313:
278:
458:, etc. The personnel in the stations were both U.S. citizens and foreign nationals who were responsible for the collection, translation, and dissemination of foreign open source material. Depending on location, and the availability of print media, these personnel may have been responsible for translation of more than one language. Because of the large number print/radio/TV/satellite sources worldwide FBIS did not collect all open source material, but only those sources that met the requirements of the
22:
66:
445:
FBIS had approximately 20 stations, commonly called bureaus, that were located around the world. These stations operated as an adjunct of a U.S. embassy/consulate or military command. Bureaus opened and closed at various times depending on the world situation and local circumstances. These stations
436:
announced its plans to create a digital edition entitled
Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) Daily Reports, 1941–1996. As of March 2017, this collection is available online via a paid subscription to Readex, as are Daily Report Annexes for 1974–1996.
859:
296:
At four different listening centers it recorded shortwave broadcasts on plastic disks. Selected material was transcribed and translated and then sent to War agencies with weekly reports. These special reports included special titles such as
360:." The FBIS kept track of a total of sixty black stations, which included a German-language station that pretended to represent an anti-Nazi army group, an anti-Nazi "Catholic" station, and an English-language station that attacked
767:
853:
496:
launched a successful campaign in 1997 to save FBIS from planned budget cuts. During its campaign, FBIS was described by academicians at the time as the "biggest bang for the buck in the
American intelligence community."
384:. Like many other wartime organizations, the service was threatened with disbandment. The possibility of its disbandment was roundly criticized in many different quarters, which helped ensure its survival. When President
418:, FBIS was tasked with monitoring for clandestine and encoded messages from all nations and coordinating broadcast media contact points who could instantly broadcast urgent messages on "All Channels" and "All Calls".
476:
Material provided by FBIS was disseminated to over 700 recipients in not only in the U.S. Intelligence
Community, but also a large number of government, diplomatic and military organizations.
479:
The material provided by FBIS, although it came from openly available, public radio and TV broadcasts, was not made freely available to the
American people, frequently due to copyright laws.
407:. Its original mission revolved around radio and press agency monitoring, built on what was already becoming an “almost mature, trained and disciplined” organization from the war experience.
465:
Besides the translations done overseas a large volume of less-time sensitive material was sent to FBIS headquarters in
Rosslyn and Reston where a more detailed translation could take place.
210:
446:
were not covert and operated with the consent of the host government. In addition, a few of the bureaus were located on territory belonging to or administered by the U.S. such as
305:
Monitored stations included official stations in many countries, and "black" stations that were not what they pretended to be. These black stations broadcast attacks on
President
425:
451:
953:
660:
787:
762:
Remarks by J. Niles Riddel D/Director FBIS at the 1st Int'l
Symposium "National Security & National Competitiveness: Open Source Solutions" 2 Dec 92
40:
31:
958:
233:, and it maintained approximately 20 monitoring stations worldwide. In November 2005, it was announced that FBIS would become the newly formed
847:
741:
700:
892:
468:
Not only were translations provided by in-house FBIS personnel, but approximately 700 independent contractors were also employed.
756:
214:
948:
459:
381:
309:
while pretending to be stations in the
American Midwest. This tactic was used to stir up racial tensions and other issues.
788:"Probing Galaxies of Data for Nuggets: FBIS Is Overhauled and Rolled Out to Mine the Web's Open-Source Information Lode"
722:
841:
827:
644:
600:
493:
421:
In 1967, the
Service's mission was expanded to cover foreign mass media transmitted by radio, television, and print.
254:
163:
393:
914:
522:
751:
404:
186:
399:
In 1946, the service was renamed the
Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS), and became a part of the
373:
875:
400:
169:
661:"Executive Order 9621—Termination of the Office of Strategic Services and Disposition of Its Functions"
389:
312:
923:
560:
746:
674:
206:
131:
356:; and broadcasts from Japan or Japanese-held territory, including news reports and commentary by "
245:
On 26 February 1941, President Roosevelt directed that $ 150,000 be allocated for creation of the
299:
Radio Tokyo's Racial Propaganda to the United States, Underground Movements and Morale in Japan,
329:
286:
884:
306:
65:
732:. December 11, 1967 – via jfk.hood.edu/ The Harold Wisberg Archive Digital Collection.
