33:
1053:
1041:
455:, Vermont. General Riedesel had promised protection to the loyalists, and wanted to attack the rebels at once. Burgoyne stalled, however, and ordered Riedesel to continue his advance instead of stopping to fight Warner's militia. General Riedesel warned the Duke of Brunswick that even if the campaign went well, they could not hope to be back to Germany in 1778.
509:
named
Riedesel officer in charge of the Sorel District, where he and his family stayed until his departure from North America at the end of Summer 1783. According to Charlotte's diary and local lore, the Riedesels introduced the custom of an illuminated Christmas tree in North America while in Sorel
313:
An officer who had seen his interest befriended
Riedesel, and later tricked him into enlisting. He was told that his father had consented to his enlistment, so at 17 he joined the Marburg battalion, only to have his allowance cut off when his angry father learned of it. The two were later reconciled,
293:
and Sophia von Borcke. His birth on June 3, 1738 and early education both took place in
Lauterbach. The title of "Freiherr" (Baron) was carried by all men of his lineage who reached majority. His parents disagreed about his education; his mother wanted him prepared for a religious career, while his
541:
Beginning with the publication of the couple's letters from the
American Revolution arranged by one of his sons-in-law (von ReuĂź), the General came to be referred to as "von Riedesel" in American scholarly and popular writing. This is historically incorrect. From its earliest known members in the
458:
During the campaign, Riedesel showed an ability to adapt to combat in the
American wilderness. He issued new orders to his army to attack in open order from cover of trees, and when forced to fight in the open, to close order and immediately charge with the bayonet.
517:, who had become the ruler of Brunswick-WolfenbĂĽttel in 1780, while his army was being held captive in the United States. Riedesel was promoted to Lieutenant-General in 1787, and given command of the Brunswick troops in the southern provinces of Holland.
369:, where they lived quietly for several years. During these years, Riedesel commuted to Brunswick, where he was adjutant to the duke. He also fathered three daughters: Gustava (1771-1805), Frederica (1774-1854), and Caroline (1776-1861).
958:
Die Berufs-Reise nach
America: Briefe der Generalin von Riedesel auf dieser Reise und während ihres sechsjährigen Aufenthalts in America zur Zeit des dortigen Krieges Ăn den Jahren 1776 bis 1783 nach Deutschland
558:) did not designate them as "von." In the initial volume of the authorized history of the family (1923), the author E. E. Becker clearly states that the Riedesel zu Eisenbach did not use the "von" in their names.
1088:
1093:
326:. Riedesel knew no French nor English, but learned both while in England, and made friends with several English officers that he would later meet in the Americas. The unit was recalled to the
624:
A detailed account of
Riedesel's work in Sorel and along the Richelieu River can be found in the Haldimand Collection in the National Archives of Canada (mainly in the series 136 to 139).
1113:
381:
broke out in 1775, the
British government found itself in need of trained troops to suppress the rebellion. The rulers of Brunswick-WolfenbĂĽttel came from the
478:
where her husband had sent her to seek shelter during the closing days of the siege at
Saratoga is one of the vivid episodes of the American Revolution.
342:
in 1759. He served for a time (1760) in the
Hessian Hussar regiment and had a portrait done wearing their uniform. Riedesel also gained the attention of
402:
262:
947:
1103:
991:
514:
394:
513:
General Riedesel returned to Europe in late 1783, sailing first to England. He led the remainder of his Brunswick troops to a review by
878:
Vierter Abschnitt, 6. Kapitel "Friedrich Adolpha Riedesel aus dem Hause Burg (Lauterbach) und Luise Charlotte von Massow (Pp. 410-435).
