1090:
940:
1105:
978:. He declared that his promise before his election as pope was sincere; that since he became pope, he had always sought to call a general council; that to prepare the general council, he had endeavored to bring an end to quarrels between rulers; that subsequent wars had made calling the council inopportune. Julius then reproached the participants at Pisa for their lack of respect by calling a council without the pope, who was supposed to lead. He also said that the three months of preparation for Pisa was not enough. Finally, he declared that no one should attach any significance to the statements made at Pisa.
639:, on 14 May 1509. In 1510, Venice negotiated with Julius II, who withdrew from the League of Cambrai and removed the censure in exchange for terms that included Venice agreeing to return disputed towns in Romagna, to renounce claims to fill vacant benefices, to acknowledge jurisdiction of ecclesiastical tribunals over clergy and their immunity to secular tribunals including exemption from taxes, to revoke all unauthorised treaties made with towns in the Papal States, to abandon appeal to a future general council against the papal bans and to concede free navigation of the
729:
238:
268:
2375:
2327:
2276:
2026:
441:
25:
562:
2245:
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678:, which judged that the pope had no right to make war upon a foreign prince and if the pope undertook such a war, the foreign prince had the right to invade the Papal States and to withdraw his subjects' obedience to the pope. The synod also threatened Julius II with a general council. Julius II ignored the French synod and again assumed personal command of the army in
850:
at Pisa. Then, he withdrew it, and the German bishops also refused to have anything to do with the schismatic tendencies of the French. On 18 July 1511, Julius II summoned a general council, the Fifth
Lateran Council, at Rome; it assembled there on 19 April 1512, with a very small attendance that had
686:, he became dangerously ill but then recovered. In October, he negotiated an anti-French alliance. In the beginning, the alliance included only the Papal States, Venice and Spain, but in November, England joined and was soon followed by the emperor and by Switzerland. The Papal States marched against
654:
declare definitively its allegiance. However, declaring allegiance to France would expose
Florence to an immediate attack, and alienate its citizens, who dreaded a conflict with the head of the Church. Additionally, Florence was full of antagonistic parties and irreconcilable interests. To gain time,
1259:
Condemnation of all propositions contradicting "the truth of the enlightened
Christian faith", restrictions on clergy teachings about the "nature of the rational soul" and regulation of university course sequences for clerics' studies in philosophy and poetry. A call to all philosophy teachers to
520:
took over in 1513, the
Council attempted various institutional, dogmatic and social welfare reforms. Institutional reforms were intended to improve unity, reduce nepotism, absenteeism, disinterest, luxury and simony for high church officials, improve the training and regulation of priests, to
1857:
1283:
The
Vatican website introduction to the session reports of the Council notes that while reform of the curia failed, suppression of the Pisa pseudo-council succeeded, though the small number of attending bishops had raised questions about its status as a true "ecumenical" council.
1279:"Yet, for all its solemnity, five years’ labors, and many sincere and earnest speakers, the Fifth Lateran was not to achieve reform. Few if any of the Council’s decrees ever left paper. A serious effort to put them into practice might have made an impression, but none was made."
618:
had encroached on papal rights in
Venetian territories by independently filling vacant episcopal sees, subjecting clergy to secular tribunals and generally disregarding the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Julius II in other ways. In 1509, Julius II joined the
1019:
at Pisa, and a similar announcement was made by Louis XII's ambassador. At the seventh session, in 1513, Carvajal and
Sanseverino separated from their French colleagues and formally renounced the schism, and they were restored by Leo X to their offices.
701:, the French were at first successful, but after his death, they yielded to the superior forces of the League. After being defeated in the Battle of Ravenna in 1512, they retreated beyond the Alps. Bologna again submitted to Julius II, and the cities of
1803:
1719:
1287:
The Pope's need for more money to finance military operations against the Turks in the Holy Lands and to re-establish Rome's prestige and centrality, which underpins several of the
Council's discussions, was behind the so-called "sale of
1893:
1300:, which were published just seven months after the close of the council. According to historian Nelson Minnich, Luther was shocked that the Lateran Council had in his view abrogated decisions of previous councils and he adopted
831:, and Louis XII. According to Shahan, dissatisfaction with treatment by Julius II, as well as subserviency to the excommunicate Louis XII, led Carvajal to that rebellious attitude. The council was held first in the choir of the
2311:. XLVIe Colloque international d'études humanistes, at the Centre d'études supérieures de la Renaissance, in Tours, 30 June to 4 July 2003. Savoir de Mantice. Vol. 12. Paris: Honoré Champion Éditeur. pp. 153–166.
