683:
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1480:, although in larger colonies, flamingos sometimes change mates, presumably because more mates are available to choose. Flamingo pairs establish and defend nesting territories. They locate a suitable spot on the mudflat to build a nest (the female usually selects the place). Copulation usually occurs during nest building, which is sometimes interrupted by another flamingo pair trying to commandeer the nesting site for their use. Flamingos aggressively defend their nesting sites. Both the male and the female contribute to building the nest, and to protecting the nest and egg. Same-sex pairs have been reported.
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flamingo colonies split into breeding groups of about 15 to 50 birds. Both males and females in these groups perform synchronized ritual displays. The members of a group stand together and display to each other by stretching their necks upwards, then uttering calls while head-flagging, and then flapping their wings. The displays do not seem directed towards an individual, but occur randomly. These displays stimulate "synchronous nesting" (see below) and help pair up those birds that do not already have mates.
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1448:. American flamingos are a brighter red color because of the beta carotene availability in their food while the lesser flamingos are a paler pink due to ingesting a smaller amount of this pigment. These carotenoids are broken down into pigments by liver enzymes. The source of this varies by species, and affects the color saturation. Flamingos whose sole diet is blue-green algae are darker than those that get it second-hand by eating animals that have digested blue-green algae.
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behaviour also takes place in warm water and is also observed in birds that do not typically stand in water. An alternative theory is that standing on one leg reduces the energy expenditure for producing muscular effort to stand and balance on one leg. A study on cadavers showed that the one-legged pose could be held without any muscle activity, while living flamingos demonstrate substantially less body sway in a one-legged posture.
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leave them alone. After a while, the microcrĂšches merge into "crĂšches" containing thousands of chicks. Chicks that do not stay in their crĂšches are vulnerable to predators. When young flamingos are around three to three and a half months old, their flight feathers will finish growing in, allowing them to fly.
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For the first six days after the chicks hatch, the adults and chicks stay in the nesting sites. At around 7â12 days old, the chicks begin to move out of their nests and explore their surroundings. When they are two weeks old, the chicks congregate in groups, called "microcrĂšches", and their parents
1353:
Flamingos usually stand on one leg with the other tucked beneath the body. The reason for this behaviour is not fully understood. One theory is that standing on one leg allows the birds to conserve more body heat, given that they spend a significant amount of time wading in cold water. However, the
1472:
Flamingos are very social birds; they live in colonies whose population can number in the thousands. These large colonies are believed to serve three purposes for the flamingos: avoiding predators, maximizing food intake, and using scarce suitable nesting sites more efficiently. Before breeding,
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as well as insect larvae, small insects, mollusks and crustaceans. Their bills are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they eat, and are uniquely used upside-down. The filtering of food items is assisted by hairy structures called lamellae, which line the mandibles, and the
1383:
The greater flamingo is the tallest of the six different species of flamingos, standing at 3.9 to 4.7 feet (1.2 to 1.4 m) with a weight up to 7.7 pounds (3.5 kg), and the shortest flamingo species (the lesser) has a height of 2.6 feet (0.8 m) and weighs 5.5 pounds (2.5 kg).
698:, while morphological evidence also strongly supports a relationship between flamingos and grebes. They hold at least 11 morphological traits in common, which are not found in other birds. Many of these characteristics have been previously identified on flamingos, but not on grebes. The fossil
1406:
1405:
1403:
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While walking, a flamingo's legs may appear to bend backwards. This appearance is due to the middle joint on their legs being their ankle, not their knee. Flamingos also have webbed feet that aid with swimming and they may stamp their feet in the mud to stir up food from the bottom.
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ranging from grunting or growling to nasal honking. Vocalizations play an important role in parent-chick recognition, ritualized displays, and keeping large flocks together. Variations in vocalizations exist in the voices of different species of flamingos.
1404:
2496:
Hackett, Shannon J.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Reddy, Sushma; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Edward L.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Cox, W. Andrew; Kin-Lan Han, John (27 June 2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds
Reveals Their Evolutionary History".
426:
1712:, at which two thousand of the choicest fishes and seven thousand birds are said to have been served. He himself eclipsed even this at the dedication of a platter, which on account of its enormous size he called the "Shield of
1620:
While many different kinds of birds were valued items in Roman food, flamingos were among the most prized in
Ancient Roman cuisine. An early reference to their consumption, and especially of their tongues, is found in
1402:
1376:
obtained from their food supply. A well-fed, healthy flamingo is more vibrantly colored, thus a more desirable mate; a white or pale flamingo, however, is usually unhealthy or malnourished.
3322:
Hill, G. E.; Montgomerie, R.; Inouye, C. Y.; Dale, J. (June 1994). "Influence of
Dietary Carotenoids on Plasma and Plumage Colour in the House Finch: Intra- and Intersexual Variation".
1451:
Though flamingos prefer to drink freshwater, they are equipped with glands under their eyes that remove extra salt from their bodies. This organ allows them to drink saltwater as well.
425:
1600:
Zoos have used mirrors to improve flamingo breeding behaviour. The mirrors are thought to give the flamingos the impression that they are in a larger flock than they actually are.
716:("miraculous birds" due to their extreme divergence and apomorphies) has been proposed. Alternatively, they could be placed in one order, with Phoenocopteriformes taking priority.
728:
below showing the phylogenetic relationships between the six extant flamingo species is based on a study by
Roberto Frias-Soler and collaborators that was published in 2022.
2737:
Del Hoyo, Josep; Boesman, Peter F. D.; Garcia, Ernest; Kirwan, Guy M. (2020). Del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David; De Juana, Eduardo (eds.).
2428:
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Bildstein, Keith L.; Frederick, Peter C.; Spalding, Marilyn G. (November 1991). "Feeding
Patterns and Aggressive Behavior in Juvenile and Adult American Flamingos".
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flamingos are a notable exception; even if adequately nourished, they may turn a pale pink if they are not fed carotene at levels comparable to the wild.
3898:
3544:
Studer-Thiersch, A. (2000). "What 19 Years of
Observation on Captive Great Flamingos Suggests about Adaptations to Breeding under Irregular Conditions".
3786:
1662:
Although a few recipes for flamingos are found in
Apicius' extant works, none refer specifically to flamingo tongues. The three flamingo recipes in the
1818:, because he was told that one who ate them was immune from the plague. He served to the palace-attendants, moreover, huge platters heaped up with the
2637:
Frias-Soler, R.C.; Bauer, A.; Grohme, M.A.; Espinosa López, G.; Gutiérrez Costa, M.; Llanes-Quevedo, A.; Van Slobbe, F.; Frohme, M.; Wink, M. (2022).
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stimulates production. Crop milk contains both fat and protein, as with mammalian milk, but unlike mammalian milk, it contains no carbohydrates. (
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963:. As a result of a 2014 publication, the family was reclassified into two genera. In 2020, the family had three recognized genera, according to
2427:
Ericson, Per G. P.; Anderson, CL; Britton, T; Elzanowski, A; Johansson, US; KÀllersjö, M; Ohlson, JI; Parsons, TJ; Zuccon, D (December 2006).
6064:
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1814:
In imitation of
Apicius he frequently ate camels-heels and also cocks-combs taken from the living birds, and the tongues of peacocks and
2093:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 132, 227.
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also produce crop milk, though just in the glands lining the crop, which contains less fat and more protein than flamingo crop milk.)
4026:
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2557:
2113:
1553:
3412:
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Torres, C. R.; De Pietri, V. L.; Louchart, A.; Van Tuinen, M. (2015). "New cranial material of the earliest filter feeding flamingo
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1785:
My red wing gives me my name; but it is my tongue that is considered savoury by epicures. What, if my tongue had been able to sing?
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in
Switzerland in 1958. Since then, over 389 flamingos have grown up in Basel and been distributed to other zoos around the globe.
2597:
1369:, zoo in 2005. One was spotted in Texas 14 years later. It had been seen previously by birders in Texas, Wisconsin and Louisiana.
959:
Six extant flamingo species are recognized by most sources, and were formerly placed in one genus (have common characteristics) â
6038:
4597:
2549:
2290:
2471:
2392:
Chubb, AL (2004). "New nuclear evidence for the oldest divergence among neognath birds: the phylogenetic utility of ZENK (i)".
