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missions. They were small communities, centers of
Spanish religious and economic life, and a permanent intrusion into Pueblo ways and beliefs. Here the clash of faiths, customs, and people was immediate, personal, and sometimes bitter and violent. At missions across New Mexico, Franciscan priests baptized thousands of Native Americans in the 1600s, mostly Pueblo people. The missionaries commanded new converts to take part in Catholic services and rituals. They also destroyed Pueblo religious objects, banned ceremonies, and persecuted holy men. Despite the spread of
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Some pueblos were friendly to the foreigners, but after cultural differences and the banishment of local religions, tensions against the
Spanish rose significantly. After compounding misdeeds and overbearing taxes by the Spanish invaders, the indigenous communities rebelled in what is now referred to
859:
In 1590-1591, an order had arrived from Spain requiring all expeditions to be authorized by the crown. However, Lieutenant
Governor Gaspar Castano de Sosa of Nuevo Leon launched an expedition on his own authority. He planned to start a colony in New Mexico and persuade the viceroy to accept it after
1397:
There was
Francisco de Ibarra, a great seeker after gold mines. In 1563 he went far to the north ... when he returned south, Ibarra boasted that he had discovered a New Mexico. Doubtless, like others, he stretched the tale, and certainly the land of which he told was well south of the one now so
920:
were established during the early 17th century with varying degrees of success and failure, oftentimes building directly atop ancient pueblo ruins, and in the centers of pueblos. The encounter between different worlds--Native and
Spanish--took place all across New Mexico, but especially at the
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both proposed that New Mexico immediately become a state to sidestep political conflict over slavery in the territories. The already established rule of law which had passed from New Spain and Mexico within New Mexico already outlawed slavery, as was the legal precedent with
907:
from New Spain in an original agreement made in 1595, but the terms failed when the
Viceroy changed hands in 1596. After a two-year delay and lengthy vetting by the new viceroy, Oñate was finally allowed to cross the Rio Grande River into modern-day Texas and New Mexico.
899:, whom they had previously conquered, lay to the north in the unexplored territory, the major goal was to spread Catholicism. Other expeditions had taken place before Oñate's 1598 expedition. He was unable to find any riches, however. As governor, he mingled with the
960:, the Nuevo México Province was removed from the oversight of the Viceroy and placed solely in the jurisdiction of the new commandant general. This caused much unrest, due to the sudden lack of representation in Santa Fe for the region of Nuevo México.
933:
of 1680. This rebellion saw the
Spanish expelled from Nuevo México for a period of 12 years, and the pueblo people were able to regain lost lands. In 1692, they returned to battle against the Spanish, who sought restoration of the conquered holdings.
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3006:
667:, encompassing an area that included most of the present-day American state of New Mexico and sections of Texas, Colorado, Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle. Actual Spanish settlements were centered at
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In the hope of seeing in my time another spiritual conquest like that of , I set out ... in search of the New Mexico, of which there has been word, although unverified, ever since we came to this land
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people and was responsible for the establishment of
Spanish rule in the area. Oñate served as the first governor of the Nuevo México Province from 1598 to 1610. He hoped to make it a separate
1561:
845:. The disappearance of Estevanico in the region prompted future expeditions to be more heavily armed, and far more cautious. 1540-1542 with Marcos de Niza's tales in mind,
19:
This article is about the
Spanish provincial kingdom and former Mexican territory. For the capital of modern New Mexico and the second capital of this kingdom, see
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In 1581-1582, Fray
Augustin Rodriguez, two other friars, and a few soldiers and servants walked across much of present-day New Mexico seeking converts.
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Texas accepted $ 10 million in exchange for its claim to areas within and north of the present boundaries of New Mexico and the Texas panhandle.
1641:
957:
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began the most ambitious expedition. Fears caused by rumors surrounding Estevanico's disappearance eventually led to tensions underlying the
853:. In two years, the Coronado expedition journeyed from present-day Mexico throughout the Southwest United States and as far east as Kansas.
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is often incorrectly believed to have taken its name from the post-independent nation of Mexico. But as early as 1561 (260 years before
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Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón (2006). Namala, Doris; Lockhart, James; Schroeder, Susan (eds.).
