910:
Bishri ranges, maximum temperatures in July often exceed 45 °C (113 °F). Sandstorms, common during
February and May, damage vegetation and prevent grazing. North of the desert ranges and east of the Al Ghab depression lie the vast steppes of the plateau, where cloudless skies and high daytime temperatures prevail during the summer, but frosts, at times severe, are common from November to March. Precipitation averages 250 millimeters (10 in) a year but falls below 200 millimeters (8 in) in a large belt along the southern desert area. In this belt, only the Euphrates and Khabur rivers provide sufficient water for settlement and cultivation.
707:
827:
890:
283:
906:
from the
Mediterranean, and the area, including the capital city of Damascus, becomes part of the semiarid climatic zone of the steppe, with precipitation averaging less than 200 millimeters (8 in) a year and with daily mean temperatures ranging from 5 °C (41 °F) in January to 29 °C (84 °F) in July and August. The vicinity of the capital is, nevertheless, verdant and cultivable because of irrigation from the Barada River by aqueducts built during Roman times.
815:
5031:
4624:
5041:
4634:
26:
3556:
754:
646:
454:
538:
554:, a mountain range paralleling the coastal plain, has an average elevation of just over 1,212 meters above sea level; the highest peak, Nabi Yunis, is about 1,575 meters above sea level. The western slopes catch moisture-laden western sea winds and are thus more fertile and more heavily populated than the eastern slopes, which receive only hot, dry winds blowing across the desert. Before reaching the Lebanese border and the
318:
290:
376:
360:
392:
304:
406:
346:
332:
3124:
3100:
855:, a river that rises in the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, and disappears into the desert. The Barada creates the Al Ghutah Oasis, site of Damascus. This verdant area, some 370 square kilometers, has enabled Damascus to prosper since ancient times. In the mid-1980s, the size of Al Ghutah was gradually being eroded as suburban housing and light industry from Damascus encroached on the oasis.
594:
902:
27 °C (81 °F) in August. Because the high ridges of the Jabal an
Nusayriyah catch most of the rains from the Mediterranean, the Al Ghab depression, located east of these mountains, is in a relatively arid zone with warm, dry winds and scanty rainfall. Frost is unknown in any season, although the peaks of the Jabal an Nusayriyah are sometimes snow-covered.
215:
on the
Lebanese border at 2,814 metres or 9,232 feet. Between the humid Mediterranean coast and the arid desert regions lies a semiarid steep zone extending across three-quarters of the country, which receives hot, dry winds blowing across the desert. Syria is extensively depleted, with 28 percent of
905:
Farther south, rain-bearing clouds from the
Mediterranean pass through the gap between the Jabal an Nusayriyah and the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, reaching the area of Homs and, sometimes, the steppe region east of that city. Still farther to the south, however, the Anti-Lebanon Mountains bar the rains
897:
The most striking feature of the climate is the contrast. Between the humid
Mediterranean coast and the arid desert regions lies a semiarid steppe zone extending across three-quarters of the country and bordered on the west by the Anti-Lebanon Mountains and the Jabal an Nusayriyah, on the north by
901:
Rainfall in the coastal region is fairly abundant, annual precipitation ranging between 750 and 1,200 millimeters (30 and 47 in). Most of the rain, carried by winds from the
Mediterranean, falls between November and May. Daily mean temperatures range from 7 °C (45 °F) in January to
834:
The country's waterways are of vital importance to its agricultural development. The longest and most important river is the
Euphrates, which represents more than 80 percent of Syria's water resources. Its main left-bank tributaries, the Balikh and the Khabur, are small perennial rivers that both
909:
In the southeast, the humidity decreases, and annual precipitation falls below 100 millimeters (4 in). The scanty amounts of rain, moreover, are highly variable from year to year, causing periodic droughts. In the barren stony desert south of the Jabal ar Ruwaq, Jabal Abu
Rujmayn, and Jabal
874:
are diverted for irrigation of the Hawran. Underground water reservoirs that are mainly natural springs are tapped for both irrigation and drinking. The richest in underground water resources is the Al Ghab region, which contains about 19 major springs and underground rivers that have a combined
615:
Plateau that receives rain-bearing winds from the
Mediterranean. All but the lowest slopes of Mount Hermon are uninhabited, however. Volcanic cones, some of which reach over 900 meters, intersperse the open, rolling, once-fertile Hawran Plateau south of Damascus and east of the Anti-Lebanon
740:. The area underwent irrigation improvements during the 1960s and 1970s, and it provides substantial cereal and cotton crops. Oil and natural gas discoveries in the extreme northeastern portion of the Jazira have significantly enhanced the region's economic potential.
534:. Syria claimed a territorial limit of 35 nautical miles (64.8 km; 40.3 mi) off its Mediterranean coastline. However, in 2003, Syria unilaterally declared its maritime zones, adhering to the 12 nautical miles allowed by the United Nations Law of the Sea.
