1324:
1213:
1301:
1404:
1576:
1257:
875:(about 42 mya), the miacids started to branch into two distinct groups of the order Carnivora: the Feliforms and Caniforms. The miacid precursors to the extant Feliforms remained forest-dwelling, arboreal or semi-arboreal ambush hunters, while the Caniform precursors were more mobile, opportunistic hunters. While it is clear that the first Feliforms appeared at this time, there is no clear common ancestor of the Feliform families in the fossil records. As forest dwellers, the early Feliforms were subject to more rapid decomposition in the absence of sedimentary materials, resulting in large gaps in the fossil records.
178:
539:
431:
569:
1381:
833:
112:
1494:
1176:
524:
554:
642:
claws (the fossa and the
Malagasy civet) and others do not (the falanouc and Malagasy mongooses). They all tend to have slender bodies and pointed rostra (except the fossa, which has a blunt snout). Diet varies with size and form of the species and, like their mainland counterparts, ranges from small mammals, insects and invertebrates through to crustaceans and molluscs.
509:
629:. The eight species in the family exhibit significant variations in form. These differences initially led to the species in this family sharing common names with, and being placed in the different families of, apparently more similar species on the mainland (e.g. civets and mongoose). However, phylogenetic analysis of
402:
The separation of the
Carnivora into the broad groups of feliforms and caniforms is widely accepted, as is the definition of Feliformia and Caniformia as suborders (sometimes superfamilies). The classification of feliforms as part of the Feliformia suborder or under separate groupings continues to
863:
The miacoids are divided into two groups: the miacids, with a full complement of molars, and the viverravines with a reduced number of molars and more specialized carnassials. These dental differences resemble the difference between
Caniforms (with more teeth) and Feliforms (with fewer teeth) but
417:
Systematic classifications dealing with both extant and extinct taxa vary more widely. Some separate the feliforms (extant and extinct) as
Aeluroidea (superfamily) and Feliformia (suborder). Others include all feliforms (extant, extinct and "possible ancestors") into the Feliformia suborder. Some
641:
The differences in form make it difficult to concisely summarise the species in this family. The range in size is as diverse as the range in form, with smaller species at less than 500 g (1 lb) and the largest species at up to 12 kg (26 lb). Some have retractile or semi-retractile
816:) has 30 living species. They all have long bodies, short legs with retractile claws, and usually long tails. In weight, the species range from 0.5–14 kg (1.1–30.9 lb). Some occur in Southern Europe, but most in Africa and Asia. Their diet ranges from fruit and plants to insects,
739:. All have non-retractile claws. They are smaller as a family, ranging from 1 kg (2.2 lb) to 5 kg (11 lb), and typically have long, slender bodies and short legs. Diet varies based on species size and available food sources, ranging from small mammals, birds to
418:
studies suggest this inclusion of "possible ancestors" into
Feliformia (or even Carnivora) may be spurious. The extinct (†) families as reflected in the taxa chart are the least problematic in terms of their relationship with extant feliforms (with the most problematic being
1701:
Eizirik, E., W.J. Murphy, K.P. Koepfli, W.E. Johnson, J.W. Dragoo, R.K.Wayne, en S.J. O’Brien, 2010. Pattern and timing of the diversification of the mammalian order
Carnivora inferred from multiple nuclear gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56: 49-63.
1893:
Gaubert, P., & Veron, G. (2003). "Exhaustive sample set among
Viverridae reveals the sister-group of felids: the linsangs as a case of extreme morphological convergence within Feliformia". Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B, 270 270 (1532): 2523–30.
735:) has 32 species. Previously, these were placed in the family Viverridae. However, Wilson and Reeder (1993) established the herpestids as morphologically and genetically distinct from viverrids. They are extant in Africa, Middle East and
591:. Most species are arboreal or semiarboreal ambush hunters. Target prey vary based on the species size and available food sources (with the larger species feeding mainly on small mammals and the smallest species feeding on
485:. Feliforms tend to be more carnivorous and are generally ambush hunters. Caniforms tend more toward omnivorous and opportunity-based feeding. However, omnivorous feliforms also exist, particularly in the family
473:
records. There are other characteristics that differentiate feliforms from caniforms and probably existed in their stem taxa. But, due to speciation, these do not apply unambiguously to all extant species.
649:(cats) are the most widespread of the "cat-like" carnivorans. There are 41 extant species, and all but a few have retractile claws. This family is represented on all continents except for Australia (where
778:. They have retractile claws and are slender-bodied, arboreal omnivores (with fruit making up much of their diet). They are relatively small with the larger males weighing up to 5 kg (11 lb).
637:
carnivorans evolved from a single common ancestor that was a herpestid (Yoder et al. 2003). Phylogenetic analysis supports this view and places all of the
Malagasy carnivorans in the family Eupleridae.
410:
include all feliforms into the
Feliformia suborder, though variations exist in the definition and grouping of families and genera. Indeed, molecular phylogenies suggest that all extant Feliformia are
1766:
Wesley‐Hunt, Gina D.; Flynn, John J. (2005). "Phylogeny of the carnivora: Basal relationships among the carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of 'miacoidea' relative to carnivora".
1884:
Philippe
Gaubert, W. Chris Wozencraft, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela and Géraldine Veron. 2005 - Mosaics of Convergences and Noise in Morphological Phylogenies: What's in a Viverrid-Like Carnivoran?
1323:
454:. Caniforms have single-chambered or partially divided auditory bullae, composed of a single bone. This feature, however, is problematic for the classification of the extinct
602:
An overview of each family is provided here. For detailed taxa and descriptions of the species in each family, follow the links to other articles and external references.
450:). This is a key diagnostic in classifying species as feliform versus caniform. In feliforms, the auditory bullae are double-chambered, composed of two bones joined by a
1457:
860:
auditory bullae. Miacids were small arboreal carnivorans and, based on their size (roughly that of mongooses), they probably fed on insects, small mammals and birds.
878:
For more discussion on feliform evolution and the divergence from the caniforms, together with additional external references on this subject, see the articles on
1937:
Egi, N.; Tsubamoto, T.; et al. (2016). "Taxonomic revisions on nimravids and small feliforms (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Upper Eocene of Mongolia".
583:
Seven families are extant, with 12 subfamilies, 56 genera, and 114 species in the Feliformia suborder. They range natively across all continents except
1007:
962:
712:. Hyenas are large, powerful animals, up to 80 kg (176 lb) and represent one of the most prolific large carnivorans on the planet. The
7087:
7883:
7158:
1873:
1861:
1031:
1673:
1470:
999:
1913:"Phylogenetic analysis on Palaeogale (Palaeogalidae, Carnivora) based on specimens from Oligocene strata of Saint-Jacques, Nei Mongol"
1747:
7960:
7857:
7875:
2196:
2110:
1990:
7862:
469:
The specific characteristics of extant feliform bullae suggest a common ancestor, though one has not been identified in the
2051:"Palaeoecology and palaeoenvironment of the Aquitanian locality Ulm-Westtangente (MN2, Lower Freshwater Molasse, Germany)"
2257:
700:, including non-retractile claws, long muzzles, and adaptations to running for long distances. They are extant in the
3627:
1845:
1820:
1212:
2092:
7922:
7888:
7836:
7849:
3971:
2027:
6189:
7870:
6180:
3383:
7645:
7301:
1300:
177:
7927:
5667:
1403:
4506:
1575:
1256:
7564:
7459:
6198:
4488:
4216:
4183:
4159:
3980:
3232:
7226:
6207:
5938:
5631:
5566:
4948:
4524:
3997:
3519:
2250:
1725:
2100:
2016:(Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae), with comments on the early evolution of aeluroid carnivorans"
7914:
7745:
7450:
7202:
7015:
6891:
6503:
6485:
6313:
6007:
5998:
5640:
4378:
3170:
152:
136:
7909:
7627:
6882:
6864:
6855:
6846:
6331:
6322:
5694:
4464:
4455:
4446:
4395:
4333:
4315:
4306:
4243:
4192:
4030:
4021:
2458:
462:
bullae with no septum, or no trace at all of the entire bulla. It is assumed that they had a
7901:
5649:
5545:
1672:
Taxonomic references - extant species (1): Supporting descriptive information and pictures:
7955:
7818:
7792:
7783:
7468:
7369:
7328:
7042:
6553:
6281:
5607:
4672:
4422:
4413:
4369:
4324:
3947:
3453:
3188:
3014:
693:
2134:
Morales, Jorge; Mayda, Serdar; Valenciano, Alberto; DeMiguel, Daniel; Kaya, Tanju (2019).
8:
7708:
7654:
7426:
6873:
6759:
6741:
6586:
6435:
6340:
5590:
5536:
5285:
5027:
5018:
4282:
3555:
3537:
3392:
3241:
2744:
2088:
789:) has two extant species in one genus. They live in Southern-East Asia. All are arboreal
4778:
1744:
7950:
7523:
6750:
6272:
5962:
5685:
5658:
4921:
4663:
4515:
3618:
3510:
3410:
3350:
2735:
2671:
2348:
2243:
2169:
2070:
2031:
1954:
1791:
775:
767:
654:
172:
2007:
7896:
7805:
7402:
7319:
7099:
6595:
6562:
5486:
4993:
4715:
4497:
4351:
4225:
4109:
3462:
3292:
3250:
3197:
2977:
2959:
2717:
2192:
2116:
2106:
1986:
1978:
1912:
1841:
1816:
1783:
650:
478:
2173:
2074:
2035:
1958:
1795:
1659:
244:
7797:
7681:
7514:
6792:
6222:
5512:
5294:
5044:
4234:
4133:
3917:
3908:
3492:
3283:
3274:
3068:
3059:
2617:
2221:
2159:
2151:
2062:
2023:
1946:
1895:
1775:
1703:
1123:
790:
658:
2155:
1950:
1872:
Yoder, A., M. Burns, S. Zehr, T. Delefosse, G. Veron, S. Goodman, J. Flynn. 2003:
7810:
7699:
7690:
7618:
7573:
7235:
7185:
7176:
7051:
6997:
6941:
6810:
6783:
6676:
6494:
6453:
6418:
6163:
5226:
4939:
4906:
4897:
4404:
4142:
3591:
3041:
2968:
2926:
2662:
2467:
2401:
2378:
2225:
1810:
1751:
1729:
1527:
1145:
The phylogenetic relationships of feliforms are shown in the following cladogram
991:
887:
786:
500:(walking on toes). Most caniforms are terrestrial and have non-retractile claws.
