De Amicis 4650:Garibaldi, Oregon 4503:Garibaldi biscuit 4480:Trophée Garibaldi 4445:Nottingham Forest 4213: 4212: 3911:Felice Cavallotti 3865:Henri Saint-Simon 3831:Felice Cavallotti 3811:National Assembly 3749:, painted in 1877 3732:Battle of Mentana 3464:William H. Seward 3385:Strait of Messina 3370:Battle of Milazzo 3218:, supporting the 3198:, for ceding the 3089:Newcastle Courant 3042:with copper from 2817:Battle of Mentana 2700:Vincenzo Gioberti 2654:Garibaldi joined 2474:Rio Grande do Sul 2369:returned Nice to 2059: 2058: 2002:Republican empire 1975:List of republics 1824:National variants 1752:Spanish Civil War 1692:French Revolution 1672:Republic of Genoa 1556:The Spirit of Law 1489:Theoretical works 833:Neo-republicanism 667: 666: 633:Battle of Mentana 585:Battle of Milazzo 48:Garibaldi in 1861 8665: 8648:Garibaldi family 8578:People from Nice 8553:Italian radicals 8498:Italian generals 8233:Giacomo Leopardi 8213:Giuseppe Ferrari 8147:Bettino Ricasoli 8142:Giuseppe Mazzini 8127:Francesco Crispi 8107:Agostino Bertani 8081:Cockade of Italy 8065:Impresa di Fiume 7995:Belfiore martyrs 7980:Sortie on Mestre 7898: 7824: 7817: 7810: 7801: 7800: 7782:Internet Archive 7765: 7743: 7729: 7715: 7701: 7682: 7597: 7545: 7533: 7500: 7474: 7472: 7470: 7461:. Translated by 7453:Dumas, Alexandre 7447: 7445: 7443: 7417: 7416: 7414: 7412: 7393: 7387: 7386: 7370: 7364: 7363: 7361: 7359: 7344: 7338: 7337: 7335: 7333: 7321:worldrugby.org. 7318: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7307: 7297: 7291: 7285: 7279: 7278: 7275:"Masonic Lodges" 7271: 7265: 7256: 7250: 7235: 7229: 7218: 7212: 7201: 7195: 7180: 7174: 7173: 7149: 7143: 7142: 7134: 7128: 7127: 7115: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7104: 7089: 7083: 7080: 7074: 7073: 7071: 7069: 7046: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7012: 7006: 6995: 6989: 6974: 6968: 6957: 6951: 6948:The Border Watch 6940: 6934: 6927: 6921: 6910: 6904: 6898: 6892: 6885: 6879: 6878: 6858: 6852: 6851: 6843: 6834: 6833: 6825: 6819: 6818: 6810: 6793: 6792: 6778: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6753: 6747: 6746: 6738: 6725: 6722: 6716: 6709: 6703: 6696: 6690: 6689: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6663: 6657: 6656: 6642: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6608: 6602: 6601: 6581: 6575: 6574: 6572: 6570: 6556: 6550: 6547: 6541: 6534: 6528: 6518: 6512: 6509: 6503: 6497: 6488: 6485: 6476: 6473: 6467: 6464: 6458: 6455: 6449: 6446: 6440: 6437: 6431: 6428: 6422: 6419: 6413: 6403: 6397: 6390: 6384: 6383: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6329: 6323: 6316: 6310: 6309: 6292: 6286: 6285: 6267: 6261: 6247: 6241: 6235: 6229: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6218: 6212:. Archived from 6197: 6186: 6180: 6179: 6163: 6153: 6144: 6143: 6129: 6110: 6104: 6098: 6091: 6085: 6078: 6072: 6071: 6060: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6034: 6023: 6017: 6016: 5996: 5990: 5989: 5971: 5962: 5961: 5951: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5922: 5916: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5900: 5894: 5891: 5885: 5881: 5875: 5874: 5856: 5850: 5849: 5847: 5845: 5830: 5821: 5806: 5797: 5796: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5753: 5747: 5737: 5728: 5713: 5704: 5703: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5667: 5661: 5646: 5640: 5639: 5619: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5608: 5593: 5587: 5572: 5556: 5554: 5543: 5537: 5535: 5529: 5523: 5521:[dʒuˈze] 5517: 5507: 5502: 5498: 5496:Gioxeppe Gaibado 5487: 5466:Giuseppe Mazzini 5440: 5422: 5400: 5375: 5351: 5333: 4910: 4909: 4903: 4900: 4894: 4878: 4870: 4798: 4681:Garibaldi Bridge 4598:British Columbia 4568:Garibaldi Square 4535:Battle of Varese 4472:Trofeo Garibaldi 