2274:
408:
Lamei is spoken by 1,500 to 2,000 people in 5 village clusters in is spoken in
Zhonglinka Township. Sitrikhapa, Wangtod, Wangmed, Rongba, and Laba village clusters have only Lamei speakers. Woba, Pula, and Zuoshod village clusters have both Lamei and
2035:
Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Tashi Nyima. 2017. Outline of verb morphology of Lamo (mDzo sgang, Tibet). Paper presented at 50th
International Conference for Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics (Beijing).
397:
There are 5 Lamo-speaking village clusters in Dongba
Township, which are Kyilwa, Phurkha, Gewa, Gyastod and Gyasmed. The remaining village clusters, out of a total of 13 village clusters in
2686:
2677:
937:
Suzuki & Nyima (2018) report the phonology of the Kyilwa dialect. They have drawn the conclusion that Lamo "tends to have a different phonetic development from the others".
423:. gSerkhu is spoken by about 400 people (80 households) in 4 villages of the gSerkhu Valley, which are Benzhui, Muzong, Cuixi, and Sangba, all located in Shangchayu Town,
318:
Lamo is spoken by about 4,000 speakers, with 2,000 in Dongba
Township, and 2,000 in Zhonglinka Township. Both townships are located along the Nujiang River in
2029:’Bo skad, a newly recognised non-Tibetic variety spoken in mDzo sgang, TAR: a brief introduction to its sociolinguistic situation, sounds, and vocabulary
2071:
2928:
3274:
188:. It was recently documented by Suzuki & Nyima (2016). sMad skad, a closely related language variety, is also spoken in Tshawarong.
2032:. Fourth Workshop on Sino-Tibetan Languages of Southwest China (STLS-2016). University of Washington, Seattle, September 8–10, 2016.
1887:
Xizang
Changdu Diqu Difangzhi Bianzuan Weiyuanhui 西藏昌都地区地方志编纂委员会 (2005). Changdu Diquzhi 昌都地区志. Beijing: Fangzhi Chubanshe 方志出版社.
1419:
1711:. The tone bearing unit is the first two syllables of every word. The second syllable is occasionally excluded from the TBU.
398:
212:
192:
2064:
1454:
1447:
1325:
1145:
1950:
Tashi Nyima; Hiroyuki Suzuki (2019). "Newly recognised languages in Chamdo: Geography, culture, history, and language".
2921:
2273:
2028:
1375:
1270:
17:
2798:
1588:
1581:
1027:
2057:
1640:
419:
is a variety of Lamo, with which it is mutually intelligible. Khams
Tibetan speakers refer to the language as
2914:
1318:
2856:
2803:
2459:
1595:
1311:
1131:
1077:
474:
Suzuki & Nyima (2018) note that Lamo is closely related to two other recently documented languages of
165:
3284:
3279:
2849:
2504:
2426:
2142:
1649:
1553:
1546:
1346:
1138:
1663:
1560:
1465:
1339:
1124:
1117:
3118:
2749:
2196:
2117:
1672:
1366:
1332:
1256:
2830:
2433:
2246:
2010:
1567:
1396:
1263:
1159:
1016:
1009:
3066:
3061:
2824:
2610:
2494:
2044:
Proceedings of the 51st
International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics (2018)
1389:
1249:
1242:
1152:
2870:
2863:
2643:
2577:
2080:
1382:
1175:
1041:
241:, although this autonym is not known by all Lamo speakers. They refer to their own language as
173:
86:
1901:
2813:
2763:
2319:
1487:
1284:
1066:
1059:
1034:
460:
98:
3076:
2625:
2471:
2417:
1277:
2015:
Proceedings of the 51st
International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics
8:
3131:
2808:
2398:
2225:
2156:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1106:
1091:
955:
532:
514:
468:
3085:
2649:
2258:
2124:
1975:
1700:
1084:
950:
499:
253:
148:
3170:
3103:
3044:
2757:
2717:
2695:
2660:
2654:
2619:
2557:
2551:
2531:
2325:
2313:
2296:
2204:
2150:
2130:
1979:
1967:
1708:
1611:
1440:
1355:
1235:
1101:
1052:
975:
960:
875:
863:
827:
495:
456:
431:
speakers who had originally migrated from the Lamo-speaking area of Dongba
Township,
181:
65:
3152:
3016:
2974:
2778:
2738:
2708:
2682:
2632:
2590:
2499:
2476:
2369:
2349:
2306:
2231:
2094:
1959:
970:
945:
503:
452:
104:
93:
2356:
256:
by location (gSerkhu, discussed below, is a minor mutually intelligible variety):
3165:
3137:
3098:
2984:
2958:
2770:
2724:
2583:
2465:
2404:
2238:
2185:
2176:
2162:
1704:
1690:
1617:
1575:
1508:
1479:
965:
510:
479:
78:
3254:
3234:
3186:
3126:
3053:
2943:
2840:
2818:
2732:
2701:
2637:
2597:
2571:
2545:
2522:
2445:
2391:
2363:
2332:
2210:
2136:
1689:
counterparts. There are a few secondary articulations found marginally, namely
1634:
464:
292:
279:
424:
3268:
3218:
3202:
3093:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3002:
2992:
2564:
2486:
2252:
2217:
2169:
1971:
1528:
1512:
1410:
1300:
1002:
491:
487:
483:
432:
428:
410:
402:
319:
305:
226:
216:
177:
61:
2899:
indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
3108:
2538:
2454:
2410:
2339:
1963:
1686:
1682:
1623:
1166:
2011:"Historical relationship among three non-Tibetic languages in Chamdo, TAR"
2997:
2884:
2099:
1540:
1523:
1404:
2049:
2040:
Historical relationship among three non-Tibetic languages in Chamdo, TAR
2906:
1861:: ‘come to a place closer to the speaker but not necessarily near them’
1657:
1533:
1294:
996:
237:(’bo mi). Traditionally, Lamo speakers also referred to themselves as
2877:
2518:
2283:
2090:
1993:
1603:
141:
129:
2039:
988:
2379:
2292:
2107:
1902:"Linguistic diversity and classification in Tibet 西藏的语言多样性及其分类"
475:
191:
Suzuki & Nyima (2018) document the Kyilwa (格瓦) variety of
2288:
2103:
359:
Shizika 十字卡村, Luoba 洛巴村, Ruoba 若巴村, Wadui 瓦堆村, and Wamei 瓦美村
185:
69:
51:
451:
Suzuki & Nyima (2016, 2018) suggest that Lamo may be a
1949:
245:. Some Lamo speakers also refer to their town language as
1870:: ‘come towards the speaker on the same horizontal level’
657:
Suzuki & Nyima (2016) list the following Lamo words.
348:
Junyong 军拥村, Gewa 格瓦村, Puka 普卡村, Bazuo, and Jiaba 加坝村
2009:Suzuki, Hiroyuki; Nyima, Tashi (September 2018).
1852:: ‘arrive upwards/come here close to the speaker’
3266:
1994:Les journées d'études sur les langues du Sichuan
1918:– via Chinese Tibetology Center 中国藏学研究中心.
2748:
2195:
1945:
1895:
1893:
219:. Jiang (2022) also refers to the language as
2922:
2065:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
2609:
2008:
1890:
502:). These languages together are called the
370:Benzhui 本堆村, Muzong, Cuixi 翠兴村, and Sangba
2929:
2915:
2072:
2058:
1922:
1881:
1835:: ‘(he) has arrived’ (perfect/aorist only)
2079:
435:. Jiang (2022) refers to the language as
388:(Tibetan name for the language: mBo-skad)
2936:
2038:Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Tashi Nyima. 2018.
2026:Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Tashi Nyima. 2016.
325:Lamo and gSerkhu villages by township:
14:
3267:
2910:
2053:
1952:Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area
1899:
942:
2004:
2002:
1703:are high and rising, the same as in
3275:Unclassified Sino-Tibetan languages
24:
25:
3296:
1999:
1671:
1662:
1648:
1639:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1486:
1464:
1453:
1446:
1418:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1365:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1065:
1058:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1015:
1008:
446:
356:Zhonglinka Township 中林卡乡, Dzogang
229:people refer to Lamo speakers as
2272:
313:
2017:. 第51回国際漢蔵語学会実行委員会・京都大学白眉センター.