302:
296:
1874:
Single origin of Malagasy Carnivora from an African ancestor – Letters to Nature
1707:
868:
was basal to the Feliforms. However, some studies suggest this is not the case.
7844:
7831:
7672:
7591:
7393:
7140:
7033:
7006:
6059:
5676:
5276:
5140:
4823:
4360:
4342:
4273:
3884:
3875:
3477:
3438:
2392:
2304:
1487:
1023:
984:
938:
809:
805:
782:
716:
is much smaller and is a specialised feeder, eating mainly harvester termites.
634:
618:
610:
512:
439:
120:
2066:
1779:
7944:
7636:
7532:
7505:
7131:
6829:
6774:
6296:
6240:
5981:
5622:
5077:
4639:
3804:
3771:
3573:
3564:
3501:
3401:
3359:
3211:
2804:
2096:
1787:
1375:
1357:
1108:
1102:
917:
542:
352:
346:
267:
160:
144:
98:
62:
4261:
4073:
2120:
7768:
7663:
7609:
7310:
7078:
7024:
6801:
6700:
6255:
6231:
6050:
6041:
5861:
5828:
5751:
5712:
5122:
5104:
4966:
4838:
4297:
3698:
3661:
3546:
3528:
2941:
2887:
2813:
2491:
2235:
2212:
Barycka, E. (2007). "Evolution and systematics of the feliform Carnivora".
1899:
1721:
Fossil record data (with taxonomic references) extant and extinct species:
1271:
1062:
865:
849:
596:
538:
411:
324:
7777:
7277:
6468:
6385:
6358:
6107:
6021:
5953:
5879:
5870:
5837:
5795:
5760:
5477:
5370:
5202:
4742:
4654:
4562:
4207:
3780:
3600:
3265:
3179:
3162:
3139:
3102:
2986:
2950:
2795:
2584:
2439:
2318:
2140:
gen. et sp. nov. (Carnivora: Mammalia), from the lower Miocene of Turkey"
1294:
1234:
1206:
1076:
1041:
954:
931:
853:
763:
728:
720:
701:
673:) at 300 kg (660 lb). Diet ranges from large to small mammals,
497:
430:
407:
335:
311:
280:
156:
140:
37:
2164:
568:
7486:
6732:
6663:
6650:
6617:
6403:
6141:
5901:
5449:
5426:
5312:
5303:
5252:
5217:
5193:
4957:
4856:
4805:
4751:
4733:
4706:
4613:
4563:
3962:
3935:
3863:
3846:
3609:
3582:
3428:
3332:
3316:
3152:
3032:
2872:
2708:
2575:
2135:
1380:
1317:
1250:
1190:
1169:
1131:
1069:
1048:
924:
910:
907:
841:
817:
797:
626:
622:
606:
588:
486:
482:
455:
443:
419:
396:
330:
317:
274:
261:
148:
124:
82:
47:
1493:
111:
7417:
7352:
6965:
6905:
6691:
6512:
6127:
6119:
6068:
5918:
5804:
5786:
5500:
5334:
5167:
5009:
4975:
4787:
4479:
3753:
3223:
2699:
2267:
1552:
1397:
1127:
1087:
1015:
883:
879:
845:
813:
681:
584:
572:
492:
Many feliforms have retractile or semi-retractile claws and many are
463:
447:
372:
340:
229:
189:
164:
87:
31:
7739:
2050:
1977:
Werdelin, L.; Yamaguchi, N.; Johnson, W. E.; O'Brien, S. J. (2010).
832:
395:. Feliformia stands in contrast to the other suborder of Carnivora,
7762:
7114:
6577:
6394:
6370:
5731:
5581:
5527:
5463:
5458:
5411:
5343:
5261:
5131:
4880:
4871:
4769:
4724:
4604:
4437:
4174:
4083:
4052:
4012:
3899:
3831:
3739:
3730:
3050:
2846:
2599:
2482:
2449:
2298:
2286:
1976:
1445:
1134:
1095:
1080:
970:
857:
748:
724:
713:
692:) has four extant species and two subspecies. All show features of
689:
614:
493:
388:
384:
209:
102:
77:
72:
57:
52:
42:
2105:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 548–559.
1175:
7496:
7343:
7217:
6932:
6444:
5774:
5240:
4796:
4760:
4627:
4595:
4579:
4092:
3795:
3374:
2855:
2762:
2680:
2608:
2550:
2527:
2420:
2102:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
1569:
1053:
977:
946:
821:
740:
732:
646:
557:
527:
376:
291:
132:
128:
92:
67:
7823:
852:
taxa believed to be basal to Carnivora. They had Carnivora-like
7600:
7547:
7292:
6980:
6714:
5434:
5095:
4930:
4687:
4124:
2896:
2822:
2771:
2753:
2726:
2647:
2509:
2292:
2280:
872:
793:. They are the closest living relatives of the family Felidae.
709:
592:
470:
459:
451:
219:
199:
2133:
7582:
7441:
7384:
7257:
7060:
6917:
6544:
6526:
6149:
5819:
5068:
5053:
3714:
3005:
2500:
2186:
1838:
The Big Cats and their Fossil Relatives: an illustrated guide
1091:
864:
this may not mean evolutionary lineages. It was thought that
801:
756:
752:
705:
697:
685:
666:
380:
1743:
Supporting taxonomic references extant and extinct species:
6956:
5852:
5177:
5113:
2786:
2518:
2376:
2028:
10.1206/0003-0082(2001)330<0001:BAOTLL>2.0.CO;2
1745:
Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification - Suborder Feliformia
1689:
744:
736:
674:
553:
523:
481:(snouts) than caniforms, fewer teeth, and more specialized
392:
5086:
4695:
3023:
2189:
Handbook of the Mammals of the World, Volume 1: Carnivora
657:) and Antarctica. The species vary in size from the tiny
630:
1685:
508:
2049:
Costeur, L.; Maridet, O.; et al. (December 2011).
1985:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 59–82.
1739:
1737:
1717:
1715:
1854:
1761:
1759:
1722:
438:
All extant feliforms share a common attribute: their
5917:
3313:
1840:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 234.
1734:
1712:
1678:
1666:
2144:
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. Online Edition
1756:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1878:
496:or semi-arboreal. Feliforms also tend to be more
7942:
3713:
1981:. In Macdonald, D. W.; Loveridge, A. J. (eds.).
1765:
434:Feliformia skull showing double-chambered bullae
375:consisting of "cat-like" carnivorans, including
1965:
1695:
625:, all of which are restricted to the island of
2191:. Barcelona: Lynx Ediciones. pp. 50–658.
2187:Wilson, D.E.; Mittermeier, R.A., eds. (2009).
2048:
4577:
2418:
2251:
1657:
406:Systematic classifications dealing with only
2265:
2008:"Basicranial anatomy of the living linsangs
1936:
2205:
2042:
1979:"Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae)"
1866:
1684:Taxonomic references - extant species (2):
2438:
2258:
2244:
2127:
2087:
1932:
1930:
1808:
110:
6661:
3150:
2333:
2163:
1910:
677:and insects (depending on species size).
665:) at only 2 kg (4.5 lb) to the
399:(also Canoidea, "dog-like" carnivorans).
5007:
1999:
831:
567:
552:
537:
522:
507:
429:
4081:
2844:
2365:
2211:
1983:Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids
1927:
1802:
1686:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
7943:
7174:
5410:
1860:Anne D. Yoder and John J. Flynn 2003:
1835:
609:(the "Malagasy carnivorans") includes
7744:
7743:
6648:
6105:
5409:
4561:
3696:
3137:
2317:
2239:
1829:
7850:f2a2b2cb-4dc7-4e60-a85c-1bb821318d4c
2180:
2081:
2005:
1140:
458:as feliforms. Nimravid fossils show
3628:South African small-spotted genet (
1911:Wang, Jian; Zhang, Zhaoqun (2015).
1768:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
1674:Diversity Web (online) – Feliformia
13:
848:appears. Miacoids were a group of
633:provides strong evidence that all
503:
425:
14:
7972:
3972:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (
893:
3697:
1574:
1492:
1402:
1379:
1322:
1299:
1255:
1211:
1174:
176:
35:
6106:
3138:
1904:
1887:
477:Feliforms tend to have shorter
371:is a suborder within the order
6649:
2055:Swiss Journal of Palaeontology
1651:
836:Feliform evolutionary timeline
466:housing of the ear mechanism.
1:
3384:Malabar large-spotted civet (
2156:10.1080/14772019.2018.1529000
1951:10.1080/08912963.2015.1012508
1644:
442:(bony capsules enclosing the
7961:Taxa named by Miklós Kretzoi
7646:Indonesian mountain weasel (
7302:North American river otter (
6190:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (
3244:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii
2226:10.1016/j.mambio.2006.10.011
1862:Origin of Malagasy Carnivora
1815:. Cornell University Press.
