301:) in 1763. He studied mining, mechanics, mineralogy and chemistry and after graduating he became a Markscheider (official mine surveyor) in 1768. In 1770 he joined the Hofcommission für die Regulierung der Banater Berg und Hüttenwerke (royal commission for mining in the Banat) where he gained a lot of knowledge on mining in the
323:
Müller became one of seven
Thesaurariats councillor in Transylvania responsible for the supervision of all mining and coinage activities in Transylvania in 1778. After the dissolution of the Thesaurariat Müller became Oberinspector (chief surveyor) of all mining, smelting and salt production in
364:. The following year, he reported that this was erroneous and that the ore contained mostly gold and an unknown metal very similar to antimony. After a thorough investigation which lasted for three years and consisted of more than fifty tests, Müller determined the
422:
In 1798 Müller became court counsellor and was appointed to the court in Vienna, where he was part of the imperial council. In 1818 Müller retired from his duties but held his position in the council until his death. He became Knight of the
395:
isolated the new element from a sample sent by Müller. After a thorough examination of the material he concluded that a new metal was present in the sample. He called it
748:
Diemann, Ekkehard; Müller, Achim; Barbu, Horia (2002). "Die spannende
Entdeckungsgeschichte des Tellurs (1782–1798) Bedeutung und Komplexität von Elemententdeckungen".
918:
493:
729:
von
Reichenstein, F.J.M. (1783). "Versuche mit dem in der Grube Mariahilf in dem Gebirge Fazeby bey Zalathna vorkommenden vermeinten gediegenen Spiesglanzkönig".
332:
Müller as the
Austrian chief surveyor of mines in Transylvania was responsible for the analysis of ore samples. He analyzed gold ore from Kleinschlatten (today
345:
376:, and the black precipitate which this solution gives when diluted with water. Nevertheless, he was not able to identify this metal and gave it the names
407:
In 1788 he was once more promoted and as
Gubernialrath he held a powerful position in the administration of Transylvania. Müller was knighted by
312:. Schwaz was one of the largest centres of silver and copper mining in Austria-Hungary in that time. In 1778 he discovered an occurrence of
416:
266:
70:
415:, in the same year. From that point on he carried the name Franz-Joseph Müller Edler von Reichenstein. He was elected as a member of the
903:
888:
913:
878:
873:
761:
844:
289:. After finishing his studies he started further studies at the Bergakademie (Mining Academy) in Schemnitz (Selmecbánya),
898:
305:. He was promoted to the rank of an Oberbergmeister (senior mining official) and became a mine manager in the same year.
372:-like odor of the white smoke which passed off when the new metal was heated, the red color which the metal imparts to
424:
514:
883:
498:
408:
219:
250:
340:). This ore was known as "Faczebajer weißes blättriges Golderz" (white leafy gold ore from Faczebaja) or
665:
908:
277:). A newer biography on the topic makes clear that date and place of birth are not definitely known.
893:
519:
392:
225:
689:
545:
573:
868:
863:
834:
294:
129:
792:
638:
603:
432:
258:
58:
8:
796:
683:
642:
607:
594:
Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements. VI. Tellurium and selenium".
840:
246:
182:
245:
do not give a place of birth and only the year 1740 for his birth. Even articles by
821:
800:
757:
646:
611:
365:
361:
194:
112:
463:). In Germany since 1919, it forms part of family names. The feminine forms are
825:
857:
804:
373:
290:
234:
502:(in German), vol. 22, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 702–703
262:
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in 1782. In his later career he became a member of the imperial council in
190:
178:
66:
523:(in German), vol. 18, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 372–373
360:. Müller concluded that the ore did not contain antimony, but that it was
388:, as it did not show the properties predicted for the expected antimony.
781:"Martin Heinrich Klaproth, ein deutscher Chemiker des 18. Jahrhunderts"
313:
650:
615:
762:
10.1002/1521-3781(200210)36:5<334::AID-CIUZ334>3.0.CO;2-1
396:
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253:
in 1932, and 1935 quote two different locations of his birth: one in
198:
175:
140:
780:
446:
428:
357:
298:
230:
206:
50:
715:
Müller, F.J. Über den vermeintlichen natürlichen
Spiessglaskönig.
217:
Müller was born in 1740 or 1742 in the
Habsburg Empire. While the
337:
274:
174:(1 July 1740 or 4 October 1742 – 12 October 1825 or 1826) was an
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78:
62:
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54:
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412:
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gives 1 July 1740 and Vienna as date and place of birth, the
186:
74:
181:
and mining engineer. Müller held several positions in the
629:
Weeks, Mary Elvira (1935). "The discovery of tellurium".
731:
Physikalische
Arbeiten der Einträchtigen Freunde in Wien
717:
Physikalische
Arbeiten der einträchtigen Freunde in Wien
427:
in 1818 and became a noble by receiving the title of a
308:
435:. Müller died in his 80s in 1825 or 1826 in Vienna.
832:
491:
431:in 1820. Both honours were granted by the Emperor
399:, but gave the credit of the discovery to Müller.
