2603:
2592:
1195:
Korochantseva, Ekaterina; Trieloff, Mario; Lorenz, Cyrill; Buykin, Alexey; Ivanova, Marina; Schwarz, Winfried; Hopp, Jens; Jessberger, Elmar (2007). "L-chondrite asteroid breakup tied to
Ordovician meteorite shower by multiple isochron 40 Ar- 39 Ar dating".
1310:
1279:
It has been suggested that the Middle
Ordovician meteorite bombardment played a crucial role in the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, but this study shows that the two phenomena were unrelated
1607:
Magnetostratigraphic
Constraints on the Position of the Tremadocian–Floian Boundary at the Key Section of the Moyero River Valley (Siberian Platform) [In book: Problems of Geocosmos–2020]
1150:
1714:"Reptamsassia n. gen. (Amsassiaceae n. fam.; calcareous algae) from the Lower Ordovician (Floian) of western Newfoundland, and the earliest symbiotic intergrowth of modular species"
1915:
1100:
1862:
Daniel B. Blake, Forest J. Gahn, Thomas E. Guensburg (2019). "An Early
Ordovician (Floian) asterozoan (Echinodermata) of problematic class-level affinities".
1528:
1416:
1972:
1055:
913:
909:
1889:
1788:
1743:
1698:
1651:
1510:
1342:"The base of the Middle Ordovician in China with special reference to the succession at Hengtang near Jiangshan, Zhejiang Province, southern China"
998:
823:
1435:"The GSSP of the Second (Upper) Stage of the Lower Ordovician Series: Diabasbrottet at Hunneberg, Province of Västergötland, Southwestern Sweden"
1311:"The GSSP of the Second (Upper) Stage of the Lower Ordovician Series: Diabasbrottet at Hunneberg, Province of Västergötland, Southwestern Sweden"
921:
1083:
1049:
974:
1908:"GSSP for base of the Floian Stage in the Diabasbrottet section, Mt Hunneberg, Sweden, with stratigraphic ranges of graptolites and conodonts"
1036:
861:) which is an outcrop of a shale-dominated stratigraphic succession. The lower boundary of the Floian is defined as the first appearance of
1107:
1095:
1010:
1931:
1583:
1965:
1496:
1449:
1089:
795:
545:
495:
1907:
1364:
1664:
1627:
1958:
1943:
2631:
1524:
1412:
704:
1759:"Floian (Early Ordovician) conodont-based biostratigraphy and biogeography of the Australasian Superprovince"
1472:
833:
630:
1981:
1665:
N. V. Sennikov, O. T. Obut, E. V. Lykova, A. V. Timokhin, R. A. Khabibulina, T. A. Shcherbanenko (2021).
534:
1603:
810:. The name "Floan" was proposed in 2004, but the ICS adapted Floian as the official name of the stage.
2626:
863:
782:
605:
678:
2254:
2249:
478:
1667:"Event Stratigraphy and Correlation Problems of the Ordovician strata of Gorny Altai and Salair"
772:. The Floian extended from 477.7 to 470 million years ago. The lower boundary is defined as the
941:
773:
597:
1802:
Jörg Maletz (2022). "Roland
Skoglund's late Floian graptolites from Dalarna, central Sweden".
1233:"Refined Ordovician timescale reveals no link between asteroid breakup and biodiversification"
1231:
Lindskog, A.; Costa, M. M.; Rasmussen, C.M.Ø.; Connelly, J. N.; Eriksson, M. E. (2017-01-24).
1923:
1883:
1782:
1737:
1692:
1578:
1504:
1116:
965:
933:
1573:
1291:
1209:
1205:
827:
616:
579:
8:
2585:
1474:
1434:
1645:
1265:
1232:
1217:
1172:
1145:
803:
799:
620:
1473:
Stig M. Bergström, Stanley Finney, Chen Xu, Daniel
Goldman, Stephen A. Leslie (2006).
