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214:). Recent research suggests that the origin of the folia framework lies in the application of a specific compositional and improvisational method to simple melodies in minor mode. Thus, the essence of the "early Folia" was not a specific theme or a fixed sequence of chords but rather a compositional-improvisational process which could generate these sequences of chords. The "later Folia" is a standard
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folk music. It is said that around half of the old
Swedish tunes are based on La Folia. It is possible to recognize a common structure in many Swedish folk tunes, and it is similar to the Folia structure. Old folk tunes (19th century or older) which do not have this structure often come from parts of
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in triple meter, as its initial theme. This theme generally appears at the start and end of a given "folia" composition, serving as "bookends" for a set of variations within which both the melodic line and even the meter may vary. In turn, written sets of variations on the "later Folia" may contain
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was the first composer to formalize the standard chord progression and melodic line. Other sources note that the chord progression eventually associated with the "later Folia" appeared in musical sources almost a century before the first documented use of the "Folia" name. The progression emerged
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456:, first played in 1692, included a tune with resemblances to the Francesco Geminiani/Arcangelo Corelli: Concerto Grosso n 12; the 12 Corelli concerts were published in 1714, although a 1681 reference exists from
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Over the course of three centuries, more than 150 composers have used it in their works. The first publications of this theme date from the middle of the 16th century, but it is probably much older. Plays of the
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I decided to use a piece of historical material as the basis for this, which is the
Spanish 16th century tune "La Folia" which I subjected to the same kinds of transformations Orlando undergoes
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between the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century in vocal repertory found in both
Italian ("Canzoniere di Montecassino", "Canzoniere di Perugia" and in the
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Due to its musical form, style and etymology of the name, it has been suggested that the melody arose as a dance in the mid or late fifteenth century throughout the
1005:
El Nuevo Mundo - Folias
Criollas, Tembembe Ensamble Continuo, La Capella Reial de Catalunya, Hespèrion XXI, dir. Jordi Savall - Alia Vox AVSA9876
504:
884:"(...) vt ostenditur in vulgaribus, quas Lusitani, Follias, vocant, ad hoc metri genus et ad hunc canendi modum institutis, qualis est illa."
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features both "early Folia", which can take different shapes, and the better-known "later Folia" (also known as "Follia" with double l in
369:, mention the folia as a dance performed by shepherds or peasants. The possible Portuguese origin was attributed by the 1577 treatise
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832:"The earliest instrumental couplet with the standard form is the one that starts Lully's arrangement of 1670 for Louis XIV's ..."
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A selection from
Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, the 2nd movement, illustrating a use of La Folia starting at bar 166 of the movement
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in his
Concerto Grosso No. 12 (which was, in fact, part of a collection of direct transcriptions of Corelli's violin sonatas),
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resembles the rhythmic paradigm of la folia intentionally. The chord progression is also used in the
Britney Spears song, "
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227:(a practice which might be compared in structural concept, if very different in musical material, to the performance in
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is built upon the later La Follia progression, and is specifically referenced in the fifth track from their 2014 work
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about having heard the compositions of this "Italian Violin
Orpheus" "with extreme pleasure and full of admiration".
377:. However, one of the oldest folías is that of "Rodrigo Martínez", by an anonymous author, already registered in the
362:
218:(i-V-i-VII / III-VII--V / i-V-i-VII / III-VII--V-i) and usually features a standard or "stock" melody line, a slow
536:
446:'s 26 Variations on La Folia, for orchestra, written towards the end of his career, is one of his finest works.
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sections consisting of more freely structured music, even in the semblance of partial or pure
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of 1742 are considered to highlight this "later" folia repeating theme in a brilliant way.
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820:. Music--scholarship and performance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 239.
8:
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759:"Folía": El origen de los esquemas armónicos entre tradición oral y transmisión escrita
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Dance and instrumental diferencias in Spain during the 17th and early 18th centuries
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and other standard chord progressions that became common in the twentieth century.)
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John A. Rice, "La folia in Late
Eighteenth- and Early Nineteenth-Century Vienna"
381:(1470-1500) in Spain, which includes numerous songs and themes from the time of
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A list of musical scores based on the Folia from the
Petrucci Music Library
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La Folia once again regained composers' interest during the 1930s with
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in the Sarabande of his Keyboard Suite in D minor HWV 437 of 1727, and
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Altre Follie (1500–1750), Hespèrion XXI, Jordi Savall - Alia Vox 9844
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Sweden with little influences from upper classes or other countries. "
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composed a set of 12 variations for keyboard on the tune (H.263).
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Possible origins of the Folía of the Canary Islands (in Spanish)
971: ... The DNA of "La Folia" travels across time in the
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Dance rhythms of the French Baroque: a handbook for performance
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71:, on record. The theme exists in two versions, referred to as
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798:"One of the earliest known instrumental settings was Lully's
736:. Vol. 1. Stuyvesant, NY: Pendragon Press. p. 572.
