740:
163:
1282:
359:
64:
710:
694:
560:
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322:, influenced by de Beauvoir, believed that although biological differences between females and males were innate, the concepts of femininity and masculinity had been culturally constructed, with traits such as passivity and tenderness assigned to women and aggression and intelligence assigned to men. Girls, second-wave feminists said, were then socialized with toys, games, television, and school into conforming to feminine values and behaviors. In her significant 1963 book
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8425:
969:
8413:
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6616:
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1158:(understanding and perception) is the great mother, the feminine receiver of energy and giver of form. Binah receives the intuitive insight from Chokmah and dwells on it in the same way that a mother receives the seed from the father, and keeps it within her until it's time to give birth. The intuition, once received and contemplated with perception, leads to the
4638:
The masculinity side of this dimension represents a preference in society for achievement, heroism, assertiveness and material reward for success. Society at large is more competitive. Its opposite, femininity, stands for a preference for cooperation, modesty, caring for the weak and quality of life.
1184:
initially depicted idealized womanhood as muscular, plainly dressed and strong, with good female communists shown as undertaking hard manual labour, using guns, and eschewing self-adornment. Contemporary
Western journalists portrayed communist states as the enemy of traditional femininity, describing
889:
proposes that people tend to view deviations from expected gender roles negatively. It supports the empirical evidence that gender discrimination exists in areas traditionally associated with one gender or the other. It is sometimes used to explain why people have a tendency to evaluate behavior that
536:
or facial hair. In other cultures, however, some expectations are different. For example, in many parts of the world, underarm hair is not considered unfeminine. Today, the color pink is strongly associated with femininity, whereas in the early 1900s pink was associated with boys and blue with girls.
433:
proposed the prenatal hormone theory. Their research argues that sexual organs bathe the embryo with hormones in the womb, resulting in the birth of an individual with a distinctively male or female brain; this was suggested by some to "predict future behavioral development in a masculine or feminine
1237:
is made of silky, shiny images of pretty women dressed in wonderful clothes, of pictures from women's magazines ... The images that cross the borders in magazines, movies or videos are therefore more dangerous than any secret weapon, because they make one desire that 'otherness' badly enough to risk
1217:
Communist ideology explicitly rejected some aspects of traditional femininity that it viewed as bourgeois and consumerist, such as helplessness, idleness and self-adornment. In
Communist countries, some women resented not having access to cosmetics and fashionable clothes. In her 1993 book of essays
780:
toward women who break traditional gender roles. These stereotypes include that women have a caring nature, have skill at household-related work, have greater manual dexterity than men, are more honest than men, and have a more attractive physical appearance. Occupational roles associated with these
476:
wrote that only behaviors directly connected with procreation can, strictly speaking, be described as feminine or masculine, and yet every society worldwide recognizes many additional behaviors as more suitable to females than males, and vice versa. He describes these as relatively arbitrary choices
1232:
wrote about "a complaint I heard repeatedly from women in Warsaw, Budapest, Prague, Sofia, East Berlin: 'Look at us โ we don't even look like women. There are no deodorants, perfumes, sometimes even no soap or toothpaste. There is no fine underwear, no pantyhose, no nice lingerie" and "Sometimes I
1249:
began to liberalize, their official media began representing women in more conventionally feminine ways compared with the "rotund farm workers and plain-Jane factory hand" depictions they had previously been publishing. As perfumes, cosmetics, fashionable clothing, and footwear became available to
848:
and women are perceived less favorably as potential leaders. However, some people have argued that feminine-style leadership, which is associated with leadership that focuses on help and cooperation, is advantageous over masculine leadership, which is associated with focusing on tasks and control.
3442:
dolls and ballet or wear nail polish than they are to daughters exhibiting comparably masculine behaviours. Serano notes that some behaviors, such as frequent smiling or avoiding eye contact with strangers, are considered feminine because they are practised disproportionately by women, and likely
1213:
Later, the initial state portrayals of idealized femininity as strong and hard-working began to also include more traditional notions such as gentleness, caring and nurturing behaviour, softness, modesty and moral virtue, requiring good communist women to become "superheroes who excelled in all
3428:
notes that masculine girls and women face much less social disapproval than feminine boys and men, which she attributes to sexism. Serano argues that women wanting to be like men is consistent with the idea that maleness is more valued in contemporary culture than femaleness, whereas men being
354:
Traits such as nurturance, sensitivity, sweetness, supportiveness, gentleness, warmth, passivity, cooperativeness, expressiveness, modesty, humility, empathy, affection, tenderness, and being emotional, kind, helpful, devoted, and understanding have been cited as stereotypically feminine. The
279:
as feminine or masculine. Goffman argued that women are socialized to present themselves as "precious, ornamental and fragile, uninstructed in and ill-suited for anything requiring muscular exertion" and to project "shyness, reserve and a display of frailty, fear and incompetence".
873:
argues human capital theory does not explain the sexual division of labor because many occupations tied to feminine roles, such as administrative assistance, require more knowledge, experience, and continuity of employment than low-skilled masculinized occupations, such as
508:, a domain of the unconscious that transcends the personal psyche. In the unconscious of the male, it finds expression as a feminine inner personality: anima; equivalently, in the unconscious of the female, it is expressed as a masculine inner personality: animus.
6599:
Until feminists work to empower femininity and pry it away from the insipid, inferior meanings that plague it โ weakness, helplessness, fragility, passivity, frivolity, and artificiality โ those meanings will continue to haunt every person who is female and/or
315:
were developed to measure femininity and masculinity on separate scales. Using such tests, researchers found that the two dimensions varied independently of one another, casting doubt on the earlier view of femininity and masculinity as opposing qualities.
5220:
452:
Philosopher Mary
Vetterling-Braggin argues that all characteristics associated with femininity arose from early human sexual encounters which were mainly male-forced and female-unwilling, because of male and female anatomical differences. Others, such as
3433:
in favour of femininity directly threatens the notion of male superiority as well as the idea that men and women should be opposites. To support her thesis, Serano cites the far greater public scrutiny and disdain experienced by male-to-female
295:
was adopted by other researchers and psychologists. The model posited that femininity and masculinity were innate and enduring qualities, not easily measured, opposite to one another, and that imbalances between them led to mental disorders.
266:
wrote that "no biological, psychological or economic fate determines the figure that the human female presents in society" and "one is not born, but rather becomes, a woman". The idea was picked up in 1959 by
Canadian-American sociologist
3422:, argue that feminism should not devalue feminine culture and identity, and that symbols of feminine identity such as make-up, suggestive clothing and having a sexual allure can be valid and empowering personal choices for both sexes.
449:, and feminist philosophers have argued that gender ambiguity may blur gender classification. Modern conceptualizations of femininity also rely not just upon social constructions, but upon the individualized choices made by women.
434:
direction". This theory, however, has been criticized on theoretical and empirical grounds and remains controversial. In 2005, scientific research investigating sex differences in psychology showed that gender expectations and
1266:
in the 1980s, the state stopped discouraging women from expressing conventional femininity, and gender stereotypes and commercialized sexualization of women which had been suppressed under communist ideology began to rise.
1307:
and drag are two public performances of femininity by men that have been popularly known and understood throughout many western cultures. Men who wear clothing associated with femininity are often called cross-dressers. A
861:
argues that primary sex characteristics of men and women, such as the ability to bear children, caused a historical sexual division of labor and that gender stereotypes evolved culturally to perpetuate this division.
4278:
The
Methodologies of Art: An Introduction (Boulder: Westview Press, 1996), 81. Laurie Schneider Adams " 'suddenly acquired feminine attributes: Its poetry, literary โฆ all seem to reveal the feminine spirit."
1220:
6318:
Among everyday appearance practices in contemporary
Western society, 'visible' makeup clearly marks the production of 'womanhood' and 'femininity': overall, women are the ones who wear makeup, men do not.
1197:
all day, without seeing a skirt or a sign of lipstick; without thrilling to the faintest breath of perfume; without hearing the click of high heels, or catching the glint of legs sheathed in nylon." In
3411:
reject what they regard as constricting standards of female beauty, created for the subordination and objectifying of women and self-perpetuated by reproductive competition and women's own aesthetics.
332:
wrote that the key to women's subjugation lay in the social construction of femininity as childlike, passive, and dependent, and called for a "drastic reshaping of the cultural image of femininity."
941:
is the divine feminine creative power, the sacred force that moves through the entire universe and the agent of change. She is the female counterpart without whom the male aspect, which represents
5253:
6290:
On a global scale, flowers have not only defined femininity but the history of representations of flowers in art has underpinned differences in the sexual categories of masculine and feminine.
770:
societies, including
Western ones, conventional attitudes to femininity contribute to the subordination of women, as women are seen as more compliant, vulnerable, and less prone to violence.
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693:
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contend that femininity and masculinity are created through repeated performances of gender; these performances reproduce and define the traditional categories of sex and/or gender.
709:
661:
Body alteration is the deliberate altering of the human body for aesthetic or non-medical purpose. One such purpose has been to induce perceived feminine characteristics in women.
