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Ghilji

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42: 1026: 483:, also gave a similar account about Ghiljis' origin. However, it named the patriarch from Ghor as "Mast Ali Ghori" (which, according to Nimat Allah al-Harawi, was the pseudonym of Shah Hussain Ghori), and asserted that the Pashtuns called him "Mati". After the illicit intercourse with one of the daughters of Bēṭ Nīkə, "when the results of this clandestine intimacy were about to become manifest, he preserved her reputation by marriage. Three sons were born to him, vis., Ghilzai (progenitor of the Ghilji tribe), Lōdī (progenitor of the 1076: 160: 1015: 500: 463:, 694–714) dispatched an army to attack Ghor and entered into the service of Bēṭ Nīkə, who made him an adopted son. The book further stated that Shah Hussain Ghori fell in love with the saint's daughter Bībī Matō, fathering a son with her out of wedlock. The child was named by the saint as 704:
limits migrated to Zabulistan. Among the districts of Ghazni there is a steppe where they reside. Then, on account of the heat of the air, their complexion has changed and tended towards blackness; the tongue too has undergone alterations and become a different
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at the end of the retreat on 13 January. This battle became a resonant event in Ghiljis' oral history and tradition, which narrates that Brydon was intentionally let to escape so that he could tell his people about the bravery of the tribesmen.
1809:
This dynasty, like the previous Slave dynasty, was of Turkish origin, though the Khaljī tribe had long been settled in Afghanistan. Its three kings were noted for their faithlessness, their ferocity, and their penetration to the South of
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and forced to flee to India. Ighraq returned to Peshawar, but later Mongol detachments defeated the 20,000–30,000 strong Khalaj, Turkmen, and Ghori tribesmen who had abandoned Jalal ad-Din. Some of these tribesmen escaped to
439:, wrote a mythical genealogy according to which the Ghilji descended from Shah Hussain Ghori and his first wife Bībī Matō, who was a daughter of Pashtun Sufi saint Bēṭ Nīkə (progenitor of the 597:, the territory he conquered, surrendered and agreed to serve him. Al-Utbi further stated that Pashtun and Khalaj tribesmen were recruited in significant numbers by the Ghaznavid Sultan 2141:
Wörmer, Nils (2012). "The Networks of Kunduz: A History of Conflict and Their Actors, from 1992 to 2001" (PDF). Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik. Afghanistan Analysts Network. p. 8
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In medieval Persian manuscripts, the word can be read as either "Khalji" or "Khilji" because of the omission of short vowel signs in orthography, but "Khalji" is the correct name.
1605:; excerpts from "The Turkish Dialect of the Khalaj", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol 10, No 2, pp 417-437 (retrieved 10 January 2007). 637:. Ighraq's army, as well as many other Khalaj and other tribesmen, joined the Khwarazmian force of Jalal ad-Din and inflicted a crushing defeat on the Mongols at the 1221 1548: 672:, narrated that a levy comprising the "Khalaj of Ghazni" and the "Afghan" (Pashtuns) were mobilized by the Mongols to take part in a punitive expedition sent to 950:, their last survivors—about 45 British soldiers and 20 officers—were killed or held captive by the Ghilji force, leaving only one British survivor, surgeon 1723: 2098: 625:
and joined the army of Saif al-Din Ighraq, who was likely a Khalaj himself. This army defeated the petty king of Ghazni, Radhi al-Mulk. The last
783:, and then attacked and killed Ghilji Pashtuns in the mountains of Khwaja Ismail, setting up "a pillar of Afghan heads," as Babur wrote in his 1602: 967:
The Ghilji rebelled against Afghanistan's ruler in 1886, after which a large number of them were forced to migrate to northern Afghanistan by
645:, and Ghoris in the army quarreled with the Khwarazmians over the booty, and finally left, soon after which Jalal ad-Din was defeated by 2073: 990:
in the 1930s. Launching an industrialization and economic development campaign, he founded the Spinzar Cotton Company and helped making
2129: 938:, consisting of about 16,000 soldiers, supporting personnel, and women, a Ghilji force attacked them through the winter snows of the 435: 3364: 3359: 2337: 876:, who played a prominent role in the power struggle in western Iran after the death of Nader Shah Afshar in 1747, belonged to the 398:, it seems very likely that the Khalaj people of the Gazna formed the core of the Ghilji tribe, who are usually referred to as 2304: 2277: 1876: 1849: 1733: 1689: 1821: 1586:
Indeed, it seems very likely that formed the core of the Pashto-speaking Ghilji tribe, the name being derived from Khalaj.
1944: 943: 3334: 2027: 1910: 1504: 460: 1127:, some Ghilji used to seasonally winter as nomadic merchants in India, buying goods there, and transporting them by 1824: 246:
but they have also settled in other regions throughout the Afghanistan-Pakistan Pashtun belt. The modern nomadic
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are predominantly made up of Ghilji tribes. The Ghilji make up around 20–25% of Afghanistan's total population.
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In Afghanistan, the Ghilji are primarily concentrated in an area which is bordered in the southeast by the
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The Pearl of Pearls: The Abdālī-Durrānī Confederacy and Its Transformation under Aḥmad Shāh, Durr-i Durrān
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Title The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers
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Hallberg, Daniel G. 1992. Pashto, Waneci, Ormuri. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 4.