827:
7:
4507:Somalian slender mongoose (
1708:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.033
1173:(false saber-toothed cats)
10:
7977:
7460:Asian small-clawed otter (
6199:American hog-nosed skunk (
6181:Molina's hog-nosed skunk (
4489:Angolan slender mongoose (
4184:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (
3233:Small-toothed palm civet (
1723:The Paleaobiology Database
7752:
7545:
7494:
7485:
7439:
7415:
7382:
7365:
7341:
7290:
7273:
7256:
7227:Saharan striped polecat (
7215:
7198:
7157:
7112:
7095:
7086:
7077:
6978:
6954:
6930:
6913:
6904:
6827:
6772:
6730:
6713:
6689:
6672:
6657:
6644:
6616:
6575:
6542:
6525:
6466:
6416:
6383:
6366:
6357:
6294:
6253:
6220:
6208:Striped hog-nosed skunk (
6161:
6140:
6118:
6114:
6101:
6037:
6020:
5979:
5951:
5939:Mediterranean monk seal (
5934:
5900:
5850:
5817:
5782:
5773:
5747:
5730:
5711:
5668:Juan Fernández fur seal (
5632:South American fur seal (
5620:
5603:
5579:
5567:South American sea lion (
5562:
5525:
5508:
5499:
5475:
5447:
5425:
5421:
5405:
5369:
5342:
5333:
5274:
5248:
5239:
5215:
5191:
5176:
5165:
5066:
5040:
4992:
4949:South American gray fox (
4919:
4893:
4869:
4852:
4837:
4822:
4685:
4652:
4635:
4626:
4593:
4573:
4557:
4525:Common slender mongoose (
4477:
4435:
4391:
4295:
4269:
4260:
4205:
4172:
4155:
4122:
4105:
4072:
4051:
4010:
3998:Narrow-striped mongoose (
3993:
3960:
3943:
3934:
3897:
3871:
3862:
3845:
3829:
3793:
3767:
3752:
3728:
3709:
3705:
3692:
3660:
3656:
3520:Crested servaline genet (
3475:
3436:
3427:
3372:
3346:
3331:
3309:
3263:
3219:
3210:
3161:
3146:
3133:
3101:
3003:
2939:
2922:
2913:
2885:
2868:
2835:
2784:
2697:
2660:
2643:
2634:
2597:
2573:
2564:
2548:
2480:
2447:
2434:
2414:
2361:
2344:
2329:
2313:
2275:
2067:10.1007/s13358-011-0034-3
2020:American Museum Novitates
2006:Hunt, R.M. (April 2001).
1780:10.1017/S1477201904001518
1566:
1548:
1541:
1523:
1516:
1484:
1466:
1459:
1451:
1394:
1371:
1353:
1346:
1314:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1247:
1240:
1226:
1203:
1196:
1165:
1158:
903:("cat-like" carnivorans)
257:
252:
173:Scientific classification
171:
119:Clockwise from top-left:
118:
109:
23:
7583:Stoat/Beringian ermine (
7451:African clawless otter (
7203:African striped weasel (
7016:Yellow-throated marten (
6892:Formosan ferret-badger (
6596:Western mountain coati (
6587:Eastern mountain coati (
6504:Western lowland olingo (
6486:Eastern lowland olingo (
6314:Southern spotted skunk (
6008:Southern elephant seal (
5999:Northern elephant seal (
5789:Pagophilus groenlandicus
4566:("dog-like" carnivorans)
4379:Stripe-necked mongoose (
4000:Mungotictis decemlineata
2875:Herpailurus yagouaroundi
2322:("cat-like" carnivorans)
2099:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
994:(false sabre-tooth cats)
913:(false sabre-tooth cats)
844:(60 million years ago),
770:) has only one species (
7628:Yellow-bellied weasel (
6883:Burmese ferret-badger (
6865:Chinese ferret-badger (
6856:Bornean ferret badger (
6847:Vietnam ferret-badger (
6332:Eastern spotted skunk (
6323:Western spotted skunk (
6053:Leptonychotes weddellii
5695:Subantarctic fur seal (
5641:Australasian fur seal (
4465:Black-footed mongoose (
4447:Bushy-tailed mongoose (
4396:White-tailed mongoose (
4334:Indian brown mongoose (
4316:Short-tailed mongoose (
4307:Small Indian mongoose (
4244:Flat-headed kusimanse (
4217:Alexander's kusimanse (
4193:Common dwarf mongoose (
4160:Pousargues's mongoose (
4022:Brown-tailed mongoose (
3981:Grandidier's mongoose (
3235:Arctogalidia trivirgata
2459:Sunda clouded leopard (
7469:Congo clawless otter (
7372:Hydrictis maculicollis
7370:Spotted-necked otter (
7329:Southern river otter (
7280:Pteronura brasiliensis
7043:European pine marten (
6554:South American coati (
6282:Palawan stink badger (
5608:New Zealand sea lion (
4673:Japanese raccoon dog (
4370:Crab-eating mongoose (
4325:Indian grey mongoose (
3948:Ring-tailed vontsira (
3759:(bone-crushing hyenas)
3454:Central African oyan (
3015:Chinese mountain cat (
1917:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
1900:10.1098/rspb.2003.2521
1658:Basic Biology (2015).
1072:(Malagasy carnivorans)
837:
580:
565:
550:
535:
520:
435:
153:two-spotted palm civet
137:stripe-necked mongoose
16:Suborder of carnivores
7910:Paleobiology Database
7709:Back-striped weasel (
7655:Black-footed ferret (
7427:Smooth-coated otter (
7205:Poecilogale albinucha
6874:Javan ferret-badger (
6760:Sumatran hog badger (
6742:Northern hog badger (
6436:Crab-eating raccoon (
6341:Pygmy spotted skunk (
6062:Lobodon carcinophagus
5798:Histriophoca fasciata
5591:Australian sea lion (
5537:California sea lion (
5286:American black bear (
5028:Black-backed jackal (
5019:Side-striped jackal (
4859:Chrysocyon brachyurus
4283:Long-nosed mongoose (
3556:Rusty-spotted genet (
3393:Large-spotted civet (
3242:Sulawesi palm civet (
3171:Owston's palm civet (
2745:Andean mountain cat (
1836:Turner, Alan (1997).
1321:(Malagasy mongooses)
1210:(African palm civet)
835:
824:, and small mammals.
571:
556:
541:
526:
511:
433:
7845:Fauna Europaea (new)
7524:Long-tailed weasel (
7102:Lyncodon patagonicus
6751:Greater hog badger (
6273:Sunda stink badger (
5963:Hawaiian monk seal (
5686:Guadalupe fur seal (
5659:Antarctic fur seal (
5650:Galápagos fur seal (
5546:Galápagos sea lion (
4664:Common raccoon dog (
4516:Cape gray mongoose (
4456:Jackson's mongoose (
4416:Paracynictis selousi
4407:Cynictis penicillata
4031:Durrell's vontsira (
3619:Giant forest genet (
3411:Large Indian civet (
3351:Small Indian civet (
2960:Sunda leopard cat (
2736:Southern tiger cat (
2672:African golden cat (
2349:African palm civet (
2136:"A new lophocyonid,
694:convergent evolution
7567:M. aistoodonnivalis
7403:Hairy-nosed otter (
7320:Neotropical otter (
7100:Patagonian weasel (
6563:White-nosed coati (
5763:Cystophora cristata
5754:Erignathus barbatus
5487:Northern fur seal (
5264:Helarctos malayanus
4900:Atelocynus microtis
4607:U. cinereoargenteus
4498:Egyptian mongoose (
4425:Rhynchogale melleri
4423:Meller's mongoose (
4414:Selous's mongoose (
4398:Ichneumia albicauda
4352:Collared mongoose (
4226:Angolan kusimanse (
4110:Liberian mongoose (
3463:West African oyan (
3362:Civettictis civetta
3293:Golden palm civet (
3251:Masked palm civet (
3226:Arctictis binturong
3200:Hemigalus derbyanus
3198:Banded palm civet (
3189:Hose's palm civet (
2978:Rusty-spotted cat (
1809:R. F. Ewer (1973).
1491:(Asiatic linsangs)
747:. Some species are
577:Arctictis binturong
379:(large and small),
7682:European polecat (
7515:Colombian weasel (
7165:(African polecats)
6793:Caucasian badger (
6721:(Eurasian badgers)
6171:(hog-nosed skunks)
5908:("southern seals")
5807:Halichoerus grypus
5738:("northern seals")
5610:Phocarctos hookeri
5515:Eumetopias jubatus
5513:Steller sea lion (
5295:Asian black bear (
5045:African wild dog (
4999:(wolf-like canids)
4276:Atilax paludinosus
4235:Common kusimanse (
4162:Dologale dybowskii
4134:Gambian mongoose (
3918:Western falanouc (
3909:Eastern falanouc (
3878:Cryptoprocta ferox
3783:Parahyaena brunnea
3538:Johnston's genet (
3493:Abyssinian genet (
3445:(African linsangs)
3353:Viverricula indica
3284:Brown palm civet (
3275:Asian palm civet (
3182:Cynogale bennettii
3173:Chrotogale owstoni
3069:European wildcat (
3060:Black-footed cat (
2650:Leptailurus serval
2618:Asian golden cat (
2384:(Asiatic linsangs)
1939:Historical Biology
1750:2007-09-26 at the
1728:2012-05-08 at the
987:(Asiatic linsangs)
838:
776:sub-Saharan Africa
768:African palm civet
623:Malagasy mongooses
581:
566:
562:Suricata suricatta
551:
536:
521:
517:Cryptoprocta ferox
436:
7938:
7937:
7897:Open Tree of Life
7746:Taxon identifiers
7737:
7736:
7733:
7732:
7729:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7721:
7720:
7700:Siberian weasel (
7691:American ermine (
7619:Japanese weasel (
7574:Mountain weasel (
7558:
7481:
7480:
7267:
7252:
7251:
7248:
7247:
7236:Striped polecat (
7186:Marbled polecat (
7168:
7153:
7152:
7125:
7073:
7072:
7052:Japanese marten (
6998:American marten (
6991:
6849:M. cucphuongensis
6840:
6823:
6822:
6811:European badger (
6784:Japanese badger (
6724:
6677:American badger (
6640:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6612:
6611:
6608:
6607:
6536:
6495:Northern olingo (
6479:
6454:Cozumel raccoon (
6429:
6353:
6352:
6307:
6266:
6174:
6155:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6081:
6080:
6071:Ommatophoca rossi
6044:Hydrurga leptonyx
6031:
6028:(Antarctic seals)
6001:M. angustirostris
5992:
5975:
5974:
5941:Monachus monachus
5928:
5911:
5896:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5741:
5724:
5707:
5706:
5569:Otaria flavescens
5558:
5557:
5469:
5437:Odobenus rosmarus
5401:
5400:
5397:
5396:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5352:
5329:
5328:
5325:
5324:
5227:Spectacled bear (
5185:
5161:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5001:
4988:
4987:
4907:Crab-eating fox (
4898:Short-eared dog (
4846:
4831:
4818:
4817:
4700:
4642:Otocyon megalotis
4586:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4405:Yellow mongoose (
4256:
4255:
4143:Banded mongoose (
4112:Liberiictus kuhni
4066:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4042:
3930:
3929:
3856:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3761:
3722:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3592:Servaline genet (
3511:Bourlon's genet (
3486:
3447:
3423:
3422:
3305:
3304:
3277:P. hermaphroditus
3129:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3042:African wildcat (
2999:
2998:
2969:Flat-headed cat (
2909:
2908:
2693:
2692:
2630:
2629:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2468:Clouded leopard (
2427:
2402:Spotted linsang (
2386:
2351:Nandinia binotata
2214:Mammalian Biology
2198:978-84-96553-49-1
2150:(16): 1347–1358.