481:. Hofstede describes as feminine behaviors including service, permissiveness, and benevolence, and describes as feminine those countries stressing equality, solidarity, quality of
1297:, although femininity is not necessarily related to a man's sexual orientation. Because men are pressured to be masculine and heterosexual, feminine men are assumed to be gay or
438:
affect behavior, and a person's gender identity can develop as early as three years of age. Money also argued that gender identity is formed during a child's first three years.
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period, predating all organized religions. Archeological finds have suggested that the earliest known shamans were female, and contemporary shamanic roles such as the Korean
5300:
3810:
5484:
208:
being in common usage, there is little scientific agreement about what femininity and masculinity are. Among scholars, the concept of femininity has varying meanings.
1531:
675:
In a few parts of Africa and Asia, neck rings are worn in order to elongate the neck. In these cultures, a long neck characterizes feminine beauty. The
Padaung of
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compared with that faced by women who dress in masculine clothes, as well as research showing that parents are likelier to respond negatively to sons who like
391:. Sexual passiveness, or sexual receptivity, is sometimes considered feminine while sexual assertiveness and sexual desire are sometimes considered masculine.
990:. The yin is also present, to a smaller proportion, in the male half. The yin can be characterized as slow, soft, yielding, diffuse, cold, wet, and passive.
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are due to socialization versus biological factors. Social and biological influences are thought to be mutually interacting during development. Studies of
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275:, who theorized that gender is not fixed or inherent but is rather a socially defined set of practices and traits that have, over time, grown to become
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1570:
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By Katie Scott, Caroline
Arscott pg 93-"...began its consideration of Venus by describing her as .... who presided over all feminine charms, for..."
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In
Western cultures, the ideal of feminine appearance has traditionally included long, flowing hair, clear skin, a narrow waist, and little or no
154:, though traits associated with femininity vary across societies and individuals, and are influenced by a variety of social and cultural factors.
4028:
1262:, they began to be presented not as bourgeois frivolities but as signs of socialist modernity. In China, with the economic liberation started by
4561:
Budgeon, Shelley(2015), 'Individualized femininity and feminist politics of choice..', European Journal of Women's Studies, 22 (3), pp. 303-318.
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Ann M. Gallagher, James C. Kaufman, Gender differences in mathematics: an integrative psychological approach, Cambridge University Press, 2005,
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have provided some evidence that femininity and masculinity are partly biologically determined. Other possible biological influences include
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1189:
in the 1950s, Western journalists described Chinese women as "drably dressed, usually in sloppy slacks and without makeup, hair waves or
573:(veil). It is considered a symbol of feminine modesty and morality. Some, however, see it as a symbol of objectification and oppression.
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Professor of English Tara Williams has suggested that modern notions of femininity in English-speaking society began during the
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By Patty O'Brien "The young beautiful Venus wringing water from her tresses was a configuration of exotic femininity that wasโฆ
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because of how they perform their gender. This assumption limits the way one is allowed to express one's gender and sexuality.
527:
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David Winston, The Wisdom of Solomon: a new translation with introduction and commentary, (New York, Doubleday, 1979), p. 194
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factors and biological factors. To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is
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Female leaders are more often described by Western media using characteristics associated with femininity, such as emotion.
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Tedlock, Barbara. 2005. The Woman in the Shaman's Body: Reclaiming the Feminine in Religion and Medicine. New York: Bantam.
3295:
3225:
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is a man who wears flamboyant women's clothing and behaves in an exaggeratedly feminine manner for entertainment purposes.
6032:
Amazons of the Huk Rebellion: Gender, Sex, and Revolution in the Philippines (New Perspectives in Southeast Asian Studies)
477:
mediated by cultural norms and traditions, identifying "masculinity versus femininity" as one of five basic dimensions in
8379:
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3305:
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1154:, Chokmah (wisdom and intuition) is the force in the creative process that God used to create the heavens and the earth.
162:
739:
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cross-dress." The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004.
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1030:, have explored the idea of "God as mother", examining the feminine qualities attributed to God. For example, in the
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220:
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1985:
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theory, this retracts from the female investment in higher education and employment training. Richard Anker of the
6620:
4412:
Ehrhardt, Anke A.; H. F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg (1981). "Effects of Prenatal Sex Hormones on Gender-Related Behavior".
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or discrimination, remains impotent and void. As the female manifestation of the supreme lord, she is also called
6874:
6797:
4511:
Butler, Judith (1999 ), Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (New York and London: Routledge).
1498:
1443:
167:
6406:
Taywaditep, Kittiwut Jod (2001). "Marginalization Among the Marginalized: Gay Men's Anti-Effeminacy Attitudes".
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Scanlon, Jennifer, Bad girls go everywhere: the life of Helen Gurley Brown, Oxford University Press US, 2009,
4907:"I didn't want to wear my hijab, and don't believe very young girls should wear them today | Iman Amrani"
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759:
399:
341:
108:
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1193:" and wrote that "Glamour was communism's earliest victim in China. You can stroll the cheerless streets of
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1508:
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In many cultures, men who display qualities considered feminine are often stigmatized and labeled as weak.
5810:
Oak, Sung-Deuk (2010). "Healing and Exorcism: Christian Encounters with Shamanism in Early Modern Korea".
5601:"Description and Prescription: How Gender Stereotypes Prevent Women's Ascent Up the Organizational Ladder"
5115:
1764:
461:, argue that the definition of femininity is the result of how females must behave in order to maintain a
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8297:
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8179:
8169:
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7398:
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Joanne Hollows; Rachel Moseley (February 17, 2006). Feminism in popular culture. Berg Publishers. p. 84.
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1800:
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34:
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2088:
1385:
372:
116:
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Eagly, Alice H.; Karau, Steven J. (2002). "Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders".
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7257:
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have resulted from women's attempts to negotiate through a world which is sometimes hostile to them.
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1992:
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of the unconscious mind. The anima and animus are described by Jung as elements of his theory of the
52:
30:
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were considered a distinctly masculine type of shoe, though they are currently considered feminine.
63:
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8005:
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7245:
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Hill, Darryl B (2006). "Feminine" Heterosexual Men: Subverting Heteropatriarchal Sexual Scripts?".
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2007:
1980:
1893:
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4276:
3997:"Formidable-Femininity": Performing Gender and Third Wave Feminism in a Women's Self-Defense Class
668:, smaller feet were considered to be a more aristocratic characteristic in women. The practice of
544:
have been criticized as restrictive, unhealthy, and even racist. In particular, the prevalence of
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8174:
7928:
7884:
7877:
7228:
3871:
3829:
3122:
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2773:
2766:
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1963:
1705:
1026:, God "is neither man nor woman: he is God". Several recent writers, such as feminist theologian
407:
111:, and there is also some evidence that some behaviors considered feminine are influenced by both
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7938:
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Jung, Carl. The Psychology of the Unconscious, Dvir Co., Ltd., Tel-Aviv, 1973 (originally 1917)
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The practice of bearing children tends to interrupt the continuity of employment. According to
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308:
236:
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5199:(2. impr. with modifications. ed.). Geneva: International Labour Office. pp. 23โ30.
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that treats men and masculinity as different from, and opposite to, women and femininity. In
589:
Cultural standards vary on what is considered feminine. For example, in 16th century France,
541:
493:
349:
324:
6029:
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4139:
878:. Anker argues the feminization of certain occupations limits employment options for women.
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was intended to enhance this characteristic, though it made walking difficult and painful.
600:, sheath and beaded net dresses were considered female clothing, while wraparound dresses,
590:
458:
383:
relationships has been studied by scholars, as femininity is related to women's and girls'
368:
319:
303:
of the 1970s, researchers began to move away from the MโF model, developing an interest in
890:
fulfills the prescriptions of a leader role less favorably when it is enacted by a woman.
521:
8:
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5775:
Lee, Jung Yong (August 1973). "Concerning the Origin and Formation of Korean Shamanism".
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1693:
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1035:
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288:
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Scientific efforts to measure femininity and masculinity were pioneered by psychologists
191:
151:
68:
5277:
The Changing Face of Medicine: Women Doctors and the Evolution of Health Care in America
4425:
647:
and a high-waisted overgown, and a plucked forehead and beehive or turban-style hairdo.
243:
of wife and mother changed, and opportunities opened up for women in society. The words
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spheres", including working at jobs not traditionally regarded as feminine in nature.
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5483:
Heilman, Madeline E.; Wallen, Aaron S.; Fuchs, Daniella; Tamkins, Melinda M. (2004).
5457:
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2107:
2083:
1958:
1938:
1925:
1886:
1881:
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1849:
1749:
1324:
1285:
Flowers and makeup are stereotypically associated with femininity in Western culture.
1229:
1083:
1050:
830:
810:
435:
276:
180:
176:
81:
6333:, February 17, 1998, 72 pages, No. 753, ISSN 0001-8996, Published by Here Publishing
5585:
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7134:
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7040:
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7013:
6993:
6934:
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6435:
6415:
6380:
5901:
5847:
5784:
5661:
5612:
5561:
5553:
5499:
5469:
5449:
4967:
The Greenwood encyclopedia of clothing through world history: Prehistory to 1500 CE
4542:
4534:
4457:
4429:
3729:
3157:
3152:
3062:
2990:
2985:
2945:
2898:
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2810:
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2459:
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2143:
2097:
2073:
1997:
1970:
1933:
1776:
1769:
1759:
1739:
1683:
1666:
1607:
1360:
1155:
1054:
794:
754:). Primary and secondary school teaching is often considered a feminine occupation.
