241:
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679:
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1702:
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719:
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1374:
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2066:
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1948:
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1933:
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1179:
1134:
885:
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4268:
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984:
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904:
1284:
1224:
1089:
4036:
4026:
789:
1717:
2095:
1404:
1059:
2317:
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1998:
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187:
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1074:
655:
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98:
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64:
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1578:. However Scotland has been recognised as a nation within a nation. The flag of Scotland has been officially defined by the Scottish Parliament in 2003 and is flown there and almost universally by Scottish authorities. There is no English legislature; the entire British legislature sits in England and is only subject to very weak conventions on voting on English matters. The flag of England does not figure in legislation, and its use by English nationalists is complex as these divide among those who are
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1984:
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69:
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1878:
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2012:
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42:
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3194:"When the Prayer Book was revised under Edward VI (1547–1553), the festival of St George was abolished, with many others. Under the influence of the Reformation the banners of his former rivals, St Edward and St Edmund, together with all other religious flags in public use, except that of St George, entirely disappeared, and their place was taken by banners containing royal badges" (W. G. Perrin (1922).
512:
thus promoting the notion that the cult or festivities specifically to the saint, or focus on the Order of the Garter put him significantly ahead of two other national saints – instead of depicting that they were approximately equal. The quote became rapidly well known in London, across social
476:(four years of counter-revolution after his natural death) all defecting clerics faced likely deprivation which was the loss of their office and if more broadly heretical, burning at the stake. The book made clear all religious flags, including saints' banners except for Saint George were abolished.
3006:
The Tudor naval streamer was a long, tapering flag, flown from the top of the forecastle, from 20 up to 60 yards in length. "A streamer shall stand in the toppe of a shippe, or in the forecastle, and therein be putt no armes, but a man's conceit or device, and may be of the lengthe of twenty, forty,
569:
As a very sensible
Irishman said in a letter to a Dublin paper: "The Union Jack is not the national flag of England." The national flag of England is the Cross of St. George; and that, oddly enough, was splashed from one end of Dublin to the other; it was mostly displayed on shield-shaped banners,
363:). Perrin concludes from this that the introduction of the Cross of St George as a "national emblem" is originally due to Edward I. By 1300, there was also a greater "banner of Saint George", but not yet in a prominent function; the king used it among especially banners of king-saints
3041:"I have been unable to find any solid ground for the common belief that the cross of St George was introduced as the national emblem of England by Richard I, and am of opinion that it did not begin to attain that position until the first years of the reign of Edward I". (Perrin 1922,
352:
a year earlier. Perrin notes a roll of accounts from 1277 where the purchase of cloth for the king's tailor is identified as destined for the manufacture of a large number of pennoncels (pennons attached to lances) and bracers (worn by archers on their left forearms) "of the arms of
548:
was used as national flag de facto, even though never officially adopted. The observation that the Cross of St George is the "national flag of
England" (as opposed to the Union Flag being the flag of all of the United Kingdom) was made in the context of
331:
The St. George's flag, a red cross on a white field, was adopted by
England and the City of London in 1190 for their ships entering the Mediterranean to benefit from the protection of the Genoese fleet. The English Monarch paid an annual tribute to the
2940:
of the flag's height. The same ratio is used for
Scotland and Wales. The saltire on Scotland's flag is . It was chosen as being the closest 'standard' shape to the golden rectangle. Rectangular naval rank flags are actually 2:3, with the cross being
3176:"The first step towards the promotion of St George to a position of predominance seems to be due to Edward III, who in gratitude for his supposed help at the Battle of Crecy founded the Chapel of St George at Windsor in 1348." (Perrin 1922, pp. 37f.)
678:
1482:
For at least some decades before about 1996, most of the flags waved by supporters were Union Flags. In a sporting context, the flag is often seen being waved by supporters with the addition of 'ENGLAND' across its horizontal bar.
1609:
Since the flag's widespread use in sporting events since the mid-1990s, the association with far-right nationalism has waned, and the flag is now frequently flown throughout the country both privately and by local authorities.
605:. (The Union of the Crowns having occurred in 1603). In Scotland, and in particular on Scottish vessels at sea, historical evidence suggests that a separate design of Union Flag was flown to that used in England. In the
536:
of ships from both
England and Scotland. The "Red Crosse" continued to be flown from the fore-top by James' subjects in "South Britaine"—i.e., the Saint George cross was used with the new union flag on English vessels.
718:
698:
2526:
621:, it was declared that "the Crosses of St. George and St. Andrew be conjoined, in such Manner as her Majesty shall think fit, and used in all Flags, Banners, Standards and Ensigns, both at Sea and Land."
2664:
3502:
2680:
3185:
It was first introduced as a minor feast day observed in the Church of
England in 1222, but its omission from later lists suggests that it was not universally adopted. (Perrin 1922, p. 38).
654:
4110:
3024:
E.g. "Richard Coeur de Lion embarked on
Genoese galleys under their banner of the Red Cross and the flag of St. George, which he brought home to become the patron of Old England".
2748:
3679:
3645:
3584:
5672:
2696:
1701:
5969:
2732:
2649:
3161:"Among the greater banners that of St George was not as yet supreme; it was indeed only one of four, for when the Castle of Carlaverock was taken in the year 1300:
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2134:
2365:
5974:
2720:
4103:
2708:
2469:
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2484:
1373:
168:
It has been widely used since the 1990s, specifically at national sporting events, especially during the campaigns of
England's national football teams.
3239:
4877:
2457:
828:
also have variants of the White Ensign with their own national flags in the canton, with St George's Cross sometimes being replaced by a naval badge.
