911:, who receive little or no attention from professional scientists. She describes all of them as trying to make sense of the world using the scientific method but in the face of being unable to understand modern science's complex theories. She also finds it fair that credentialed scientists do not bother spending a lot of time learning about and explaining problems with the fringe theories of uncredentialed scientists since the authors of those theories have not taken the time to understand the mainstream theories they aim to disprove.
2377:
702:, a physical energy he claimed to have discovered, contributed to his alienation from the psychiatric community. He was eventually sentenced to two years in a federal prison, where he died. At that time and continuing today, scientists disputed his claim that he had scientific evidence for the existence of orgone. Nevertheless, amateurs and a few fringe researchers continued to believe that orgone is real.
583:. Fringe science theories are often advanced by people who have no traditional academic science background, or by researchers outside the mainstream discipline. The general public has difficulty distinguishing between science and its imitators, and in some cases, a "yearning to believe or a generalized suspicion of experts is a very potent incentive to accepting pseudoscientific claims".
798:
was formed from deep carbon deposits, perhaps dating to the formation of the Earth. The ubiquity of hydrocarbons in the solar system may be evidence that there may be more petroleum on Earth than commonly thought and that petroleum may originate from carbon-bearing fluids that migrate upward from the
1636:
Warner, H.; Anderson, J.; Austad, S.; Bergamini, E.; Bredesen, D.; Butler, R.; Carnes, B. A.; Clark, B. F. C.; Cristofalo, V.; Faulkner, J.; Guarente, L.; Harrison, D. E.; Kirkwood, T.; Lithgow, G.; Martin, G.; Masoro, E.; Melov, S.; Miller, R. A.; Olshansky, S. J.; Partridge, L.; Pereira-Smith, O.;
786:
in March 1989. Numerous research efforts at the time were unable to replicate their results. Subsequently, several scientists have worked on cold fusion or have participated in international conferences on it. In 2004, the United States
Department of Energy commissioned a panel on cold fusion to
900:
Friedlander suggests that fringe science is necessary so mainstream science will not atrophy. Scientists must evaluate the plausibility of each new fringe claim, and certain fringe discoveries "will later graduate into the ranks of accepted" — while others "will never receive confirmation".
923:
asserts, "Too often speculative and tentative hypotheses of cutting edge science are treated as if they were scientific truths, and so accepted by a public eager for answers." However, the public is ignorant that "As science progresses from ignorance to understanding it must pass through a
708:(FIT), as the primary cause of systemic disease, rapidly became accepted by mainstream dentistry and medicine after World War I. This acceptance was largely based upon what later turned out to be fundamentally flawed studies. As a result, millions of people were subjected to needless
771:, we might charitably say that de Grey's proposals exist in a kind of antechamber of science, where they wait (possibly in vain) for independent verification. SENS does not compel the assent of many knowledgeable scientists; but neither is it demonstrably wrong."
641:
is disputed. The connotation of "fringe science" is that the enterprise is rational but is unlikely to produce good results for various reasons, including incomplete or contradictory evidence. Pseudoscience, however, is something that is not
927:
The media also play a role in propagating the belief that certain fields of science are controversial. In their 2003 paper "Optimising Public
Understanding of Science and Technology in Europe: A Comparative Perspective", Jan Nolin
676:
The confusion between science and pseudoscience, between honest scientific error and genuine scientific discovery, is not new, and it is a permanent feature of the scientific landscape .... Acceptance of new science can come
5055:
767:(part of a larger series), it was stated that "SENS is highly speculative. Many of its proposals have not been reproduced, nor could they be reproduced with today's scientific knowledge and technology. Echoing
3945:
6003:
3469:
799:
Earth's mantle. Abiogenic hypotheses saw a revival in the last half of the twentieth century by
Russian and Ukrainian scientists. More interest was generated in the West after the 1999 publication by
6026:
5060:
932:
write that "From a media perspective it is evident that controversial science sells, not only because of its dramatic value, but also since it is often connected to high-stake societal issues."
6016:
2027:
5416:
723:
theory held that the Clovis culture was the first culture in North
America. It was long regarded as a mainstream theory until mounting evidence of a pre-Clovis culture discredited it.
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893:. His suggested methods include impeccable accuracy, checking cited sources, not overstating orthodox science, thorough understanding of the Wegener
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653:. For example, Lyell D. Henry Jr. wrote, "Fringe science a term also suggesting kookiness." This characterization is perhaps inspired by the
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and surgeries. The original studies supporting FIT began falling out of favor in the 1930s. By the late 1950s, it was regarded as a
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Although most fringe science is rejected, the scientific community has come to accept some portions of it. One example of such is
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2409:
1071:
4681:
1542:
Waters, Michael (25 March 2011). "The
Buttermilk Creek Complex and the Origins of Clovis at the Debra L. Friedkin Site, Texas".
5300:
4756:
4337:
4147:
897:
example, examples of orthodox science investigating radical proposals, and prepared examples of errors from fringe scientists.
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753:" (SENS). Many mainstream scientists believe his research is fringe science (especially his view of the importance of nuclear
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563:
297:
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1728:"A report from the American Physical Society spring meeting – 1–2 May 1989 Baltimore, MD Special session on cold fusion"
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2008:
1395:
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Some theories that were once rejected as fringe science but were eventually accepted as mainstream science include:
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has suggested some guidelines for responding to fringe science, which, he argues, is a more difficult problem than
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5205:
5177:
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2004:
1008:
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reexamine the concept. They wanted to determine whether their policies should be altered because of new evidence.
322:
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5805:
5002:
4898:
3937:
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2508:
1727:
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817:
bacteria in the Earth's crust, which might explain the existence of specific biomarkers in extracted petroleum.
5991:
5904:
5765:
5755:
5674:
3736:
3309:
1970:
The politics and morality of deviance: moral panics, drug abuse, deviant science, and reversed stigmatization
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5343:
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4111:
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1637:
Perls, T.; Richardson, A.; Smith, J.; Von
Zglinicki, T.; Wang, E.; Wei, J. Y.; Williams, T. F. (Nov 2005).
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115:
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1304:
875:
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629:, was once considered to be medical fact. It has since been dismissed because of a lack of evidence.
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of many researchers of the kind known colloquially (and with considerable historical precedent) as
556:
205:
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2059:. Washington, D.C.: Democratic Caucus of the Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives.
1619:"The quest for immortality: Want to live 500 years? One scientist says it may be possible one day"
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6219:
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1943:
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refers to ideas whose attributes include being highly speculative or relying on premises already
445:
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125:
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110:
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1021: – Violation of codes of scholarly conduct and ethical behavior in scientific research
1002:
864:
621:
may become fringe science because of a later evaluation of previous research. For example,
618:
599:
580:
465:
460:
407:
145:
1974:. SUNY series in deviance and social control. Albany: State University of New York Press.
1618:
1464:
691:
Some historical ideas that are considered to have been refuted by mainstream science are:
8:
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5187:
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4279:
4017:
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2871:
2819:
2706:
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2441:
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1968:
1963:
1671:
1639:"Science fact and the SENS agenda. What can we reasonably expect from ageing research?"