1570: 1315: 935: 930:(1839–1842), Ghilji tribesmen played an important role in the Afghan victory against the British 921: 202: 2044: 1868:
Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia: A Historical Encyclopedia
3344: 3339: 3262: 3220: 3169: 2960: 2868: 2722: 2371: 1621: 1480: 1214: 1045: 927: 630: 473:), Pashto for "thief's son," from whom the Ghilzai derived their name. The 1595 Mughal account 447:(progenitor of all Pashtuns). Shah Hussain Ghori was described in the book as a patriarch from 90: 2294: 2179: 2162:
Dynamics of Political Development in Afghanistan. The British, Russian, and American Invasions
1981: 1793: 1149:, a dialect with unique phonetic features, transitional between the southern and the northern 3245: 3231: 3225: 3142: 3107: 2896: 2656: 2568: 2540: 2475: 2439: 2431: 2395: 2267: 2204: 2161: 1866: 1774:
R. Khanam, Encyclopaedic ethnography of Middle-East and Central Asia: P-Z, Volume 3 - Page 18
1679: 1358: 1325: 1283: 1271: 1246: 1236: 892:—whose daughter he married—Azad rose to power between 1752 and 1757, controlling part of the 877: 847:
remained the dynasty's capital for six years. The dynasty ended in 1738 when its last ruler,
606: 430: 310: 122: 98: 1964: 1120:. Large numbers were forced to migrate to northern Afghanistan after the rebellion of 1886. 3210: 2975: 2712: 2519: 2480: 1278: 664: 484: 118: 2049: 994:
one of the wealthiest Afghan cities. Sher Khan also implemented Qezel Qala harbour on the
8: 2548: 1711:(PhD thesis). Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations: University of Toronto. 1337: 1052: 1041: 1018: 736: 650: 642: 626: 618: 610: 456: 2067: 417:
volume 3, Issue 1, the Ghilji tribe of Afghanistan are the descendants of Hephthalites.
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Grötzbach, Erwin: Afghanistan, eine geographische Landeskunde, Darmstadt 1990, p. 263
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Chormaqan Noyan: The First Mongol Military Governor in the Middle East by Timothy May
1729: 1685: 1661: 1637: 1500: 972: 893: 856: 852: 696:(c. 1200–1220) described the transformation that the Khalaj tribe was going through: 669: 545: 444: 294: 2454: 1983:
History of Afghanistan, from the Earliest Period to the Outbreak of the War of 1878
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with the intention to crush Ghilji Pashtuns. On the way, the Timurid army overran
1934: 1900: 1196: 1185: 1056: 824: 789:. Many sheep were also captured during the attack. After a hunt on the plains of 764: 760: 744: 732: 659: 532: 266: 262: 188: 176: 2016: 1625:(CD-ROM Edition v. 1.0 ed.). Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. 1484:(CD-ROM Edition v. 1.0 ed.). Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. 2346: 2199: 2103: 1653: 1174: 1150: 1146: 1140: 951: 601:(999–1030) to take part in his military conquests, including his expedition to 523:, narrated that the Khalaj were one of the earliest tribes to have crossed the 516: 452: 399: 349: 254: 20: 3323: 2062: 1128: 1075: 848: 828: 816: 810: 569: 536: 503: 426: 391: 390:
One theory of origin states that Ghiljis are likely to be descended from the
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Beyond Hindu and Muslim: Multiple Identity in Narratives from Village India
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Dalrymple, William Return of a King, London: Bloomsbury, 2012, pages 385.
1433:, ) is the plural form of the word. Its masculine singular is "Ghiljay" ( 1363: 1342: 1293: 1256: 1101: 780: 602: 582: 550: 379: 243: 106: 76: 2077:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 450. 3288: 3252: 3161: 2947: 2926: 2916: 2853: 2838: 2415: 2377: 1261: 1219: 999: 995: 939: 634: 578: 574: 540: 407: 110: 2241: 835:, declaring southern Afghanistan independent of Safavid rule. His son 3215: 3192: 2980: 2863: 2848: 2843: 2833: 2767: 2646: 2584: 1117: 1032:, of the Ghilji tribe, was President of Afghanistan from 2014 to 2021 1021:, of the Ghilji tribe, was President of Afghanistan from 1987 to 1992 955: 909: 889: 885: 785: 524: 378:
means "descendant of"), a Pashto name meaning "born of mountain" or "
499: 159: 3303: 3128: 3053: 3023: 2996: 2967: 2858: 2810: 2788: 2782: 2754: 2749: 2744: 2727: 2631: 2605: 2598: 2578: 1403: 1105: 947: 832: 701: 622: 594: 586: 531:
and settled in parts of present-day Afghanistan, especially in the
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who was related to the Shansabani family, which later founded the
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and systematically killed them day by day. On 12 January, as the
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Medieval Muslim scholars, including 9th-10th century geographers
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tribes in the armies of several local dynasties, including the
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Afghanistan : a short history of its people and politics
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and Turkish chieftains, and a policy of compromise with the
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in Ghazni and the surrounding districts, who had a habit of
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for nearly three decades between 1290 and 1320. Founded by
673: 448: 281:, the tribal name "Ghilji" is derived from the name of the 880:
tribe of Ghiljis. Through a series of alliance with local
823:
tribe of Ghiljis, led a successful revolution against the
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The Khalaj West of the Oxus, by V. Minorsky: Khyber.ORG.
