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of a field of yellow. The colors shall be the red and yellow of old Spain. The proportion of the flag shall be a width of two-thirds its length. The sun symbol shall be one-third of the length of the flag. Said symbol shall have four groups of rays set at right angles; each group shall consist of four rays, the two inner rays of the group shall be one-fifth longer than the outer rays of the group. The diameter of the circle in the center of the symbol shall be one-third of the width of the symbol. Said flag shall conform in color and design described herein.
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The symbol was used without the permission of the Zia people, and they have fought to prevent it from being used without their permission, including via attempting to copyright it, during and after its adoption as a symbol of the state, and due to concerns over desecration of the symbol. A 2012 joint
370:
That a flag be and the same is hereby adopted to be used on all occasions when the state is officially and publicly represented, with the privilege of use by all citizens upon such occasions as they may deem fitting and appropriate. Said flag shall be the ancient Zia sun symbol of red in the center
270:
in the upper left corner, the words "New Mexico" in silver lettering in the center of the flag, the number "47" in the upper right corner (in reference to New Mexico being the 47th state), and the state seal in the bottom right corner (which in some historical references is wrapped with the words
219:
The proportions of the symbol are fixed by New Mexico law: the four groups of rays are set at right angles, with the two inner rays one-fifth longer than the outer rays, and the diameter of the circle in the center is one-third the width of the symbol.
340:
memorial by the state and the Zia people later acknowledged the state had appropriated the image without permission. Due to its longstanding use, the symbol is now unlikely to be eligible for copyright, falling into the
American
292:(DAR) called for the creation of an official flag that would reflect the state's unique heritage and culture. A statewide contest was held in 1923 to solicit new designs. Eventually, a design made by Dr. Harry Mera of
336:. Four is a sacred number symbolizing the Circle of Life: the four directions, the four times of day, the four stages of life, and the four seasons; the circle binds these four elements of four together.
332:
on a 19th century pottery jar (which was later revealed to have been taken from a tribal secret society by James and
Matilda Stevenson in the 1890s). The symbol has sacred meaning to the indigenous
347:
The salutation, "I salute the flag of the State of New Mexico and the Zia symbol of perfect friendship among united cultures", is commonly recited in New Mexico public schools after the
1366:
344:, which remains a point of contention between the state and the Zia people, as the tribe was unaware of the specifics of such laws at the time the symbol was co-opted.
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The New Mexico flag is among the most unique and iconic in the U.S., and has been noted for its simple and aesthetically pleasing design. It is one of four
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258:, featured an exhibit hall where all U.S. state flags were displayed; lacking an official flag, New Mexico displayed an unofficial one designed by
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signed legislation proclaiming the Mera design the official state flag, which remains in use and unchanged to this day.
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also has no blue, although it is partially white, making the New Mexico flag the only U.S. flag without blue or white.
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I salute the flag of the state of New Mexico, the Zia symbol of perfect friendship among united cultures.
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Saludo la bandera del estado de Nuevo MĂ©xico, el sĂmbolo zia de amistad perfecta, entre culturas unidas.
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271:"The Sunshine State"). As of 2005, the only known Twitchell flag in existence was displayed at the
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A reconstruction of New Mexico's unofficial state flag, used in the 1915 San Diego World's Fair
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The New Mexico flag was rated first in a 2001 survey of 72 U.S. and
Canadian flags by the
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During its first thirteen years as a state, New Mexico did not have an official flag. The
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783:"Indigenous Knowledge Misappropriation: The Case Of The Zia Sun Symbol Explained At WIPO"
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New Mexico Flag Hasn't Always Had a Zia Symbol; Earliest
Version Boasted Quartz Crystals
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Flag of the
Neomexicano Tercios Morados Viejos division (old murrey or purpure) during
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Edward B. Kaye (2001). "Good Flag, Bad Flag, and the Great NAVA Flag Survey of 2001".
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266:. Known as the "Twitchell flag", it consisted of a blue field with the
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212:) and the only one among the four without the color white. Along with
633:"State Flag | Maggie Toulouse Oliver - New Mexico Secretary of State"
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Dr. Mera was a physician and archaeologist who was familiar with the
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The pledge to the state flag is available in
English and Spanish:
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and sewn by his wife Reba Mera was selected. In 1925, Governor
177:, who have ancient roots in the state, with the colors of the
877:"Fast-attack Submarine USS New Mexico (SSN 779) Virtual Tour"
508:
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The flag is worn on uniforms by sailors aboard the submarine
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101:
580:"flag of New Mexico | United States state flag | Britannica"
161:. It was officially adopted in March 15, 1925 to highlight
758:"How a sacred emblem became New Mexico's state symbol"
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New Mexico
Statutes and Court Rules, Section 12-3-7
495:flags contain state seals depicting Native people.