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1511:
942:
779:
225:
175:
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2014:
1992:
1975:
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1391:
1364:
1197:
1167:
1125:
1117:
904:
894:
709:
669:
595:
591:
520:
230:
100:
55:
45:
3639:
1867:
An
Epidemic of Absence: A New Way of Understanding Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases
1515:
1486:
Pallasch, TJ (March 2000). "The focal infection theory: appraisal and reappraisal".
6246:
5864:
5659:
5396:
5391:
5182:
5165:
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3825:
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3064:
3026:
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2913:
2716:
2160:
1666:
1650:
1559:
1499:
1495:
1436:"Fantastically Wrong: Why Is the Sky Blue? It's Packed With Sexy Energy, of Course"
1277:
1226:
1109:
626:
455:
352:
342:
625:, which held that focal infections of the tonsils or teeth are a primary cause of
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2248:
2107:
2101:
CSICOP On-line: Scientifically
Investigating Paranormal and Fringe Science Claims
2073:
830:
768:
665:
602:. This has resulted in a tendency to dismiss all fringe science as the domain of
397:
200:
135:
75:
4507:
1412:
999: – Fundamental change in ideas and practices within a scientific discipline
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3314:
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2982:
2923:
2756:
2721:
2519:
2451:
2223:
2114:
de Jager, Cornelis (March 1990). "Science, fringe science and pseudo-science".
1045:
996:
736:
720:
480:
417:
375:
220:
215:
85:
1387:
The
Pseudoscience Wars: Immanuel Velikovsky and the Birth of the Modern Fringe
6319:
6182:
5553:
5318:
4821:
4055:
3705:
3700:
3483:
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3054:
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2881:
2829:
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2614:
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2018:
1766:
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1654:
1129:
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1113:
1039:
957:
841:
713:
695:
658:
638:
603:
510:
422:
265:
210:
190:
140:
95:
5197:
3470:
An
Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural
2241:
2180:
2093:
2064:
1996:
1979:
1563:
1171:
778:, which occurs near room temperature and pressure, was reported by chemists
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783:
535:
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317:
250:
185:
70:
4816:
2253:
Communicating uncertainty: Media coverage of new and controversial science
2143:
Dutch, Steven I. (January 1982). "Notes on the nature of fringe science".
1332:"Two Scientists Jailed; Pair Sentenced in Maine in Sale of 'Accumulators'"
6283:
5283:
5135:
4539:
3921:
3852:
3776:
3623:
3254:
3015:
2741:
2731:
2599:
2549:
1986:
1092:
Dutch, Steven I (January 1982). "Notes on the nature of fringe science".
814:
800:
775:
754:
530:
255:
2057:
Environmental science under siege: fringe science and the 104th Congress
1703:
1005: – Area of research which persists despite being widely discredited
6273:
6101:
6096:
5568:
5140:
4741:
4736:
4558:
3903:
3665:
3633:
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3299:
3187:
3182:
3157:
3152:
3042:
2977:
2908:
2783:
2751:
2691:
2488:
1937:"Optimising public understanding of science: A comparative perspective"
1771:
Plate tectonics: an insider's history of the modern theory of the Earth
963:
741:
650:
587:
490:
310:
245:
150:
105:
60:
31:
3554:
6278:
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3379:
3197:
3147:
3115:
3090:
2955:
2761:
2736:
2701:
2503:
2446:
2075:
Experts in uncertainty: opinion and subjective probability in science
810:
809:. Gold's version of the theory is partly based on the existence of a
795:
746:
607:
260:
90:
50:
2249:
Friedman, Sharon M; Dunwoody, Sharon; Rogers, Carol L, eds. (1998).
1360:
Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience: From Alien Abductions to Zone Therapy
5727:
3783:
3680:
3137:
2696:
2671:
2619:
2579:
2498:
1266:
Henry Lyell D. (1981). "Unorthodox science as a popular activity".
1033: – Obsolete theories in natural philosophy and natural history
852:
611:
495:
402:
327:
130:
120:
1595:"Arrowheads Found in Texas Dial Back Arrival of Humans in America"
4826:
4812:
4060:
3880:
3710:
3284:
3217:
3127:
3080:
3047:
960: – Idea which departs from accepted scholarship in the field
758:
643:
475:
270:
195:
155:
3384:
2387:
6067:
4991:
3192:
2376:
1350:
983: – Scientific data considered to be spurious or fraudulent
699:
392:
160:
65:
6241:
5939:
3628:
2766:
1635:
170:
836:
332:
2353:. Center for Scientific Anomalies Research. Archived from
2306:
2100:
1991:. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
1363:. Facts on File. pp. 36, 55, 68, 248–249, 298–299.
668:, an idea which had its origin in the fringe science of
2214:
1161:
1050:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1035:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1013:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
975:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
966: – Pseudoscientific system of alternative medicine
947:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
586:
The term "fringe science" covers everything from novel
1987:
Brante, Thomas; Fuller, Steve; Lynch, William (1993).
1413:"THE RESURRECTION OF WILHELM REICH AND ORGONE THERAPY"
1377:
945: – 1985 autobiographical book by Richard Feynman
2054:
1356:
5025:
2116:
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
1962:
1027: – Study of science as a social activity (SSK)
617:A concept that was once accepted by the mainstream
2250:
2113:
1967:
1383:
924:transitional phase of confusion and uncertainty."
2187:
1989:Controversial science: from content to contention
1390:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 158–159.
6317:
2341:
2257:. Mahwah, New Jersey; London: Lawrence Erlbaum.
2142:
1863:
1809:The reception of Copernicus' heliocentric theory
907:profiled many "outsider scientists" in her book
1716:(includes June 9, 2006 critiques and rebuttals)
1417:The Scientific Review of Mental Health Practice
1410:
1091:
881:
751:strategies for engineered negligible senescence
2025:
1265:
1217:David Bell (December 1999). "Secret science".
4044:
3810:
3570:
2428:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
2403:
1294:
992:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
973: – American body to study fringe science
646:but is incorrectly characterised as science.
557:
6002:
2309:"Parapsychology: Science or Pseudo-Science?"
2279:
2071:
1488:Journal of the California Dental Association
1485:
1184:
1836:"Distinguishing science from pseudoscience"
1433:
1427:
1404:
1246:"Distinguishing Science from Pseudoscience"
732:Relatively recent fringe sciences include:
16:Inquiries far outside of mainstream science
4557:
3577:
3563:
2410:
2396:
2003:
1833:
1295:Runco, Mark A; Pritzker, Steven R (1999).
1243:
1216:
564:
550:
3536:The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience
3477:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
1670:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
821:
4706:
2055:Brown, George E. Jr. (23 October 1996).
1479:
954: – Philosophical study of knowledge
637:The boundary between fringe science and
4495:
3584:
3441:Suppressed research in the Soviet Union
2282:The reception of unconventional science
2192:. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books.