605:. The Khalaj later revolted against Mahmud's son Sultan 510: 2180:
AFGHANISTAN: History, Diplomacy and Journalism Volume 1
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Dorn, B 1836, The history of Afghans, Oriental, page.49
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The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History
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More recently, the former Presidents of Afghanistan
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Afghanistan, A History From 1260 To The Present Day
613:to obtain their submission. During the time of the 2015: 589:in 988, the Pashtuns (Afghans) and Khalaj between 2292: 915: 19:For the dynasties known as Khilji or Khalji, see 3321: 2265: 1722:Fisher, William Bayne; Yarshater, Ehsan (1968). 633:, was forced by the Mongols to flee towards the 506:(1725–1738), the last ruler of the Hotak dynasty 402:. The Khalaj were sometimes mentioned alongside 1939:(illustrated ed.). Routledge. p. 24. 1721: 1568: 1448: 1439:, ), while its feminine singular is "Ghiljey" ( 986:Ghilji tribe, who would become the governor of 683: 2259: 2246:(Master's thesis). University of North Dakota. 1786: 2331: 1674: 1614: 1131:in summer for sale or barter in Afghanistan. 1104:, in the northwest by a line stretching from 700:The Khalaj are a tribe of Turks who from the 2042:Perry, J. R. (1987), "Āzād Khan Afḡān", in: 1440: 1434: 1428: 1067:branches of the Ghilji tribe, respectively. 1051:Two other former Presidents of Afghanistan, 936:British Indian garrison retreated from Kabul 801:were plentiful, Babur marched off to Kabul. 747:, and successfully fending off the repeated 468: 365: 288: 225: 1966:The Bābur-nāma in English, Memoirs of Bābur 1864: 1858: 1728:. Cambridge University Press. p. 216. 1635: 1499:. New Zealand: Reaktion Books. p. 52. 641:. However, after the victory, the Khalajs, 573:, written by al-Utbi, stated that when the 2338: 2324: 1684:. Cambridge University Press. p. 82. 40: 2096: 2022:(1st ed.). New York: HarperCollins. 1959: 436:Tārīkh-i Khān Jahānī wa Makhzan-i Afghānī 2250: 2061: 1979: 1973: 1074: 1024: 1013: 658:and were recruited into the army of the 498: 2272:. Oxford University Press. p. 99. 2194: 2192: 2036: 1704: 1698: 1145:The Ghilji of the central region speak 487:tribe), and Sarwānī (progenitor of the 261:with transitional features between the 3322: 2688: 1070: 1009: 234:tribes. Their traditional homeland is 2319: 2296:Allahabad School of History 1915-1955 2243:Placing Wardak Among Pashto Varieties 2239: 2207:, December 15, 2001 (M. Jamil Hanifi) 2013: 2007: 1953: 1932: 1898: 1842:A Textbook of Medieval Indian History 1815: 1564: 1562: 511:The Khalaj in medieval Islamic period 420: 385: 187: 2266:Peter Gottschalk (27 October 2005). 2189: 1986:. London: Elibron.com. p. 227. 1905:. U of Nebraska Press. p. 437. 1833: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1569:Pierre Oberling (15 December 2010). 1473: 2233: 2211: 1839: 1494: 1441: 1435: 1429: 1421: 862: 539:(also known as Qalati Khalji), and 469: 366: 289: 226: 197: 180: 13: 2345: 2048:, Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 173-174. 1765:. 2 vols. in 1. Calcutta, 1867–77. 1559: 1513: 1495:Lee, Jonathan (12 November 2018). 962: 743:as the second dynasty to rule the 14: 3376: 2132:Peter Tomsen, PublicAffairs, 2011 1705:Nejatie, Sajjad (November 2017). 1591: 1134: 843:in 1722, and the Iranian city of 718: 2099:"History repeats in Afghanistan" 1844:. Primus Books. pp. 80–89. 978:Among those who were exiled was 900:city, northwestern and northern 804: 754: 293:) tribe. According to historian 158: 3365:Ethnic groups in Logar Province 3360:Ethnic groups in Kunar Province 2286: 2171: 2153: 2144: 2135: 2123: 2090: 2081: 2055: 1980:Malleson, George Bruce (1878). 1926: 1892: 1865:Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). 1825:The Imperial Gazetteer of India 1777: 1768: 1751: 1742: 1715: 1668: 1155: 543:regions. Mid-10th-century book 2097:Macintyre, Ben (8 July 2006). 1902:The state at war in South Asia 1629: 1608: 1541: 1488: 1467: 1202: 1200: 1180: 1178: 1166: 1161: 916:Skirmishes with British forces 735:, covering large parts of the 1: 2240:Coyle, Dennis Walter (2014). 2052:(Accessed February 20, 2012). 1725:The Cambridge History of Iran 1615:Morgenstierne, G. (1999). "AF 1461: 615:Mongol invasion of Khwarezmia 415:The Cambridge History of Iran 51: 1208: 1195: 1191: 1189: 1184: 1173: 1048:branch of the Ghilji tribe. 