1257:
307:
67:
3071:
47:
1213:
136:
1202:
2246:
74:
2307:
253:. The population of the city was estimated to be ca. 10,000 in the 1979 census and was estimated to be 70,000 in 2008. The majority of the city's native population is Pashtun. The city of Gardez is located at the junction between two important roads that cut, through a huge alpine valley. Surrounded by the mountains and deserts of the
2320:
During the 1970s, Gardez experienced a significant economic boom, primarily attributable to substantial financial support from
Germany. This infusion of funds catalyzed rapid growth in various sectors, such as infrastructure development, industrial expansion, and education initiatives. As a
2190:
Gardez is located in eastern
Afghanistan close to Ghazni and Khost. Gardez is predominately non-built up area with agriculture as the largest land use at 39%. Residential area accounts for almost half of built-up area and Districts 1-4 consist of the densest housing.
261:
are still crumbling on the hilltops just outside the city limits. The city of Gardez has a population of 70,641 (in 2015). It has 13 districts and a total land area of 6,174 hectares (23.84 sq mi). The total number of dwellings in this city is 7,849.
257:, which boil up from the valley floor to the north, east and west, it is the axis of commerce for a huge area of eastern Afghanistan and has been a strategic location for armies throughout the country's long history of conflict. Observation posts built by
2355:
representative, Randolph
Hampton. There are now over 30 PRTs in Afghanistan. The continuing challenge to bring electricity, medical clinics, schools and water to the more remote villages in Paktia are a result of ongoing security issues.
1386:
regime came to power in 1979. The communists lost control of most of Paktiā during the 1980s as the country plunged into war with only Gardez remaining in government control. In 2002, the city and surroundings was attacked by local warlord
1381:
for the development of Paktiā ("Paktiā Development
Authority", see above). This led to an economic boom in the 1970s. The number of shops in the bazar increased from 117 in 1965 to more than 600 in 1977. The project was unsuccessful as the
2368:. By the Afghan Militia Forces period (c.2002), the corps 'theoretically incorporated 14th Division, 30th Division, 822nd Brigade, Border Brigades, and approximately 800... in the Governor's Force in
2231:
had not yet reached the area. There was also a significant community of Hindu and Sikh shopkeepers who altogether ran 9% of the shops in the bāzār, mostly specializing in jewellery and cloth"
2325:, established in 1965, and of the asphalting of the road to Kabul. Social services included three schools for boys, one school for girls, a hospital, one teacher training institute, the
2509:
2321:
consequence, the city saw a surge in job opportunities, improved living standards, and a thriving business environment, marking a pivotal period in its history.
1453:
2317:
The city of Gardez is also a major fuel wood market for Kabul. Many of its natural forests are being cut down to provide fuel wood especially during winter.
2868:
Michael Bhatia, Mark Sedra, Michael Vinay Bhatia, Mark Sedra, 'Afghanistan, Arms and
Conflict: Post-9/11 Security and Insurgency, Routledge, 2008,
1243:
2778:
1000:
951:
2799:
2396:
3213:
2844:
1366:
province, which covers 650 km and had a total population of 44,000 inhabitants in 1979, but was almost totally depopulated during the
3218:
342:
98:
2830:
1176:
2955:
2352:
1447:
Gardez is located at 2,308 m above sea level, making it the third-highest provincial capital in
Afghanistan, and is not far from the
986:
706:
1339:
901:
2621:
1154:
961:
46:
931:
1236:
2585:
2560:
1436:
2845:"NPS.edu (Naval Postgraduate School) sourcing and identiyfying of tribal groups of districts in provinces of Afghanistan"
2513:
1399:
1181:
1171:
1164:
921:
2293:
1327:
in 877. However, the city remained under Lawik rule for about a century more. Around 975, Samanid-appointed governor
1124:
2275:
66:
1324:
1119:
2535:
2463:
1509:
1256:
1229:
1205:
1186:
1134:
996:
286:
2742:
2873:
2344:
2311:
2271:
323:
2774:
2948:
2756:
982:
871:
891:
1410:
1149:
971:
941:
3182:
1515:) with dry summers and cold, snowy winters. Precipitation is low, and mostly falls in winter and spring.