1902:
1592:
1324:
1072:The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
6318:
1934:
1693:
1541:
1453:
1136:
876:Neanderthal-Homo sapiens hybridization
6208:
6051:
5437:
5024:
4843:
4705:
4556:
4494:
4043:
3954:
3809:
3605:
3558:
2391:
2284:. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
2078:. New York: Oxford University Press.
1784:Mysteries in History: Ancient History
348:Prizes for evidence of the paranormal
1797:Ten Discoveries That Rewrote History
987:List of fringe science organizations
590:, which can be tested utilizing the
5212:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
3866:
1908:
1530:Cave paintings and the human spirit
1463:. Zephyr Technology. Archived from
1048: – 2000 book by Robert L. Park
863:bacteria as the causative agent of
13:
5970:Springfield, Ohio, cat-eating hoax
3490:James Randi Educational Foundation
2307:Mousseau, Marie-Catherine (2003).
1870:. Simon and Schuster. p. 40.
1834:Beyerstein, Barry L. (July 1995).
1696:"Is defeating aging only a dream?"
1244:Beyerstein, Barry L. (July 1995).
847:Norse colonization of the Americas
745:special report, is studying human
338:James Randi Educational Foundation
14:
6347:
5612:Western-backed Iranian Revolution
5494:Finger-pinching conspiracy theory
5344:Proposed "Islamo-leftism" inquiry
2417:
2369:
2347:"The Perspective of Anomalistics"
2316:Journal of Scientific Exploration
2190:Paranormal borderlands of science
1864:Velasquez-Manoff, Moises (2013).
1750:, Open University Press, p. 134,
1282:10.1111/j.1542-734X.1981.0402_1.x
1025:Sociology of scientific knowledge
971:Journal of Scientific Exploration
774:A nuclear fusion reaction called
5071:Gas chambers for Poles in Warsaw
5008:Pont-Saint-Esprit mass poisoning
4374:South African Airways Flight 295
2887:Strauss–Howe generational theory
2865:Moon landing conspiracy theories
2662:Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
2375:
2110:—Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
2028:"Why science doesn't make sense"
2026:—— (31 March 2009).
1434:Simon, Matt (26 November 2014).
1162:Friedlander, Michael W. (1995).
914:
5655:Petrograd Military Organization
5178:International Jewish conspiracy
5026:Race, religion and/or ethnicity
4688:Denial of the 7 October attacks
4513:California drought manipulation
3515:The Natural History of Quackery
3457:Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
2145:Journal of Geological Education
2010:13 Things That Don't Make Sense
1956:
1928:
1891:
1857:
1827:
1824:Princeton University Press p. 7
1814:
1801:
1789:
1776:
1760:
1748:Science, Technology and Culture
1740:
1720:
1687:
1629:
1611:
1586:
1535:
1522:
1269:The Journal of American Culture
1094:Journal of Geological Education
1064:13 Things That Don't Make Sense
1009:Science, technology and society
757:and his timeline for antiaging
323:Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
5604:Israel-related animal theories
1500:10.1080/19424396.2000.12223068
1288:
1259:
1253:INFOMED - Red de Salud de Cuba
1237:
1210:
1178:
1085:
1042: – Philosophical movement
1031:Superseded scientific theories
672:and was rejected for decades.
632:
1:
5766:First Catilinarian conspiracy
4808:Ideology in incel communities
1942:. p. 632. Archived from
1357:Williams, William F. (2000).
1079:
686:
277:Reportedly haunted locations:
6209:
6132:Freeman on the land movement
6022:Maricopa County ballot audit
5980:"Vast right-wing conspiracy"
5438:
4407:Malaysia Airlines Flight 370
3691:Global catastrophe scenarios
3606:
3522:The Psychology of the Occult
2777:Traditional Chinese medicine
2652:Doktor Koster's Antigaspills
2509:Superseded scientific theory
1820:Lemonick, Michael D. (2003)
1694:Pontin, Jason (2006-07-11).
1593:Wilford, John (2011-03-24).
1299:. Vol. i–z. p. 10.
882:Responding to fringe science
7:
6296:Science by press conference
6269:Online youth radicalization
6188:Ted Cruz–Zodiac Killer meme
5875:CIA assistance to bin Laden
5518:(outside the United States)
4682:Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
4628:Mozambican presidential jet
4368:United Air Lines Flight 553
3899:Interdimensional hypothesis
3595:List of conspiracy theories
3133:Electronic voice phenomenon
2990:Myers–Briggs Type Indicator
2850:Chemtrail conspiracy theory
1807:JDobrzycki J Editor (1973)
1384:Gordin, Michael D. (2012).
935:
681:
649:The term may be considered
116:Electronic voice phenomenon
10:
6352:
5580:Middle East / North Africa
4980:oral polio AIDS hypothesis
4844:
3529:The Ragged Edge of Science
3260:Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff
3203:Pseudoscientific metrology
2727:Miracle Mineral Supplement
2188:Frazier, Kendrick (1981).
1297:Encyclopedia of Creativity
1075:(a book by Thomas S. Kuhn)
1067:(a book by Michael Brooks)
792:abiogenic petroleum origin
6215:
6204:
6160:
6117:
6058:
6052:
6047:
5821:
5720:
5673:
5632:
5579:
5514:
5448:
5444:
5433:
5357:
5309:
5263:
5121:
5031:
5020:
4850:
4839:
4712:
4701:
4566:
4552:
4503:
4490:
4451:
4416:
4313:
4054:
4050:
4045:Deaths and disappearances
4039:
3910:Estimate of the Situation
3816:
3811:Astronomy and outer space
3805:
3729:
3616:
3612:
3601:
3592:
3449:
3413:
3240:
3143:Facilitated communication
3073:
3003:
2807:
2542:
2529:
2434:
2425:
2220:At the Fringes of Science
1528:Whitley, David S. (2009)
1219:Science and Public Policy
1190:Left Hand of the Electron
1164:At the Fringes of Science
727:
6109:Shakespearean authorship
6087:Shadow government claims
5890:Election denial movement
5786:Lilla Saltsjöbadsavtalet
4238:Diana, Princess of Wales
3789:Psychological projection
3772:Mass psychogenic illness
3543:The Skeptic's Dictionary
3101:Biological transmutation
3021:Faster-than-light travel
2995:Enneagram of Personality
2961:Recovered-memory therapy
2845:9/11 conspiracy theories
2165:10.5408/0022-1368-30.1.6
1935:Nolin, Jan; et al.
1655:10.1038/sj.embor.7400555
1411:Klee, Gerald D. (2005).
1114:10.5408/0022-1368-30.1.6
761:). In a 2005 article in
388:Apparitional experiences
6226:Conspiracy Encyclopedia
6220:Argument from ignorance
5920:Philadelphia Experiment
5539:Avro Arrow cancellation
5364:Denial of mass killings
5046:COVID-19 and xenophobia
4530:Free energy suppression
3721:Urban legends and myths
3646:power behind the throne
3508:The Demon-Haunted World
3426:Bourgeois pseudoscience
2860:COVID-19 misinformation
2799:Young blood transfusion
2570:Anthroposophic medicine
2216:Friedlander, Michael W.