1341:
2383:
2347:
1830:
1758:
1713:
1666:
1633:
1623:
1605:
1543:
1360:
1270:
1252:
1177:
917:
769:
345:
304:
1861:
2477:
2352:
2321:
2118:
1871:
1842:
1811:
1770:
1725:
1678:
1615:
1555:
1488:
1356:
1260:
1244:
1213:
1167:
1159:
761:
753:
337:
287:
1815:
1072:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2446:
2342:
2280:
2175:
2144:
2113:
1831:"Floian, Early Ordovician trilobites from the Olongbluk Terrane, northwest China"
1774:
1611:
987:
intergrowth of modular species. This allows to judge the level of development of
932:
The global
Billingen Transgressive Event occurred in the Early Floian age. Black
323:
30:
2602:
1604:
V. E. Pavlov, Andrei Dronov, Alexander
Larionov, Tatiana Yu. Tolmacheva (2022).
1391:
2596:
2415:
2285:
2180:
2149:
937:
1950:
1756:
1683:
1619:
1492:
2620:
2316:
2306:
2275:
2238:
2170:
2139:
1939:
1637:
1256:
949:
867:
which is about 2.1 above the
Cambrian strata. Radiometric dating has set the
848:
835:
719:
706:
690:
645:
632:
569:
61:
1559:
2607:
2538:
2388:
2311:
1847:
1274:
1181:
1163:
905:
1711:
2533:
2402:
2378:
2223:
2018:
1729:
1060:
1031:
884:
868:
757:
381:
354:
36:
1875:
1248:
2528:
2488:
2431:
2331:
2228:
2102:
2002:
1078:
1044:
1015:
1004:
777:
750:
601:
453:
417:
408:
243:
81:
46:
2591:
1075:, these graptolites inhabited primarily in shallow water environment.
2543:
2493:
2467:
2426:
2373:
2218:
2194:
2075:
2065:
2054:
1112:
1027:
984:
945:
875:
765:
372:
279:
207:
86:
1040:
are known from the Floian deposits of
Baltoscandia and South China.
2503:
2498:
2462:
2362:
2295:
2264:
2159:
2128:
2089:
2039:
2013:
1989:
1340:
Chen, Xu; Bergström, Stig; Zhang, Yuan-Dong; Fan, Jun-Xuan (2009).
994:
879:
674:
390:
271:
233:
76:
71:
56:
51:
41:
2517:
2457:
2207:
2044:
2028:
1479:
1432:
1194:
1064:
694:
91:
66:
2553:
2436:
2070:
1068:
969:
953:
807:
624:
456:
399:
1230:
1309:
Bergström, M.; Löfgren, Anita; Maletz, Jörg (December 2004).
1120:
1023:
1019:
893:
889:
698:
1541:
1392:"Latest version of international chronostratigraphic chart"
988:
819:
1124:
1115:
of problematic classification, is known from the Floian
1757:
Yong Yi Zhen, Ian G. Percival, Yuan-Dong Zhang (2014).
1433:
Bergström, Stig M.; Anita Löfgren; Jörg Maletz (2004).
1828:
1544:"On the lower boundary of the Floian Stage in Estonia"
1308:
1339:
1143:
1712:Dong-Jin Lee, Robert Elias, Brian R. Pratt (2022).
107:
1386:
1384:
1059:were collected from the upper Floian sediments of
874:The upper boundary which is also the base of the
16:Second and last age of the Early Ordovician epoch
2618:
1428:
1426:
878:stage is defined as the first appearance of the
1980:
1381:
798:(ICS) in 2002. The Floian Stage is named after
494:Subdivision of the Ordovician according to the
1966:
1466:
1423:
1146:"The microfossil record of early land plants"
1071:. Presented mostly by juveniles and isolated
871:-Floian boundary at 477.7 million years ago.
1942:. Subcommission on Ordovician Stratigraphy.
1888:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1787:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1742:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1697:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1658:
1650:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1535:
1509:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1801:
1298:. International Commission on Stratigraphy.
794:The base of this stage was ratified by the
501:Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.
1973:
1959:
1795:
1394:. International Commission on Stratigraphy
888:at the GSSP in the Huanghuachang Section,
1855:
1846:
1682:
1475:"Three new Ordovician global stage names"
1264:
1171:
1750:
796:International Commission on Stratigraphy
1822:
1705:
956:, possibly correlates with this event.
2619:
1034:during the Floian age. Two species of
491:
1954:
1099:were found in the Floian part of the
1043:Several thousand chemically isolated
904:Partial analogues of Floian stage in
789:
1542:Helje Pärnaste, Viive Viira (2012).