475:
466:, became herself a relevant actor. She traveled to Canada with her infant daughters to be with her husband on the campaign. Her
1138:
1133:
1153:
1083:
975:
753:
501:. They transferred to New York, where General Riedesel spent a year on parole, before being exchanged for American General
941:
1148:
895:
468:
Letters and Journals Relating to the War of the American Revolution and the Capture of the German Troops at Saratoga
1143:
1118:
398:
436:
1123:
842:
Die Riedesel zu Eisenbach, Erster Band, vom ersten Auftreten des Namens bis zum Tod Hermanns III. Riedesel 1500
794:
Martin, Sara; Taylor, C. James; Millikan, Neal E.; Mathews, Amanda A.; Woodward, Hobson Woodward, eds. (2015).
294:
father sought a legal education and diplomatic service. Either of these was a proper career for a younger son.
386:
547:
463:
378:
358:
335:
204:
1019:
711:
32:
1031:
1010:
502:
266:
163:
1128:
1108:
856:
494:
425:
940:
435:
of 1777. His letters to the Duke of Brunswick reveal discontent with British Generals Burgoyne and
252:
106:
1057:
956:
Riedesel, Friederike Charlotte Luise; Riedesel, Friedrich Adolf (1801). von ReuĂź, Heinrich (ed.).
346:, King of Prussia, and by 1761, he was in command of two Brunswicker regiments as their Colonel.
343:
1098:
793:
248:
776:
302:
298:
192:
968:
Memoirs, and Letters and Journals of Major General Riedesel, during his Residence in America
1078:
1073:
615:" by some Americans, but were correctly identified as Brunswickers by their contemporaries.
440:
707:
505:. The Baron commanded troops on Long Island in Winter 1780-81. In 1781, Quebec governor
8:
506:
471:
357:
to recover. There he was cared for by the von Massow family and nursed by their daughter
331:
139:
850:
431:
General Riedesel was put in command of all German and American Indian forces during the
412:
with the newly promoted Major General Riedesel as their commander. After a stop over in
257:
985:
908:
The Hessians and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War
612:
566:
General Riedesel and Charlotte had the following children, some born in North America:
498:
486:
452:
439:. One example of Riedesel's disagreements with Burgoyne came after his victory at the
116:
297:
Bowing to his father's wishes, when 15 years old, he left for the study of law at the
971:
912:
891:
884:
860:
526:
525:
Riedesel retired in 1793, but was named Commandant of the city of Brunswick. He met
432:
327:
278:
168:
153:
149:
69:
1045:
390:
382:
339:
144:
533:, and in particular after General Schuyler." Riedesel died at Brunswick in 1800.
314:
and Friedrich was granted an allowance from his father to help meet his expenses.
761:
542:
13th century down to the present, family members have rarely used the predicate "
490:
172:
366:
906:
796:
The Adams Papers, Adams Family Correspondence, vol. 12, March 1797 – April 1798
38:
1067:
852:
The German Allied Troops in the North American War of Independence, 1776-1783
530:
482:
428:. They were then distributed for the winter through various posts in Canada.
736:
448:
85:
874:
Die Riedesel zu Eisenbach, FĂĽnfter Band, vom Reich zum Rheinbund 1713-1806
444:
417:
1015:
925:
187:
1006:
1089:
American Revolutionary War prisoners of war held by the United States
362:
290:
1024:
715:
551:
474:. Her harrowing account of her experiences in what is now known as
282:
579:
Friederike (1774-1854); married Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden
413:
916:
864:
421:
354:
350:
323:
301:. Riedesel was an indifferent student, but spent time watching
289:
barons, the second son of Johann Wilhelm Riedesel, Freiherr zu
286:
1094:
Brunswick military personnel of the American Revolutionary War
754:"Biographies of Crown Forces Generals Commanding Troop Units"
409:
241:
886:
Saratoga : Turning Point of America's Revolutionary War
798:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 337–343.
926:"General Friedrich Adolph Riedesel Freiherr zu Eisenbach"
751:
543:
585:
Amerika (1780-1856); married Count Ernst von Bernsdorff
777:"John Quincy Adams to Abigail Adams, 28 December 1797"
1029:
576:
Auguste (1771-1805); married Count Heinrich von Reuss
349:
In August 1762, he was wounded in battle against the
911:. Harper & Brothers, Franklin Square, New York.