3706:
3584:
3252:
3020:"Fossil Birds from Manix Lake California: Descriptions of late Pleistocene bira remains, including a new species of flamingo"
6043:
3222:
2778:
2550:"Morphological evidence for sister group relationship between flamingos (Aves: Phoenicopteridae) and grebes (Podicipedidae)"
1483:
After the chicks hatch, the only parental expense is feeding. Both the male and the female feed their chicks with a kind of
3835:
1372:
Young flamingos hatch with grayish-red plumage, but adults range from light pink to bright red due to aqueous bacteria and
407:. There are four flamingo species distributed throughout the Americas (including the Caribbean), and two species native to
658:, but a 2014 comprehensive study of bird orders found that flamingos and grebes are not waterfowl, but rather are part of
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assemblage, have been considered the flamingos' closest relatives and the family was included in the order. Usually, the
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were used to argue for a close relationship between flamingos, waterfowl, and waders. A 2002 paper concluded they are
3770:
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3396:
3172:
5742:
4007:
6116:
5978:
3722:
Gaillo, A.; Johnson, A. R.; Gallo, A. (1995). "Adult
Aggressiveness and CrĂšching Behavior in the Greater Flamingo,
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4108:
3531:
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1287:
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3459:
Pickett, C.; Stevens, E. F. (1994). "Managing the Social Environments of Flamingos for Reproductive Success".
2021:
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168:
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There is also a mention of flamingo brains in a later, highly contentious source, detailing, in the life of
2798:
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to prevent escape. A pair of African flamingos which had not yet had their wings clipped escaped from the
5921:
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4587:
2052:
3113:"Mechanical evidence that flamingos can support their body on one leg with little active muscular force"
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Flamingos can have a wingspan as small as 37 inches (94 cm) to as big as 59 inches (150 cm).
17:
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4058:
1946:
1916:
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were considered their closest relatives within this order. Earlier genetic studies, such as those of
31:
3267:
Bradford, Alina. 2014. Flamingo Facts: Food Turns Feathers Pink. September 18. Accessed March 2018.
2917:
2851:(Aves, Phoenicopteridae) informs the evolution of the highly specialized filter feeding apparatus".
2676:"A multi-locus inference of the evolutionary diversification of extant flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)"
1972:"A multi-locus inference of the evolutionary diversification of extant flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)"
1487:, produced in glands lining the whole of the upper digestive tract (not just the crop). The hormone
5912:
4610:
4592:
2674:
Torres, Chris R; Ogawa, Lisa M; Gillingham, Mark AF; Ferrari, Brittney; Van Tuinen, Marcel (2014).
2067:
1970:
Torres, Chris R; Ogawa, Lisa M; Gillingham, Mark AF; Ferrari, Brittney; Marcel, van Tuinen (2014).
1871:
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235:
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1708:
Most notorious of all was the dinner given by his brother to celebrate the emperor's arrival in
6095:
5874:
5706:
4582:
4394:
4344:
2639:"Phylogeny of the order Phoenicopteriformes and population genetics of the Caribbean flamingo (
1276:
702:
can be considered evolutionarily, and ecologically, intermediate between flamingos and grebes.
527:
6030:
3607:
3601:
3522:
Studer-Thiersch, A. (1975). "Basle Zoo", pp. 121â130 in N. Duplaix-Hall and J. Kear, editors.
2291:"A New Presbyornithid Bird (Aves, Anseriformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern Mongolia"
1867:
worshipped nature. They placed emphasis on animals, and often depicted flamingos in their art.
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4419:
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phoenicopteri linguam praecipui saporis esse apicius docuit, nepotum omnium altissimus gurges
1298:
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1919:
in 1957. Their popularity was influenced in part by the prevalence of flamingo souvenirs in
5947:
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4113:
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3293:
2506:
2348:
2148:"The Relationships of the Flamingos as Indicated by the Egg-White Proteins and Hemoglobins"
1924:
1254:
4030:
2941:"The Miocene avifauna of the Li Mae Long locality, Thailand: systematics and paleoecology"
2598:"The contribution of fossils to the reconstruction of the higher-level phylogeny of birds"
2121:
1387:
Flamingos can open their bills by raising the upper jaw as well as by dropping the lower.
1169:
8:
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5783:
4577:
4469:
4409:
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4134:
1740:
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735:
446:
404:
220:
151:
3297:
3286:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
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2352:
1649:, has informed us that the tongue of the phĆnicopterus is of the most exquisite flavour.
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1998:
1971:
1879:
1815:
1677:
1582:
1377:
163:
4053:
2886:
Rich, P. V.; Walker, C.A. (1983). "A New Genus of Miocene Flamingo from East Africa".
2405:
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5772:
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The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the Museo ArqueolĂłgico Rafael Larco Herrera
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2003:
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1460:
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625:
434:
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Fugitive flamingo spotted in Texas 14 years after escaping a Kansas zoo during storm
2939:
Cheneval, J.; Ginsburg, L.; Mourer-Chauvire, CĂ©cile; Ratanasthien, Benjavun (1991).
2872:
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1993:
1983:
1908:
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1046:
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860:
450:
397:
354:
45:
5939:
2899:
2337:"Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds"
1103:
5851:
5816:
5777:
5584:
5412:
4882:
4404:
4389:
4327:
4226:
4154:
2659:
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2436:
2088:
1860:
1847:
1622:
1366:
1309:
1109:
1016:
790:
758:
651:
543:
319:
6056:
2429:"Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils"
1440:
large, rough-surfaced tongue. The pink or reddish color of flamingos comes from
1346:
1325:
985:
493:
5986:
5973:
5827:
5694:
5624:
5576:
5510:
5449:
5404:
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4690:
4444:
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4414:
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3765:. Illustrated by Richard Hewett. Morrow Junior Books. pp. 11, 13, 22, 41.
2783:
2143:
1767:
1635:
1333:
1243:
846:
776:
713:
629:
597:
564:
309:
295:
288:
38:
2864:
2817:
2190:"Reinterpreting the origins of flamingo lice: cospeciation or host-switching?"
1716:, Defender of the City." In this he mingled the livers of pike, the brains of
1563:
6151:
5807:
5632:
5616:
5539:
5531:
5365:
5163:
5013:
4900:
4858:
4658:
4650:
4572:
4536:
4454:
4378:
4206:
3438:"American Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) Fact Sheet: Behavior & Ecology"
3227:
2616:
1912:
1887:
1831:
1823:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1373:
1362:
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302:
94:
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1988:
143:
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4909:
4781:
4742:
4511:
4499:
4489:
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3167:. Illustrated by Richard Hewett. Morrow Junior Books. pp. 11, 13, 22.
3146:
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2938:
2825:
2750:
2711:
2526:
2467:
2449:
2413:
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2226:
2208:
2007:
1901:
1851:
1807:
1613:
1590:
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408:
268:
3548:. 23 (Special Publication I: Conservation Biology of Flamingos): 150â159.
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Parts of Africa, S. Europe and S. and SW Asia (most widespread flamingo).
6012:
5906:
5523:
5370:
5176:
5155:
5144:
5109:
4976:
4966:
4924:
4815:
4682:
4484:
4309:
4304:
4236:
4221:
4189:
3941:"Martial, Epigrams. Book 13. Mainly from Bohn's Classical Library (1897)"
1900:
miners have killed flamingos for their fat, believing that it would cure
1891:
1874:
1540:
1441:
1206:
650:, which are otherwise exclusively found on ducks and geese. The peculiar
468:
278:
69:
686:
Many molecular and morphological studies support a relationship between
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5252:
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5171:
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5020:
4985:
4863:
4711:
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4521:
4279:
4084:
3747:
3656:
3633:"Variation in Parental Care with Offspring Age in the Greater Flamingo"
3561:
3391:. Illustrated by Richard Hewett. Morrow Junior Books. pp. 11, 13.
3343:
3209:
3001:
2174:
1799:
1492:
1361:
Flamingos are capable flyers, and flamingos in captivity often require
699:
667:
632:
and colleagues, also supported this relationship. Relationships to the
602:
114:
79:
4119:
3789:[Zolli celebrates 50 years of flamingo breeding and science].
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5600:
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5344:
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5054:
5038:
5027:
4937:
4873:
4832:
4531:
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4199:
3814:"Flamingo believed to be world's oldest dies at Adelaide Zoo aged 83"
2313:
1827:
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The family Phoenicopteridae was introduced by the French zoologist
200:
109:
104:
89:
84:
74:
3874:
English (John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A., 1855)
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Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity
2846:
2725:
2257:"Osteological evidence for shorebird affinities of the flamingos"
2022:"A Flamboyance of Flamingos and Other Brilliant Bird Group Names"
1920:
1819:
1760:
1756:
1733:
1713:
1642:
1183:
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1090:
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538:
497:. The word may also have been influenced by the Spanish ethnonym
330:
257:
124:
99:
3669:
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2188:
Johnson, Kevin P.; Kennedy, Martyn; McCracken, Kevin G. (2006).