556:
382:
269:
fighters, becoming the nineteenth provincial capital to be captured by the
Taliban as part of the wider
3020:
2433:, the last Saffarid Emir who died in Gardez in 1009 where he had been sent after the Ghaznavid conquest
1303:, since they were associated with the Buddhist Kabul Shahis, and later with the Hindu Shahis (based in
821:
314:
2487:
2389:
332:
2724:
2987:
2941:
2923:
2659:
2256:
1429:
1403:
851:
160:
148:
2806:
2267:
2260:
3005:
2211:
1505:
1129:
881:
861:
412:
295:
270:
2611:
2227:
settlements sparsely distributed in southeastern
Afghanistan that are remnants of a time when
3090:
3025:
2642:
2218:
1367:
462:
2693:
306:
3015:
2412:
2385:
1320:
1268:
Gardez is an ancient settlement, located within a large intramountainous depression in the
1338:
During the 16th-century, Gardez was renowned for its multi-storied houses—as mentioned by
1331:
besieged Gardez but was killed by Lawiks during the attack. In 1162, the city fell to the
8:
3035:
2424:
1159:
1139:
258:
3000:
2995:
1485:
1269:
1217:
696:
566:
511:
432:
2646:
3151:
3136:
3045:
2869:
2824:
2689:
2617:
2132:
2084:
1465:
1388:
1374:
1144:
626:
596:
372:
1460:. The city is watered by the upper course of the Gardez River, which flows into the
3030:
2887:
2709:
2430:
1079:
716:
646:
352:
230:
26:
3060:
3050:
3010:
2964:
2443:
2369:
2348:
2228:
2223:"They were mainly Fārsīwān Tājīks, Gardīz belonging to a network of old isolated
1363:
1356:
1304:
911:
636:
472:
422:
392:
246:
222:
165:
153:
2679:, ed. Sotūda, p. 71, tr. Minorsky, p. 91; Bivar & Bosworth, 1965, pp. 17 ff.
2589:
2564:
2224:
3187:
3040:
2381:
2200:
1414:
1332:
1261:
841:
766:
756:
676:
656:
586:
492:
442:
242:
2613:
Hunnic
Peoples in Central and South Asia: Sources for their Origin and History
3207:
3156:
3141:
3055:
1922:
1439:
two days earlier; the
Taliban denied responsibility for the hospital attack.
1378:
1349:
1323:, Abu Mansur Aflah Lawik was reduced to a tributary status in Gardez by Emir
1315:
and suffered several attacks by anti-Kharijite military chiefs. According to
1292:
1089:
1044:
831:
811:
791:
686:
616:
452:
402:
113:
100:
2757:"Truck bomb in eastern Afghan city kills five, Taliban claim responsibility"
2336:. Most of these buildings were destroyed during the civil war in the 1980s.
2974:
2400:
2204:
1432:
1392:
1281:
1064:
801:
746:
576:
3146:
3095:
2418:
2365:
1461:
1377:
had their biggest rural development project with a budget of 2.5 million
1285:
1084:
1011:
546:
501:
250:
141:
3070:
2539:
2467:
2199:
As of 2008, the population of Gardez was estimated to be around 73,131.
1451:
region of caves and tunnels. The "old town", located at the foot of the
3161:
3110:
1481:
1417:
1328:
1099:
1074:
1069:
726:
666:
521:
254:
194:
2403:
threatening people with attacks if they participated in the election.
1428:
claimed this as a revenge attack against the Afghan government, after
3166:
3105:
3100:
2421:, 11th-century Sufi saint who established himself in Multan, Pakistan
2210:
Majority of the people living in Gardez are pashtuns primarly of the
1448:
1383:
1344:
1277:
1039:
736:
482:
209:
204:
2384:. The corps was disbanded around 2003-2005 and replaced in the new
2351:
near Gardez in early March 2003, headed by the US Army along with a
2245:
3115:
1464:
lake. Gardez is located at a junction between two important roads,
1457:
1421:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1295:
rulers of the region adopted Islam. They formerly practiced either
1059:
52:
2933:
2926:, "Notes on the Pre-Ghaznavid History of Eastern Afghanistan", in
2221:
states that the population of the city was 9,550 in 1979 and that
1264:, consecrated by King "Khingala". Dated to the mid-8th century CE.
2377:
2340:
2327:
1425:
1054:
606:
266:
1362:
Today, Gardez is the administrative center of a district of the
3192:
3120:
2917:
2373:
2333:
1477:
1273:
1094:
1049:
2399:, six people were arrested on 19 August 2009 for distributing
1272:
of eastern Afghanistan. Archaeological discoveries, including
3085:
2913:
2743:"Official Says Suicide Attack in Eastern Afghanistan Kills 5"
1493:
1489:
1473:
1469:
1398:
On January 4, 2002, the first American soldier to die in the
362:
2306:
2664:
The Medieval History of Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia
1424:
and injured at least 29 others near a court in Gardez. The
2658:
1395:'s administration only to be refused by tribal elders.