436:. The climate is predominantly dry; about three-fifths of the country has less than 250 millimeters (9.84 in) of rain a year. Fertile land is the state's most important natural resource, and efforts have been made to increase the amount of
589:
rise to peaks of over 2,700 meters above sea level on the Syrian-Lebanese frontier and spread in spurs eastward toward the plateau region. The eastern slopes have little rainfall and vegetation and merge eventually with the desert.
850:
Throughout the arid plateau region east of Damascus, oases, streams, and a few interior rivers that empty into swamps, and small lakes provide water for local irrigation. Most important of these is the
835:
rise in the Syro-Turkish border region. The right-bank tributaries of the Euphrates are mostly small seasonal streams called wadis. In 1973, Syria completed construction of the
428:
The area includes about 185,180 square kilometers of deserts, plains, and mountains. It is divided into a coastal zone—with a narrow, double mountain belt enclosing a
570:. For centuries the Homs Gap has been a favorite trade, and invasion route from the coast to the country's interior and to other parts of Asia. Eastward, the line of
870:, is used to irrigate the area west of the Jabal an Nusayriyah, about 32 kilometers southwest of the port of Latakia. In the south the springs that feed the upper
2974:
1841:
922:
884:
3848:
725:. North of the Jabal ar Ruwaq and east of the city of Homs is another barren area known as the Homs Desert, which has a hard-packed dirt surface.
4589:
216:
the land arable, 4 percent dedicated to permanent crops, 46 percent utilized as meadows and pastures, and only 3 percent forest and woodland.
4996:
4173:
3053:
Taha, M.F.; Harb, S.A.; Nagib, M.K.; Tantawy, A.H. (1981). "Climates of the Near East". In Takahashi, Kōichirō; Arakawa, Hidetoshi (eds.).
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the Turkish mountain region, and on the southeast by the Jabal al Arab, Jabal ar Ruwaq, Jabal Abu Rujmayn, and the Jabal Bishri ranges.
3844:
56:
721:, extending northeastward from the Jabal Al Arab to the Euphrates. South of these mountains lies a barren desert region known as the
728:
Northeast of the Euphrates, which originates in the mountains of Turkey and flows diagonally across Syria into Iraq, is the fertile
4599:
4945:
4538:
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717:
The entire eastern plateau region is intersected by a low chain of mountains, the Jabal ar Ruwaq, the Jabal Abu Rujmayn, and the
5006:
3168:
4513:
3934:
3812:
4670:
4034:
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775:
667:
514:
Along the Mediterranean, a narrow coastal plain stretches south from the Turkish border to Lebanon. The flatness of this
475:
3929:
3857:
3831:
2960:; water pollution from dumping of raw sewage and wastes from petroleum refining; inadequate supplies of potable water
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3529:
3070:
3037:
801:
693:
501:
282:
783:
675:
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volcanic field that stretches all the way to Saudi Arabia. Northeast of Jabal al-Druze is a large lava field called
483:
4095:
3754:
858:
Areas in the Jazira have been brought under cultivation with the waters of the Khabur River (Nahr al Khabur). The
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3181:
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847:(Buhayrat al Assad), a body of water about 80 kilometers long and averaging eight kilometers in width.
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4508:
4473:
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3580:
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3115:
191:
to the south. It consists of mountain ranges in the west and a steep area inland. In the east is the
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768:
660:
468:
3773:
103:
Iraq 605 km, Israel 76 km, Jordan 375 km, Lebanon 375 km, Turkey 822 km
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706:
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8:
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3222:
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863:
737:
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4272:
4190:
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826:
168:
164:
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3409:
3355:
3227:
3189:
2986:
625:
567:
611:(Jabal ash Shaykh), also on the border between Syria and Lebanon, descends to the
558:
Mountains, the Jabal an Nusayriyah range terminates, leaving a corridor—the
4855:
4820:
4775:
4770:
4679:
4115:
4090:
4080:
4075:
3837:
3429:
3394:
3360:
3275:
2978:
2957:
629:
889:
4230:
4185:
4148:
4103:
3882:
3677:
3672:
3424:
3404:
3370:
3345:
2922:
617:
196:
124:
574:
is separated from the Jabal az Zawiyah range and the plateau region by the Al
5059:
5034:
4627:
4163:
3656:
3651:
3636:
3474:
3451:
3419:
3384:
3320:
3262:
3232:
3104:
3058:
2903:
871:
722:
579:
192:
3985:
3646:
3457:
3086:
3024:
Research Divi Federal Research Division, Federal Research Division (2004).