665:
549:
545:
497:
7321:
5485:"Penalties for Success: Reactions to Women Who Succeed at Male Gender-Typed Tasks"
8417:
7872:
7731:
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7465:
7423:
7340:
7328:
7267:
7213:
7161:
7124:
7045:
7008:
6944:
5194:
5047:"The Art of Social Change: Campaigns against foot-binding and genital mutilation"
4692:
Dubious Equalities and Embodied Differences: Cultural Studies on Cosmetic Surgery
3525:
3353:
2761:
2570:
2558:
2364:
2309:
2289:
2247:
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2002:
1948:
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1128:
1113:
1098:
1088:
1042:
858:
845:
777:
656:
633:
395:
212:
184:
5692:
The woman in the shaman's body: reclaiming the feminine in religion and medicine
5453:
4337:
Reinventing the Sexes: The Biomedical Construction of Femininity and Masculinity
8385:
8224:
7676:
7525:
7345:
7296:
7146:
7030:
6584:
Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity
6582:
6302:
Beausoleil, Natalie (1994). "Makeup in Everyday Life". In Sault, Nicole (ed.).
5503:
4938:
4213:'Femininity,' 'Masculinity,' and 'Androgyny': A Modern Philosophical Discussion
3477:
3435:
3132:
2575:
2540:
2349:
2165:
2117:
1911:
1871:
1754:
1304:
1202:, changing from high heels to worker's boots symbolized women's shift from the
1144:
1118:
1108:
1064:
1031:
1027:
834:
621:
605:
473:
454:
355:
defining characteristics of femininity vary between and even within societies.
268:
216:
898:
358:
8459:
7610:
7570:
7565:
7480:
7279:
7151:
6959:
4834:
Polygendered and Ponytailed: The Dilemma of Femininity and the Female Athlete
4538:
3502:
3397:
2434:
2394:
2389:
2304:
2051:
2014:
1639:
1634:
1294:
1263:
1174:
Porcelain statue of a woman in communist China - Cat Street Market, Hong Kong
1159:
1019:
1007:
942:
875:
866:
716:
597:
553:
430:
384:
329:
272:
6652:
5788:
5666:
5616:
5557:
4625:
4433:
3726:
International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, Volume 8
1340:
7783:
7686:
7625:
7560:
7555:
7515:
7470:
7240:
7218:
7077:
7072:
6998:
6964:
6427:
6221:
5796:
5650:"A Global Look at Psychological Barriers to Women's Progress in Management"
5511:
5461:
5324:
5138:
4779:
3425:
2655:
2585:
2449:
2384:
2379:
2339:
2294:
2056:
1975:
1953:
1854:
1729:
1602:
1251:
1246:
1234:
1170:
987:
972:
903:
806:
802:
734:
700:
669:
629:
380:
284:
240:
96:
6419:
5566:
4441:
7067:
6976:
6384:
6251:
Women at the Top: Powerful Leaders Tell Us How to Combine Work and Family
6140:(1. publ. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 113.
3487:
3472:
3430:
2068:
1859:
1190:
1136:
919:
818:
767:
640:
617:
567:
In many Muslim countries, women are required to cover their heads with a
442:
415:
204:
6627:
3763:
Inventing Womanhood: Gender and Language in Later Middle English Writing
1063:
is described as feminine. In many books of the Old Testament, including
7711:
7475:
5245:"More British women in 'high status' professions than men, finds study"
5166:
Microaggressions in everyday life: race, gender, and sexual orientation
4547:
3482:
3467:
2615:
2600:
2299:
1309:
1290:
1276:
1255:
1079:
is God's "creative agent," she must be intimately identified with God.
790:
744:
604:, cosmetics, and elaborate jewelry were worn by both men and women. In
462:
426:
139:
5859:
7706:
7311:
6200:(1. HarperPerennial ed., repr. ed.). New York: HarperPerennial.
6003:
Gilmartin, Christina K.; Hershatter, Gail; Rofel, Lisa, eds. (1994).
4811:(New ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 210โ213.
4786:(8th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Higher Education. p. 157.
4523:"The ethics of nobody I know: Gender and the politics of description"
3724:
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915:
782:
720:
556:
has frequently been blamed on the modern feminine ideal of thinness.
533:
489:
482:
446:
304:
124:
5542:"Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes and Backlash Towards Agentic Women"
4598:
Masculinity and Femininity: The Taboo Dimension of National Cultures
4110:
Gender/Body/Knowledge: Feminist Reconstructions of Being and Knowing
470:
Masculinity and Femininity: the Taboo Dimension of National Cultures
7751:
7545:
7418:
7166:
6696:
6088:
Australia's China: Changing Perceptions from the 1930s to the 1990s
6063:
Australia's China: Changing Perceptions from the 1930s to the 1990s
5851:
4522:
3457:
3391:
2369:
2242:
1810:
1332:
968:
962:
954:
950:
946:
786:
625:
601:
419:
411:
375:(possibly a self-portrait), depicts an independent feminine spirit.
147:
112:
4459:
The Lenses of Gender: Transforming the Debate on Sexual Inequality
3560:(7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. pp. 269โ272.
6929:
6615:
6565:
6511:
2041:
1259:
1225:
1093:
1034:, God is compared to a mother comforting her child, while in the
841:, are dominated by a masculine culture and have a higher salary.
822:
798:
684:
485:, and the resolution of conflicts by compromise and negotiation.
256:
187:
143:
3527:
Gale Researcher Guide for: The Continuing Significance of Gender
6641:
6479:
5301:"Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, 2012 Provisional Results"
4411:
3665:
The Sociology of Gender: An Introduction to Theory and Research
3439:
1194:
1103:
1068:
1059:
1018:โmany theologians argue that this is not meant to indicate the
998:
979:
938:
923:
609:
224:
172:
132:
120:
77:
6399:
4564:
4393:
5838:
Osgood, Charles E (1973). "From Yang and Yin to and or but".
5347:
Women and leadership: transforming visions and diverse voices
5320:"What each job gets paid: find yours and see how it compares"
1298:
1045:
describes the divine creation of the world out of nothing or
930:
680:
676:
581:
569:
232:
138:
Traits traditionally cited as feminine include gracefulness,
100:
6090:. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. pp. 234โ240.
6007:. Cambridge (Mass.): Harvard University Press. p. 304.
5196:
Gender and Jobs: Sex Segregation of Occupations in the World
6665:
6344:
Straight Acting: Gay Men, Masculinity and Finding True Love
6226:
Communism Unwrapped: Consumption in Cold War Eastern Europe
958:
934:
814:
644:
613:
585:
In some cultures, cosmetics are associated with femininity.
228:
123:
and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and
104:
3861:
283 Alle here lymes so wel answerynge Weren to womanhode."
1185:
women in communist countries as "mannish" perversions. In
852:
223:
were referred to simply within their traditional roles of
6138:
Women, Communism, and Industrialization in Postwar Poland
5482:
4323:
Fantasies of femininity: reframing the boundaries of sex
776:
influence traditional feminine occupations, resulting in
687:, for instance, practice this form of body modification.
639:
The typical feminine outfit of aristocratic women of the
239:
wiped out approximately half the population, traditional
128:
6499:
Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity.
6002:
4889:"Wearing the Hijab in Solidarity Perpetuates Oppression"
6065:. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. p. 242.
4370:
Gender, power, and communication in human relationships
4359:
4357:
3947:
Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity
837:. Certain medical specializations, such as surgery and
175:) is a classic representation of femininity painted by
6228:. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 230.
5274:
4809:
Women and Children in Health Care: An Unequal Majority
4368:. In Kalbfleisch, Pamela J.; Cody, Michael J. (eds.).
3632:(2nd ed.). Routledge. pp. 153โ154, 218โ225.
4205:
4203:
4201:
965:, with inspiration being the life force of creation.
387:
to men and boys. Femininity is sometimes linked with
6779:
Timeline of women's legal rights (other than voting)
6450:
A Passion to Preserve: Gay Men as Keepers of Culture
4354:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4142:
The Routledge Companion to Feminism and Postfeminism
4031:. In Borgatta, Edgar F.; Montgomery, Rhonda (eds.).
703:
for women were considered aristocratic and feminine.
379:
The relationship between feminine socialization and
5880:(5th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 197โ199.
4664:(Paperback ed.). Manchester University Press.
3593:
Masculinity and Femininity in the MMPI-2 and MMPI-A
986:represents the primary force of the female half of
719:people of Burma (Myanmar) associate the wearing of
6193:
5533:
5243:
4570:
4463:. New Haven u.a.: Yale University Press. pp.
4456:
4209:
4198:
4037:(2nd ed.). Macmillan Reference USA. pp.
3851:
3809:
1010:is typically described in masculine termsโsuch as
6485:
4399:
4333:
4164:
8457:
6187:
6185:
6005:Engendering China: Women, Culture, and the State
5967:
5965:
5169:. US, Canada: John Wiley and Sons. p. 172.