1986:
1719:Directional prefixes in Lamo:
459:(2016) suggests that mBo is a
27:Sino-Tibetan language of Tibet
13:
1:
1874:
1714:
1826:: ‘come downwards/come down’
932:
367:Shangchayu Town 上察隅镇, Dzayul
345:Dongba Township 东坝乡, Dzogang
7:
1992:Jacques, Guillaumes. 2016.
517:(Nyima & Suzuki 2019):
376:
203:Lamo is referred to by the
10:
3301:
2046:. Kyoto: Kyoto University.
1812:Directional prefixes with
652:
463:language belonging to the
291:Zhonglinka Township 中林卡乡,
211:(东坝话), as it is spoken in
3247:
3227:
3211:
3195:
3179:
3151:
3117:
3084:
3075:
3052:
3043:
3015:
2983:
2967:
2951:
2942:
2894:
2839:
2791:
2676:
2517:
2485:
2443:
2378:
2281:
2270:
2088:
1681:All of these vowels have
1670:
1647:
1629:
1593:
1532:
1478:
1403:
1293:
1100:
995:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
427:. Dzayul County also has
139:
127:
122:
75:
57:
47:
42:
37:
32:
1696:Syllable structure: CGV
1515:appear as a preinitial.
478:, eastern Tibet, namely
471:(Horpa-Lavrung) branch.
381:There are two dialects:
198:
1693:/ɚ/ and velarized /ə/.
1964:10.1075/ltba.18004.nyi
1900:Jiang, Huo 江荻 (2022).
304:Shangchayu Town 上察隅镇,
176:spoken in Tshawarong,
2799:Central Tibeto-Burman
1906:Zhongguo Zangxue 中国藏学
278:Dongba Township 东坝乡,
174:Sino-Tibetan language
172:) is an unclassified
2937:Na-Qiangic languages
590:*ts(y)i(y) ~ *tsyay
498:(spoken in southern
405:-speaking villages.
2857:Proto-Tibeto-Burman
1770:‘break into pieces’
533:Proto-Tibeto-Burman
515:Proto-Tibeto-Burman
509:Lamo compared with
3285:Languages of Tibet
3280:Languages of China
2850:Proto-Sino-Tibetan
2792:Proposed groupings
1843:: (does not occur)
548:*tyak ~ *g-t(y)ik
3262:
3261:
3255:extinct languages
3243:
3242:
3147:
3146:
3011:
3010:
2904:
2903:
2787:
2786:
2672:
2671:
2513:
2512:
2268:
2267:
1679:
1678:
1506:
1505:
1443:
1413:
1358:
1303:
1238:
1178:
1113:
1055:
1005:
991:
984:
930:
929:
650:
649:
457:Guillaume Jacques
374:
373:
311:
310:
205:Changdu Gazetteer
182:Chamdo Prefecture
155:
154:
66:Chamdo Prefecture
16:(Redirected from
3292:
3082:
3081:
3050:
3049:
2949:
2948:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2908:
2907:
2746:
2745:
2607:
2606:
2441:
2440:
2276:
2193:
2192:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2051:
2050:
2019:
2018:
2006:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1947:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1897:
1888:
1885:
1816:‘come’ in Lamo:
1675:
1666:
1652:
1643:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1518:
1517:
1490:
1468:
1457:
1450:
1439:
1422:
1409:
1399:
1392:
1385:
1378:
1369:
1354:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1299:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1245:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1174:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1111:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1069:
1062:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1019:
1012:
1001:
987:
982:
940:
939:
660:
659:
520:
519:
504:Chamdo languages
334:Township, County
328:
327:
259:
258:
167:
151:
132:
91:(unclassified);
81:
30:
29:
21:
18:GSerkhu language
3300:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3239:
3223:
3207:
3191:
3175:
3143:
3119:West Gyalrongic
3113:
3086:East Gyalrongic
3071:
3039:
3007:
2979:
2963:
2938:
2935:
2905:
2900:
2890:
2841:Proto-languages
2835:
2783:
2750:Greater Siangic
2744:
2681:
2668:
2605:
2509:
2481:
2439:
2383:
2374:
2286:
2277:
2264:
2197:Greater Magaric
2191:
2118:West Himalayish
2098:
2084:
2078:
2023:
2022:
2007:
2000:
1991:
1987:
1948:
1923:
1914:
1912:
1898:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1717:
1509:Prenasalisation
1105:
935:
655:
529:Written Tibetan
511:Written Tibetan
500:Zhag'yab County
482:(spoken in the
449:
399:Dongba Township
379:
316:
213:Dongba Township
207:(2005: 819) as
201:
193:Dongba Township
147:
128:
118:
97:
92:
82:
79:Language family
77:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3298:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3260:
3259:
3249:Cross (†) and
3248:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3067:Southern Qiang
3064:
3062:Northern Qiang
3058:
3056:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2989:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2971:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2831:Tibeto-Kanauri
2828:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2804:Kuki-Chin–Naga
2801:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2754:
2752:
2743:
2742:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2705:
2692:
2690:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2652:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2615:
2613:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2549:
2542:
2535:
2527:
2525:
2523:Southeast Asia
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2460:Angami–Pochuri
2457:
2451:
2449:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2414:
2402:
2395:
2387:
2385:
2384:Burmese border
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2317:
2302:
2300:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2235:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2214:
2201:
2199:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2154:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2128:
2121:
2113:
2111:
2086:
2085:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2036:
2033:
2021:
2020:
1998:
1985:
1921:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1836:
1827:
1810:
1809:
1795:
1785:
1784:‘wear (a hat)’
1771:
1757:
1739:
1716:
1713:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1667:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1644:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1608:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1416:
1414:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1370:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1171:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1109:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
993:
992:
985:
979:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
934:
931:
928:
927:
924:
920:
919:
916:
912:
911:
908:
904:
903:
900:
896:
895:
892:
888:
887:
884:
880:
879:
872:
868:
867:
860:
856:
855:
852:
848:
847:
844:
840:
839:
836:
832:
831:
824:
820:
819:
816:
812:
811:
808:
804:
803:
800:
796:
795:
792:
788:
787:
784:
780:
779:
776:
772:
771:
768:
764:
763:
760:
756:
755:
752:
748:
747:
744:
740:
739:
736:
732:
731:
728:
724:
723:
720:
716:
715:
712:
708:
707:
704:
700:
699:
696:
692:
691:
688:
684:
683:
680:
676:
675:
672:
668:
667:
664:
654:
651:
648:
647:
644:
641:
638:
634:
633:
630:
627:
624:
620:
619:
616:
613:
610:
606:
605:
602:
599:
596:
592:
591:
588:
585:
582:
578:
577:
574:
571:
568:
564:
563:
560:
557:
554:
550:
549:
546:
543:
540:
536:
535:
530:
527:
524:
448:
447:Classification
445:
433:Dzogang County
395:
394:
389:
378:
375:
372:
371:
368:
365:
361:
360:
357:
354:
350:
349:
346:
343:
339:
338:
335:
332:
320:Dzogang County
315:
312:
309:
308:
302:
300:
296:
295:
293:Dzogang County
289:
287:
283:
282:
280:Dzogang County
276:
274:
270:
269:
266:
263:
200:
197:
153:
152:
145:
137:
136:
133:
125:
124:
123:Language codes
120:
119:
117:
116:
115:
114:
113:
112:
85:
83:
76:
73:
72:
59:
55:
54:
49:
48:Native to
45:
44:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3297:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2898:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2871:Proto-Karenic
2868:
2866:
2865:
2864:Proto-Loloish
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2825:Tibeto-Burman