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had been annexed under U.S. military occupation in September 1846, after the surrender by Mexican interim governor
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829:. For 8 years they wandered across what is today northern Mexico and the Southwest United States. In 1539, Fray
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1985:
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627:, dated to 1609, makes this identification explicit, describing how the Mexica left "their home there in Old
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999:, ostensibly for trade but with hopes of occupying the claimed area, but the expedition was captured by
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995:, which won its independence in 1836. This claim was disputed by Mexico. In 1841, the Texans sent the
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Reino del Nuevo México "Water Democracies on the Upper Rio Grande, 1598–1998" by José A. Rivera from
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across the province, Pueblo men and women worshiped in secret and their traditional faith endured.
679:. Except for the first decade of the province's existence, its capital was in the foothills of the
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to the north before their migration to Mexico centuries prior. The Nahuatl-language history of the
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to survey the region. Though the Spanish believed that cities of gold such as Tenochtitlan of the
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Texas continued to claim the eastern part, but never succeeded in establishing control except in
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inchan yn ompa huehue mexico aztlan quinehuayan chicomoztoc yn axcan quitocayotia yancuic mexico
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Ancestry records for the Spanish Kingdom of New Mexico and the Mexican province of New Mexico
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achieved the reoccupation of Santa Fe. The province came under the jurisdiction of the
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was established, and Mexico recognized its loss to the United States in 1848 with the
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the fact. Pursued through New Mexico, he was arrested and taken back to Mexico City.
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1802:
651:
Sangre de Cristo Mountains to the east of Santa Fe: a winter sunset after a snowfall
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1842:
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Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin
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1860:
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1402:, though not at first as that of the region which Coronado had once conquered.
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1183:
1138:
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544:
1383:
Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States
841:, and returned to Mexico City claiming it might have been one of the fabled
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2657:
2651:
1178:
1030:
The United States inherited the unenforced claim to the east bank with the
88:
1367:. Albuquerque: Museum of Albuquerque History Monograph Series. p. 51.
16:
Provincial kingdom of New Spain (1598–1821); territory of Mexico (1821–48)
3047:
2742:
2627:
2621:
1365:
The Rio Abajo Frontier, 1540–1692: A History of Early Colonial New Mexico
834:
676:
672:
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1123:
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2822:
1915:
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988:
884:
850:
822:
729: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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497:, and later a territory of independent Mexico. The first capital was
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39:
2344:
704:
614:
2566:
1297:
Kiva, Cross, and Crown: The Pecos Indians and New Mexico, 1540-1840
825:, and two other men, survived an ill-fated expedition known as the
568:
430:
415:
1562:
Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America
1127:
1058:
904:
984:, it became the federally administered Territory of New Mexico.
2713:
Non-British colonial entities in the contemporary United States
1335:
1168:
896:
618:
610:
564:
560:
420:
1413:
1229:
https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_p007/rmrs_p007_020_028.pdf
837:. He caught glimpse of a Zuni town in the distance, probably
505:) from 1598 until 1610, and from 1610 onward the capital was
435:
1248:
https://www.ancestrycdn.com/support/us/2016/11/newmexico.pdf
444:
While the Mexican territory theoretically existed until the
1224:
972:
Map of Mexico in 1824 showing the Province of Nuevo México
1493:
659:: from the crossing point of Oñate on the river south of
634:
628:
685:
La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís
655:
Nuevo México was centered on the upper valley of the
507:
La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís
2510:
Other British colonial entities in the contemporary
1259:
1451:. Wired Humanities Projects, University of Oregon
3413:
2694:Colony of British Columbia and Vancouver Island
976:The province remained in Spanish control until
613:people's accounts of their ancestral origin in
958:Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas
3517:States and territories disestablished in 1846
3507:States and territories disestablished in 1821
3427:States and territories disestablished in 1848
3007:
2360:
1589:
595:
583:
1271:(in Spanish). Gran Via, Incorporated. 2005.
987:The part of the former province east of the
801:
1385:. New York: NYRB Classics. pp. 23–24.