188:
579:" is set to the tune, as is "Välment sorgesyn", no. 5b from
1688:
995:
La Folia (1490–1701) - Jordi Savall et al. - Alia Vox 9805
685:
Hudson, Richard (January–June 1973). "The Folia Melodies".
945:"Max Richter on How Music Helps Him Understand the World"
990:
93:", a harmonic-metric scheme consisting of two eight-bar
491:. Alfredo Casella used the theme as the basis for his
59:(Portuguese), is one of the oldest remembered European
864:
The Harvard concise dictionary of music and musicians
1874:
Compositions with a spurious or doubtful attribution
786:. Vouvry, Switzerland: Amoris Imprint. p. 263.
278:
The framework of the "Later Folia", in the key of G
180:The epithet "Folia" has several meanings in music.
1850:
487:quoted it briefly in the second movement of his
243:repertoire) and Spanish sources (mainly in the "
761:. DeMusica 17. Kassel: Edition Reichenberger.
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97:, was first used in approximately 1670. The
612:chant "Laudate Dominum". The main theme of
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626:", 2000. The Folia is used extensively in
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463:In the 19th century, the Act I ballet of
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477:included a version of the Folia in his
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730:Simpson, Christopher (1665) cited in
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570:The Folia melody has also influenced
1534:Benidorm International Song Festival
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633:Three Worlds: Music from Woolf Works
285:The basic 16-bar chord progression:
1549:Festival Internacional de Santander
13:
1055:
926:"Tune: LAUDATE DOMINUM (Berthier)"
525:
14:
1885:
984:
784:Cathy Berberian and music's muses
335:Gm (i) D (V)
63:, or primary material, generally
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561:Problems playing this file? See
543:
505:Variations on a theme by Corelli
365:in Portugal, including works by
247:" and, some years later, in the
1467:Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias
936:
1869:Anonymous musical compositions
991:La Folia - A Musical Cathedral
893:
877:
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598:by the electronic music group
1:
943:Solís, Jose (18 April 2017).
757:Fiorentino, Giuseppe (2013).
666:
514:Variations on "Spanish Folia"
245:Cancionero Musical de Palacio
862:Randel, Don Michael (1999).
254:
234:Several sources report that
82:, the earlier being faster.
7:
843:Harvard Dictionary of Music
816:Mather, Betty Bang (1987).
639:
493:Variations sur une Chaconne
16:Type of musical composition
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802:, written in 1672 for the
605:Josephine The Mouse Singer
553:Without variations (290KB)
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41:(English), also known as
782:Paull, Jennifer (2007).
191:, "Folies d'Espagne" in
1539:Eurovision Song Contest
732:Esses, Maurice (1992).
624:Oops!... I Did It Again
473:is based on the Folia,
345:Historical significance
25:Folium (disambiguation)
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426:George Frideric Handel
371:De musica libri septem
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21:Folia (disambiguation)
592:The final section of
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430:Johann Sebastian Bach
383:the Catholic Monarchs
379:Cancionero de Palacio
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263:Later folia variant.
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1477:Navarre and La Rioja
841:Apel, Willi (1969).
619:Conquest of Paradise
581:Carl Michael Bellman
485:Ludwig van Beethoven
410:Alessandro Scarlatti
375:Francisco de Salinas
140:Early folia variant
19:For other uses, see
1563:Musical instruments
480:Rhapsodie Espagnole
422:Francesco Geminiani
389:Jean-Baptiste Lully
363:renaissance theatre
236:Jean-Baptiste Lully
175:Kingdom of Valencia
1859:Chord progressions
1498:Spanish folk music
1363:Soleá por Bulerías
1273:Cantes a palo seco
804:Bande des Hautbois
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510:Manuel María Ponce
500:Sergei Rachmaninov
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1599:Cross-strung harp
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872:978-0-674-00084-1
851:978-0-674-37501-7
687:Acta Musicologica
656:Passamezzo antico
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435:Peasants' Cantata
402:Arcangelo Corelli
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1080:Catalan rumba
1078:
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793:9781847538895
789:
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768:9783937734996
764:
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727:
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693:(1): 98–119.
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595:Force Majeure
590:
588:
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577:Sinclairvisan
573:
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448:Henry Purcell
445:
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440:C. P. E. Bach
437:
436:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:Opus 1 No. 12
415:
411:
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391:, along with
390:
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251:repertoire).