1737:
1326:
According to
Leclercq, four cardinals met at Pisa and proxies representing three others, several bishops and abbots were also present. Ott set the number of cardinals at five. According to Schaff-Herzog, the schismatic
1053:, who prepared by reaching out to several individuals who had knowledge of the proceeding and structures for previous councils, such as Constance and Florence. De Grassi constructed a main council chamber inside the
939:
1839:
1089:
1755:
1875:
1139:
Participants included fifteen cardinals, the Latin patriarchs of
Alexandria and Antioch, ten archbishops, fifty-six bishops, some abbots and generals of religious orders, the ambassadors of
1120:(Giles of Viterbo) gave an inspiring opening address on the need for urgent reform, which was widely printed and puts many of the concerns of Catholic reformists and humanists, such as
1821:
2286:
1335:
was called by nine cardinals under Carvajal, three of whom, however, had not formally given assent, to convene Sept. 1, 1511. The handful of members held three sessions at Pisa.
1232:
One concerning the freedom of the Church and the dignity of bishops, that lay people have no power over clerics. Also that bishops have authority over friars in their churches.
2385:
1073:, and was designed for the purpose of having a smaller locations were the pope, cardinals, emperors, and other high-ranking members could enjoy more privacy. However, the
521:
strengthen the position of bishops over friars, and to assert the independence of the church and clergy from lay control. The social welfare reform allowed no-interest
2168:
1077:
housed only one meeting and no formal sessions were conducted in it. The details of the room, measurements, structures, and facilities were reconstructed by scholar
659:
on a diplomatic mission to France in July 1510, where he found Louis XII eager for war and inclined towards the idea of a general council to depose Julius II.
469:
1785:
1911:
747:(1431–1449) failed. At the Synods of Orleans and Tours, in 1510, the French decided to convoke a general council. In view of the Council of Constance decree
1978:
Minnich, Nelson H. (20 November 2017). "Luther, Cajetan, and Pastor Aeternus (1516) of Lateran V on Conciliar Authority". . De Gruyter. pp. 187–204.
532:
These addressed some issues that had been raised by contemporary reformers, but were not the particular issues that the subsequent Protestant Reformation
2699:
1869:[The pope urges christian rulers to make peace among themselves so that an expedition against the enemies of the christian faith may be possible]
2307:
Minnich, Nelson H. (2007). "Julius II and Leo X as presidents of the Fifth Lateran Council (1512-1517)". In Alazard, Florence; La Branca, Frank (eds.).
2563:
970:, in Rome. The bull not only was a canonical document but also was polemical in content. Julius refuted the allegation by the cardinals for their Pisa
331:
2940:
Even though the Council was moved to Ferrara in 1438 and later to Florence, some bishops refused to move and remained in a parallel Council at Basel.
842:
Maximilian I, who had planned since 1507 to procure his own election to the papacy after Julius died, at first gave his protection to the schismatic
781:
to use Pisa as the location; this estranged Julius II, and both Florence and Pisa were placed under an interdict. According to Marco Pellegrini, the
572:
2353:"A turning-point in the history of the factional system in the Sacred College : the power of the pope and cardinals in the age of Alexander VI"
799:
According to Kraus, it was intended by French politicians to restrain Julius II, and to recognize by general council of the principles of the 1438
2039:
2972:
2337:
1065:
were constructed within it, as the participants could not leave the premises during the council. A second smaller room was constructed in the
690:, which was captured on 20 January 1511. On 23 May 1511, contingents of the French army captured Bologna from the papal troops and reinstated
2459:
623:, a coalition formed to restore lands that had been recently conquered by Venice to their original owners. Julius II censured Venice with an
42:
2962:
89:
61:
1579:
462:
3007:
2982:
68:
2833:
1150:
Several decrees were published, most for institutional reform and political peace rather than doctrinal clarification, including:
854:
Julius deprived the four leading schismatic cardinals of their dignities, deposed them from their offices and excommunicated the
2977:
1104:
1011:
During the council, the ambassador of the Holy Roman Emperor announced that Maximilian had rejected the decisions made by the
75:
2410:
1983:
1589:
1175:
Establishing age limits (over 30) for bishops: this was aimed reducing nepotism and absentee bishops. The Council encouraged
455:
671:
267:
57:
1260:
complement any lesson that contradicts the Christian faith with "convincing arguments" from the Christian point of view.