1044:(1987–1992) belonged to the 1042:Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai 988:Qataghan-Badakhshan Province 934:. On 6 January 1842, as the 904:, and parts of southwestern 684:Transformation of the Khalaj 443:tribal confederacy), son of 337:." The word finally yielded 272: 7: 1961:Beveridge, Annette Susannah 1933:Verma, Som Prakash (2016). 1392: 692:, Najib Bakran's geography 333:could have a parallel form 208: 10: 3381: 2293:Heramb Chaturvedi (2016). 1654:10.1177/025764309401000102 1138: 1116:, and in the northeast by 919: 866: 819:, who was a member of the 808: 494: 230:), are one of the largest 18: 3276: 3076: 2935: 2809: 2679: 2561: 2468: 2362: 2353: 2221:. Encyclopædia Britannica 1936:The Illustrated Baburnama 749:Mongol invasions of India 741:Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji 394:. According to historian 154: 144: 86: 72: 62: 39: 34: 3335:Pashto-language surnames 2299:. Prabhat. p. 222. 1871:. ABC-CLIO. p. 62. 1414: 1059:(1979), belonged to the 1002:, which was later named 759:One year after the 1506 745:Delhi Sultanate of India 609:(1030–1040), who sent a 549:described the Khalaj as 461:Umayyad governor of Iraq 25:Khalji dynasty of Bengal 2074:Encyclopædia Britannica 1899:Barua, Pradeep (2005). 1840:Sen, Sailendra (2013). 1798:Encyclopædia Britannica 946:reached a hillock near 922:1842 retreat from Kabul 761:Battle of Qalati Ghilji 668:, written by historian 374:means "mountain" while 348:According to a popular 277:According to historian 2014:Ewans, Martin (2002). 1622:Encyclopaedia of Islam 1481:Encyclopaedia of Islam 1097: 1033: 1022: 928:First Anglo-Afghan War 716: 631:Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu 507: 481:Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak 253:They mostly speak the 3355:Tribes of Afghanistan 3330:Ghilji Pashtun tribes 2205:Encyclopaedia Iranica 1757:Abū al-Fażl ʿAllāmī. 1575:Encyclopaedia Iranica 1521:"Khaljies are Afghan" 1427:In Pashto, "Ghilji" ( 1078: 1038:Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai 1028: 1017: 698: 502: 431:Nimat Allah al-Harawi 301:form of the name was 269:varieties of Pashto. 46:Ghilji chieftains in 2045:Encyclopædia Iranica 1969:. Project Gutenberg. 1636:Sunil Kumar (1994). 1553:www.afghan-bios.info 1474:Frye, R.N. (1999). " 793:the next day, where 665:Tarikh-i Jahangushay 455:. He fled Ghor when 329:). Minorsky added: " 2159:Emadi, Hafizullah: 1186:Southern (Kandahar) 1071:Areas of settlement 1053:Nur Muhammad Taraki 1019:Mohammad Najibullah 1010:Contemporary period 998:at the border with 737:Indian subcontinent 651:Battle of the Indus 617:, many Khalajs and 611:punitive expedition 457:al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf 309:), but the Turkic / 1963:(7 January 2014). 1763:Heinrich Blochmann 1642:Studies in History 1151:dialects of Pashto 1125:partition of India 1098: 1034: 1023: 932:East India Company 857:Battle of Kandahar 851:, was defeated by 731:dynasty ruled the 607:Mas'ud I of Ghazni 567:11th-century book 508: 504:Shah Hussain Hotak 421:Mythical genealogy 386:Descent and origin 189:[ɣəlˈd͡ʒi] 3317: 3316: 3072: 3071: 2557: 2556: 2306:978-81-8430-346-9 2279:978-0-19-976052-7 1878:978-1-5988-4337-8 1851:978-9-38060-734-4 1735:978-0-521-20092-9 1691:978-0-521-54329-3 1555:. September 2021. 1529:. alamahabibi.com 1206: 1205: 1087:who are known in 973:Abdur Rahman Khan 853:Nader Shah Afshar 670:Ata-Malik Juvayni 560:through seasonal 445:Qais Abdur Rashid 425:The 17th-century 206: 169: 168: 3372: 3255: 3248: 3241: 3234: 3195: 3188: 3164: 3157: 3145: 3138: 3131: 3063: 3056: 3049: 3042: 3018: 2999: 2970: 2963: 2956: 2906: 2899: 2892: 2798: 2791: 2777: 2770: 2763: 2686: 2685: 2665: 2641: 2634: 2627: 2608: 2601: 2594: 2587: 2543: 2536: 2522: 2515: 2501: 2494: 2434: 2380: 2360: 2359: 2340: 2333: 2326: 2317: 2316: 2311: 2310: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2263: 2257: 2254: 2248: 2247: 2237: 2231: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2215: 2209: 2196: 2187: 2175: 2169: 2157: 2151: 2148: 2142: 2139: 2133: 2127: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2107:. Archived from 2094: 2088: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2070: 2068:"Gandamak"  2059: 2053: 2040: 2034: 2033: 2021: 2011: 2005: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1977: 1971: 1970: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1921: 1919: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1887: 1885: 1862: 1856: 1855: 1837: 1831: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1806: 1804: 1794:"Khalji Dynasty" 1790: 1784: 1781: 1775: 1772: 1766: 1755: 1749: 1746: 1740: 1739: 1719: 1713: 1712: 1702: 1696: 1695: 