4388:Garibaldi Legion 4384:January Uprising 4380:Garibaldi Legion 4364:aircraft carrier 4231:Denis Mack Smith 4182: 4181: 4173:anti-clericalism 4078: 4066: 3964:must go away to 3938:Agostino Bertani 3920:and then of the 3902:Denis Mack Smith 3849:Teatro Argentina 3839:internationalism 3597:Kingdom of Italy 3550:Trafalgar Square 3345:launched a siege 3277:, and left from 3226:Campaign of 1860 3143:Battle of Varese 3139: 3127: 2789:Battle of Novara 2713:apostolic nuncio 2585:Fructuoso Rivera 2535:Domenico Menotti 2485:Empire of Brazil 2439:Giuseppe Mazzini 2383:He lived in the 2353:in 1792, to the 2311:Jawaharlal Nehru 2304:Friedrich Engels 2164:Giuseppe Mazzini 2133: 2132: 2131: 2125: 2120: 2113: 2109: 2104: 2103: 2100: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2051: 2044: 2037: 2023: 2022: 2007:Republican Party 1985:Peasant republic 1945:Communitarianism 1662:Classical Athens 1657: 1631: 1621: 1611: 1601: 1591: 1581: 1571: 1561: 1551: 1541: 1531: 1521: 1511: 1501: 735:Mixed government 669: 668: 655:Battles of Dijon 653: 646: 631: 623: 615: 607: 599: 591: 583: 575: 567: 561:Battle of Varese 559: 551: 543: 537:Battle of Novara 535: 527: 520: 505: 497: 490: 399:Kingdom of Italy 374:Juliana Republic 363: 350:Military service 345: 315: 313: 295: 293: 289: 268: 266: 188: 171: 169: 153:Personal details 139: 127: 118: 99: 81: 68:Kingdom of Italy 46: 32: 31: 8673: 8672: 8668: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8663: 8662: 8543:Italian sailors 8428: 8427: 8426: 8421: 8375: 8354: 8318: 8282: 8273:Antonio Rosmini 8243:Goffredo Mameli 8193:Giosuè Carducci 8171: 8162:Ruggero Settimo 8090: 8069: 8050:Capture of Rome 7899: 7890: 7837: 7828: 7751: 7746: 7698: 7679: 7594: 7542: 7468: 7466: 7463:Robson, William 7441: 7439: 7425: 7420: 7410: 7408: 7395: 7394: 7390: 7371: 7367: 7357: 7355: 7345: 7341: 7331: 7329: 7327:www.world.rugby 7319: 7315: 7305: 7303: 7299: 7298: 7294: 7286: 7282: 7273: 7272: 7268: 7257: 7253: 7236: 7232: 7219: 7215: 7202: 7198: 7181: 7177: 7170: 7150: 7146: 7135: 7131: 7116: 7112: 7102: 7100: 7091: 7090: 7086: 7082:Ridley, p. 633. 7081: 7077: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7047: 7043: 7033: 7031: 7029: 7013: 7009: 6996: 6992: 6975: 6971: 6958: 6954: 6941: 6937: 6928: 6924: 6911: 6907: 6899: 6895: 6886: 6882: 6859: 6855: 6844: 6837: 6826: 6822: 6811: 6796: 6779: 6775: 6765: 6763: 6755: 6754: 6750: 6739: 6728: 6723: 6719: 6710: 6706: 6697: 6693: 6688:on 25 May 2012. 6680: 6679: 6675: 6664: 6660: 6653: 6643: 6639: 6629: 6627: 6625: 6609: 6605: 6598: 6582: 6578: 6568: 6566: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6548: 6544: 6535: 6531: 6519: 6515: 6510: 6506: 6498: 6491: 6486: 6479: 6474: 6470: 6465: 6461: 6456: 6452: 6447: 6443: 6438: 6434: 6429: 6425: 6420: 6416: 6412:(1964), p. 948. 6404: 6400: 6391: 6387: 6380: 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6330: 6326: 6317: 6313: 6293: 6289: 6282: 6268: 6264: 6248: 6244: 6236: 6232: 6222: 6220: 6219:on 6 March 2023 6216: 6210: 6195: 6187: 6183: 6176: 6154: 6147: 6130: 6113: 6105: 6101: 6092: 6088: 6079: 6075: 6062: 6061: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6032: 6030: 6025: 6024: 6020: 6013: 5997: 5993: 5972: 5965: 5952: 5945: 5935: 5933: 5923: 5919: 5909: 5907: 5902: 5901: 5897: 5892: 5888: 5882: 5878: 5871: 5857: 5853: 5843: 5841: 5831: 5824: 5807: 5800: 5793: 5779: 5775: 5768: 5754: 5750: 5738: 5731: 5714: 5707: 5694: 5693: 5689: 5682: 5670:AA.VV. (1999). 