1214:
and had attracted both support and opposition from within the church since their establishment in the previous century;
1058:
670:
were ready to field armies against the French. Julius II began hostilities by deposing and excommunicating his vassal,
2452:
2364:
2316:
2203:
2093:
1210:: financial institutions under strict ecclesiastical supervision, which provided loans to the needy in the manner of
744:
601:
583:
536:. As with the immediately previous Councils, it's institutional reforms were ineffectively implemented at that time.
108:
816:
2861:
2517:
1140:
967:
828:
316:
225:
1121:
1116:
The Council finally met on 3 May, 1512 at the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran. The scholar and preacher Cardinal
2798:
2743:
2711:
2692:
2556:
2525:
2493:
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509:
with a political motive of restoring peace between warring Catholic rulers and to re-assert the authority of the
321:
290:
812:
803:, drawn from the articles of the Council of Constance and the Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence. The schismatic
46:
3002:
2806:
2595:
2579:
1815:[Bull containing agreements between the pope and the most christian king of France, on the Pragmatic]
1247:
800:
362:
352:
1731:[The Pragmatic is revoked and the acts of the quasi-council of Pisa regarding the same are annulled]
2587:
2571:
2545:
2445:
1581:
The Decrees of the Fifth Lateran Council (1512–17): Their Legitimacy, Origins, Contents, and Implementation
1035:
357:
347:
254:
246:
82:
1027:
674:, who supported France. Louis XII retaliated in September 1510 by convoking a synod of French bishops at
1256:
Advocation of war against the Turks to reclaim the Holy Land, to be funded by three years of tax levies.
1061:. This chamber was surrounded by a wall to protect the privacy of the proceedings. Rooms for eating and
2841:
2726:
2359:. Cambridge studies in Italian history and culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 16.
579:
2967:
2909:
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2759:
1253:
A lengthy section calling for peace between princes, and that everyone with any influence must do so.
782:
1905:[Condemnation of every proposition contrary to the truth of the enlightened christian faith]
2992:
2767:
2533:
1275:
Little was done to put the work of the council into practice. In the view of a Franciscan teacher:
1005:
326:
1568:
Hefele, Hergenroether, and Leclercq. Histoire des Conciles, vol. VIII/1 (Paris, 1917), pp. 522-523
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An invitation to Hussites to attend and negotiate re-integration, with better security guarantees.
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2987:
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1942:
1223:
691:
285:
35:
1685:, printed at Rome, 1513; it is printed in Harduin's collection of the Councils, Vol. IX, p.1576.
2667:
2611:
2088:. Cambridge texts in the history of political thought. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
1697:"'Without Councils we cannot be saved...' Giles of Viterbo addresses the Fifth Lateran Council"
495:
429:
372:
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2378: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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2330: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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2029: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
667:
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2057:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1607:"De Grassi's 'Conciliabulum' at Lateran V: The de Gargiis Woodcut of Lateran V Re-Examined"
1239:
1218:
1047:
1023:
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transferred from Pisa to Milan because of popular opposition, possibly elected Carvajal as
832:
820:
740:
651:
393:
300:
8:
2814:
2635:
2006:
1749:[Each and all of the measures sponsored by the schismatic cardinals are rejected]
1125:
1093:
990:
647:
636:
398:
2427:
985:, the Dominican Master General, on the papal side against the conciliarist arguments of
2781:
2751:
2501:
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2140:
2132:
1993:
1961:
1665:
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1297:
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295:
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1979:
1708:
1657:
1618:
1585:
1227:
1117:
881:
728:
663:
646:
The first stages of conflict between the Papal States and France began in 1510. King
620:
548:
promised under oath to convoke a general council, but his promise was not fulfilled.
377:
1235:
A requirement that a local bishop give permission before the printing of a new book.
1204:
526:
2651:
2432:
2172:. Vol. 9 (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls. p. 73.