250:
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225:improvisation
221:
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100:
99:key signature
96:
92:
89:"The 'later'
87:
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62:
58:
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52:
51:
46:
45:
40:
39:
34:
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26:
22:
1554:OTI Festival
1518:Spanish rock
1503:Spanish jazz
1293:Cartageneras
1211:Género chico
1138:New flamenco
1114:
972:
969:in the novel
966:
959:. Retrieved
955:the original
948:
938:
929:
920:
908:. Retrieved
904:
895:
886:(Chapter 6,
883:
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837:
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733:
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686:
631:
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584:
572:Scandinavian
569:
560:
537:
517:
513:
508:in 1931 and
503:
497:
492:
478:
464:
462:
458:Georg Muffat
451:
433:
406:Marin Marais
395:
387:
370:
359:
284:
277:
233:
182:
179:
165:, either in
160:
120:Early folia
90:
78:
76:
72:
55:
54:
49:
48:
43:
42:
37:
36:
31:
30:
29:
1462:Extremadura
1268:Cante jondo
1193:Tono humano
1163:Rock urbano
1158:Rock català
930:Hymnary.org
628:Max Richter
475:Franz Liszt
367:Gil Vicente
200: [
69:composition
1864:Variations
1853:Categories
1727:Cabreiresa
1674:Txalaparta
1649:Psalterium
1639:Kirikoketa
1353:Siguiriyas
1328:Martinetes
1323:Malagueñas
1202:Xiringüelu
1198:Villancico
1168:Seguidilla
1143:Nova Cançó
950:PopMatters
827:0253316065
743:0945193084
667:References
646:Bergamesca
563:media help
469:(1813) by
47:(French),
1823:Chirigota
1778:Classical
1747:Sanabresa
1737:Odrecillo
1584:Castanets
1579:Bandurria
1457:Catalonia
1427:Andalusia
1388:Verdiales
1333:Peteneras
1188:Tonadilla
1178:Tajaraste
1173:Sevillana
1153:Pasodoble
1148:Pasacalle
1085:Chirigota
905:folias.nl
866:, p.236.
845:, p.323.
707:0001-6241
661:Romanesca
420:of 1705,
412:in 1710,
408:in 1701,
404:in 1700,
400:in 1672,
393:Philidor
255:Structure
249:ensaladas
220:sarabande
50:La Follia
1833:Rondalla
1828:Comparsa
1818:Charanga
1783:Flamenco
1732:Galician
1717:Asturian
1699:Zambomba
1634:Guitarro
1604:Dulzaina
1594:Chácaras
1482:Valencia
1373:Tarantas
1318:Guajiras
1313:Granaína
1308:Garrotín
1283:Cantiñas
1258:Bulerías
1243:Alegrías
1228:Flamenco
1206:Zarzuela
1133:Muiñeira
1110:Fandango
1105:Ensalada
910:13 April
888:page 308
640:See also
614:Vangelis
538:La Folia
512:and his
329:Bb (III)
303:Bb (III)
241:frottola
183:Western
167:Portugal
32:La Folía
1793:Morisca
1773:Baroque
1757:Xeremia
1742:de saco
1722:de boto
1684:Vihuela
1669:Trikiti
1659:Tambori
1614:Flabiol
1609:Fiscorn
1378:Tientos
1298:Farruca
1253:Bambera
1248:Alboreá
1100:Endecha
973:Orlando
651:Moresca
502:in his
432:in his
416:in his
338:Gm (i)
332:F (VII)
326:F (VII)
306:F (VII)
300:F (VII)
212:England
197:Faronel
195:, and "
157:History
95:phrases
67:, of a
65:melodic
38:Follies
1788:Latina
1766:Guitar
1694:Xirula
1679:Txistu
1664:Timple
1644:Palmas
1624:Gralla
1574:Alboka
1472:Murcia
1432:Aragon
1393:Zambra
1218:Romani
1183:Tiento
1123:Jácara
1075:Bolero
1064:Styles
961:4 July
870:
849:
824:
790:
765:
740:
715:932224
713:
705:
483:, and
450:, in:
396:l'aîné
323:Gm (i)
317:Gm (i)
312:D (V)
309:Gm (i)
297:Gm (i)
291:Gm (i)
208:Ground
193:France
79:folias
1813:Cobla
1709:Gaita
1654:Rabel
1383:Tonás
1368:Tango
1358:Soleá
1348:Saeta
1343:Rumba
1263:Cante
1233:palos
1115:Folia
1095:Cuplé
1090:Copla
975:music
711:JSTOR
610:Taizé
320:D (V)
294:D (V)
280:minor
210:" in
204:]
189:Italy
91:folia
77:late
73:early
56:Folia
1838:Tuna
1689:Viol
1338:Polo
1128:Jota
963:2017
912:2018
868:ISBN
847:ISBN
822:ISBN
788:ISBN
763:ISBN
738:ISBN
703:ISSN
516:and
269:Play
146:Play
126:Play
107:Play
75:and
23:and
1119:Isa
695:doi
583:'s
373:by
206:'s
1855::
965:.
947:.
928:.
903:.
890:).
806:."
723:^
709:.
701:.
691:45
689:.
675:^
636:.
616:'
589:.
520:.
495:.
385:.
202:fr
177:.
1235:)
1231:(
1049:e
1042:t
1035:v
932:.
914:.
874:.
853:.
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796:.
771:.
746:.
717:.
697::
565:.
152:.
132:.
27:.
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