5668: 5664: 5647: 5643: 5636: 5620: 5616: 5606: 5604: 5595: 5594: 5590: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5560: 5559: 5544: 5540: 5500: 5488: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5447: 5425: 5403: 5385: 5367: 5336: 5318: 5310: 5297:Sante Garibaldi 5281:Bruno Garibaldi 4904: 4898: 4895: 4888: 4879: 4868: 4816:Anita Garibaldi 4811:Giorgio Pasotti 4792: 4736:Osvaldo Valenti 4701:Geoffrey Trease 4697: 4670:, Northampton, 4635:, a station on 4604:Mount Garibaldi 4543: 4457:Nottinghamshire 4423:First World War 4400:Garibaldi Guard 4358:and the former 4337: 4268:David Cannadine 4264:G. M. Trevelyan 4227:A. J. P. Taylor 4126: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4083: 4082: 4079: 4071: 4070: 4067: 4056: 3984:, Herzegovina, 3950: 3918:Historical Left 3891:Mikhail Bakunin 3823: 3815:Alpes-Maritimes 3784:Battle of Sedan 3767: 3699:, and made for 3677:Austrian Empire 3655: 3585:Enrico Cialdini 3517: 3481:Abraham Lincoln 3453:Garibaldi Guard 3430: 3339:in the name of 3330:Gustave Le Gray 3315:Francesco Landi 3234: 3228: 3222:riots in 1871. 3214:) promoted the 3212:Niçard Italians 3149: 3148: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3132: 3131: 3128: 3117: 3105:Second Boer War 3077: 2985:Chincha Islands 2946:Central America 2881: 2813:Achille Cantoni 2795:to support the 2734: 2729: 2727:Return to Italy 2692: 2652: 2593:Unitarian Party 2558:Uruguayan fleet 2481:Beylik of Tunis 2470:Lagoa dos Patos 2462: 2375:Treaty of Turin 2365:. In 1814, the 2351:French Republic 2335: 2319:A. J. P. Taylor 2300:Charles Dickens 2288:Alexandre Dumas 2272:Abraham Lincoln 2225:Minister of War 2127: 2126: 2118: 2111: 2107: 2069: 2065: 2055: 2017: 2012: 2011: 1930: 1922: 1921: 1825: 1817: 1816: 1702:Trienio Liberal 1643: 1635: 1634: 1629: 1619: 1609: 1599: 1589: 1579: 1569: 1559: 1549: 1539: 1529: 1519: 1509: 1499: 1490: 1482: 1481: 1217:Flynn (Stephen) 1102: 1094: 1093: 934: 926: 925: 851: 843: 842: 798: 790: 789: 785:Social equality 780:Social contract 770:Self-governance 725:Democratization 700:Anti-corruption 695:Anti-monarchism 690: 674:Politics series 659: 651: 648: 647: 642: 638: 635: 629: 621: 613: 605: 597: 589: 581: 573: 565: 557: 549: 541: 533: 525: 522: 521: 516: 512: 509: 503: 495: 492: 491: 486: 472: 430: 409: 406: 384:Unitarian Party 365: 364: 361: 318: 317: 314: 1880) 309: 305: 297: 294: 1860) 285: 281: 278: 270: 262: 258: 255: 253:Anita Garibaldi 237: 226:Historical Left 207:Political party 190: 186: 173: 167: 165: 164: 163: 137: 125: 119: 114: 100: 95: 82: 77: 72: 65: 49: 37: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8671: 8661: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8445: 8440: 8423: 8422: 8420: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8383: 8381: 8377: 8376: 8374: 8373: 8368: 8362: 8360: 8356: 8355: 8353: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8326: 8324: 8320: 8319: 8317: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8290: 8288: 8284: 8283: 8281: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8263:Carlo Pisacane 8260: 8258:Silvio Pellico 8255: 8253:Ippolito Nievo 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8208:Vincenzo Cuoco 8205: 8200: 8198:Carlo Cattaneo 8195: 8190: 8185: 8179: 8177: 8173: 8172: 8170: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8098: 8096: 8092: 8091: 8089: 8088: 8083: 8077: 8075: 8071: 8070: 8068: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8040:Roman Question 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7967: 7962: 7961: 7960: 7958:Roman Republic 7955: 7950: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7909: 7907: 7901: 7900: 7893: 7891: 7889: 7888: 7883: 7881:Duchy of Parma 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7855:House of Savoy 7847: 7845: 7839: 7838: 7827: 7826: 7819: 7812: 7804: 7798: 7797: 7784: 7775: 7766: 7750: 7749:External links 7747: 7745: 7744: 7730: 7716: 7702: 7696: 7683: 7677: 7664: 7654:Ridley, Jasper 7651: 7644: 7637: 7630: 7617: 7607: 7598: 7592: 7577: 7567: 7557: 7547: 7540: 7520: 7510: 7501: 7482: 7475: 7448: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7418: 7388: 7365: 7353:Beard Resource 7339: 7313: 7292: 7280: 7266: 7251: 7247:978-0133467918 7230: 7213: 7196: 7192:978-8804368991 7175: 7168: 7144: 7129: 7110: 7099:. 