929:
Inventory of the United States Foreign Broadcast Intelligence Service Miscellaneous Records
411:
928:
8:
622:
889:
525:
353:
345:
234:
118:
663:. September 20, 1945 – via presidency.ucsb.edu/ The American Presidency Project.
624:
Defining Second Generation Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) for the Defense Enterprise
337:
277:
837:
823:
640:
596:
505:
455:
447:
361:
222:
36:
932:
924:
National Archives - Records of the Foreign Broadcast Intelligence Service (1939-47)
632:
628:
396:
by presidential directive on January 22, 1946, the FBIS became part of that group.
349:
333:
266:
226:
149:
918:
896:
879:
385:
325:
258:
675:"71. Presidential Directive on Coordination of Foreign Intelligence Activities"
537:
237:, tasked with the collection and analysis of publicly available intelligence.
942:
261:
propaganda radio programs that were being beamed at the United States by the
218:
848:"Sailing the Sea of OSINT (Open-Source Intelligence) in the Information Age"
415:
377:
344:, and others; broadcasts over German radio by American citizens, including
341:
321:
289:
in December 1941, the system gained importance and changed its name to the
257:. The mandate of the FBMS was to record, translate, transcribe and analyze
508:
worked for FBIS from 1952 to 1981 and sold classified documents to China.
262:
906:
761:
701:"Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) Daily Reports, 1941-1996"
357:
911:
844:. About basic concepts and issues involved in government intelligence.
850:
by Stephen C. Mercado. Studies in Intelligence vol. 48, no. 3, 2004.
320:
Multiple speeches and recording were monitored including speeches by
217:
openly available news and information from media sources outside the
856:
by Stephen C. Mercado. Studies in Intelligence, vol. 49, no. 2, 2005
757:
Australian Government Inquiry into Australian Intelligence Agencies
636:
230:
211:
Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science and Technology
854:"Reexamining the Distinction Between Open Information and Secrets"
265:. Its first monitoring station was established in October 1941 in
860:"The Scope of FBIS and BBC Open Source Media Coverage, 1979–2008"
768:"Foreign Broadcast Information Service History Part I: 1941–1947"
723:"U.S. Radio-Monitoring Station In Puerto Rico Linked to C.I.A."
433:
872:
862:
by Kalev Leetaru. Studies in Intelligence, Vol. 54, no.1, 2010
595:( ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 400.
901:
281:
FBIS staff listening to foreign broadcasts in January 1945
770:
by Joseph E. Roob. Written in 1969, declassified in 2009.
272:
935:
at the Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University.
367:
213:. It monitored, translated, and disseminated within the
424:
907:
DD/FBIS Speech at 1992 Open Source Solutions Symposium
830:. About the CIA Directorate of Science and Technology.
747:
PBS Frontline on four Chinese espionage investigations
681:
809:
About the structure of the US intelligence community.
781:
565:
Records of the Foreign Broadcast Intelligence Service
677:. U.S. State Department Historian. January 22, 1946.
403:(CIA) as that organization was formed following the
902:Federation of American Scientists webpage on FBIS
833:Shulsky, Abram N. and Gary James Schmitt (1991),
32:United States Joint Publications Research Service
940:
621:Williams, Heather J.; Blum, Ilana (2018-05-17).
293:partly to make it sound more like a war agency.
816:About the role of intelligence in policymaking.
487:
55:CIA foreign news monitoring service (1941–2005)
593:A History of Broadcasting in the United States
500:
954:Open-source intelligence in the United States
620:
890:Readex online edition of FBIS Daily Report
555:
553:
303:New Nazi Portrait of the American Soldier.