1288:
coins give an insight into the rich history of Gardez.
1488:. Gardez is 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of
2910:
Report on Hydrogeological Survey of Paktya Province
2364:Gardez was the former home of the 3rd Corps of the
2395:According to local Police Chief Brigadier General
3205:
2510:"AUP takes the reins from US soldiers in Gardez"
2779:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2949:
2885:
2406:
2235:
1237:
2888:"10 detained for distributing night letters"
2427:, President of Afghanistan from 1987 to 1992
2203:make up ca. 70% of the population while the
2695:The Bābur-nāma in English, Memoirs of Bābur
2274:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2956:
2942:
1244:
1230:
2688:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2353:U.S. Agency for International Development
2294:Learn how and when to remove this message
1492:and 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of
2561:"The State of Afghan Cities report 2015"
2464:"The State of Afghan Cities report 2015"
2359:
2347:(PRT) in Afghanistan was established in
2305:
1255:
265:On 14 August 2021, Gardez was seized by
2586:"The State of Afghan Cities report2015"
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2536:"The State of Afghan Cities report2015"
2449:
2415:, 11th-century geographer and historian
1437:attack at a maternity hospital in Kabul
1391:, who was chosen as Paktia governor by
3206:
2829:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2666:. Variorum Reprints. pp. 302–303.
2630:
2609:
2512:. U.S. Central Command. Archived from
2937:
2725:"Afghan Warlord Defiant Amid Threats"
2682:
1260:Marble statue of the elephant-headed
2767:
2749:
2546:
2507:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2312:Provincial reconstruction team (PRT)
2272:adding citations to reliable sources
2239:
1359:", whose people were "Afghān-Shāl".
16:City in Paktia Province, Afghanistan
3214:Populated places in Paktia Province
2963:
2722:
2456:
1311:). Gardez later became a center of
234:
226:
30:
13:
3219:Provincial capitals in Afghanistan
2775:"Gardiz Climate Normals 1961-1990"
2710:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
14:
3230:
2745:. Associated Press. May 14, 2020.
2474:
241:, meaning "mountain fortress" in
3069:
2886:Niazai, Lemar (19 August 2009).
2610:Balogh, Dániel (12 March 2020).
2485:
2244:
2207:community accounts for ca. 30%.
1348:—and was the headquarter of the
1211:
1201:
1200:
305:
134:
72:
65:
45:
2879:
2862:
2837:
2792:
2735:
2716:
2702:
2670:
2584:
2559:
2534:
2508:Scar, Ken (February 22, 2012).
2462:
2194:
2652:
2603:
2578:
2528:
2501:
2345:Provincial Reconstruction Team
2323:"Paktiā Development Authority"
73:
1:
2902:
2641:Daniel Balland, "GARDĪZ", in
1510:Köppen climate classification
1325:Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar
1442:
1307:, in present-day north-west
175:2,308 m (7,572 ft)
55:in the center of Gardez City
7:
2690:Beveridge, Annette Susannah
2437:
2185:
1781:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1641:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1177:Hindu and Buddhist heritage
987:Transitional Administration
557:Principality of Chaghaniyan
212:(Afghanistan Standard Time)
10:
3235:
2407:Notable people from Gardez
2236:Economy and administration
2178:Source: NOAA (1970-1983)
2177:
1521:
1499:
1033:Related historical regions
276:
3175:
3129:
3078:
3067:
2986:
2971:
2616:. Barkhuis. p. 106.
2130:
2082:
2038:
1994:
1920:
1850:
1780:
1710:
1640:
1570:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1435:blamed the group for the
333:Indus Valley civilisation
203:
192:
184:
179:
171:
159:
147:
129:
94:
60:
44:
37:
21:
2928:The Islamic Quarterly IX
2660:Clifford Edmund Bosworth
2332:, two hotels, and forty
1522:Climate data for Gardez
1406:, was killed in Gardez.