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859:
814:
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555:
212:
111:
98:
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5044:
4637:
4152:
3924:
3907:
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3310:
3242:
3237:
3109:
819:
732:
region. This region is watered by two tributaries to the Euphrates, the
575:
437:
616:
Mountains. Southwest of the Hawran lies the high volcanic region of the
3285:
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2791:
844:
523:
208:
148:
3631:
3340:
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2759:
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519:
229:
200:
160:
136:
25:
4241:
753:
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255:
is the second largest city in Syria, and the metropolitan area is a
233:). The governorates are divided into a total of sixty districts, or
3280:
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2998:
2775:
559:
537:
515:
252:
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3103:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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597:
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433:
264:
176:
526:
running down from the mountains to the sea. The major ports are
3687:
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3315:
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2874:
2870:
2787:
2783:
852:
612:
268:
260:
247:
188:
180:
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46:
830:
Syria is the twelfth most water stressed country in the world.
263:(population 2,301,570) in northern Syria is the largest city.
3555:
3305:
3177:
840:
621:
156:
3295:
2866:
563:
211:, the largest lake in Syria. The highest point in Syria is
184:
36:
593:
3139:
207:
built in 1973 on the Euphrates created a reservoir named
204:
578:, a fertile, irrigated trench crossed by the meandering
562:—through which run the highway and railroad from
3052:
241:), which are further divided into sub-districts, or
885:Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa
839:on the Euphrates River upstream from the town of
271:are Syria's main ports on the Mediterranean Sea.
5057:
2309:
1849:
1831:
1390:
930:
912:
893:Syria map of Köppen climate classification zones
862:, a minor river which marks the borders between
2911:35 nautical miles (64.8 km; 40.3 mi)
818:Flood in Northern Syria after collapse of the
4664:
4257:
3162:
782:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
674:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
482:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4671:
4657:
4264:
4250:
3169:
3155:
2956:deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion;
2936:
2751:
875:yield of thousands of liters per minute.
802:Learn how and when to remove this message
694:Learn how and when to remove this message
502:Learn how and when to remove this message
128:-200 m (disputed; administered by Israel)
2733:Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
2292:Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
1814:Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
1373:Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
888:
825:
813:
705:
592:
536:
66:185,180 km (71,500 sq mi)
3865:Popular Front for Change and Liberation
3046:
2964:Environment - international agreements:
274:
5058:
3063:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company
2828:
432:in the west—and a much larger eastern
4652:
4271:
4245:
3873:Political status of the Golan Heights
3150:
3055:Climates of Southern and Western Asia
2950:dust storms, sandstorms, earthquakes
3032:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 74.
843:. The dam created a reservoir named
780:adding citations to reliable sources
747:
672:adding citations to reliable sources
639:
632:that stands out in satellite views.
480:adding citations to reliable sources
447:
4678:
317:
13:
3176:
635:
14:
5077:
5039:
5030:
5029:
4632:
4623:
4622:
3554:
3127: This article incorporates
3122:
3098:
2823:Total renewable water resources:
752:
644:
624:population. This is part of the
452:
443:
404:
390:
374:
358:
344:
330:
316:
302:
289:
288:
281:
199:. The former is bisected by the
24:
545:
375:
359:
4997:British Indian Ocean Territory
4590:British Indian Ocean Territory
3087:"Worldweather.wmo.int — Syria"
3079:
3017:
2906:(75.9 km; 47.2 mi)
2741:Precipitation totals in inches
1822:Precipitation totals in inches
585:Inland and farther south, the
391:
303:
1:
3010:
2954:Environment - current issues:
2943:Environmental issues in Syria
2892:193 kilometres (120 mi)
602:Syrian Coastal Mountain Range
440:through irrigation projects.
405:
4013:Energy and mineral resources
3813:Supreme Constitutional Court
620:range home of the country's
607:In the southwest, the lofty
522:, is broken only by lateral
345:
331:
167:, at the eastern end of the
7:
4035:Water supply and sanitation
3935:Weapons of mass destruction
3838:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
183:to the west and southwest,
10:
5082:
3930:Chief of the General Staff
3858:National Progressive Front
3530:independent First Republic
3006:Environmental Modification
2940:
2737:
2729:
2312:
2300:Precipitation totals in mm
2296:
2288:
1818:
1810:
1393:
1381:Precipitation totals in mm
1377:
1369:
882:
878:
5025:
4984:
4944:
4686:
4618:
4577:
4537:
4279:
4208:
4129:
4056:
4047:
4005:
3956:
3947:
3898:
3713:
3704:
3665:
3614:
3576:
3572:
3563:
3552:
3484:
3467:
3369:
3261:
3215:
3197:
3188:
3116:Federal Research Division
3026:"Land, Water and Climate"
3003:signed, but not ratified:
144:
132:
119:
107:
94:
90:193 km (120 mi)
86:
78:
70:
62:
52:
42:
32:
23:
4746:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
4339:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2925:(Sea of Galilee) -200 m
743:
566:to the Lebanese port of
195:and in the south is the
5007:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4600:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3440:Principality of Antioch
3981:International rankings
3627:Anti-Lebanon Mountains
3291:Middle Assyrian Empire
3129:public domain material
3111:Syria: A Country Study
2991:Ozone Layer Protection
2937:Environmental concerns
2921:unnamed location near
2819:13.560 km (2003)
2752:Resources and land use
894:
831:
823:
714:
604:
587:Anti-Lebanon Mountains
572:al-Ansariyah mountains
542:
219:Syria is divided into
123:Unnamed location near
3786:Government ministries
3336:Neo-Babylonian Empire
3030:Syria a Country Study
892:
883:Further information:
829:
817:
709:
596:
540:
221:fourteen governorates
4921:United Arab Emirates
4514:United Arab Emirates
4098:(2011–present)
3994:Securities Exchange
3745:Council of Ministers
3500:Haj Fadel Government
3065:. pp. 232–239.