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2780:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2611:Burmo-Qiangic
2608:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2505:Jingpho–Luish
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2143:Baram–Thangmi
2141:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2075:
2070:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2003:
1995:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1894:
1884:
1880:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1513:preaspiration
1510:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
980:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
941:
938:
925:
922:
921:
917:
914:
913:
909:
906:
905:
901:
898:
897:
893:
890:
889:
885:
882:
881:
877:
873:
870:
869:
865:
861:
858:
857:
853:
850:
849:
845:
842:
841:
837:
834:
833:
829:
825:
822:
821:
817:
814:
813:
809:
806:
805:
801:
798:
797:
793:
790:
789:
785:
782:
781:
777:
774:
773:
769:
766:
765:
761:
758:
757:
753:
750:
749:
745:
742:
741:
737:
734:
733:
729:
726:
725:
721:
718:
717:
713:
710:
709:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
693:
689:
686:
685:
681:
678:
677:
673:
670:
669:
665:
662:
661:
658:
645:
642:
639:
636:
635:
631:
628:
625:
622:
621:
617:
614:
611:
608:
607:
603:
600:
597:
594:
593:
589:
586:
583:
580:
579:
575:
572:
569:
566:
565:
561:
558:
555:
552:
551:
547:
544:
541:
538:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
521:
518:
516:
512:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:Markam County
489:
488:Zogang County
485:
484:Lancang River
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:Khams Tibetan
426:
425:Dzayul County
422:
418:
414:
412:
411:Khams Tibetan
406:
404:
403:Khams Tibetan
400:
393:
390:
387:
384:
383:
382:
369:
366:
363:
362:
358:
355:
352:
351:
347:
344:
341:
340:
336:
333:
330:
329:
326:
323:
321:
307:
306:Dzayul County
303:
301:
298:
297:
294:
290:
288:
285:
284:
281:
277:
275:
272:
271:
267:
264:
261:
260:
257:
255:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:Khams Tibetan
224:
222:
218:
217:Zogang County
214:
210:
206:
196:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
178:Zogang County
175:
171:
163:
160:(also called
159:
150:
146:
144:
143:
138:
134:
131:
126:
121:
111:
108:
107:
106:
103:
102:
100:
95:
90:
89:
88:
84:
80:
74:
71:
67:
63:
62:Zogang County
60:
56:
53:
50:
46:
41:
36:
31:
19:
3250:
3160:
3136:
2896:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2823:
2769:
2762:
2737:
2723:
2716:
2707:
2700:
2659:
2644:Lolo-Burmese
2642:
2618:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2464:
2432:
2425:
2416:
2409:
2397:
2390:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2312:
2305:
2257:
2251:
2237:
2230:
2216:
2209:
2184:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2149:
2135:
2123:
2116:
2081:Sino-Tibetan
2043:
2027:
2014:
1988:
1958:(1): 38–81.
1955:
1951:
1913:. Retrieved
1909:
1905:
1883:
1865:
1864:
1856:
1855:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1821:
1820:
1813:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1698:
1695:
1680:
1507:
936:
775:3.SG pronoun
767:2.SG pronoun
759:1.SG pronoun
656:
508:
473:
450:
440:
436:
420:
416:
415:
407:
396:
391:
385:
380:
324:
317:
314:Demographics
251:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
220:
208:
204:
202:
190:
169:
161:
157:
156:
140:
109:
87:Sino-Tibetan
2885:Proto-Hakka
2814:Mahakiranti
2320:East Bodish
2100:Uttarakhand
1804:‘tear up’,
1794:‘overthrow’
1780:‘receive’,
1691:retroflexed
1405:Approximant
632:*s-hywəy-t
461:rGyalrongic
99:rGyalrongic
3269:Categories
3132:Khroskyabs
3077:Gyalrongic
2779:Idu–Taraon
2733:Miju–Meyor
2626:Gyalrongic
2472:Tangkhulic
2247:Raji–Raute
1915:2023-03-16
1875:References
1752:‘gather’,
1715:Morphology
1295:Continuant
862:sɛ˥ tɕʰɛ (
618:*s/m-rang
486:valley of
469:Khroskyabs
455:language.
413:speakers.