1291:During 8th century, the
852:Principality of Qandahar
245:) is the capital of the
1402:, Sergeant First Class
1319:, written by historian
86:Location in Afghanistan
2339:After the fall of the
2314:
1506:cold semi-arid climate
1265:
1218:Afghanistan portal
1155:List of heads of state
413:Greco-Bactrian kingdom
271:2021 Taliban offensive
2643:Encyclopaedia Iranica
2516:on September 23, 2015
2360:Security and politics
2310:Gardez has the first
2309:
2219:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1259:
463:Indo-Parthian kingdom
443:Indo-Scythian kingdom
114:33.60000°N 69.21694°E
2698:. Project Gutenberg.
2450:References and notes
2386:Afghan National Army
2268:improve this section
1571:Record high °C (°F)
1476:, the other linking
2425:Mohammad Najibullah
2039:Average snowy days
1995:Average rainy days
1851:Record low °C (°F)
1711:Daily mean °C (°F)
922:Democratic Republic
259:Alexander the Great
110: /
2692:(7 January 2014).
2645:(Online Edition, (
2315:
1486:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1400:War in Afghanistan
1270:Sulaiman Mountains
1266:
1125:Political violence
932:Tanai coup attempt
567:Rashidun Caliphate
512:Hephthalite Empire
433:Indo-Greek kingdom
119:33.60000; 69.21694
3201:
3200:
3152:Shah-i-Kot Valley
3137:Khost-Gardez Pass
2892:Pajhwok Elections
2623:978-94-93194-01-4
2413:Abu Sa'id Gardezi
2397:Aziz Ahmad Wardak
2304:
2303:
2296:
2182:
2181:
2085:relative humidity
1389:Pacha Khan Zadran
1375:German government
1368:Soviet–Afghan War
1321:Abu Sa'id Gardezi
1254:
1253:
1145:Afghan (ethnonym)
1120:Political history
1024:
1023:
872:Saqqawist Emirate
822:Sadozai Sultanate
775:
774:
561:7th–8th centuries
530:
529:
383:Macedonian Empire
373:Achaemenid Empire
343:Oxus civilization
216:
215:
185: • City
3226:
3079:Populated places
3073:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2935:
2934:
2896:
2895:
2883:
2877:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2811:
2805:. Archived from
2804:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2723:Holguin, Jaime.
2720:
2714:
2713:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2656:
2650:
2639:
2628:
2627:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2588:. Archived from
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2563:. Archived from
2557:
2544:
2543:
2538:. Archived from
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2483:
2472:
2471:
2466:. Archived from
2460:
2431:Khalaf ibn Ahmad
2299:
2292:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2248:
2240:
1519:
1518:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1204:
1203:
1187:Muslim conquests
1172:Hinduism history
1135:Economic history
1019:
997:Islamic Republic
788:
787:
717:Chagatai Khanate
543:
542:
483:Kidarite kingdom
353:Gandhara kingdom
329:
328:
309:
299:
281:
280:
236:
228:
140:
138:
137:
125:
124:
122:
121:
120:
115:
111:
108:
107:
106:
103:
76:
75:
69:
49:
32:
19:
18:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3171:
3125:
3074:
3065:
2982:
2967:
2965:Paktia Province
2962:
2905:
2900:
2899:
2884:
2880:
2867:
2863:
2853:
2851:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2822:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2800:"Archived copy"
2798:
2797:
2793:
2783:
2781:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2763:. May 14, 2020.
2761:www.reuters.com
2755:
2754:
2750:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2729:www.cbsnews.com
2721:
2717:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2687:
2683:
2677:"Hodūd al-Ālam"
2675:
2671:
2657:
2653:
2640:
2631:
2624:
2608:
2604:
2595:
2593:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2568:
2558:
2547:
2533:
2529:
2519:
2517:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2475:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2444:Paktia Province
2440:
2409:
2382:Khost Provinces
2362:
2300:
2289:
2283:
2280:
2265:
2249:
2238:
2197:
2188:
2183:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1502:
1445:
1250:
1212:
1210:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1034:
1026:
1025:
1017:
1012:Islamic Emirate
952:Islamic Emirate
912:Saur Revolution
785:
777:
776:
707:Mongol Invasion
681:before 879–1215
540:
532:
531:
473:Sasanian Empire
457:135 BC – 248 AD
423:Parthian Empire
393:Seleucid Empire
326:
297:
290:
279:
247:Paktia Province
166:Gardez District
154:Paktia Province
135:
133:
118:
116:
112:
109:
104:
101:
99:
97:
96:
90:
89:
88:
87:
84:
83:
82:
81:
77:
56:
51:The Bala Hesar
40:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3232:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3188:Gardez Airport
3185:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3075:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2921:
2908:S. Radojicic,
2904:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2878:
2861:
2836:
2791:
2766:
2748:
2734:
2715:
2701:
2681:
2669:
2651:
2629:
2622:
2602:
2577:
2545:
2542:on 2015-10-31.
