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Geography of Chicago

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291:(127 cm). This marked the first time in three decades that back-to-back winters produced 50 inches or more of snow. Average winter snowfall is normally, depending on the reporting location, 43.1 inches (109.5 cm). The highest one-day snowfall total in Chicago history was 18.6 inches (47.2 cm) on January 2, 1999. Chicago's highest one-day rainfall total was 6.63 inches (168.4 mm) on September 13, 2008. The previous record of 6.49 inches (164.8 mm) had been set on August 14, 1987. The record for yearly rainfall is 50.86 inches (1,292 mm) set in 2008; 1983 was the wettest year before with 49.35 inches (1,253 mm). 2468: 241: 28: 3281: 275:, Chicago's highest official temperature reading of 107 °F (42 °C) was recorded on June 1, 1934. The lowest temperature of −27 °F (−33 °C) was recorded on January 20, 1985. Along with long, hot dry spells in the summer, Chicago can suffer extreme winter cold spells. In the entire month of January 1977, the temperature did not rise above 31 °F (−0.6 °C). The average temperature that month was around 10 °F (−12 °C). 20: 3271: 2337: 2315: 209: 2236:, the City of Chicago has a total area of 606.1 km (234.0 sq mi). 588.3 km (227.1 sq mi) of it is land and 17.8 square kilometres (6.9 sq mi) of it is water. The total area is 2.94% water. The city has been built on relatively flat land, the average height of land is 579 feet (176 m) above sea level. The 248:
This layer of ancient Silurian dolomite is usually hundreds of feet below the ground surface throughout much of the Chicago area. Exceptions include near the Stearns Quarry in the Bridgeport neighborhood, the quarry (now landfill) in Hillside, the lower Des Plaines River and the Calumet-Sag Valleys.
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are the three most populous cities of the U.S., yet Chicago is only half the other two cities' individual land areas. Chicago's nickname, "The Windy City," actually acquired from a political op-ed piece, fits the city well as its location on Lake Michigan moderates the climate and often provides a
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geological age, the area now known as Chicago was submersed under a warm saltwater sea. Limestone eventually formed from the decay and buildup of shellfish and other calcium-rich sea creatures. In the Chicago area, the limestone underwent a further transformation into dolostone. Dolostone is the
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and canal), could not initially attract substantial early settlement because the tall grass prairie around its lake and river systems was underlain by hard packed glacial clay, making much of the area forbidding wetlands. Thus, the paradox of Chicago's development as a city in the 19th century
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watershed. During heavy periods of rain or when the Des Plaines overflowed its banks due to downstream ice dams in the early spring, the river would flow through Mud Lake to the South Branch of the Chicago River, forming a favorite portage for early traders and creating the path of the future
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than rain. Chicago's snowiest winter on record was that of 1978–79, with 89.7 inches (227.8 cm) of snow in total. The winter of 2007–08, with more than 61 inches (155 cm) of snow, was the snowiest in nearly three decades, and the winter of 2008/2009 produced just over 50 inches
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Official records for Chicago were kept at various locations in downtown from January 1871 to December 31, 1925, University of Chicago from January 1, 1926 to June 30, 1942, Midway Airport from July 1, 1942 to January 16, 1980, and at O'Hare Airport since January 17,
101:. This plain has very little topographical relief; in fact, topographical relief is so unusual in the plain that what would be unnoticed hills and ridges in other locales have been given names. The highest natural point within the city limits is in the 2431:
and the tallest building built in the U.S. for nearly three decades) breaking ground frequently. This can be attributed to the precedent that Chicago has always had a history of frantic skyscraper building, mostly beginning after the
271:. Summers are warm and humid with a July average of 75.5 °F (24.2 °C). Winters are cold, snowy and windy with temperatures below freezing. Spring and fall are mild with moderate humidity. According to the 2920: 2763: 188:
surrounds the Chicago Plain. This surrounding area is hilly and higher than the Chicago Plain. Past the moraines, the land flattens out again, but is interspersed with a few deep river valleys such as the
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Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
205:. Here you may find rock cliffs and rock ravines, which are absent from the interior Chicago area (the ravines of the north shore and south suburbs are soil ravines without any rock). 2436:
when the price of land in the city increased dramatically. This caused architects to start building upward. Since this time developers simply follow the pattern set before them.