1685:
3278:
4096:
1947:
540:
In the 19th century, it became desirable for all nations of Europe (and later worldwide) to identify a national flag. During that time, the terms
3054:
This version was taken at face value on the website of a "Ligurian
Independence Movement", presented by Vincenzo Matteucci in an article entitled
391:
in 1348. From that time, his banner was used with increasing prominence alongside the Royal Banner and became a fixed element in the hoist of the
5103:
4947:
1103:
1582:
as heavily opposed to further immigration and seeking to distinguish between residents in the jobs market and welfare state system such as the
3345:
2500:
3212:
Act 3, end of Scene 1 France. Before
Harfleur...with scaling ladders, William Shakespeare, Project Gutenburg, Release Date: November, 1998
1467:
The flag heavily dominates for that of England at sports events in which England competes, for example during England Cricket matches (the
2755:
2140:
2122:
633:
2065:
1932:
6240:
3705:
1590:(founded 2009) and those who merely seek the level of devolution of Scotland, or Wales. Underscoring this complexity, in January 2012
1298:
998:
240:
3668:
3634:
3573:
3459:
3306:
2622:
2610:
2595:
2302:
938:
854:
5284:
3471:
2564:
126:
3883:
3095:
968:
319:, Perrin (1922) refers to it as a "common belief", and it is still popularly repeated today even though it cannot be substantiated.
5705:
3936:
2514:
2506:
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1799:
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1917:
1193:
1418:
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1118:
1028:
953:
839:
348:
of 1265, using a red cross on their uniforms to distinguish themselves from the white crosses used by the rebel barons at the
6128:
3140:
2579:
1163:
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2169:
1905:
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1328:
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884:
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6511:
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1820:
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417:
from the late 1390s shows a swallow-tailed Saint George cross pennant held by an angel in between (the then reigning) King
2418:
1148:
1013:
2144:
1953:
1707:
1380:
63:
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254:
1283:
1223:
1088:
597:. The Union Flag has been used in a variety of forms since the proclamation by Orders in Council 1606, when the flags
6363:
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2197:
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and Northern Ireland, continues to be used as the flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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was considered a "double major feast" from 1415, but George was still eclipsed by his "rivals" Saints Edward and
68:
1073:
304:, and that Henry would use a white cross and Philip a red cross (and not vice versa as suggested by later use).
6329:
5814:
5342:
4846:
3528:
2570:
1997:
1305:
1245:
1110:
960:
5778:
5277:
3503:"Scottish independence referendum: Liberal Democrats deputy leader Simon Hughes calls for English devolution"
2962:
2890:
2855:
2308:
1479:. It is also used in icons on the internet and on the TV screen to represent teams and players from England.
1440:
379:, but the saint most closely associated with England was Edward the Confessor. This was so until the time of
2430:
2246:
2080:
1716:
6521:
6370:
6284:
5773:
5698:
4174:
4119:
3774:
3428:
3081:
2656:
2100:
1806:
460:
That Saint George is the primary patron saint of England is among several lasting changes of height of the
3120:
3057:
L'Inghilterra "pagava" per poter innalzare la bandiera della gloriosa Repubblica di Genova sulle sue navi!
3042:
3028:, Volumes 7–8, 1891, p. 139. There are variants; in another version Richard is impressed with the Genoese
2288:
2214:
1671:
6526:
6429:
6384:
6245:
5763:
5758:
5738:
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reported that users had "been able to send emojis of the Union Flag, but not of the individual nations".
2739:
2350:
1692:
1599:
574:
In 2018 the mayor of Genoa demanded that England pay for the last 247 years for using the flag of Genoa.
320:
214:
3060:("England paid for flying on its ships the banner of the Glorious Republic of Genoa!") on that website (
209:
6424:
6392:
6255:
6195:
6077:
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3795:
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2322:
1791:
761:
754:
637:
392:
364:
340:
Red crosses seem to have been used as a distinguishing mark worn by English soldiers from the reign of
102:
3164:
Puis fist le roy porter amont / Sa baniere et la Seint Eymont / La Seint George et la Seint Edwart
2783:
2330:
2274:
6506:
6235:
6087:
5626:
5387:
4495:
4488:
4187:
3274:
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2828:
1924:
1657:
1170:
945:
861:
410:
250:
2108:
6324:
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5270:
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2086:
821:
764:
is based on the English flag, having a centred St George's Cross on a white background, with a red
733:
689:
618:
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6336:
6210:
5809:
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372:
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177:
130:
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2549:
1595:
1587:
1583:
323:
made a variation to this in a bilingual preface to a brochure made for the British Pavilion at
5564:
1757:
1606:, and is occasionally a minor debate subject at all of the major parties' annual conferences.
6402:
6397:
6341:
6150:
5598:
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2860:
1785:
1425:
1125:
1035:
1005:
846:
629:
513:
classes, and thus imagery entrenched that Saint George was "historically" the primary saint.