991:ecosystems of the Early Ordovician.
466:
440:
2572:= kiloannum (thousands years ago);
1198:Meteoritics & Planetary Science
964:Discovered in the Floian strata of
13:
2576:= megaannum (millions years ago);
1548:Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences
1218:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2007.tb00221.x
899:
14:
2643:
2580:= gigaannum (billions years ago).
1900:
1527:. Geologic TimeScale Foundation.
1415:. Geologic TimeScale Foundation.
2601:
2590:
1946:from the original on 2021-06-18.
1934:from the original on 2023-10-08.
1918:from the original on 2024-04-04.
1671:Geodynamics & Tectonophysics
1531:from the original on 2024-04-04.
1499:from the original on 2024-04-20.
1419:from the original on 2024-04-16.
1361:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2008.00148.x
1144:Wellman, C.H.; Gray, J. (2000).
34:
1829:Xin Wei, Zhiqiang Zhou (2023).
1597:
1586:from the original on 2024-04-16
1566:
1517:
1455:from the original on 2024-04-16
1370:from the original on 2024-01-06
959:
927:
1405:
1333:
1302:
1284:
1224:
1188:
1137:
439:
1:
2019:Pleistocene (11.7 ka–2.58 Ma)
1835:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
1816:10.1080/08912963.2022.2104642
1130:
1924:"GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era"
1775:10.1016/j.palwor.2014.10.011
7:
1982:Geological history of Earth
1047:specimens including genera
822:of the Floian is the lower
749:is the second stage of the
492:
202:
10:
2648:
2255:Mississippian (323–359 Ma)
2250:Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma)
2014:Holocene (present–11.7 ka)
1574:"Ordovician of the Baltic"
1525:"GSSP for Dapingian Stage"
983:are the oldest example of
29:477.7 ± 1.4 – 470.0 ± 1.4
2567:
2552:
2539:Paleoarchean (3.2–3.6 Ga)
2516:
2476:
2445:
2414:
2401:
2389:Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)
2361:
2330:
2294:
2263:
2237:
2206:
2193:
2158:
2127:
2101:
2088:
2053:
2027:
2001:
1988:
1684:10.5800/GT-2021-12-2-0523
1620:10.1007/978-3-030-91467-7
1493:10.1080/00241160600847439
864:Tetragraptus approximatus
783:Tetragraptus approximatus
735:
685:
670:Upper boundary definition
669:
661:
612:
606:Tetragraptus approximatus
594:Lower boundary definition
593:
585:
575:
565:
560:
552:
540:
530:
525:
517:
512:
105:
100:
26:
21:
2632:Ordovician geochronology
2534:Mesoarchean (2.8–3.2 Ga)
2379:Miaolingian (497–509 Ma)
2224:Guadalupian (260–272 Ma)
2076:Paleocene (56.0–66.0 Ma)
2066:Oligocene (23.0–33.9 Ma)
1108:Falloaster anquiroisitus
885:Baltoniodus triangularis
764:series. It precedes the
760:with which it forms the
679:Baltoniodus triangularis
110:
2529:Neoarchean (2.5–2.8 Ga)
2494:Orosirian (1.8–2.05 Ga)
2489:Statherian (1.6–1.8 Ga)
2432:Cryogenian (635–720 Ma)
2322:Llandovery (433–444 Ma)
2229:Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)
2040:Pliocene (2.59–5.33 Ma)
1928:timescalefoundation.org
1912:timescalefoundation.org
1864:Journal of Paleontology
1718:Journal of Paleontology
1560:10.3176/earth.2012.4.02
1413:"GSSP for Floian Stage"
1210:2007M&PS...42..113K
924:corresponds to Floian.