776:improve this section
668:improve this section
476:improve this section
420:class=notpageimage|
275:Geographical regions
197:Jabal al-Druze Range
171:. It is bordered by
4948:limited recognition
4541:limited recognition
3774:Golan Heights claim
3331:Neo-Assyrian Empire
3326:Syro-Hittite states
3216:Prehistorical Syria
2915:Elevation extremes:
2829:Area and boundaries
2313:Imperial conversion
1394:Imperial conversion
868:Latakia Governorate
710:Syrian desert near
552:Jabal an Nusayriyah
541:Topography of Syria
20:
5066:Geography of Syria
4025:Telecommunications
4018:Petroleum industry
3522:Mandatory Republic
3468:Early modern Syria
3223:Levantine corridor
3135:The World Factbook
2993:, Ship Pollution (
2983:Endangered Species
2825:46.1 cu km (1997)
2757:Natural resources:
895:
864:Tartus Governorate
832:
824:
715:
605:
543:
99:Total land borders
79: • Water
63: • Total
19:Geography of Syria
18:
5053:
5052:
4990:other territories
4646:
4645:
4583:other territories
4273:Geography of Asia
4239:
4238:
4204:
4203:
4043:
4042:
3943:
3942:
3832:Political parties
3769:Foreign relations
3700:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3550:
3549:
3510:Syrian Federation
3445:County of Tripoli
3400:Ikhshidid dynasty
3253:Yarmukian culture
2864:border countries:
2845:183,630 km²
2840:185,180 km²
2749:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2304:
2303:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1385:
1384:
812:
811:
804:
704:
703:
696:
600:, located in the
512:
511:
504:
187:to the east, and
169:Mediterranean Sea
165:Arabian Peninsula
154:
153:
71: • Land
5073:
5043:
5033:
5032:
5002:Christmas Island
4688:Sovereign states
4680:Climate of Asia
4673:
4666:
4659:
4650:
4649:
4636:
4626:
4625:
4595:Christmas Island
4281:Sovereign states
4266:
4259:
4252:
4243:
4242:
4224:
4217:
4099:
4054:
4053:
3997:
3996:(stock exchange)
3989:
3954:
3953:
3867:
3860:
3851:
3849:regional command
3840:
3711:
3710:
3683:Fertile Crescent
3574:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3558:
3435:County of Edessa
3415:Mirdasid dynasty
3410:Hamdanid dynasty
3389:
3356:Palmyrene Empire
3341:Achaemenid Syria
3228:Natufian culture
3195:
3194:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3126:
3125:
3119:
3102:
3101:
3091:
3090:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3021:
2987:Hazardous Wastes
2948:Natural hazards:
2909:territorial sea:
2900:contiguous zone:
2896:Maritime claims:
2855:Land boundaries:
2806:permanent crops:
2740:
2732:
2723:
2718:
2707:
2692:
2687:
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2220:
2215:
2204:
2189:
2184:
2173:
2158:
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2127:
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2111:
2096:
2091:
2080:
2065:
2060:
2049:
2034:
2029:
2018:
2003:
1998:
1987:
1972:
1967:
1956:
1941:
1936:
1925:
1850:
1832:
1821:
1813:
1804:
1799:
1788:
1773:
1768:
1757:
1742:
1737:
1726:
1711:
1706:
1695:
1680:
1675:
1664:
1649:
1644:
1633:
1618:
1613:
1602:
1587:
1582:
1571:
1556:
1551:
1540:
1525:
1520:
1509:
1494:
1489:
1478:
1463:
1458:
1447:
1391:
1380:
1372:
1363:
1358:
1347:
1332:
1327:
1316:
1301:
1296:
1285:
1270:
1265:
1254:
1239:
1234:
1223:
1208:
1203:
1192:
1177:
1172:
1161:
1146:
1141:
1130:
1115:
1110:
1099:
1084:
1079:
1068:
1053:
1048:
1037:
1022:
1017:
1006:
931:
913:
807:
800:
796:
793:
787:
756:
748:
699:
692:
688:
685:
679:
648:
640:
626:Harrat ash Shaam
507:
500:
496:
493:
487:
456:
448:
408:
407:
394:
393:
384:
378:
377:
368:
362:
361:
348:
347:
334:
333:
320:
319:
306:
305:
292:
291:
285:
28:
21:
17:
5081:
5080:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5021:
4989:
4980:
4961:Northern Cyprus
4947:
4940:
4682:
4677:
4647:
4642:
4614:
4582:
4573:
4554:Northern Cyprus
4540:
4533:
4275:
4270:
4240:
4235:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4200:
4125:
4111:Public holidays
4097:
4039:
4001:
3995:
3987:
3939:
3894:
3863:
3856:
3843:
3836:
3692:
3661:
3610:
3559:
3546:
3536:Second Republic
3480:
3463:
3430:Crusader states
3395:Tulunid dynasty
3388:(Bilad al-Sham)
3387:
3385:Caliphal Syria
3379:Muslim conquest
3365:
3361:Byzantine Syria
3276:Akkadian Empire
3257:
3211:
3184:
3175:
3132:
3123:
3108:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3073:
3051:
3047:
3040:
3022:
3018:
3013:
3001:
2979:Desertification
2966:
2958:desertification
2945:
2939:
2926:
2917:
2907:
2898:
2891:
2862:
2857:
2853:
2850:1,550 km²
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2817:Irrigated land:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2754:
2738:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2297:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1840:Climate chart (
1819:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1378:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
921:Climate chart (
887:
881:
808:
797:
791:
788:
773:
757:
746:
700:
689:
683:
680:
665:
649:
638:
636:Eastern plateau
548:
518:, covered with
508:
497:
491:
488:
473:
457:
446:
426:
425:
424:
422:
416:
415:
414:
413:
409:
401:
400:
399:
395:
387:
386:
385:
382:
379:
371:
370:
369:
366:
363:
355:
354:
353:
349:
341:
340:
339:
335:
327:
326:
325:
321:
313:
312:
311:
307:
299:
298:
297:
293:
277:
251:). The capital
163:, north of the
139:
127:
114:
102:
101::2,253 km
12:
11:
5:
5079:
5069:
5068:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5037:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4991:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4952:
4950:
4942:
4941:
4939:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4692:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4676:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4653:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4630:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4586:
4584:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4545:
4543:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4285:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4269:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4246:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4226:
4225:
4218:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4146:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4093:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4057:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4009:
4007:
4006:Infrastructure
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3991:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3910:
3904:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3883:Syria (region)
3875:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3766:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3757:
3750:Prime Minister
3742:
3740:Vice President
3737:
3736:
3735:
3725:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3678:Southern Syria
3675:
3673:Syria (region)
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3519:
3516:State of Syria
3513:
3505:French Mandate
3502:
3497:
3490:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3427:
3425:Saljuqid Syria
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3405:Zangid dynasty
3402:
3397:
3392:
3382:
3375:
3373:
3371:Medieval Syria
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3346:Seleucid Syria
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3267:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3207:Years in Syria
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3174:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3120:
3093:
3092:
3078:
3071:
3045:
3038:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3009:
2975:Climate Change
2941:Main article:
2938:
2935:
2928:highest point:
2904:nautical miles
2861:2,253 km
2830:
2827:
2813:70.73% (2005)
2753:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2726:
2720:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2689:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2534:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2472:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2410:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2294:
2293:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2248:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2124:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2093:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1938:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1846:
1845:
1837:
1836:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1739:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1708:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1615:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1267:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1143:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1112:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1050:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1003:
1000:
997:
996:
993:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
927:
926:
918:
917:
880:
877:
810:
809:
760:
758:
751:
745:
742:
702:
701:
652:
650:
643:
637:
634:
618:Jabal al-Druze
547:
544:
510:
509:
460:
458:
451:
445:
442:
418:
417:
411:
410:
403:
402:
397:
396:
389:
388:
381:
380:
373:
372:
365:
364:
357:
356:
351:
350:
343:
342:
337:
336:
329:
328:
323:
322:
315:
314:
309:
308:
301:
300:
295:
294:
287:
286:
280:
279:
278:
276:
273:
175:to the north,
159:is located in
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
134:
130:
129:
125:Sea of Galilee
121:
117:
116:
109:
105:
104:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
39:
34:
30:
29:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5078:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5036:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4987:
4983:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4971:South Ossetia
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4943:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4674:
4669:
4667:
4662:
4660:
4655:
4654:
4651:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4629:
4621:
4620:
4617:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4580:
4576:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4564:South Ossetia
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4267:
4262:
4260:
4255:
4253:
4248:
4247:
4244:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4004:
3998:
3992:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3657:Syrian Desert
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3637:Golan Heights
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3557:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3476:
3475:Ottoman Syria
3473:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3452:Ayyubid Syria
3450:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3420:Fatimid Syria
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:Aram-Damascus
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3263:Ancient Syria
3260:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:Halaf culture
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3172:
3167:
3165:
3160:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3130:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3106:
3105:public domain
3097:
3096:
3088:
3082:
3074:
3072:9780444418616
3068:
3064:
3060:
3059:New York City
3056:
3049:
3041:
3039:9781419150227
3035:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3016:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2949:
2944:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2924:
2923:Lake Tiberias
2920:
2919:lowest point:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2881:375 km,
2880:
2877:375 km,
2876:
2872:
2869:605 km,
2868:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2818:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2766:, chrome and
2765:
2761:
2758:
2736:
2728:
2696:
2665:
2634:
2603:
2572:
2541:
2510:
2479:
2448:
2417:
2386:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2295:
2287:
2255:
2224:
2193:
2162:
2131:
2100:
2069:
2038:
2007:
1976:
1945:
1914:
1913:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1817:
1809:
1777:
1746:
1715:
1684:
1653:
1622:
1591:
1560:
1529:
1498:
1467:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1376:
1368:
1336:
1305:
1274:
1243:
1212:
1181:
1150:
1119:
1088:
1057:
1026:
995:
994:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
932:
929:
928:
924:
920:
919:
915:
914:
911:
907:
903:
899:
891:
886:
876:
873:
872:Yarmouk River
869:
865:
861:
856:
854:
848:
846:
842:
838:
828:
821:
816:
806:
803:
795:
785:
781:
777:
771:
770:
766:
761:This section
759:
755:
750:
749:
741:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
713:
708:
698:
695:
687:
677:
673:
669:
663:
662:
658:
653:This section
651:
647:
642:
641:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
610:
603:
599:
595:
591:
588:
583:
581:
580:Orontes River
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
539:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
506:
503:
495:
485:
481:
477:
471:
470:
466:
461:This section
459:
455:
450:
449:
444:Coastal plain
441:
439:
435:
431:
421:
284:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:
244:
240:
236:
232:
231:
226:
222:
217:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:Syrian Desert
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
150:
147:
143:
138:
135:
133:Longest river
131:
126:
122:
118:
113:
110:
108:Highest point
106:
100:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
38:
35:
31:
27:
22:
16:
4986:Dependencies
4916:Turkmenistan
4881:Saudi Arabia