2116:
1310:
could have been avoided if the reforms had been implemented is a matter of debate.
1176:
1050:
924:
499:
408:
164:
152:
2178:
2103:
Constant, Eric A. (2002). "A Reinterpretation of the Fifth Lateran Council Decree
2400:
2035:
491:
259:
140:
824:
631:, along with the combined forces of the League of Cambrai, to Venetian-occupied
2885:
1921:
1903:
1885:
1867:
1849:
1831:
1813:
1795:
1765:
1747:
1729:
1302:
1078:
1070:
1001:
986:
982:
943:
923:
was a political step aimed at Julius II, who was involved in conflict with the
885:
836:
793:
758:
757:
and the delay of Julius II to convoke a general council as he had sworn in the
679:
545:
506:
184:
174:
2956:
2379:
2331:
2280:
2267:
2249:
2236:
2218:
2157:
2128:
2076:
2058:
2030:
1712:
1661:
1622:
1293:
1030:, attended the eleventh session, likely making him to first prelate from the
706:
2299:
Minnich, Nelson H. (1974), "The Participants at the Fifth Lateran Council",
2849:
997:
928:
640:
628:
522:
1851:[On setting a date for those acknowledging the Pragmatic Sanction]
1147:, continued the council, and the last session was held on 16 March 1517.
1143:
and those of Venice and of Florence. After Julius II died, his successor,
237:
1307:
1289:
1185:
Establishing peer review by cardinals of each others' visitation reports.
927:
and France. The whole matter was a futile attempt to revive 15th century
1696:
1669:
1645:
1630:
1606:
1194:
A confirmation of the excommunications of cardinals by Julius II (1512).
2136:
1144:
1129:
963:
517:
188:
2437:
2901:
1211:
687:
624:
2156: This article incorporates text from a publication in the
2120:
220:
five decrees, pawn shops allowed, permission required to print books
24:
2279: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1243:
874:
751:
710:
440:
2930:* Ecumenical status disputed within the Eastern Orthodox Church.
1767:[On the reform of credit organisations (Montes pietatis)]
1546:
1133:
1081:, who heavily relied on the diaries of Paride De Grassi himself.
1062:
683:
632:
1530:
811:
at Pisa was attended by only a few prelates including Cardinals
666:
from subjection to foreign powers. However, only Venice and the
1514:
1166:
199:
1887:[Constitution imposing taxes and closing the council]
1200:, a Bull promulgated by Leo X on 4 May 1515, sanctioning the
702:
675:
662:
Julius II was a soldier, and his goal was to free the entire
2355:. In Signorotto, Gianvittorio; Visceglia, Maria A. (eds.).
1054:
966:
of 18 July 1511, which was to meet on 19 April 1512 in the
901:
897:
770:
733:
510:
1452:
1008:
hindered the opening of the council called by Julius II.
2638:(Basel/Lausanne: 1431–1449; Ferrara/Florence: 1438–1445)
1046:
The arrangements for the council were done by the papal
981:
A war of polemics was waged about the councils, pitting
1475:
1473:
1471:
1502:
1399:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1110:
In quarta Lateranensis Concilii sessione habita oratio
2169:
New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
1833:[On the abrogation of the Pragmatic Sanction]
1492:
1490:
1488:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1387:
1246:
and the Kingdom of France and abrogation of the 1438
1468:
1773:
1349:
1263:
Requirement for documented competence in preaching.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2084:Burns, James H.; Izbicki, Thomas M., eds. (1997).
2048:. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1644:MINNICH, NELSON H.; PFEIFFER, HEINRICH W. (1970).
1605:MINNICH, NELSON H.; PFEIFFER, HEINRICH W. (1981).
1485:
1423:
1411:
635:. There, Venice suffered a complete defeat at the
2433:The Fifth General Council of the Lateran, 1512–17
2402:The Councils of the Church : a short history
2394:. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2346:. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2295:. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1226:, usually believed to have been directed against
934:
486:, held between 1512 and 1517, was the eighteenth
2954:
1191:Sumptuory regulations for cardinals and bishops.
1098:Litterae super abrogatione pragmatice sanctionis
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1827:
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1202:
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272:Renaissance depiction of the Council of Trent
2262:. Vol. 1. New York; London: Macmillan.