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Today, Chicago is going through a massive skyscraper building boom, with projects like 55 East Erie (the tallest residential building in the U.S. outside New York City) and
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Robert H. Mohlenbrock @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / USDA SCS. 1989. Midwest wetland flora: Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder
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The Silurian dolostone bedrock is also exposed at the ground surface when the Kennedy Expressway dips below the UP Northwest Line near Addison Street.
97:(which formed from the glacier's meltwater). The city of Chicago itself sits on the Chicago Plain, a flat plain that was once the bottom of ancestral 3310: 164:. When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s, the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the 2638: 2217: 1127: 2449: 2398: 3001: 176:
North of the city of Chicago, there are steep bluffs and ravines that run along Lake Michigan. In contrast, south of the city of Chicago into
2424: 3067: 3168: 2989: 2946: 237:. The dolostone bedrock rises close to the ground surface in this area, and hence this area has had active quarries since the 1840s. 3229: 2453: 168:'s mouth. Indeed, Chicago's low lying geography, which ultimately became crucial to its boom town development (as the site of the 2402: 2243: 108: 3236: 2428: 194: 2397:), Chicago has been at the forefront of skyscraper building ever since. Today Chicago can boast to having 2 of the 10 3032: 2380: 140:, so named because at a distance it looked like an island set in a trackless prairie sea. In fact, it and the nearby 2362: 3185: 3111: 2646: 282:
averages about 39 inches (990 millimeters). Summer is typically the rainiest season, with short-lived rainfall and
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Increasing Tree Diversity in Chicago's Landscape -Plant Native Non-Invasive Urban Tolerant Trees
3256: 3224: 2513: 2279:, references placed the geographical center near 37th and Honore Streets.) Chicago, along with 180:
it is without bluffs, but instead has sand dunes. The greatest example of these can be seen at
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Silurian dolostone bedrock exposed at ground level near the side of the Kennedy Expressway
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were both islands in Lake Chicago as it receded. On the North side, the diagonals
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By modern standards, Chicago has little reason to build up: being located in the
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more common than prolonged rainy periods. Winter precipitation tends to be more
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became taking advantage of this geography, but also overcoming its limitations.
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One special feature of the Chicago area was the now-vanished Mud Lake in the
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and five surrounding Illinois counties as well as the Chicago–Gary–Kenosha
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and Ridge Boulevard run along ridges that were once sandbars in the Lake.
2859:"Chicago, IL - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast" 2488: 67: 59: 2968: 27: 2271:, southeast of 28th and Leavitt Streets in an industrial area near the 19: 2461: 2308: 2303:(CSA) which is made up of nine counties, two of them in northwestern 2049: 2707:
Chicago Seasonal Temperature and Precipitation Rankings (11/25/2005)
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U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020)
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U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020)
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at 672 ft (205 m). In pioneer days, this hill was called
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bedrock beneath Chicago's dense layer of clay and glacial debris.
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National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office - Chicago, IL.
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National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office - Chicago, IL.