469:
454:
436:
418:
380:
308:
49:
3709:
1983:
1969:
1891:
1849:
1743:
276:
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3303:
2476:
2114:
1575:
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1350:
1335:
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1200:
1185:
1140:
975:
891:
773:
641:
465:
450:
422:
397:
222:
4088:
3479:
2930:"The...proportion for the national flag of England is 3:5, with the each the cross being
1863:
1835:
1500:
453:
to sail "under our banners, flags and ensigns", may have taken a Saint George's banner to
8:
6319:
6272:
6111:
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5890:
5885:
5794:
5534:
5117:
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610:
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517:
500:
496:
473:
461:
388:
341:
297:
293:
150:
924:
which have a pole may fly St George's Cross. A desirable variant (per an order from the
903:
6465:
6307:
6164:
6123:
6092:
6031:
5910:
5842:
5743:
5723:
5504:
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5424:
5327:
5186:
5179:
5173:
5090:
5083:
5070:
4934:
4927:
4703:
4696:
4521:
4514:
4287:
4280:
4274:
4267:
4167:
3332:
2800:
1579:
1550:
1275:
1215:
1050:
990:
876:
737:
685:
625:
614:
606:
533:
1877:
1771:
384:
141:). The association of the red cross as an emblem of England can be traced back to the
6277:
6010:
6005:
5905:
5857:
5631:
5439:
5199:
5192:
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4154:
4075:
3284:
3249:
3207:
3136:
1763:
1723:
1531:
1468:
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1230:
1095:
921:
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788:
729:
665:
468:
and his Protestant advisors issued to all churches and clerics. These rules were the
440:
426:
345:
324:
312:
3321:
2815:, in Unicode version 10.0 and Emoji version 5.0. This was following a proposal from
2051:
2025:
2011:
772:(the top left quarter). The sword is believed to represent the sword that beheaded
58:
6474:
6414:
6299:
6220:
5990:
5651:
5636:
5583:
5519:
5514:
5489:
5347:
5134:
5127:
5064:
5057:
4900:
4716:
4709:
4677:
4670:
4371:
4293:
4245:
4226:
4219:
3831:
3827:
3751:
3221:
3076:
3061:
2808:
2674:(legally declared a terrorist group and moribund/very low-level presence from 2000)
2252:
1989:
1975:
1897:
1855:
1749:
1571:
1410:
1065:
769:
645:
598:
554:
550:
521:
430:
186:
142:
5621:
3370:
2536:(no official status but figures as a lower-order flag on a few official buildings)
1491:
97:
6205:
5895:
5847:
5768:
5544:
5494:
5454:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5392:
5377:
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5332:
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5307:
5293:
4870:
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4683:
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2921:
2880:
2824:
2294:
2220:
1869:
1841:
1637:
1523:
908:
529:
406:
349:
149:. It became the only saint's flag permitted to be flown in public as part of the
3382:
6479:
6260:
6250:
5852:
5667:
5646:
5588:
5539:
5529:
5509:
5499:
5484:
5479:
5459:
5429:
5397:
5382:
5357:
5038:
5031:
4890:
4883:
4794:
4787:
4768:
4761:
4755:
4748:
4573:
4566:
4365:
4358:
4313:
4306:
4006:
3782:
2402:
1938:
1645:
1641:
1628:, the flag of England is currently, and was formerly used on various flags and
1625:
1080:
541:
499:, believed to have been written near 1599 includes the fictitious scene of the
487:
414:
195:
3743:
3423:
816:) is also based on the flag of England, consisting of St George's Cross and a
383:, who in thanks for Saint George's supposed intervention in his favour at the
6500:
6180:
6036:
5943:
5938:
5880:
5799:
5524:
5449:
5419:
5113:
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3841:
3837:
3607:
3546:
3253:
2812:
2336:
2280:
2071:
1883:
1777:
750:
480:
333:
316:
301:
226:
181:
154:
54:
3730:
3472:"The Saturday Soap Box: We have to make Jerusalem England's national anthem"
3402:
560:
267:
6434:
6289:
5915:
5900:
5875:
5867:
4508:
4501:
4049:
4045:
4039:
4035:
3009:
the Syze of Banners, Standardes, Pennons, Guydhomes, Pencels, and Streamers
2816:
2437:
2234:
2206:
2189:
2057:
2031:
2017:
1629:
1591:
1527:
925:
813:
793:
777:
624:
From 1801, to symbolise the union of the Kingdom of Great Britain with the
492:
354:
281:
244:
Illustration of Saint George's Cross, used alongside the Royal Standard by
191:
158:
3240:"Genoa flags up unpaid bills by England for flying the cross of St George"
2914:
6190:
5933:
5925:
4019:
4015:
2533:
1509:
1452:
190:
Angels wearing the heraldic badge of King Richard II holding the flag of
2374:
Jack for all "little ships" which participated in the evacuation of 1940
6446:
6185:
4029:
4025:
2875:
2820:
2203:
2160:
817:
809:
801:
661:
594:
545:
525:
446:
162:
110:
22:
3669:"Flags of England, Wales and Scotland given thumbs up by emoji chiefs"
3635:"Emoji for England, Scotland and Wales flags to be released this year"
3574:"Emoji for England, Scotland and Wales flags to be released this year"
2982:"What are the flags of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland?"
311:
himself adopted the full red cross flag and the patron saint from the
5948:
5819:
3244:
1472:
245:
2702:
House flag of the City of Cork Steam Packet Company (dissolved 1969)
5683:
2387:
376:
106:
5262:
684:
The English version of the First Union Flag, 1606, used mostly in
41:
5804:
5714:
2792:
2788:
2641:
2371:
2238:
1653:
1633:
929:
315:
at some point during his crusade. This idea can be traced to the
272:
122:
6225:
928:
in 1938) is for the church to fly the flag with the arms of the
704:
The Scottish version of the First Union Flag saw limited use in
1460:
796:
of the United Kingdom, consisting of the flag of Saint George,
387:
gave him a special position as a patron saint of the inceptive
307:
There then follows a historiographical tradition claiming that
285:
134:
401:
of 1367 is solid red (while Saint George's Cross is shown for
2804:
2726:
House flag of the Limerick Steamship Company (dissolved 1970)
1649:
765:
669:
218:
375:. George had become popular as a "warrior saint" during the
194:
surmounted by an orb displaying a miniature map of England.
4118:
402:
87:
A white field with centred red cross. Argent, a cross gules
1644:. St George's Cross is also used as the city flag of some
433:
flanked by angels wearing Richard's own heraldic devices.
6419:
2714:
House flag of the Cork Steamship Company (dissolved 1918)
2951:
of the height of the flag." Graham Bartram, 5 April 1999
2807:
support for the flag of England, alongside the flags of
593:
The flag of England is one of the key components of the
145:
when it was gradually, increasingly, used alongside the
570:
and may have been regarded by many as merely religious.
5970:
Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
3441:
3529:
Sour English stereotypes linger amid the flag-waving
3464:
3133:
The Battle of Agincourt: Sources and Interpretations
2128:
Flag of the New England Governor's Conference (NEGC)
1459:
supporter waving the English flag in the streets of
5975:
Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
820:in the canton. In addition to the United Kingdom,
544:and England were used largely interchangeably, the
3667:
3633:
3572:
3162:
3064:7 No. 3/4 2002), and posted on flags of the world.