2013:. New York: Doubleday.
1564:10.1126/science.1201855
446:Argument from ignorance
413:Out-of-body experiences
126:Extrasensory perception
6264:Historical negationism
5693:Operation Sledgehammer
5459:Cow vigilante violence
5151:during the Black Death
4338:Great KantĹŤ earthquake
4208:GEC-Marconi scientists
4154:Martin Luther King Jr.
3917:Lake Michigan Triangle
3886:Black Knight satellite
3747:Communal reinforcement
3661:Political conspiracies
3340:Corentin Louis Kervran
3208:Rapid prompting method
3096:Biodynamic agriculture
3086:Aquatic ape hypothesis
2944:Historical negationism
2647:Doctrine of signatures
2514:True-believer syndrome
1911:"Cutting edge science"
1782:Conklin, Wendy (2005)
1011: – Academic field
887:Michael W. Friedlander
871:germ theory of disease
822:Accepted as mainstream
806:The Deep Hot Biosphere
706:Focal infection theory
679:
623:focal infection theory
471:Communal reinforcement
5992:Stab-in-the-back myth
5796:Clockwork Orange plot
5324:Bihar human sacrifice
5255:Stab-in-the-back myth
5078:German POWs post-WWII
4960:Germ theory denialism
4955:Electronic harassment
4676:Smolensk air disaster
4640:Oklahoma City bombing
4518:Climate change denial
4314:Accidents / disasters
4250:Nepalese royal family
3737:Attitude polarization
3345:The Light (newspaper)
3330:William Donald Kelley
3223:Voice stress analysis
2855:Climate change denial
2794:Wind turbine syndrome
2789:Vertebral subluxation
2682:Germ theory denialism
2280:Mauskopf, SH (1979).
2222:. Boulder, Colorado:
2072:Cooke, R. M. (1991).
1795:Hunt, Patrick (2007)
1019:Scientific misconduct
909:Physics on the Fringe
891:scientific misconduct
749:. He calls his work "
739:, featured in a 2006
674:
451:Argumentum ad populum
383:Anomalous experiences
363:Scientific skepticism
181:Paranormal television
6063:Dead Internet theory
5564:Daktari Ranch affair
5349:Trojan Horse scandal
4727:anti-gender movement
4707:Gender and sexuality
4664:Madrid train bombing
4610:Lufthansa Flight 615
4298:Sushant Singh Rajput
3838:Apollo Moon landings
3742:Cognitive dissonance
3335:Robert F. Kennedy Jr
3295:Ignatius L. Donnelly
2966:Past life regression
2825:Arabian Judah theory
2772:Traditional medicine
2565:Alternative medicine
2494:Pathological science
2384:at Wikimedia Commons
1822:Echo of the Big Bang
1231:10.1093/spp/26.6.450
1003:Pathological science
865:peptic ulcer disease
619:scientific community
466:Cognitive dissonance
461:Begging the question
408:Ideomotor phenomenon
6137:Redemption movement
5905:Georgia Guidestones
5188:Cultural Bolshevism
4827:Soy and masculinity
4497:Energy, environment
4401:EgyptAir Flight 990
4142:Lal Bahadur Shastri
4112:Subhas Chandra Bose
3586:Conspiracy theories
3431:Demarcation problem
3265:Brigitte Boisselier
2894:Hollow Earth theory
2877:Generational theory
2575:Applied kinesiology
2357:on February 6, 2009
2157:1982JGeoE..30....6D
2128:1990QJRAS..31...31D
2033:The Daily Telegraph
1964:Ben-Yehuda, Nachman
1746:Bell, David, 2005,
1556:2011Sci...331.1599W
1550:(6024): 1599–1603.
1106:1982JGeoE..30....6D
860:Helicobacter pylori
516:Scientific evidence
358:Scientific literacy
6232:Conspiracy fiction
6142:Sovereign citizens
5895:FBI secret society
5880:Clinton body count
5700:Gezi Park protests
5665:Ukraine bioweapons
5464:Greater Bangladesh
5206:Judeo-Masonic plot
5003:Water fluoridation
4970:HIV/AIDS denialism
4717:Alpha / beta males
4616:Widerøe Flight 933
4094:Władysław Sikorski
3833:Ancient astronauts
3501:Skeptical Inquirer
3400:Paul Joseph Watson
3375:Hans Alfred Nieper
3213:Statement analysis
3163:Intelligent design
3038:Reactionless drive
2872:Conversion therapy
2820:Ancient astronauts
2707:Leaky gut syndrome
2687:HIV/AIDS denialism
2442:Cargo cult science
2106:2014-03-16 at the
1599:The New York Times
1336:The New York Times
943:Cargo cult science
780:Martin Fleischmann
710:dental extractions
655:eccentric behavior
226:Spirit photography
176:Paranormal fiction
101:Demonic possession
6336:Scientific method
6313:
6312:
6309:
6308:
6200:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6178:Birds Aren't Real
6043:
6042:
6039:
6038:
6035:
6034:
5865:Black helicopters
5776:Mano Negra affair
5746:Itavia Flight 870
5683:2016 coup attempt
5587:In the Arab world
5519:
5429:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5417:Serbs during WWII
5334:Great Replacement
5192:Jewish Bolshevism
5108:War against Islam
5087:Product labeling
5056:French Revolution
5016:
5015:
4855:5G misinformation
4835:
4834:
4697:
4696:
4652:advance knowledge
4634:Pan Am Flight 103
4548:
4547:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4430:Yemenite children
4160:Robert F. Kennedy
4136:Lee Harvey Oswald
4118:Johnny Stompanato
4035:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4027:
4026:
3988:Aztec, New Mexico
3891:Cryptoterrestrial
3801:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3752:Confirmation bias
3552:
3551:
3463:Cults of Unreason
3436:Scientific method
3365:Ministry of Ayush
3310:Nicholas Gonzalez
3236:
3235:
3173:Law of attraction
3153:Flat Earth theory
3033:Quantum mysticism
2973:Scientific racism
2929:Pseudoarchaeology
2835:Conspiracy theory
2533:characterized as
2477:Pseudomathematics
2467:Pseudoarchaeology
2380:Media related to
2218:(February 1995).
1909:Simanek, Donald.
1756:978-0-335-21326-9
1700:Technology Review
1649:(11): 1006–1008.
