71:
79:
685:
223:
declared that they will fully support the Greçë Memorandum. They sent a letter to the Sultan, there they appealed for the implementation of the
Memorandum and the treatment of the Albanian people as a whole. This countered with the aim of the Sublime Porte to treat the Memorandum as a local issue of
210:
region, it gave the
Albanian struggle for independence a strong boost. Leaders such as Namik Delvina, Muharrem Rushiti, Musa Demi, Spiro Bellkameni and Qamil Panariti and their chetas strengthened the pressure on the Ottoman authorities to accept requests of the Memorandum. In a July 17 meeting held
524:
The demands included a guarantee of immunity from punishment for all
Albanians, the recognition of "the national existence of Albanians",... selecting Albanian deputies ...according to the principle of proportional representation...Albanian language in ... schools, ...
545:У исто време су Албанци емигранти у Црној Гори, на челу са Исмаилом Кемалом и Луибијем Гуракућијем, образложили своје захтеве под називом »Меморандум из Герче« или »Црвена књига« и предали их представницима великих сила на Цетињу.
401:
The
Albanian patriot headed by Ismail Qemal and a new figure, which w making a name in the movement, Luigj Gurakuqi (187! -1925), gathered at Gerca in Montenegro on June 2! 1911, sent a memorandum to the Turkish Governmea
193:
The
Memorandum was submitted to the representatives of Great Powers in Cetinje, Montenegro. It was drafted by Qemali as a reply to amnesty offered by Ottoman military commander Shefqet Turgut Pasha on 18 June.
289:
Memorandumi i Greçës ose «Libri i kuq», siç u quajt në atë kohë, titullohej «Memorandum mbi vendimet e dha- nuna prej
Kuvendit të Përgjithshëm të krerëve shqiptarë në Greçë më 10/23 qershor 1911...
176:
Governor and other appointed high officials have to know
Albanian language and all other positions in the administration have to be reserved only for people of Albanian ethnicity
224:
Malësia. After the letter was sent, the secret committee of Janina organized a number of new armed acts. They planned a culminating action on July 23, in the anniversary of the
228:
but failed. Later, some other efforts failed, and the
Memorandum of Greçë gradually lost its importance. The coming events and situation in 1912 enabled Albanians to
507:
Twenty two
Albanians signed the memorandum, including four each from the fises of Grude, Hoti and Skrel; five from Kastrati; three from Klement, and two from Shale
749:
730:
419:
On 23 June 1911, the
Albanians gathered in the small village in Montenegro and drafted the Gerche Memorandum, also known as The Red Book.
300:
431:
764:
119:
and Europe (in particular to the Great Britain). This memorandum was signed by 22 Albanian chieftains, four from each tribe of
632:
375:
323:
17:
233:
754:
270:
667:
568:
558:
779:
723:
769:
716:
704:
759:
774:
245:
229:
96:
657:
466:
313:
618:
478:
The Gerche memorandum, referred to often as "The Red Book" because of the color of its covers
225:
206:
tried to minimize the effects of the Memorandum by treating it as a local initiative of the
435:
8:
55:
with twelve requests for the establishment of an autonomous Albanian province within the
367:
Zwischen Feudalismus und Stalinismus: albanische Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts
164:
250:
663:
638:
628:
574:
564:
459:
371:
319:
280:
180:
170:
44:
32:
353:. Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë, Instituti i Historisë. pp. 402–409.
279:], Akademia e shkencave e RPS të shqipërisë, Instituti i historisë, p. 96,
140:
111:
joined them and together they draw up the memorandum, sometimes referred to as the "
104:
132:
120:
598:
538:
394:
365:
128:
700:
220:
136:
116:
103:
village in Kelmend. Today, this location is a natural and cultural monument of
64:
56:
563:(in Serbian), translated by Ljubinka Milenković, Belgrade: Clio, p. 131,
743:
203:
124:
115:" because of the color of its covers, which addressed their requests both to
108:
60:
659:
The crescent and the eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913
578:
311:
284:
642:
622:
70:
52:
207:
158:
312:
Ahmet Ersoy; Macie J. Gorny; Vangelis Kechriotis (30 October 2010).