3026:The Journal of the Manchester Geographical Society
161:. It was used as a component in the design of the
2827:in March 2016, The flag is implemented using the
2520:Original flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand
6498:
3884:Royal Standard of the United Kingdom in Scotland
3403:"United Kingdom: history of the British ensigns"
1640:and provinces throughout the territories of the
1570:. This is largely in parallel to the use of the
3773:
601:and England were first merged to symbolise the
507:Cry 'God for Harry! England, and Saint George!"
3280:The Art of Heraldry: An Encyclopædia of Armory
2964:The Union Flag and Flags of the United Kingdom
1602:and which continues under such lobbies as the
5699:
5278:
4104:
3759:
3735:
3055:
2463:Flag of the Grand Orange Lodge of New Zealand
1708:Queen Elizabeth II's personal Australian flag
344:(1270s), or perhaps slightly earlier, in the
153:and at a similar time became the pre-eminent
3395:
2771:Queen Elizabeth II's personal Jamaican flag
724:The Second Union Flag, 1801, incorporating
634:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
520:in 1603, it was combined with the Scottish
483:alongside royal banners, is found in 1545.
358:
357:" for the use by the king's foot soldiers (
5706:
5692:
5285:
5271:
4111:
4097:
3766:
3752:
3273:
831:
640:, having remained unchanged following the
284:, with St George's Cross displayed on the
4847:Yorkshire (East, North, and West Ridings)
3283:. London: Bloomsbury Books. p. 399.
2451:Purple Standard, used by the Orange Order
127:constituent country of the United Kingdom
101:The flag of England flying alongside the
2970:, House of Commons Library, pp. 6–8
2960:
2782:
2507:Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand
2475:Flag of the Loyal Orange Institution of
1554:
1451:
902:
787:
749:
559:
395:. Yet the flag shown for England in the
280:(launched 1514) as depicted in the 1546
266:
239:
208:
185:
96:
4120:Subnational flags of the United Kingdom
3631:
3570:
3007:or sixty yards." – Harleian MS 2358 on
6499:
3605:
3544:
3500:
3494:
3072:
3070:
2908:
2688:British and Irish Steam Packet Company
2357:
1566:As the flag of England, it is used in
1540:
5687:
5266:
4092:
3747:
3734:
3198:. Cambridge University Press. p. 40).
3011:(cited after Frederick Edward Hulme,
2961:Suchenia, Agnieszka (13 March 2013),
2309:Naval Ensign of Saint Kitts and Nevis
1475:), during Rugby Union matches and in
5713:
3873:Royal Standard of the United Kingdom
3682:from the original on 12 January 2022
3648:from the original on 12 January 2022
3587:from the original on 12 January 2022
3509:. Edinburgh: Johnston Publishing Ltd
3417:
3237:
3096:"Australian Flag – 21/04/1993 – ADJ"
1821:National Colonial Flag for Australia
915:
589:Flag of the Kingdom of Great Britain
5292:
3608:"Wales flag emoji decision awaited"
3547:"Wales flag emoji decision awaited"
3478:. 17 September 2005. Archived from
3424:Church of England – Use of the flag
3376:
3067:
2954:
2351:Naval Ensign of Trinidad and Tobago
2267:Naval Ensign of the Solomon Islands
1381:Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham
898:
13:
5563:
3521:
1961:
1613:
1604:Campaign for an English Parliament
1561:Campaign for an English Parliament
1447:
14:
6538:
5673:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
3698:
3501:Barnes, Eddie (22 January 2012).
3238:Rome, Tom Kington (7 July 2023).
2628:Naval ensign of India (2014–2022)
2616:Naval ensign of India (2004–2014)
745:
708:from 1606 to 1707, following the
503:where the king's final rally is:
5243:
5230:
5217:
5204:
5191:
5178:
5165:
5152:
5139:
5126:
5095:
5082:
5069:
5056:
5043:
5030:
5017:
5004:
4991:
4978:
4965:
4952:
4939:
4926:
4913:
4882:
4869:
4838:
4825:
4812:
4799:
4786:
4773:
4760:
4747:
4734:
4721:
4708:
4695:
4682:
4669:
4656:
4643:
4630:
4617:
4604:
4591:
4578:
4565:
4552:
4539:
4526:
4513:
4500:
4487:
4474:
4461:
4448:
4435:
4422:
4409:
4396:
4383:
4370:
4357:
4344:
4331:
4318:
4305:
4292:
4279:
4266:
4244:
4231:
4218:
4205:
4192:
4179:
4166:
4153:
4140:
4074:
4064:
4054:
4044:
4034:
4024:
4014:
3990:
3979:
3968:
3957:
3946:
3941:Flags of the English Interregnum
3935:
3924:
3913:
3889:
3878:
3867:
3846:
3836:
3826:
3816:
3790:
3062:Movimento Indipendentista Ligure
2927:Gallery of sovereign state flags
2886:Flags of the English Interregnum
2763:
2747:
2731:
2719:
2707:
2695:
2679:
2663:
2648:
2633:
2621:
2609:
2594:
2578:
2563:
2541:
2525:
2513:
2499:
2483:
2468:
2456:
2444:
2429:
2417:
2395:
2379:
2364:
2343:
2329:
2315:
2301:
2287:
2273:
2259:
2245:
2227:
2213:
2196:
2168:
2152:
2133:
2121:
2107:
2093:
2079:
2064:
2050:
2024:
2010:
1996:
1982:
1968:
1954:Flag of the Hudson's Bay Company
1946:
1931:
1916:
1904:
1890:
1876:
1862:
1848:
1834:
1813:
1798:
1784:
1770:
1756:
1742:
1730:
1715:
1700:
1684:
1670:
1530:, and at a rugby league game at
1508:
1499:
1490:
1432:
1417:
1402:
1387:
1372:
1357:
1342:
1327:
1312:
1297:
1282:
1267:
1252:
1237:
1222:
1207:
1192:
1177:
1162:
1147:
1132:
1117:
1102:
1087:
1072:
1057:
1042:
1027:
1012:
997:
982:
967:
952:
937:
883:
868:
853:
838:
717:
697:
688:and, from 1707, the flag of the
677:
653:
632:was adopted for the flag of the
577:
213:Saint George seen in the act of
67:
62:
57:
40:
3963:Royal Standard of Great Britain
3660:
3625:
3599:
3564:
3538:
3453:
3435:
3364:
3338:
3326:
3315:
3297:
3267:
3231:
3215:
3201:
3188:
3179:
3170:
3155:
3146:
3125:
3113:
2556:
2390:Minister of Navy (1911 to 1974)
932:in the left-hand upper corner.