2112:978-0-8018-8221-0
2093:"Order Carnivora"
2089:Wozencraft, W. C.
1992:978-0-19-923445-5
1641:
1640:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1622:
1614:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1587:
1586:
1505:
1504:
1433:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1415:
1414:
1335:
1334:
1141:Phylogenetic tree
1137:-like feliforms.
856:but lacked fully
774:), extant across
772:Nandinia binotata
366:
365:
248:
7968:
7931:
7930:
7918:
7917:
7905:
7904:
7892:
7891:
7879:
7878:
7866:
7865:
7853:
7852:
7840:
7839:
7827:
7826:
7814:
7813:
7801:
7800:
7788:
7787:
7786:
7773:
7772:
7771:
7741:
7740:
7673:Malayan weasel (
7592:Steppe polecat (
7565:Sichuan weasel (
7557:
7556:
7552:
7492:
7491:
7429:L. perspicillata
7394:Eurasian otter (
7271:
7270:
7266:
7265:
7261:
7172:
7171:
7167:
7166:
7162:
7141:Greater grison (
7124:
7123:
7119:
7093:
7092:
7084:
7083:
7034:Nilgiri marten (
7007:Pacific marten (
6990:
6989:
6985:
6911:
6910:
6894:M. subaurantiaca
6839:
6838:
6837:(ferret-badgers)
6834:
6728:
6727:
6723:
6722:
6718:
6670:
6669:
6659:
6658:
6646:
6645:
6540:
6539:
6535:
6534:
6530:
6478:
6477:
6473:
6428:
6427:
6423:
6364:
6363:
6306:
6305:
6304:(spotted skunks)
6301:
6265:
6264:
6260:
6173:
6172:
6168:
6159:
6158:
6154:
6153:
6145:
6116:
6115:
6103:
6102:
6060:Crabeater seal (
6035:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6025:
5991:
5990:
5989:(elephant seals)
5986:
5965:N. schauinslandi
5932:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5922:
5915:
5914:
5910:
5909:
5905:
5780:
5779:
5745:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5735:
5728:
5727:
5723:
5722:
5716:
5677:Brown fur seal (
5652:A. galapagoensis
5539:Z. californianus
5506:
5505:
5473:
5472:
5468:
5467:
5453:
5423:
5422:
5415:
5407:
5406:
5351:
5350:
5346:
5340:
5339:
5255:Melursus ursinus
5246:
5245:
5189:
5188:
5184:
5181:
5174:
5173:
5141:Ethiopian wolf (
5005:
5004:
5000:
4997:
4850:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4716:Blanford's fox (
4699:
4692:
4633:
4632:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4582:
4575:
4574:
4567:
4559:
4558:
4361:Ruddy mongoose (
4343:Javan mongoose (
4274:Marsh mongoose (
4267:
4266:
4246:C. platycephalus
4079:
4078:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4060:
3941:
3940:
3885:Malagasy civet (
3869:
3868:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3694:
3693:
3658:
3657:
3485:
3482:
3446:
3443:
3434:
3433:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3311:
3310:
3217:
3216:
3159:
3158:
3148:
3147:
3135:
3134:
2929:Otocolobus manul
2920:
2919:
2842:
2841:
2718:Geoffroy's cat (
2641:
2640:
2571:
2570:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2423:
2416:
2415:
2393:Banded linsang (
2385:
2382:
2374:
2373:
2363:
2362:
2342:
2341:
2331:
2330:
2323:
2315:
2314:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2167:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1974:
1963:
1962:
1945:(1–2): 105–119.
1934:
1925:
1924:
1908:
1902:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1763:
1754:
1741:
1732:
1719:
1710:
1699:
1693:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1578:
1544:
1543:
1519:
1518:
1496:
1462:
1461:
1454:
1453:
1406:
1383:
1349:
1348:
1326:
1303:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1259:
1243:
1242:
1229:
1228:
1215:
1199:
1198:
1178:
1161:
1160:
1149:
1148:
1124:Stenoplesictidae
791:hypercarnivorans
787:Asiatic linsangs
659:black-footed cat
532:Acinonyx jubatus
243:
181:
180:
114:
97:
34:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
7976:
7975:
7971:
7970:
7969:
7967:
7966:
7965:
7941:
7940:
7939:
7934:
7926:
7921:
7913:
7908:
7900:
7895:
7887:
7882:
7874:
7869:
7861:
7856:
7848:
7843:
7835:
7830:
7822:
7817:
7809:
7804:
7796:
7791:
7782:
7781:
7776:
7767:
7766:
7761:
7748:
7738:
7717:
7693:M. richardsonii
7637:European mink (
7554:
7553:
7551:
7541:
7533:American mink (
7506:Amazon weasel (
7477:
7435:
7411:
7378:
7361:
7337:
7286:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7244:
7211:
7194:
7164:
7163:
7161:
7149:
7132:Lesser grison (
7121:
7120:
7118:
7108:
7069:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6974:
6950:
6926:
6900:
6836:
6835:
6833:
6819:
6768:
6720:
6719:
6717:
6709:
6685:
6666:
6653:
6632:
6604:
6571:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6521:
6475:
6474:
6472:
6462:
6425:
6424:
6422:
6412:
6379:
6349:
6316:S. angustifrons
6303:
6302:
6300:
6290:
6263:(stink badgers)
6262:
6261:
6259:
6249:
6241:Striped skunk (
6216:
6210:C. semistriatus
6170:
6169:
6167:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6136:
6130:Ailurus fulgens
6110:
6077:
6027:
6026:
6024:
6016:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5971:
5947:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5888:
5846:
5813:
5769:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5720:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5703:
5616:
5599:
5575:
5554:
5521:
5495:
5462:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5443:
5417:
5413:
5385:
5365:
5348:
5347:
5321:
5270:
5235:
5211:
5182:
5180:
5170:
5149:
5078:Golden jackal (
5062:
5036:
4998:
4996:
4984:
4915:
4909:Cerdocyon thous
4889:
4865:
4843:
4841:
4828:
4826:
4814:
4779:Rüppell's fox (
4693:
4691:
4681:
4666:N. procyonoides
4648:
4640:Bat-eared fox (
4622:
4587:
4583:
4569:
4565:
4533:
4518:H. pulverulenta
4473:
4431:
4387:
4354:U. semitorquata
4309:U. auropunctata
4291:
4252:
4201:
4168:
4151:
4118:
4101:
4063:
4061:
4056:
4055:
4039:
4006:
3989:
3956:
3950:Galidia elegans
3926:
3893:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3813:
3805:Spotted hyena (
3789:
3772:Striped hyena (
3758:
3756:
3748:
3719:
3717:
3701:
3676:
3636:
3574:Aquatic genet (
3565:Pardine genet (
3502:Angolan genet (
3483:
3481:
3471:
3456:P. richardsonii
3444:
3442:
3419:
3402:Malayan civet (
3368:
3360:African civet (
3336:
3335:
3325:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3301:
3259:
3206:
3191:Diplogale hosei
3155:
3142:
3117:
3077:
2995:
2935:
2915:
2905:
2881:
2864:
2837:
2831:
2805:Eurasian lynx (
2780:
2689:
2656:
2636:
2626:
2593:
2566:
2558:
2553:
2536:
2476:
2428:
2424:
2410:
2383:
2370:
2357:
2338:
2325:
2321:
2309:
2271:
2264:
2234:
2233:
2210:
2206:
2199:
2185:
2181:
2138:Izmirictis cani
2132:
2128:
2113:
2086:
2082:
2047:
2043:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1975:
1966:
1935:
1928:
1909:
1905:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1807:
1803:
1764:
1757:
1752:Wayback Machine
1742:
1735:
1730:Wayback Machine
1720:
1713:
1700:
1696:
1683:
1679:
1671:
1667:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1597:
1588:
1528:Barbourofelidae
1506:
1434:
1425:
1416:
1336:
1143:
1008:Palaeoprionodon
992:Barbourofelidae
896:
888:Carnivoramorpha
830:
759:in their diet.
