181:. Rubino said he procured the cards so he would be able to recognize the members of the royal family. He also said he did not regret his act and would have fired "at the King of Italy as readily as at the King of Belgium, because monarchs are tyrants who cause the misery of their peoples." He also asserted that he had no accomplices, although several people who were near Rubino when he fired the revolver asserted that he was accompanied by another man who escaped among the crowd.
166:, the Grand Marshal of the Royal court was seated, and he received broken glass in his face. The carriages didn't stop and continued to the palace. When he arrived in the royal palace, the Grand Marshal was questioned by officials. His uniform was covered in broken glass. The king and members of the royal family were told that they had escaped an assassination attempt. The king asked if anybody had been hurt and then continued his day.
31:
131:
In May 1902, Rubino's employment with the
Italian Secret Service was uncovered, and he was denounced by the international anarchist press as a spy. Evidently, Rubino then resolved to commit an assassination in order to prove his allegiance to the anarchist cause. As he wrote in a letter to his former
169:
All three shots missed, although one smashed the window of a carriage of Count
Charles d'Oultremont, who was almost killed. The king was saved by M. J. Bernard from Bar-le-duc who successfully disarmed Rubino. Paul van den Bosch, from Liege, caught Rubino by his throat and handed him to the police.
128:. He was unable to find work, however, until offered assistance by the Italian Embassy. He was then employed by the Italian Secret Service to spy on anarchist organizations in London. He was dismissed from the job, however, once embassy officials discovered that he sympathized with the anarchists.
188:, with some even speculating that the entire event was staged in order to justify subsequent police crackdowns against European anarchists. This speculation was fueled by early reports that the unfired cartridges left in Rubino's revolver were
212:
There was an issue: because the grand
Marshall of the royal Court count Charles d'Oultremont was related to Examining magistrate M. J. d'Oultremont, he had to be replaced by Mr. van Nerom to respect a neutral examination.
170:
The police put Rubino in a cab, which was immediately surrounded by an angry mob. The police had great difficulty in forcing their way through the crowd, which shouted alternately, "Kill him!" and "Long live the King!"
200:
After the attempt he was sent to the prison of Saint Gilles, where he received three glasses of beer for dinner and some bread. He was questioned by the
Examining magistrate M. J. Count d'Oultremont. Rubino chose
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in
February 1903. At the trial Rubino was unrepentant and even boastful, declaring that he had hoped to be able to kill the King, Prince Albert, and a few of the clergy. During the trial Rubino often expounded
268:
Some sources report Rubino's date of birth as
November 24, 1859, due to a discrepancy in the birth records of the city of Bitonto. The original baptism record, however, records the date as November 23.
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comrades, "perhaps tomorrow or after, I will be able to prove my rebellion in a manner more consistent with my and your aspirations." According to later police interrogations, he considered killing
108:. While serving in the Italian army as a young man, Rubino was condemned to five years' detention for writing a subversive newspaper article. In 1898, he was arrested again during
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The royal cortege left the cathedral. In the first carriage Prince Albert was seated with the king, and in the second carriage princess
Elisabeth was seated.
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in front of the Bank of
Brussels. After Leopold's carriage passed, Rubino drew his gun and fired three shots at the third carriage. In this carriage Count
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At the police station, Rubino was searched and found to be carrying a package of ball cartridges and picture postcards bearing portraits of King
Leopold,
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136:, but decided against it due to the strong feeling of the English people in favour of the monarchy. Instead he chose King Leopold II of Belgium.
369:
Milillo, 97. Original
Italian: "E forse domani o dopo, potrò dimostrare la mia ribellione in un modo più consono alle mie e vostre aspirazioni."
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It is thought possible that this individual was an accomplice who carried off the revolver which the police have not yet found.
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doctrines which, he said, recognized neither laws nor judges. The jury found Rubino guilty and the court then sentenced him to
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148:. On the morning of November 15, 1902, King Leopold was returning from a ceremony in memory of his recently deceased wife,
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The other chambers in the revolver proved to be blank, so it is presumed that those fired were equally harmless.
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116:. Rather than serving a lengthy prison sentence, Rubino fled the country. He first took up residence in
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192:. This was contradicted by later reports that Rubino's revolver was never found by the police.
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613:
Milillo, Stefano (2005). "Gennaro Rubino e l'attentato a Leopoldo II re del Belgio".
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Following the attempted assassination, anarchists further condemned Rubino as an
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Rubino took a revolver and waited for the King's procession among a crowd on the
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Rubino died on March 14, 1918, in Leuven Centraal, the main prison of
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205:, a socialist who had previously defended the anarchist
76:(November 23, 1859 – March 14, 1918; also spelled
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Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Belgium
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680:Italian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
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451:"Three Shots Fired at King of the Belgians".
403:(in French). November 17, 1902. pp. 1–2.
470:"King of the Belgians Attacked by Anarchist"
317:"King of the Belgians Attacked by Anarchist"
505:L'Institut Destrée: The Wallonia Policy Lab
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144:In late October, 1902, Rubino relocated to
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685:Italian people who died in prison custody
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84:who unsuccessfully tried to assassinate
700:Prisoners who died in Belgian detention
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337:"Attempt on the King of the Belgians".
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617:(in Italian) (80). Edipuglia: 85–97.
399:"Attentat contre le roi des Belges".
705:People convicted of attempted murder
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278:"The Attempt on the Belgian King".
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413:Journal De Charleroi 16-11-1902
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383:. November 18, 1902. p. 5.
341:. November 17, 1902. p. 8.
282:. November 17, 1902. p. 5.
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1:
569:"Life Sentence for Anarchist"
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16:Italian anarchist (1859–1918)
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536:"Anarchist Rubino on Trial"
432:Winn, Ross (January 1903).
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379:"The Brussels Anarchist".
553:"Trail of an Anarchist".
164:Charles John d'Oultremont
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586:"The Trial of Rubino".
353:"King Leopold's Escape"
104:, during the period of
650:1902 crimes in Belgium
499:Delhaye, Jean-Pierre.
216:Rubino stood trial in
196:Trial and imprisonment
35:Gennaro Rubino in 1894
710:Leopold II of Belgium
525:Meuse (La) 19-11-1902
476:. November 16, 1902.
455:. November 15, 1902.
422:Meuse (La) 25-07-1903
140:Assassination attempt
590:. February 11, 1903.
575:. February 11, 1903.
359:. November 17, 1902.
323:. November 16, 1902.
245:Notes and references
675:Anarchist assassins
655:People from Bitonto
557:. February 7, 1903.
542:. February 7, 1903.
434:"Editorial Comment"
106:Italian unification
100:Rubino was born in
660:Italian anarchists
573:The New York Times
540:The New York Times
474:The New York Times
357:The New York Times
321:The New York Times
179:Princess Elisabeth
124:and then moved to
670:Italian assassins
227:life imprisonment
209:, as his lawyer.
186:agent provocateur
80:) was an Italian
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63:14 March 1918
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65:(1918-03-14)
645:1918 deaths
640:1859 births
507:(in French)
241:, Belgium.
203:Émile Royer
110:bread riots
634:Categories
160:Rue Royale
96:Early life
51:1859-11-23
623:0392-1727
223:anarchist
82:anarchist
401:La Meuse
218:Brussels
146:Brussels
122:Scotland
607:Sources
511:23 July
118:Glasgow
102:Bitonto
90:Belgium
621:
440:: 1–2.
239:Leuven
190:blanks
177:, and
126:London
78:Rubini
233:Death
114:Milan
619:ISSN
513:2020
60:Died
41:Born
112:in
88:of
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53:)
49:(
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