813:
689:Huanghuachang section,
479:Ordovician meteor event
193:−445 —
183:−450 —
173:−455 —
163:−460 —
153:−465 —
143:−470 —
133:−475 —
123:−480 —
113:−485 —
2499:Rhyacian (2.05–2.3 Ga)
2468:Calymmian (1.4–1.6 Ga)
2427:Ediacaran (539–635 Ma)
2374:Furongian (485–497 Ma)
2219:Lopingian (252–260 Ma)
2045:Miocene (5.33–23.0 Ma)
1848:10.4202/app.01102.2023
1164:10.1098/rstb.2000.0612
1151:Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B
934:graptolitic argillites
2504:Siderian (2.3–2.5 Ga)
2463:Ectasian (1.2–1.4 Ga)
2384:Series 2 (509–521 Ma)
2071:Eocene (33.9–56.0 Ma)
1579:Paleobiology Database
1237:Nature Communications
1117:Garden City Formation
1101:Duoquanshan Formation
2544:Eoarchean (3.6–4 Ga)
2437:Tonian (720 Ma–1 Ga)
2317:Wenlock (427–433 Ma)
2307:Pridoli (419–423 Ma)
1730:10.1017/jpa.2021.122
1296:www.stratigraphy.org
1014:were distributed in
828:Diabasbrottet Quarry
720:30.8605°N 110.3740°E
617:Diabasbrottet quarry
2599: •
2588: •
2586:Geologic time scale
2348:Middle (458–470 Ma)
2312:Ludlow (423–427 Ma)
2281:Middle (383–393 Ma)
2176:Middle (237–247 Ma)
2145:Middle (164–174 Ma)
1876:10.1017/jpa.2019.82
1614:. p. 107–114.
1249:10.1038/ncomms14066
1103:, northwest China.
1056:Pseudophyllograptus
981:Reptamsassia minuta
849:58.3589°N 12.5024°E
845: /
736:Upper GSSP ratified
716: /
686:Upper boundary GSSP
662:Lower GSSP ratified
646:58.3589°N 12.5024°E
642: /
613:Lower boundary GSSP
586:Time span formality
2597:Geology portal
2458:Stenian (1–1.2 Ga)
2353:Early (470–485 Ma)
2286:Early (393–419 Ma)
2181:Early (247–252 Ma)
2150:Early (174–201 Ma)
2119:Early (100–145 Ma)
2114:Late (66.0–100 Ma)
1804:Historical Biology
1292:"Chart/Time Scale"
790:History and naming
756:. It succeeds the
576:Stratigraphic unit
566:Chronological unit
553:Time scale(s) used
2614:
2613:
2512:
2511:
2478:Paleoproterozoic
2397:
2396:
2343:Late (444–458 Ma)
2276:Late (359–383 Ma)
2189:
2188:
2171:Late (201–237 Ma)
2140:Late (145–164 Ma)
2084:
2083:
2005:(present–2.58 Ma)
1993:(present–66.0 Ma)
1629:978-3-030-91467-7
1158:(1398): 717–732.
918:Siberian Platform
770:Middle Ordovician
743:
742:
725:30.8605; 110.3740
526:Usage information
507:
506:
487:
486:
465:
464:
2639:
2627:Early Ordovician
2608:World portal
2606:
2605:
2595:
2594:
2557:
2521:
2481:
2450:
2447:Mesoproterozoic
2419:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2366:
2335:
2299:
2268:
2242:
2211:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2163:
2132:
2106:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2058:
2032:
2006:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1935:
1919:
1894:
1893:
1887:
1879:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1810:(9): 1583-1604.
1799:
1793:
1792:
1786:
1778:
1769:(1–1): 100–109.