1806:' heels and parrot tongues, in the belief that the latter was a
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5244:
5184:
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4889:
4556:
4551:
4429:
2916:
Rich, P.V.; van Tets, G.F.; Rich, T.H.V.; McEvey, A.R. (1987).
1927:, prompting the correlation of flamingos with style and wealth.
1897:
1803:
1684:
1161:
1153:
1145:
671:
190:
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3247:. Princeton, NJ, US: Princeton University Press. p. 35.
2073:
Saggio di una distribuzione metodica degli animali vertebrati
1737:
1086:
1031:
710:
706:
695:
687:
663:
554:
477:
471:
393:
244:
3899:"C. Suetonius Tranquillus, Vitellius, chapter 13, section 2"
3787:"Zolli feiert 50 Jahre Flamingozucht und Flamingosforschung"
2673:
1969:
5470:
4837:
4800:
4770:
4184:
4150:
3282:"The filter-feeding and food of flamingoes (Pheonicopteri)"
2736:
2306:
10.1206/0003-0082(2002)386<0001:ANPBAA>2.0.CO;2
1864:
1834:-brains, and the heads of parrots, pheasants, and peacocks.
1709:
1082:
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381:
375:
363:
210:
3885:"LacusCurtius âą Pliny the Elder's Natural HistoryâBook 10"
3862:"Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, liber x, chapter 67"
3546:
Waterbirds: The International Journal of Waterbird Biology
3187:
5592:
4449:
4211:
3321:
3044:
Brodkorb, P. (1953). "A Pliocene flamingo from Florida".
2787:, Chad Gillis, February 23, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
378:
372:
2495:
1944:
Both forms of the plural are attested, according to the
694:
Recent molecular studies have suggested a relation with
3836:"Colchester Zoo use mirrors to help flamingos to breed"
3689:
Ehrlich, Paul; Dobkin, David S.; Wheye, Darryl (1988).
3518:
3516:
3514:
3231:, Kaitlyn Alanis, May 27, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
2187:
4015:. University of Heidelberg. pp. 27â77, esp.38â39.
3526:. Berkhamsted, United Kingdom: T. & A. D. Poyser,
2915:
1802:, a food item not apparently to his liking as much as
1589:, believed to be the oldest in the world, died at the
3955:"Historia Augusta âą Life of Elagabalus (Part 2 of 2)"
3630:
2779:
Scientists: Florida flamingos are native to the state
1680:, squabs, fattened fowl; flamingo is an afterthought.
1603:
1459:
Flamingos are considered very noisy birds with their
636:
were considered as well, especially as flamingos are
384:
357:
3670:
Ward, Ann M.; Amy Hunt; Mike Maslanka; Chris Brown,
3537:
3511:
2918:"The Pliocene and Quaternary Flamingos of Australia"
2289:
Kurochkin, E. N.; Dyke, G. J.; Karhu, A. A. (2002).
2090:
History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names
360:
315:
284:
274:
264:
253:
4741:
3927:"Martial, Epigrammata, book 13, LXXI Phoenicopteri"
3673:
Nutrient Composition of American Flamingo Crop Milk
3579:. London: T & AD Poyser Ltd. pp. 124â130.
1571:The first flamingo hatched in a European zoo was a
369:
366:
3980:
3721:
3690:
3688:
3492:. Gloucester, UK: Alan Sutton Publishing Limited.
2288:
2142:
2076:(in Italian). Rome: Antonio Boulzaler. p. 59.
1119:High Andes in Peru, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina.
37:"Pink flamingo" redirects here. For the film, see
1838:
1213:(Early to Middle Miocene of Lake Victoria, Kenya)
414:A group of flamingoes is called a "flamboyance".
6149:
3269:https://www.livescience.com/27322-flamingos.html
2799:"The Paleogene fossil record of birds in Europe"
3543:
3111:Chang, Young-Hui; Ting, Lena H. (24 May 2017).
1775:Dat mihi penna rubens nomen; sed lingua gulosis
1239:(Early Miocene of Mae Long Reservoir, Thailand)
403:, which is the only extant family in the order
4085:"The Plastic Pink Flamingo: A Natural History"
3631:CĂ©zilly, F.; Johnson, A.; Tourenq, C. (1994).
3574:
3484:
3482:
3458:
2146:; Corbin, Kendall W.; Haavie, Joan H. (1969).
1329:Two flamingos with their ankles circled in red
1261:(Late Pleistocene of North America and Mexico)
1202:(Middle OligoceneâMiddle Miocene of C. Europe)
5758:
4135:
1676:220: roasted with an egg sauce, a recipe for
1567:Flamingos at Paradise Park, a zoo in Cornwall
574:crimson/red bird (though, an unknown bird of
498:
453:
4649:
4054:"Backstory: Extinction of an American icon?"
3811:
3593:
2591:
2589:
1780:Nostra sapit: quid, si garrula lingua foret?
1724:, the tongues of flamingoes and the milt of
1515:(curved) bill is adapted to bottom scooping.
541:/red-feathered'; other genera names include
3479:
1663:
1337:American and Chilean flamingos in captivity
677:
586:
5765:
5751:
4142:
4128:
3697:. New York: Simon & Schuster. p.
3452:
2885:
2328:
1547:
329:
142:
4006:Beinlich, Horst (2013). "Figure 7".
3305:
3136:
3110:
2945:Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences
2911:
2909:
2701:
2691:
2658:
2647:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2586:
2570:
2558:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2457:
2368:
2216:
2066:
1997:
1987:
1645:, that very deepest whirlpool of all our
1554:List of Phoenicopteriformes by population
4005:
3981:Berrin, Katherine; Larco Museum (1997).
3599:
3488:Ogilvie, Malcolm; Carol Ogilvie (1986).
3043:
2840:
2254:
1877:is depicted with a flamingo head in the
1842:
1607:
1562:
1399:
1340:
1332:
1324:
681:
421:
4149:
4051:
3240:
2772:
2739:"Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor)"
2136:
2111:
1923:along with the Flamingo grand hotel in
1390:
14:
6168:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
6150:
3760:
3575:Johnson, Alan; CĂ©zilly, Frank (1975).
3386:
3279:
3162:
3158:
3156:
3084:
3058:
3017:
3013:
3011:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2906:
2334:
1454:
1316:(Pliocene to Pleistocene of Australia)
5873:
5872:
5746:
4634:
4123:
4082:
4078:
4076:
3812:Fedorowytsch, Tom (31 January 2014).
2724:Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). (2016).
2394:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
2391:
1850:ceramic depicting flamingo (200 AD).
1511:American flamingo and offspring: The
1411:American flamingos vocalizing at the
1224:(Pliocene of Lake Kanunka, Australia)
6135:F276CCB4-48CF-48C7-A3C8-791F0629F7C6
6109:0EE8576B-5617-BD31-0EA0-21B64B32095E
5992:c2e02733-d524-4827-bb6c-a79b094c960f
5701:
4052:Collins, Clayton (2 November 2006).
3366:"NATURE: Fire Bird â Flamingo Facts"
3027:Geological Survey Professional Paper
2879:
2796:
2595:
2547:
2086:
1612:Pink flamingo prepared for cooking (
1283:(Late Pleistocene of California, US)
5725:
4045:
3754:
3606:. Stonewall Inn Editions. pp.
3380:
3244:American Zoo: A Sociological Safari
3153:
3052:
3037:
3008:
2975:"The fossil flamingos of Australia"
2963:
2932:
2853:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
2790:
1305:(Middle Pliocene of RincĂłn, Mexico)
1294:(Late Oligocene of South Australia)
1250:(Late Oligocene of South Australia)
24:
4073:
3280:Jenkin, Penelope M. (9 May 1957).
2335:Jarvis, E.D.; et al. (2014).