4659:
3689:Manifestations of Venus: art and sexuality pg 93
3596:. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 5โ13.
949:, the basic nature of intelligence by which the
6576:
6574:
6111:Turner, Bryan S.; Yangwen, Zheng, eds. (2009).
5378:Women and Leadership: A Contextual Perspective
4927:, Global Media, 2007, 8189940295, 9788189940294
4086:. Manchester University Press. pp. 10โ12.
3999:. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. p. 10.
3755:
3753:
51:"Feminine" redirects here. For other uses, see
6249:Halpern, Diane F. and Fanny M. Cheung (2010).
6224:; Neuburger, Mary, eds. (September 20, 2012).
5871:
5869:
4997:. Essortment.com. May 16, 1986. Archived from
4586:, Stanford: Stanford University Press, p. 207.
4286:
4284:
3917:
6681:
6657:
6304:Many Mirrors: Body Image and Social Relations
6278:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 45.
6220:
6182:
6110:
5978:(1st U.S. ed.). New York: Ecco. p.
5962:
5946:. Christ-centeredkabbalah.org. Archived from
5433:
5023:. Cogitz.com. August 29, 2009. Archived from
5021:"Binding: Bone Breaking Beauty, August, 2009"
4863:. New York: Oxford University Press. p.
3371:
1038:, God is said to have given birth to Israel.
844:Leadership is associated with masculinity in
190:principally associated with love, beauty and
6571:
6159:
6157:
4696:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. p.
4683:
4681:
4639:Society at large is more consensus-oriented.
4363:
3750:
3728:(2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 893โ897.
3585:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3577:
1221:How We Survived Communism & Even Laughed
445:and feminine characteristics are considered
422:(both during development and in adulthood).
6267:
5866:
5539:
4281:
3892:
636:, a rectangular mantle, and the maphorion.
335:
15:
7439:African-American women's suffrage movement
6688:
6674:
6405:
6301:
6276:Useless Beauty: Flowers and Australian Art
6196:How we Survived Communism and even Laughed
5439:
5412:Encyclopedia of Women and Gender, Volume 1
4720:
4292:Female stereotypes in religious traditions
4249:Encyclopedia of Women and Gender, Volume 1
4177:
4026:
3589:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3378:
3364:
2263:African-American women's suffrage movement
926:continue to be filled primarily by women.
511:
394:Scholars have debated the extent to which
58:Attributes associated with women and girls
16:
6164:Fawn, Rick; White, Stephen, eds. (2002).
6163:
6154:
6115:. New York: Berghahn Books. p. 183.
6036:. University of Wisconsin Press. p.
5665:
5592:
5565:
5476:
5372:
5370:
5275:Boulis, Ann K.; Jacobs, Jerry A. (2010).
4961:
4959:
4678:
4546:
4327:
4317:
4315:
3969:
3921:The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
3719:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3668:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 29โ31.
3657:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3574:
441:People who exhibit a combination of both
95:) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and
7384:Discrimination against transgender women
6306:. Rutgers University Press. p. 33.
6191:
5734:
5703:
5540:Rudman, Laurie A.; Glick, Peter (2001).
5241:
5188:
5186:
5069:Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2004,
4856:
4806:
4800:
4595:
4084:Feminism, Femininity and Popular Culture
4022:
4020:
4018:
4016:
3759:
3555:
3530:. Gale, Cengage Learning. pp. 1โ5.
3519:
3517:
2208:Discrimination against transgender women
1280:
1169:
997:
967:
897:
893:
881:
738:
580:
563:Muslim woman wearing a headdress (Hijab)
558:
357:
161:
62:
24:This is an accepted version of this page
6452:, University of Wisconsin Press, 2005,
6248:
6135:
6085:
6060:
6027:
5875:
5598:
4836:. Toronto: Women's Press. p. 147.
4831:
4448:
4340:. Indiana University Press. p. 1.
4290:Ria Kloppenborg, Wouter J. Hanegraaff,
4237:
4235:
4233:
4184:. Oxford University Press. p. 63.
4178:Burke, Peter J.; Stets, Jan E. (2009).
4081:
4064:
4027:Stets, Jan E.; Burke, Peter J. (2000).
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3723:
3661:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3590:Martin, Hale; Finn, Stephen E. (2010).
3544:
853:Explanations for occupational imbalance
157:
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8458:
6580:
5944:"The Kabbalah Of Isaac Luria Glossary"
5837:
5647:
5641:
5367:
5317:
5223:. Litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com
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5156:
4956:
4939:"Why did men stop wearing high heels?"
4936:
4778:
4753:
4520:
4364:Pearson, Judy C.; Cooks, Leda (1995).
4312:
4210:Vetterling-Braggin, Mary, ed. (1982).
4137:
4106:
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3706:
3646:
3523:
1075:. According to David Winston, because
699:In China until the twentieth century,
528:Gendered associations of pink and blue
522:Clothing ยง Gender differentiation
7727:Post-structuralist discourse analysis
7004:Gender-critical or trans-exclusionary
6669:
6656:
6346:, Kensington Publishing Corp., 2008,
6273:
5971:
5279:. Ithaca, N.Y.: ILR. pp. 94โ98.
5256:from the original on January 12, 2022
5192:
5183:
4687:
4624:. The Hofstede Centre. Archived from
4216:. Rowman & Allanheld. p. 5.
4113:. Rutgers University Press. pp.
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4058:
4013:
3625:
3514:
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518:Physical attractiveness ยง Female
6512:"Sally Feldman โ Heights of madness"
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5728:
5404:
5398:
5380:, Springer Publishing Company, 2004
5242:Beckford, Martin (August 11, 2009).
4969:, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008,
4937:Kremer, William (January 24, 2013).
4334:van den Wijngaard, Marianne (1997).
4241:
4230:
3880:participating institution membership
3838:participating institution membership
3610:
1250:ordinary women in the Soviet Union,
937:is the female aspect of the divine.
918:may have originated as early as the
728:
472:, Dutch psychologist and researcher
364:Portrait of Charlotte du Val d'Ognes
271:and in 1990 by American philosopher
84:as the personification of femininity
5878:Christian Theology: An Introduction
5809:
5774:
5741:Britannica Online Encyclopedia 2008
5318:Rogers, Simon (November 22, 2012).
4662:The Last Taboo: Women and Body Hair
4454:
4034:Encyclopedia of Sociology, Volume 2
1147:(divine inspiration) are feminine.
1071:, wisdom is personified and called
906:consider shamanism a feminine role.
48:
6329:"Why do gays fall for straights?"
5908:from the original on March 3, 2013
5902:"Catechism of the Catholic Church"
5694:, Random House Digital, Inc., 2005
5109:
4055:
3734:10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.35015-2
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107:. Femininity can be understood as
49:
8477:
6608:
4372:. Psychology Press. p. 333.
3819:262 O serpent under femynynytee."
1315:
479:his theory of cultural dimensions
313:Personal Attributes Questionnaire
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8424:
8423:
8411:
7971:Democratic Republic of the Congo
7394:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
6640:
6626:
6614:
6550:
6526:
6504:
6491:
6470:
6442:
6364:
6336:
6323:
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5136:
5066:Culture and customs of Thailand.
4660:Lesnik-Oberstein, Karรญn (2010).
3347:
2879:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2218:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
1339:
1024:Catechism of the Catholic Church
708:
692:
6242:
6214:
6129:
6104:
6079:
6054:
6021:
5996:
5936:
5920:
5894:
5831:
5822:
5803:
5768:
5759:
5697:
5684:
5339:
5311:
5293:
5268:
5235:
5213:
5130:
5103:
5080:
5057:
5039:
5013:
4987:
4930:
4917:
4899:
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4857:Esposito, John L., ed. (2003).
4850:
4825:
4772:
4758:. Gardners Books. p. 315.
4747:
4714:
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4644:
4614:
4589:
4576:
4555:
4514:
4505:
4481:
4405:
4270:
4131:
4100:
4075:
3988:
3963:
3938:
3911:
3886:
3844:
3802:
3558:Sociology: A Global Perspective
3556:Ferrante, Joan (January 2010).
1241:As communist countries such as
1238:one's life trying to escape."
957:, the universal creative force
6566:https://books.google.com/books
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5305:Office for National Statistics
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4860:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam
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4622:"National Culture: Dimensions"
3694:
3682:
3396:Feminist philosophers such as
3311:Women's suffrage organizations
1293:men are often associated with
221:Women in the Early Middle Ages
13:
1:
6631:The dictionary definition of
5492:Journal of Applied Psychology
5407:"Cross-Cultural Gender Roles"
5221:"Women's Rights Law Reporter"
4729:. London: Routledge. p.
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425:In 1959, researchers such as
342:Sex differences in psychology
262:In 1949, French intellectual
73:
8333:Suffragists and suffragettes
6695:
6168:(1 ed.). London: Cass.
6136:Fidelis, Malgorzata (2010).
5876:McGrath, Alister E. (2010).
5828:Sacred Sanskrit words, p.111
5599:Heilman, Madeline E (2001).
4995:"What is body modification?"