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Chicago's present natural geography is a result of the large
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TREE CENSUS- URBAN TREES AND FORESTS OF THE CHICAGO REGION
233:, exists just south of the city limits in the suburb of 2412:, it has plenty of room to sprawl outwards on almost 2603: 2601: 2949:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2927:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2829: 2598: 2220:(relative humidity, dew point and sun 1961–1990) 3297: 2275:. (Before annexations in the 1950s, notably for 2947:"Chicago/O'Hare, IL Climate Normals 1961–1990" 23:Geography of Chicago and surrounding counties. 3026: 229:The world's second largest aggregate quarry, 43:, United States, at the south western tip of 2913: 2679:p. 67 (Simon & Schuster, New York, 1996) 2427:(completed in August 2008, it is the second 1153:), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1871–present 302:), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1928–present 2756: 2460:). Trees native to the area, which are all 3033: 3019: 2393:After building the first ever skyscraper ( 2381:Learn how and when to remove this message 31:Satellite image of Chicago, October, 2018 3311:Geography of Illinois by populated place 2939: 2466: 2313: 2240:(geographical center) of the city is at 239: 207: 26: 18: 2744: 2742: 1836:Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 3298: 2787: 2785: 2399:tallest buildings in the United States 3014: 2921:"Station: Chicago Ohare Intl AP, IL" 2793:"NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data" 2764:"Station: Chicago Midway AP 3SW, IL" 2739: 2688: 2454:Central forest–grasslands transition 2330: 267:zone, and experiences four distinct 93:that carved out the modern basin of 2782: 2631: 13: 2837:"Chicago Midway AP 3 SW, Illinois" 216: 14: 3322: 2839:. Western Regional Climate Center 3280: 3279: 3269: 2969:"Geographic Midpoint Calculator" 2647:Northeastern Illinois University 2335: 162:Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canals 16:Geography of the city of Chicago 2995: 2992:Chicago Region Trees Initiative 2983: 2961: 2902: 2877: 2851: 2770:. National Climatic Data Center 2610: 2576:Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal 2273:Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal 2715: 2700: 2682: 2669: 2456:, which traditionally feature 1: 2624: 2293:Metropolitan Statistical Area 2227: 1766:Average snowfall inches (cm) 1138:Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV) 915:Average snowfall inches (cm) 2650:. p. 46. Archived from 2326: 2277:O'Hare International Airport 300:Midway International Airport 76: 7: 3040: 2564: 2361:the claims made and adding 2234:United States Census Bureau 1906:Average precipitation days 1482:Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 1342:Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 985:Average precipitation days 631:Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 491:Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 182:Indiana Dunes National Park 10: 3327: 2446:Temperate deciduous forest 2439: 2416:flat ground. There is the 2215: 1149:Climate data for Chicago ( 1148: 1137: 1125: 298:Climate data for Chicago ( 297: 256: 252: 3265: 3068:Colleges and universities 3048: 2444:Chicago lies between the 2425:Trump International Hotel 2301:Combined Statistical Area 2168: 2121: 2047: 1999: 1952: 1905: 1835: 1765: 1691: 1621: 1551: 1481: 1411: 1341: 1271: 1201: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1078: 1031: 984: 914: 840: 770: 700: 630: 560: 490: 420: 350: 345: 342: 339: 336: 333: 330: 327: 324: 321: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 265:humid continental climate 263:The city lies within the 2727:National Weather Service 2723:"January Weather Trivia" 2591: 2307:and one in southeastern 273:National Weather Service 2395:Home Insurance Building 2285:Los Angeles, California 2259:41.840675°N 87.679365°W 212:City limits of Chicago. 