671:Panthera tigris
547:Crocuta crocuta
506:
504:Extant families
440:auditory bullae
428:
426:Characteristics
303:Barbourofelidae
242:
175:
105:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7974:
7964:
7963:
7958:
7953:
7936:
7935:
7933:
7932:
7919:
7906:
7893:
7880:
7867:
7854:
7841:
7832:Fauna Europaea
7828:
7815:
7802:
7789:
7774:
7758:
7756:
7750:
7749:
7735:
7734:
7731:
7730:
7727:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7715:
7711:M. strigidorsa
7706:
7697:
7688:
7679:
7670:
7664:Least weasel (
7661:
7652:
7643:
7634:
7625:
7616:
7610:Haida ermine (
7607:
7598:
7594:M. eversmannii
7589:
7580:
7571:
7561:
7559:
7543:
7542:
7540:
7539:
7530:
7521:
7512:
7502:
7500:
7489:
7483:
7482:
7479:
7478:
7476:
7475:
7466:
7457:
7447:
7445:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7433:
7423:
7421:
7413:
7412:
7410:
7409:
7400:
7390:
7388:
7380:
7379:
7377:
7376:
7366:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7359:
7349:
7347:
7339:
7338:
7336:
7335:
7326:
7322:L. longicaudis
7317:
7311:Marine otter (
7308:
7298:
7296:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7284:
7274:
7268:
7254:
7253:
7250:
7249:
7246:
7245:
7243:
7242:
7233:
7223:
7221:
7213:
7212:
7210:
7209:
7199:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7192:
7182:
7180:
7169:
7155:
7154:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7147:
7138:
7128:
7126:
7110:
7109:
7107:
7106:
7096:
7090:
7081:
7075:
7074:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7067:
7058:
7049:
7040:
7031:
7025:Beech marten (
7022:
7013:
7004:
6994:
6992:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6962:
6960:
6952:
6951:
6949:
6948:
6938:
6936:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6914:
6908:
6902:
6901:
6899:
6898:
6889:
6880:
6871:
6862:
6853:
6843:
6841:
6825:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6818:
6817:
6808:
6802:Asian badger (
6799:
6790:
6780:
6778:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6766:
6757:
6748:
6744:A. albogularis
6738:
6736:
6725:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6701:Honey badger (
6697:
6695:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6683:
6673:
6667:
6662:
6655:
6654:
6642:
6641:
6638:
6637:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6630:
6629:
6628:
6622:
6620:
6614:
6613:
6610:
6609:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6593:
6583:
6581:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6569:
6560:
6550:
6548:
6537:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6519:
6510:
6501:
6492:
6482:
6480:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6460:
6451:
6442:
6438:P. cancrivorus
6432:
6430:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6406:B. sumichrasti
6401:
6391:
6389:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6367:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6338:
6329:
6320:
6310:
6308:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6288:
6279:
6269:
6267:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6247:
6238:
6232:Hooded skunk (
6228:
6226:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6214:
6205:
6196:
6187:
6177:
6175:
6156:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6124:
6122:
6112:
6111:
6099:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6087:
6086:
6083:
6082:
6079:
6078:
6076:
6075:
6066:
6057:
6051:Weddell seal (
6048:
6042:Leopard seal (
6038:
6032:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6005:
5995:
5993:
5977:
5976:
5973:
5972:
5970:
5969:
5959:
5957:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5935:
5929:
5912:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5889:
5887:
5886:
5877:
5868:
5862:Caspian seal (
5858:
5856:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5844:
5835:
5829:Spotted seal (
5825:
5823:
5815:
5814:
5812:
5811:
5802:
5793:
5783:
5777:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5767:
5758:
5752:Bearded seal (
5748:
5742:
5725:
5721:or true seals)
5719:(earless seals
5709:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5701:
5692:
5683:
5674:
5665:
5656:
5647:
5638:
5628:
5626:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5597:
5587:
5585:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5552:
5543:
5533:
5531:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5509:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5483:
5481:
5470:
5445:
5444:
5442:
5441:
5431:
5429:
5419:
5418:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5375:
5373:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5355:
5353:
5337:
5331:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5319:
5310:
5301:
5292:
5282:
5280:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5259:
5249:
5243:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5223:
5221:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5209:
5205:A. melanoleuca
5199:
5197:
5186:
5171:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5138:
5129:
5123:Eastern wolf (
5120:
5111:
5105:African wolf (
5102:
5093:
5087:Domestic dog (
5084:
5074:
5072:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5051:
5041:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5025:
5015:
5013:
5002:
4990:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4982:
4973:
4967:Sechuran fox (
4964:
4960:L. gymnocercus
4955:
4946:
4940:Darwin's fox (
4937:
4927:
4925:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4904:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4877:
4875:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4853:
4847:
4832:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4803:
4794:
4785:
4776:
4767:
4758:
4749:
4740:
4731:
4722:
4713:
4709:V. bengalensis
4703:
4701:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4670:
4660:
4658:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4636:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4611:
4601:
4599:
4588:
4578:
4571:
4570:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4522:
4513:
4504:
4495:
4485:
4483:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4462:
4453:
4449:B. crassicauda
4443:
4441:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4420:
4411:
4402:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4376:
4367:
4358:
4349:
4340:
4331:
4322:
4313:
4303:
4301:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4280:
4270:
4264:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4241:
4232:
4223:
4213:
4211:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4190:
4180:
4178:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4140:
4130:
4128:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4089:
4087:
4076:
4067:
4049:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4028:
4018:
4016:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3983:G. grandidieri
3978:
3968:
3966:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3915:
3905:
3903:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3882:
3872:
3866:
3857:
3840:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3778:
3768:
3762:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3736:
3734:
3723:
3703:
3702:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3666:
3664:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3598:
3589:
3580:
3571:
3562:
3553:
3547:Letaba genet (
3544:
3535:
3529:Common genet (
3526:
3517:
3508:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3460:
3450:
3448:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3408:
3399:
3390:
3380:
3378:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3357:
3347:
3341:
3326:
3314:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3295:P. zeylonensis
3290:
3281:
3271:
3269:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:Paguma larvata
3248:
3239:
3230:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3195:
3186:
3177:
3167:
3165:
3156:
3151:
3144:
3143:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3066:
3057:
3048:
3039:
3030:
3024:Domestic cat (
3021:
3011:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2984:
2980:P. rubiginosus
2975:
2966:
2957:
2953:P. bengalensis
2947:
2945:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2927:Pallas's cat (
2923:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2893:
2891:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2820:
2814:Iberian lynx (
2811:
2802:
2792:
2790:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2769:
2760:
2751:
2742:
2733:
2724:
2715:
2705:
2703:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2568:
2559:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2525:
2516:
2507:
2498:
2492:Snow leopard (
2488:
2486:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2442:
2429:
2419:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2371:
2366:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2339:
2334:
2327:
2326:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2305:Laurasiatheria
2301:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2231:
2220:(5): 257–282.
2204:
2197:
2179:
2126:
2111:
2080:
2041:
2022:(3330): 1–24.