26 July 2012 7084: 7075: 7061: 7041: 7027: 7007: 6990: 6969: 6952: 6935: 6922: 6905: 6893: 6880: 6869:(4): 482–516. 6853: 6835: 6820: 6794: 6773: 6748: 6726: 6717: 6704: 6691: 6673: 6658: 6651: 6637: 6623: 6603: 6597:978-1137268037 6596: 6576: 6551: 6542: 6536:Don H. Doyle, 6529: 6513: 6504: 6500:Civil War Home 6489: 6477: 6468: 6459: 6450: 6441: 6432: 6423: 6414: 6398: 6385: 6378: 6358: 6344: 6324: 6311: 6287: 6280: 6262: 6242: 6230: 6209:978-9972452536 6208: 6181: 6175:978-0300055368 6174: 6145: 6111: 6099: 6086: 6073: 6052: 6040: 6018: 6011: 5991: 5988:(II): 491–524. 5984:(in Spanish). 5963: 5943: 5917: 5895: 5886: 5876: 5869: 5851: 5839:The New Yorker 5822: 5818:978-8895903439 5798: 5792:978-8849292640 5791: 5773: 5766: 5748: 5729: 5725:978-0133467918 5705: 5687: 5680: 5662: 5641: 5635:978-0300144239 5634: 5614: 5603:. 7 March 2011 5588: 5584:978-0838640548 5566: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5545:Pronounced in 5538: 5510:Niçard dialect 5489:In his native 5481: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5469: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5446: 5443: 5442: 5441: 5423: 5401: 5382: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5365: 5352: 5334: 5315: 5314: 5309: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5278: 5276: 5275:Ezio Garibaldi 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5261: 5259: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5041: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5015: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5003: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4993: 4991: 4989: 4987: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4975: 4973: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4935: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4915: 4913: 4906: 4905: 4882: 4880: 4873: 4867: 4864: 4838:Fernando Lamas 4801:Thiago Lacerda 4741:Antonio Meucci 4696: 4693: 4692: 4691: 4674: 4672:United Kingdom 4665: 4663:United Kingdom 4656: 4647: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4622: 4617: 4615:Garibaldi Lake 4612: 4610:Garibaldi Névé 4601: 4591: 4578: 4565: 4556: 4542: 4539: 4490:match between 4408:Washington, DC 4336: 4333: 4313:thirty tyrants 4218:The New Yorker 4211: 4210: 4193: 4125: 4122: 4080: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4061: 4060: 4059: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4052: 3949: 3946: 3822: 3819: 3809:to the French 3766: 3763: 3654: 3651: 3591:in the rugged 3589:two forces met 3516: 3513: 3429: 3426: 3227: 3224: 3220:Niçard Vespers 3200:County of Nice 3141: 3134: 3133: 3129: 3122: 3121: 3120: 3119: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3076: 3073: 3067:, and then to 2987:for a load of 2930:Antonio Meucci 2880: 2877: 2805:Louis Napoleon 2797:Roman Republic 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2717:Rio de Janeiro 2691: 2688: 2651: 2648: 2589:Joaquín Suárez 2508:Santa Catarina 2493:Ragamuffin War 2461: 2458: 2416:Russian Empire 2405:Ottoman Empire 2334: 2331: 2229:Roman Republic 2204:and later the 2198:Ragamuffin War 2154:", along with 2057: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2046: 2039: 2031: 2028: 2027: 2014: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1955:Egalitarianism 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1931: 1929:Related topics 1928: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1920: 1919: 1914: 1913: 1912: 1907: 1900:United Kingdom 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1682:Dutch Republic 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1650: 1648:Roman Republic 1644: 