2258:. In Ward, Adolphus W.; et al. (eds.).
2231:. Vol. 2. New York; London: Macmillan.
2227:. In Ward, Adolphus W.; et al. (eds.).
2177:Catholic Church. Lateran Council V (2007) .
2083:
2071:. Vol. 1. New York; London: Macmillan.
2067:. In Ward, Adolphus W.; et al. (eds.).
1694:
1165:The nullification of a Papal election where
2357:Court and Politics in Papal Rome, 1492-1700
1936:
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2190:– via The IntraText Digital Library.
1540:
1446:
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456:
266:
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1556:
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1479:
1238:Confirmation of the contemporaneous 1516
796:were ever open to schismatic solutions".
602:Learn how and when to remove this message
226:Chronological list of ecumenical councils
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2834:Ancient church councils (pre-ecumenical)
2284:
2192:Introduction and translation taken from
2102:
1940:
1929:
1552:
1360:
1182:Establishing better criteria for abbots.
1162:of Pisa, quashing everything done by it.
1103:
1088:
1084:
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727:
716:
2934:
2467:
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2183:(IntraText ed.). Rome: Èulogos SpA
2034:
1977:
1959:
1779:
1683:Oratio prima Synodi Lateranensis habita
1577:
1393:
1188:Stricter regulation of the Roman curia.
573:not related to the topic of the article
551:
2955:
2398:
2383:
2193:
2162:Jackson, Samuel Macauley, ed. (1911).
1536:
1520:
1496:
1462:
931:and to use it for political purposes.
732:Contemporary engraving of the city of
2973:16th-century Catholic Church councils
2441:
2222:
1508:
1458:
1417:
880:Soon afterward, in 1512, fearing the
2062:
1962:"Fifth Lateran Council 1512-17 A.D."
1434:
1405:
1266:Apocolyptic preaching was forbidden.
1154:A rejection and condemnation of the
962:and convoked a general council by a
555:
494:and was the last council before the
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
2963:Catholic Church ecumenical councils
2335:
2254:Leathes, Stanley Mordaunt (1903) .
1381:
1306:in consequence. Whether or not the
904:, France, where they abandoned the
16:1512–17 Catholic ecumenical council
13:
2196:Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils
1941:Corrigan, George (19 March 2022).
1571:
954:Julius II was quick to oppose the
14:
3019:
2421:
2388:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
2340:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
2289:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
2042:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
1578:Minnich, Nelson H. (2018-10-24).
745:Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence
713:became part of the Papal States.
672:Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
153:Council of Basel-Ferrara-Florence
3008:16th century in the Papal States
2983:1517 disestablishments in Europe
2862:State church of the Roman Empire
2373:
2325:
2274:
2243:
2212:
2151:
2052:
2024:
1960:Fathers, Council (10 May 1512).
1141:Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
968:Archbasilica of St. John Lateran
948:Bulla monitorii et declarationis
884:invasion of the French occupied
829:Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
773:in 1511. Florence permitted the
560:
439:
399:Basel–Ferrara–Florence (1431–42)
236:
23:
2693:First seven ecumenical councils
2557:First seven ecumenical councils
2477:First seven ecumenical councils
2287:Fifth Lateran Council (1512-17)
1971:
1953:
1688:
1676:
1637:
1598:
1562:
1320:
792:"shows how some members of the
699:Gaston of Foix, Duke of Nemours
627:and deployed the armies of the
34:needs additional citations for
2301:Archivum Historiae Pontificiae
2194:Tanner, Norman P, ed. (1990).
1650:Archivum Historiae Pontificiae
1611:Archivum Historiae Pontificiae
935:Convocation of Lateran Council
58:"Fifth Council of the Lateran"
1:
2978:1512 establishments in Europe
1342:
1248:Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges
801:Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges
582:or discuss this issue on the
539:
216:Documents and statements
2386:Bernardino Lopez de Carvajal
2303:12 (1974), pp. 157–206.
2260:The Cambridge Modern History
2229:The Cambridge Modern History
2198:. London: Sheed & Ward.
2069:The Cambridge Modern History
1943:"5th Lateran: a last chance"
1292:" scandal that precipitated
813:Bernardino López de Carvajal
484:Fifth Council of the Lateran
322:Constantinople III (680–681)
124:Fifth Council of the Lateran
7:
2351:Pellegrini, Marco (2004) .