1998:
1991:
1964:
1926:
1903:
1886:
1877:
1865:
1853:
1846:
1828:
1821:
1812:The Carnivores
1801:
1755:
1733:
1711:
1694:
1677:
1665:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1547:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1488:Prionodontidae
1483:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1465:
1460:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1147:
1142:
1139:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1084:
1073:
1058:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1027:
1024:Stenoplesictis
1019:
1011:
1003:
995:
988:
985:Prionodontidae
981:
966:
958:
950:
942:
939:Alagtsavbaatar
934:
920:
914:
895:
894:Classification
892:
871:In the Middle
840:In the Middle
829:
826:
783:Prionodontidae
743:, insects and
663:Felis nigripes
619:Malagasy civet
505:
502:
427:
424:
391:, and related
364:
363:
362:
361:
360:
359:
358:
357:
356:
355:
349:
343:
338:
333:
320:
307:
306:
305:
299:
297:Prionodontidae
294:
283:
270:
264:
255:
254:
250:
249:
237:
233:
232:
227:
223:
222:
217:
213:
212:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
169:
168:
116:
115:
107:
106:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7973:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7952:
7949:
7948:
7946:
7929:
7924:
7920:
7916:
7911:
7907:
7903:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7885:
7881:
7877:
7872:
7868:
7864:
7859:
7855:
7851:
7846:
7842:
7838:
7833:
7829:
7825:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7807:
7803:
7799:
7794:
7790:
7785:
7779:
7775:
7770:
7764:
7760:
7759:
7757:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7742:
7714:
7712:
7707:
7705:
7703:
7698:
7696:
7694:
7689:
7687:
7685:
7680:
7678:
7676:
7671:
7669:
7667:
7662:
7660:
7658:
7653:
7651:
7649:
7648:M. lutreolina
7644:
7642:
7640:
7635:
7633:
7631:
7626:
7624:
7622:
7617:
7615:
7613:
7608:
7606:
7604:
7599:
7597:
7595:
7590:
7588:
7586:
7581:
7579:
7577:
7572:
7570:
7568:
7563:
7562:
7560:
7550:
7549:
7544:
7538:
7536:
7531:
7529:
7527:
7522:
7520:
7518:
7513:
7511:
7509:
7504:
7503:
7501:
7499:
7498:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7484:
7474:
7472:
7467:
7465:
7463:
7458:
7456:
7454:
7449:
7448:
7446:
7444:
7443:
7438:
7432:
7430:
7425:
7424:
7422:
7420:
7419:
7414:
7408:
7406:
7401:
7399:
7397:
7392:
7391:
7389:
7387:
7386:
7381:
7375:
7373:
7368:
7367:
7364:
7358:
7356:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7346:
7345:
7340:
7334:
7332:
7327:
7325:
7323:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7309:
7307:
7305:
7304:L. canadensis
7300:
7299:
7297:
7295:
7294:
7289:
7283:
7281:
7278:Giant otter (
7276:
7275:
7272:
7269:
7259:
7255:
7241:
7239:
7234:
7232:
7230:
7225:
7224:
7222:
7220:
7219:
7214:
7208:
7206:
7201:
7200:
7197:
7191:
7189:
7184:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7178:
7173:
7170:
7160:
7156:
7146:
7144:
7139:
7137:
7135:
7130:
7129:
7127:
7117:
7116:
7111:
7105:
7103:
7098:
7097:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7076:
7066:
7064:
7059:
7057:
7055:
7050:
7048:
7046:
7041:
7039:
7037:
7036:M. gwatkinsii
7032:
7030:
7028:
7023:
7021:
7019:
7014:
7012:
7010:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6983:
6982:
6977:
6971:
6969:
6964:
6963:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6953:
6947:
6945:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6923:
6921:
6916:
6915:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6897:
6895:
6890:
6888:
6886:
6881:
6879:
6877:
6876:M. orientalis
6872:
6870:
6868:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6854:
6852:
6850:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6832:
6831:
6826:
6816:
6814:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6800:
6798:
6796:
6791:
6789:
6787:
6782:
6781:
6779:
6777:
6776:
6771:
6765:
6763:
6758:
6756:
6754:
6749:
6747:
6745:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6729:
6726:
6716:
6712:
6706:
6704:
6699:
6698:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6688:
6682:
6680:
6679:Taxidea taxus
6675:
6674:
6671:
6668:
6665:
6660:
6656:
6652:
6647:
6643:
6626:
6625:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6615:
6601:
6599:
6594:
6592:
6590:
6589:N. meridensis
6585:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6568:
6566:
6561:
6559:
6557:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6547:
6546:
6541:
6538:
6528:
6524:
6518:
6516:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6502:
6500:
6498:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6471:
6470:
6465:
6459:
6457:
6452:
6450:
6448:
6443:
6441:
6439:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6421:
6420:
6415:
6409:
6407:
6402:
6400:
6398:
6393:
6392:
6390:
6388:
6387:
6382:
6376:
6374:
6369:
6368:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6356:
6346:
6344:
6339:
6337:
6335:
6330:
6328:
6326:
6321:
6319:
6317:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6299:
6298:
6293:
6287:
6285:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6275:M. javanensis
6271:
6270:
6268:
6258:
6257:
6252:
6246:
6244:
6239:
6237:
6235:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6225:
6224:
6219:
6213:
6211:
6206:
6204:
6202:
6201:C. leuconotus
6197:
6195:
6193:
6192:C. humboldtii
6188:
6186:
6184:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6166:
6165:
6160:
6157:
6151:
6143:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6121:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6104:
6100:
6074:
6072:
6067:
6065:
6063:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6049:
6047:
6045:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6033:
6023:
6019:
6013:
6011:
6006:
6004:
6002:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5984:
5983:
5978:
5968:
5966:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5956:
5955:
5950:
5944:
5942:
5937:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5920:
5916:
5913:
5903:
5899:
5885:
5883:
5880:Baikal seal (
5878:
5876:
5874:
5871:Ringed seal (
5869:
5867:
5865:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5838:Harbor seal (
5836:
5834:
5832:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5810:
5808:
5803:
5801:
5799:
5796:Ribbon seal (
5794:
5792:
5790:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5764:
5761:Hooded seal (
5759:
5757:
5755:
5750:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5733:
5729:
5726:
5714:
5710:
5700:
5698:
5697:A. tropicalis
5693:
5691:
5689:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5675:
5673:
5671:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5624:
5623:Arctocephalus
5619:
5613:
5611:
5606:
5605:
5602:
5596:
5594:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5584:
5583:
5578:
5572:
5570:
5565:
5564:
5561:
5551:
5549:
5548:Z. wollebaeki
5544:
5542:
5540:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5518:
5516:
5511:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5492:
5490:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5471:
5465:
5460:
5456:(eared seals:
5451:
5446:
5440:
5438:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5408:
5404:
5379:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5345:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5318:
5316:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5297:U. thibetanus
5293:
5291:
5289:
5288:U. americanus
5284:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5273:
5267:
5265:
5260:
5258:
5256:
5251:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5232:
5230:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5208:
5206:
5203:Giant panda (
5201:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5190:
5187:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5164:
5146:
5144:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5121:
5119:
5117:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5094:
5092:
5090:
5089:C. familiaris
5085:
5083:
5081:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5059:
5057:
5052:
5050:
5048:
5047:Lycaon pictus
5043:
5042:
5039:
5033:
5031:
5026:
5024:
5022:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5003:
4995:
4991:
4981:
4979:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4918:
4912:
4910:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4886:
4884:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4855:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4840:
4836:
4833:
4825:
4821:
4811:
4809:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4743:Tibetan fox (
4741:
4739:
4737:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4697:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4678:
4676:
4675:N. viverrinus
4671:
4669:
4667:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4645:
4643:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4619:
4617:
4616:U. littoralis
4612:
4610:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4589:
4581:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4560:
4556:
4530:
4528:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4496:
4494:
4492:
4491:H. flavescens
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4470:
4468:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4428:
4426:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4394:
4393:
4390:
4384:
4382:
4381:U. vitticolla
4377:
4375:
4373:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4286:
4285:Xenogale naso
4281:
4279:
4277:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4249:
4247:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4196:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4171:
4165:
4163:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4148:
4146:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4098:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4059:
4058:sensu stricto
4054:
4050:
4036:
4034:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4003:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3953:
3951:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3923:
3921:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3890:
3888:
3887:Fossa fossana
3883:
3881:
3879:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3810:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3786:
3784:
3781:Brown hyena (
3779:
3777:
3775:
3774:Hyaena hyaena
3770:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3755:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3724:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3633:
3631:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3601:Hausa genet (
3599:
3597:
3595:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3504:G. angolensis
3500:
3498:
3496:
3495:G. abyssinica
3491:
3490:
3488:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3416:
3414:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3404:V. tangalunga
3400:
3398:
3396:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3338:sensu stricto
3334:
3330:
3327:
3323:
3318:
3312:
3308:
3298:
3296:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3254:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:Paradoxurinae
3209:
3203:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3180:Otter civet (
3178:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3136:
3132:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3074:
3072:
3071:F. silvestris
3067:
3065:
3063:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3002:
2992:
2990:
2989:P. viverrinus
2987:Fishing cat (
2985:
2983:
2981:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2962:P. javanensis
2958:
2956:
2954:
2951:Leopard cat (
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2912:
2902:
2900:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2861:
2859:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2840:
2834:
2828:
2826:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2798:L. canadensis
2796:Canada lynx (
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2777:
2775:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2686:
2684:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2620:C. temminckii
2616:
2614:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2588:
2585:Marbled cat (
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2555:sensu stricto
2552:
2547:
2533:
2531:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2404:P. pardicolor
2400:
2398:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2269:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2200:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2097:Wilson, D. E.
2094:
2090:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2002:
1994:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1931:
1923:(4): 310–334.