39:is located in northern 2514:Fraxinus pennsylvanica 2479: 2323: 245: 213: 124:41.703472°N 87.67694°W 91:Wisconsinan Glaciation 32: 24: 2534:Platanus occidentalis 2474:at Morton Arboretum, 2470: 2317: 2264:41.840675; -87.679365 1552:Mean minimum °F (°C) 1272:Mean maximum °F (°C) 701:Mean minimum °F (°C) 421:Mean maximum °F (°C) 243: 211: 49:Saint Lawrence Seaway 30: 22: 3306:Geography of Chicago 2817:. NWS Romeoville, IL 2795:. NWS Romeoville, IL 2677:City of the Century, 1202:Record high °F (°C) 1151:O'Hare Int'l Airport 351:Record high °F (°C) 129:41.703472; -87.67694 2657:on 10 November 2013 2539:Populus tremuloides 2504:Celtis occidentalis 2452:zone (specifically 2450:Temperate grassland 2255: /  1953:Average snowy days 1622:Record low °F (°C) 1412:Daily mean °F (°C) 1032:Average snowy days 771:Record low °F (°C) 561:Daily mean °F (°C) 120: /  54:at the site of the 2675:Donald L. Miller, 2529:Quercus imbricaria 2480: 2458:tall grass prairie 2434:Great Chicago Fire 2429:tallest in Chicago 2346:possibly contains 2324: 2295:(MSA) consists of 259:Climate of Chicago 246: 214: 52:continental divide 33: 25: 3293: 3292: 3176:Metropolitan area 2971:. GeoMidpoint.com 2694:The Chicago River 2544:Sassafras albidum 2524:Ostrya virginiana 2509:Fagus grandifolia 2499:Betula papyrifera 2472:American Sycamore 2401:and 9 of the 100 2391: 2390: 2383: 2348:original research 2232:According to the 2224: 2223: 2171:possible sunshine 2002:relative humidity 1142: 1141: 1081:ultraviolet index 278:Chicago's yearly 199:Des Plaines River 178:Northwest Indiana 153:Des Plaines River 64:Mississippi River 47:. It sits on the 3318: 3283: 3282: 3273: 3035: 3028: 3021: 3012: 3011: 3005: 2999: 2993: 2987: 2981: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2965: 2959: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2917: 2911: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2881: 2875: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2865:. Yu Media Group 2855: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2811: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2789: 2780: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2760: 2754: 2746: 2737: 2736: 2734: 2733: 2719: 2713: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2686: 2680: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2656: 2643: 2635: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2559:Viburnum lentago 2494:Acer saccharinum 2386: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2366: 2363:inline citations 2339: 2338: 2331: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2248: 1956: 1909: 1146: 1145: 1035: 988: 295: 294: 135: 134: 132: 131: 130: 125: 121: 118: 117: 116: 113: 105:neighborhood at 3326: 3325: 3321: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3316: 3315: 3296: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3261: 3073:Community areas 3044: 3039: 3009: 3008: 3000: 2996: 2988: 2984: 2974: 2972: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2952: 2950: 2945: 2944: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2907: 2903: 2893: 2891: 