2114:"Sibley's Classification of Birds"
2045:
1604:Flamingos in Ancient Roman cuisine
1527:Chilean flamingo feeding its young
1444:in their diet of animal and plant
1191:(Late Oligocene of France, Europe)
25:
6179:
4603:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
4102:
3087:"Why flamingoes stand on one leg"
3061:"A Pliocene flamingo from Mexico"
1697:mentions flamingo tongues in his
1178:Prehistoric species of flamingo:
338:Global distribution of flamingos
5724:
5712:
5700:
5689:
5688:
5579:(New World vultures and condors)
2922:Memoirs of the Queensland Museum
2605:Species, Phylogeny and Evolution
2572:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00094.x
1763:, alluding to flamingo tongues:
1532:
1520:
1504:
1124:
1102:
1064:
1039:
1009:
984:
353:
167:
67:
4116:on the Internet Bird Collection
4019:
3999:
3985:. New York: Thames and Hudson.
3974:
3961:
3947:
3933:
3919:
3913:"Suetonius âą Life of Vitellius"
3905:
3891:
3877:
3868:
3854:
3828:
3805:
3779:
3715:
3682:
3663:
3624:
3568:
3430:
3405:
3358:
3315:
3273:
3261:
3234:
3216:
3181:
3104:
3085:Walker, Matt (13 August 2009).
3078:
2730:
2718:
2667:
2630:
2541:
2489:
2420:
2385:
2282:
2248:
2112:Salzman, Eric (December 1993).
1690:231: roasted with a must sauce.
1558:
608:Traditionally, the long-legged
4635:
4029:. Seaworld.org. Archived from
3969:The Mochica: A Culture of Peru
2181:
2105:
2080:
2060:
2039:
2014:
1963:
1938:
1915:. They were first designed by
1839:Other relationship with humans
1759:, the poet, devoted an ironic
1728:, brought by his captains and
1672:) involve the whole creature:
1539:Colony of lesser flamingos at
1320:
1288:Phoenicopterus novaehollandiae
1132:American or Caribbean flamingo
13:
1:
2900:10.1080/00306525.1983.9634452
2406:10.1016/s1055-7903(03)00159-3
1957:
1467:
44:. For the lawn ornament, see
4095:(2): 5, 6 – via JSTOR.
2957:10.1016/0743-9547(91)90103-5
2726:IOC World Bird List (v 6.3).
1732:from the whole empire, from
1427:Flamingos are omnivores who
1059:Temperate S. South America.
719:
417:
7:
5643:(woodpeckers and relatives)
3793:(in German). 13 August 2008
3724:Phoenicopterus ruber roseus
3046:Natural History Miscellanea
2053:Online Etymology Dictionary
1907:In the United States, pink
1272:(Early Pliocene of Florida)
1211:(Harrison and Walker, 1976)
491:and a Germanic-like suffix
467:, which in turn comes from
10:
6184:
5505:(cormorants and relatives)
4598:Extinct species since 1500
4114:Flamingo videos and photos
3971:. New York: Praeger Press.
3967:Benson, Elizabeth (1972).
2660:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac040
1585:, an at least 83-year-old
1551:
1395:
1034:(most numerous flamingo).
954:
36:
29:
5881:
5825:
5805:
5684:
5635:(kingfishers and rollers)
5567:
5522:
5489:(albatrosses and petrels)
5461:
5432:
5403:
5382:
5373:(swifts and hummingbirds)
5355:(nightjars and relatives)
5343:
5306:
5297:
5264:
5227:
5218:
5209:
5205:
5179:(pheasants and relatives)
5154:
5078:
5037:
4975:
4947:
4923:
4899:
4872:
4793:
4780:
4737:
4710:
4706:
4645:
4641:
4630:
4626:
4565:
4468:
4368:
4318:
4245:
4175:
4162:
4059:Christian Science Monitor
3761:Arnold, Caroline (1991).
3387:Arnold, Caroline (1991).
3163:Arnold, Caroline (1991).
2865:10.1007/s13127-015-0209-7
2818:10.1017/S1464793105006779
2298:American Museum Novitates
2068:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien
1947:Oxford English Dictionary
1670:On the Subject of Cooking
1266:Phoenicopterus floridanus
1055:
1000:
978:
905:
885:
878:
858:
851:
808:
788:
781:
756:
746:
739:
522:. The name of the genus,
337:
328:
250:
243:
164:Scientific classification
162:
150:
141:
55:
32:Flamingo (disambiguation)
5534:(seriemas and relatives)
5513:(pelicans and relatives)
4109:Flamingo Resource Centre
4083:Price, Jennifer (1999).
3600:Bagemihl, Bruce (1999).
2680:BMC Evolutionary Biology
2087:Bock, Walter J. (1994).
1976:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1931:
1772:
1461:noises and vocalizations
1072:James's or Puna flamingo
1051:Phoenicopterus chilensis
865:Phoenicopterus chilensis
678:Relationship with grebes
593:Charles Lucien Bonaparte
587:Taxonomy and systematics
5627:(hornbills and hoopoes)
5542:(falcons and relatives)
3241:Grazian, David (2015).
2693:10.1186/1471-2148-14-36
2519:10.1126/science.1157704
2361:10.1126/science.1253451
2255:Feduccia, Alan (1976).
1989:10.1186/1471-2148-14-36
1826:, and flamingo-brains,
1548:Status and conservation
1345:Flamingos in flight at
1229:Phoeniconaias siamensis
705:For the grebe-flamingo
478:
472:
5611:(trogons and quetzals)
5423:(cranes and relatives)
4693:(emus and cassowaries)
4583:Glossary of bird terms
4395:Confuciusornithiformes
4009:The Book of the Faiyum
3473:10.1002/zoo.1430130512
3440:. San Diego Zoo Global
3307:10.1098/rstb.1957.0004
3129:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0948
2751:10.2173/bow.lesfla1.01
2450:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523
2209:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0427
2118:Ornitologia e dintorni
1911:are sometimes used as
1855:
1836:
1796:
1754:
1664:
1660:
1639:
1617:
1568:
1476:Flamingos form strong
1424:
1350:
1338:
1330:
1277:Phoenicopterus minutus
1114:Phoenicoparrus andinus
795:Phoenicoparrus andinus
691:
499:
454:
438:
6091:Paleobiology Database
5452:(kagu and sunbittern)
5415:(gulls and relatives)
4420:Songlingornithiformes
4385:Omnivoropterygiformes
3816:. ABC Radio Australia
3693:The Birder's Handbook
2973:Miller, A.H. (1963).
2849:Harrisonavis croizeti
2596:Mayr, Gerald (2006).
2548:Mayr, Gerald (2004).
1859:In the Americas, the
1846:
1812:
1765:
1706:
1657:, liber X, chapter 67
1633:
1611:
1566:
1410:
1344:
1336:
1328:
1299:Phoenicopterus stocki
1218:Phoeniconaias proeses
1076:Phoenicoparrus jamesi
996:Phoenicopterus roseus
892:Phoenicopterus roseus
815:Phoenicoparrus jamesi
685:
432:
5987:Fauna Europaea (new)
5859:(Caribbean flamingo)
5274:Phoenicopteriformes
4089:The American Scholar
3577:The Greater Flamingo
3413:"Caribbean Flamingo"
2641:Phoenicopterus ruber
1872:Ancient Egyptian god
1625:, who states in the
1391:Behavior and ecology
1255:Phoenicopterus copei
1136:Phoenicopterus ruber
979:Geographic location
912:Phoenicopterus ruber
30:For other uses, see
5785:Phoenicopteriformes
5245:Mesitornithiformes
5239:(doves and pigeons)
4573:Families and orders
4435:Ichthyornithiformes
4410:Patagopterygiformes
3728:Colonial Waterbirds
3298:1957RSPTB.240..401J
3068:The Wilson Bulletin
3059:Miller, L. (1944).
3018:Howard, H. (1955).
2511:2008Sci...320.1763H
2505:(5884): 1763â1768.
2353:2014Sci...346.1320J
2347:(6215): 1320â1331.
1687:may be substituted.
1455:Vocalization sounds
1189:Milne-Edwards, 1868
1144:islands, Caribbean
1021:Phoeniconaias minor
763:Phoeniconaias minor
736:Phoenicopteriformes
476:â a combination of
405:Phoenicopteriformes
221:Phoenicopteriformes
5587:(eagles and hawks)
5487:Procellariiformes
5392:Opisthocomiformes
5361:Steatornithiformes
4588:List by population
4425:Hongshanornithidae
4350:Evolution of birds
3324:Functional Ecology
2806:Biological Reviews
2144:Sibley, Charles G.