1922:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1901:
1897:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1849:
1847:0-231-10228-3
1843:
1839:
1832:
1824:
1822:0-8014-8493-6
1818:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1760:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1709:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1661:
1654:
1650:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1619:
1618:
1610:
1609:
1601:
1600:
1592:
1591:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1464:
1463:
1456:
1455:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1419:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1399:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1376:Percrocutidae
1369:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1358:Lophocyonidae
1351:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1244:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1110:
1109:Percrocutidae
1106:
1104:
1103:Lophocyonidae
1100:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1060:Superfamily:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1002:
1001:
996:
993:
989:
986:
982:
979:
975:
974:
973:
972:
968:Superfamily:
967:
965:
964:
963:Shandgolictis
959:
957:
956:
951:
949:
948:
943:
941:
940:
935:
933:
929:
928:
927:
926:
921:
919:
918:Palaeogalidae
915:
912:
909:
905:
904:
902:
898:
897:
891:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
869:
867:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
834:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
800:(all but two
799:
794:
792:
788:
784:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
717:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
651:domestic cats
648:
643:
639:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
600:
598:
597:invertebrates
594:
590:
586:
578:
574:
570:
563:
559:
555:
548:
544:
543:Spotted hyena
540:
533:
529:
525:
518:
514:
510:
501:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
472:
467:
465:
464:cartilaginous
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
432:
423:
421:
415:
413:
409:
404:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
354:
353:Percrocutidae
350:
348:
347:Lophocyonidae
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
328:
327:
326:
321:
319:
316:
315:
314:
313:
308:
304:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
288:
284:
282:
279:
278:
277:
276:
271:
269:
268:Palaeogalidae
265:
263:
259:
258:
256:
251:
246:
241:
238:
235:
234:
231:
228:
225:
224:
221:
218:
215:
214:
211:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
179:
174:
170:
166:
162:
161:spotted hyena
158:
154:
150:
146:
145:African civet
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
113:
108:
104:
100:
99:Middle Eocene
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
33:
22:
19:
7753:
7710:
7701:
7692:
7683:
7674:
7665:
7656:
7647:
7638:
7629:
7620:
7611:
7602:
7593:
7584:
7575:
7566:
7546:
7534:
7525:
7516:
7507:
7495:
7470:
7461:
7452:
7440:
7428:
7416:
7405:L. sumatrana
7404:
7395:
7383:
7371:
7354:
7342:
7330:
7321:
7312:
7303:
7291:
7279:
7237:
7228:
7216:
7204:
7188:V. peregusna
7187:
7175:
7142:
7133:
7113:
7101:
7088:Lyncodontini
7079:Ictonychinae
7063:M. zibellina
7062:
7053:
7044:
7035:
7026:
7018:M. flavigula
7017:
7008:
7000:M. americana
6999:
6979:
6967:
6955:
6943:
6931:
6920:Eira barbara
6919:
6893:
6885:M. personata
6884:
6875:
6866:
6857:
6848:
6828:
6812:
6803:
6795:M. canescens
6794:
6785:
6773:
6761:
6752:
6743:
6731:
6702:
6690:
6678:
6597:
6588:
6576:
6564:
6555:
6543:
6514:
6505:
6496:
6487:
6467:
6455:
6446:
6437:
6417:
6405:
6404:Cacomistle (
6396:
6384:
6373:Potos flavus
6372:
6342:
6333:
6324:
6315:
6295:
6283:
6274:
6254:
6242:
6233:
6221:
6209:
6200:
6191:
6182:
6162:
6129:
6070:
6061:
6052:
6043:
6009:
6000:
5980:
5964:
5952:
5940:
5925:(monk seals)
5881:
5872:
5863:
5851:
5839:
5830:
5818:
5806:
5797:
5788:
5762:
5753:
5696:
5688:A. townsendi
5687:
5678:
5670:A. philippii
5669:
5660:
5651:
5642:
5634:A. australis
5633:
5621:
5609:
5592:
5580:
5568:
5547:
5538:
5526:
5514:
5488:
5476:
5436:
5315:U. maritimus
5314:
5313:Polar bear (
5305:
5304:Brown bear (
5296:
5287:
5275:
5263:
5254:
5253:Sloth bear (
5228:
5216:
5204:
5192:
5142:
5133:
5124:
5115:
5106:
5097:
5088:
5079:
5067:
5056:Cuon alpinus
5055:
5046:
5030:L. mesomelas
5029:
5020:
5008:
4977:
4968:
4959:
4958:Pampas fox (
4950:
4941:
4932:
4920:
4908:
4899:
4883:S. venaticus
4882:
4870:
4858:
4857:Maned wolf (
4839:Cerdocyonina
4807:
4806:Fennec fox (
4798:
4789:
4781:V. rueppelli
4780:
4771:
4762:
4753:
4752:Arctic fox (
4745:V. ferrilata
4744:
4735:
4734:Corsac fox (
4726:
4717:
4708:
4707:Bengal fox (
4686:
4674:
4665:
4653:
4641:
4615:
4614:Island fox (
4606:
4594:
4527:H. sanguinea
4526:
4517:
4508:
4500:H. ichneumon
4499:
4490:
4478:
4466:
4457:
4448:
4436:
4424:
4415:
4406:
4397:
4380:
4371:
4362:
4353:
4344:
4335:
4327:U. edwardsii
4326:
4318:U. brachyura
4317:
4308:
4296:
4284:
4275:
4245:
4236:
4227:
4219:C. alexandri
4218:
4206:
4194:
4185:
4173:
4161:
4144:
4136:M. gambianus
4135:
4123:
4111:
4095:S. suricatta
4094:
4082:
4057:
4032:
4023:
4011:
3999:
3982:
3973:
3961:
3949:
3919:
3910:
3898:
3886:
3877:
3854:carnivorans)
3835:
3806:
3794:
3782:
3773:
3741:
3729:
3699:Herpestoidea
3662:Herpestoidea
3629:
3621:G. victoriae
3620:
3611:
3610:Cape genet (
3602:
3594:G. servalina
3593:
3584:
3583:King genet (
3576:G. piscivora
3575:
3566:
3557:
3548:
3540:G. johnstoni
3539:
3530:
3521:
3512:
3503:
3494:
3476:
3465:P. leightoni
3464:
3455:
3437:
3412:
3403:
3395:V. megaspila
3394:
3386:V. civettina
3385:
3373:
3361:
3352:
3337:
3321:
3294:
3285:
3276:
3264:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3199:
3190:
3181:
3172:
3070:
3061:
3053:F. margarita
3052:
3043:
3034:
3033:Jungle cat (
3025:
3016:
3004:
2988:
2979:
2971:P. planiceps
2970:
2961:
2952:
2942:Prionailurus
2940:
2928:
2898:
2886:
2874:
2873:Jaguarundi (
2857:
2845:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2785:
2773:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2728:
2720:L. geoffroyi
2719:
2710:
2709:Pampas cat (
2698:
2682:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2619:
2610:
2598:
2587:P. marmorata
2586:
2574:
2554:
2529:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2493:
2481:
2469:
2460:
2448:
2403:
2394:
2377:
2367:
2350:
2335:
2319:
2303:Superorder:
2297:Infraclass:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2188:
2182:
2165:10261/223616
2147:
2143:
2137:
2129:
2101:
2083:
2058:
2054:
2044:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2001:
1982:
1942:
1938:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1889:
1880:
1868:
1856:
1837:
1831:
1811:
1804:
1771:
1767:
1697:
1680:
1668:
1653:
1568:
1567:
1551:
1549:
1526:
1524:
1486:
1485:
1469:
1467:
1444:
1396:
1395:
1374:
1372:
1356:
1354:
1316:
1315:
1298:(mongooses)
1293:
1292:
1272:Herpestoidea
1269:
1254:(viverrids)
1249:
1248:
1233:
1205:
1204:
1189:
1168:
1166:
1153:
1144:
1128:polyphyletic
1121:
1063:Herpestoidea
1061:
1052:
1040:
1030:
1022:
1014:
1006:
998:
969:
961:
953:
945:
937:
923:
922:Infraorder:
900:
877:
870:
866:Viverravidae
862:
850:paraphyletic
839:
795:
780:
771:
761:
751:, including
718:
679:
670:
662:
644:
640:
604:
601:
582:
576:
561:
546:
531:
516:
491:
476:
468:
437:
416:
412:monophyletic
405:
401:
368:
367:
325:Herpestoidea
323:
322:Superfamily
310:
286:
285:Superfamily
273:
272:Infraorder:
239:
18:
7956:Carnivorans
7778:Wikispecies
7702:M. sibirica
7684:M. putorius
7657:M. nigripes
7639:M. lutreola
7612:M. haidarum
7508:N. africana
7471:A. congicus
7462:A. cinereus
7453:A. capensis
7353:Sea otter (
7331:L. provocax
7238:I. striatus
7159:Ictonychini
7054:M. melampus
6966:Wolverine (
6944:P. pennanti
6867:M. moschata
6858:M. everetti
6804:M. leucurus
6762:A. hoevenii
6753:A. collaris
6703:M. capensis
6598:N. olivacea
6513:Olinguito (
6469:Bassaricyon
6456:P. pygmaeus
6386:Bassariscus
6359:Procyonidae
6334:S. putorius
6325:S. gracilis
6243:M. mephitis
6234:M. macroura
6128:Red panda (
6108:Musteloidea
6069:Ross seal (
6022:Lobodontini
5954:Neomonachus
5882:P. sibirica
5840:P. vitulina
5805:Grey seal (
5787:Harp seal (
5679:A. pusillus
5643:A. forsteri
5478:Callorhinus
5412:Pinnipedia
5371:Musteloidea
5143:C. simensis
5107:C. lupaster
4976:Hoary fox (
4969:L. sechurae
4942:L. fulvipes
4933:L. culpaeus
4829:(true dogs)
4788:Swift fox (
4763:V. macrotis
4655:Nyctereutes
4564:Caniformia
4509:H. ochracea
4467:B. nigripes
4458:B. jacksoni
4345:U. javanica
4262:Herpestinae
4237:C. obscurus
4228:C. ansorgei
4208:Crossarchus
4064:(mongooses)
4053:Herpestidae
4033:S. durrelli
4024:S. concolor
3974:G. fasciata
3911:E. goudotii
3832:Herpestidae
3742:P. cristata
3603:G. thierryi
3558:G. maculata
3522:G. cristata
3513:G. bourloni
3266:Paradoxurus
3224:Binturong (
3163:Hemigalinae
3140:Viverroidea
3103:Viverroidea
3062:F. nigripes
2914:Leopard cat
2899:P. concolor
2816:L. pardinus
2765:L. tigrinus
2756:L. pardalis
2747:L. jacobita
2738:L. guttulus
2711:L. colocola
2470:N. nebulosa
2440:Pantherinae
2320:Feliformia
2061:: 183–199.
1774:(1): 1–28.