1312:Missing or empty
1305:cite encyclopedia
1203:978-0-440-94717-2
921:Donald E. Simanek
905:Margaret Wertheim
895:continental drift
835:The existence of
764:Technology Review
670:continental drift
596:ad hoc hypotheses
592:scientific method
574:
573:
521:Scientific method
231:Spirit possession
46:Astral projection
6343:
6247:pseudoskepticism
6206:
6205:
6115:
6114:
6049:
6048:
6000:
5999:
5885:Cultural Marxism
5517:
5446:
5445:
5435:
5434:
5235:Killing of Jesus
5183:Committee of 300
5166:Holocaust denial
5119:
5118:
5103:Tartarian Empire
5073:
5064:
5041:CERN ritual hoax
5036:Bhagwa Love Trap
5022:
5021:
4975:origins theories
4860:Anti-vaccination
4841:
4840:
4791:Transvestigation
4703:
4702:
4554:
4553:
4492:
4491:
4452:Body double hoax
4286:Alejandro Castro
4184:Pope John Paul I
4166:Salvador Allende
4100:Benito Mussolini
4052:
4051:
4041:
4040:
3994:Southern England
3952:
3951:
3895:Extraterrestrial
3864:
3863:
3826:Nibiru cataclysm
3807:
3806:
3762:Locus of control
3716:Secret societies
3614:
3613:
3603:
3602:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3556:
3555:
3405:Andrew Wakefield
3106:Creation science
3065:Water-fueled car
3027:Perpetual motion
2949:Holocaust denial
2919:Nibiru cataclysm
2914:Nazi archaeology
2717:Macrobiotic diet
2540:
2539:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2379:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2343:Truzzi, Marcello
2338:
2336:
2330:. Archived from
2313:
2303:
2276:
2256:
2245:
2211:
2184:
2139:
2097:
2068:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2036:. Archived from
2022:
2000:
1983:
1973:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1941:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1913:. Archived from
1906:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1840:
1831:
1825:
1818:
1812:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1780:
1774:
1764:
1758:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1724:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1702:. Archived from
1691:
1685:
1684:
1674:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1539:
1533:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1250:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1159:
1134:
1133:
1132:. ERIC EJ260409.
1089:
1051:
1036:
1014:
976:
948:
627:systemic disease
604:pseudoscientists
566:
559:
552:
456:Bandwagon effect
353:Pseudoskepticism
343:Magical thinking
19:
18:
6351:
6350:
6346:
6345:
6344:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6316:
6315:
6314:
6305:
6237:Conspirituality
6211:
6192:
6156:
6147:Strawman theory
6113:
6054:
6031:
5998:
5959:Saddam–al-Qaeda
5935:Project Azorian
5915:Montauk Project
5817:
5801:Elm Guest House
5762:Roman Republic
5716:
5705:Sèvres syndrome
5669:
5628:
5575:
5544:Leuchter report
5516:
5510:
5440:
5421:
5362:
5359:Genocide denial
5353:
5305:
5259:
5245:New World Order
5117:
5069:
5058:
5027:
5012:
4882:in chiropractic
4846:
4831:
4798:Finger pinching
4786:litter box hoax
4752:HIV/AIDS stigma
4708:
4693:
4670:London bombings
4562:
4544:
4499:
4498:
4478:
4447:
4412:
4356:Lost Cosmonauts
4309:
4292:Jeffrey Epstein
4268:Osama bin Laden
4244:Alois Estermann
4130:John F. Kennedy
4076:Louis Le Prince
4059:
4046:
4023:
3950:
3876:Alien abduction
3862:
3821:2012 phenomenon
3812:
3793:
3725:
3608:
3597:
3588:
3583:
3553:
3548:
3445:
3421:Bogdanov affair
3409:
3389:Claude Vorilhon
3275:Robert Charroux
3250:Sucharit Bhakdi
3242:
3232:
3069:
2999:
2939:Genocide denial
2904:Japhetic theory
2899:Indigo children
2815:2012 phenomenon
2803:
2747:Patent medicine
2667:Energy medicine
2640:Colon cleansing
2625:Crystal healing
2560:Adrenal fatigue
2534:
2532:
2525:
2430:
2421:
2416:
2372:
2360:
2358:
2334:
2311:
2292:
2265:
2234:
2200:
2108:Wayback Machine
2086:
2043:
2041:
1959:
1954:
1946:
1939:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1862:
1858:
1848:
1846:
1838:
1832:
1828:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1781:
1777:
1765:
1761:
1745:
1741:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1709:
1707:
1692:
1688:
1634:
1630:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1603:
1601:
1591:
1587:
1540:
1536:
1527:
1523:
1484:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1467:on 13 July 2017
1461:"Orgone Energy"
1459:
1458:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1432:
1428:
1409:
1405:
1398:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1338:. 12 March 1957
1330:
1329:
1325:
1313:
1311:
1302:
1301:
1293:
1289:
1264:
1260:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1183:
1179:
1160:
1137:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1054:
1049:
1034:
1012:
974:
946:
938:
917:
884:
831:Plate tectonics
824:
730:
689:
684:
666:plate tectonics
635:
570:
541:
540:
436:
428:
427:
398:False awakening
378:
368:
367:
313:
303:
302:
201:Psychic reading
136:Fortune-telling
76:Close encounter
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6349:
6339:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6326:Fringe science
6311:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6291:Radicalization
6288:
6287:
6286:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6259:Fringe science
6256:
6254:Falsifiability
6251:
6250:
6249:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6222:
6216:
6213:
6212:
6202:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6164:
6162:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6152:Tax protesters
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6123:
6121:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6084:
6082:New chronology
6075:
6070:
6065:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6029:
6027:Stop the Steal
6024:
6019:
6014:
6008:
6006:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5994:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5961:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5947:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5827:
5825:
5819:
5818:
5816:
5815:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5790:
5789:
5788:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5770:
5769:
5768:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5740:
5739:
5738:
5730:
5724:
5722:
5721:Other European
5718:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5690:
5679:
5677:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5650:Golden billion
5647:
5642:
5640:Alaska payment
5636:
5634:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5624:
5616:
5615:
5614:
5606:
5601:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5583:
5581:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5548:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5522:
5520:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5461:
5452:
5450:
5442:
5441:
5431:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5368:
5366:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5270:
5268:
5266:Anti-Christian
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5208:
5203:
5202:
5201:
5185:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5171:Trivialization
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5113:White genocide
5110:
5105:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5093:
5085:
5083:Priory of Sion
5080:
5075:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4946:
4945:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4887:misinformation
4884:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4872:
4857:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4769:Lavender scare
4761:
4760:
4759:
4749:
4747:gay Nazis myth
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4719:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4685:
4679:
4673:
4667:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4643:
4637:
4631:
4625:
4622:KAL Flight 007
4619:
4613:
4607:
4598:
4592:
4589:Reichstag fire
4586:
4577:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4550:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4523:false theories
4515:
4510:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4488:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4469:Vladimir Putin
4466:
4461:
4459:Paul McCartney
4455:
4453:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4439:
4433:
4427:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4404:
4398:
4395:TWA Flight 800
4392:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4362:JAT Flight 367
4359:
4353:
4347:
4344:Lynmouth Flood
4341:
4335:
4326:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4301:
4295:
4289:
4283:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4262:Benazir Bhutto
4259:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4235:
4229:
4223:
4217:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4178:Renny Ottolina
4175:
4169:
4163:
4157:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4133:
4127:
4124:Marilyn Monroe
4121:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4082:Lord Kitchener
4079:
4073:
4070:Zachary Taylor
4066:
4064:
4048:
4047:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4015:
4009:
4003:
3997:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3973:
3967:
3960:
3958:
3949:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3906:
3901:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3872:
3870:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3696:Hidden message
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3640:Ă©minence grise
3636:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3610:
3609:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3582:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3559:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3415:
3414:Related topics
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3395:Randolph Stone
3392:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3370:Theodor Morell
3367:
3362:
3360:Joseph Mercola
3357:
3355:Jenny McCarthy
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3320:Graham Hancock
3317:
3315:Goop (company)
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3290:Vernon Coleman
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3055:Teleportation‎
3052:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3035:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3013:
3007:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2983:Melanin theory
2980:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2931:
2926:
2924:Parapsychology
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2808:Social science
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2757:Primal therapy
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2722:Magnet therapy
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2635:Detoxification
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2546:
2544:
2537:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2520:Voodoo Science
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2462:Fringe science
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2382:Fringe science
2371:
2370:External links
2368:
2367:
2366:
2339:
2337:on 2009-11-27.