1886:Flamingos are the
1880:Book of the Faiyum
1863:people of ancient
1856:
1618:
1569:
1425:
1351:
1339:
1331:
692:
439:
435:American flamingos
6145:
6144:
6078:Open Tree of Life
5875:Taxon identifiers
5866:
5865:
5857:American flamingo
5740:
5739:
5680:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5473:(loons or divers)
5442:Phaethontiformes
5434:Phaethontimorphae
5384:Opisthocomiformes
5353:Caprimulgiformes
5293:
5292:
5282:Podicipediformes
5201:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5193:
5192:
4919:
4918:
4702:
4701:
4659:Struthioniformes
4527:Waterfowl hunting
4460:Gastornithiformes
4455:Aepyornithiformes
4445:Lithornithiformes
3708:978-0-671-62133-9
3586:978-1-4081-3866-3
3254:978-0-691-16435-9
2797:Mayr, G. (2005).
2046:Harper, Douglas.
1909:plastic flamingos
1750:Life of Vitellius
1597:in January 2014.
1493:Pigeons and doves
1408:
1349:, YucatĂĄn, Mexico
1315:
1304:
1293:
1282:
1271:
1260:
1249:
1238:
1223:
1212:
1201:
1190:
1176:
1175:
1170:GalĂĄpagos Islands
1028:Great Rift Valley
951:
950:
947:Phoenicopteridae
941:
940:
932:
931:
923:
922:
908:American flamingo
835:
834:
826:
825:
626:Threskiornithidae
430:
342:
341:
239:
152:James's flamingos
136:
16:(Redirected from
6175:
6163:Phoenicopteridae
6138:
6137:
6125:
6124:
6112:
6111:
6099:
6098:
6086:
6085:
6073:
6072:
6060:
6059:
6057:NBNSYS0000188649
6047:
6046:
6034:
6033:
6021:
6020:
6008:
6007:
5995:
5994:
5982:
5981:
5969:
5968:
5956:
5955:
5943:
5942:
5930:
5929:
5917:
5916:
5915:
5902:
5901:
5900:
5870:
5869:
5847:James's flamingo
5842:Chilean flamingo
5837:Greater flamingo
5798:
5797:Phoenicopteridae
5792:
5786:
5780:
5767:
5760:
5753:
5744:
5743:
5728:
5727:
5716:
5704:
5703:
5692:
5691:
5644:
5636:
5628:
5620:
5617:Leptosomiformes
5612:
5604:
5596:
5588:
5585:Accipitriformes
5580:
5559:
5558:(perching birds)
5551:
5543:
5535:
5514:
5506:
5498:
5490:
5482:
5479:Sphenisciformes
5474:
5453:
5445:
5424:
5416:
5413:Charadriiformes
5395:
5374:
5356:
5335:
5327:
5324:Musophagiformes
5319:
5304:
5303:
5285:
5277:
5256:
5248:
5240:
5225:
5224:
5216:
5215:
5207:
5206:
5180:
5167:
4945:
4944:
4941:
4934:
4847:
4840:
4804:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4778:
4777:
4774:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4708:
4707:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4632:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4495:Bird collections
4450:Dinornithiformes
4355:Darwin's finches
4345:Origin of flight
4285:Seabird breeding
4275:Sexual selection
4144:
4137:
4130:
4121:
4120:
4097:
4096:
4080:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3978:
3972:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3895:
3889:
3888:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3866:
3865:
3858:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3809:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3696:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3541:
3535:
3520:
3509:
3486:
3477:
3476:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3319:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3292:(674): 401â493.
3277:
3271:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3238:
3232:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3160:
3151:
3150:
3140:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3065:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3024:
3015:
3006:
3005:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2960:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2803:
2794:
2788:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2705:
2695:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2653:(4): 1485â1504.
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2602:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2574:
2554:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2477:on 25 March 2009
2476:
2470:. Archived from
2461:
2433:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2372:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2295:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2261:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2236:on 25 March 2009
2235:
2229:. Archived from
2220:
2194:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2152:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2124:on 13 April 2018
2120:. Archived from
2109:
2103:
2102:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1991:
1967:
1951:
1942:
1917:Don Featherstone
1794:
1752:
1667:
1665:De re coquinaria
1658:
1587:greater flamingo
1573:Chilean flamingo
1536:
1524:
1508:
1437:blue-green algae
1409:
1313:
1302:
1291:
1280:
1269:
1258:
1247:
1232:
1221:
1210:
1199:
1188:
1128:
1106:
1068:
1047:Chilean flamingo
1043:
1013:
992:Greater flamingo
988:
970:
969:
888:Greater flamingo
881:
880:
861:Chilean flamingo
854:
853:
811:James's flamingo
784:
783:
749:
748:
742:
741:
732:
731:
582:
579:
572:
561:
558:
551:
535:(phoinikopteros)
521:
518:
515:
511:
508:
505:
502:
490:
487:
484:
481:
475:
466:
463:
460:
457:
431:
401:Phoenicopteridae
392:) are a type of
391:
390:
387:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
333:
317:
286:
276:
266:
255:
234:
231:Phoenicopteridae
172:
171:
146:
130:
129:
66:
59:Temporal range:
53:
52:
46:Plastic flamingo
21:
6183:
6182:
6178:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6148:
6147:
6146:
6141:
6133:
6128:
6120:
6115:
6107:
6102:
6094:
6089:
6081:
6076:
6068:
6063:
6055:
6050:
6042:
6037:
6029:
6024:
6016:
6011:
6003:
5998:
5990:
5985:
5977:
5972:
5964:
5959:
5951:
5946:
5938:
5933:
5925:
5920:
5911:
5910:
5905:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5877:
5867:
5862:
5852:Andean flamingo
5821:
5817:Lesser flamingo
5801:
5796:
5790:
5784:
5778:
5771:
5741:
5736:
5648:
5642:
5634:
5626:
5625:Bucerotiformes
5619:(cuckoo-roller)
5618:
5610:
5602:
5594:
5586:
5578:
5577:Cathartiformes
5563:
5557:
5549:
5548:Psittaciformes
5541:
5533:
5518:
5512:
5511:Pelecaniformes
5504:
5496:
5488:
5480:
5472:
5457:
5451:
5450:Eurypygiformes
5443:
5428:
5422:
5414:
5399:
5393:
5378:
5372:
5354:
5339:
5333:
5325:
5317:
5289:
5283:
5275:
5260:
5254:
5253:Pterocliformes
5246:
5238:
5189:
5178:
5165:
5150:
5074:
5033:
4971:
4936:
4935:
4928:
4927:
4915:
4895:
4868:
4845:
4838:
4798:
4797:
4785:
4784:
4768:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4729:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4698:
4692:
4691:Casuariiformes
4684:
4683:Apterygiformes
4676:
4668:
4660:
4637:
4622:
4593:Lists by region
4561:
4471:
4464:
4405:Chaoyangiformes
4390:Jeholornithidae
4364:
4328:Origin of birds
4314:
4295:Brood parasites
4241:
4171:
4158:
4148:
4105:
4100:
4081:
4074:
4064:
4062:
4050:
4046:
4036:
4034:
4033:on 10 July 2012
4025:
4024:
4020:
4012:
4004:
4000:
3993:
3979:
3975:
3966:
3962:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3873:
3869:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3845:
3843:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3810:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3773:
3759:
3755:
3740:10.2307/1521484
3720:
3716:
3709:
3687:
3683:
3676:
3668:
3664:
3649:10.2307/1369487
3629:
3625:
3618:
3598:
3594:
3587:
3573:
3569:
3554:10.2307/1522160
3542:
3538:
3521:
3512:
3487:
3480:
3457:
3453:
3443:
3441:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3421:
3419:
3417:Saint Louis Zoo
3411:
3410:
3406:
3399:
3385:
3381:
3371:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3336:10.2307/2389827
3320:
3316:
3278:
3274:
3266:
3262:
3255:
3239:
3235:
3221:
3217:
3202:10.2307/3247726
3186:
3182:
3175:
3161:
3154:
3123:(5): 20160948.