1754:
1748:
1747:
1741:
1733:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1688:
1686:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1641:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1508:
1500:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1454:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1420:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1346:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1268:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1175:
1141:
916:(upper). On the
860:
859:
857:
856:
855:
854:58.3589; 12.5024
850:
846:
843:
842:
841:
838:
774:first appearance
762:Lower Ordovician
731:
730:
728:
727:
726:
721:
717:
714:
713:
712:
709:
657:
656:
654:
653:
652:
651:58.3589; 12.5024
647:
643:
640:
639:
638:
635:
481:
472:
467:
459:
446:
441:
420:
411:
402:
393:
384:
375:
366:
357:
332:
317:
298:
265:
227:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
108:
96:
33:
19:
18:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2600:
2589:
2581:
2563:
2555:
2548:
2519:
2508:
2479:
2472:
2448:
2441:
2417:
2416:Neoproterozoic
2406:(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)
2405:
2404:
2403:Proterozoic Eon
2393:
2364:
2357:
2333:
2326:
2297:
2290:
2266:
2259:
2240:
2233:
2209:
2197:
2196:
2185:
2161:
2154:
2130:
2123:
2104:
2092:
2091:
2080:
2056:
2049:
2030:
2023:
2004:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1979:
1938:
1922:
1906:
1903:
1898:
1897:
1881:
1880:
1860:
1856:
1827:
1823:
1800:
1796:
1780:
1779:
1755:
1751:
1735:
1734:
1710:
1706:
1690:
1689:
1663:
1659:
1643:
1642:
1630:
1612:Springer Nature
1602:
1598:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1540:
1536:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1502:
1501:
1471:
1467:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1437:
1431:
1424:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1397:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1307:
1303:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1229:
1225:
1193:
1189:
1142:
1138:
1133:
962:
930:
914:Billingen stage
910:Hunneberg stage
902:
900:Regional stages
853:
851:
847:
844:
839:
836:
834:
832:
831:
816:
802:, a village in
792:
724:
722:
718:
715:
710:
707:
705:
703:
702:
701:
650:
648:
644:
641:
636:
633:
631:
629:
628:
627:
508:
503:
502:
500:
483:
482:
477:
470:
461:
460:
451:
444:
437:
436:
432:
431:
427:
426:
422:
421:
416:
413:
412:
407:
404:
403:
398:
395:
394:
389:
386:
385:
380:
377:
376:
371:
368:
367:
362:
359:
358:
353:
350:
349:
341:
340:
334:
333:
329:
327:
325:
322:
319:
318:
314:
312:
310:
308:
306:
303:
300:
299:
295:
293:
291:
289:
286:
283:
282:
276:
275:
267:
266:
261:
259:
257:
255:
253:
251:
249:
247:
245:
241:
238:
237:
229:
228:
223:
221:
219:
217:
215:
213:
211:
209:
205:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
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84:
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74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
28:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2645:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2612:
2611:
2568:
2565:
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2561:
2559:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2523:
2514:
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2510:
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2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
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2465:
2460:
2454:
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2423:
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2409:
2399:
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2359:
2358:
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2339:
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2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2239:Carboniferous
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2201:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2096:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2057:(23.0–66.0 Ma)
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2031:(2.58–23.0 Ma)
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1936:
1920:
1902:
1901:External links
1899:
1896:
1895:
1854:
1821:
1794:
1749:
1704:
1677:(2): 246—260.
1673:(in Russian).
1657:
1628:
1596:
1565:
1554:(2): 205–209.
1534:
1516:
1487:(4): 287–288.
1465:
1448:(4): 265–272.
1422:
1404:
1380:
1332:
1301:
1283:
1223:
1204:(1): 113–130.
1187:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1081:of the genera
999:Serratognathus
961:
958:
929:
926:
901:
898:
815:
812:
791:
788:
741:
740:
737:
733:
732:
687:
683:
682:
671:
667:
666:
663:
659:
658:
614:
610:
609:
595:
591:
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587:
583:
582:
577:
573:
572:
567:
563:
562:
558:
557:
556:ICS Time Scale
554:
550:
549:
542:
541:Regional usage
538:
537:
532:
531:Celestial body
528:
527:
523:
522:
519:
518:Name formality
515:
514:
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509:
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489:
488:
485:
484:
476:
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301:
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146:
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136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
103:
102:
98:
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70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
35:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2644:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2609:
2604:
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2584:
2579:
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2530:
2527:
2526:
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2522:
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2500:
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2490:
2487:
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2455:
2453:
2451:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:(539 Ma–1 Ga)
2413:
2410:
2408:
2400:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
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2360:
2354:
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2274:
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2262:
2256:
2253:
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2248:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2195:Paleozoic Era
2192:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:(66.0–145 Ma)
2100:
2097:
2095:
2093:(66.0–252 Ma)
2087:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1891:
1885:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
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1849:
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1840:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1817:
1813:
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1790:
1784:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1753:
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1719:
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1708:
1700:
1694:
1685:
1680:
1676:
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1653:
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1631:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
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1600:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1561:
1557:
1553:
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1526:
1520:
1512:
1506:
1498:
1494:
1490:
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1436:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1393:
1387:
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1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1320:
1316:
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1305:
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1276:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
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1242:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1001:
1000:
996:
992:
990:
986:
982:
978:
976:
971:
968:, coral-like
967:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
942:conglomerates
939:
935:
925:
923:
922:Ugorian stage
919:
915:
911:
907:
897:
895:
891:
887:
886:
881:
877:
872:
870:
866:
865:
858:
829:
825:
821:
811:
809:
805:
804:Västergötland
801:
797:
787:
785:
784:
779:
775:
771:
768:Stage of the
767:
763:
759:
755:
752:
748:
738:
734:
729:
700:
696:
692:
691:Huanghuachang
688:
684:
681:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
655:
626:
622:
621:Västergötland
618:
615:
611:
608:
607:
603:
599:
596:
592:
588:
584:
581:
578:
574:
571:
568:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
536:
533:
529:
524:
520:
516:
511:
499:
498:, as of 2021.
