132:
157:
374:, for example, are sometimes kept as poultry, but are neither gamefowl nor waterfowl. In colloquial speech, however, the term "fowl" is often used near-synonymously with "poultry", and many languages do not distinguish between "poultry" and "fowl". Nonetheless, the fact that the Galliformes and Anseriformes most likely form a
711:
Fowl have deep spiritual meanings and roots in ancient cultures, such as
Hinduism in India and in many Pagan cultures throughout the world. The peacock, for example, represents truth, beauty, honor, and strength and dreams of peacocks are referred to as good omens.
698:, instead. However, as strong support for the Galloanserae has emerged in subsequent studies, the fowl clade continues to be accepted as a genuine evolutionary lineage by the vast majority of scientists.
673:, died out with all other non-avian dinosaurs, the Galloanserae (fowl) survived to become the first successful group of modern birds after the other dinosaurs died out.
1109:
Kulikova, Irina V.; Drovetski, S.V.; Gibson, D.D.; Harrigan, R.J.; Rohwer, S.; Sorenson, Michael D.; Winker, K.; Zhuravlev, Yury N. & McCracken, Kevin G. (2005):
555:, where the males band together occasionally to forcefully mate with unwilling females. The general public is probably most familiar with the polygynous habits of
1134:
1354:
1295:
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related to this lifestyle. The extremely advanced feeding systems of the
Anseriformes, together with similarities of the early anseriform
752:
have been widely introduced and naturalized outside of their native range in Asia to Europe and North
America for use as food and sport.
1091:
Kriegs, Jan Ole; Matzke, Andreas; Churakov, Gennady; Kuritzin, Andrej; Mayr, Gerald; Brosius, Jürgen & Schmitz, Jürgen (2007):
796:
Kuhl., H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020).
626:(megapodes) are fully feathered and even able to fly for prolonged distances as soon as they emerge from the nest mound.
769:
Elzanowski, A.; Stidham, T.A. (2011). "A Galloanserine
Quadrate from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming".
1300:
1274:
724:, by far, are the most heavily consumed and farmed out of all of them. Other fowl commonly used in cooking include
1287:
639:
that have to date been recovered, the conclusion that the
Galloanserae were already widespread by the end of the
680:
fairly conservative
Galliformes, the Anseriformes have adapted to filter-feeding and are characterized by many
573:, not usually known to produce viable hybrids in birds, can be brought to interbreed with comparative ease.
17:
1038:
156:
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New nuclear evidence for the oldest divergence among neognath birds: the phylogenetic utility of ZENK(i)
1179:
1143:
1129:
524:
of more than five or even more than 10 eggs, which is a lot for such sizeable birds. By comparison,
1033:
381:
The historic difference in
English is due to the Germanic/Latin split word pairs characteristic of
1326:
1234:
1196:
622:. Anseriform young are able to swim and dive a few hours after hatching, and the hatchlings of
351:
139:
1349:
1321:
1313:
31:
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1243:
946:
677:
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497:
798:"An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life"
8:
1093:
Waves of genomic hitchhikers shed light on the evolution of gamebirds (Aves: Galliformes)
605:
540:
536:
449:
1152:
A classification of the living birds of the world based on DNA-DNA hybridization studies
1119:
Hybridization, dispersal, and lineage sorting contribute to complex geographic structure
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556:
935:"A new time tree reveals Earth history's imprint on the evolution of modern birds"
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695:
647:
estimated the origin of
Galloanserae at 85 million of years ago. Fossils such as
348:
305:
221:
121:
1103:
878:
600:, for example, are apparently mostly derived from some males which arrived from
1282:
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273:
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236:
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548:
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504:, some features still unite water- and landfowl. Many of these, however, are
422:
252:
83:
48:
316:). Anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close
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and consequently, in an adaptation to their different lifestyles, also
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indicate that essentially modern waterfowl, albeit belonging to a now-
691:
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539:, at least for a breeding season, many Galloanserae are notoriously
1213:
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188:
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694:, had formerly prompted some scientists to ally Anseriformes with
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group makes a distinction between "fowl" and "poultry" warranted.
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343:("goose")). This clade is also supported by morphological and
795:
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Various species of fowl are hunted for both sport and food.
737:
643:
is generally accepted nowadays. A combination of fossils and
586:
481:
333:
321:
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301:
198:
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have successfully produced hybrids with domestic fowl and
385:; the word 'fowl' is of Germanic origin (cf. Old English "
706:
370:
bird or bird captive-raised for meat, eggs, or feathers;
1150:
Sibley, C.G.; Ahlquist, J.E. & Monroe, B.L. (1988):
581:, to which they are not particularly closely related as
440:
Many birds that are eaten by humans are fowl, including
520:
Galloanserae are very prolific; they regularly produce
926:
270:
262:
1060:and other late Paleocene birds from North Dakota.
392:
1086:The Origin and Evolution of Birds, Second Edition
932:
768:
720:Fowl are frequently kept for both meat and eggs.
1341:
846:Sibley, C, Ahlquist, J. & Monroe, B. (1988)
569:is extremely frequent in the Galloanserae, and
657:lineage, were contemporaries of the non-avian
585:go. This is an important factor complicating
410:
630:
592:-based research on their relationships. The
416:
404:
789:
701:
398:
425:origin; the presence of an initial /p/ in
130:
1062:Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology
1009:"Chicken Symbolism, Dreams, and Messages"
966:
823:
813:
320:relatives; together, they form the fowl
563:are kept with a whole flock of females.