1199:Supply of Franciscan missions in New Mexico
3422:States and territories established in 1598
3014:
3000:
2367:
2353:
1596:
1582:
1420:. Stanford University Press. p. 144.
1038:occupied the territory in 1846 during the
104:
1109:Cuisine of the Southwestern United States
789:Learn how and when to remove this message
512:The name of "New Mexico", the capital in
388:U.S. provisional government of New Mexico
137:603,345 km (232,953 sq mi)
967:
891:. The expedition had been authorized by
646:
1603:
1377:
1362:
3414:
1293:
605:reported to exist far to the north of
3275:The Great Republic of Rough and Ready
2995:
2920:Discourse Concerning Western Planting
2374:
2348:
1577:
1326:The Spanish Frontier in North America
1321:
1013:
630:Mexico Aztlan Quinehuayan Chicomoztoc
2749:Captaincy General of the Philippines
1509:from the original on August 19, 2020
1398:called. Yet men remembered the name
1275:from the original on August 18, 2020
978:Mexico's declaration of independence
963:
727:adding citations to reliable sources
698:
633:, which today they call New Mexico (
299:• Surrender to U.S. occupation
3512:1821 disestablishments in New Spain
3462:Pre-statehood history of New Mexico
3043:Kingdoms and Provinces of New Spain
1505:. F.C. Westley. 1844. p. 374.
1026:Territorial evolution of New Mexico
593:), Spanish colonial explorers used
252:Spanish missions in New Mexico
13:
1546:Texas State Historical Association
1488:Texas State Historical Association
956:In 1777, with the creation of the
489:in English) was a province of the
218:• August – Sept. 1846 (last)
14:
3538:
3482:Pre-statehood history of Oklahoma
3472:Pre-statehood history of Colorado
2952:Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
2433:(1629–1641; 1679–1686; 1689–1776)
1338:: Yale University Press. p.
1304:: National Park Service. p.
817:In 1536, the legendary explorers
3522:1846 disestablishments in Mexico
3502:1598 establishments in New Spain
3447:Colonial United States (Spanish)
3396:
3395:
3376:Provisional Government of Hawaii
3257:Provisional Government of Oregon
3176:Provisional Government of Mexico
2976:
2975:
2755:Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
2328:
703:
657:Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte)
392:
367:
206:• July – Nov. 1822 (first)
87:
73:
3477:Pre-statehood history of Kansas
1551:
1521:
1463:
1189:Spanish governors of New Mexico
951:
911:
812:
714:needs additional citations for
3467:Pre-statehood history of Texas
2150:List of counties in New Mexico
1437:
1407:
1371:
1356:
1315:
1287:
1240:
1217:
1194:Spanish missions in New Mexico
1084:New Mexico became an official
808:Spanish missions in New Mexico
1:
3287:Confederate States of America
2594:
1210:
1034:in 1845. The U.S. Army under
941:Real Audiencia de Guadalajara
847:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
833:led an expedition north from
607:the recently conquered Mexico
573:citizens of the United States
3281:The Kingdom of Beaver Island
2700:Province of British Columbia
642:
609:. This name also evoked the
503:San Gabriel de Yungue-Ouinge
458:Juan Bautista Vigil y Alarid
289:• Mexican–American War
223:Juan Bautista Vigil y Alarid
95:Flag of the Mexican Republic
7:
1471:"Texan Santa Fe Expedition"
1363:Sanchez, Joseph P. (1987).
1227:Forest Service Proceedings
1091:
1052:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
982:1824 Constitution of Mexico
663:, it extended north to the
577:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
450:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
10:
3543:
3497:18th century in New Mexico
3492:17th century in New Mexico
3487:16th century in New Mexico
3251:Republic of the Rio Grande
2879:Brandenburger Saint Thomas
2688:Colony of British Columbia
1946:Sangre de Cristo Mountains
1566:Constitution of Apatzingán
1023:
1017:
877:San Juan de los Caballeros
819:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
805:
738:"Santa Fe de Nuevo México"
694:
681:Sangre de Cristo Mountains
551:, primarily consisting of
499:San Juan de los Caballeros
18:
3391:
3233:Republic of Indian Stream
3038:
2971:
2915:
2906:
2849:, 1682–1763 and 1801–1803
2767:Captaincy General of Cuba
2720:
2709:
2591:New England Confederation
2520:
2506:
2420:
2382:
2324:
2140:
1967:
1851:
1780:
1627:
1615:
1558:Sentimientos de la Nación
1548:. Retrieved June 7, 2012.