611:
Riedesel's soldiers are mistakenly referred to as "
594:
Charlotte (1787-1848); married Wilhelm von Schöning
420:on 1 June. They supported the final expulsion from
334:. Friedrich was attached to the personal staff of
883:
1114:German military personnel of the Seven Years' War
591:Georg Karl (1785-1854); married Caroline Riedesel
481:Riedesel and his wife were captured when General
1065:
955:
871:
389:, while the British throne was occupied by the
372:
826:Private documents of the Riedesel zu Eisenbach
876:. Verlag Diner & Co. Neustadt a.d. Aisch.
529:in 1797, and "made many enquiries about the
515:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
322:Ensign Riedesel's first assignment was near
247:(3 June 1738 – 6 January 1800) was a senior
948:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
747:
745:
550:in 1680 which raised them to the status of
365:and settled in Brunswick's capital city of
272:
990:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
890:. Henry Holt and Company, Inc., New York.
470:is an important resource for knowledge of
403:4,000 foot soldiers and 350 heavy dragoons
31:
546:" in their name. The patent from Emperor
154:
923:
742:
1104:German expatriates in the United States
881:
872:Baron von Galéra, Karl Siegmar (1961).
848:
775:Adams, John Quincy (28 December 1797).
520:
173:
1066:
904:
844:. Wilhelm Gerstung, Offenbach am Main.
839:
472:the campaign and its key personalities
965:
774:
245:Friedrich Adolf Riedesel zu Eisenbach
220:
52:Friedrich Adolf Riedesel zu Eisenbach
658:
656:
654:
489:in 1777. He was imprisoned with the
859:. Joel Munsell's Sons, Albany, NY.
582:Caroline (1776-1861); never married
447:gathered to attack loyalists under
330:in 1756, for what would become the
317:
13:
942:"Riedesel, Friedrich Adolph"
781:Founders Online, National Archives
424:of the American forces during the
308:
14:
1165:
1025:The Marshall House, Schuylerville
1000:
752:Robertson, John K.; Hagist, Don.
739:Website accessed 14 December 2019
651:
338:and distinguished himself at the
1051:
1039:
718:. Website accessed 9 July 2010.
399:George III of the United Kingdom
361:. In December the couple wed at
832:
820:
811:
802:
768:
730:
618:
216:
721:
701:
692:
683:
674:
665:
642:
605:
408:On 18 March, they sailed from
1:
1139:People from Lauterbach, Hesse
1134:Military personnel from Hesse
966:Stone, William Leete (1868).
840:Becker, Eduard Edwin (1923).
631:
393:of the same family. In 1776,
1154:University of Marburg alumni
1084:18th-century German nobility
855:. Translated from German by
636:
373:American War of Independence
336:Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
267:American War of Independence
7:
1020:University of New Brunswick
924:Riedesel, Dr. Paul (2000).
882:Ketchum, Richard M (1997).
387:House of Brunswick-LĂĽneburg
10:
1170:
1011:Historical Marker Database
961:. Haude und Spener Berlin.
164:American Revolutionary War
905:Lowell, Edward J (1884).
849:Eelking, Max von (1893).
536:
495:Charlottesville, Virginia
230:
198:
186:
132:
122:
112:
101:
91:
75:
56:
48:
30:
23:
1149:People from WolfenbĂĽttel
1007:Friedrich Adolf Riedesel
737:Christmas Tree at Sorel.
598:
561:
273:Early life and education
25:Friedrich Adolf Riedesel
1144:People from Sorel-Tracy
1119:German prisoners of war
1016:The Loyalist Collection
970:. Vol. 1. Albany.
573:Philippine (1770-1771)
485:surrendered after the
1124:German war casualties
708:Baroness von Riedesel
405:for British service.