3117:Biology Letters
3109:
3105:
3095:
3093:
3083:
3079:
3063:
3057:
3053:
3042:
3038:
3022:
3016:
3009:
2994:10.2307/1365355
2977:
2971:
2964:
2937:
2933:
2914:
2907:
2884:
2880:
2845:
2841:
2801:
2795:
2791:
2777:
2773:
2763:
2761:
2735:
2731:
2723:
2719:
2672:
2668:
2635:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2600:
2594:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2552:
2546:
2542:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2437:Biology Letters
2431:
2425:
2421:
2390:
2386:
2333:
2329:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2259:
2253:
2249:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2197:Biology Letters
2192:
2186:
2182:
2167:10.2307/1366077
2150:
2141:
2137:
2127:
2125:
2110:
2106:
2085:
2081:
2065:
2061:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2020:
2019:
2015:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1841:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1753:
1747:
1659:
1655:Natural History
1653:
1628:Natural History
1623:Pliny the Elder
1606:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1528:
1525:
1516:
1509:
1470:
1457:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1367:Wichita, Kansas
1323:
1310:Xenorhynchopsis
1270:(Brodkorb 1953)
1200:(Gervais, 1852)
1110:Andean flamingo
1017:Lesser flamingo
957:
952:
942:
933:
924:
836:
827:
791:Andean flamingo
759:Lesser flamingo
722:
680:
652:presbyornithids
589:
580:
573:
570:
559:
552:
549:
519:
516:
513:
509:
506:
503:
488:
485:
482:
464:
461:
458:
422:
420:
356:
352:
320:Xenorhynchopsis
233:
166:
137:
128:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
61:
60:
57:
49:
35:
28:
27:Family of birds
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6181:
6171:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6126:
6113:
6100:
6087:
6074:
6061:
6048:
6035:
6022:
6009:
5996:
5983:
5974:Fauna Europaea
5970:
5957:
5944:
5931:
5918:
5913:Phoenicopterus
5903:
5887:
5885:
5883:Phoenicopterus
5879:
5878:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5860:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5833:
5831:
5828:Phoenicopterus
5823:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5813:
5811:
5803:
5802:
5770:
5769:
5762:
5755:
5747:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5722:
5710:
5698:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5638:
5633:Coraciiformes
5630:
5622:
5614:
5609:Trogoniformes
5606:
5598:
5590:
5582:
5573:
5571:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5561:
5556:Passeriformes
5553:
5545:
5540:Falconiformes
5537:
5532:Cariamiformes
5528:
5526:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5508:
5500:
5495:Ciconiiformes
5492:
5484:
5476:
5467:
5465:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5447:
5438:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5426:
5418:
5409:
5407:
5405:Cursorimorphae
5401:
5400:
5398:
5397:
5388:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5349:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5329:
5321:
5312:
5310:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5279:
5270:
5268:
5266:Mirandornithes
5262:
5261:
5259:
5258:
5250:
5242:
5237:Columbiformes
5233:
5231:
5229:Columbimorphae
5222:
5213:
5203:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5195:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5182:
5174:
5169:
5164:Meleagridinae
5160:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5084:
5082:
5080:Odontophoridae
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5043:
5041:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4981:
4979:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4953:
4951:
4942:
4921:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4905:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4886:
4878:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4859:Stictonettinae
4856:
4854:Dendrocygninae
4851:
4850:
4849:
4842:
4830:
4829:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4807:
4805:
4788:
4775:
4732:
4704:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4688:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4655:
4653:
4639:
4638:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4607:Notable birds
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4557:Egg collecting
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4476:
4474:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4440:Hesperornithes
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4415:Ambiortiformes
4412:
4407:
4402:
4400:Enantiornithes
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4374:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4324:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4147:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4111:
4104:
4103:External links
4101:
4099:
4098:
4072:
4044:
4018:
3998:
3992:978-0500018026
3991:
3973:
3960:
3946:
3932:
3918:
3904:
3890:
3876:
3867:
3853:
3842:. 26 July 2010
3827:
3804:
3791:Basler Zeitung
3778:
3771:
3753:
3734:(2): 216â221.
3714:
3707:
3681:
3662:
3643:(3): 809â812.
3623:
3617:978-0312253776
3616:
3592:
3585:
3567:
3536:
3510:
3478:
3467:(5): 501â507.
3451:
3429:
3404:
3397:
3379:
3357:
3330:(3): 343â350.
3314:
3272:
3260:
3253:
3233:
3215:
3196:(4): 916â925.
3180:
3173:
3152:
3103:
3077:
3051:
3036:
3007:
2988:(4): 289â299.
2962:
2951:(2): 117â126.
2931:
2905:
2878:
2859:(3): 609â618.
2839:
2812:(4): 515â542.
2789:
2771:
2729:
2717:
2666:
2629:
2585:
2565:(2): 157â169.
2540:
2488:
2444:(4): 543â547.
2419:
2400:(1): 140â151.
2384:
2327:
2300:(3386): 1â11.
2281:
2247:
2203:(2): 275â278.
2180:
2161:(2): 155â179.
2135:
2104:
2079:
2059:
2038:
2026:Dictionary.com
2013:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1913:lawn ornaments
1905:
1895:
1884:
1868:
1840:
1837:
1787:
1745:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1681:
1651:
1605:
1602:
1560:
1557:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1538:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1519:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1469:
1466:
1456:
1453:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1306:
1295:
1284:
1273:
1262:
1251:
1244:Phoeniconotius
1240:
1225:
1214:
1203:
1192:
1174:
1173:
1139:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1081:High Andes in
1079:
1069:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1044:
1036:
1035:
1024:
1014:
1006:
1005:
1002:
999:
989:
981:
980:
977:
974:
961:Phoenicopterus
956:
953:
949:
948:
944:
943:
939:
938:
935:
934:
930:
929:
926:
925:
921:
920:
917:
916:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
884:
879:
877:
874:
873:
870:
869:
857:
852:
850:
847:Phoenicopterus
842:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
829:
828:
824:
823:
820:
819:
807:
804:
803:
800:
799:
787:
782:
780:
777:Phoenicoparrus
772:
771:
768:
767:
755:
747:
745:
740:
738:
730:
721:
718:
714:Mirandornithes
690:and flamingos.
679:
676:
630:Charles Sibley
598:Phoenicopterus
595:in 1831, with
588:
585:
565:Phoenicoparrus
526:, is from
524:Phoenicopterus
419:
416:
340:
339:
335:
334:
326:
325:
324:
323:
313:
310:Phoenicoparrus
306:
299:
296:Phoenicopterus
292:
289:Phoeniconotius
282:
272:
262:
248:
247:
241:
240:
228:
224:
223:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
160:
159:
148:
147:
139:
138:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
58:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6180:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6136:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6105:
6101:
6097:
6092:
6088:
6084:
6079:
6075:
6071:
6066:
6062:
6058:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6040:
6036:
6032:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5975:
5971:
5967:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5923:
5919:
5914:
5908:
5904:
5899:
5893:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5876:
5871:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5818:
5815:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5808:Phoeniconaias
5804:
5799:
5793:
5787:
5781:
5775:
5768:
5763:
5761:
5756:
5754:
5749:
5748:
5745:
5733:
5732:
5723:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5645:
5639:
5637:
5631:
5629:
5623:
5621:
5615:
5613:
5607:
5605:
5599:
5597:
5593:Strigiformes
5591:
5589:
5583:
5581:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5570:
5566:
5560:
5554:
5552:
5546:
5544:
5538:
5536:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5525:
5521:
5515:
5509:
5507:
5501:
5499:
5493:
5491:
5485:
5483:
5477:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5454:
5448:
5446:
5444:(tropicbirds)
5440:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5417:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5406:
5402:
5396:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5375:
5369:
5367:
5366:Podargiformes
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5342:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5322:
5320:
5316:Cuculiformes
5314:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5286:
5280:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5263:
5257:
5251:
5249:
5243:
5241:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5142:
5140:
5139:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5107:
5105:
5104:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5014:Macrocephalon
5011:
5009:
5008:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4946:
4943:
4939:
4932:
4926:
4922:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4901:Anseranatidae
4898:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4843:
4841:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4772:
4766:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4709:
4705:
4695:
4689:
4687:
4681:
4679:
4675:Tinamiformes
4673:
4671:
4665:
4663:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4652:
4651:Palaeognathae
4648:
4644:
4640:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4537:Pigeon racing
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4467:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4379:Archaeopteryx
4376:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4174:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4145:
4140:
4138:
4133:
4131:
4126:
4125:
4122:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4079:
4077:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4048:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4011:
4010:
4002:
3994:
3988:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3964:
3956:
3950:
3942:
3936:
3928:
3922:
3914:
3908:
3900:
3894:
3886:
3880:
3871:
3863:
3857:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3815:
3808:
3792:
3788:
3782:
3774:
3772:9780688094119
3768:
3764:
3757:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3718:
3710:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3694:
3685:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3627:
3619:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3596:
3588:
3582:
3578:
3571:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3498:9780862992668
3495:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3455:
3439:
3433:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3400:
3398:9780688094119
3394:
3390:
3383:
3367:
3361:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3318:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3256:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3237:
3230:
3229:
3228:Wichita Eagle
3224:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3184:
3176:
3174:9780688094119
3170:
3166:
3159:
3157:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3107:
3092:
3088:
3081:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3047:
3040:
3032:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3012:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2967:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2935:
2928:(1): 207â225.