497:
490:
480:
474:
469:
468:
458:
455:
448:
443:
442:
419:
410:
401:
392:
383:
374:
365:
356:
348:
347:
339:
331:
316:
297:
281:
274:
273:
264:
263:
236:
235:
226:
225:
109:
104:
99:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
32:
25:
20:
2582:
2518:Archean Eon
2480:(1.6–2.5 Ga)
2365:(485–539 Ma)
2334:(444–485 Ma)
2298:(419–444 Ma)
2267:(359–419 Ma)
2241:(299–359 Ma)
2210:(252–299 Ma)
2198:(252–539 Ma)
2162:(201–252 Ma)
2131:(145–201 Ma)
2090:Mesozoic Era
1990:Cenozoic Era
1927:
1911:
1884:cite journal
1867:
1863:
1857:
1838:
1834:
1824:
1807:
1803:
1797:
1783:cite journal
1766:
1762:
1752:
1738:cite journal
1721:
1717:
1707:
1693:cite journal
1674:
1670:
1660:
1606:
1599:
1588:. Retrieved
1577:
1568:
1551:
1547:
1537:
1519:
1505:cite journal
1484:
1478:
1468:
1457:. Retrieved
1445:
1441:
1407:
1396:. Retrieved
1372:. Retrieved
1352:
1348:
1335:
1323:. Retrieved
1321:(4): 265–272
1318:
1314:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1278:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1201:
1197:
1190:
1155:
1149:
1139:
1106:
1105:
1094:
1088:
1084:Tsaidamaspis
1082:
1077:
1054:
1050:Baltograptus
1048:
1042:
1035:
1009:
1003:
997:
993:
980:
975:Reptamsassia
973:
966:Newfoundland
963:
960:Paleontology
931:
928:Major events
912:(lower) and
906:Baltoscandia
903:
883:
873:
862:
817:
793:
781:
746:
744:
677:
604:
493:
363:
344:
270:
242:
232:
206:
2554:Hadean Eon
2332:Ordovician
2103:Cretaceous
2003:Quaternary
1763:Palaeoworld
1724:(3): 1—14.
1355:: 218–231.
1325:13 December
1061:Skattungbyn
1037:Paroistodus
1032:Australasia
940:as well as
938:Gorny Altai
869:Tremadocian
852: /
824:Tøyen Shale
806:, southern
758:Tremadocian
723: /
711:110°22′26″E
673:FAD of the
649: /
382:Darriwilian
355:Tremadocian
2621:Categories
2556:(4–4.6 Ga)
2520:(2.5–4 Ga)
2449:(1–1.6 Ga)
2055:Paleogene
1870:(2): 1-8.
1590:2024-04-20
1459:2024-04-20
1398:2024-06-13
1374:2024-04-20
1131:References
1113:asterozoan
1096:Liexiaspis
1079:Trilobites
1067:, central
1045:graptolite
1016:Kazakhstan
1005:Prioniodus
946:gritstones
892:Province,
840:12°30′09″E
837:58°21′32″N
778:graptolite
751:Ordovician
708:30°51′38″N
637:12°30′09″E
634:58°21′32″N
602:Graptolite
561:Definition
454:land plant
418:Rhuddanian
409:Hirnantian
101:Chronology
2583:See also:
2363:Cambrian
2296:Silurian
2265:Devonian
2160:Triassic
2129:Jurassic
1646:cite book
1638:2524-3438
1257:2041-1723
1243:: 14066.