397:signed a treaty with
299:University of Marburg
277:Riedesel was born in
255:troops who commanded
193:University of Marburg
37:Riedesel in uniform,
521:Later life and death
443:, when rebels under
441:Battle of Hubbardton
205:Charlotte von Massow
127:Braunschweiger Jäger
570:Hermann (1767-1767)
507:Frederick Haldimand
464:Frederika Charlotte
379:American Revolution
353:, and sent back to
344:Frederick the Great
16:German army officer
588:Canada (1782-1783)
499:Albemarle Barracks
487:Battle of Saratoga
476:the Marshall House
426:invasion of Canada
416:, they arrived in
285:family of Hessian
253:Brunswick–Luneburg
117:Lieutenant General
107:Brunswick–Luneburg
1058:Holy Roman Empire
977:978-1-113-82146-1
857:J. G. Rosengarten
817:Von Galéra, 410ff
527:John Quincy Adams
462:Riedesel’s wife,
433:Saratoga campaign
328:Holy Roman Empire
238:
237:
169:Saratoga Campaign
150:Battle of Nauheim
1161:
1129:Hessian nobility
1109:German Lutherans
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1055:
1054:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1035:
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764:on 3 March 2016.
760:. Archived from
749:
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734:
728:
725:
719:
705:
699:
698:Eelking, 272-273
696:
690:
689:Eelking, 271-272
687:
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680:Ketchum, 235-237
678:
672:
669:
663:
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649:
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616:
609:
503:William Thompson
340:Battle of Minden
332:Seven Years' War
318:Seven Years' War
263:Northern theater
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145:Battle of Minden
140:Seven Years' War
82:
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491:Convention Army
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309:Military career
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79:January 6, 1800
68:
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5:
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92:Resting place
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946:
929:. Retrieved
907:
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841:
833:Bibliography
822:
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804:
795:
784:. Retrieved
780:
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762:the original
758:Revwar75.com
757:
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391:Hanover line
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367:WolfenbĂĽttel
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321:
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296:
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126:
81:(1800-01-06)
67:June 3, 1738
18:
1079:1800 deaths
1074:1738 births
959:geschrieben
671:Lowell, 118
453:Castle Town
445:Seth Warner
418:Quebec City
401:to provide
383:Bevern line
281:, into the
42: 1795
1068:Categories
808:Becker, 16
786:16 October
632:References
556:Freiherren
510:in 1781.
279:Lauterbach
188:Alma mater
102:Allegiance
96:Lauterbach
70:Lauterbach
63:1738-06-03
49:Birth name
1046:Biography
986:cite book
710:from the
637:Citations
548:Leopold I
377:When the
363:Paderborn
359:Charlotte
291:Eisenbach
199:Spouse(s)
86:Brunswick
917:02004604
865:72081186
716:Liberty!
662:Stone, 3
648:Stone, 2
613:Hessians
283:Riedesel
231:Children
123:Commands
105:Duke of
1032:Portals
1018:at the
1009:at the
951:. 1900.
931:21 July
714:series
497:at the
414:England
385:of the
303:Hessian
265:of the
261:in the
249:officer
225:
213:
209:
171: (
152: (
133:Battles
974:
915:
894:
863:
552:Barons
537:Styles
422:Canada
355:Minden
351:French
324:London
287:Uradel
258:jägers
219:
727:Stone
599:Notes
562:Issue
410:Stade
242:Baron
223:)
215:(
211:
992:link
972:ISBN
933:2024
913:LCCN
892:ISBN
861:LCCN
788:2020
437:Howe
240:The
221:1762
113:Rank
76:Died
57:Born
712:PBS
544:von
493:in
451:at
251:of
174:POW
155:WIA
1070::
988:}}
984:{{
945:.
779:.
756:.
744:^
653:^
269:.
217:m.
39:c.
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994:)
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554:(
234:9
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65:)
61:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