3253:indicate
2878:Proto-Min
2809:Macro-Bai
2687:Arunachal
2680:(possible
2495:Boro–Garo
2399:Kuki-Chin
2382:and Indo-
2297:Arunachal
2284:Himalayas
2259:Tandrange
2226:Chepangic
2157:Dhimalish
2091:Himalayas
1980:198090294
1972:0731-3500
1750:ˊtho-ndzo
1687:nasalized
1576:Close-mid
1411:voiceless
1301:voiceless
1176:aspirated
1107:Affricate
1003:voiceless
956:Retroflex
933:Phonology
337:Villages
268:Location
142:Glottolog
130:ISO 639-3
3171:Drag-yab
3104:Tshobdun
2683:isolates
2650:Mondzish
2578:Cai–Long
2326:Tshangla
2282:Eastern
2125:Tamangic
2095:Himachal
2089:Western
2083:branches
1806:ˊwu-ndzə
1792:ˉla’-mbo
1782:ˉtə’-tɕa
1734:‘chew’,
1730:‘kill’,
1728:ˊnə- sə̰
1709:Drag-yab
1635:Open-mid
989:sibilant
951:Alveolar
883:hillside
874:ɕe˩ mɛ (
838:pʰo˥ ɦu
576:*s-ni-s
496:Drag-yab
377:Dialects
331:Language
262:Language
254:autonyms
247:ˊmbo hkə
170:’Bo skad
149:lamo1245
43:’Bo skad
3251:italics
3045:Qiangic
2975:Shixing
2968:Shixing
2897:Italics
2758:Siangic
2739:Songlin
2718:Kho-Bwa
2696:Hrusish
2678:Dubious
2661:Loloish
2655:Burmish
2620:Qiangic
2591:Longjia
2558:Karenic
2552:Nungish
2532:Sinitic
2418:Hkongso
2380:Myanmar
2350:Gongduk
2314:Tibetic
2232:Chepang
2205:Magaric
2151:Kiranti
2131:Newaric
1802:ˉwo’-ɕa
1778:ˉtu’-rɑ
1768:ˉko’-ɕa
1766:‘buy’,
1754:ˊthe-ji
1746:ˊtho-xɯ
1736:ˊnu-pho
1529:Central
1102:Plosive
976:Glottal
961:Palatal
876:Tibetic
864:Tibetic
828:Tibetic
751:hundred
653:Lexicon
562:*b-ləy
453:Qiangic
443:(素苦话).
441:Sukuhua
417:gSerkhu
364:gSerkhu
299:gSerkhu
265:Autonym
223:(东坝话).
215:(东坝乡),
195:(东坝乡).
164:; IPA:
94:Qiangic
3166:Larong
3153:Chamdo
3138:Tangut
3099:Japhug
3017:Ersuic
2959:Namuyi
2952:Namuyi
2771:Milang
2725:Puroik
2709:Mijiic
2633:Ersuic
2584:Caijia
2500:Konyak
2466:Meitei
2370:Chamdo
2307:Bodish
2293:Bhutan
2239:Bhujel
2186:Lepcha
2177:Lhokpu
2163:Dhimal
2108:Sikkim
1978:
1970:
1764:ˊka-tɵ
1756:‘sell’
1748:‘go’,
1738:‘drop’
1732:ˊna-qɑ
1705:Larong
1683:creaky
1441:voiced
1356:voiced
1236:voiced
1112:tenuis
1053:voiced
971:Uvular
946:Labial
878:loan)
866:loan)
830:loan)
815:needle
810:ʰtɕɑ˥
802:tɕʰi˥
754:ʱdʑi˥
730:ʱdʑə˥
706:ɴʷɚ̰˥
690:sɔ̰̃˩
604:*na-ŋ
494:) and
480:Larong
476:Chamdo
401:, are
235:mBo mi
221:Dongba
209:Dongba
105:Chamdo
58:Region
3235:Zhaba
3228:Zhaba
3187:Choyo
3180:Choyo
3127:Horpa
3054:Qiang
2985:Naish
2702:Hruso
2598:Luren
2572:Kathu
2546:Tujia
2434:Taman
2405:Mruic
2392:Karbi
2333:Basum
2289:Tibet
2211:Magar
2137:Newar
2104:Nepal
1976:S2CID
1808:‘eat’
1701:tones