1672: 1666: 1665: 1633: 1627: 1626: 1612: 1606: 1600: 1589: 1588: 1583: 1581: 1571:"ḴALAJ i. TRIBE" 1566: 1557: 1556: 1545: 1539: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1526:Abdul Hai Habibi 1517: 1511: 1510: 1492: 1486: 1485: 1471: 1455: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1437: 1432: 1431: 1425: 1197:Northern (Kabul) 1175:Central (Ghazni) 1169: 1164: 1156: 1123:Before the 1947 1085:Badghis Province 1079:Tents of Afghan 1055:(1978–1979) and 1040:(2014–2021) and 1004:Sher Khan Bandar 980:Sher Khan Nashir 944:British regiment 874:Azad Khan Afghan 869:Azad Khan Afghan 863:Azad Khan Afghan 827:and founded the 714: 688:Just before the 639:Battle of Parwan 599:Mahmud of Ghazni 472: 471: 369: 368: 360:is derived from 292: 291: 229: 228: 211: 201: 199: 191: 186: 182: 162: 56: 53: 44: 32: 31: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3370: 3369: 3350:Alauddin Khalji 3320: 3319: 3318: 3313: 3272: 3251: 3244: 3237: 3230: 3191: 3184: 3160: 3155: 3141: 3134: 3127: 3068: 3059: 3052: 3045: 3038: 3014: 2995: 2966: 2959: 2952: 2931: 2902: 2895: 2888: 2805: 2794: 2787: 2773: 2766: 2759: 2675: 2661: 2637: 2630: 2623: 2604: 2597: 2590: 2583: 2553: 2539: 2532: 2518: 2511: 2497: 2490: 2464: 2430: 2376: 2349: 2344: 2314: 2307: 2291: 2287: 2280: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2251: 2238: 2234: 2224: 2222: 2217: 2216: 2212: 2197: 2190: 2177:Tanwir, Halim: 2176: 2172: 2158: 2154: 2149: 2145: 2140: 2136: 2128: 2124: 2114: 2112: 2111:on 14 July 2006 2095: 2091: 2086: 2082: 2060: 2056: 2041: 2037: 2030: 2012: 2008: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1978: 1974: 1958: 1954: 1947: 1931: 1927: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1897: 1893: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1863: 1859: 1852: 1838: 1834: 1820: 1816: 1802: 1800: 1792: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1736: 1720: 1716: 1703: 1699: 1692: 1673: 1669: 1634: 1630: 1613: 1609: 1601: 1592: 1579: 1577: 1567: 1560: 1549:"Ghilzai Tribe" 1547: 1546: 1542: 1532: 1530: 1519: 1518: 1514: 1507: 1493: 1489: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1449: 1426: 1422: 1417: 1395: 1211: 1167: 1162: 1143: 1137: 1073: 1057:Hafizullah Amin 1012: 1006:in his honour. 982:, chief of the 965: 963:Barakzai period 924: 918: 871: 865: 815:In April 1709, 813: 807: 771:marched out of 757: 733:Delhi sultanate 721: 715: 709: 690:Mongol invasion 686: 676:in present-day 662:. 13th-century 660:Delhi Sultanate 513: 497: 423: 388: 275: 255:central dialect 214:Khilji, Khalji, 212:) also spelled 184: 58: 54: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3378: 3368: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3280: 3278: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3242: 3235: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3189: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3166: 3165: 3158: 3148: 3147: 3146: 3139: 3132: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3099: 3098: 3088: 3082: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3066: 3065: 3064: 3057: 3050: 3043: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3020: 3019: 3007: 3002: 3001: 3000: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2972: 2971: 2964: 2957: 2945: 2939: 2937: 2933: 2932: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2908: 2907: 2900: 2893: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2815: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2792: 2780: 2779: 2778: 2771: 2764: 2752: 2747: 2737: 2736: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2694: 2692: 2683: 2677: 2676: 2674: 2673: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2643: 2642: 2635: 2628: 2616: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2602: 2595: 2588: 2576: 2571: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2552: 2551: 2546: 2545: 2544: 2537: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2516: 2504: 2503: 2502: 2495: 2483: 2478: 2472: 2470: 2466: 2465: 2463: 2462: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2436: 2435: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2382: 2381: 2368: 2366: 2357: 2351: 2350: 2347:Pashtun tribes 2343: 2342: 2335: 2328: 2320: 2313: 2312: 2305: 2285: 2278: 2258: 2249: 2232: 2210: 2188: 2170: 2152: 2143: 2134: 2122: 2104:The Australian 2089: 2080: 2065:, ed. (1911). 