532:ordered be flown from the main
479:Further use of this cross as a
3088:
3048:
3035:
3018:
3000:
2974:
2756:flag of Prince George's County
2571:Flag of the East India Company
1939:Flag of the Dominion of Canada
1111:Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe
628:, a new design which included
462:English Protestant Reformation
1:
3706:"United Kingdom Flag History"
3606:Thomas, Huw (5 August 2016).
3545:Thomas, Huw (5 August 2016).
2901:
2856:Royal coat of arms of England
2778:
808:The flag used by the British
783:
660:Saint George's Cross. In the
582:
327:. The relevant passage read:
258:
230:
199:
3442:England Rugby Football Union
2657:governor of Northern Ireland
2101:Flag of the Falkland Islands
2038:
1911:Flag of Montreal (1939–2017)
1807:Anglican Church of Australia
1663:
1656:and other countries such as
644:in 1921 and creation of the
7:
6517:National symbols of England
6512:Flags of the United Kingdom
6246:English language in England
6241:Innovations and discoveries
5965:Postwar Britain (1945–1979)
3775:Flags of the United Kingdom
3085:by ed. Filippo Noceti, 2001
2844:
2791:typeface, as it appears on
2740:Waterford Steamship Company
2147:, US (local, official uses)
2043:
1693:governor of New South Wales
1600:devolved English parliament
1594:, the deputy leader of the
664:this represents the entire
470:revised prayer book of 1552
321:Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
217:. He is depicted wearing a
10:
6543:
3930:Royal standards of England
3346:"Act of Union (Article 1)"
3275:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles
2891:St George's Day in England
2323:South African Naval Ensign
2187:
1737:Combined Murray River Flag
1617:
1544:
920:Churches belonging to the
762:flag of the City of London
755:Flag of the City of London
638:Flag of the United Kingdom
586:
365:Saint Edward the Confessor
175:
171:
103:flag of the United Kingdom
23:Flag of the United Kingdom
20:
6459:
6383:
6298:
6176:
6172:
6163:
6119:
6110:
6058:
6049:
6019:
5983:
5957:
5924:
5866:
5835:
5787:
5731:
5722:
5660:
5612:
5574:
5561:
5300:
5112:
4899:
4855:
4126:
4005:
3974:Royal Standard of Ireland
3904:
3860:
3805:
3781:
3741:
3736:Links to related articles
3447:23 September 2009 at the
3135:. Boydell Press. p. 275.
2896:Flag of Georgia (country)
2829:regional indicator symbol
2424:Prime Minister of Jamaica
2410:
2183:
1925:Anglican Church of Canada
1827:
1624:Due to the spread of the
1522:during football games at
946:Diocese of Bath and Wells
862:University of East Anglia
91:
83:
75:
48:
39:
35:
6325:The Football Association
3895:Royal Banner of Scotland
3209:The Life of King Henry V
2915:England (United Kingdom)
2835:. Prior to this update,
2690:(B&I) dissolved 1992
2672:Loyalist Volunteer Force
2492:governor of Saint Helena
2253:Naval Ensign of Barbados
2087:Flag of Ascension Island
1598:, supported calls for a
690:Kingdom of Great Britain
619:Kingdom of Great Britain
464:, via the content which
121:is the national flag of
21:Not to be confused with
5810:History of Anglo-Saxons
3919:Royal Banner of England
3632:Titcomb, James (2017).
3571:Titcomb, James (2017).
3388:23 January 2009 at the
3163:
2851:Royal Banner of England
2787:Flag of England in the
2295:Naval Ensign of Grenada
2221:Naval Ensign of Jamaica
1678:Flag of New South Wales
1586:(founded 1982) and the
832:Universities of England
826:Commonwealth of Nations
369:Saint Edmund the Martyr
6136:Elizabethan government
6001:Kingdom of East Anglia
5996:Kingdom of Northumbria
5568:
5343:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4060:Royal Air Force Ensign
3167:" (Perrin 1922, p. 37)
3056:
3013:The Flags of the World
2796:
2550:Trinity College Dublin
2145:Prince George's County
1588:English Defence League
1584:British National Party
1563:
1464:
912:
805:
757:
726:Cross of Saint Patrick
572:
565:
510:
359:
338:
289:
264:
251:Froissart's Chronicles
237:
206:
114:
6342:Rugby Football League
5825:Settlement of Britain
5567:
3985:Ireland within the UK
3952:Flag of Great Britain
3727:at Flags of the World
3226:Christendom in Dublin
2920:28 April 2008 at the
2866:List of British flags
2861:List of English flags
2823:and Owen Williams of
2786:
2602:Naval ensign of India
2494:(official, local use)
2337:Naval Ensign of Tonga
2281:Naval Ensign of Ghana
2177:St. George's, Bermuda
1558:
1518:Sports fans creating
1455:
1426:Diocese of Winchester
1306:Diocese of Portsmouth
1246:Diocese of Manchester
1126:Diocese of Gloucester
1036:Diocese of Chelmsford
1006:Diocese of Canterbury
961:Diocese of Birmingham
906:
847:University of Bristol
791:
753:
607:Acts of Union of 1707
587:Further information:
567:
563:
505:
429:) and a scene of the
329:
309:Richard the Lionheart
270:
243:
212:
189:
176:Further information:
139:Argent, a cross gules
129:. It is derived from
100:
6359:Rugby Football Union
6027:House of Plantagenet
3712:on 27 September 2011
3678:. 11 December 2016.
3309:30 June 2013 at the
3131:Curry, Anne (2000).