1541:Close
1524:Front
1480:Trill
997:Nasal
983:plain
966:Velar
926:nə˥-
923:sleep
918:wə˥-
910:tɕə˥
907:water
902:tɕɯ˥
886:ɴɢa˥
843:horse
826:ɲɛ˩ (
791:urine
783:blood
738:ᵑɡo˥
727:eight
722:n̥i˥
719:seven
714:tɕi˩
698:lə̰˥
687:three
666:Lamo
663:Gloss
646:*kum
637:urine
629:khrag
623:blood
609:horse
601:khyod
567:seven
523:Gloss
421:Sikhu
392:Lamei
252:Lamo
239:Po mi
199:Names
186:Tibet
70:Tibet
52:China
3219:Pumi
3212:Pumi
3203:Muya
3196:Muya
3161:Lamo
3094:Situ
3035:Tosu
3030:Lizu
3025:Ersu
3003:Laze
2993:Naxi
2944:Naic
2819:Rung
2764:Koro
2638:Naic
2565:Gong
2521:and
2519:East
2477:Zeme
2446:Naga
2364:Tani
2357:ʼOle
2253:Dura
2218:Kham
2170:Toto
1968:ISSN
1848:ˊtə’
1831:ˊthe
1707:and
1699:The
1685:and
1658:Open
1534:Back
1511:and
899:road
894:jʉ˥
891:snow
871:sand
859:land
854:nɑ˥
846:re˩
823:fish
818:ʁɑ˩
807:iron
799:meat
794:qo˩
786:sa˥
778:kə˥
770:nə˥
762:ŋa˥
746:ʁɑ˥
735:nine
703:five
695:four
682:na˥
674:də˥
643:gcin
573:bdun
570:ˉn̥i
559:bzhi
556:ˉlə̰
553:four
545:gcig
526:Lamo
513:and
490:and
465:Stau
437:Suku
386:Lamo
353:Lamo
342:Lamo
286:Lamo
273:Lamo
243:Lamo
166:mbo˥
158:Lamo
110:Lamo
33:Lamo
3109:Zbu
2685:) (
2539:Bai
2487:Sal
2427:Pyu
2411:Mru
2340:Nam
1960:doi
1868:-le
1866:ˊwu
1859:-le
1857:ˉle
1850:-le
1833:-le
1824:-le
1822:ˊne
1744:-:
1621:) (
1604:Mid
1211:tɕʰ
1197:tsʰ
915:eat
851:sky
835:pig
743:ten
711:six
679:two
671:one
640:ˉqo
626:ˉse
615:rta
612:ˊre
598:ˉnə
595:you
587:bcu
584:ˉʁɑ
581:ten
542:ˉdə
539:one
439:or
233:or
231:mBo
162:mBo
38:mBo
3271::
2998:Na
2455:Ao
2295:,
2291:,
2106:,
2102:,
2042:.
2013:.
2001:^
1974:.
1966:.
1956:42
1954:.
1924:^
1908:.
1904:.
1892:^
1840:k-
1814:le
1800::
1798:w-
1790::
1788:l-
1776::
1774:t-
1762::
1760:k-
1742:th
1726::
1724:n-
1627:)
1624:əˠ
1420:l̥
1271:dʑ
1257:dz
1225:qʰ
1218:kʰ
1204:ʈʰ
1190:tʰ
1183:pʰ
1146:tɕ
1132:ts
1042:ɴ̥
1035:ŋ̊
1028:ȵ̊
1017:n̥
1010:m̥
506:.
322:.
249:.
184:,
180:,
168:;
96:?
68:,
64:,
3257:.
2930:e
2923:t
2916:v
2689:)
2448:"
2444:"
2343:?
2299:)
2287:(
2256:–
2110:)
2097:,
2093:(
2073:e
2066:t
2059:v
1996:.
1982:.
1962::
1910:6
1673:ɑ
1664:a
1650:ɔ
1641:ɛ
1618:ɚ
1615:(
1612:ə
1596:o
1589:ɵ
1582:e
1568:u
1561:ɯ
1554:ʉ
1547:i
1488:r
1466:j
1455:l
1448:w
1397:ɦ
1390:ʁ
1383:ɣ
1376:ʑ
1367:z
1347:h
1340:χ
1333:x
1326:ɕ
1319:ʂ
1312:s
1285:ɢ
1278:g
1264:ɖ
1250:d
1243:b
1167:ʔ
1160:q
1153:k
1139:ʈ
1125:t
1118:p
1104:/
1092:ɴ
1085:ŋ
1078:ȵ
1067:n
1060:m
467:-
135:–
101:?
20:)
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