2322:(2): 271–282.
2304:
2290:
2277:
2263:
2246:
2232:
2224:Westview Press
2212:
2198:
2185:
2140:
2111:
2098:
2084:
2069:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2001:
1984:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1949:on 2008-09-12.
1927:
1901:
1890:
1876:
1856:
1826:
1813:
1800:
1788:
1775:
1767:Oreskes, Naomi
1759:
1739:
1719:
1686:
1628:
1610:
1585:
1534:
1521:
1494:(3): 194–200.
1478:
1452:
1426:
1403:
1397:978-0226101729
1396:
1376:
1369:
1349:
1323:
1287:
1258:
1236:
1209:
1202:
1177:
1135:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1068:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1046:Voodoo science
1043:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1006:
1000:
997:Paradigm shift
994:
989:
984:
978:
967:
961:
955:
949:
939:
937:
934:
916:
913:
883:
880:
879:
878:
873:
867:
856:
849:
844:
839:
833:
823:
820:
819:
818:
790:The theory of
788:
772:
737:Aubrey de Grey
729:
726:
725:
724:
717:
703:
688:
685:
683:
680:
659:mad scientists
634:
631:
577:Fringe science
572:
571:
569:
568:
561:
554:
546:
543:
542:
539:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
486:Fringe science
483:
481:Falsifiability
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
437:
434:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
420:
418:Parapsychology
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
376:Parapsychology
374:
373:
370:
369:
366:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
314:
309:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
295:
290:
288:United Kingdom
285:
274:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
221:Retrocognition
218:
216:Remote viewing
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
86:Crystal gazing
83:
78:
73:
68:
66:Breatharianism
63:
58:
53:
48:
42:
39:
38:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6348:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6331:Fringe theory
6329:
6327:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6285:
6282:
6281:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6248:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6227:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6207:
6203:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6127:Admiralty law
6125:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6110:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6068:NESARA/GESARA
6066:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6057:
6050:
6046:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6009:
6007:
6005:
6004:2020 election
6001:
5993:
5989:
5988:POW/MIA issue
5986:
5985:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5975:Trump–Ukraine
5973:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5953:
5952:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5860:Biden–Ukraine
5858:
5854:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5830:Barack Obama
5829:
5828:
5826:
5824:
5823:United States
5820:
5812:
5811:Voting pencil
5809:
5807:
5806:Harold Wilson
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5767:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5678:
5676:
5672:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5631:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5555:
5554:Casa Matusita
5552:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5513:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5436:
5432:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5392:The Holocaust
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5319:Counter-jihad
5317:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5301:Giuseppe Siri
5299:
5297:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5275:
5274:Anti-Catholic
5272:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5262:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5200:
5199:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5179:
5176:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5146:Doctors' plot
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5124:
5120:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5062:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5030:
5023:
5019:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4944:
4943:United States
4940:
4936:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4842:
4838:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4822:Satanic panic
4820:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4758:
4757:United States
4755:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
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4056:Assassination
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4012:Alien autopsy
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3706:Pseudoscience
3704:
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3701:Pseudohistory
3699:
3697:
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3671:Crisis actors
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3280:Deepak Chopra
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3243:pseudoscience
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3111:Cryptozoology
3109:
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3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3011:Anti-gravity‎
3009:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
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2934:Pseudohistory
2932:
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2922:
2920:
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2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
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2882:Generationism
2880:
2879:
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2870:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:5G conspiracy
2838:
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2833:
2831:
2830:Catastrophism
2828:
2826:
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2677:FasciaBlaster
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2615:Correactology
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2610:Chromotherapy
2608:
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2535:pseudoscience
2528:
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2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
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2478:
2475:
2473:
2472:Pseudohistory
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2457:Fringe theory
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2424:
2420:
2419:Pseudoscience
2413:
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2399:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2356:
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2333:
2329:
2325:
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2301:
2297:
2293:
2291:0-89158-297-5
2287:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2264:0-8058-2727-7
2260:
2255:
2254:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2233:0-8133-2200-6
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2199:0-87975-148-7
2195:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
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2166:
2162:
2158:
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2112:
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2102:
2099:
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2087:
2085:0-19-506465-8
2081:
2077:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2040:on 2009-04-04
2039:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1917:on 2008-03-19
1916:
1912:
1905:
1899:
1894:
1879:
1877:9781439199398
1873:
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1749:
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1729:
1723:
1717:
1706:on 2012-09-11
1705:
1701:
1697:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1673:
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1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
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1632:
1625:. 2005-12-28.