2883: 2882: 2878: 2868: 2866: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2835: 2834: 2830: 2820: 2818: 2813: 2812: 2808: 2798: 2796: 2791: 2790: 2783: 2773: 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79: 62:connecting the 56:Chicago Portage 17: 12: 11: 5: 3324: 3314: 3313: 3308: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3287: 3277: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3252:Transportation 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3233: 3232: 3225:Public schools 3222: 3221: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3200: 3199: 3198: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3150: 3149: 3144: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3109: 3108: 3107: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3086: 3085: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3049: 3046: 3045: 3038: 3037: 3030: 3023: 3015: 3007: 3006: 2994: 2982: 2960: 2938: 2912: 2901: 2876: 2850: 2828: 2806: 2781: 2755: 2738: 2714: 2699: 2681: 2668: 2629: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2619: 2609: 2596: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2573: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2441: 2438: 2414:Euclideanesque 2389: 2388: 2343: 2341: 2334: 2328: 2325: 2229: 2226: 2222: 2221: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 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3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3084: 3081: 3080: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3047: 3043: 3036: 3031: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3017: 3016: 3013: 3003: 2998: 2991: 2986: 2970: 2964: 2948: 2942: 2926: 2922: 2916: 2910: 2905: 2890: 2886: 2880: 2864: 2863:Weather Atlas 2860: 2854: 2838: 2832: 2816: 2810: 2794: 2788: 2786: 2769: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2743: 2728: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2708: 2703: 2695: 2691: 2685: 2678: 2672: 2653: 2649: 2648: 2640: 2634: 2630: 2613: 2604: 2602: 2597: 2587: 2586:Lake Michigan 2584: 2582: 2581:I&M Canal 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2571:Chicago River 2569: 2568: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2519:Juglans nigra 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2437: 2435: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2419: 2418:Chicago River 2415: 2411: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2385: 2382: 2374: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2344:This article 2342: 2333: 2332: 2321: 2316: 2312: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2289: 2286: 2282: 2281:New York City 2278: 2274: 2268: 2239: 2235: 2219: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122:Mean monthly 2120: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 1998: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1951: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1904: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1834: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1695: 1694:precipitation 1690: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1620: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1480: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1410: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1340: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1270: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1200: 1156: 1152: 1147: 1136: 1133: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1077: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1008: 