1641: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1622: 1612: 1602: 1592: 1582: 1572: 1562: 1552: 1542: 1532: 1522: 1512: 1502: 1491: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1103: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1089:Wollstonecraft 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 935: 932: 931: 928: 927: 924: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 868: 863: 858: 852: 849: 848: 845: 844: 841: 840: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 799: 796: 795: 792: 791: 788: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 691: 688: 687: 684: 683: 677: 676: 665: 664: 661: 660: 658: 657: 641: 640: 639: 637: 636: 627: 619: 611: 603: 595: 587: 579: 571: 563: 555: 547: 539: 531: 515: 514: 513: 511: 510: 501: 485: 484: 483: 481:Ragamuffin War 478: 474: 473: 471: 470: 465: 460: 454: 452: 448: 447: 444: 440: 439: 436: 432: 431: 429: 428: 423: 417: 415: 411: 410: 408: 407: 401: 396: 391: 389:Roman Republic 386: 381: 379:Colorado Party 376: 371: 360: 359: 358: 356: 352: 351: 347: 346: 339: 335: 334: 324: 320: 319: 307: 303: 302: 301: 300: 283: 279: 276: 275: 274: 273: 260: 256: 251: 250: 249: 248: 245: 243: 239: 238: 236: 235: 229: 223: 217: 210: 208: 204: 203: 200: 196: 195: 189:(aged 74) 183: 179: 178: 161: 159: 155: 154: 150: 149: 146: 145: 140: 134: 133: 128: 122: 121: 111: 110: 108:Roman Republic 103: 102: 92: 91: 85: 84: 74: 73: 71: 70: 61:Member of the 58: 55: 54: 51: 50: 47: 39: 38: 35: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8670: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8433: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8384: 8382: 8378: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8363: 8361: 8359:National days 8357: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8327: 8325: 8321: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8291: 8289: 8285: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8180: 8178: 8174: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8152:Aurelio Saffi 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8137:Daniele Manin 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8117:Celso Ceretti 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8099: 8097: 8093: 8087: 8086:Flag of Italy 8084: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8076: 8072: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7945: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7938:Neo-Guelphism 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7902: 7897: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7856: 7852: 7849: 7848: 7846: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7834: 7825: 7820: 7818: 7813: 7811: 7806: 7805: 7802: 7796: 7792: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7770: 7767: 7764: 7760: 7756: 7753: 7752: 7741: 7740: 7735: 7731: 7727: 7726: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7712: 7707: 7703: 7699: 7693: 7689: 7684: 7680: 7674: 7670: 7665: 7663: 7659: 7655: 7652: 7649: 7645: 7642: 7638: 7635: 7632:Riall, Lucy. 7631: 7629: 7625: 7621: 7618: 7615: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7599: 7595: 7589: 7585: 7584: 7578: 7576: 7572: 7568: 7565: 7564:History Today 7561: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7541:1-4000-4399-9 7537: 7532: 7531: 7525: 7521: 7518: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7507: 7502: 7498: 7494: 7490: 7489: 7483: 7480: 7479:History Today 7476: 7464: 7460: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7437: 7433: 7428: 7427: 7406: 7402: 7400: 7392: 7384: 7380: 7376: 7369: 7354: 7350: 7343: 7328: 7324: 7317: 7302: 7296: 7289: 7284: 7276: 7270: 7263: 7262: 7255: 7248: 7244: 7240: 7234: 7227: 7223: 7217: 7210: 7206: 7200: 7193: 7189: 7185: 7179: 7171: 7165: 7161: 7157: 7156: 7148: 7140: 7133: 