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568:. North American Vexillological Association.
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366:The flag is officially defined in law as:
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356:North American Vexillological Association
965:Flags of the U.S. states and territories
810:"Using the Zia symbol - with permission"
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605:"List of US state flags and territories"
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185:, which had established and ruled over “
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404:U.S. and New Mexican flags flying near
288:In 1920, the New Mexico chapter of the
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1420:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
986:Flags of counties of the United States
808:Montoya, Stephen (December 27, 2018).
755:
528:
526:
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451:Great Seal of the State of New Mexico
421:New Mexico Statutes and Court Rules,
376:New Mexico Statutes and Court Rules,
193:” for over two and a half centuries.
981:Flags of cities of the United States
668:
290:Daughters of the American Revolution
173:heritage: it combines the symbol of
913:New Mexico Statutes and Court Rules
898:New Mexico Statutes and Court Rules
863:New Mexico Statutes and Court Rules
563:"2001 State/Provincial Flag Survey"
523:
200:without the color blue (along with
13:
518:The Flag Book of the United States
349:United States pledge of allegiance
262:, the mayor of the state capital,
14:
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2259:1925 establishments in New Mexico
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731:"Zia's Symbol, New Mexico's Flag"
678:Nathanson, Rick (June 14, 2005).
2232:
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1449:
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756:Harlow, Olivia (March 3, 2019).
561:Edward B. Kaye (June 10, 2001).
520:by Whitney Smith (1970), p. 174.
476:flag of the District of Columbia
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836:Raven: A Journal of Vexillology
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2054:List of counties in New Mexico
1323:Federated States of Micronesia
719:History of the New Mexico flag
708:New Mexico's First Flag (U.S.)
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252:San Diego World's Fair of 1915
1:
1367:Unofficial flags of the USMOI
538:New Mexico Secretary of State
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991:Timeline of U.S. state flags
116:in red on a field of yellow.
7:
971:, other political divisions
787:Intellectual Property Watch
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1850:Sangre de Cristo Mountains
1425:Ryukyu Islands (1950–1972)
1395:Philippines (Commonwealth)
307:State flag (1925-present)
279:Second flag (1925-present)
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141:, also referred to as the
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2264:Flags introduced in 1925
1546:Census-designated places
1294:Northern Mariana Islands
929:New Mexico state symbols
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1863:Southwestern New Mexico
1435:West Florida (Republic)
682:. Albuquerque Journal.
273:Palace of the Governors
260:Ralph Emerson Twitchell
139:the state of New Mexico
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256:admission to the union
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84:; 99 years ago
2274:Symbols of New Mexico
2239:New Mexico portal
1400:California (Republic)
915:, State of New Mexico
900:, State of New Mexico
865:, State of New Mexico
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328:, initially found at
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2279:Red and yellow flags
1355:Iroquois Confederacy
1810:Northern New Mexico
1671:Tourist attractions
1304:U.S. Virgin Islands
885:. November 8, 2020.
848:10.5840/raven200182
814:Albuquerque Journal
789:. December 11, 2018
665:, by Rick Nathanson
82:March 15, 1925
23:
22:State of New Mexico
1845:Shortgrass prairie
1790:Eastern New Mexico
1770:Central New Mexico
1654:Pueblos and Tribes
1430:Vermont (Republic)
1385:Confederate States
1319:Associated states
911:"Section 12-3-7",
896:"Section 12-3-3",
861:"Section 12-3-2",
661:2021-03-04 at the
584:www.britannica.com
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153:sun symbol of the
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1800:Manzano Mountains
1780:Chihuahuan Desert
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1405:Maine (1901–1909)
298:Arthur T. Hannett
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1637:New Mexico music
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121:Designed by
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284:1920 Redesign
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275:in Santa Fe.