1490:. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
1449:Online Nahuatl Dictionary
997:Texan Santa Fe Expedition
883:at the confluence of the
865:Don Juan de Oñate Salazar
802:Spanish colonial province
474:
452:on February 2, 1848, the
443:
408:
346:
342:
338:
334:
320:
307:
297:
287:
274:
261:
248:
244:
236:
232:
228:
216:
204:
200:
190:
186:
174:
164:• 1598–1610 (first)
162:
158:
148:
141:
131:
123:
113:
103:
69:
64:
33:
28:
3195:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
3170:Second Republic of Texas
3164:Republic of the Floridas
3152:Republic of East Florida
3146:Republic of West Florida
3110:United States of America
3054:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
3030:within the contemporary
2761:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
2573:Massachusetts Bay Colony
1642:Census-designated places
1541:Handbook of Texas Online
1483:Handbook of Texas Online
1322:Weber, David J. (1992).
1294:Kessel, John L. (1979).
1205:
944:, with oversight by the
918:missions in Nuevo México
873:Santa Fe de Nuevo Méjico
671:, and extended north to
603:Cíbola, cities of wealth
475:Holy Faith of New Mexico
471:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
176:• 1818–1822 (last)
29:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
3452:Former states of Mexico
3158:First Republic of Texas
2891:Scottish Darien Company
2835:Hospitaller Saint Croix
2634:Dominion of New England
2616:North-Western Territory
1959:Southwestern New Mexico
683:at the ancient city of
635:
629:
522:Palace of the Governors
211:Francisco Xavier Chávez
2944:Of Plymouth Plantation
2666:(1779–1783; 1814–1815)
2575:(1629–1686; 1689–1691)
2551:(1620–1686; 1689–1691)
2463:(1664–1673; 1702–1776)
1134:Hispanos of New Mexico
1099:Ancient Pueblo peoples
1044:provisional government
973:
885:Río Bravo (Rio Grande)
875:at the new village of
652:
596:
584:
56:First Mexican Republic
3227:Republic of Madawaska
3128:Trans-Oconee Republic
2725:Columbian Viceroyalty
2335:New Mexico portal
1114:History of New Mexico
1020:History of New Mexico
971:
650:
549:New Mexican citizenry
535:were retained as the
3221:Republic of Fredonia
2861:Dutch Virgin Islands
2809:Spanish West Florida
2803:Spanish East Florida
2682:Stickeen Territories
2387:New England Colonies
1529:"Compromise of 1850"
1469:Carroll, H. Bailey.
1154:New Mexico Territory
1040:Mexican–American War
946:Viceroy of New Spain
916:Most of the Spanish
881:Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo
843:Seven Cities of Gold
723:improve this article
591:Mexican independence
537:New Mexico Territory
518:gubernatorial office
485:, and translated as
454:New Mexico Territory
265:Mexican Independence
48:First Mexican Empire
21:Santa Fe, New Mexico
3432:Colonial New Mexico
3370:Free State of Jones
3263:California Republic
3098:Republic of Watauga
3066:Provincias Internas
3028:unrecognized states
2797:Provincias Internas
2773:Spanish Saint Croix
2397:Chesapeake Colonies
1906:Northern New Mexico
1767:Tourist attractions
1149:New Mexican Spanish
1144:New Mexican cuisine
1005:New Mexico governor
991:was claimed by the
980:in 1821. Under the
689:modern-day Santa Fe
575:as a result of the
543:became part of the
541:state of New Mexico
293:from April 25, 1846
278:Texian Independence
3527:Historical regions
3382:Republic of Hawaii
3078:Florida Occidental
2960:Quintipartite Deed
2873:Danish West Indies
2841:French Saint Croix
1941:Shortgrass prairie
1886:Eastern New Mexico
1866:Central New Mexico
1750:Pueblos and Tribes
1534:2012-11-19 at the
1527:Griffin, Roger A.