14:
1355:Extant Maastrichtian first appearances
1342:
707:Spiritual meanings and representations
1195:
1194:
1076:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
551:, this is particularly well known in
512:as a whole, and are also shared with
1288:da80283e-7406-4630-8cb6-bd9b34f54354
1146:: 10.1642/0004-8038(2005)1222.0.CO;2
1132:: 10.1642/0004-8038(2005)1222.0.CO;2
933:Claramunt, S.; Cracraft, J. (2015).
421:), whilst 'poultry' is of Latin via
120:Possibly an earlier origin based on
1088:. Yale University Press, New Haven.
308:, namely the gamefowl or landfowl (
24:
1050:
618:Galloanserae young are remarkably
487:
25:
1366:
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324:which is scientifically known as
332:(initially termed Galloanseri) (
155:
56:
1026:
1001:
992:
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802:Molecular Biology and Evolution
604:, settled down, and mated with
1034:"Game birds, facts and photos"
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892:
871:
858:
849:
840:
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532:rarely lay more than two eggs.
357:
13:
1:
1111:Phylogeography of the Mallard
900:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
879:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
755:
492:While they are quite diverse
535:While most living birds are
366:" is a term for any kind of
7:
1039:National Geographic Society
559:, where usually one or two
10:
1371:
1180:Collier's New Encyclopedia
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631:Systematics and evolution
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152:Scientific classification
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129:
41:
1097:BMC Evolutionary Biology
702:Relationship with humans
304:belonging to one of two
387:
362:As opposed to "fowl", "
959:10.1126/sciadv.1501005
815:10.1093/molbev/msaa191
783:10.1525/auk.2011.10113
464:, other wildfowl like
429:and an initial /f/ in
417:
411:
405:
399:
393:
140:Australian brushturkey
1322:Paleobiology Database
1084:Feduccia, A. (1999):
661:. While the dominant
352:presence/absence data
312:) and the waterfowl (
32:Fowl (disambiguation)
1283:Fauna Europaea (new)
1013:Spirit Animal Totems
30:For other uses, see
1127:122 (3): 949–965.
1056:Benson, D. (1999):
1042:. 23 November 2022.
998:Feduccia, A. (1999)
951:2015SciA....1E1005C
606:American black duck
415:, Danish/Norwegian
27:Superorder of birds
1115:Anas platyrhynchos
1070:Chubb, A. (2004):
676:As opposed to the
1337:
1336:
1309:Open Tree of Life
1197:Taxon identifiers
1147:
1133:
1058:Presbyornis isoni
989:Benson, D. (1999)
557:domestic chickens
306:biological orders
295:
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266:Gastornithiformes
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16:(Redirected from
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902:. Etymonline.com
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1235:Galloanseres
1205:Galloanserae
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1174:"Fowl"
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376:monophyletic
368:domesticated
361:
345:DNA sequence
340:
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330:Galloanseres
329:
326:Galloanserae
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318:evolutionary
314:Anseriformes
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232:Galloanserae
231:
228:Superorder:
215:
205:Infraclass:
143:
36:
18:Galloanserae
1229:Wikispecies
1137:. Erratum:
808:: 108–127.
687:Presbyornis
608:ancestors.
583:Galliformes
545:polyandrous
514:paleognaths
435:Grimm's Law
358:Terminology
310:Galliformes
1344:Categories
1161:: 409–423.
1067:: 253–266.
1019:2021-05-03
906:2013-02-22
885:2013-02-22
756:References
692:shorebirds
641:Cretaceous
620:precocious
575:Guineafowl
541:polygynous
537:monogamous
510:Neornithes
466:guineafowl
462:partridges
454:game birds
433:is due to
409:, Swedish
245:Subgroups
209:Neognathae
1081:: 140-151
750:Pheasants
659:dinosaurs
635:From the
474:waterfowl
458:pheasants
403:, German
372:ostriches
175:Kingdom:
169:Eukaryota
1214:Wikidata
1104:Fulltext
977:26824065
834:32781465
722:Chickens
663:avialans
610:See also
594:mallards
590:sequence
561:roosters
522:clutches
476:such as
456:such as
446:chickens
444:such as
397:, Dutch
283:Synonyms
189:Chordata
185:Phylum:
179:Animalia
165:Domain:
1314:5839486
1301:1549675
1262:3014697
1220:Q853058
1183:. 1921.
1102:: 190 (
968:4730849
947:Bibcode
864:Kriegs
825:7783168
771:The Auk
744:As game
734:turkeys
716:As food
665:of the
655:extinct
650:Vegavis
637:fossils
602:Siberia
530:pigeons
470:peafowl
450:turkeys
442:poultry
427:poultry
364:poultry
237:Sclater
195:Class:
975:
965:
923:(2005)
921:et al.
868:(2007)
866:et al.
832:
822:
669:, the
571:genera
472:, and
337:gallus
239:, 1880
53:Recent
1327:98827
1275:10700
738:quail
730:geese
726:ducks
587:mtDNA
547:. To
482:geese
478:ducks
412:fågel
406:Vogel
400:vogel
394:fûgel
388:fugol
341:ānser
334:Latin
322:clade
302:birds
216:Clade
1296:NCBI
973:PMID
830:PMID
736:and
528:and
508:for
500:and
431:fowl
418:fugl
300:are
298:Fowl
199:Aves
59:PreꞒ
42:Fowl
1257:EoL
1244:ADW
1159:105
1156:Auk
1144:DOI
1139:Auk
1130:DOI
1124:Auk
1117:):
963:PMC
955:doi
820:PMC
810:doi
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690:to
596:of
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