7125: 7121: 7114: 7098: 7094: 7088: 7079: 7064: 7058: 7054: 7053: 7045: 7030: 7024: 7020: 7019: 7011: 7004: 7000: 6994: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6973: 6966: 6962: 6956: 6949: 6945: 6939: 6932: 6926: 6919: 6915: 6909: 6902: 6897: 6890: 6884: 6876: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6857: 6849: 6842: 6840: 6831: 6824: 6816: 6809: 6807: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6799: 6790: 6786: 6785: 6777: 6762: 6758: 6752: 6744: 6737: 6735: 6733: 6731: 6721: 6714: 6708: 6701: 6695: 6687: 6683: 6677: 6669: 6662: 6654: 6652:1-84331-150-X 6648: 6641: 6626: 6620: 6616: 6615: 6607: 6599: 6593: 6589: 6588: 6580: 6565: 6561: 6555: 6546: 6539: 6533: 6526: 6522: 6517: 6508: 6501: 6496: 6494: 6484: 6482: 6472: 6463: 6454: 6445: 6436: 6427: 6418: 6411: 6407: 6402: 6395: 6389: 6381: 6375: 6371: 6370: 6362: 6347: 6341: 6337: 6336: 6328: 6321: 6315: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6291: 6283: 6277: 6273: 6266: 6260: 6259:1-901237-26-5 6256: 6252: 6249:Bell, David. 6246: 6239: 6234: 6215: 6211: 6205: 6201: 6194: 6193: 6185: 6177: 6171: 6167: 6162: 6161: 6152: 6150: 6141: 6137: 6136: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6116: 6108: 6103: 6096: 6090: 6083: 6077: 6069: 6065: 6059: 6057: 6049: 6044: 6028: 6022: 6014: 6008: 6004: 6003: 5995: 5987: 5983: 5982: 5977: 5970: 5968: 5959: 5958: 5950: 5948: 5932: 5931:El Observador 5928: 5921: 5905: 5899: 5890: 5880: 5872: 5866: 5862: 5855: 5840: 5836: 5829: 5827: 5819: 5815: 5811: 5805: 5803: 5794: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5769: 5767:9780199640188 5763: 5759: 5752: 5745: 5741: 5736: 5734: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5712: 5710: 5701: 5697: 5691: 5683: 5681:2-7351-0819-8 5677: 5673: 5666: 5659: 5658:9781842121528 5655: 5651: 5645: 5637: 5631: 5627: 5626: 5618: 5602: 5598: 5592: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5571: 5567: 5553: 5548: 5542: 5534: 5528: 5522: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5497: 5492: 5486: 5482: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5448: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5407: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5389: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5378: 5373: 5370: 5366: 5364: 5363:1-84391-093-4 5360: 5356: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5340: 5339:Autobiography 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5316: 5312: 5311: 5302: 5282: 5265: 5258: 5254: 5251: 5243: 5241: 5235: 5233: 5225: 5223: 5215: 5213: 5205: 5203: 5195: 5193: 5192: 5185: 5171: 5169: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5082: 5068: 5051: 5043: 5040: 5028: 5026: 5018: 5016: 5012: 5010: 5009: 4994: 4982: 4980: 4968: 4966: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4951: 4934: 4911: 4902: 4892: 4886: 4883:This section 4881: 4877: 4872: 4871: 4863: 4861: 4860: 4854: 4852: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4817: 4812: 4808: 4807: 4802: 4796: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4773: 4772: 4767: 4763: 4762: 4757: 4753: 4752: 4747: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4730: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4716: 4715: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4654:United States 4651: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4631: 4628: 4625: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4599: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4551: 4548: 4547: 4546: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4531: 4526: 4522: 4517: 4515: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4460: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4439: 4438:Camillo Benso 4434: 4430: 