1476:2011-05-13 at the
1253:2020-08-06 at the
1234:2020-08-07 at the
1063:Compromise of 1850
1061:. However, in the
1014:American territory
1001:New Mexican troops
974:
863:On July 12, 1598,
827:Narváez expedition
653:
624:Crónica Mexicayotl
3409:
3408:
3245:Republic of Texas
3140:State of Muskogee
3122:State of Franklin
2989:
2988:
2964:
2956:
2948:
2940:
2932:
2928:Mayflower Compact
2924:
2909:Related Documents
2791:Spanish Louisiana
2670:Columbia District
2593:(1643–1654; 1675–
2479:Massachusetts Bay
2407:Southern Colonies
2376:Thirteen Colonies
2342:
2341:
1986:Metropolitan Area
1896:Manzano Mountains
1876:Chihuahuan Desert
1392:978-1-59017-273-5
993:Republic of Texas
964:Mexican territory
799:
798:
791:
773:
468:
467:
462:Stephen W. Kearny
404:
403:
400:
399:
380:
379:
192:Mexican governors
150:Spanish governors
60:
54:Territory of the
52:
46:Territory of the
44:
3534:
3399:
3398:
3269:State of Deseret
3239:Indian Territory
3207:Coahuila y Tejas
3201:Sonora y Sinaloa
3134:Hawaiian Kingdom
3116:Vermont Republic
3072:Florida Oriental
3016:
3009:
3002:
2993:
2992:
2979:
2978:
2962:
2954:
2946:
2938:
2936:Mourt's Relation
2930:
2922:
2847:French Louisiana
2676:Red River Colony
2599:
2596:
2543:Berkeley Hundred
2402:Tobacco Colonies
2369:
2362:
2355:
2346:
2345:
2333:
2332:
2331:
1936:Sandia Mountains
1901:Mogollon Plateau
1881:Colorado Plateau
1871:Chicoma Mountain
1733:New Mexico music
1598:
1591:
1584:
1575:
1574:
1568:
1555:
1549:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1497:
1491:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1445:"Yancuic Mexico"
1441:
1435:
1434:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1329:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1263:
1257:
1244:
1238:
1221:
1164:New Mexico music
1032:Texas Annexation
948:at Mexico City.
879:adjacent to the
867:established the
794:
787:
783:
780:
774:
772:
731:
707:
699:
638:
632:
599:
587:
571:peoples, became
529:citizen-soldiers
476:
396:
395:
384:
383:
375:Puebloan peoples
371:
370:
364:
363:
348:
347:
181:Facundo Melgares
108:
91:
77:
58:
50:
42:
26:
25:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3442:Colonial Mexico
3412:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3387:
3213:Las Californias
3189:Alta California
3104:United Colonies
3090:Alta California
3034:
3020:
2990:
2985:
2967:
2911:
2902:
2897:Russian America
2815:Alta California
2785:Las Californias
2737:Spanish Florida
2716:
2705:
2597:
2516:
2502:
2416:
2412:United Colonies
2392:Middle Colonies
2378:
2373:
2343:
2338:
2329:
2327:
2320:
2136:
1963:
1953:(highest point)
1931:San Luis Valley
1921:Rocky Mountains
1847:
1776:
1623:
1611:
1602:
1572:
1571:
1556:
1552:
1536:Wayback Machine
1526:
1522:
1512:
1510:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1478:Wayback Machine
1468:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1412:
1408:
1393:
1379:Stewart, George
1376:
1372:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1320:
1316:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1255:Wayback Machine
1245:
1241:
1236:Wayback Machine
1222:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1174:Puebloan people
1094:
1074:Abraham Lincoln
1048:Mexican Cession
1028:
1022:
1016:
966:
954:
936:Diego de Vargas
914:
815:
810:
804:
795:
784:
778:
775:
732:
730:
720:
708:
697:
645:
597:el Nuevo México
477:; shortened as
446:Mexican Cession
393:
368:
330:January 6, 1912
327:
316:2 February 1848
313:
311:Mexican Cession
300:
290:
280:
267:
254:
219:
207:
177:
165:
134:
109:
99:
98:
97:
92:
84:
83:
78:
53:
45:
34:Kingdom of the
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3540:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3379:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3343:South Carolina
3340:
3338:North Carolina
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3284:
3278:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3019:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2996:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2855:New Netherland
2852:
2851:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2832:
2829:French Florida
2820:
2819:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2728:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2640:Indian Reserve
2637:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2494:
2491:South Carolina
2488:
2485:North Carolina
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2372:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2349:
2340:
2339:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2146:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1979:
1973:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1926:San Juan Basin
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1891:Llano Estacado
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:Climate change
1790:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1772:Transportation
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1711:National Guard
1703:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1569:
1550:
1520:
1492:
1462:
1436:
1426:
1406:
1391:
1370:
1355:
1348:
1314:
1302:Washington, DC
1286:
1258:
1239:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1070:Zachary Taylor
1036:Stephen Kearny
1018:Main article:
1015:
1012:
965:
962:
953:
950:
913:
910:
831:Marcos de Niza
814:
811:
803:
800:
797:
796:
779:September 2022
711:
709:
702:
696:
693:
665:Colorado River
644:
641:
636:yancuic mexico
491:Spanish Empire
466:
465:
441:
440:
439:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
412:United States
410:
406:
405:
402:
401:
398:
397:
390:
381:
378:
377:
372:
360:
359:
354:
344:
343:
340:
339:
336:
335:
332:
331:
328:
321:
318:
317:
314:
308:
305:
304:
303:September 1846
301:
298:
295:
294:
291:
288:
285:
284:
281:
275:
272:
271:
268:
262:
259:
258:
255:
249:
246:
245:
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
230:
229:
226:
225:
220:
217:
214:
213:
208:
205:
202:
201:
198:
197:
194:
188:
187:
184:
183:
178:
175:
172:
171:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
155:
152:
146:
145:
143:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
101:
100:
93:
86:
85:
79:
72:
71:
70:
67:
66:
62:
61:
36:Spanish Empire
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3539:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3457:Modern Mexico
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3402:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3363:West Virginia
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:Mexican Texas
3180:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3032:United States
3029:
3025:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3005:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2982:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2961:
2958:
2953:
2950:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2934:
2929:
2926:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2779:Spanish Texas
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2610:Rupert's Land
2608:
2605:
2602:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2512:United States
2509:
2508:
2505:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2431:New Hampshire
2429:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2370:
2365:
2363:
2358:
2356:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2337:
2336:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1911:Permian Basin
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1861:Apachian zone
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1502:The Spectator
1496:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1479:
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1184:Pueblo Revolt
1182:
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1177:
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1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
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1139:Navajo people
1137:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1115:
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1110:
1107:
1105:
1104:Apache people
1102:
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949:
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931:Pueblo Revolt
926:
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764:
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747:
743:
740: –
739:
735:
734:Find sources:
728:
724:
718:
717:
712:This section
710:
706:
701:
700:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
675:and south to
674:
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661:Ciudad Juárez