2527:
2500:
2473:
2470:on 2015-10-31.
2454:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2408:
2405:
2361:
2358:
2302:
2301:
2284:September 2023
2252:
2250:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2196:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2133:sunshine hours
2128:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1517:
1501:
1498:
1484:in Pakistan's
1444:
1441:
1404:Nathan Chapman
1333:Ghurid dynasty
1317:Zayn al-Akhbar
1262:Gardez Ganesha
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1208:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1182:Jewish history
1179:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:Related topics
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1008:
1007:
1004:
993:
992:
989:
979:
978:
975:
968:
967:
964:
958:
957:
954:
948:
947:
944:
938:
937:
934:
928:
927:
924:
918:
917:
914:
908:
907:
904:
898:
897:
894:
888:
887:
884:
878:
877:
874:
868:
867:
864:
858:
857:
854:
848:
847:
844:
842:Durrani Empire
838:
837:
834:
828:
827:
824:
818:
817:
814:
808:
807:
804:
798:
797:
794:
786:
783:
782:
779:
778:
773:
772:
769:
763:
762:
759:
753:
752:
749:
743:
742:
739:
733:
732:
729:
723:
722:
719:
713:
712:
709:
703:
702:
699:
693:
692:
689:
683:
682:
679:
673:
672:
669:
663:
662:
659:
653:
652:
649:
643:
642:
639:
633:
632:
629:
623:
622:
619:
613:
612:
609:
603:
602:
599:
593:
592:
589:
587:Tibetan Empire
583:
582:
579:
573:
572:
569:
563:
562:
559:
553:
552:
549:
541:
538:
537:
534:
533:
528:
527:
524:
518:
517:
514:
508:
507:
504:
498:
497:
495:
489:
488:
485:
479:
478:
475:
469:
468:
467:20 BC – 50? AD
465:
459:
458:
455:
449:
448:
445:
439:
438:
435:
429:
428:
425:
419:
418:
415:
409:
408:
405:
399:
398:
395:
389:
388:
385:
379:
378:
375:
369:
368:
365:
359:
358:
355:
349:
348:
345:
339:
338:
335:
327:
322:
321:
318:
317:
311:
310:
302:
301:
292:
291:
284:
278:
275:
243:Middle Persian
214:
213:
207:
201:
200:
197:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
151:
145:
144:
131:
127:
126:
92:
91:
85:
79:
78:
71:
70:
64:
63:
62:
61:
58:
57:
50:
42:
41:
38:
35:
34:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3231:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3157:Surkhab River
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3142:Mount Sikaram
3140:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3006:Dand Aw Patan
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2970:
2966:
2959:
2954:
2952:
2947:
2945:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2929:
2925:
2924:C.E. Bosworth
2922:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2832:
2826:
2812:on 2012-03-04
2808:
2801:
2795:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2744:
2738:
2730:
2726:
2719:
2711:
2705:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2685:
2678:
2673:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2648:
2644:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2625:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2606:
2592:on 2015-10-31
2591:
2587:
2581:
2567:on 2015-10-31
2566:
2562:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2515:
2511:
2504:
2489:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2455:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2404:
2402:
2401:night letters
2398:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2298:
2295:
2287:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2253:This section
2251:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2220:
2215:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2192:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:Mean monthly
2129:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1924:
1923:precipitation
1919:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1504:Gardez has a
1497:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1379:Deutsch Marks
1376:
1373:In 1960, the
1371:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1263:
1258:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1209:
1207:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1150:List of years
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1109:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1090:Paropamisadae
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1029:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1002:
998:
995:
994:
990:
988:
984:
981:
980:
976:
973:
972:Islamic State
970:
969:
965:
963:
960:
959:
955:
953:
950:
949:
945:
943:
942:Islamic State
940:
939:
935:
933:
930:
929:
925:
923:
920:
919:
915:
913:
910:
909:
905:
903:
900:
899:
895:
893:
890:
889:
885:
883:
880:
879:
875:
873:
870:
869:
865:
863:
860:
859:
855:
853:
850:
849:
845:
843:
840:
839:
835:
833:
832:Afsharid Iran
830:
829:
825:
823:
820:
819:
815:
813:
812:Hotak dynasty
810:
809:
805:
803:
800:
799:
795:
793:
790:
789:
781:
780:
770:
768:
765:
764:
760:
758:
755:
754:
750:
748:
745:
744:
740:
738:
735:
734:
730:
728:
725:
724:
720:
718:
715:
714:
710:
708:
705:
704:
700:
698:
695:
694:
690:
688:
685:
684:
680:
678:
675:
674:
670:
668:
665:
664:
660:
658:
655:
654:
650:
648:
645:
644:
640:
638:
635:
634:
630:
628:
625:
624:
620:
618:
615:
614:
610:
608:
605:
604:
600:
598:
595:
594:
590:
588:
585:
584:
580:
578:
575:
574:
570:
568:
565:
564:
560:
558:
555:
554:
550:
548:
545:
544:
536:
535:
525:
523:
520:
519:
515:
513:
510:
509:
505:
503:
500:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
486:
484:
481:
480:
476:
474:
471:
470:
466:
464:
461:
460:
456:
454:
453:Kushan Empire
451:
450:
446:
444:
441:
440:
436:
434:
431:
430:
427:247 BC–224 AD
426:
424:
421:
420:
416:
414:
411:
410:
406:
404:
403:Maurya Empire
401:
400:
396:
394:
391:
390:
386:
384:
381:
380:
376:
374:
371:
370:
366:
364:
363:Median Empire
361:
360:
356:
354:
351:
350:
346:
344:
341:
340:
336:
334:
331:
330:
325:
320:
319:
316:
313:
312:
308:
304:
303:
300:
294:
293:
288:
283:
282:
274:
272:
268:
263:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
224:
220:
211:
208:
206:
202:
198:
196:
193: •
191:
187:
183:
178:
174:
170:
167:
164:
162:
158:
155:
152:
150:
146:
143:
132:
128:
123:
95:Coordinates:
93:
68:
59:
54:
48:
43:
36:
28:
20:
3026:Lazha Mangal
2979:
2973:
2927:
2909:
2891:
2881:
2864:
2852:. Retrieved
2848:
2839:
2814:. Retrieved
2807:the original
2794:
2784:December 26,
2782:. Retrieved
2769:
2760:
2751:
2737:
2728:
2718:
2704:
2694:
2684:
2676:
2672:
2663:
2654:
2612:
2605:
2594:. Retrieved
2590:the original
2580:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:the original
2540:the original
2530:
2518:. Retrieved
2514:the original
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2486:Pike, John.
2468:the original
2458:
2394:
2363:
2343:, the first
2338:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2290:
2281:
2266:Please help
2254:
2222:
2216:
2209:
2198:
2195:Demographics
2189:
1925:mm (inches)
1512:
1503:
1452:
1446:
1433:Ashraf Ghani
1420:killed five
1418:truck bomber
1408:
1397:
1393:Hamid Karzai
1372:
1361:
1352:
1343:
1337:
1316:
1290:
1267:
1165:List of wars
1014:(reinstated)
974:(reinstated)
347:2100–1800 BC
337:2200–1800 BC
264:
238:
218:
217:
3147:Peiwar Pass
3096:Gulakai Kot
3016:Gerda Serai
2493:22 December
2419:Shah Gardez
2390:203rd Corps
2366:Afghan Army
1468:connecting
1462:Ab-i Istada
1411:14 May 2020
1286:Hindu Shahi
1282:Hephthalite
1085:Kushanshahr
962:US invasion
697:Khwarezmids
547:Kabul Shahi
502:Alchon Huns
357:1500–535 BC
298:Afghanistan
296:History of
251:Afghanistan
142:Afghanistan
117: /
3208:Categories
3162:Takur Ghar
3111:Qila Niazi
3036:Said Karam
2903:Literature
2874:113405422X
2816:2011-12-16
2596:2015-10-22
2571:2015-10-22
1482:Parachinar
1454:Bālā Hesār
1329:Bilgetegin
1100:Zabulistan
1075:Kafiristan
1070:Kabulistan
892:Daoud coup
727:Qarlughids
667:Ghaznavids
577:Tang China
522:Nezak Huns
447:155–80? BC
417:256–125 BC
407:305–180 BC
397:312–150 BC
387:330–312 BC
377:550–330 BC
367:728–550 BC
255:Hindu Kush
180:Population
105:69°13′01″E
102:33°36′00″N
3183:Governors
3167:Tera Pass
3130:Landforms
3106:Mir Zakah
3101:Khandkhel
3001:Ahmadkhel
2996:Ahmad Aba
2988:Districts
2520:August 1,
2328:Madrasaye
2255:does not
1449:Tora Bora
1443:Geography
1430:President
1422:civilians
1384:communist
1345:Baburnama
1313:Kharijism
1040:Arachosia
1006:2004–2021
991:2001–2004
956:1996–2001
946:1992–1996
926:1978–1992
906:1973–1978
886:1926–1973
866:1823–1926
856:1818–1855
846:1747–1823
836:1738–1747
826:1716–1732
816:1709–1738
806:1510–1709
796:1501–1738
771:1520–1591
761:1370–1507
751:1245–1381
741:1256–1335
737:Ilkhanate
731:1224–1266
721:1226–1245
711:1219–1226
701:1215–1231
691:1037–1194
647:Saffarids
437:180–90 BC
205:Time zone
172:Elevation
3116:Tsamkani
3091:Bala Deh
3046:Tsamkani
3021:Janikhel
2854:4 August
2825:cite web
2662:(1977).
