106:, misrepresentations and outright lies, making it impossible for the opponent to refute all of them within the format of the debate. Each point raised by the Gish galloper takes considerably longer to refute than to assert. The technique wastes an opponent's time and may cast doubt on the opponent's debating ability for an audience unfamiliar with the technique, especially if no independent
74:
attempts to overwhelm an opponent by presenting an excessive number of arguments, with no regard for their accuracy or strength, with a rapidity that makes it impossible for the opponent to address them in the time available. Gish galloping prioritizes the quantity of the galloper's arguments at the
151:
Generally, it is more difficult to use the Gish gallop in a structured debate than a free-form one. If a debater is familiar with an opponent who is known to use the Gish gallop, the technique may be countered by pre-empting and refuting the opponent's commonly used arguments before the opponent has
140:
Because there are too many falsehoods to address, it is wise to choose one as an example. Choose the weakest, dumbest, most ludicrous argument that the galloper has presented and tear that argument to shreds ("the weak point
147:
Call out the strategy by name, saying: "This is a strategy called the 'Gish Gallop'—do not be fooled by the flood of nonsense you have just heard."
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529:
117:
and is sometimes referred to as "the bullshit asymmetry principle". The element of the technique also is referred to as spewing a
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Do not budge from the issue or move on until having decisively destroyed the nonsense and clearly made the counter point.
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During a typical Gish gallop, the galloper confronts an opponent with a rapid series of specious arguments,
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357:
Denying
Science: Conspiracy Theories, Media Distortions, and the War Against Reality
162:’s multiple positions against him, choosing to debate the legalization of cannabis.
113:
The difference in effort between making claims and refuting them is known online as
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26:
485:. Reports of National Center for Science Education. Vol. 24/6. Archived from
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408:
The
Seraphinians: "Blessed Seraphim Rose" and His Axe-Wielding Western Converts
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is involved, or if the audience has limited knowledge of the topics.
91:
411:. The Collected Works of C.J.S. Hayward. San Francisco: Zest Books.
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655:
67:
780:
640:
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The term "Gish gallop" was coined in 1994 by the anthropologist
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240:
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183: – Difficulty of refuting false or misleading information
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224:
55:
38:
49:
46:
35:
32:
382:
295:
176:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
136:, suggests using three steps to beat the Gish gallop:
174: – Attacking the person rather than the argument
450:. Vol. 120, no. 56. p. 4 – via
268:
58:
52:
94:, dubbed the technique's "most avid practitioner".
43:
29:
471:(6). National Center for Science Education: 36–38.
379:
307:
256:
328:How to Win Votes: The Politics of Nineteen Eighty
201: – Marking an argument as obvious or trivial
908:
459:Sonleitner, Frank J. (November–December 2004).
435:Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society
152:an opportunity to launch into the Gish gallop.
577:
124:
348:
584:
570:
458:
250:
591:
558:, Letters from an American, June 28, 2024
433:. Perspectives on Harmful Speech Online.
325:
426:Johnson, Amy (2017). Gasser, Urs (ed.).
425:
404:
301:
274:
909:
444:"Scientists Offer Creationist Defense"
207: – Type of trolling or harassment
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289:"Stay Tuned with Preet, Debating 101"
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13:
14:
943:
428:"The Multiple Harms of Sea Lions"
213: – Competitive debate tactic
189: – Political stalling tactic
70:technique in which a person in a
442:Logan, Paul (25 February 2000).
25:
530:"How to Beat Trump in a Debate"
507:"Debates and the Globetrotters"
319:
287:Hasan, Mehdi (16 March 2023).
280:
87:who named it for the American
1:
461:"Winning the Creation Debate"
326:Costikyan, Edward N. (1980).
217:
856:Rally 'round the flag effect
731:Fear, uncertainty, and doubt
195: – Propaganda technique
7:
165:
97:
10:
948:
405:Hayward, C. J. S. (2015).
125:Countering the Gish gallop
75:expense of their quality.
599:
349:General and cited sources
661:Cartographic propaganda
550:Richardson, Heather Cox
482:Confronting Creationism
846:Propaganda of the deed
816:New generation warfare
766:Historical negationism
604:Accusation in a mirror
119:firehose of falsehoods
932:Propaganda techniques
927:Rhetorical techniques
841:Psychological warfare
806:Monumental propaganda
756:Glittering generality
736:Firehose of falsehood
593:Propaganda techniques
446:. West Side Journal.
199:Proof by intimidation
193:Firehose of falsehood
681:Demonizing the enemy
511:Talk Origins Archive
378:Grant, John (2015).
355:Grant, John (2011).
16:Rhetorical technique
871:Shooting and crying
701:Emotive conjugation
676:Cult of personality
626:Atrocity propaganda
448:Albuquerque Journal
922:Informal fallacies
831:Oversimplification
811:Moralistic fallacy
134:British journalist
79:Origin of the term
904:
903:
796:Managing the news
621:Appeal to emotion
397:978-1-936976-68-3
386:. San Francisco:
370:978-1-61614-400-5
304:, pp. 14–15.
172:Ad hominem attack
939:
896:White propaganda
851:Public relations
826:Overcomplication
711:False accusation
646:Black propaganda
636:Beautiful people
631:Bandwagon effect
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786:Loaded language
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489:on 12 June 2018
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160:George McGovern
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776:Indoctrination
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671:Cherry picking
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616:Appeal to fear
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503:Scott, Eugenie
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477:Scott, Eugenie
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721:False dilemma
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555:June 27, 2024
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437:. p. 14.
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337:9780151422210
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156:Richard Nixon
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108:fact-checking
105:
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85:Eugenie Scott
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891:Whataboutism
861:Scapegoating
821:Obscurantism
801:Minimisation
750:
706:Exaggeration
608:
553:
539:. Retrieved
535:The Atlantic
533:
526:Hasan, Medhi
514:. Retrieved
491:. Retrieved
487:the original
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330:. Harcourt.
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302:Johnson 2017
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275:Hayward 2015
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82:
20:
18:
886:Weasel word
836:Plain folks
751:Gish gallop
741:Flag-waving
696:Doublespeak
691:Dog whistle
651:Blood libel
541:16 February
141:rebuttal").
130:Mehdi Hasan
104:half-truths
89:creationist
21:Gish gallop
911:Categories
761:Half-truth
666:Censorship
610:Ad hominem
388:Zest Books
314:Grant 2015
291:(Podcast).
263:Grant 2011
247:Logan 2000
235:Scott 1994
231:Scott 2004
218:References
205:Sealioning
187:Filibuster
92:Duane Gish
68:rhetorical
771:Ideograph
726:Fake news
516:6 October
493:6 October
211:Spreading
917:Debating
791:Newspeak
656:Buzzword
528:(2023).
505:(1994).
479:(2004).
166:See also
98:Strategy
781:Lawfare
746:Framing
641:Big lie
465:Reports
66:) is a
876:Slogan
415:
394:
367:
334:
72:debate
866:Senbu
431:(PDF)
158:used
881:Spin
543:2023
518:2017
495:2017
413:ISBN
392:ISBN
365:ISBN
332:ISBN
132:, a
19:The
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23:(
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