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545:United States
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283:March 2, 1836
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169:Juan de Oñate
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57:
49:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
3194:
3178:(1823–1824)
3053:
2908:
2885:Krabbeninsel
2760:
2658:West Florida
2652:East Florida
2473:Pennsylvania
2449:Rhode Island
2326:
2147:
2122:Sunland Park
1951:Wheeler Peak
1828:Homelessness
1803:Demographics
1757:Paleontology
1740:New Mexicans
1721:World War II
1689:Nuevo México
1688:
1617:
1553:
1539:
1523:
1511:. Retrieved
1501:
1495:
1481:
1465:
1453:. Retrieved
1448:
1439:
1431:
1416:
1409:
1400:Nuevo México
1399:
1396:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1358:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1296:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1267:
1261:
1242:
1219:
1179:Pueblo music
1083:
1067:
1056:
1029:
986:
975:
955:
952:18th century
939:
927:
915:
912:17th century
872:
862:
858:
855:
816:
813:16th century
785:
776:
766:
759:
752:
745:
733:
721:Please help
716:verification
713:
654:
622:
621:people, the
601:to refer to
594:
585:Nuevo México
582:
581:
526:
511:
486:
483:Nuevo Méjico
482:
479:Nuevo México
478:
470:
469:
357:Succeeded by
356:
351:
3384:(1894–1898)
3378:(1893–1894)
3372:(1863–1865)
3328:Mississippi
3291:1861–1865;
3283:(1850–1856)
3271:(1849–1850)
3259:(1841–1848)
3247:(1836–1846)
3241:(1834–1907)
3235:(1832–1835)
3223:(1826–1827)
3215:, 1836–1846
3209:, 1824–1835
3203:, 1824–1830
3197:, 1821–1846
3191:, 1821–1836
3185:, 1821–1824
3181:1835–1846;
3160:(1812–1813)
3142:(1799–1803)
3136:(1795–1893)
3124:(1784–1788)
3118:(1777–1791)
3112:(1776–1783)
3106:(1775–1776)
3100:(1772–1777)
3092:, 1804–1821
3086:, 1769–1801
3084:La Luisiana
3080:, 1783–1821
3074:, 1783–1821
3068:, 1776–1821
3062:, 1690–1821
3056:, 1598–1821
3050:, 1565–1821
3048:New Navarre
2947:(1630–1651)
2899:(1799–1867)
2887:(1689–1693)
2881:(1685–1754)
2875:(1672–1917)
2869:(1638–1655)
2863:(1625–1672)
2857:(1614–1667)
2843:, 1665–1733
2837:, 1651–1665
2831:, 1562–1565
2827:1534–1763;
2817:, 1804–1821
2811:, 1783–1821
2805:, 1783–1821
2799:, 1776–1821
2793:, 1769–1801
2787:, 1767–1804
2781:, 1690–1821
2775:, 1650–1651
2769:, 1607–1801
2763:, 1598–1821
2757:, 1580–1898
2751:, 1565–1898
2745:, 1565–1821
2743:New Navarre
2739:, 1565–1763
2735:1521–1821;
2727:(1492–1535)
2702:(1871–1903)
2696:(1866–1871)
2690:(1863–1866)
2684:(1862–1863)
2678:(1811–1818)
2672:(1810–1846)
2664:New Ireland
2660:(1763–1783)
2654:(1763–1783)
2648:(1763–1783)
2642:(1763–1783)
2636:(1686–1689)
2630:(1674–1702)
2628:West Jersey
2624:(1674–1702)
2622:East Jersey
2618:(1670–1870)
2612:(1670–1811)
2606:(1663–1712)
2598: 1680
2587:(1638–1664)
2581:(1635–1644)
2569:(1629–1663)
2563:(1625–1650)
2561:Saint Croix
2557:(1622–1658)
2539:(1607–1699)
2533:(1607–1608)
2527:(1585–1590)
2499:(1732–1776)
2493:(1712–1776)
2487:(1712–1776)
2481:(1691–1776)
2475:(1681–1776)
2469:(1664–1776)
2457:(1664–1776)
2451:(1636–1776)
2445:(1636–1776)
2443:Connecticut
2439:(1632–1776)
2427:(1607–1776)
2112:Silver City
1982:Albuquerque
1833:LGBT rights
1669:Delegations
1268:La Herencia
1120:Californios
1068:Presidents
923:Catholicism
905:viceroyalty
835:Mexico City
677:Albuquerque
673:Taos pueblo
533:rule of law
460:to General
352:Preceded by
59:(1823–1848)
43:(1598–1821)
3416:Categories
2867:New Sweden
2823:New France
2461:New Jersey
2276:San Miguel
2261:Rio Arriba
2231:Los Alamos
2156:Bernalillo
2092:Rio Rancho
2067:Los Alamos
2057:Las Cruces
2032:Farmington
2002:Bloomfield
1977:Alamogordo
1916:Rio Grande
1838:Literature
1679:Government
1652:Bizcochito
1609:New Mexico
1211:References
1159:New Mexico
1118:Hispanos (
1086:U.S. state
1024:See also:
989:Rio Grande
871:colony of
851:Tiguex War
823:Estevanico
806:See also:
749:newspapers
539:and later
487:New Mexico
473:(English:
448:under the
426:New Mexico
326:statehood
324:New Mexico
142:Government
3437:New Spain
3348:Tennessee
3323:Louisiana
3024:sovereign
2731:New Spain
2585:New Haven
2537:Jamestown
2266:Roosevelt
2206:Guadalupe
2132:Tucumcari
2077:Lovington
2072:Los Lunas
2062:Las Vegas
1818:Elections
1813:Education
1716:Civil War
1701:Landmarks
1694:Territory
1674:Geography
1622:(capital)
1381:(2008) .