2488:"Gardez"
2438:See also
2212:Ahmadzai
2201:Pashtuns
2186:Land use
2173:3,234.4
2083:Average
1990:(12.43)
1921:Average
1911:(−18.0)
1861:(−22.0)
1458:fortress
1309:Pakistan
1305:Gandhara
1301:Buddhism
1297:Hinduism
1278:Sassanid
1206:Category
1080:Khorasan
1060:Gandhara
1001:politics
902:Republic
802:Safavids
757:Timurids
671:963–1187
657:Samanids
637:Tahirids
627:Abbasids
597:Umayyads
539:Medieval
315:Timeline
287:a series
285:Part of
210:UTC+4:30
161:District
149:Province
53:fortress
3031:Mirzaka
2975:Capital
2849:nps.edu
2388:by the
2378:Paktika
2341:Taliban
2334:mosques
2330:Roshānī
2276:removed
2261:sources
2214:tribe.
1985:(1.31)
1980:(0.49)
1975:(0.23)
1970:(0.04)
1965:(0.30)
1960:(0.62)
1955:(0.19)
1950:(0.85)
1945:(1.98)
1940:(2.58)
1935:(2.43)
1930:(1.41)
1901:(15.3)
1896:(32.9)
1891:(40.1)
1886:(48.2)
1881:(40.5)
1876:(27.5)
1871:(20.5)
1866:(−3.3)
1846:(36.4)
1841:(18.3)
1836:(27.0)
1831:(36.1)
1826:(47.1)
1821:(56.8)
1816:(58.8)
1811:(54.5)
1806:(46.2)
1801:(39.2)
1796:(27.9)
1791:(13.8)
1786:(10.9)
1776:(48.4)
1771:(28.0)
1766:(38.8)
1761:(50.9)
1756:(62.1)
1751:(70.0)
1746:(71.6)
1741:(69.1)
1736:(59.2)
1731:(50.2)
1726:(36.9)
1721:(23.5)
1716:(21.0)
1706:(61.8)
1701:(42.3)
1696:(53.4)
1691:(65.5)
1686:(77.2)
1681:(84.2)
1676:(85.3)
1671:(82.0)
1666:(72.0)
1661:(62.2)
1656:(47.8)
1651:(36.1)
1646:(33.8)
1636:(94.6)
1631:(63.7)
1626:(68.0)
1621:(82.0)
1616:(86.0)
1611:(92.8)
1606:(94.6)
1601:(94.1)
1596:(87.8)
1591:(79.7)
1586:(76.5)
1581:(54.9)
1576:(58.3)
1500:Climate
1426:Taliban
1415:suicide
1342:in his
1130:Culture
1055:Bactria
983:Interim
882:Kingdom
862:Emirate
792:Mughals
767:Arghuns
747:Kartids
687:Seljuks
677:Ghurids
661:875–999
651:863–900
641:821–873
631:750–821
621:750-977
611:680–870
607:Zunbils
601:661–750
591:660–842
581:660–669
571:652–661
551:565–879
526:484–711
516:410–557
506:380–560
487:320–465
477:230–651
324:Ancient
277:History
267:Taliban
231:Persian
130:Country
27:Persian
3193:Muqbil
3121:Zurmat
3061:Zurmat
3051:Zadran
3011:Gardez
2980:Gardez
2930:, 1965
2920:, 1977
2918:UNICEF
2876:, 209.