1005: 1002: 999: 996: 993: 990: 983: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 917: 913: 907: 902: 897: 892: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 844: 843:precipitation 839: 833: 828: 823: 818: 813: 808: 803: 798: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 769: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 699: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 629: 623: 618: 613: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 578: 573: 568: 563: 559: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 503: 498: 493: 489: 483: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 419: 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 349: 305: 301: 296: 292: 289: 285: 284:thunderstorms 281: 280:precipitation 276: 274: 270: 266: 260: 250: 242: 238: 236: 232: 227: 224: 210: 206: 204: 200: 196: 192: 187: 183: 179: 174: 171: 167: 166:Chicago River 163: 159: 154: 149: 147: 143: 139: 133: 104: 100: 96: 95:Lake Michigan 92: 89:, namely the 88: 84: 74: 72: 69: 65: 61: 58:, an ancient 57: 53: 50: 46: 45:Lake Michigan 42: 38: 29: 21: 3121: 3095:Demographics 3053:Architecture 2997: 2985: 2973:. Retrieved 2963: 2951:. Retrieved 2941: 2929:. Retrieved 2924: 2915: 2904: 2892:. Retrieved 2888: 2879: 2867:. Retrieved 2862: 2853: 2841:. Retrieved 2831: 2819:. Retrieved 2809: 2797:. Retrieved 2772:. Retrieved 2767: 2758: 2751: 2730:. Retrieved 2726: 2717: 2710: 2702: 2693: 2684: 2676: 2671: 2659:. Retrieved 2652:the original 2645: 2633: 2612: 2484:Acer negundo 2443: 2422: 2407: 2403:in the world 2392: 2377: 2368: 2345: 2318:The Chicago 2291:The Chicago 2290: 2231: 1696:inches (mm) 845:inches (mm) 277: 262: 247: 228: 220: 175: 150: 146:Clark Street 142:Stony Island 112:41°42′12.5″N 99:Lake Chicago 80: 35:The city of 34: 3257:Visual arts 3237:Skyscrapers 3112:Expressways 2894:November 9, 2889:weather.gov 2690:Hill, Libby 2489:Acer rubrum 2464:, include: 2297:Cook county 2262: / 1908:(≥ 0.01 in) 987:(≥ 0.01 in) 221:During the 138:Blue Island 127: / 68:Great Lakes 60:trade route 3300:Categories 3169:Newspapers 3159:Literature 3127:Government 2975:25 October 2732:2012-03-21 2625:References 2371:April 2008 2355:improve it 2250:87°40′46″W 2247:41°50′26″N 2228:Statistics 1955:(≥ 0.1 in) 1126:Source 1: 1034:(≥ 0.1 in) 115:87°40′37″W 71:watersheds 3213:musicians 3154:Landmarks 3122:Geography 3105:companies 2661:28 August 2462:deciduous 2359:verifying 2327:Cityscape 2309:Wisconsin 2050:dew point 195:Fox River 77:Geography 3285:Category 3147:timeline 3142:politics 2953:July 18, 2909:ThreadEx 2869:June 29, 2843:June 12, 2821:June 16, 2692:(2000). 2565:See also 2288:breeze. 2238:centroid 2216:Source: 2169:Percent 2164:2,508.4 2057:(−10.2) 2052:°F (°C) 2048:Average 2000:Average 1692:Average 1617:(−22.5) 1612:(−16.0) 1567:(−11.2) 1562:(−17.5) 1557:(−20.3) 1079:Average 910:(1,038) 841:Average 766:(−21.4) 761:(−14.8) 711:(−15.9) 235:Thornton 223:Silurian 186:moraines 83:glaciers 66:and the 41:Illinois 3247:Tourism 3218:theater 3181:Museums 3137:History 3100:Economy 3090:Culture 3063:Climate 3058:Beaches 3042:Chicago 2931:May 14, 2799:May 14, 2774:May 14, 2440:Ecology 2410:Midwest 2353:Please 2320:skyline 2305:Indiana 2112:(−6.6) 2107:(−0.2) 2097:(12.1) 2092:(16.1) 2087:(16.5) 2082:(13.2) 2067:(−2.7) 2062:(−8.0) 1816:(0.51) 1607:(−8.2) 1602:(−1.3) 1592:(12.4) 1587:(12.5) 1572:(−3.6) 1542:(−4.2) 1527:(13.9) 1522:(18.4) 1517:(19.1) 1512:(16.0) 1507:(10.3) 1497:(−0.6) 1492:(−5.7) 1487:(−7.3) 1477:(10.7) 1472:(−0.8) 1462:(12.2) 1457:(19.1) 1452:(23.2) 1447:(24.1) 1442:(21.4) 