4527:Qualitative Research Journal
4455:Bem, Sandra Lipsitz (1993).
3995:Ziegler, Kathryn A. (2010).
3893:de Beauvoir, Simone (2010).
3296:Suffragists and suffragettes
3226:American feminist literature
1165:
7:
6514:. New Humanist. May 7, 2008
6192:Drakuliฤ, Slavenka (2003).
5648:Schein, Virginia E (2001).
5454:10.1037/0033-295X.109.3.573
5409:. In Worell, Judith (ed.).
4246:. In Worell, Judith (ed.).
3771:Ohio State University Press
3629:Gender, Nature, and Nurture
3446:
2536:Views on transgender topics
2526:Views on sexual orientation
871:International Labour Office
10:
8482:
5504:10.1037/0021-9010.89.3.416
5415:. Academic Press. p.
4832:Daniels, Dayna B. (2009).
4721:McLoughlin, Linda (2000).
4600:. SAGE Publications, Inc.
4252:. Academic Press. p.
4107:Jaggar, Alison M. (1989).
3972:Gender and Popular Culture
3626:Lippa, Richard A. (2005).
3389:
1274:
743:Teacher in a classroom in
732:
654:
525:
515:
502:anthropomorphic archetypes
404:prenatal androgen exposure
373:Metropolitan Museum of Art
339:
99:generally associated with
50:
8405:
8345:
8284:
8277:
7956:
7663:
7414:Female genital mutilation
7357:
7290:
7187:
6907:
6896:
6823:Majority-Muslim countries
6788:
6755:
6712:
6703:
6663:
6658:Links to related articles
6086:Strahan, Lachlan (1996).
6061:Strahan, Lachlan (1996).
6028:Lanzona, Vina A. (2009).
5706:"Shamanism in Prehistory"
5405:Best, Deborah L. (2001).
4725:The Language of Magazines
4571:Vetterling-Braggin (1982)
3970:Milestone, Katie (2011).
3867:Oxford English Dictionary
3825:Oxford English Dictionary
3327:Women's rights by country
2238:Female genital mutilation
1270:
1002:Holy Wisdom: Hagia Sophia
953:exists and functions. In
643:was an undershirt with a
608:, clothing was generally
542:feminine ideals of beauty
463:patriarchal social system
400:gender-specific behaviors
53:Feminine (disambiguation)
8380:Women's studies journals
8338:Women's rights activists
6899:Movements and ideologies
6587:. Berkeley: Seal Press.
6486:van den Wijngaard (1997)
6408:Journal of Homosexuality
6373:Journal of Men's Studies
5654:Journal of Social Issues
5605:Journal of Social Issues
5546:Journal of Social Issues
5139:"Long Neck Ring Wearing"
4596:Hofstede, Geert (1998).
4582:Pateman, Carole (1988).
4539:10.1108/QRJ-03-2014-0011
4521:Laurie, Timothy (2014).
4400:van den Wijngaard (1997)
4082:Hollows, Joanne (2000).
4029:"Femininity/Masculinity"
3662:Wharton, Amy S. (2005).
3463:Feminization (sociology)
3332:Feminists by nationality
3306:Women's studies journals
3301:Women's rights activists
2029:Movements and ideologies
1228:journalist and novelist
1160:creation of the Universe
827:Occupational segregation
336:Behavior and personality
31:latest accepted revision
7924:International relations
5789:10.1163/156852773x00321
5667:10.1111/0022-4537.00235
5617:10.1111/0022-4537.00234
5558:10.1111/0022-4537.00239
5349:Wiley-Blackwell, 2007,
5193:Anker, Richard (2001).
4434:10.1126/science.7209510
3945:Butler, Judith (1990).
3918:Erving Goffman (1959).
3872:Oxford University Press
3830:Oxford University Press
3760:Williams, Tara (2011).
2720:International relations
1591:Intersectional variants
512:Clothing and appearance
457:, Ria Kloppenborg, and
8353:Conservative feminisms
7653:Women in the workforce
7621:Violence against women
7596:Sexual objectification
7556:Opposition to feminism
6763:Bicycling and feminism
6619:Quotations related to
6581:Serano, Julia (2007).
6166:Russia after Communism
5972:Brown, Archie (2009).
5737:"Prehistoric religion"
4754:Bolich, G. G. (2007).
4242:Kite, Mary E. (2001).
4146:. Routledge. pp.
4138:Gamble, Sarah (2002).
4065:Millett, Kate (1968).
3701:The Pacific muse pg 49
3246:Conservative feminisms
2501:Bicycling and feminism
2477:Women in the workforce
2445:Violence against women
2420:Sexual objectification
2380:Opposition to feminism
1647:Vegetarian ecofeminism
1286:
1175:
1003:
975:
907:
755:
586:
564:
506:collective unconscious
389:sexual objectification
376:
309:Bem Sex Role Inventory
255:are first recorded in
237:Black Death in England
195:
127:traits, regardless of
85:
80:, showing the goddess
8393:Women in peacekeeping
7934:Revisionist mythology
7377:Children's literature
6420:10.1300/j082v42n01_01
5716:on September 28, 2011
5086:Thesander, Marianne.
4688:Davis, Kathy (2003).
3493:Nature versus nurture
3409:second-wave feminists
3276:Feminist rhetoricians
3266:Feminist philosophers
2818:Revisionist mythology
2521:Views on prostitution
2506:Criticism of marriage
2201:Children's literature
1284:
1173:
1001:
971:
901:
894:Religion and politics
887:Role congruity theory
882:Role congruity theory
781:stereotypes include:
760:as a social construct
742:
723:with feminine beauty.
584:
562:
494:analytical psychology
361:
350:Nature versus nurture
325:The Feminine Mystique
320:Second-wave feminists
165:
121:female biological sex
117:conceptually distinct
66:
7836:Pathways perspective
7682:Gender mainstreaming
7601:Substantive equality
7581:Reproductive justice
7531:Matriarchal religion
7389:Diversity (politics)
6649:at Wikimedia Commons
6501:New York; Routledge.
6385:10.3149/jms.1402.145
5442:Psychological Review
5163:Derald, Sue (2010).
5112:"Bound by tradition"
4756:Conversing on Gender
4244:"Gender Stereotypes"
3420:third-wave feminists
3256:Feminist art critics
3231:Feminist comic books
3188:Lists and categories
2867:By continent/country
2698:Pathways perspective
2581:Gender mainstreaming
2516:Views on pornography
2425:Substantive equality
2405:Reproductive justice
2355:Matriarchal religion
2213:Diversity (politics)
2154:Political lesbianism
1464:Other women's rights
764:binary gender system
612:, though women wore
500:are the two primary
459:Wouter J. Hanegraaff
369:Marie-Denise Villers
328:, American feminist
291:in the 1930s. Their
158:Overview and history
109:socially constructed
8418:Feminism portal
8298:Ecofeminist authors
8148:Trinidad and Tobago
8088:Republic of Ireland
7949:Composition studies
7631:Women's empowerment
7586:Sex workers' rights
7511:Feminist capitalism
7491:Internalized sexism
7429:Feminism in culture
7312:Kurdish (Jineology)
6497:Butler, J. (1990).
6274:Elias, Ann (2015).
6253:. Wiley-Blackwell.
5950:on January 28, 2012
5710:Bradshaw foundation
5521:on October 30, 2011
5250:The Daily Telegraph
5089:The feminine ideal.
5053:. October 22, 2010.
5001:on January 28, 2016
4913:. February 2, 2018.
4584:The Sexual Contract
4426:1981Sci...211.1312E
4420:(4488): 1312โ1318.
3897:. New York: Knopf.
3870:(Online ed.).
3828:(Online ed.).
3790:on November 6, 2016
3498:Sociology of gender
3453:Feminine psychology
3429:willing to give up
3354:Feminism portal
3261:Feminist economists
3251:Ecofeminist authors
3056:Trinidad and Tobago
2996:Republic of Ireland
2688:Composition studies
2455:Women's empowerment
2410:Sex workers' rights
2335:Feminist capitalism
2315:Internalized sexism
2253:Feminism in culture
1366:History of feminism
1187:revolutionary China
1036:Book of Deuteronomy
1022:. According to the
346:Feminine psychology
289:Catherine Cox Miles
215:at the time of the
69:Venus with a Mirror
21:Page version status
7794:Literary criticism
7672:Complementarianism
7399:Effects on society
7367:Complementarianism
7179:Women's liberation
5143:www.huaypukeng.com
5051:The New York Times
4925:Art of shoe making
4784:Feminist Frontiers
4628:on August 31, 2013
4366:"Gender and Power"
3416:lipstick feminists
3402:Simone de Beauvoir
2666:Literary criticism
2531:Views on sexuality
2223:Effects on society
2191:Complementarianism
2171:Women's liberation
1926:Religious variants
1900:trans-exclusionary
1618:Radical lesbianism
1287:
1176:
1152:Christian Kabbalah
1004:
994:Abrahamic theology
976:
908:
839:emergency medicine
774:Gender stereotypes
756:
587:
565:
377:
264:Simone de Beauvoir
198:Despite the terms
196:
168:The Birth of Venus
86:
27:
8453:
8452:
8447:
8446:
8401:
8400:
7811:Political ecology
7717:รcriture fรฉminine
7616:Triple oppression
7606:Toxic masculinity
7591:Sexual harassment
7456:Feminist stripper
7434:Feminist movement
7353:
7352:
7291:Ethnic and racial
6892:
6891:
6645:Media related to
6562:978-1-84520-223-1
6546:978-0-19-534205-5
6466:978-0-299-19684-4
6360:978-0-7582-1943-5
6313:978-0-8135-2080-3
6285:978-1-4438-8457-0
5904:. paragraph 239.