2309:La papauté à la Renaissance
2065:"Florence (II) Machiavelli"
1797:[On printing books]
1646:"Two Woodcuts of Lateran V"
1041:
1028:Archbishop of Santo Domingo
544:When elected pope in 1503,
332:Constantinople IV (869–870)
10:
3024:
2399:Tanner, Norman P. (2001).
2017:
1923:[On how to preach]
996:France's victory over the
827:. They were encouraged by
643:to Papal States subjects.
2928:
2910:Conference of Addis Ababa
2825:
2778:
2723:
2678:
2544:
2475:
2285:Leclercq, Henri (1910). "
2223:Kraus, Franz X. (1907) .
2109:Sixteenth Century Journal
2086:Conciliarism and Papalism
2063:Burd, L. Arthur (1903) .
1270:
896:participants departed to
224:
214:
206:
194:
180:
170:
158:
146:
136:
128:
123:
2727:Oriental Orthodox Church
2384:Shahan, Thomas (1908). "
2256:"Italy and her invaders"
1695:O'Reilly, Clare (1977).
1313:
1006:Battle of Ravenna (1512)
835:and then in that of the
697:Under the leadership of
2902:Synod of Constantinople
2683:Eastern Orthodox Church
2405:. New York: Crossroad.
1224:immortality of the soul
989:, the spokesman of the
851:only Italian prelates.
692:Annibale II Bentivoglio
317:Constantinople II (553)
2336:Ott, Michael (1910). "
1330:
1308:Protestant Reformation
1281:
1203:
1157:
1113:
1101:
1014:
973:
957:
951:
918:
907:
891:
868:
857:
845:
806:
787:
776:
764:
750:
736:
719:
496:Protestant Reformation
446:Catholicism portal
291:Constantinople I (381)
2428:Fifth Lateran Council
2391:Catholic Encyclopedia
2343:Catholic Encyclopedia
2292:Catholic Encyclopedia
2180:Fifth Lateran Council
2045:Catholic Encyclopedia
1277:
1108:Cristoforo Marcello,
1107:
1092:
1085:Meetings and decision
942:
731:
682:. In August 1510, at
668:Old Swiss Confederacy
571:may contain material
3003:1512 in Christianity
2918:Pan-Orthodox Council
2105:Apostolici regiminis
1240:Concordat of Bologna
1219:Apostolici Regiminis
1048:master of ceremonies
1024:Alessandro Geraldini
833:San Michele in Borgo
821:Federico Sanseverino
819:, Francesco Borgia,
743:(1414–1418) and the
741:Council of Constance
652:Republic of Florence
580:improve this section
552:Political background
430:Vatican II (1962–65)
43:improve this article
2815:Synod of Beth Lapat
2469:Ecumenical councils
1408:, pp. 197–198.
1094:Louis XII of France
991:University of Paris
817:Guillaume Briçonnet
739:The reforms of the
657:Niccolò Machiavelli
648:Louis XII of France
637:Battle of Agnadello
505:It was convoked by
425:Vatican I (1869–70)
417:19th–20th centuries
404:Lateran V (1512–17)
394:Constance (1414–18)
386:15th–16th centuries
340:12th–14th centuries
255:Ecumenical councils
2894:Synod of Jerusalem
2807:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
2782:Church of the East
2526:Constantinople III
2164:"Councils of Pisa"
1298:Ninety-five Theses
1114:
1102:
1036:Ecumenical Council
1032:Western Hemisphere
952:
737:
650:demanded that the
616:Republic of Venice
488:ecumenical council
358:Lateran III (1179)
2950:
2949:
2878:Quinisext Council
2779:Recognized by the
2724:Recognized by the
2701:Constantinople IV
2679:Recognized by the
2564:Constantinople IV
2546:Recognized by the
2518:Constantinople II
2412:978-0-8245-1904-9
1985:978-3-11-031611-7
1965:Papal Encyclicals
1918:Lateran Council V
1900:Lateran Council V
1882:Lateran Council V
1864:Lateran Council V
1846:Lateran Council V
1828:Lateran Council V
1810:Lateran Council V
1792:Lateran Council V
1762:Lateran Council V
1744:Lateran Council V
1726:Lateran Council V
1591:978-1-351-89173-8
1511:, pp. 29–30.