4428: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4411: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4376: 4374: 4370: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4346: 4343:Clipper ship 4341: 4335:Commemoration 4332: 4330: 4326: 4325:William Brown 4322: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4303: 4301: 4297: 4289: 4285: 4280: 4277: 4271: 4269: 4265: 4259: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4219: 4207: 4203: 4198: 4194: 4188: 4184: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4174: 4169: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4139: 4135: 4130: 4121: 4117: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4077: 4065: 4050: 4048: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3957: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3934:Alberto Mario 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3914: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3900:According to 3898: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3882:Celso Ceretti 3878: 3875: 3871: 3866: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3827:Paris Commune 3818: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3756: 3748: 3744: 3741:Garibaldi in 3739: 3735: 3733: 3727: 3726:("I obey!"). 3725: 3721: 3717: 3708: 3704: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3663: 3659: 3650: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3619: 3617: 3613: 3608: 3606: 3602: 3601:nursery rhyme 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3577: 3573: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3551: 3546: 3542: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3529:anti-Catholic 3521: 3512: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3476: 3471: 3469: 3465: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3439: 3436:Garibaldi on 3434: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3418:King of Italy 3415: 3411: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3377: 3373: 3371: 3361: 3357: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3331: 3327: 3324:Garibaldi in 3322: 3318: 3316: 3312: 3307: 3298: 3294: 3293:, on 11 May. 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3223: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3206:) to Emperor 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3165:major general 3162: 3158: 3154: 3144: 3138: 3126: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3097:South Shields 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3072: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3026:. He visited 3025: 3021: 3020:South Pacific 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3000: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2969:Manuela Sáenz 2966: 2962: 2957: 2955: 2954:Giuseppe Pane 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2934:Staten Island 2931: 2928:The inventor 2926: 2924: 2923:New York City 2920: 2919:United States 2913: 2909: 2904: 2900: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2841: 2840:Siege of Rome 2837: 2828: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2785: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2746: 2738: 2724: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2708: 2703: 2701: 2697: 2687: 2685: 2680: 2678: 2674: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2657: 2647: 2645: 2644:William Brown 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2616: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2573: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2496: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2460:South America 2457: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2421: 2418:, aboard the 2417: 2413: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2339: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2307: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2276:William