2872:
2620:
2380:, and
2374:Ghazni
2370:Paktya
2349:Paktiā
2229:Pashto
2170:200.4
2167:253.9
2164:302.4
2161:329.8
2158:335.8
2155:343.0
2152:357.5
2149:316.2
2146:242.9
2143:214.2
2140:166.8
2137:171.5
1916:(−24)
1906:(8.2)
1856:(−24)
1527:Month
1478:Ghazni
1364:Paktiā
1357:Zurmut
1350:Mughal
1340:Baburs
1284:, and
1095:Sistan
1050:Ariana
784:Modern
289:on the
239:Gardēz
223:Pashto
219:Gardez
199:70,641
188:70,000
139:
80:Gardez
23:Gardez
3176:Other
3086:Aryob
3041:Shwak
2914:Kabul
2810:(PDF)
2803:(PDF)
2225:Tājīk
2205:Tajik
1988:315.5
1909:−27.8
1904:−13.2
1864:−19.6
1859:−30.0
1789:−10.1
1784:−11.7
1566:Year
1494:Kabul
1490:Khost
1480:with
1474:Khost
1472:with
1470:Kabul
1353:tūmān
1293:Lawik
1274:Greek
1018:since
617:Lawik
235:گردیز
227:ګردېز
195:Urban
31:گردیز
3056:Zazi
2870:ISBN
2856:2024
2831:link
2786:2012
2647:LINK
2618:ISBN
2522:2015
2495:2016
2259:any
2257:cite
2217:The
2087:(%)
1983:33.2
1978:12.4
1958:15.8
1948:21.7
1943:50.4
1938:65.5
1933:61.7
1928:35.8
1899:−9.3
1874:−2.5
1869:−6.4
1839:−7.6
1834:−2.8
1819:13.8
1814:14.9
1809:12.5
1794:−2.3
1769:−2.2
1759:10.5
1754:16.7
1749:21.1
1744:22.0
1739:20.6
1734:15.1
1729:10.1
1719:−4.7
1714:−6.1
1704:16.6
1694:11.9
1689:18.6
1684:25.1
1679:29.0
1674:29.6
1669:27.8
1664:22.2
1659:16.8
1634:34.8
1629:17.6
1624:20.0
1619:27.8
1614:30.0
1609:33.8
1604:34.8
1599:34.5
1594:31.0
1589:26.5
1584:24.7
1579:12.7
1574:14.6
1563:Dec
1560:Nov
1557:Oct
1554:Sep
1551:Aug
1548:Jul
1545:Jun
1542:May
1539:Apr
1536:Mar
1533:Feb
1530:Jan
1413:, a
1355:of "
1160:Wars
1140:Name
1065:Iran
1045:Aria
1020:2021
977:2001
966:2001
936:1990
916:1978
896:1973
876:1929
39:City
2270:by
2126:54
2123:60
2120:51
2117:45
2114:45
2111:51
2108:49
2105:39
2102:47
2099:58
2096:66
2093:72
2090:69
2078:29
2034:36
1973:5.8
1968:0.9
1963:7.5
1953:4.8
1914:−31
1894:0.5
1889:4.5
1884:9.0
1879:4.7
1854:−31
1844:2.4
1829:2.3
1824:8.4
1804:7.9
1799:4.0
1774:9.1
1764:3.8
1724:2.7
1699:5.7
1654:8.8
1649:2.3
1644:1.0
1513:BSk
1466:one
1409:On
1299:or
493:Rob
249:of
3210::
2978::
2916:,
2912:,
2890:.
2847:.
2827:}}
2823:{{
2777:.
2759:.
2727:.
2632:^
2548:^
2476:^
2392:.
2376:,
2372:,
2075:6
2072:1
2069:0
2066:0
2063:0
2060:0
2057:0
2054:0
2051:1
2048:5
2045:8
2042:8
2031:1
2028:3
2025:2
2022:0
2019:2
2016:3
2013:2
2010:6
2007:9
2004:6
2001:1
1998:1
1496:.
1370:.
1335:.
1280:,
1276:,
273:.
237:;
233::
229:/
225::
29::
2957:e
2950:t
2943:v
2894:.
2858:.
2833:)
2819:.
2788:.
2731:.
2712:.
2649:)
2626:.
2599:.
2574:.
2524:.
2497:.
2297:)
2291:(
2286:)
2282:(
2278:.
2264:.
1508:(
1245:e
1238:t
1231:v
1003:)
999:(
985:/
221:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