1228:Pietro Pomponazzi
1198:Inter multiplices
1118:Egidio da Viterbo
912:later that year.
882:Swiss mercenaries
837:Cathedral of Pisa
761:, the schismatic
664:Italian Peninsula
621:League of Cambrai
612:
611:
604:
480:
479:
363:Lateran IV (1215)
353:Lateran II (1139)
309:6th–9th centuries
278:4th–5th centuries
231:
230:
210:Church discipline
202:, mostly Italians
119:
118:
111:
93:
3015:
2968:Lateran councils
2941:
2938:
2921:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2889:
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2799:Constantinople I
2794:
2771:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2744:Constantinople I
2739:
2716:
2712:Constantinople V
2706:
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2529:
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2505:
2497:
2494:Constantinople I
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2240:
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2148:
2099:
2080:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2036:Benigni, Umberto
2028:
2027:
2011:
2010:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1989:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1938:
1927:
1915:
1909:
1897:
1891:
1879:
1873:
1861:
1855:
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1707:(1/2): 166–204.
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1379:
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1208:
1177:cardinal-nephews
1160:
1059:Lateran Basilica
1051:Paride de Grassi
1017:
976:
960:
925:Duchy of Ferrara
921:
910:
894:
871:
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848:
809:
790:
779:
767:
755:
722:
607:
600:
596:
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587:
564:
563:
556:
500:Council of Trent
472:
465:
458:
444:
443:
378:Vienne (1311–12)
348:Lateran I (1123)
270:
240:
233:
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171:Convoked by
165:Council of Trent
148:Previous council
137:Accepted by
121:
120:
114:
107:
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100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
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2993:History of Pisa
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2225:"Medicean Rome"
2213:
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2121:10.2307/4143912
2096:
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2040:Montes Pietatis
2025:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2002:
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1541:Pellegrini 2004
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1486:
1478:
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1447:Pellegrini 2004
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1392:
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1044:
937:
915:The schismatic
726:
608:
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588:
577:
565:
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554:
542:
492:Catholic Church
476:
438:
409:Trent (1545–63)
327:Nicaea II (787)
301:Chalcedon (451)
273:
260:Catholic Church
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141:Catholic Church
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52:
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17:
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2998:Pope Julius II
2995:
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2988:1510s in Italy
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2338:Pope Julius II
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2115:(2): 353–379.
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1002:Spanish Empire
987:Jacques Almain
983:Thomas Cajetan
944:Pope Julius II
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886:Duchy of Milan
862:participants.
794:Sacred College
759:papal conclave
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680:Northern Italy
655:Florence sent
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592:September 2017
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1584:. Routledge.
1583:
1582:
1574:
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1558:
1557:Schaff-Herzog
1554:
1553:Leclercq 1910
1549:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1526:
1525:Schaff-Herzog
1522:
1517:
1510:
1505:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1481:
1480:Schaff-Herzog
1476:
1474:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1420:, p. 29.
1419:
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1374:
1372:
1370:
1362:
1361:Leclercq 1910
1357:
1355:
1353:
1348:
1334:
1332:
1331:conciliabulum
1323:
1319:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1299:
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1294:Martin Luther
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1158:conciliabulum
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1075:aula concilii
1072:
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1034:to attend an
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1018:
1016:
1015:conciliabulum
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958:conciliabulum
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919:conciliabulum
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908:conciliabulum
903:
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807:conciliabulum
802:
797:
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777:conciliabulum
772:
768:
766:
765:conciliabulum
760:
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723:
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720:Conciliabulum
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
48:
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37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2936:
2850:Great Church
2715:(1341–1351)*
2710:
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2389:
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1973:
1964:
1955:
1947:friarmusings
1946:
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1796:
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1780:Benigni 1912
1775:
1766:
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1701:Augustiniana
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1413:
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1394:Leathes 1903
1389:
1328:
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1286:
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1278:
1274:
1242:between the
1217:
1201:
1197:
1155:
1149:
1138:
1126:von Staupitz
1115:
1109:
1097:
1074:
1066:
1045:
1026:, the first
1022:
1012:
1010:
998:Papal States
995:
980:
971:
955:
953:
947:
929:conciliarism
916:
914:
905:
889:
879:
866:
864:
855:
853:
843:
841:
825:René de Prie
804:
798:
785:
774:
769:convened at
762:
748:
738:
717:
696:
661:
645:
641:Adriatic Sea
629:Papal States
613:
598:
589:
578:Please help
570:
543:
531:
523:microfinance
515:
504:
483:
481:
403:
160:Next council
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2768:Ephesus III
2670:(1962–1965)
2662:(1869–1870)
2654:(1545–1563)
2646:(1512–1517)
2630:(1414–1418)
2622:(1311–1312)
2588:Lateran III
1656:: 179–214.