301:
Journey to Greçë on the 104 anniversary of the meeting (in Albanian)
692:
100:
696:
189:
All Albanian property damaged by Ottoman troops to be compensated
151:
382:
Juni auf einer Versammlung in Gerça (Montenegro) verabschiedete.
624:
The Falcon and Eagle: Montenegro and Austria-Hungary, 1908–1914
78:
234:
declare the independence of Albania from the Ottoman Empire
216:
212:
684:
163:
Election of the deputies of Albanian ethnicity for the
179:Men who are ethnic Albanians to serve army only in
458:
432:"Natural and Cultural Monuments of Shkodër County"
318:. Central European University Press. p. 235.
99:organized a meeting at the location of Greçë near
627:, West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press,
543:. Institut za istoriju u Banjaluci. p. 273.
741:
348:
277:Ismail Qemali in the Albanian National Movement
396:An Outline of the People's Republic of Albania
724:
344:
342:
305:
272:Ismail Qemali në Lëvizjen Kombëtare Shqiptare
268:
731:
717:
461:The Albanian national awakening, 1878–1912
339:
530:
616:
560:Albanci : od srednjeg veka do danas
489:
357:
315:Modernism: The Creation of Nation States
77:
69:
59:. The Memorandum was jointly written by
750:Albanian people from the Ottoman Empire
655:
518:
501:
413:
14:
742:
540:Austro-Ugarska i Mladoturci: 1908-1912
465:. Princeton University Press. p.
456:
556:
536:
363:
146:Requests in the memorandum included:
679:
167:according to the proportional system
232:, and consequently to successfully
74:Copy of the Greçë Memorandum (1911)
24:
603:. The Institute. 1967. p. 41.
154:for all participants in the revolt
25:
791:
683:
619:"The Malissori Uprising of 1911"
351:Historia e Shqipërisë, Vellimi 2
656:Gawrych, George Walter (2006),
591:
550:
512:
495:
483:
399:. 8 Nëntori. 1978. p. 30.
186:Confiscated arms to be returned
450:
424:
407:
387:
294:
262:
157:Demand for recognition of the
13:
1:
256:
230:better organize their efforts
197:
765:Albania–Montenegro relations
703:. You can help Knowledge by
7:
239:
90:
86:(Beech of Greça) near Selca
82:Memorial plaque of 2011 in
10:
796:
755:1911 in the Ottoman Empire
678:
610:
107:listed as "Ahu i Gerçës".
617:Treadway, John D (1983),
349:Skënder Anamali (2004).
662:, London: I.B. Tauris,
457:Skendi, Stavro (1967).
246:Albanian Revolt of 1911
97:Albanian Revolt of 1911
780:Albania politics stubs
557:Bartl, Peter (2001) ,
527:
509:
421:
364:Kacza, Thomas (2007).
269:Kaliopi Naska (1987),
87:
75:
48:
36:
537:Mikić, Đorđe (1983).
522:
505:
417:
370:. Trafo. p. 46.