2927:
2923:
2919:
2912:
2910:
2901:
2897:
2894:(2): 95â104.
2893:
2889:
2882:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2633:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2590:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2551:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2492:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2380:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2331:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2083:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2042:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1962:
1949:
1948:
1941:
1937:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1888:national bird
1885:
1883:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1792:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1689:
1686:
1683:230: boiled;
1682:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1666:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1615:
1610:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1565:
1555:
1542:
1535:
1530:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1465:
1462:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1422:
1421:Massachusetts
1418:
1414:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:beta-carotene
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:wing clipping
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1303:(Miller 1944)
1301:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1259:(Miller 1963)
1257:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1222:(De Vis 1905)
1220:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:Africa (e.g.
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
990:
987:
983:
982:
975:
972:
971:
968:
966:
962:
946:
945:
937:
936:
928:
927:
919:
918:
915:
913:
909:
903:
902:
899:
898:
895:
893:
889:
883:
882:
876:
875:
872:
871:
868:
866:
862:
856:
855:
849:
848:
844:
843:
840:
839:
831:
830:
822:
821:
818:
816:
812:
806:
805:
802:
801:
798:
796:
792:
786:
785:
779:
778:
774:
773:
770:
769:
766:
764:
760:
754:
753:Phoeniconaias
751:
750:
744:
743:
737:
734:
733:
729:
727:
717:
715:
712:
708:
703:
701:
697:
689:
684:
675:
673:
669:
665:
662:, along with
661:
657:
653:
649:
648:
644:of the genus
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
612:, probably a
611:
610:Ciconiiformes
606:
604:
600:
599:
594:
584:
577:
568:
566:
556:
547:
545:
544:Phoeniconaias
540:
536:
533:ÏÎżÎčÎœÎčÎșÏÏÏΔÏÎżÏ
532:
529:
528:Ancient Greek
525:
501:
496:
495:
480:
474:
470:
462:flame-colored
456:
452:
448:
444:
436:
415:
412:
410:
406:
402:
399:
395:
389:
350:
346:
336:
332:
327:
322:
321:
314:
312:
311:
307:
305:
304:
303:Phoeniconaias
300:
298:
297:
293:
291:
290:
283:
281:
280:
273:
271:
270:
269:Harrisonarvis
263:
260:
259:
252:
251:
249:
246:
242:
237:
232:
229:
226:
225:
222:
219:
216:
215:
212:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
175:
170:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
134:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
65:
54:
51:
47:
43:
41:
40:Pink Flamingo
33:
19:
5882:
5826:
5806:
5773:
5729:
5717:
5705:
5693:
5603:(mousebirds)
5601:Coliiformes
5471:Gaviiformes
5463:Aequornithes
5371:Apodiformes
5332:Otidiformes
5308:Otidimorphae
5273:
5255:(sandgrouse)
5177:Phasianinae
5143:
5136:
5129:
5124:Odontophorus
5122:
5115:
5108:
5101:
5094:
5087:
5067:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5026:
5019:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4991:
4984:
4962:Oreophasinae
4908:
4888:
4881:
4786:(waterfowls)
4782:Anseriformes
4532:Cockfighting
4517:Conservation
4512:Bird feeding
4500:Birdwatching
4490:Ornithomancy
4430:Gansuiformes
4377:
4370:Fossil birds
4260:Intelligence
4092:
4088:
4063:. Retrieved
4057:
4047:
4035:. Retrieved
4031:the original
4021:
4008:
4001:
3982:
3976:
3968:
3963:
3949:
3935:
3921:
3907:
3893:
3879:
3870:
3856:
3844:. Retrieved
3839:
3830:
3818:. Retrieved
3807:
3795:. Retrieved
3790:
3781:
3762:
3756:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3692:
3684:
3672:
3665:
3640:
3636:
3626:
3602:
3595:
3576:
3570:
3545:
3539:
3523:
3489:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3442:. Retrieved
3432:
3420:. Retrieved
3416:
3407:
3388:
3382:
3370:. Retrieved
3360:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3289:
3285:
3275:
3263:
3243:
3236:
3226:
3218:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3164:
3120:
3116:
3106:
3094:. Retrieved
3090:
3080:
3071:
3067:
3054:
3045:
3039:
3030:
3026:
2985:
2981:
2948:
2944:
2934:
2925:
2921:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2809:
2805:
2792:
2782:
2774:
2762:. Retrieved
2742:
2732:
2720:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2632:
2620:. Retrieved
2608:
2604:
2576:. Retrieved
2562:
2556:
2543:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2472:the original
2441:
2435:
2422:
2397:
2393:
2387:
2344:
2340:
2330:
2297:
2284:
2272:. Retrieved
2267:
2263:
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2231:the original
2200:
2196:
2183:
2158:
2154:
2138:
2126:. Retrieved
2122:the original
2117:
2107:
2089:
2082:
2072:
2062:
2051:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2025:
2016:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1945:
1940:
1902:tuberculosis
1878:
1854:, Lima, Peru
1852:Larco Museum
1816:nightingales
1813:
1808:prophylactic
1797:
1790:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1766:
1755:
1749:
1707:
1698:
1693:
1678:wood pigeons
1669:
1661:
1654:
1634:
1626:
1619:
1614:Bardo Museum
1599:
1591:Adelaide Zoo
1581:
1570:
1559:In captivity
1497:
1482:
1475:
1471:
1458:
1450:
1433:brine shrimp
1426:
1386:
1382:
1371:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1347:RĂo Lagartos
1308:
1297:
1286:
1275:
1264:
1253:
1242:
1234:
1227:
1216:
1205:
1196:Harrisonavis
1194:
1182:
1177:
1135:
1113:
1075:
1050:
1020:
995:
960:
958:
911:
906:
891:
886:
864:
859:
845:
814:
809:
794:
789:
775:
762:
757:
752:
723:
704:
693:
645:
642:feather lice
614:paraphyletic
607:
596:
590:
569:which means
563:
553:crimson/red
548:which means
542:
534:
531:
523:
492:
442:
440:
413:
409:Afro-Eurasia
400:
348:
344:
343:
318:
308:
301:
294:
287:
277:
267:
256:
230:
155:
50:
39:
6013:iNaturalist
5907:Wikispecies
5731:WikiProject
5641:Piciformes
5524:Australaves
5503:Suliformes
5421:Gruiformes
5276:(flamingos)
5185:Tetraoninae
5156:Phasianidae
5145:Rhynchortyx
5110:Dactylortyx
4977:Megapodidae
4967:Penelopinae
4925:Galliformes
4667:Rheiformes
4661:(ostriches)
4611:individuals
4485:Ornithology
4472:interaction
4227:Preen gland
4027:"Flamingos"
3461:Zoo Biology
3444:22 February
3422:22 February
3312:, page 409.
3074:(2): 77â82.
3048:(124): 1â4.
2764:18 December
2743:www.hbw.com
2481:15 November
2128:15 November
1925:Miami Beach
1892:the Bahamas
1793:71, Book 13
1791:Epigrammata
1748:Suetonius,
1541:Lake Nakuru
1442:carotenoids
1429:filter-feed
1321:Description
1314:De Vis 1905
1292:Miller 1963
1281:Howard 1955
1248:Miller 1963
1207:Leakeyornis
1160:, northern
1148:, southern
700:palaelodids
638:parasitized
555:water nymph
445:comes from
394:wading bird
279:Leakeyornis
6152:Categories
5481:(penguins)
5334:(bustards)
5172:Perdicinae
5117:Dendrortyx
5089:Callipepla
5021:Megapodius
4986:Aepypodius
4864:Tadorninae
4846:true geese
4677:(tinamous)
4636:Neornithes
4547:Pheasantry
4522:Aviculture
4290:Incubation
4280:Lek mating
4065:9 February
3820:31 January
3637:The Condor
3532:140813750X
3190:The Condor
3096:9 December
3033:: 199â205.
2982:The Condor
2784:News-Press
2578:3 November
2274:3 November
2240:31 October
2048:"flamingo"
1982:(36): 36.