5887:978-1-4443-3514-9
5747:on April 14, 2015
5394:978-0-8261-9221-9
5363:978-1-4051-5582-3
5286:978-0-8014-7662-4
5206:978-92-2-109524-8
5176:978-0-470-49140-9
5098:978-1-86189-004-7
5075:978-0-313-32128-3
4983:978-0-313-33663-8
4818:978-0-19-510870-5
4793:978-0-07-340430-1
4671:978-0-7190-8323-5
4501:978-0-521-82605-1
4308:978-90-04-10290-3
4191:978-0-19-538827-5
3878:(Subscription or
3836:(Subscription or
3743:978-0-08-097087-5
3675:978-1-40-514343-1
3603:978-0-8166-2444-7
3567:978-0-8400-3204-1
3388:
3387:
3339:
3338:
2858:
2857:
2848:womanist theology
2791:Political ecology
2622:รcriture fรฉminine
2549:
2548:
2440:Triple oppression
2430:Toxic masculinity
2415:Sexual harassment
2280:Feminist stripper
2258:Feminist movement
1819:
1818:
1750:Africana womanism
1581:
1580:
1230:Slavenka Drakulic
1084:The Wisdom of God
1051:Wisdom literature
982:, the concept of
831:gender inequality
729:Traditional roles
664:For centuries in
554:Western countries
468:In his 1998 book
436:stereotype threat
177:Sandro Botticelli
18:
8473:
8437:
8436:
8427:
8426:
8416:
8415:
8414:
8282:
8281:
8265:History of women
7742:Political theory
7643:
7636:Women-only space
7521:Likeability trap
7409:Female education
6905:
6904:
6900:
6860:African-American
6790:Women's suffrage
6781:
6768:Feminist history
6710:
6709:
6690:
6683:
6676:
6667:
6666:
6654:
6653:
6644:
6630:
6618:
6603:
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6524:
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6502:
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6396:
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6362:
6342:Pezzote, Angelo
6340:
6334:
6327:
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6320:
6299:
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6126:
6113:The Body in Asia
6108:
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5819:
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5772:
5766:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5752:
5743:. Archived from
5732:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5721:
5712:. Archived from
5701:
5695:
5690:Barbara Tedlock
5688:
5682:
5681:
5669:
5645:
5639:
5638:
5596:
5590:
5589:
5569:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5520:
5514:. Archived from
5489:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5402:
5396:
5374:
5365:
5345:Chin, Jean Lau,
5343:
5337:
5336:
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5332:
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5297:
5291:
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5160:
5154:
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5151:
5149:
5134:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5123:
5114:. Archived from
5110:Walker, Andrew.
5107:
5101:
5084:
5078:
5063:Kislenko, Arne.
5061:
5055:
5054:
5043:
5037:
5036:
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5032:
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5010:
5008:
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4963:
4954:
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4923:Brown, William,
4921:
4915:
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4391:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4361:
4352:
4351:
4331:
4325:
4321:Ussher, Jane M.
4319:
4310:
4288:
4279:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4239:
4228:
4227:
4207:
4196:
4195:
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3992:
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3890:
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3883:
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3863:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3833:
3821:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3789:
3783:. Archived from
3768:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3721:
3704:
3698:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3659:
3644:
3643:
3623:
3608:
3607:
3587:
3572:
3571:
3553:
3542:
3541:
3521:
3414:Others, such as
3380:
3373:
3366:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3291:Feminist parties
3286:Muslim feminists
3281:Jewish feminists
3192:
3191:
3173:History of women
2796:Political theory
2564:
2563:
2494:
2493:
2467:
2460:Women-only space
2345:Likeability trap
2233:Female education
2047:Anti-pornography
1902:
1901:
1897:
1613:Lesbian of color
1596:
1595:
1473:Women's suffrage
1449:Muslim countries
1444:Women's suffrage
1361:Feminist history
1354:
1353:
1343:
1320:
1319:
1200:communist Poland
1055:wisdom tradition
795:data entry clerk
753:
750:
712:
701:tiny, bound feet
696:
550:eating disorders
498:anima and animus
301:women's movement
75:
39:6 September 2024
8481:
8480:
8476:
8475:
8474:
8472:
8471:
8470:
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8449:
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8443:
8434:
8412:
8410:
8397:
8341:
8273:
8272:
8271:
8180:Northern Cyprus
7952:
7944:Science fiction
7737:Oedipus complex
7697:Women's studies
7659:
7658:
7657:
7641:
7551:Oedipus complex
7541:Men in feminism
7506:Language reform
7486:Ideal womanhood
7466:Gender equality
7461:Formal equality
7424:Feminationalism
7349:
7317:Native American
7286:
7285:
7284:
7183:
7093:Post-structural
6898:
6888:
6784:
6777:
6773:Women's history
6751:
6699:
6694:
6659:
6611:
6606:
6595:
6579:
6572:
6555:
6551:
6531:
6527:
6517:
6515:
6510:
6509:
6505:
6496:
6492:
6484:
6480:
6475:
6471:
6448:Fellows, Will,
6447:
6443:
6404:
6400:
6369:
6365:
6341:
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6328:
6324:
6314:
6300:
6296:
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6272:
6268:
6261:
6247:
6243:
6236:
6219:
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6208:
6190:
6183:
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6134:
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6105:
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5942:
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5911:
5909:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5888:
5874:
5867:
5836:
5832:
5827:
5823:
5812:Asian Ethnology
5808:
5804:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5760:
5750:
5748:
5733:
5729:
5719:
5717:
5702:
5698:
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5524:
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5477:
5438:
5434:
5427:
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5399:
5376:Klenke, Karin,
5375:
5368:
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5340:
5330:
5328:
5316:
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5299:
5298:
5294:
5287:
5273:
5269:
5259:
5257:
5240:
5236:
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5224:
5219:
5218:
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5207:
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5184:
5177:
5161:
5157:
5147:
5145:
5137:Keng, Huay Pu.
5135:
5131:
5121:
5119:
5118:on May 22, 2015
5108:
5104:
5085:
5081:
5062:
5058:
5045:
5044:
5040:
5030:
5028:
5027:on July 9, 2012
5019:
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5014:
5004:
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4988:
4964:
4957:
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4931:
4922:
4918:
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4900:
4893:www.nytimes.com
4887:
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4294:, BRILL, 1995,
4289:
4282:
4275:
4271:
4264:
4240:
4231:
4224:
4208:
4199:
4192:
4181:Identity Theory
4176:
4165:
4158:
4136:
4132:
4125:
4105:
4101:
4094:
4080:
4076:
4068:Sexual Politics
4063:
4056:
4049:
4025:
4014:
4007:
3993:
3989:
3982:
3968:
3964:
3957:
3943:
3939:
3932:
3916:
3912:
3905:
3891:
3887:
3877:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3817:Man of Law's T.