1617:: 147–172.
1537:Shahan 1908
1521:Shahan 1908
1497:Shahan 1908
1463:Shahan 1908
1290:indulgences
1169:is exposed.
877:Martin VI.
534:alighted on
525:lending by
2957:Categories
2760:Ephesus II
2668:Vatican II
2596:Lateran IV
2580:Lateran II
2187:2014-11-21
2003:|url=
1509:Kraus 1907
1459:Kraus 1907
1418:Kraus 1907
1343:References
1212:pawn shops
1145:Pope Leo X
1130:John Colet
964:papal bull
865:After the
540:Background
518:Pope Leo X
198:about 100
195:Attendance
189:Pope Leo X
99:March 2009
69:newspapers
2703:(879–880)
2660:Vatican I
2644:Lateran V
2628:Constance
2572:Lateran I
2566:(869–870)
2534:Nicaea II
2528:(680–681)
2510:Chalcedon
2268:609661773
2237:609661773
2145:159661929
2129:0361-0160
2107:(1513)".
2077:609661773
2038:(1912). "
1994:cite book
1713:0004-8003
1662:0066-6785
1623:0066-6785
1435:Burd 1903
1406:Burd 1903
1222:, on the
900:and then
688:Mirandola
625:interdict
584:talk page
181:President
132:1512–1517
2826:See also
2791:Nicaea I
2736:Nicaea I
2486:Nicaea I
1670:23563730
1631:23563961
1382:Ott 1910
1244:Holy See
1063:latrines
1042:Location
1000:and the
875:Antipope
783:Gallican
752:Frequens
711:Piacenza
498:and the
247:a series
245:Part of
2752:Ephesus
2612:Lyon II
2502:Ephesus
2382::
2334::
2283::
2160::
2137:4143912
2033::
2018:Sources
2005:value (
1134:Erasmus
1122:Ximenez
1069:in the
1057:of the
1004:at the
724:of Pisa
684:Bologna
633:Romagna
490:of the
258:of the
200:bishops
83:scholar
2920:(2016)
2912:(1965)
2904:(1872)
2896:(1672)
2888:(1642)
2620:Vienne
2614:(1274)
2606:(1245)
2604:Lyon I
2598:(1215)
2590:(1179)
2582:(1139)
2574:(1123)
2409:
2363:
2315:
2266:
2252::
2235:
2221::
2202:
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2075:
2061::
2001:Check
1982:
1711:
1668:
1660:
1629:
1621:
1588:
1271:Effect
1167:simony
1112:, 1513
1100:, 1512
950:, 1511
888:, the
823:, and
707:Reggio
516:After
249:on the
207:Topics
85:
78:
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2880:(692)
2852:(180–
2840:/155–
2817:(484)
2809:(410)
2801:(381)
2793:(325)
2770:(475)
2762:(449)
2754:(431)
2746:(381)
2738:(325)
2652:Trent
2536:(787)
2520:(553)
2512:(451)
2504:(431)
2496:(381)
2488:(325)
2141:S2CID
2133:JSTOR
1666:JSTOR
1627:JSTOR
1314:Notes
703:Parma
676:Tours
90:JSTOR
76:books
2407:ISBN
2361:ISBN
2313:ISBN
2264:OCLC
2233:OCLC
2200:ISBN
2125:ISSN
2090:ISBN
2073:OCLC
2007:help
1980:ISBN
1709:ISSN
1658:ISSN
1619:ISSN
1586:ISBN
1296:'s
1132:and
1055:nave
902:Lyon
898:Asti
771:Pisa
734:Pisa
709:and
614:The
511:Pope
482:The
129:Date
62:news
2870:451
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