2871:Saint Patrick's Flag
2115:Flag of Saint Helena
1620:Saint George's Cross
1576:Scottish nationalism
1520:Saint George's Cross
1441:Diocese of Worcester
1396:Diocese of St Albans
1366:Diocese of Southwark
1351:Diocese of Sheffield
1336:Diocese of Salisbury
1321:Diocese of Rochester
1261:Diocese of Newcastle
1201:Diocese of Lichfield
1186:Diocese of Leicester
1141:Diocese of Guildford
976:Diocese of Blackburn
892:University of London
804:in the first quarter
642:partition of Ireland
423:Edward the Confessor
398:Book of All Kingdoms
178:Saint George's Cross
131:Saint George's Cross
6522:Red and white flags
5911:Union with Scotland
5891:English Reformation
5886:English Renaissance
5815:Anglo-Saxon England
5575:States with limited
3675:The Daily Telegraph
3641:The Daily Telegraph
3580:The Daily Telegraph
3460:2010 FIFA World Cup
2838:The Daily Telegraph
2655:Former flag of the
2587:British Empire flag
2358:Nautical, non-naval
1568:English nationalism
1547:English nationalism
1541:English nationalism
1156:Diocese of Hereford
1021:Diocese of Carlisle
768:in the upper hoist
710:Union of the Crowns
611:Kingdom of Scotland
609:, which united the
603:Union of the Crowns
518:Union of the Crowns
516:In 1606, after the
501:battle of Agincourt
497:William Shakespeare
474:Marian persecutions
472:. Just as with the
389:Order of the Garter
360:pro peditibus regis
298:Philip II of France
294:Henry II of England
257:18 E.I, fol. 165v,
151:English Reformation
32:
6527:Flags with crosses
6440:Saint George's Day
6032:House of Lancaster
5843:Kingdom of England
5744:History of England
5569:
5013:Kirkcudbrightshire
4405:Greater Manchester
3507:Scotland on Sunday
3482:on 11 October 2006
3429:Flags of the World
3392:, Britishflags.net
3371:Flags of the World
3333:Flags of the World
3152:Perrin 1922, p. 37
3082:Flags of the World
2801:Unicode Consortium
2797:
2795:(formerly Twitter)
2738:House flag of the
2686:House flag of the
2074:(Northern Ireland)
1564:
1551:English devolution
1465:
1457:English Rugby team
1276:Diocese of Norwich
1216:Diocese of Lincoln
1051:Diocese of Chester
991:Diocese of Bristol
913:
877:University of Hull
806:
758:
738:Kingdom of Ireland
666:Kingdom of England
630:St Patrick's Cross
626:Kingdom of Ireland
615:Kingdom of England
566:
449:, commissioned by
437:Saint George's Day
336:for this privilege
290:
277:Henry Grace à Dieu
265:
238:
215:slaying the dragon
207:
115:
30:
6494:
6493:
6488:
6487:
6455:
6454:
6379:
6378:
6285:Science education
6278:Church of England
6159:
6158:
6106:
6105:
6045:
6044:
6011:Kingdom of Sussex
6006:Kingdom of Mercia
5858:Wars of the Roses
5681:
5680:
5260:
5259:
4086:
4085:
4079:Diplomatic Ensign
3432:; 23 October 2008
3141:978-0-85115-802-0
2640:Colonial flag of
1764:Flag of Melbourne
1724:Murray River Flag
1596:Liberal Democrats
1469:Cricket World Cup
1291:Diocese of Oxford
1231:Diocese of London
1096:Diocese of Exeter
922:Church of England
916:Church of England
822:several countries
551:Irish irredentism
522:St Andrew's Cross
427:Edmund the Martyr
346:Battle of Evesham
313:Republic of Genoa
223:St George's Cross
157:referred to as a
95:
94:
6534:
6507:Flags of England
6468:
6430:Royal supporters
6231:Landscape garden
6201:Country clothing
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6117:
6116:
6056:
6055:
5991:Kingdom of Essex
5754:Local government
5729:
5728:
5708:
5701:
5694:
5685:
5684:
5613:Dependencies and
5301:Sovereign states
5287:
5280:
5273:
5264:
5263:
5250:
5247:
5237:
5234:
5224:
5221:
5211:
5208:
5198:
5195:
5185:
5182:
5172:
5169:
5159:
5156:
5146:
5143:
5133:
5130:
5102:
5099:
5089:
5086:
5076:
5073:
5063:
5060:
5050:
5047:
5037:
5034:
5024:
5021:
5011:
5008:
4998:
4995:
4985:
4982:
4972:
4969:
4959:
4956:
4946:
4943:
4933:
4930:
4920:
4917:
4889:
4886:
4876:
4873:
4857:Northern Ireland
4845:
4842:
4832:
4829:
4819:
4816:
4806:
4803:
4793:
4790:
4780:
4777:
4767:
4764:
4754:
4751:
4741:
4738:
4728:
4725:
4715:
4712:
4702:
4699:
4689:
4686:
4676:
4673:
4663:
4660:
4650:
4647:
4637:
4634:
4624:
4621:
4613:Northamptonshire
4611:
4608:
4598:
4595:
4585:
4582:
4572:
4569:
4559:
4556:
4546:
4543:
4533:
4530:
4520:
4517:
4507:
4504:
4494:
4491:
4481:
4478:
4468:
4465:
4455:
4452:
4442:
4439:
4429:
4426:
4416:
4413:
4403:
4400:
4390:
4387:
4377:
4374:
4364:
4361:
4351:
4348:
4338:
4335:
4325:
4322:
4312:
4309:
4299:
4296:
4286:
4283:
4273:
4270:
4251:
4248:
4238:
4235:
4225:
4222:
4212:
4209:
4199:
4196:
4186:
4183:
4173:
4170:
4160:
4157:
4147:
4144:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4090:
4089:
4078:
4070:Civil Air Ensign
4068:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4028:
4018:
3996:Northern Ireland
3994:
3983:
3972:
3961:
3950:
3939:
3928:
3917:
3893:
3882:
3871:
3852:Northern Ireland
3850:
3840:
3830:
3820:
3807:Countries of the
3794:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3732:
3731:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3708:. Archived from
3692:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3671:
3664:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3637:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3576:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3542:
3536:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3468:
3462:
3457:
3451:
3439:
3433:
3421:
3415:
3414:
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2934:
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2767:
2751:
2742:(dissolved 1912)
2735:
2723:
2711:
2699:
2683:
2667:
2652:
2637:
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2613:
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2582:
2567:
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2487:
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2383:
2368:
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2333:
2319:
2305:
2291:
2277:
2263:
2249:
2231:
2217:
2200:
2172:
2156:
2137:
2125:
2111:
2097:
2083:
2068:
2054:
2028:
2014:
2003:Flag of Guernsey
2000:
1990:Flag of Guernsey
1986:
1976:Flag of Alderney
1972:
1950:
1935:
1920:
1908:
1898:Flag of Montreal
1894:
1880:
1866:
1856:Flag of Manitoba
1852:
1838:
1817:
1802:
1788:
1774:
1760:
1750:Flag of Adelaide
1746:
1734:
1719:
1704:
1688:
1674:
1648:cities, such as
1646:northern Italian
1572:flag of Scotland
1512:
1503:
1494:
1463:, France in 2007
1436:
1421:
1411:Diocese of Truro
1406:
1391:
1376:
1361:
1346:
1331:
1316:
1301:
1286:
1271:
1256:
1241:
1226:
1211:
1196:
1181:
1171:Diocese of Leeds
1166:
1151:
1136:
1121:
1106:
1091:
1076:
1066:Diocese of Derby
1061:
1046:
1031:
1016:
1001:
986:
971:
956:
941:
899:Contemporary use
887:
872:
857:
842:
721:
701:
681:
657:
646:Irish Free State
555:G. K. Chesterton
530:James VI & I
466:the teenage king
431:Virgin and Child
421:(accompanied by
362:
300:agreed to go on
263:
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143:Late Middle Ages
71:
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44:
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6375:
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5862:
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5718:
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5576:
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3015:(1896), p. 26).
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1553:
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1524:Wembley Stadium
1515:
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1008:
1002:
993:
987:
978:
972:
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942:
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909:Leeds Town Hall
907:Flag flying on
901:
894:
888:
879:
873:
864:
858:
849:
843:
834:
786:
748:
741:
722:
713:
702:
693:
682:
673:
658:
591:
585:
580:
508:
385:Battle of Crécy
350:Battle of Lewes
271:The Tudor navy
261:
233:
202:
184:
174:
119:flag of England
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
6540:
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5779:United Kingdom
5776:
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5664:
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5661:Other entities
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5363:Czech Republic
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5213:Merionethshire
5202:
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5148:Brecknockshire
5137:
5123:
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5110:
5109:
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5052:Outer Hebrides
5041:
5028:
5015:
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4908:
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4834:Worcestershire
4823:
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4537:
4535:Leicestershire
4524:
4511:
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4472:
4459:
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4418:Greater London
4407:
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4214:Cambridgeshire
4203:
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3902:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3897:(1222–present)
3887:
3886:(1801–present)
3876:
3875:(1801–present)
3864:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3844:
3834:
3824:
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3809:United Kingdom
3803:
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3800:
3799:
3798:(1801–present)
3796:United Kingdom
3787:
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3783:United Kingdom
3779:
3778:
3771:
3770:
3763:
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3742:
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3699:External links
3697:
3694:
3693:
3659:
3624:
3598:
3563:
3537:
3535:; 12 July 2006
3520:
3493:
3463:
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3383:City of London
3375:
3363:
3352:on 2 June 2008
3337:
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3322:Flag Institute
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3178:
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3100:NSW Parliament
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6211:Demographics
6141:Independence
5958:Contemporary
5916:Georgian era
5901:Jacobean era
5876:Tudor period
5868:Early Modern
5604:Transnistria
5555:Vatican City
5000:Isle of Skye
4987:East Lothian
4961:Berwickshire
4782:Warwickshire
4548:Lincolnshire
4257:
4240:Cinque Ports
4149:Bedfordshire
4127:
4050:Green Ensign
4040:White Ensign
3821:
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3710:the original
3684:. Retrieved
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3480:the original
3476:Daily Mirror
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3350:the original
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2817:Jeremy Burge
2798:
2670:Flag of the
2557:Historically
2490:Flag of the
2438:Orange Order
2436:Flag of the
2386:Flag of the
2235:Naval Ensign
2207:White Ensign
2190:White Ensign
2058:Flag of Fiji
2032:Flag of Sark
2018:Flag of Herm
1923:Flag of the
1805:Flag of the
1691:Flag of the
1623:
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1592:Simon Hughes
1565:
1559:Flag of the
1528:Old Trafford
1481:
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1439:Flag of the
1424:Flag of the
1409:Flag of the
1394:Flag of the
1379:Flag of the
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1334:Flag of the
1319:Flag of the
1304:Flag of the
1289:Flag of the
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1244:Flag of the
1229:Flag of the
1214:Flag of the
1199:Flag of the
1184:Flag of the
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1154:Flag of the
1139:Flag of the
1124:Flag of the
1109:Flag of the
1094:Flag of the
1079:Flag of the
1064:Flag of the
1049:Flag of the
1034:Flag of the
1019:Flag of the
1004:Flag of the
989:Flag of the
974:Flag of the
959:Flag of the
944:Flag of the
926:Earl Marshal
919:
890:Flag of the
875:Flag of the
860:Flag of the
845:Flag of the
814:White Ensign
807:
794:White Ensign
778:patron saint
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728:, following
668:, including
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6186:Anglophilia
6129:Middle Ages
5934:Regency era
5926:Late Modern
5836:Middle Ages
5795:Prehistoric
5642:Isle of Man
5577:recognition
5535:Switzerland
5470:Netherlands
4808:Westmorland
4665:Oxfordshire
4639:Northumbria
4340:East Anglia
4020:Blue Ensign
3998:(1924–1973)
3987:(1801–1922)
3976:(1541–1800)
3965:(1707–1801)
3954:(1707–1801)
3943:(1649–1660)
3932:(1327–1547)
3921:(1198–1707)
2773:(1966–2022)
2758:(1696–1963)
2604:(1950–2001)
2585:Unofficial
2573:(1600–1707)
2534:New England
2005:(1936–1985)
1956:(1682–1707)
1941:(1868–1921)
1710:(1962–2022)
1695:, Australia
776:who is the
599:of Scotland
262: 1470
248:'s rebels.