1437:(15.9) 1422:(−1.8) 1417:(−3.8) 1407:(15.3) 1392:(17.1) 1387:(24.2) 1382:(28.1) 1377:(29.2) 1372:(26.9) 1367:(21.4) 1362:(15.0) 1347:(−0.2) 1337:(35.6) 1332:(13.6) 1327:(19.4) 1322:(27.6) 1317:(32.1) 1312:(34.0) 1307:(34.9) 1302:(33.9) 1297:(31.1) 1292:(27.2) 1287:(21.7) 1282:(13.8) 1277:(11.3) 965:(0.25) 756:(−6.8) 751:(−0.1) 741:(14.2) 736:(14.8) 721:(−2.1) 716:(−9.9) 691:(−3.7) 676:(15.1) 671:(19.4) 666:(20.1) 661:(17.1) 656:(11.3) 641:(−5.1) 636:(−6.9) 626:(11.3) 621:(−0.3) 611:(12.9) 606:(19.9) 601:(23.9) 596:(24.8) 591:(22.2) 586:(16.6) 581:(10.5) 571:(−1.2) 566:(−3.2) 556:(15.8) 541:(17.6) 536:(24.7) 531:(28.4) 526:(29.6) 521:(27.3) 516:(21.9) 511:(15.6) 486:(36.2) 481:(14.2) 476:(20.0) 471:(28.2) 466:(32.7) 461:(34.6) 456:(35.6) 451:(34.4) 446:(31.8) 441:(27.5) 436:(22.2) 431:(14.4) 426:(11.9) 269:seasons 253:Climate 158:I&M 103:Beverly 87:Ice Age 85:of the 37:Chicago 3275:Portal 3242:Sports 3203:People 3132:Harbor 2161:106.3 2158:113.3 2155:193.2 2152:226.6 2149:283.0 2146:318.4 2143:311.4 2140:281.9 2137:215.3 2134:187.0 2131:136.2 2128:135.8 2117:(3.8) 2102:(5.4) 2077:(7.6) 2072:(2.1) 1948:125.8 1896:(9.9) 1891:(3.8) 1886:(0.0) 1881:(0.0) 1876:(0.0) 1871:(0.0) 1866:(0.0) 1861:(0.0) 1856:(1.5) 1821:(4.6) 1811:(0.0) 1806:(0.0) 1801:(0.0) 1796:(0.0) 1791:(0.0) 1786:(3.3) 1761:(962) 1736:(108) 1726:(104) 1721:(114) 1687:(−33) 1682:(−32) 1677:(−19) 1672:(−10) 1642:(−14) 1637:(−24) 1632:(−29) 1627:(−33) 1597:(5.4) 1582:(7.8) 1577:(2.6) 1547:(6.1) 1537:(1.2) 1532:(7.4) 1502:(4.6) 1467:(5.2) 1432:(9.8) 1427:(3.9) 1402:(2.6) 1397:(9.1) 1357:(8.3) 1352:(2.1) 1158:Month 1027:127.0 970:(3.8) 960:(0.0) 955:(0.0) 950:(0.0) 945:(0.0) 940:(0.0) 935:(2.5) 885:(104) 880:(102) 875:(115) 870:(121) 865:(105) 836:(−32) 831:(−29) 826:(−19) 791:(−12) 786:(−22) 781:(−29) 776:(−32) 746:(7.2) 731:(9.6) 726:(3.9) 706:(−19) 696:(6.9) 686:(1.8) 681:(8.2) 651:(5.4) 646:(0.0) 616:(5.8) 576:(4.4) 551:(3.2) 546:(9.8) 506:(8.8) 501:(2.7) 496:(0.4) 307:Month 201:, and 3208:music 3191:Parks 3164:Media 3083:gangs 3078:Crime 2655:(PDF) 2642:(PDF) 2617:1980. 2592:Notes 2043:69.6 2040:75.5 2037:72.5 2034:68.6 2031:71.1 2028:70.7 2025:68.5 2022:65.6 2019:64.1 2016:64.9 2013:69.7 2010:71.6 2007:72.2 1995:27.8 1945:10.6 1942:10.0 1939:10.5 1927:11.1 1924:12.5 1921:12.3 1918:10.8 1912:11.0 1901:(25) 1851:(10) 1846:(16) 1841:(16) 1831:(98) 1826:(19) 1781:(14) 1776:(27) 1771:(29) 1759:37.86 1756:(54) 1751:(61) 1746:(87) 1741:(81) 1731:(94) 1716:(95) 1711:(62) 1706:(50) 1701:(51) 1667:(−2) 1647:(−3) 1267:(41) 1262:(22) 1257:(27) 1252:(34) 1247:(38) 1242:(39) 1237:(41) 1232:(40) 1227:(37) 1222:(33) 1217:(31) 1212:(24) 1207:(19) 1197:Year 1074:28.2 1024:10.8 1021:10.2 1018:10.8 1009:10.0 1006:11.1 1003:12.4 1000:12.0 997:11.1 991:11.5 980:(99) 975:(20) 930:(14) 925:(26) 920:(32) 908:40.88 905:(59) 900:(69) 895:(98) 890:(85) 860:(68) 855:(54) 850:(58) 821:(−7) 816:(−2) 796:(−2) 416:(43) 411:(22) 406:(27) 401:(34) 396:(39) 391:(40) 386:(43) 381:(42) 376:(39) 371:(33) 366:(30) 361:(24) 356:(19) 346:Year 3230:list 3196:list 3117:Flag 2977:2013 2955:2020 2933:2021 2896:2021 2871:2019 2845:2014 2823:2014 2801:2021 2776:2021 2663:2013 2448:and 2283:and 2218:NOAA 2115:38.8 2110:20.1 2105:31.6 2100:41.7 2095:53.8 2090:61.0 2085:61.7 2080:55.8 2075:45.7 2070:35.8 2065:27.1 2060:17.6 2055:13.6 2004:(%) 1992:6.1 1989:1.6 1986:0.2 1983:0.0 1980:0.0 1977:0.0 1974:0.0 1971:0.0 1968:1.0 1965:4.0 1962:6.4 1959:8.5 1936:8.5 1933:9.4 1930:9.7 1915:9.4 1829:38.4 1774:10.7 1769:11.3 1754:2.11 1749:2.42 1744:3.43 1739:3.19 1734:4.25 1729:3.71 1724:4.10 1719:4.49 