2063:Chisholm, Hugh 2054: 2035: 2028: 2006: 1992: 1972: 1952: 1946:978-1317338635 1945: 1925: 1911: 1891: 1877: 1857: 1850: 1832: 1822:Dynastic Chart 1814: 1785: 1776: 1767: 1750: 1741: 1734: 1714: 1697: 1690: 1667: 1628: 1607: 1590: 1558: 1540: 1512: 1505: 1487: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1456: 1447: 1419: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1384: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1355: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1323: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1297: 1296: 1286: 1276: 1275: 1274: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1249: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1182: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1147:Central Pashto 1141:Central Pashto 1139:Main article: 1136: 1135:Pashto dialect 1133: 1072: 1069: 1011: 1008: 964: 961: 952:William Brydon 920:Main article: 917: 914: 867:Main article: 864: 861: 809:Main article: 806: 803: 756: 753: 720: 719:Khalji Dynasty 717: 710:Najib Bakran, 707: 685: 682: 546:Hudud al-'Alam 517:Ibn Khordadbeh 512: 509: 496: 493: 453:Ghurid dynasty 433:, in his book 422: 419: 387: 384: 350:folk etymology 313:/ changed to / 297:, the ancient 274: 271: 167: 166: 156: 152: 151: 146: 142: 141: 88: 84: 83: 74: 70: 69: 64: 60: 59: 45: 37: 36: 21:Khalji dynasty 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3377: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3345:Turkic people 3343: 3341: 3340:Modern nomads 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3281: 3279: 3277:Allied tribes 3275: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3240: 3236: 3233: 3229: 3228: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3194: 3190: 3187: 3183: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3163: 3159: 3154: 3153: 3152: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3133: 3130: 3126: 3125: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3094: 3093: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3075: 3062: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3048: 3044: 3041: 3037: 3036: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3017: 3013: 3012: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 2998: 2994: 2993: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2969: 2965: 2962: 2958: 2955: 2951: 2950: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2940: 2938: 2936:Other Sarbani 2934: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2910: 2905: 2901: 2898: 2894: 2891: 2887: 2886: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2808: 2797: 2793: 2790: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2742: 2741: 2738: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2678: 2672: 2669: 2664: 2660: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2633: 2629: 2626: 2622: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2607: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2593: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2550: 2547: 2542: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2521: 2517: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2508: 2505: 2500: 2496: 2493: 2489: 2488: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2433: 2429: 2428: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2379: 2375: 2374: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2341: 2336: 2334: 2329: 2327: 2322: 2321: 2318: 2308: 2302: 2298: 2297: 2289: 2281: 2275: 2271: 2270: 2262: 2253: 2245: 2244: 2236: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2206: 2201: 2195: 2193: 2186: 2183:, p. 253, at 2182: 2181: 2174: 2168: 2164: 2163: 2156: 2147: 2138: 2131: 2126: 2110: 2106: 2105: 2100: 2093: 2084: 2076: 2075: 2069: 2064: 2058: 2051: 2047: 2046: 2039: 2031: 2029:0-06-050507-9 2025: 2020: 2019: 2010: 1995: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1976: 1968: 1967: 1962: 1956: 1948: 1942: 1938: 1937: 1929: 1914: 1912:0-8032-1344-1 1908: 1904: 1903: 1895: 1880: 1874: 1870: 1869: 1861: 1853: 1847: 1843: 1836: 1830: 1826: 1823: 1818: 1811: 1799: 1795: 1789: 1780: 1771: 1764: 1760: 1759:Āʾīn-i Akbarī 1754: 1745: 1737: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1718: 1710: 1709: 1701: 1693: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1677: 1676:Peter Jackson 1671: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1632: 1624: 1623: 1618: 1611: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1595: 1587: 1576: 1572: 1565: 1563: 1554: 1550: 1544: 1528: 1527: 1522: 1516: 1508: 1506:9781789140101 1502: 1498: 1491: 1483: 1482: 1477: 1470: 1466: 1451: 1424: 1420: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1277: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1212: 1198: 1194: 1187: 1183: 1176: 1172: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1148: 