1958:References
1800:Elagabalus
1552:See also:
1478:pair bonds
1468:Life cycle
1156:, coastal
1056:New World
1001:Old World
668:sandgrouse
622:spoonbills
603:type genus
557:(or naiad)
447:Portuguese
349:flamingoes
62:25â0
18:Flamingoes
6158:Flamingos
5774:Flamingos
5550:(parrots)
5394:(hoatzin)
5345:Strisores
5326:(turacos)
5318:(cuckoos)
5247:(mesites)
5166:(turkeys)
5138:Philortyx
5055:Agelastes
5048:Acryllium
5039:Numididae
5028:Talegalla
4938:gamebirds
4931:landfowls
4910:Anseranas
4874:Anhimidae
4833:Anserinae
4616:fictional
4338:dinosaurs
4333:Theropoda
4320:Evolution
4265:Migration
4247:Behaviour
3524:Flamingos
3506:246861013
3490:Flamingos
3368:. Pbs.org
2759:226397475
2686:(1): 36.
2622:12 August
2617:1098-660X
2611:: 59â64.
2314:2246/2875
1828:partridge
1718:pheasants
1701:Vitellius
1695:Suetonius
1595:Australia
1577:Zoo Basel
1489:prolactin
1485:crop milk
1413:Stone Zoo
1233:Cheneval
1166:Venezuela
1142:Caribbean
1095:Argentina
726:cladogram
720:Phylogeny
656:waterfowl
647:Anaticola
634:waterfowl
469:Provençal
441:The name
418:Etymology
345:Flamingos
236:Bonaparte
187:Kingdom:
181:Eukaryota
156:P. jamesi
133:Oligocene
56:Flamingos
5953:45511320
5892:Wikidata
5695:Category
5569:Afroaves
5497:(storks)
5299:Passerea
5284:(grebes)
5220:Columbea
5131:Oreortyx
5103:Cyrtonyx
4993:Alectura
4957:Cracinae
4949:Cracidae
4826:Oxyurini
4816:Aythyini
4811:Anatinae
4795:Anatidae
4542:Falconry
4505:big year
4360:Seabirds
4270:Foraging
4217:Feathers
4037:30 March
3797:21 March
3763:Flamingo
3389:Flamingo
3372:30 March
3352:87349325
3165:Flamingo
3147:28539457
3091:BBC News
2873:18198929
2826:16221327
2712:24580860
2643:: Aves)"
2527:18583609
2468:17148284
2414:15022765
2379:25504713
2322:59147935
2270:(3): 587
2227:17148381
2099:2246/830
2070:(1831).
2008:24580860
1788:â
1746:â
1730:triremes
1726:lampreys
1722:peacocks
1699:Life of
1652:â
1647:epicures
1446:plankton
1417:Stoneham
1158:Colombia
1030:) to NW
660:Columbea
500:flamenco
455:flamengo
443:flamingo
433:Captive
227:Family:
201:Chordata
197:Phylum:
191:Animalia
177:Domain:
135:â Recent
6130:ZooBank
6031:1095184
6005:2481102
5788:·
5707:Commons
5211:Neoaves
5096:Colinus
5062:Guttera
5000:Eulipoa
4821:Mergini
4685:(kiwis)
4669:(rheas)
4480:Ringing
4305:Hybrids
4300:Nesting
4255:Singing
4232:Plumage
4207:Dactyly
4177:Anatomy
4167:Outline
4157:: Aves)
3846:13 July
3748:1521484
3657:1369487
3562:1522160
3344:2389827
3294:Bibcode
3210:3247726
3138:5454233
3002:1365355
2888:Ostrich
2834:9256162
2703:4016592
2535:6472805
2507:Bibcode
2499:Science
2459:1834003
2370:4405904
2349:Bibcode
2341:Science
2218:1618896
2175:1366077
1999:4016592
1921:Florida
1830:-eggs,
1824:mullets
1820:viscera
1761:epigram
1757:Martial
1738:Spanish
1736:to the
1734:Parthia
1714:Minerva
1643:Apicius
1583:Greater
1513:arcuate
1396:Feeding
1378:Captive
1184:Elornis
1150:Florida
1091:Bolivia
976:Species
955:Species
672:mesites
624:of the
601:as the
539:crimson
537: '
517:Flemish
507:Fleming
473:flamenc
451:Spanish
437:feeding
396:in the
258:Elornis
217:Order:
207:Class:
6122:206327
6083:443649
6044:174975
5966:1PHNIG
5898:Q41994
5791:family
5719:Portal
5595:(owls)
5069:Numida
5007:Leipoa
4890:Chauna
4883:Anhima
4578:Genera
4552:Imping
4470:Human
4310:Colony
4237:Vision
4222:Flight
3989:
3769:
3746:
3705:
3655:
3614:
3583:
3560:
3530:
3504:
3496:
3395:
3350:
3342:
3251:
3208:
3171:
3145:
3135:
3000:
2871:
2832:
2824:
2757:
2710:
2700:
2615:
2533:
2525:
2466:
2456:
2412:
2377:
2367:
2320:
2225:
2215:
2173:
2155:Condor
2006:
1996:
1898:Andean
1832:thrush
1804:camels
1741:strait
1685:parrot
1237:. 1991
1162:Brazil
1154:Belize
1146:Mexico
709:, the
696:grebes
688:grebes
670:, and
618:ibises
562:, and
398:family
245:Genera
238:, 1831
6117:WoRMS
6104:Plazi
6096:39594
6026:IRMNG
5979:96677
5779:order
4839:swans
4801:ducks
4771:fowls
4566:Lists
4190:Brain
4155:class
4151:Birds
4013:(PDF)
3744:JSTOR
3677:(PDF)
3653:JSTOR
3608:524â7
3558:JSTOR
3348:S2CID
3340:JSTOR
3206:JSTOR
3064:(PDF)
3023:(PDF)
2998:JSTOR
2978:(PDF)
2869:S2CID
2830:S2CID
2802:(PDF)
2755:S2CID
2601:(PDF)
2553:(PDF)
2531:S2CID
2475:(PDF)
2432:(PDF)
2318:S2CID
2294:(PDF)
2260:(PDF)
2234:(PDF)
2193:(PDF)
2171:JSTOR
2151:(PDF)
2031:1 May
1932:Notes
1861:Moche
1848:Moche
1768:Latin
1636:Latin
1423:, USA
1235:et al
1087:Chile
1032:India
973:Image
711:taxon
707:clade
664:doves
530:
486:flame
479:flama
131:Late
6070:9216
6065:NCBI
6039:ITIS
6018:4256
6000:GBIF
5961:EPPO
5940:6NVS
5927:3393
5922:BOLD
4212:Eggs
4200:milk
4195:Crop
4185:Beak
4067:2010
4039:2013
3987:ISBN
3848:2020
3822:2014
3799:2010
3767:ISBN
3703:ISBN
3612:ISBN
3581:ISBN
3528:ISBN
3502:OCLC
3494:ISBN
3446:2021
3424:2021
3393:ISBN
3374:2013
3249:ISBN
3169:ISBN
3143:PMID
3098:2009
2822:PMID
2766:2019
2708:PMID
2624:2009
2613:ISSN
2580:2009
2523:PMID
2483:2009
2464:PMID
2410:PMID
2375:PMID
2276:2009
2242:2009
2223:PMID
2130:2009
2033:2022
2004:PMID
1870:The
1865:Peru
1720:and
1710:Rome
1435:and
1168:and
1093:and
1083:Peru
724:The
620:and
576:omen
494:-ing
211:Aves
70:Preê
6052:NBN
5948:EoL
5935:CoL
3840:BBC
3736:doi
3726:".
3699:271
3645:doi
3550:doi
3469:doi
3332:doi
3302:doi
3290:240
3198:doi
3133:PMC
3125:doi
3031:264
2990:doi
2953:doi
2896:doi
2861:doi
2814:doi
2747:doi
2698:PMC
2688:doi
2655:doi
2651:196
2567:doi
2563:140
2515:doi
2503:320
2454:PMC
2446:doi
2402:doi
2365:PMC
2357:doi
2345:346
2310:hdl
2302:doi
2264:Auk
2213:PMC
2205:doi
2163:doi
2095:hdl
1994:PMC
1984:doi
1890:of
1875:Set
1822:of
1593:in
1575:at
1431:on
1415:in
965:HBW
640:by
512:or
449:or
347:or
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