1028:Indochina
1011:Oepikodus
995:Conodonts
985:symbiotic
977:divergens
876:Dapingian
766:Dapingian
513:Etymology
373:Dapingian
2208:Permian
2029:Neogene
1944:Archived
1940:"Floian"
1932:Archived
1916:Archived
1584:Archived
1529:Archived
1497:Archived
1450:Archived
1442:Episodes
1417:Archived
1365:Archived
1315:Episodes
1275:28117834
1182:10905606
882:species
880:conodont
780:species
675:Conodont
544:Global (
391:Sandbian
346:Stage 10
1480:Lethaia
1349:Lethaia
1266:5286199
1206:Bibcode
1173:1692785
1073:siculae
1065:Dalarna
970:fossils
776:of the
695:Yichang
600:of the
471:←
445:←
198:–
188:–
178:–
168:–
158:–
148:–
138:–
128:–
118:–
2562:
1636:
1626:
1273:
1263:
1255:
1180:
1170:
1090:Zhiyia
1069:Sweden
954:Russia
950:Salair
808:Sweden
754:Period
747:Floian
625:Sweden
589:Formal
521:Formal
457:spores
452:First
435:
430:
425:
400:Katian
364:Floian
22:Floian
1453:(PDF)
1438:(PDF)
1368:(PDF)
1345:(PDF)
1121:Idaho
1111:, an
1024:China
1020:Korea
894:China
890:Hubei
699:China
580:Stage
535:Earth
1890:link
1789:link
1744:link
1699:link
1652:link
1634:ISSN
1624:ISBN
1511:link
1327:2020
1271:PMID
1253:ISSN
1178:PMID
1093:and
1053:and
1030:and
1008:and
989:reef
979:and
944:and
908:are
820:GSSP
818:The
814:GSSP
745:The
739:2007
665:2002
37:PreꞒ
1872:doi
1843:doi
1812:doi
1771:doi
1726:doi
1679:doi
1616:doi
1556:doi
1489:doi
1357:doi
1261:PMC
1245:doi
1214:doi
1168:PMC
1160:doi
1156:355
1125:USA
1119:of
972:of
948:of
936:of
826:in
800:Flo
598:FAD
570:Age
546:ICS
496:ICS
2623::
2578:Ga
2574:Ma
2570:ka
1930:.
1926:.
1914:.
1910:.
1886:}}
1882:{{
1868:94
1866:.
1841:.
1839:68
1837:.
1833:.
1808:35
1806:.
1785:}}
1781:{{
1767:24
1765:.
1761:.
1740:}}
1736:{{
1722:96
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1716:.
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1691:{{
1675:12
1669:.
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1644:{{
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1610:.
1582:.
1576:.
1552:61
1550:.
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1503:{{
1495:.
1485:39
1483:.
1477:.
1446:27
1444:.
1440:.
1425:^
1383:^
1363:.
1353:42
1351:.
1347:.
1319:27
1317:.
1313:.
1294:.
1277:.
1269:.
1259:.
1251:.
1239:.
1235:.
1212:.
1202:42
1200:.
1176:.
1166:.
1154:.
1148:.
1127:.
1123:,
1087:,
1063:,
1026:,
1022:,
1018:,
1002:,
952:,
920:,
896:.
786:.
697:,
693:,
623:,
619:,
224:c
222:i
220:o
218:z
216:o
214:e
212:l
210:a
208:P
87:Pg
31:Ma
1974:e
1967:t
1960:v
1892:)
1878:.
1874::
1851:.
1845::
1818:.
1814::
1791:)
1777:.
1773::
1746:)
1732:.
1728::
1701:)
1687:.
1681::
1654:)
1640:.
1618::
1593:.
1562:.
1558::
1513:)
1491::
1462:.
1401:.
1377:.
1359::
1329:.
1247::
1241:8
1220:.
1216::
1208::
1184:.
1162::
830:(
548:)
338:L
330:e
328:t
326:a
324:L
315:e
313:l
311:d
309:d
307:i
305:M
296:y
294:l
292:r
290:a
288:E
280:F
272:S
262:n
260:a
258:i
256:c
254:i
252:v
250:o
248:d
246:r
244:O
234:Ꞓ
92:N
82:K
77:J
72:T
67:P
62:C
57:D
52:S
47:O
42:Ꞓ
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