64:
752:Australian Office of National Assessments
586:
584:
582:
580:
812:Lowenthal, Mark M. (8th edition, 2020),
511:
423:
311:
276:
959:Government agencies established in 1941
807:The CIA and the US Intelligence System.
785:
775:
590:
550:
941:
616:
614:
612:
577:
316:FBIS radio recording equipment in 1945
291:Foreign Broadcast Intelligence Service
273:Foreign Broadcast Intelligence Service
814:Intelligence: From Secrets to Policy.
380:, the service was transferred to the
368:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
199:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
59:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
912:An essay on Open Source Intelligence
766:
687:
247:Foreign Broadcast Monitoring Service
15:
609:
13:
799:
14:
970:
866:
494:Federation of American Scientists
255:Federal Communications Commission
164:Federal Communications Commission
933:selected sound recordings online
786:Glasser, Susan B. (2005-11-25).
394:Director of Central Intelligence
20:
805:Breckinridge, Scott D. (1986),
523:Office of National Intelligence
819:Richelson, Jeffrey T. (2002),
715:
693:
667:
653:
482:
1:
543:
405:National Security Act of 1947
253:) under the authority of the
187:National Security Act of 1947
516:
488:Saving FBIS from budget cuts
471:
372:With the termination of the
117:Central Intelligence Agency
7:
949:Central Intelligence Agency
501:The Larry Chin spy incident
440:
428:Logo of FBIS in the 2000's.
401:Central Intelligence Agency
170:Central Intelligence Agency
84:February 26, 1941
46:Proposed since August 2024.
29:It has been suggested that
10:
975:
531:
390:Central Intelligence Group
240:
221:. Its headquarters was in
392:under the direction of a
179:
156:
145:
137:
127:
110:
95:
80:
75:
63:
452:Bahia Sucia, Puerto Rico
207:open source intelligence
132:United States Government
742:Fighting a War of Words
285:The year following the
821:The Wizards of Langley
591:Barnouw, Erik (1968).
460:Intelligence Community
429:
382:Department of the Army
330:Joachim von Ribbentrop
317:
287:attack on Pearl Harbor
282:
885:World News Connection
512:Similar organizations
427:
376:following the end of
315:
307:Franklin D. Roosevelt
280:
776:Specified references
412:Cuban Missile Crisis
70:FBIS logo circa 1970
39:into this article. (
792:The Washington Post
690:, pp. 298–304.
410:In response to the
111:Superseding service
60:
917:2005-04-14 at the
895:2012-02-06 at the
878:2010-05-27 at the
730:The New York Times
561:"National Archive"
526:Open Source Centre
430:
354:Edward Leo Delaney
346:Fred W. Kaltenbach
318:
283:
235:Open Source Center
119:Open Source Center
99:November 2005
58:
506:Larry Wu-tai Chin
456:Panama Canal Zone
448:Key West, Florida
362:Winston Churchill
209:component of the
195:
194:
53:
52:
48:
966:
795:
784:
771:
734:
733:
727:
719:
713:
712:
710:
708:
697:
691:
685:
679:
678:
671:
665:
664:
657:
651:
650:
629:RAND Corporation
618:
607:
606:
588:
575:
574:
572:
571:
557:
350:Douglas Chandler
334:Benito Mussolini
267:Portland, Oregon
150:Reston, Virginia
106:
104:
91:
89:
76:Service overview
68:
61:
57:
44:
24:
23:
16:
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
965:
964:
963:
939:
938:
919:Wayback Machine
897:Wayback Machine
880:Wayback Machine
869:
802:
800:Further reading
794:. pp. A35.