3807:
3803:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3766:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3722:
3707:
3699:
3695:
3687:
3683:
3676:
3660:
3647:
3640:
3624:
3611:
3604:
3588:
3575:
3568:
3554:
3545:
3538:
3522:
3515:
3511:
3449:
3418:and some other
3394:
3384:
3348:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3242:
3189:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3088:Northern Cyprus
2868:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2676:Science fiction
2627:
2606:Women's studies
2571:Feminist method
2561:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2491:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2465:
2375:Oedipus complex
2365:Men in feminism
2330:Language reform
2310:Ideal womanhood
2290:Gender equality
2285:Formal equality
2248:Feminationalism
2185:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2132:Post-structural
2031:
2021:
2020:
2019:
1928:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1899:
1896:Gender-critical
1895:
1894:
1845:Femonationalism
1829:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1794:Native American
1734:
1689:Critical theory
1651:
1593:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1532:Second Republic
1460:
1430:
1397:
1371:Women's history
1351:
1318:
1279:
1273:
1233:think the real
1182:revolutionaries
1168:
1141:divine presence
1087:is feminine in
1043:Book of Genesis
996:
913:
911:Asian religions
896:
884:
859:Deborah L. Best
855:
846:Western culture
801:, salesperson,
778:microaggression
751:
737:
731:
724:
713:
704:
697:
659:
657:Body alteration
653:
651:Body alteration
632:women wore the
579:
530:
524:
516:Main articles:
514:
396:gender identity
352:
338:
213:medieval period
160:
59:
56:
47:
46:
45:
44:
43:
42:
26:
12:
11:
5:
8479:
8469:
8468:
8451:
8450:
8445:
8444:
8442:
8441:
8431:
8421:
8406:
8403:
8402:
8399:
8398:
8396:
8395:
8390:
8386:SCUM Manifesto
8382:
8377:
8372:
8371:
8370:
8365:
8355:
8349:
8347:
8343:
8342:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8288:
8279:
8275:
8274:
8270:
8269:
8268:
8267:
8257:
8255:United Kingdom
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8151:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8080:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8009:
8008:
8003:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7983:
7978:
7973:
7962:
7961:
7960:
7958:
7954:
7953:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7929:Existentialism
7926:
7921:
7916:
7915:
7914:
7904:
7899:
7898:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7885:Existentialism
7882:
7881:
7880:
7878:Justice ethics
7870:
7865:
7860:
7850:
7845:
7840:
7839:
7838:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7802:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7761:
7760:
7759:
7754:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7677:Gender studies
7674:
7669:
7667:
7661:
7660:
7656:
7655:
7650:
7648:Women's rights
7645:
7642:Women's health
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7526:Male privilege
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7495:International
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7452:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7380:
7379:
7369:
7363:
7362:
7361:
7359:
7355:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7337:
7336:
7326:
7325:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7292:
7288:
7287:
7283:
7282:
7277:
7276:
7275:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7254:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7233:
7232:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7206:
7201:
7195:
7194:
7193:
7191:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7181:
7176:
7175:
7174:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7138:
7137:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7101:
7100:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7049:
7048:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6985:
6984:
6974:
6969:
6968:
6967:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6911:
6909:
6902:
6894:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6886:
6885:
6884:
6883:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6862:
6857:
6847:
6846:
6845:
6838:United Kingdom
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6794:
6792:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6782:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6759:
6757:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6738:
6737:
6727:
6722:
6716:
6714:
6707:
6701:
6700:
6693:
6692:
6685:
6678:
6670:
6664:
6661:
6660:
6651:
6650:
6638:
6624:
6610:
6609:External links
6607:
6605:
6604:
6594:978-1580051545
6593:
6570:
6549:
6525:
6503:
6490:
6478:
6469:
6441:
6398:
6363:
6335:
6322:
6312:
6294:
6284:
6266:
6260:978-1405171052
6259:
6241:
6235:978-0199827671
6234:
6213:
6206:
6181:
6174:
6153:
6147:978-0521196871
6146:
6128:
6122:978-1845455507
6121:
6103:
6096:
6078:
6071:
6053:
6047:978-0299230944
6046:
6020:
6013:
5995:
5989:978-0061138799
5988:
5961:
5935:
5919:
5893:
5886:
5865:
5852:10.2307/412460
5846:(2): 380โ412.
5830:
5821:
5802:
5783:(2): 135โ159.
5767:
5758:
5735:Karl J. Narr.
5727:
5704:Jean Clottes.
5696:
5683:
5676:
5660:(4): 675โ688.
5640:
5625:
5611:(4): 657โ674.
5591:
5576:
5567:2027.42/146421
5552:(4): 743โ762.
5532:
5498:(3): 416โ427.
5475:
5448:(3): 573โ598.
5432:
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5397:
5366:
5338:
5310:
5292:
5285:
5267:
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5205:
5182:
5175:
5155:
5129:
5102:
5079:
5056:
5038:
5012:
4986:
4965:Condra, Jill,
4955:
4929:
4916:
4898:
4880:
4873:
4849:
4843:978-0889614765
4842:
4824:
4817:
4799:
4792:
4771:
4765:978-0615156705
4764:
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4706:
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4190:
4163:
4156:
4130:
4123:
4099:
4092:
4074:
4054:
4047:
4012:
4006:978-3838307671
4005:
3987:
3981:978-0745643946
3980:
3962:
3955:
3937:
3930:
3910:
3904:978-0307265562
3903:
3895:The Second Sex
3885:
3843:
3801:
3780:978-0814211519
3779:
3749:
3742:
3705:
3693:
3681:
3674:
3645:
3638:
3609:
3602:
3573:
3566:
3543:
3536:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3478:Gender studies
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3448:
3445:
3436:cross-dressers
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3271:Feminist poets
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3241:
3240:
3238:Feminist songs
3235:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3214:by nationality
3206:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3165:
3163:United Kingdom
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2870:
2869:
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2862:
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2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2840:
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2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2774:Existentialism
2771:
2770:
2769:
2767:Justice ethics
2759:
2754:
2749:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2725:Constructivism
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2632:Areas of study
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2576:Gender studies
2573:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2541:SCUM Manifesto
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2472:Women's rights
2469:
2466:Women's health
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2350:Male privilege
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2319:International
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2166:Technofeminism
2163:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2105:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1941:
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1930:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1920:
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1915:
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1909:
1904:
1891:
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1889:
1884:
1879:
1869:
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1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:Other variants
1827:
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1822:
1817:
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1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
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1554:Cayman Islands
1549:United Kingdom
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1357:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1317:
1316:Feminist views
1314:
1305:Cross-dressing
1272:
1269:
1167:
1164:
1145:Ruach HaKodesh
1032:Book of Isaiah
1028:Sallie McFague
995:
992:
912:
909:
895:
892:
883:
880:
854:
851:
835:gender pay gap
733:Main article:
730:
727:
726:
725:
714:
707:
705:
698:
691:
666:Imperial China
655:Main article:
652:
649:
622:Ancient Greece
606:Ancient Persia
578:
575:
513:
510:
474:Geert Hofstede
455:Carole Pateman
337:
334:
299:Alongside the
269:Erving Goffman
219:in the 1300s.
217:bubonic plague
159:
156:
119:from both the
57:
28:
22:
19:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8478:
8467:
8464:
8463:
8461:
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8422:
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8408:
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8404:
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8391:
8388:
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8373:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8360:
8359:
8356:
8354:
8351:
8350:
8348:
8344:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8287:
8283:
8280:
8276:
8266:
8263:
8262:
8261:
8260:United States
8258:
8256:
8253:
8251:
8248:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8238:
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8141:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8110:
8109:
8108:Latin America
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
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8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
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8049:
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7939:Technoscience
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7809:
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7800:
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7789:Art criticism
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7702:Men's studies
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7611:Transmisogyny
7609:
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7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
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7572:
7571:Purplewashing
7569:
7567:
7566:Protofeminism
7564:
7562:
7559:
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7554:
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7509:
7507:
7504:
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7498:
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7489:
7487:
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7481:Honor killing
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7157:Transnational
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7026:Individualist
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6928:
6926:
6925:Anti-abortion
6923:
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6881:
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6850:United States
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6637:at Wiktionary
6636:
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6538:0-19-534205-4
6535:
6529:
6513:
6507:
6500:
6494:
6487:
6482:
6473:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6458:0-299-19684-4
6455:
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6437:
6433:
6429:
6425:
6421:
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6413:
6409:
6402:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6382:
6379:(2): 145โ59.
6378:
6374:
6367:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6352:0-7582-1943-1
6349:
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6339:
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6222:Bren, Paulina
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5677:9781405100847
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5426:0-12-227245-5
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5386:0-8261-9221-1
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5355:1-4051-5582-5
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4975:0-313-33663-6
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4780:Taylor, Verta
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4740:0-415-21424-6
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4360:
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4347:0-253-21087-9
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4300:90-04-10290-6
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4223:0-8226-0399-3
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3949:. Routledge.
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3537:9781535861175
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3503:Transfeminine
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3398:Judith Butler
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3168:United States
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3034:
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3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3018:
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3016:Latin America
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3004:
3002:
2999:
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2989:
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2838:Technoscience
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2708:
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2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
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2664:
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2661:Art criticism
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2649:
2647:
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2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2619:
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2614:
2612:
2611:Men's studies
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
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2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:Views on BDSM
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
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2496:
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2486:
2478:
2475:
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2461:
2458:
2456:
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2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2435:Transmisogyny
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2395:Purplewashing
2393:
2391:
2390:Protofeminism
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
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2351:
2348:
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2331:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2316:
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2308:
2306:
2305:Honor killing
2303:
2301:
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2286:
2283:
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2274:
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2249:
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2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2079:Individualist
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2052:Cyberfeminism
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1913:
1910:
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1861:
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1857:
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1838:
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1833:
1832:
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1738:
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1723:Transnational
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1311:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1295:homosexuality
1292:
1283:
1278:
1268:
1265:
1264:Deng Xiaoping
1261:
1257:
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1239:
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1006:Although the
1000:
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940:
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891:
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876:truck driving
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863:
860:
857:Psychologist
850:
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598:Ancient Egypt
594:
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386:
385:sexual appeal
382:
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330:Betty Friedan
327:
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286:
281:
278:
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273:Judith Butler
270:
265:
260:
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8328:Rhetoricians
8318:Philosophers
8210:Saudi Arabia
8006:South Africa
7868:Epistemology
7821:Anthropology
7816:Architecture
7779:Legal theory
7687:Gynocentrism
7626:War on women
7561:Pro-feminism
7516:Gender-blind
7471:Gender quota
7444:Art movement
7241:Dianic Wicca
7120:Sex-positive
7083:Postcolonial
6950:Conservative
6930:Anti-fascist
6633:
6623:at Wikiquote
6598:
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6518:November 13,
6516:. Retrieved
6506:
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6481:
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5952:. Retrieved
5948:the original
5938:
5922:
5912:February 12,
5910:. Retrieved
5896:
5877:
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5824:
5818:(1): 95โ128.