234: 1460
221:displaying
203: 1395
6501:Categories
6447:Tudor rose
6151:Parliament
5505:San Marino
5465:Montenegro
5445:Luxembourg
5425:Kazakhstan
5328:Azerbaijan
5187:Flintshire
5174:Ceredigion
5091:Sutherland
5078:South Uist
4935:Banffshire
4704:Shropshire
4522:Lancashire
4288:Derbyshire
4275:Cumberland
4175:Birmingham
4030:Red Ensign
3686:18 October
3652:18 October
3617:18 October
3591:18 October
3556:18 October
3513:23 January
3486:1 November
3405:. Fotw.net
3373:GB history
3077:Genoa page
2902:References
2876:Tudor Rose
2821:Emojipedia
2779:In Unicode
2754:Municipal
2405:house flag
2388:Portuguese
2204:Royal Navy
2161:Wellington
1618:See also:
1545:See also:
818:Union Flag
810:Royal Navy
802:Union Flag
784:Royal Navy
774:Saint Paul
662:Union Flag
595:Union Flag
583:Union Flag
546:Union Flag
526:Union Jack
447:John Cabot
419:Richard II
407:five-cross
405:and, in a
381:Edward III
163:Union Jack
133:(heraldic
111:Portsmouth
76:Proportion
6371:Wimbledon
6216:Education
6068:Districts
6051:Geography
5949:The Blitz
5906:Civil War
5820:Heptarchy
5749:Education
5732:Overviews
5632:Gibraltar
5440:Lithuania
5200:Glamorgan
4974:Caithness
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4587:Middlesex
4431:Hampshire
4162:Berkshire
3277:(1904) .
3254:0140-0460
3245:The Times
2831:sequence
2825:BBC Wales
2803:approved
2039:Elsewhere
1664:Australia
1634:countries
1580:far-right
1473:The Ashes
800:with the
557:in 1933:
457:in 1497.
451:Henry VII
302:a crusade
286:streamers
246:Wat Tyler
165:in 1606.
6475:Category
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6415:Heraldry
6320:Football
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6236:Identity
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6083:Parishes
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5759:Maritime
5739:Timeline
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5520:Slovenia
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5135:Anglesey
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4253:Cornwall
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3906:Historic
3832:Scotland
3680:Archived
3646:Archived
3612:BBC News
3585:Archived
3551:BBC News
3445:Archived
3409:11 April
3386:Archived
3335:Scotland
3307:Archived
3224:(1933).
2992:20 March
2918:Archived
2845:See also
2809:Scotland
2589:(1910–?)
2548:Flag of
2532:Flag of
2477:Victoria
2175:Flag of
2159:Flag of
2044:Commonly
1477:football
706:Scotland
613:and the
528:, which
377:Crusades
342:Edward I
292:In 1188
255:BL Royal
107:Southsea
6466:Outline
6385:Symbols
6308:Cricket
6256:Museums
6206:Cuisine
6196:Castles
6165:Culture
6124:Economy
6093:Regions
6078:Islands
6073:Gardens
6020:Related
5805:Lloegyr
5788:Ancient
5724:History
5715:England
5545:Ukraine
5495:Romania
5455:Moldova
5413:Ireland
5408:Iceland
5403:Hungary
5393:Germany
5388:Georgia
5378:Finland
5373:Estonia
5368:Denmark
5353:Croatia
5338:Belgium
5333:Belarus
5323:Austria
5318:Armenia
5313:Andorra
5308:Albania
4878:Belfast
4743:Suffolk
4691:Rutland
4600:Norfolk
4128:England
4007:Ensigns
3861:Banners
3822:England
3716:11 July
3228:. p. 9.
3105:25 June
3030:at Acre
2946:⁄
2935:⁄
2789:Twemoji
2642:Jamaica
2372:Dunkirk
2239:Bahamas
2237:of the
1658:Georgia
1654:Bologna
930:diocese
824:in the
798:defaced
686:England
542:Britain
488:Henry V
413:). The
411:Tbilisi
273:carrack
172:Origins
123:England
31:England
6480:Portal
6393:Anthem
6261:People
6088:Places
5647:Jersey
5589:Kosovo
5540:Turkey
5530:Sweden
5510:Serbia
5500:Russia
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5480:Norway
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1828:Canada
1722:Lower
1638:states
1461:Nantes
911:(2009)
770:canton
636:. The
491:, the
441:Edmund
205:–1399)
135:blazon
84:Design
6403:Flags
6300:Sport
6098:Towns
5622:Åland
5525:Spain
5450:Malta
5420:Italy
5114:Wales
5104:Tiree
5026:Moray
4948:Barra
4353:Essex
4301:Devon
3842:Wales
3121:p. 37
3043:p. 15
2986:Metro
2968:(PDF)
2813:Wales
2805:emoji
1650:Milan
812:(the
766:sword
730:Union
670:Wales
219:jupon
6266:list
6226:Fête
5118:list
4905:list
4861:list
4509:Kent
4379:Fens
4259:list
4132:list
3718:2011
3688:2018
3654:2018
3619:2018
3593:2018
3558:2018
3515:2012
3488:2006
3411:2010
3358:2008
3285:ISBN
3261:2023
3250:ISSN
3137:ISBN
3107:2016
2994:2020
2811:and
2141:Flag
1652:and
1549:and
1526:and
1471:and
792:The
760:The
736:and
534:tops
425:and
403:Nice
367:and
296:and
180:and
125:, a
117:The
6191:Art
3079:at
2819:of
2143:of
1574:in
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