1142: 1132: 1130: 1129:camel caravan 1126: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1077: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1031: 1027: 1020: 1016: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 976: 974: 970: 960: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 923: 913: 911: 907: 903: 899: 896:region up to 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 870: 860: 858: 854: 850: 849:Hussain Hotak 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 829:Hotak dynasty 826: 822: 818: 817:Mirwais Hotak 812: 811:Hotak dynasty 805:Hotak dynasty 802: 800: 796: 792: 788: 787: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 755:Timurid raids 752: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 713: 706: 703: 697: 695: 691: 681: 679: 675: 671: 667: 666: 661: 657: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 581:defeated the 580: 576: 572: 571: 570:Tarikh Yamini 565: 563: 559: 555: 552: 551:sheep-grazing 548: 547: 542: 538: 537:Qalati Ghilji 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 505: 501: 492: 490: 486: 482: 479:, written by 478: 477: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 437: 432: 428: 418: 416: 413:According to 411: 409: 405: 401: 397: 396:C.E. Bosworth 393: 392:Khalaj people 383: 381: 377: 373: 363: 359: 355: 351: 346: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 286: 285: 280: 279:C.E. Bosworth 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 251: 249: 245: 241: 240:Qalati Ghilji 237: 233: 223: 219: 215: 210: 204: 195: 190: 178: 174: 165: 161: 157: 153: 150: 147: 143: 140: 136: 132: 128: 125:, Stanikzai, 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 89: 85: 82: 78: 75: 71: 68: 65: 61: 49: 43: 38: 33: 30: 26: 22: 16:Pashtun tribe 2639:Khudiadadzai 2445:Sulaimankhel 2363: 2295: 2288: 2268: 2261: 2252: 2242: 2235: 2223:. Retrieved 2213: 2203: 2185:Google Books 2178: 2173: 2167:Google Books 2165:, p. 60, at 2160: 2155: 2146: 2137: 2125: 2113:. Retrieved 2109:the original 2102: 2092: 2083: 2072: 2057: 2043: 2038: 2017: 2009: 1999:27 September 1997:. Retrieved 1982: 1975: 1965: 1955: 1935: 1928: 1916:. Retrieved 1901: 1894: 1882:. Retrieved 1867: 1860: 1841: 1835: 1828: 1817: 1808: 1801:. Retrieved 1788: 1779: 1770: 1761:. Edited by 1758: 1753: 1744: 1724: 1717: 1707: 1700: 1680: 1670: 1648:(1): 23–52. 1645: 1641: 1631: 1620: 1616: 1610: 1585: 1578:. Retrieved 1574: 1552: 1543: 1531:. Retrieved 1524: 1515: 1496: 1490: 1479: 1475: 1469: 1450: 1423: 1374:Sulaimankhel 1144: 1122: 1099: 1093: 1050: 1035: 1030:Ashraf Ghani 977: 966: 925: 908:and eastern 906:Turkmenistan 872: 837:Mahmud Hotak 814: 784: 779:Pashtuns in 758: 728: 724: 722: 711: 699: 693: 687: 678:Turkmenistan 663: 647:Genghis Khan 621:gathered in 568: 566: 544: 529:Central Asia 514: 476:Ain-i-Akbari 474: 464: 434: 424: 412: 410:(977–1186). 389: 375: 371: 361: 357: 353: 347: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 306: 302: 282: 276: 252: 248:Kochi people 221: 217: 213: 172: 170: 131:Sulaimankhel 29: 3239:Darweshkhel 3005:Muhammadzai 2912:Mughal Khel 2879:Mahabatkhel 2869:Khwaja Khel 2761:Mohammadzai 2562:Gharghashti 2513:Kharotakhel 2411:Ibrahimkhel 1803:13 November 1364:Painda Khel 1343:Daulat Khel 1294:Kharotakhel 1257:Ibrahimkhel 1253:Hussainkhel 1102:Durand Line 954:, to reach 926:During the 781:Sardeh Band 627:Khwarazmian 603:Tokharistan 583:Hindu Shahi 380:hill people 352:, the name 345:in Pashto. 295:V. Minorsky 244:Afghanistan 107:Ibrahimkhel 77:Afghanistan 55: 1880 3324:Categories 3289:Ismailkhel 3253:Kabul Khel 3162:Shamankhel 2948:Ghoryakhel 2927:Tahirkheli 2917:Niamatkhel 2854:Kamal Khel 2839:Chagharzai 2592:Ibrahimzai 2416:Ibrahimzai 2378:Jabbarkhel 1993:1402172788 1462:References 1262:Ibrahimzai 1220:Jabbarkhel 1000:Tajikistan 996:Panj River 940:Hindu Kush 894:Azerbaijan 839:conquered 799:wild asses 712:Jahān Nāma 694:Jahān Nāma 635:Hindu Kush 579:Sabuktigin 541:Zabulistan 408:Ghaznavids 185:pronounced 111:Ibrahimzai 3216:Utmankhel 3193:Zaimukhts 3156:Bahlolzai 2981:Gumoriani 2897:Khadarzai 2864:Khan Khel 2849:Hassanzai 2844:Degankhel 2834:Balarkhel 2768:Musahiban 2647:Mandokhel 2585:Hafizkhel 2426:Musakhail 2219:"Ghilzay" 2115:24 August 1918:23 August 1662:162388463 1533:19 August 1330:Mian Khel 1209:Subtribes 1159:Dialects 1118:Jalalabad 956:Jalalabad 910:Kurdistan 890:Erekle II 831:based in 786:Baburnama 705:language. 643:Turkomans 619:Turkomans 575:Ghaznavid 558:wandering 525:Amu Darya 491:tribe)." 