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159:gold (yellow)
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2026:Sunland Park
1855:Wheeler Peak
1732:Homelessness
1707:Demographics
1661:Paleontology
1644:New Mexicans
1625:World War II
1593:Nuevo MĂ©xico
1521:
1459:
1447:
1299:Puerto Rico
1207:South Dakota
1197:Rhode Island
1192:Pennsylvania
1172:North Dakota
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817:. Retrieved
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691:. Retrieved
636:. Retrieved
612:. Retrieved
608:
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587:. Retrieved
583:
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541:. Retrieved
537:
534:"State Flag"
517:
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189:Nuevo MĂ©xico
142:
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133:
18:
2016:Silver City
1886:Albuquerque
1737:LGBT rights
1573:Delegations
1350:Hopi Nation
1276:Territories
1122:Mississippi
1037:Connecticut
693:January 11,
638:December 2,
614:January 11,
589:December 2,
2253:Categories
2180:San Miguel
2165:Rio Arriba
2135:Los Alamos
2060:Bernalillo
1996:Rio Rancho
1971:Los Alamos
1961:Las Cruces
1936:Farmington
1906:Bloomfield
1881:Alamogordo
1820:Rio Grande
1742:Literature
1583:Government
1556:Bizcochito
1513:New Mexico
1237:Washington
1157:New Mexico
1152:New Jersey
1027:California
735:El Palacio
543:August 27,
503:References
388:New Mexico
334:Zia people
330:Zia Pueblo
246:First flag
206:California
167:Indigenous
147:State flag
89:1925-03-15
71:Proportion
50:state flag
2170:Roosevelt
2110:Guadalupe
2036:Tucumcari
1981:Lovington
1976:Los Lunas
1966:Las Vegas
1722:Elections
1717:Education
1620:Civil War
1605:Landmarks
1598:Territory
1578:Geography
1526:(capital)
1247:Wisconsin
1212:Tennessee
1117:Minnesota
1092:Louisiana
842:: 11–38.
819:April 20,
793:April 20,
767:April 20,
741:April 20,
688:324325677
386:USS
268:U.S. flag
234:New Spain
163:the state
155:Zia tribe
124:Reba Mera
2220:Valencia
2210:Torrance
2190:Santa Fe
2185:Sandoval
2175:San Juan
2145:McKinley
2095:Doña Ana
2046:Counties
2011:Santa Fe
1986:Portales
1956:Kirtland
1931:Española
1921:Corrales
1911:Carlsbad
1747:Politics
1727:Gun laws
1692:Abortion
1649:Hispanos
1610:Military
1523:Santa Fe
1454:Category
1377:Historic
1232:Virginia
1182:Oklahoma
1162:New York
1137:Nebraska
1127:Missouri
1112:Michigan
1102:Maryland
1087:Kentucky
1067:Illinois
1042:Delaware
1032:Colorado
1022:Arkansas
684:ProQuest
659:Archived
445:See also
437:—
419:—
374:—
362:Adoption
294:Santa Fe
264:Santa Fe
214:Oklahoma
210:Maryland
171:Hispanic
2200:Socorro
2130:Lincoln
2120:Hidalgo
2115:Harding
2090:De Baca
2021:Socorro
2006:Ruidoso
2001:Roswell
1901:Artesia
1757:Regions
1712:Economy
1685:Society
1666:Symbols
1588:History
1568:Culture
1551:Cuisine
1252:Wyoming
1227:Vermont
1132:Montana
1072:Indiana
1052:Georgia
1047:Florida
1017:Arizona
1007:Alabama
882:YouTube
493:Florida
396:Pledge
224:History
202:Alabama
145:, is a
136:flag of
108:of old
87: (
79:Adopted
2195:Sierra
2080:Colfax
2075:Cibola
2070:Chaves
2065:Catron
1946:Grants
1941:Gallup
1926:Deming
1916:Clovis
1873:Cities
1533:Topics
1466:Portal
1187:Oregon
1142:Nevada
1082:Kansas
1057:Hawaii
1012:Alaska
1000:States
737:. 2012
686:
406:Deming
208:, and
97:Design
2215:Union
2155:Otero
2105:Grant
2085:Curry
2052:See:
1991:Raton
1951:Hobbs
1896:Aztec
1702:Crime
1632:Music
1561:Chile
1541:Index
1509:State
1333:Palau
1313:Other
1217:Texas
1097:Maine
1062:Idaho
566:(PDF)
462:Notes
110:Spain
46:Civil
2205:Taos
2160:Quay
2150:Mora
2140:Luna
2100:Eddy
2031:Taos
1390:Cuba
1289:Guam
1222:Utah
1177:Ohio
1077:Iowa
821:2023
795:2023
769:2023
743:2023
695:2023
640:2022
616:2021
591:2022
545:2022
491:and
487:The
474:The
169:and
134:The
104:and
100:The
48:and
2125:Lea
1511:of
844:doi
165:'s
151:red
102:red
74:2:3
41:Use
2255::
967:,
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670:^
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1888:(
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91:)
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