778:
738:
737:
725:
721:
720:
716:
706:
704:
703:. 19 April 2012
699:
698:
694:
686:
682:
673:
672:
668:
659:
658:
654:
647:
619:
610:
603:
589:
578:
569:
567:
559:
558:
551:
546:
534:
519:
514:
503:
490:
485:
474:
443:
386:Harry S. Truman
370:
338:Philippe PĂ©tain
326:Joseph Goebbels
275:
243:
215:U.S. government
191:
175:
123:
102:
100:
87:
85:
71:
56:
49:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
972:
962:
961:
956:
951:
937:
936:
926:
921:
909:
904:
899:
887:
882:
868:
867:External links
865:
864:
863:
857:
851:
845:
835:Silent Warfare
831:
817:
810:
801:
798:
797:
796:
777:
774:
773:
772:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
736:
735:
714:
692:
680:
666:
652:
645:
637:10.7249/rr1964
608:
601:
576:
548:
547:
545:
542:
541:
540:
538:BBC Monitoring
533:
530:
529:
528:
518:
515:
513:
510:
502:
499:
489:
486:
484:
481:
473:
470:
442:
439:
369:
366:
274:
271:
242:
239:
193:
192:
190:
189:
183:
181:
177:
176:
174:
173:
167:
160:
158:
157:Parent service
154:
153:
147:
143:
142:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
122:
121:
114:
112:
108:
107:
97:
93:
92:
82:
78:
77:
73:
72:
69:
54:
51:
50:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
971:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
944:
934:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
916:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
894:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
877:
874:
873:FBIS homepage
871:
870:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
842:1-57488-345-3
839:
836:
832:
829:
828:0-81334-059-4
825:
822:
818:
815:
811:
808:
804:
803:
793:
789:
783:
780:
779:
769:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
731:
724:
718:
702:
696:
689:
684:
676:
670:
662:
656:
648:
646:9780833098832
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:
617:
615:
613:
604:
602:0-19-500475-2
598:
594:
587:
585:
583:
581:
566:
562:
556:
554:
549:
539:
536:
535:
527:
524:
521:
520:
509:
507:
498:
495:
480:
477:
469:
466:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
438:
435:
426:
422:
419:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
314:
310:
308:
304:
300:
294:
292:
288:
279:
270:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:United States
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
188:
185:
184:
182:
178:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
159:
155:
151:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:
130:
126:
120:
116:
115:
113:
109:
98:
94:
83:
79:
74:
67:
62:
47:
42:
38:
34:
33:
27:
18:
17:
834:
820:
813:
806:
791:
782:
729:
717:
705:. Retrieved
695:
683:
669:
655:
623:
592:
568:. Retrieved
564:
504:
491:
478:
475:
467:
464:
444:
431:
420:
416:START Treaty
409:
398:
388:created the
378:World War II
371:
342:Pierre Laval
322:Adolf Hitler
319:
302:
298:
295:
290:
284:
250:
246:
244:
202:
198:
196:
180:Key document
166:(until 1945)
146:Headquarters
128:Jurisdiction
45:
30:
483:In the news
263:Axis powers
172:(from 1946)
943:Categories
570:2011-04-28
544:References
358:Tokyo Rose
88:1941-02-26
688:Roob 1969
517:Australia
472:Customers
432:In 2007,
259:shortwave
205:) was an
96:Dissolved
915:Archived
893:Archived
876:Archived
707:29 March
441:Services
231:Virginia
225:, later
532:Britain
241:History
223:Rosslyn
141:Defunct
103:2005-11
101: (
86: (
41:Discuss
840:
826:
643:
599:
454:, the
434:Readex
352:, and
227:Reston
138:Status
81:Formed
37:merged
726:(PDF)
931:and
838:ISBN
824:ISBN
709:2017
641:ISBN
597:ISBN
492:The
414:and
301:and
251:FBMS
203:FBIS
197:The
152:, US
633:doi
374:OSS
35:be
945::
790:.
728:.
639:.
631:.
627:.
611:^
579:^
563:.
552:^
462:.
450:,
364:.
348:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
269:.
229:,
711:.
649:.
635::
605:.
573:.
249:(
201:(
105:)
90:)
43:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