226:Young Turk Revolution
215:, delegates from all
81:
73:
37:Memorandumi i Greçës
691:This article about
95:The leaders of the
770:1911 in Montenegro
211:in a monastery in
165:Ottoman Parliament
159:Albanian ethnicity
88:
76:
712:
711:
634:978-0-911198-65-2
377:978-3-89626-611-8
325:978-963-7326-61-5
171:Albanian language
16:(Redirected from
787:
733:
726:
719:
687:
680:
672:
652:
651:
649:
605:
604:
595:
589:
588:
587:
585:
554:
548:
547:
534:
528:
516:
510:
499:
493:
487:
481:
480:
475:
473:
464:
454:
448:
447:
445:
443:
434:. Archived from
428:
422:
411:
405:
404:
391:
385:
384:
361:
355:
354:
346:
337:
336:
334:
332:
309:
303:
298:
292:
291:
266:
183:during peacetime
29:Greçë Memorandum
21:
18:Gërçe Memorandum
795:
794:
790:
789:
788:
786:
785:
784:
760:1911 in Albania
740:
739:
738:
737:
676:
670:
647:
645:
635:
613:
608:
597:
596:
592:
583:
581:
571:
555:
551:
535:
531:
517:
513:
500:
496:
488:
484:
471:
469:
455:
451:
441:
439:
438:on 6 March 2019
430:
429:
425:
412:
408:
393:
392:
388:
378:
362:
358:
347:
340:
330:
328:
326:
310:
306:
299:
295:
267:
263:
259:
251:Battle of Deçiq
242:
200:
93:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
793:
783:
782:
777:
775:1911 documents
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
736:
735:
728:
721:
713:
710:
709:
688:
674:
673:
668:
653:
633:
612:
609:
607:
606:
600:Balkan Studies
590:
569:
549:
529:
511:
494:
482:
449:
423:
406:
386:
376:
356:
338:
324:
304:
293:
260:
258:
255:
254:
253:
248:
241:
238:
221:Janina Vilayet
199:
196:
191:
190:
187:
184:
177:
174:
168:
161:
155:
117:Ottoman Empire
105:Shkodër County
92:
89:
65:Luigj Gurakuqi
57:Ottoman Empire
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
792:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
747:
745:
734:
729:
727:
722:
720:
715:
714:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
689:
686:
682:
681:
677:
671:
669:1-84511-287-3
665:
661:
660:
654:
644:
640:
636:
630:
626:
625:
620:
615:
614:
602:
601:
594:
580:
576:
572:
570:9788671020176
566:
562:
561:
553:
546:
542:
541:
533:
526:
521:, p. 187
520:
515:
508:
504:, p. 187
503:
498:
491:
490:Treadway 1983
486:
479:
468:
463:
462:
453:
437:
433:
427:
420:
416:, p. 186
415:
410:
403:
398:
397:
390:
383:
379:
373:
369:
368:
360:
352:
345:
343:
327:
321:
317:
316:
308:
302:
297:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
273:
265:
261:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
237:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
214:
209:
205:
204:Sublime Porte
202:Although the
195:
188:
185:
182:
178:
175:
172:
169:
166:
162:
160:
156:
153:
149:
148:
147:
144:
142:
139:and two from
138:
135:, three from
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
85:
80:
72:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
705:expanding it
690:
675:
658:
646:, retrieved
623:
599:
593:
582:, retrieved
559:
552:
544:
539:
532:
523:
519:Gawrych 2006
514:
506:
502:Gawrych 2006
497:
492:, p. 78
485:
477:
470:. Retrieved
460:
452:
440:. Retrieved
436:the original
426:
418:
414:Gawrych 2006
409:
400:
395:
389:
381:
366:
359:
350:
329:. Retrieved
314:
307:
296:
288:
276:
271:
264:
201:
192:
145:
131:, five from
112:
109:Ismail Kemal
94:
84:Ahu i Greçës
83:
61:Ismail Kemal
40:
28:
26:
49:Libri i Kuq
744:Categories
648:10 October
584:1 February
472:10 October
442:16 January
257:References
198:Afterwards
173:in schools
53:memorandum
39:) or the
693:politics
579:51036121
285:28807917
240:See also
150:General
133:Kastrati
113:Red Book
91:Requests
51:) was a
45:Albanian
41:Red Book
33:Albanian
697:Albania
643:9299144
611:Sources
208:Malësia
181:Albania
152:amnesty
137:Kelmend
129:Shkreli
666:
641:
631:
577:
567:
374:
331:13 May
322:
283:
699:is a
275:[
217:kazas
141:Shalë
125:Gruda
101:Selcë
701:stub
664:ISBN
650:2011
639:OCLC
629:ISBN
586:2012
575:OCLC
565:ISBN
474:2011
444:2020
372:ISBN
333:2013
320:ISBN
281:OCLC
213:Cepo
127:and
121:Hoti
63:and
27:The
695:in
467:417
402:...
219:of
746::
637:,
621:,
573:,
476:.
380:.
341:^
287:,
236:.
143:.
123:,
67:.
47::
35::
732:e
725:t
718:v
707:.
446:.
335:.
43:(
31:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