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1073:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1040:Transhumanism
1038:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1010:
1007:
1004:
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998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
982:
979:
977:
972:
968:
965:
962:
959:
958:Fringe theory
956:
953:
950:
944:
941:
940:
933:
931:
925:
922:
915:Controversies
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
896:
892:
888:
877:
874:
872:
868:
866:
862:
861:
857:
854:
850:
848:
845:
843:
842:Heliocentrism
840:
838:
834:
832:
829:
828:
827:
816:
812:
808:
807:
802:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
770:
766:
765:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
743:
738:
735:
734:
733:
722:
718:
715:
714:fringe theory
711:
707:
704:
701:
698:'s work with
697:
696:Wilhelm Reich
694:
693:
692:
678:
673:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
647:
645:
640:
639:pseudoscience
630:
628:
624:
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613:
609:
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584:
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548:
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537:
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511:Pseudoscience
509:
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424:
423:Synchronicity
421:
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386:
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296:
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293:United States
291:
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284:
281:
280:
279:
278:
272:
269:
267:
266:Table-turning
264:
262:
259:
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249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
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232:
229:
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219:
217:
214:
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211:Reincarnation
209:
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202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
191:Preternatural
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
141:Ghost hunting
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
96:Cryptozoology
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
62:
59:
57:
54:
52:
49:
47:
44:
43:
40:Main articles
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
6301:Superstition
6258:
6224:
6080: /
6078:Phantom time
6017:"Pence Card"
5990: /
5984:Vietnam War
5949:
5910:Jade Helm 15
5851: /
5709:
5645:Dulles' Plan
5529:Andinia Plan
5504:Finland Plot
5490:South Korea
5484:Tallano gold
5480:Philippines
5311:Islamophobic
5264:Christian /
5240:Kalergi Plan
5230:Judeopolonia
5218:World War II
5210:
5196:
5190: /
5161:George Soros
5156:Epsilon Team
5131:Andinia Plan
4987:Lepers' plot
4941: /
4937: /
4929:turbo cancer
4815: /
4657:WTC collapse
4646:9/11 attacks
4602:
4595:Pearl Harbor
4581:
4572:
4387:
4380:Khamar-Daban
4350:Dyatlov Pass
4330:
4322:Mary Celeste
4321:
4220:Vince Foster
4106:Adolf Hitler
3970:Maury Island
3964:Dundy County
3936:
3927:Men in black
3909:
3897: /
3893: /
3848:Hollow Earth
3777:moral panics
3767:Manipulation
3659: /
3655: /
3638:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3350:Mike Lindell
3270:Rhonda Byrne
3241:Promoters of
3228:Water memory
3168:Laundry ball
3060:Tractor beam
3016:Cold fusion‎
2712:Lunar effect
2657:Ear candling
2605:Chiropractic
2595:Bloodletting
2585:Bates method
2555:Aromatherapy
2518:
2484:Junk science
2461:
2359:. Retrieved
2355:the original
2351:Anomalistics
2350:
2332:the original
2319:
2315:
2281:
2252:
2219:
2189:
2148:
2144:
2122:(1): 31–45.
2119:
2115:
2074:
2056:
2042:. Retrieved
2038:the original
2031:
2009:
1988:
1969:
1957:Bibliography
1944:the original
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1904:
1893:
1883:27 September
1881:. Retrieved
1866:
1859:
1849:27 September
1847:. Retrieved
1845:. p. 17
1842:
1829:
1821:
1816:
1808:
1803:
1796:
1791:
1783:
1778:
1770:
1762:
1747:
1742:
1731:. Retrieved
1722:
1715:
1708:. Retrieved
1704:the original
1699:
1689:
1646:
1643:EMBO Reports
1642:
1631:
1622:
1613:
1602:. Retrieved
1598:
1588:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1529:
1524:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1465:the original
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1439:
1429:
1420:
1416:
1406:
1386:
1379:
1359:
1352:
1340:. Retrieved
1335:
1326:
1314:|title=
1296:
1290:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1252:
1239:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1194:Bantam Books
1189:
1186:Isaac Asimov
1180:
1163:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1070:
1062:
981:Junk science
969:
952:Epistemology
929:
926:
918:
908:
903:
899:
885:
858:
825:
813:composed of
804:
784:Stanley Pons
762:
759:therapeutics
755:epimutations
740:
731:
721:Clovis First
690:
675:
663:
648:
636:
616:
585:
576:
575:
536:Urban legend
526:Superstition
506:Protoscience
501:Junk science
485:
441:Anomalistics
318:Cold reading
276:
275:
251:Supernatural
241:Spiritualism
236:Spirit world
186:Precognition
71:Clairvoyance
6284:hate speech
5870:CIA and JFK
5849:"Obamagate"
5834:citizenship
5736:German Plot
5284:Popish Plot
5250:Rothschilds
5136:Blood libel
5123:Antisemitic
5059: [
4939:Philippines
4776:Recruitment
4561:allegations
4540:Red mercury
4424:Joan of Arc
4417:Other cases
4358:(1950s–60s)
4304:John McAfee
4274:Hugo Chávez
4226:Kurt Cobain
4214:Turgut Ă–zal
4210:(1980s–90s)
4190:Airey Neave
4148:Harold Holt
4088:Tom Thomson
4006:Gulf Breeze
4000:Ilkley Moor
3853:Hollow Moon
3624:Antiscience
3617:Core topics
3255:Del Bigtree
2742:Panchagavya
2732:Naturopathy
2600:Body memory
2550:Acupuncture
2435:Terminology
2151:(1): 6–13.
1898:NPR Podcast
1276:(2): 1–22.
1100:(1): 6–13.
815:thermophile
801:Thomas Gold
794:holds that
776:cold fusion
633:Description
600:mumbo jumbo
531:Uncertainty
256:Telekinesis
206:Psychometry
91:Conjuration
6320:Categories
6274:Paranormal
6183:Li's field
6102:synarchism
6097:Illuminati
6092:Bilderberg
5964:Sandy Hook
5900:FEMA camps
5752:Lithuania
5597:Cairo fire
5569:Golpe Azul
5560:Venezuela
5525:Argentina
5377:Bangladesh
5339:Love jihad
5198:Żydokomuna
5141:Cohen Plan
5051:Freemasons
4914:Ivermectin
4904:Chemtrails
4899:Big Pharma
4875:Thiomersal
4742:gay agenda
4737:drag panic
4722:Anti-LGBTQ
4559:False flag
4202:Zia-ul-Haq
4196:Olof Palme
4018:Morristown
3982:Twin Falls
3938:Die Glocke
3904:Dulce Base
3858:Reptilians
3843:Flat Earth
3730:Psychology
3666:Conspiracy
3634:deep state
3495:Quackwatch
3325:David Icke
3305:Max Gerson
3300:Gaia, Inc.
3188:Numerology
3183:Lysenkoism
3178:Levitation
3158:Graphology
3043:Dean drive
2978:Aryan race
2909:Mediumship
2784:Trepanning
2752:Phrenology
2692:Homeopathy
2590:Biorhythms
2489:Paranormal
2361:2009-04-14
2005:Brooks, M.
1921:2008-04-01
1843:www.sld.cu
1733:2009-04-14
1710:2007-04-25
1604:2011-03-27
1370:081603351X
1225:(6): 450.