429:courtier 321:sources ( 273:Etymology 203:romanized 63:Ethnicity 3304:Storyani 3246:Utmanzai 3232:Ahmadzai 3129:Kharboni 3123:Khogyani 3054:Salarzai 3024:Shinwari 2997:Halimzai 2968:Mulagori 2954:Chamkani 2904:Utmanzai 2874:Madakhel 2859:Kamalzai 2811:Yusufzai 2789:Habibzai 2783:Popalzai 2755:Barakzai 2750:Alakozai 2745:Achakzai 2728:Ishakzai 2632:Jalalzai 2606:Yaqubzai 2599:Nattuzai 2579:Gandapur 2455:Tarakhel 2372:Ahmadzai 1827:, v. 2, 1678:(2003). 1478:ALZAY". 1404:Yusufzai 1393:See also 1383:Tarakhel 1215:Ahmadzai 1106:Kandahar 1046:Ahmadzai 969:Barakzai 948:Gandamak 886:Georgian 833:Kandahar 825:Safavids 708:—  702:Khallukh 623:Peshawar 595:Peshawar 587:Jayapala 562:pastures 521:Istakhri 465:ghal-zōy 267:northern 263:southern 155:Religion 145:Language 91:Ahmadzai 87:Branches 81:Pakistan 73:Location 67:Pashtuns 3186:Mamozai 3180:Orakzai 3136:Sherzad 3118:Khattak 3113:Dilazak 3103:Banuchi 3091:Bangash 3078:Karlani 3040:Kakazai 3034:Tarkani 3016:Sherpao 3010:Sherani 2991:Mohmand 2986:Kheshgi 2943:Gigyani 2922:Ranizai 2890:Abakhel 2884:Mandanr 2829:Babuzai 2819:Adokhel 2796:Sadozai 2718:Panjpai 2698:Badozai 2690:Durrani 2681:Sarbani 2663:Barozai 2652:Nasozai 2534:Harifal 2528:Sarwani 2520:Isakhel 2450:Tarakai 2421:Kharoti 2391:Alikhel 2386:Akakhel 2355:Bettani 1884:13 June 1829:p. 368. 1399:Durrani 1379:Tarakai 1350:Khaisor 1321:Harifal 1316:Shirani 1311:Sarwani 1267:Kharoti 1232:Alikhel 1227:Akakhel 1094:Kōchyān 1065:Kharoti 1061:Tarakai 984:Kharoti 882:Kurdish 855:at the 845:Isfahan 791:Katawaz 777:Mohmand 765:Timurid 649:at the 629:ruler, 591:Laghman 495:History 489:Sarwani 441:Bettani 404:Pashtun 362:Gharzay 358:Ghəlzay 343:Ghəlzay 335:*Ghalaj 232:Pashtun 222:Ghilzay 218:Ghilzai 205::  194:Persian 135:Tarakai 115:Kharoti 95:Akakhel 3284:Sakzai 3263:Zadran 3221:Wardak 3175:Muqbil 3170:Mangal 3151:Mahsud 3096:Baizai 3086:Afridi 3047:Mamund 3029:Tareen 2961:Khalil 2824:Akazai 2775:Nawabi 2733:Nurzai 2723:Alizai 2703:Barech 2492:Marwat 2486:Lohani 2432:Nasher 2406:Hotake 2401:Gulwal 2364:Ghilji 2303:  2276:  2225:4 June 2050:Online 2026:  1990:  1943:  1909:  1875:  1848:  1810:India. 1732:  1688:  1660:  1580:4 July 1503:  1369:Sakzai 1353:Tattor 1347:Dotani 1306:Marwat 1301:Lohani 1272:Nasher 1110:Ghazni 1089:Pashto 1081:nomads 992:Kunduz 902:Persia 888:ruler 767:ruler 763:, the 729:Khilji 725:Khalji 656:Multan 585:ruler 554:nomads 533:Ghazni 470:غل‌زوی 427:Mughal 354:Ghəljī 339:Ghəljī 327:Khalaj 319:Arabic 307:Qalach 299:Turkic 284:Khalaj 259:Pashto 236:Ghazni 177:Pashto 173:Ghiljī 149:Pashto 127:Sakzai 35:Ghilji 3299:Ludin 3268:Zazai 3226:Wazir 3206:Tanai 3201:Ormur 3143:Wazir 3108:Dawar 2740:Zirak 2708:Kiral 2657:Panni 2625:Bazai 2619:Kakar 2614:Jadun 2569:Babai 2541:Miani 2507:Niazi 2499:Tatur 2476:Kundi 2460:Tokhi 2440:Nasar 2396:Andar 2200:ḠILZĪ 1658:S2CID 1619:ĀN". 1415:Notes 1409:Kakar 1387:Tokhi 1359:Nasar 1326:Miani 1289:Niazi 1284:Kundi 1247:Babai 1242:Hotak 1237:Andar 1114:Kabul 971:Emir 898:Urmia 878:Andar 821:Hotak 773:Kabul 769:Babur 577:Emir 527:from 400:Turks 331:Qalaj 325:> 323:Qalaj 317:/ in 303:Qalaj 209:Xelji 198:خیلجی 164:Islam 139:Tokhi 123:Nasar 103:Hotak 99:Andar 48:Kabul 3294:Khel 3211:Turi 2976:Kasi 2713:Loni 2671:Safi 2574:Dawi 2481:Lodi 2469:Lodi 2301:ISBN 2274:ISBN 2227:2020 2202:" - 2117:2006 2024:ISBN 2001:2010 1988:ISBN 1941:ISBN 1920:2010 1907:ISBN 1886:2013 1873:ISBN 1846:ISBN 1805:2014 1730:ISBN 1686:ISBN 1582:2020 1535:2012 1501:ISBN 1445:, ). 1442:غلجۍ 1436:غلجی 1430:غلجي 1279:Lodi 1108:via 1063:and 841:Iran 797:and 795:deer 723:The 674:Merv 593:and 519:and 485:Lodi 449:Ghor 376:-zay 372:ghar 367:غرزی 341:and 305:(or 265:and 238:and 227:غلزی 220:and 181:غلجي 171:The 119:Lodi 23:and 3309:Zai 3061:Wur 2549:Sur 1650:doi 1338:Sur 1112:to 1091:as 1083:in 727:or 467:‌ ( 382:." 356:or 290:خلج 257:of 242:in 216:or 3326:: 2191:^ 2101:. 2071:. 1807:. 1796:. 1656:. 1646:10 1644:. 1640:. 1617:GH 1593:^ 1584:. 1573:. 1561:^ 1551:. 1523:. 1476:GH 1153:. 975:. 912:. 859:. 751:. 680:. 564:. 535:, 370:; 315:kh 200:, 196:: 192:; 183:, 179:: 137:, 133:, 129:, 121:, 117:, 113:, 109:, 105:, 101:, 97:, 93:, 79:, 52:c. 2339:e 2332:t 2325:v 2309:. 2282:. 2229:. 2198:" 2119:. 2032:. 2003:. 1949:. 1922:. 1888:. 1854:. 1738:. 1694:. 1664:. 1652:: 1537:. 1509:. 1168:ږ 1163:ښ 459:( 364:( 311:q 287:( 224:( 175:( 57:) 50:( 27:.

Index

Khalji dynasty
Khalji dynasty of Bengal

Kabul
Pashtuns
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Ahmadzai
Akakhel
Andar
Hotak
Ibrahimkhel
Ibrahimzai
Kharoti
Lodi
Nasar
Sakzai
Sulaimankhel
Tarakai
Tokhi
Pashto

Islam
Pashto
[ɣəlˈd͡ʒi]
Persian
romanized
Pashtun
Ghazni
Qalati Ghilji

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