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5745:the original
5740:
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5714:the original
5709:
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5325:The Guardian
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5260:November 13,
5258:. Retrieved
5249:
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5215:
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5132:
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5116:the original
5105:
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5065:
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5050:
5041:
5031:November 13,
5029:. Retrieved
5025:the original
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4999:the original
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4942:
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4919:
4911:the Guardian
4910:
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4383:. Retrieved
4369:
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3804:
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3785:the original
3762:
3725:
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3684:
3664:
3628:
3592:
3557:
3526:
3426:Julia Serano
3424:
3413:
3406:
3395:
3118:Saudi Arabia
2914:South Africa
2757:Epistemology
2732:Legal theory
2651:Architecture
2641:Anthropology
2620:
2586:Gynocentrism
2450:War on women
2385:Pro-feminism
2340:Gender-blind
2295:Gender quota
2268:Art movement
2042:Anti-fascist
1976:Dianic Wicca
1855:Postfeminism
1730:Xenofeminism
1713:Postcolonial
1630:Sex-positive
1303:
1288:
1252:East Germany
1247:Soviet Union
1240:
1235:Iron Curtain
1219:
1216:
1212:
1177:
1149:
1143:of God) and
1122:
1112:
1102:
1092:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1058:
1040:
1015:
1011:
1005:
988:yin and yang
983:
977:
973:Yin and yang
933:traditions,
928:
914:
885:
864:
856:
843:
803:receptionist
772:
762:relies on a
757:
735:Gender roles
674:
670:foot binding
663:
660:
638:
630:Ancient Rome
595:
588:
568:
566:
539:
531:
487:
469:
467:
451:
440:
424:
393:
381:heterosexual
378:
362:
353:
323:
318:
298:
292:
285:Lewis Terman
282:
261:
250:
244:
241:gender roles
235:. After the
210:
203:
199:
197:
166:
137:
92:
88:
87:
67:
60:
38:
29:This is the
23:
8368:Comic books
8293:Art critics
8215:South Korea
8195:Philippines
8175:New Zealand
8170:Netherlands
7902:Pornography
7890:Metaphysics
7831:Criminology
7826:Archaeology
7799:Film theory
7501:Women's Day
7251:Ecofeminist
7110:Reactionary
7058:Materialist
6833:Switzerland
6828:New Zealand
6747:Fourth-wave
6730:Second-wave
6414:(1): 1โ28.
5148:October 22,
4948:January 25,
4548:10453/44221
3488:Masculinity
3473:Gender role
3431:masculinity
3123:South Korea
3103:Philippines
3083:New Zealand
3078:Netherlands
2801:Pornography
2779:Metaphysics
2693:Criminology
2671:Film theory
2646:Archaeology
2325:Women's Day
2127:Libertarian
2069:Ecofeminism
1986:Ecofeminist
1867:Reactionary
1860:Neofeminism
1801:Multiracial
1706:Ecofeminist
1701:Materialist
1544:Switzerland
1524:New Zealand
1191:nail polish
1137:Holy Spirit
1053:and in the
920:Paleolithic
807:housekeeper
768:patriarchal
758:Femininity
752: 2008
641:Renaissance
620:. Women in
618:headscarves
447:androgynous
416:epigenetics
205:masculinity
152:sensitivity
93:womanliness
8466:Femininity
8358:Literature
8303:Economists
8023:Bangladesh
7957:By country
7907:Psychology
7863:Empiricism
7858:Aesthetics
7853:Philosophy
7712:Patriarchy
7692:Matriarchy
7497:Girl's Day
7476:Girl power
7449:In hip hop
7372:Literature
7307:Indigenous
7246:Reclaiming
7142:Standpoint
7115:Separatism
7088:Postmodern
6982:Vegetarian
6972:Difference
6915:Analytical
6742:Third-wave
6725:First-wave
6647:Femininity
6634:femininity
6621:Femininity
6207:0060975407
6175:0714652938
6097:0521484979
6072:0521484979
6014:0674253329
5331:August 16,
4874:0195125584
4632:August 14,
4607:0761910298
4157:0415243106
4124:0813513790
4093:0719043956
3974:. Polity.
3956:0415389550
3931:0385094027
3924:. Anchor.
3882:required.)
3859:Troylus I.
3840:required.)
3794:August 14,
3509:References
3483:Marianismo
3468:Effeminacy
3390:See also:
3319:Categories
3221:Literature
2931:Bangladesh
2806:Psychology
2752:Empiricism
2747:Aesthetics
2742:Philosophy
2616:Patriarchy
2601:Matriarchy
2321:Girl's Day
2300:Girl power
2273:In hip hop
2196:Literature
2159:Separatist
2137:Postmodern
2103:Difference
2037:Analytical
1981:Reclaiming
1789:Indigenous
1694:Standpoint
1623:Separatist
1475:by country
1310:drag queen
1291:Effeminate
1277:Effeminacy
1275:See also:
1256:Yugoslavia
1254:, Poland,
829:maintains
791:accountant
745:Madagascar
721:neck rings
591:high heels
577:In history
548:and other
526:See also:
427:John Money
340:See also:
246:femininity
200:femininity
140:gentleness
89:Femininity
8113:Argentina
8073:Indonesia
8063:Hong Kong
8018:Australia
7919:Seriality
7843:Geography
7769:Sociology
7722:Economics
7707:Kyriarchy
7209:Christian
7189:Religious
7130:Socialist
6920:Anarchist
6865:States of
6803:Australia
6600:feminine.
6393:145293218
5751:March 28,
5720:March 11,
5635:144504496
4533:: 64โ78.
3209:Feminists
3021:Argentina
2981:Indonesia
2971:Hong Kong
2926:Australia
2833:Sociology
2715:Geography
2705:Economics
2596:Male gaze
2591:Kyriarchy
2062:Networked
1944:Christian
1679:Jineology
1667:Anarchist
1657:Socialist
1537:Francoist
1489:Australia
1435:Timelines
1208:socialism
1204:bourgeois
1179:Communist
1166:Communism
1133:Shekhinah
1124:Sapientia
1117:, and in
1047:ex nihilo
916:Shamanism
683:women of
628:; and in
626:himations
534:body hair
490:Carl Jung
483:work-life
443:masculine
408:evolution
305:androgyny
293:MโF model
252:womanhood
192:fertility
125:masculine
76:1555) by
8460:Category
8429:Category
8363:American
8235:Thailand
8190:Pakistan
8160:Malaysia
8143:Paraguay
8133:Honduras
7981:Ethiopia
7848:Pedagogy
7774:Rhetoric
7764:Sexology
7757:Womanist
7752:Thealogy
7747:Theology
7546:Misogyny
7419:Femicide
7404:Equality
7358:Concepts
7273:Orthodox
7236:Neopagan
7224:Womanist
7204:Buddhist
7172:Africana
7167:Womanism
7063:Maternal
7053:Lipstick
7019:Activism
6989:Equality
6955:Cultural
6940:Carceral
6875:Virginia
6855:Timeline
6798:Timeline
6735:timeline
6720:Timeline
6697:Feminism
6428:11991561
5906:Archived
5840:Language
5797:11615020
5586:54219902
5525:July 23,
5512:15161402
5462:12088246
5254:Archived
5122:July 25,
4943:BBC News
4782:(2008).
4039:997โ1005
3857:CHAUCER
3815:CHAUCER
3458:Feminism
3447:See also
3392:Feminism
3204:Articles
3143:Thailand
3098:Pakistan
3068:Malaysia
3051:Paraguay
3041:Honduras
2889:Ethiopia
2843:Theology
2828:Sexology
2823:Sex wars
2737:Pedagogy
2490:Outlooks
2370:Misogyny
2243:Femicide
2228:Equality
2184:Concepts
2149:Cultural
2108:Equality
2089:Stiletto
2084:Lipstick
2008:Orthodox
1971:Neopagan
1959:Womanist
1939:Buddhist
1887:Embedded
1882:Imperial
1877:Carceral
1850:Maternal
1811:Womanism
1499:Colombia
1386:Canadian
1376:American
1333:Feminism
1325:a series
1323:Part of
1245:and the
1226:Croatian
963:feminine
955:Hinduism
951:Universe
947:Prakriti
833:and the
602:perfumes
546:anorexia
420:hormones
412:genetics
371:, 1801,
311:and the
277:labelled
148:humility
113:cultural
35:reviewed
8375:Parties
8250:Ukraine
8245:Vietnam
8155:Lebanon
8053:Germany
8043:Finland
8038:Denmark
8013:Albania
8001:Senegal
7996:Nigeria
7912:Therapy
7895:Science
7806:Biology
7334:Mizrahi
7302:Chicana
7263:Islamic
7199:Atheist
7135:Marxist
7105:Radical
7041:Liberal
7036:Lesbian
7014:Hip hop
6994:Eugenic
6935:Atheist
6908:General
6880:Wyoming
6713:General
6705:History
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5470:1283792
4442:7209510
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4414:Science
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3153:Vietnam
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