Brown 2273: 2269: 2268:national hero 2264: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2194: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2136:revolutionary 2130: 2124: 2116: 2115: 2102: 2063: 2052: 2047: 2045: 2040: 2038: 2033: 2032: 2030: 2029: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2015: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1992: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1918: 1917:United States 1915: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 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London: 5348:1069556440 4761:Red Shirts 4398:was named 4300:Karl Blind 4149:liberalism 4102:Protestant 4034:Scanderbeg 3982:Montenegro 3978:Asia Minor 3906:Lucy Riall 3835:Communards 3782:after the 3724:Obbedisco! 3593:Aspromonte 3451:was named 3350:Neapolitan 3311:Nino Bixio 3230:See also: 3155:(north of 3071:for coal. 2869:San Marino 2684:Montevideo 2519:Montevideo 2333:Early life 2323:red shirts 2196:), in the 2175:republican 2146:) and the 1980:Monarchism 1970:Liberalism 1965:Jacobinism 1655:Gaṇasaṅgha 1510:(54–51 BC) 994:Harrington 871:Democratic 861:Capitalist 856:Autonomous 838:Venizelism 823:Khomeinism 355:Allegiance 168:1807-07-04 8463:Carbonari 8402:Redshirts 8287:Opponents 7918:Carbonari 7658:Garibaldi 7552:Garibaldi 7239:Garibaldi 7103:2 October 6702:, p. 157. 5717:Garibaldi 5501:Ligurian: 5477:Footnotes 5419:780147202 5330:670372674 4891:talk page 4830:Civil War 4774:, and by 4771:Garibaldi 4746:Ugo Sasso 4633:Garibaldi 4554:Australia 4541:Namesakes 4521:Garibaldi 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4002:Greece 3990:Servia 3986:Bosnia 3759:Geneva 3701:Trento 3641:, and 3639:Greece 3623:London 3389:Naples 3291:Sicily 3279:Quarto 3177:Varese 3065:London 3048:Boston 3036:Carmen 3012:Carmen 3008:Manila 3004:Xiamen 2993:Canton 2981:Carmen 2973:Carmen 2861:Venice 2551:poncho 2543:gaucho 2399:, and 2397:French 2302:, and 2241:Varese 1895:Sweden 1885:Norway 1850:Canada 1630:(1963) 1610:(1794) 1600:(1791) 1580:(1762) 1570:(1755) 1560:(1748) 1550:(1698) 1540:(1656) 1530:(1649) 1520:(1531) 1472:Wilson 1442:Slater 1432:Skates 1387:Mannin 1377:Mullin 1352:Mackay 1317:Juárez 1272:Hébert 1267:Hatton 1262:Harvie 1152:Burgon 1069:Sidney 1064:Sandel 1049:Pettit 974:Cicero 939:Arendt 921:Soviet 916:Sister 808:Modern 414:Branch 8380:Other 7158:[ 6787:[ 6217:(PDF) 6196:(PDF) 5527:Josep 5524:) or 5515:Jousé 4797:] 4764:, by 4754:, by 4744:, by 4714:Heart 4572:Sofia 4496:Italy 4247:Verdi 4134:Milan 4054:Death 3930:Lazio 3743:Dijon 3716:Lissa 3627:Malta 3614:near 3457:Union 3414:Teano 3283:Genoa 3281:, in 3192:Turin 3188:Nizza 3109:Genoa 3044:Chile 2997:China 2989:guano 2912:Milan 2778:Luino 2770:Milan 2446:Genoa 2363:Loano 2221:Milan 1910:Wales 1890:Spain 1865:Japan 1452:Smith 1427:Sayed 1407:Pound 1402:Nehru 1397:Nandy 1367:Magid 1347:Lucas 1337:Lewis 1247:Grévy 1242:Greer 1142:Black 1122:Azaña 1044:Paine 1014:Locke 984:Crick 959:Bodin 949:Bello 850:Types 310:( 306: 286:( 282: 263:( 259: 7692:ISBN 7673:ISBN 7588:ISBN 7536:ISBN 7493:OCLC 7471:2019 7444:2019 7413:2012 7360:2023 7334:2022 7308:2018 7243:ISBN 7188:ISBN 7164:ISBN 7105:2013 7070:2023 7057:ISBN 7036:2023 7023:ISBN 6986:VIII 6768:2022 6647:ISBN 6632:2023 6619:ISBN 6592:ISBN 6571:2023 6374:ISBN 6353:2022 6340:ISBN 6276:ISBN 6255:ISBN 6225:2023 6204:ISBN 6170:ISBN 6142:–69. 6035:2022 6007:ISBN 5938:2024 5912:2020 5865:ISBN 5846:2020 5814:ISBN 5787:ISBN 5762:ISBN 5721:ISBN 5676:ISBN 5654:ISBN 5630:ISBN 5609:2020 5580:ISBN 5433:OCLC 5415:OCLC 5393:OCLC 5359:ISBN 5344:OCLC 5326:OCLC 5321:Life 4721:and 4707:and 4679:and 4501:The 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Giuseppe Garibaldi

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