512:
919:Knights of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
855:
728:
681:
249:on the discovery of tellurium, published in the
197:. During his time in Transylvania he discovered
571:
168:Franz-Joseph Müller, Freiherr von Reichenstein
23:Franz-Joseph Müller, Freiherr von Reichenstein
229:prefers 4 October 1742 and the small town of
685:Statistik des österreichischen Kaiserstaates
470:
464:
444:
417:Berlin Society of Friends of Natural Science
666:"Müller von Reichenstein and the tellurium"
383:
377:
344:(antimonic gold pyrite), and, according to
185:administration of mines and coinage in the
212:
205:and was knighted and elevated to the rank
327:
812:Dittmer, Donald C. (2003). "Tellurium".
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589:
587:
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280:
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575:Oesterreichische National-Encyklopädie
550:(in German). 1827. pp. 1546–1548.
243:Oesterreichische National-Encyklopädie
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515:"Müller v. Reichenstein, Franz Josef"
494:Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph
663:
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172:Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein
105:12 October 1826 (age 85 or 86 or 84)
833:Weeks, Mary Elvira (January 2003).
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13:
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527:
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904:Austrian people of German descent
785:Zeitschrift für Angewandte Chemie
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451:is a former title (translated as
425:Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
411:to the lowest title of nobility,
285:He studied philosophy and law in
889:Discoverers of chemical elements
914:People from Mistelbach District
814:Chemical & Engineering News
709:
879:19th-century Austrian chemists
874:18th-century Austrian chemists
696:
688:(in German). F. Beck. p.
499:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
220:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
1:
631:Journal of Chemical Education
596:Journal of Chemical Education
478:
402:
368:of the mineral and noted the
251:Journal of Chemical Education
547:Neuer nekrolog der Deutschen
492:Wilhelm von Gümbel (1885), "
391:In 1798, the German chemist
267:Principality of Transylvania
239:Neuer Nekrolog der Deutschen
71:Principality of Transylvania
7:
10:
935:
899:Transylvanian Saxon people
513:Ferenc Szabadváry (1997),
443:Regarding personal names:
836:Discovery of the Elements
826:10.1021/cen-v081n036.p128
704:Abh. Privatges. v. Böhmen
682:Springer, Johann (1840).
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28:
21:
805:10.1002/ange.19210340102
520:Neue Deutsche Biographie
438:
393:Martin Heinrich Klaproth
342:antimonalischer Goldkies
226:Neue Deutsche Biographie
779:Meyer, Richard (1921).
572:Gräffer, Franz (1835).
237:. The much older works
213:Place and date of birth
884:Austrian mineralogists
750:Chemie in unserer Zeit
471:
465:
445:
385:metallum problematicum
384:
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328:Discovery of tellurium
356:), containing native
16:Austrian mineralogist
281:Education and career
259:Archduchy of Austria
157:mining and chemistry
59:Archduchy of Austria
797:1921AngCh..34....1M
737:(1.Quartal): 63–69.
719:1, 1 (1783), 57–59.
643:1935JChEd..12..403W
608:1932JChEd...9..474W
346:Anton von Rupprecht
97:12 October 1825 or
909:People from Sibiu
846:978-0-7661-3872-8
651:10.1021/ed012p403
616:10.1021/ed009p474
354:argent molybdique
247:Mary Elvira Weeks
183:Habsburg monarchy
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148:Scientific career
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366:specific gravity
295:Banská Štiavnica
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39:1 July 1740 or
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756:(5): 334–337.
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261:and the other
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263:Hermannstadt
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191:Transylvania
179:mineralogist
171:
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67:Hermannstadt
820:(36): 128.
858:Categories
791:(1): 1–3.
702:'v. Born,
637:(9): 403.
602:(3): 474.
479:References
409:Leopold II
403:Later life
314:tourmaline
101:1826-10-12
93:1825-10-12
43:1742-10-04
35:1740-07-01
397:tellurium
318:Zillertal
209:in 1820.
199:tellurium
141:tellurium
130:Schemnitz
466:Freifrau
447:Freiherr
429:Freiherr
358:antimony
299:Slovakia
231:Poysdorf
207:Freiherr
176:Austrian
51:Poysdorf
793:Bibcode
639:Bibcode
604:Bibcode
338:Romania
316:in the
293:(today
275:Romania
117:Austria
115:(today
79:Romania
73:(today
63:Austria
61:(today
843:
472:Freiin
370:radish
348:, was
334:Zlatna
310:Schwaz
287:Vienna
255:Vienna
203:Vienna
193:, and
154:Fields
109:Vienna
55:Vienna
669:(PDF)
457:Baron
439:Notes
413:Edler
303:Banat
271:Sibiu
195:Tyrol
187:Banat
75:Sibiu
65:) or
841:ISBN
735:1783
469:and
382:and
241:and
87:Died
29:Born
822:doi
801:doi
758:doi
690:180
647:doi
612:doi
496:",
233:in
170:or
53:or
860::
839:.
818:81
816:.
799:.
789:34
787:.
783:.
754:36
645:.
635:12
633:.
610:.
598:.
584:^
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517:,
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600:9
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91:(
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41:(
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33:(
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