1332:New Haven
1124:Genízaros
1088:in 1912.
1079:genízaros
893:Philip II
889:Río Chama
869:New Spain
643:Geography
495:New Spain
65:1598–1846
51:(1821–23)
40:New Spain
3401:Category
3358:Virginia
3333:Missouri
3318:Kentucky
3303:Arkansas
2981:Category
2604:Carolina
2579:Saybrook
2567:Carolana
2549:Plymouth
2467:New York
2455:Delaware
2437:Maryland
2425:Virginia
2316:Valencia
2306:Torrance
2286:Santa Fe
2281:Sandoval
2271:San Juan
2241:McKinley
2191:Doña Ana
2142:Counties
2107:Santa Fe
2082:Portales
2052:Kirtland
2027:Española
2017:Corrales
2007:Carlsbad
1843:Politics
1823:Gun laws
1788:Abortion
1745:Hispanos
1706:Military
1619:Santa Fe
1532:Archived
1507:Archived
1474:Archived
1273:Archived
1251:Archived
1232:Archived
1092:See also
887:and the
669:Santa Fe
579:(1848).
569:Comanche
514:Santa Fe
431:Oklahoma
416:Colorado
118:Santa Fe
3313:Georgia
3308:Florida
3298:Arizona
3293:Alabama
3022:Former
2525:Roanoke
2497:Georgia
2296:Socorro
2226:Lincoln
2216:Hidalgo
2211:Harding
2186:De Baca
2117:Socorro
2102:Ruidoso
2097:Roswell
1997:Artesia
1853:Regions
1808:Economy
1781:Society
1762:Symbols
1684:History
1664:Culture
1647:Cuisine
1513:May 21,
1279:May 21,
1128:Tejanos
1059:El Paso
1050:in the
929:as the
839:Hawikuh
763:scholar
695:History
553:Hispano
520:at the
322:•
309:•
276:•
263:•
250:•
237:History
133:•
114:Capital
3277:(1850)
3265:(1846)
3253:(1840)
3229:(1827)
3172:(1819)
3166:(1817)
3154:(1812)
3148:(1810)
3130:(1794)
2963:(1676)
2955:(1638)
2939:(1622)
2931:(1620)
2923:(1584)
2893:(1698)
2646:Quebec
2545:(1619)
2531:Popham
2291:Sierra
2176:Colfax
2171:Cibola
2166:Chaves
2161:Catron
2042:Grants
2037:Gallup
2022:Deming
2012:Clovis
1969:Cities
1629:Topics
1564:, and
1455:14 May
1424:
1389:
1346:
1336:London
1169:Pueblo
1126:, and
1003:under
901:Pueblo
897:Aztecs
765:
758:
751:
744:
736:
619:Mexica
615:Aztlán
611:Mexica
567:, and
565:Apache
561:Navajo
557:Pueblo
547:. The
531:, and
527:vecino
516:, the
421:Kansas
240:
196:
154:
127:
38:&
3353:Texas
3060:Tejas
2555:Maine
2311:Union
2251:Otero
2201:Grant
2181:Curry
2148:See:
2087:Raton
2047:Hobbs
1992:Aztec
1798:Crime
1728:Music
1657:Chile
1637:Index
1605:State
1206:Notes
770:JSTOR
756:books
436:Texas
2301:Taos
2256:Quay
2246:Mora
2236:Luna
2196:Eddy
2127:Taos
1515:2020
1457:2023
1422:ISBN
1387:ISBN
1344:ISBN
1334:and
1281:2020
1225:USDA
1072:and
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