4579:Dependencies
4509:Turkmenistan
4488:
4474:Saudi Arabia
4144:Coat of arms
4066:Demographics
3966:Central Bank
3847: /
3808:High council
3791:Human rights
3718:Constitution
3596:Governorates
3564:
3494:Arab kingdom
3486:Modern Syria
3458:Mamluk Syria
3386:
3134:
3110:
3081:
3054:
3048:
3029:
3019:
3002:
2995:MARPOL 73/78
2971:Biodiversity
2967:
2963:
2962:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2946:
2931:Mount Hermon
2927:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2885:822 km
2873:76 km,
2863:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2801:arable land:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2756:
2755:
908:
904:
900:
896:
857:
849:
833:
798:
789:
774:Please help
762:
727:
719:Jebel Bishri
716:
690:
681:
666:Please help
654:
609:Mount Hermon
606:
584:
556:Anti-Lebanon
549:
546:Upland areas
524:promontories
513:
498:
489:
474:Please help
462:
427:
423:Map of Syria
259:on its own.
246:
242:
238:
234:
228:
224:
218:
213:Mount Hermon
155:
145:Largest lake
120:Lowest point
112:Mount Hermon
15:
5045:Asia portal
4946:States with
4866:Philippines
4806:South Korea
4801:North Korea
4696:Afghanistan
4638:Asia portal
4539:States with
4459:Philippines
4399:South Korea
4394:North Korea
4289:Afghanistan
3961:Agriculture
3918:air defense
3878:Nationalism
3538:(1950–1963)
3477:(1516–1918)
3460:(1260–1516)
3454:(1174–1260)
3351:Roman Syria
3243:Abu Hureyra
3238:Uruk period
1842:explanation
923:explanation
822:, June 2002
820:Zeyzoun Dam
576:Ghab valley
438:arable land
324:Deir-az-Zur
267:along with
257:governorate
227:(singular:
57:Ranked 89th
4926:Uzbekistan
4901:Tajikistan
4816:Kyrgyzstan
4796:Kazakhstan
4716:Bangladesh
4706:Azerbaijan
4519:Uzbekistan
4494:Tajikistan
4409:Kyrgyzstan
4389:Kazakhstan
4309:Bangladesh
4299:Azerbaijan
4179:television
4061:Censorship
3988:(currency)
3820:Parliament
3779:Iskandaron
3723:Corruption
3286:Canaanites
3011:References
2889:Coastline:
2792:hydropower
2764:phosphates
845:Lake Assad
792:March 2020
684:March 2020
520:sand dunes
492:March 2020
430:depression
209:Lake Assad
203:valley. A
149:Lake Assad
5012:Hong Kong
4966:Palestine
4891:Sri Lanka
4886:Singapore
4766:Indonesia
4605:Hong Kong
4559:Palestine
4484:Sri Lanka
4479:Singapore
4359:Indonesia
4121:Squatting
4096:refugees
4071:Education
4030:Transport
3971:Companies
3913:Air force
3890:Terrorism
3803:Judiciary
3764:Elections
3728:President
3632:Euphrates
3622:Al-Jazira
3606:Volcanoes
3591:Districts
3565:Geography
3542:Civil war
3532:(1946–50)
3524:(1930–46)
3518:(1925–30)
3512:(1922–25)
2968:party to:
2797:Land use:
2780:rock salt
2768:manganese
2760:petroleum
1835:Damascus
916:Lattakia
837:Tabqa Dam
763:does not
655:does not
463:does not
230:muhafazah
225:muhafazat
201:Euphrates
161:West Asia
137:Euphrates
87:Coastline
33:Continent
5060:Category
5035:Category
4956:Abkhazia
4906:Thailand
4861:Pakistan
4841:Mongolia
4836:Maldives
4831:Malaysia
4731:Cambodia
4628:Category
4549:Abkhazia
4499:Thailand
4454:Pakistan
4434:Mongolia
4429:Maldives
4424:Malaysia
4324:Cambodia
4231:Category
4191:Religion
4116:Scouting
4091:diaspora
3976:Industry
3900:Military
3845:national
3825:Speakers
3706:Politics
3615:Features
3281:Arameans
3271:Amorites
3202:Timeline
3182:articles
2999:Wetlands
2933:2,814 m
2776:iron ore
736:and the
560:Homs Gap
516:littoral
296:Damascus
253:Damascus
239:mintaqah
140:3,596 km
4931:Vietnam
4846:Myanmar
4826:Lebanon
4756:Georgia
4711:Bahrain
4701:Armenia
4524:Vietnam
4439:Myanmar
4419:Lebanon
4349:Georgia
4304:Bahrain
4294:Armenia
4215:Outline
4196:Smoking
4149:Cuisine
4131:Culture
4049:Society
3949:Economy
3666:Related
3652:Orontes
3581:Borders
3190:History
2879:Lebanon
2772:asphalt
879:Climate
784:removed
769:sources
712:Palmyra
676:removed
661:sources
630:Al-Safa
598:Slinfah
568:Tripoli
532:Tartous
528:Latakia
484:removed
469:sources
434:plateau
383:Tartous
367:Latakia
265:Latakia
245:(sing.
237:(sing.
235:manatiq
177:Lebanon
115:2,814 m
95:Borders
4976:Taiwan
4911:Turkey
4876:Russia
4811:Kuwait
4791:Jordan
4781:Israel
4741:Cyprus
4726:Brunei
4721:Bhutan
4569:Taiwan
4504:Turkey
4469:Russia
4404:Kuwait
4384:Jordan
4374:Israel
4334:Cyprus
4319:Brunei
4314:Bhutan
4139:Anthem
4086:People
4081:Hunger
4076:Health
3986:Pound
3688:Levant
3647:Hermon
3642:Hauran
3601:Rivers
3586:Cities
3496:(1920)
3316:Ugarit
3301:Yamhad
3180:
3107:.
3069:
3036:
2883:Turkey
2875:Jordan
2871:Israel
2859:total:
2848:water:
2838:total:
2811:other:
2808:4.47%
2803:24.8%
2788:gypsum
2784:marble
2770:ores,
2713:
2710:
2702:
2699:
2682:
2679:
2671:
2668:
2651:
2648:
2640:
2637:
2620:
2617:
2609:
2606:
2589:
2586:
2578:
2575:
2558:
2555:
2547:
2544:
2527:
2524:
2516:
2513:
2496:
2493:
2485:
2482:
2465:
2462:
2454:
2451:
2434:
2431:
2423:
2420:
2403:
2400:
2392:
2389:
2372:
2369:
2361:
2358:
2272:
2269:
2261:
2258:
2241:
2238:
2230:
2227:
2210:
2207:
2199:
2196:
2179:
2176:
2168:
2165:
2148:
2145:
2137:
2134:
2117:
2114:
2106:
2103:
2086:
2083:
2075:
2072:
2055:
2052:
2044:
2041:
2024:
2021:
2013:
2010:
1993:
1990:
1982:
1979:
1962:
1959:
1951:
1948:
1931:
1928:
1920:
1917:
1794:
1791:
1783:
1780:
1763:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1732:
1729:
1721:
1718:
1701:
1698:
1690:
1687:
1670:
1667:
1659:
1656:
1639:
1636:
1628:
1625:
1608:
1605:
1597:
1594:
1577:
1574:
1566:
1563:
1546:
1543:
1535:
1532:
1515:
1512:
1504:
1501:
1484:
1481:
1473:
1470:
1453:
1450:
1442:
1439:
1353:
1350:
1342:
1339:
1322:
1319:
1311:
1308:
1291:
1288:
1280:
1277:
1260:
1257:
1249:
1246:
1229:
1226:
1218:
1215:
1198:
1195:
1187:
1184:
1167:
1164:
1156:
1153:
1136:
1133:
1125:
1122:
1105:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1074:
1071:
1063:
1060:
1043:
1040:
1032:
1029:
1012:
1009:
1001:
998:
853:Barada
738:Khabur
734:Balikh
730:Jazira
613:Hawran
398:Apamea
310:Aleppo
269:Tartus
261:Aleppo
248:nahiya
243:nawahi
189:Jordan
181:Israel
173:Turkey
47:Levant
43:Region
5017:Macau
4936:Yemen
4896:Syria
4871:Qatar
4851:Nepal
4786:Japan
4761:India
4751:Egypt
4736:China
4610:Macau
4529:Yemen
4489:Syria
4464:Qatar
4444:Nepal
4379:Japan
4354:India
4344:Egypt
4329:China
4222:Index
4186:Music
4174:State
4169:Media
4159:Films
4104:women
3381:(636)
3306:Qatna
3248:Aswad
3178:Syria
3131:from
2843:land:
2834:Area:
841:Raqqa
744:Water
723:Hamad
622:Druze
412:Bosra
223:, or
157:Syria
74:99.4%
4856:Oman
4821:Laos
4776:Iraq
4771:Iran
4449:Oman
4414:Laos
4369:Iraq
4364:Iran
4164:Flag
4153:wine
3925:Navy
3908:Army
3796:LGBT
3755:list
3733:list
3311:Mari
3296:Ebla
3067:ISBN
3034:ISBN
2867:Iraq
866:and
860:Sinn
767:any
765:cite
659:any
657:cite
564:Homs
550:The
530:and
467:any
465:cite
352:Homs
338:Hama
185:Iraq
179:and
82:0.6%
53:Area
37:Asia
4988:and
4581:and
3140:CIA
2997:),
2902:41
2675:0.8
2644:0.3
2489:0.1
2458:0.3
2427:0.7
2396:0.9
2365:1.1
2203:7.1
2172:0.2
2079:0.4
2048:3.3
2017:7.9
1787:6.3
1756:3.7
1725:2.6
1694:0.3
1663:0.2
1601:0.2
1570:0.8
1539:1.7
1508:3.6
1477:3.9
1446:6.4
1346:161
1253:7.8
1222:4.5
1191:0.9
1160:4.5
1036:100
1005:163
778:by
670:by
478:by
205:dam
5062::
3138:.
3114:.
3061::
3057:.
3028:.
2989:,
2985:,
2981:,
2977:,
2973:,
2790:,
2786:,
2782:,
2778:,
2774:,
2762:,
2722:34
2717:58
2691:39
2686:69
2660:48
2655:82
2629:55
2624:92
2598:62
2593:97
2567:62
2562:98
2536:58
2531:94
2505:51
2500:85
2474:45
2469:76
2443:39
2438:66
2412:34
2407:59
2381:33
2376:55
2276:14
2265:26
2245:20
2234:21
2214:28
2188:13
2183:33
2157:17
2152:36
2126:17
2121:37
2095:14
2090:34
2064:11
2059:30
2028:25
1997:19
1986:17
1966:15
1955:23
1935:13
1924:28
1803:50
1798:63
1772:57
1767:72
1741:65
1736:80
1710:72
1705:84
1679:76
1674:85
1648:75
1643:84
1617:70
1612:80
1586:63
1581:76
1555:57
1550:71
1524:52
1519:65
1493:48
1488:61
1462:47
1457:60
1362:10
1357:17
1331:14
1326:22
1315:95
1300:18
1295:27
1284:67
1269:22
1264:29
1238:25
1233:30
1207:24
1202:29
1176:21
1171:27
1145:17
1140:24
1129:21
1114:14
1109:22
1098:44
1083:11
1078:18
1067:91
1047:16
1016:16
582:.
4672:e
4665:t
4658:v
4265:e
4258:t
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4155:)
4151:(
3170:e
3163:t
3156:v
3142:.
3118:.
3089:.
3075:.
3042:.
2739:█
2731:█
2706:1
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2582:0
2551:0
2520:0
2351:D
2348:N
2345:O
2342:S
2339:A
2336:J
2333:J
2330:M
2327:A
2324:M
2321:F
2318:J
2298:█
2290:█
2281:1
2250:4
2219:9
2141:0
2110:0
2033:7
2002:4
1971:1
1940:0
1909:D
1904:N
1899:O
1894:S
1889:A
1884:J
1879:J
1874:M
1869:A
1864:M
1859:F
1854:J
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1820:█
1812:█
1632:0
1432:D
1429:N
1426:O
1423:S
1420:A
1417:J
1414:J
1411:M
1408:A
1405:M
1402:F
1399:J
1379:█
1371:█
1052:9
1021:8
990:D
985:N
980:O
975:S
970:A
965:J
960:J
955:M
950:A
945:M
940:F
935:J
925:)
805:)
799:(
794:)
790:(
786:.
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691:(
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678:.
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499:(
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490:(
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472:.
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