1080:References
964:Homeopathy
742:60 Minutes
687:Historical
651:pejorative
644:scientific
588:hypotheses
491:Groupthink
311:Skepticism
246:Stone Tape
151:Mediumship
106:Demonology
61:Bilocation
32:Paranormal
6279:Prejudice
6173:Bielefeld
6161:Satirical
6119:Pseudolaw
6012:Italygate
5951:incidents
5925:Pizzagate
5844:parentage
5756:Statesmen
5688:Ergenekon
5622:Pallywood
5592:10 agorot
5500:Thailand
5474:Jinnahpur
5470:Pakistan
5397:Holodomor
5387:Cambodian
4894:Aspartame
4803:GamerGate
4764:Homintern
4732:Chemicals
4582:Lusitania
4508:Agenda 21
4442:Jonestown
4432:(1948–54)
4280:Seth Rich
4172:Aldo Moro
4008:(1987–88)
3932:Nazi UFOs
3757:Denialism
3686:Espionage
3676:Deception
3450:Resources
3380:Mehmet Oz
3198:Polygraph
3148:Feng shui
3116:Dianetics
3091:Astrology
2956:Pseudolaw
2762:Radionics
2737:Palmistry
2702:Iridology
2504:Snake oil
2447:Charlatan
2328:0892-3310
2273:263560777
2208:251487947
2173:0022-1368
2136:0035-8738
2019:213480209
1663:1469-221X
1580:206531951
1130:427103550
1122:0022-1368
811:biosphere
796:petroleum
747:longevity
608:hobbyists
328:Debunking
261:Telepathy
111:Ectoplasm
81:Cold spot
51:Astrology
6210:See also
6073:New Coke
5930:The Plan
5839:religion
5732:Ireland
5728:Euromyth
5711:Üst akıl
5660:Rasputin
5515:Americas
5439:Regional
5372:Armenian
4924:vaccines
4919:lab leak
4909:COVID-19
4781:Grooming
4063:theories
3784:Paranoia
3681:Dystopia
3657:Criminal
3607:Overview
3138:Eugenics
3121:Auditing
2697:Humorism
2672:Fad diet
2620:Cryonics
2580:Ayurveda
2543:Medicine
2499:Quackery
2345:(1998).
2242:31046052
2181:92686827
2104:Archived
2094:22710786
2065:57343997
2007:(2008).
1997:26096166
1980:19128625
1966:(1990).
1769:(2003),
1681:16264422
1623:CBS News
1572:21436451
1516:42277199
1508:11326533
1471:31 March
1445:31 March
1342:31 March
1188:(1980).
1172:42309381
936:See also
853:Big Bang
769:Myhrvold
682:Examples
594:to wild
496:Hypnosis
403:Hypnosis
131:Forteana
121:Exorcism
24:a series
22:Part of
5853:Spygate
5782:Sweden
5618:Israel
5535:Canada
5407:Rwandan
5402:Nanjing
5382:Bosnian
5329:Eurabia
5289:Vatican
5279:Jesuits
5074:(1940s)
4992:Medbeds
4817:Gaylors
4813:Larries
4648:(2001)
4603:Liberty
4388:Estonia
4331:Titanic
4061:suicide
3976:Roswell
3881:Area 51
3711:Secrecy
3285:Clonaid
3218:Ufology
3128:Dowsing
3081:Alchemy
3048:EMDrive
3004:Physics
2630:Cupping
2531:Topics
2300:4495634
2153:Bibcode
2124:Bibcode
2044:2 April
1672:1371037
1552:Bibcode
1544:Science
1102:Bibcode
677:slowly.
581:refuted
476:Fallacy
435:Related
271:Ufology
196:Psychic
156:Miracle
5966:(2012)
5945:Pastel
5772:Spain
5742:Italy
5675:Turkey
5633:Russia
5455:India
5223:Z.O.G.
5096:Kosher
4999:(2003)
4935:Canada
4865:autism
4845:Health
4690:(2023)
4684:(2014)
4678:(2010)
4672:(2005)
4666:(2004)
4642:(1995)
4636:(1988)
4630:(1986)
4624:(1983)
4618:(1982)
4612:(1972)
4606:(1967)
4597:(1941)
4591:(1933)
4585:(1915)
4576:(1898)
4444:(1978)
4438:(1977)
4426:(1431)
4409:(2014)
4403:(1999)
4397:(1996)
4391:(1994)
4382:(1993)
4376:(1987)
4370:(1972)
4364:(1972)
4352:(1959)
4346:(1952)
4340:(1923)
4334:(1912)
4325:(1872)
4306:(2021)
4300:(2020)
4294:(2019)
4288:(2018)
4282:(2016)
4276:(2013)
4270:(2011)
4264:(2007)
4258:(2004)
4252:(2001)
4246:(1998)
4240:(1997)
4234:(1995)
4228:(1994)
4222:(1993)
4216:(1993)
4204:(1988)
4198:(1986)
4192:(1979)
4186:(1978)
4180:(1978)
4174:(1978)
4168:(1973)
4162:(1968)
4156:(1968)
4150:(1967)
4144:(1966)
4138:(1963)
4132:(1963)
4126:(1962)
4120:(1958)
4114:(1945)
4108:(1945)
4102:(1945)
4096:(1943)
4090:(1917)
4084:(1916)
4078:(1890)
4072:(1850)
4020:(2009)
4014:(1995)
4002:(1987)
3996:(1967)
3990:(1949)
3984:(1947)
3978:(1947)
3972:(1947)
3966:(1884)
3956:Hoaxes
3913:(1948)
3629:Cabals
3193:Orgone
2326:
2298:
2288:
2271:
2261:
2240:
2230:
2206:
2196:
2179:
2171:
2134:
2092:
2082:
2063:
2017:
1995:
1978:
1874:
1811:p. 311
1754:
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1669:
1661:
1578:
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1514:
1506:
1394:
1367:
1200:
1170:
1128:
1120:
930:et al.
855:theory
728:Modern
700:orgone
612:quacks
610:, and
393:Empath
161:Occult
26:on the
6242:Dogma
6053:Other
5940:QAnon
5608:Iran
5550:Peru
5412:Sayfo
5296:Bible
5091:Halal
5063:]
4950:Ebola
4573:Maine
4535:HAARP
3922:MJ-12
3653:Civil
3074:Other
2767:Reiki
2452:Crank
2335:(PDF)
2312:(PDF)
1947:(PDF)
1940:(PDF)
1839:(PDF)
1786:p. 39
1773:p. 72
1576:S2CID
1532:p. 98
1512:S2CID
1440:Wired
1249:(PDF)
1057:Books
1015:(STS)
298:World
283:India
171:Ouija
146:Magic
6168:Acre
5449:Asia
4997:SARS
4965:GMOs
4601:USS
4580:RMS
4571:USS
4329:RMS
3868:UFOs
3385:Raël
2324:ISSN
2296:OCLC
2286:ISBN
2269:OCLC
2259:ISBN
2238:OCLC
2228:ISBN
2204:OCLC
2194:ISBN
2177:OCLC
2169:ISSN
2132:ISSN
2090:OCLC
2080:ISBN
2061:OCLC
2046:2009
2015:OCLC
1993:OCLC
1976:OCLC
1885:2017
1872:ISBN
1851:2017
1752:ISBN
1677:PMID
1659:ISSN
1568:PMID
1504:PMID
1473:2015
1447:2015
1423:(1).
1392:ISBN
1365:ISBN
1344:2015
1318:help
1198:ISBN
1168:OCLC
1126:OCLC
1118:ISSN
869:The
851:The
837:Troy
782:and
719:The
598:and
333:Hoax
56:Aura
5792:UK
4933:in
4870:MMR
4386:MS
2161:doi
1667:PMC
1651:doi
1560:doi
1548:331
1496:doi
1278:doi
1227:doi
1110:doi
919:As
803:of
166:Orb
6322::
5061:fr
2349:.
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2318:.
2314:.
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2267:.
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