1660:"Carnivora"
1295:Herpestidae
1235:Viverroidea
1207:Nandiniidae
1083:and allies)
1077:Herpestidae
1057:and allies)
1042:Viverroidea
1039:Parvorder:
955:Asiavorator
932:Nandiniidae
854:carnassials
818:crustaceans
764:Nandiniidae
721:Herpestidae
702:Middle East
498:digitigrade
483:carnassials
408:extant taxa
336:Herpestidae
312:Viverroidea
309:Infraorder
281:Nandiniidae
157:Nandiniidae
141:Herpestidae
7945:Categories
7798:Feliformia
7784:Feliformia
7754:Feliformia
7675:M. nudipes
7666:M. nivalis
7630:M. kathiah
7585:M. erminea
7576:M. altaica
7526:N. frenata
7517:N. felipei
7487:Mustelinae
7229:I. libycus
7143:G. vittata
7009:M. caurina
6786:M. anakuma
6664:Mustelidae
6651:Mustelidae
6627:see below↓
6618:Mustelidae
6515:B. neblina
6426:(raccoons)
6397:B. astutus
6395:Ringtail (
6371:Kinkajou (
6343:S. pygmaea
6284:M. marchei
6142:Mephitidae
6010:M. leonina
5902:Monachinae
5873:P. hispida
5864:P. caspica
5661:A. gazella
5593:N. cinerea
5489:C. ursinus
5427:Odobenidae
5380:see below↓
5360:see below↓
5344:Pinnipedia
5262:Sun bear (
5229:T. ornatus
5218:Tremarctos
5194:Ailuropoda
5132:Red wolf (
5098:C. latrans
5021:L. adustus
4978:L. vetulus
4951:L. griseus
4881:Bush dog (
4772:V. pallida
4770:Pale fox (
4754:V. lagopus
4725:Cape fox (
4605:Gray fox (
4363:U. smithii
4195:H. parvula
4186:H. hirtula
4074:Mungotinae
3963:Galidictis
3936:Galidiinae
3864:Euplerinae
3847:Eupleridae
3836:sensu lato
3807:C. crocuta
3740:Aardwolf (
3671:see below↓
3612:G. tigrina
3585:G. poensis
3567:G. pardina
3549:G. letabae
3531:G. genetta
3429:Genettinae
3413:V. zibetha
3333:Viverrinae
3322:sensu lato
3317:Viverrinae
3286:P. jerdoni
3153:Viverridae
3112:see below↓
3051:Sand cat (
2858:A. jubatus
2683:C. caracal
2576:Pardofelis
2395:P. linsang
2336:Feliformia
1645:References
1318:Eupleridae
1251:Viverridae
1191:Aeluroidea
1170:Nimravidae
1154:Feliformia
1130:family of
1070:Eupleridae
1049:Viverridae
1032:Viretictis
925:Aeluroidea
911:Nimravidae
901:Feliformia
899:Suborder:
842:Palaeocene
812:, and the
798:Viverridae
749:omnivorous
731:, and the
729:kusimanses
655:introduced
653:have been
627:Madagascar
607:Eupleridae
589:Antarctica
487:Viverridae
456:Nimravidae
420:Nimravidae
397:Caniformia
369:Feliformia
331:Eupleridae
318:Viverridae
275:Aeluroidea
262:Nimravidae
240:Feliformia
236:Suborder:
149:Viverridae
125:Eupleridae
30:40–0
7951:Feliforms
7621:M. itatsi
7555:(weasels)
7418:Lutrogale
7355:E. lutris
7313:L. felina
7122:(grisons)
7045:M. martes
6988:(martens)
6906:Guloninae
6692:Mellivora
6565:N. narica
6506:B. medius
6497:B. gabbii
6488:B. alleni
6476:(olingos)
6445:Raccoon (
6297:Spilogale
6183:C. chinga
6164:Conepatus
6120:Ailuridae
5919:Monachini
5831:P. largha
5501:Otariinae
5464:sea lions
5459:fur seals
5450:Otariidae
5335:Mustelida
5306:U. arctos
5168:Arctoidea
5125:C. lycaon
5080:C. aureus
5010:Lupulella
4922:Lycalopex
4799:V. vulpes
4797:Red fox (
4761:Kit fox (
4736:V. corsac
4480:Herpestes
4093:Meerkat (
3852:(Malagasy
3754:Hyaeninae
3715:Hyaenidae
3630:G. felina
3044:F. lybica
2856:Cheetah (
2774:L. wiedii
2763:Oncilla (
2729:L. guigna
2700:Leopardus
2681:Caracal (
2674:C. aurata
2609:Bay cat (
2530:P. pardus
2528:Leopard (
2503:P. tigris
2461:N. diardi
2379:Prionodon
2279:Kingdom:
2268:Carnivora
2010:Prionodon
1788:1477-2019
1553:Stenogale
1471:Haplogale
1401:(hyenas)
1398:Hyaenidae
1107:Family: †
1101:Family: †
1088:Hyaenidae
1081:mongooses
1016:Stenogale
1000:Haplogale
990:Family: †
916:Family: †
884:Miacoidea
880:Carnivora
846:Miacoidea
828:Evolution
814:binturong
725:mongooses
682:Hyaenidae
585:Australia
573:Binturong
448:inner ear
389:viverrids
385:mongooses
373:Carnivora
341:Hyaenidae
253:Families
230:Carnivora
196:Kingdom:
190:Eukaryota
165:Hyaenidae
24:Feliforms
7876:14000002
7763:Wikidata
7601:Ferret (
7535:N. vison
7396:L. lutra
7264:(otters)
7258:Lutrinae
7115:Galictis
7027:M. foina
6942:Fisher (
6830:Melogale
6813:M. meles
6733:Arctonyx
6578:Nasuella
6556:N. nasua
6533:(coatis)
6447:P. lotor
6223:Mephitis
5982:Mirounga
5732:Phocinae
5713:Phocidae
5582:Neophoca
5528:Zalophus
5435:Walrus (
5134:C. rufus
5116:C. lupus
5096:Coyote (
4931:Culpeo (
4872:Speothos
4808:V. zerda
4790:V. velox
4727:V. chama
4438:Bdeogale
4336:U. fusca
4175:Helogale
4145:M. mungo
4084:Suricata
4013:Salanoia
3920:E. major
3900:Eupleres
3731:Proteles
3720:(hyenas)
3484:(genets)
3035:F. chaus
3026:F. catus
3017:F. bieti
2897:Cougar (
2847:Acinonyx
2825:L. rufus
2823:Bobcat (
2772:Margay (
2754:Ocelot (
2727:Kodkod (
2648:Serval (
2611:C. badia
2600:Catopuma
2510:Jaguar (
2494:P. uncia
2483:Panthera
2450:Neofelis
2368:Feloidea
2299:Eutheria
2293:Mammalia
2287:Chordata
2285:Phylum:
2281:Animalia
2174:91268744
2121:62265494
2091:(2005).
2075:86544459
2036:83979855
1959:86239933
1796:86755875
1748:Archived
1726:Archived
1446:Feloidea
1135:viverrid
1096:aardwolf
1086:Family:
1075:Family:
1068:Family:
1047:Family:
1029:Genus: †
1021:Genus: †
1013:Genus: †
1005:Genus: †
997:Genus: †
983:Family:
976:Family:
971:Feloidea
960:Genus: †
952:Genus: †
944:Genus: †
936:Genus: †
930:Family:
906:Family:
858:ossified
822:molluscs
741:reptiles
714:aardwolf
690:aardwolf
635:Malagasy
615:falanouc
494:arboreal
479:rostrums
460:ossified
403:evolve.
287:Feloidea
220:Mammalia
210:Chordata
206:Phylum:
200:Animalia
186:Domain:
163:(family
155:(family
147:(family
139:(family
131:(family
123:(family
103:Holocene
7928:1460003
7824:2850509
7603:M. furo
7548:Mustela
7497:Neogale
7344:Enhydra
7218:Ictonyx
7177:Vormela
7134:G. cuja
7061:Sable (
6968:G. gulo
6933:Pekania
6918:Tayra (
6715:Melinae
6527:Nasuina
6419:Procyon
5775:Phocini
5414:(seals)
5349:(seals)
5241:Ursinae
5183:(bears)
5178:Ursidae
5054:Dhole (
4844:(zorro)
4718:V. cana
4628:Vulpini
4596:Urocyon
4580:Canidae
4372:U. urva
3876:Fossa (
3796:Crocuta
3478:Genetta
3375:Viverra
2916:lineage
2838:lineage
2807:L. lynx
2663:Caracal
2637:lineage
2635:Caracal
2567:lineage
2565:Bay cat
2551:Felinae
2512:P. onca
2501:Tiger (
2421:Felidae
2291:Class:
2270:species
2266:Extant
1573:(cats)
1570:Felidae
1449:
1275:
1238:
1194:
1156:
1132:extinct
1122:Family
1054:Viverra
978:Felidae
947:Anictis
796:Family
781:Family
762:Family
733:meerkat
719:Family
680:Family
647:Felidae
645:Family
605:Family
593:insects
558:Meerkat
528:Cheetah
292:Felidae
245:Kretzoi
226:Order:
216:Class:
133:Felidae
129:leopard
7902:827259
7889:379583
7863:552304
7769:Q27070
7293:Lontra
6981:Martes
6256:Mydaus
6150:skunks
5114:Wolf (
4994:Canina
4824:Canini
4688:Vulpes
4584:(dogs)
4125:Mungos
3439:Poiana
2521:P. leo
2519:Lion (
2425:(cats)
2195:
2172:
2119:
2109:
2073:
2034:
2014:Poiana
1989:
1957:
1844:
1819:
1794:
1786:
1443:
1270:
1232:
1188:
1152:
1092:hyenas
980:(cats)
873:Eocene
806:genets
802:civets
757:tubers
753:fruits
710:Africa
698:canids
686:hyenas
471:fossil
452:septum
444:middle
381:hyenas
247:, 1945
7923:WoRMS
7915:72064
7837:12640
7442:Aonyx
7385:Lutra
6775:Meles
6545:Nasua
5820:Phoca
5277:Ursus
5069:Canis
4696:foxes
3006:Felis
2170:S2CID
2095:. In
2071:S2CID
2032:S2CID
1955:S2CID
1792:S2CID
1126:is a
810:oyans
766:(the
745:crabs
706:India
696:with
675:birds
667:tiger
611:fossa
513:Fossa
121:fossa
7884:NCBI
7858:ITIS
6957:Gulo
5853:Pusa
4298:Urva
2888:Puma
2836:Puma
2787:Lynx
2193:ISBN
2117:OCLC
2107:ISBN
2012:and
1987:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1817:ISBN
1784:ISSN
1690:ITIS
1094:and
886:and
820:and
755:and
737:Asia
708:and
688:and
621:and
587:and
446:and
393:taxa
377:cats
38:PreꞒ
7871:MSW
7819:EoL
7811:4DL
7806:CoL
7793:ADW
2222:doi
2160:hdl
2152:doi
2063:doi
2059:131
2024:doi
1947:doi
1896:doi
1776:doi
1704:doi
631:DNA
599:).
595:or
422:).
159:),
151:),
143:),
135:),
127:),
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7899::
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2030:.
2018:.
1967:^
1953:.
1943:28
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890:.
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808:,
804:,
727:,
704:,
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489:.
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88:Pg
32:Ma
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43:Ꞓ
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