1714:3.75 1709:2.45 1704:1.97 1699:1.99 1662:(6) 1657:(7) 1652:(2) 1615:−8.5 1605:17.3 1600:29.7 1595:41.8 1590:54.3 1585:54.5 1580:46.0 1575:36.7 1570:25.6 1565:11.8 1555:−4.5 1545:43.0 1540:24.4 1535:34.1 1530:45.4 1525:57.1 1520:65.1 1515:66.4 1510:60.8 1505:50.6 1500:40.3 1495:31.0 1490:21.8 1485:18.8 1475:51.3 1470:30.5 1465:41.3 1460:54.0 1455:66.3 1450:73.8 1445:75.4 1440:70.6 1435:60.6 1430:49.7 1425:39.0 1420:28.8 1415:25.2 1405:59.5 1400:36.6 1395:48.4 1390:62.7 1385:75.5 1380:82.5 1375:84.5 1370:80.4 1365:70.5 1360:59.0 1355:47.0 1350:35.7 1345:31.6 1335:96.0 1330:56.4 1325:67.0 1320:81.7 1315:89.7 1310:93.2 1305:94.9 1300:93.1 1295:88.0 1290:80.9 1285:71.0 1280:56.8 1275:52.3 1194:Dec 1191:Nov 1188:Oct 1185:Sep 1182:Aug 1179:Jul 1176:Jun 1173:May 1170:Apr 1167:Mar 1164:Feb 1161:Jan 1132:WRCC 1128:NOAA 1071:6.3 1068:1.6 1065:0.2 1062:0.0 1059:0.0 1056:0.0 1053:0.0 1050:0.0 1047:0.9 1044:3.9 1041:6.4 1038:8.9 1015:8.4 1012:9.3 994:9.4 978:38.8 923:10.1 918:12.5 903:2.33 898:2.73 893:3.86 888:3.33 883:4.10 878:4.02 873:4.53 868:4.75 863:4.15 858:2.66 853:2.12 848:2.30 811:(6) 806:(8) 801:(2) 764:−6.5 754:19.7 749:31.8 744:45.0 739:57.6 734:58.6 729:49.3 724:39.1 719:28.2 714:14.1 694:44.4 689:25.3 684:35.2 679:46.8 674:59.2 669:66.9 664:68.1 659:62.7 654:52.4 649:41.7 644:32.0 639:22.9 634:19.5 624:52.4 619:31.5 614:42.4 609:55.3 604:67.8 599:75.0 594:76.7 589:71.9 584:61.9 579:50.9 574:39.9 569:29.9 564:26.2 554:60.5 549:37.7 544:49.6 539:63.7 534:76.5 529:83.1 524:85.2 519:81.2 514:71.5 509:60.0 504:47.9 499:36.8 494:32.8 484:97.1 479:57.5 474:68.0 469:82.8 464:90.8 459:94.2 454:96.0 449:93.9 444:89.2 439:81.5 434:72.0 429:57.9 424:53.4 343:Dec 340:Nov 337:Oct 334:Sep 331:Aug 328:Jul 325:Jun 322:May 319:Apr 316:Mar 313:Feb 310:Jan 288:snow 160:and 2357:by 2311:. 2211:56 2208:37 2205:38 2202:56 2199:60 2196:66 2193:69 2190:68 2187:62 2184:54 2181:51 2178:46 2175:46 1899:9.8 1894:3.9 1889:1.5 1884:0.0 1879:0.0 1874:0.0 1869:0.0 1864:0.0 1859:0.0 1854:0.6 1849:4.0 1844:6.3 1839:6.3 1824:7.6 1819:1.8 1814:0.2 1809:0.0 1804:0.0 1799:0.0 1794:0.0 1789:0.0 1784:1.3 1779:5.5 1685:−27 1680:−25 1635:−12 1630:−21 1625:−27 1610:3.2 1560:0.5 1265:105 1245:101 1240:102 1235:105 1230:104 973:7.9 968:1.5 963:0.1 958:0.0 953:0.0 948:0.0 943:0.0 938:0.0 933:1.0 928:5.7 834:−25 829:−20 779:−20 774:−25 759:5.3 709:3.4 414:109 394:102 389:104 384:109 379:107 374:102 3302:: 2923:. 2887:. 2861:. 2784:^ 2766:. 2750:. 2741:^ 2725:. 2709:. 2644:. 2600:^ 2405:. 1675:−2 1670:14 1665:29 1660:42 1655:45 1650:35 1645:27 1260:71 1255:81 1250:94 1225:98 1220:91 1215:88 1210:75 1205:67 1130:, 1121:5 1118:1 1115:2 1112:4 1109:6 1106:8 1103:9 1100:9 1097:7 1094:6 1091:4 1088:2 1085:1 824:−3 819:20 814:29 809:43 804:46 799:35 794:28 789:10 784:−7 704:−3 409:72 404:81 399:94 369:92 364:86 359:75 354:67 197:, 193:, 73:. 3034:e 3027:t 3020:v 2979:. 2957:. 2935:. 2898:. 2873:. 2847:. 2825:. 2803:. 2778:. 2735:. 2696:. 2665:. 2478:. 2384:) 2378:( 2373:) 2369:( 2351:. 2322:. 1640:7

Index



Chicago
Illinois
Lake Michigan
Saint Lawrence Seaway
continental divide
Chicago Portage
trade route
Mississippi River
Great Lakes
watersheds
glaciers
Ice Age
Wisconsinan Glaciation
Lake Michigan
Lake Chicago
Beverly
41°42′12.5″N 87°40′37″W / 41.703472°N 87.67694°W / 41.703472; -87.67694
Blue Island
Stony Island
Clark Street
Des Plaines River
I&M
Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canals
Chicago River
Chicago Portage
Northwest Indiana
Indiana Dunes National Park
moraines

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