862:
760:
1664:: 21% of all children in the United States live in poverty, about 46% of black children and 40% of Latino children. The poverty rate is 9.9% for black married couples, and only 30% of black children are born to married couples (see Marriage below). The poverty rate for native born and naturalized whites is identical (9.6%). On the other hand, the poverty rate for naturalized blacks is 11.8% compared to 25.1% for native born blacks, suggesting race alone does not explain income disparity. Not all minorities have low incomes. Asian families have higher incomes than all other ethnic groups. For example, the 2005 median income of Asian families was $ 68,957 compared to the median income of white families of $ 59,124. Asians, however, report discrimination occurrences more frequently than blacks. Specifically, 31% of Asians reported employment discrimination compared to 26% of blacks in 2005.
1474:
experience income disparities in the form of a wage gap that heavily contributes to the increased risk of poverty. In 2020, workers with disabilities (ages 18â64) were paid, on average, 74 cents for every dollar paid to their non-disabled peers. People with disabilities face additional challenges including an added cost of living, a lack of affordable and accessible transportation and housing, and a lack of access to affordable support and services that contribute to their increased risk of experiencing poverty. Income disparities, employment challenges, and additional barriers can cause difficulties in affording rent, as 4 in 10 disabled people in the United States are struggling to afford their rent. Additionally, people with disabilities are three times more likely to not have enough to eat and are almost twice as likely to be unable to pay monthly bills.
327:
1832:
1840:
1648:
1483:
1636:
1906:, 27 percent of households â nearly double the percentage that are income poor â are living in "asset poverty." These families do not have the savings or other assets to cover basic expenses (equivalent to what could be purchased with a poverty level income) for three months if a layoff or other emergency leads to loss of income. Since 2009, the number of asset poor families has increased by 21 percent from about one in five families to one in four families. In order to provide assistance to such asset poor families, Congress appropriated $ 24 million to administer the Assets for Independence Program under the supervision of the US Department for Health and Human Services. The program enables community-based nonprofits and government agencies to implement
312:
1137:
1372:
causes rashes and sanitation problems as well as health problems. Without diapers, children are unable to enter into daycare. The lack of childcare can be detrimental to single mothers, hindering their ability to obtain employment. Worst affected are Oregon, Arizona, New Mexico, Florida, and the
District of Columbia, while North Dakota, New Hampshire, Virginia, Minnesota and Massachusetts are the least affected. 31 million low-income children received free or reduced-price meals daily through the National School lunch program during the 2012 federal fiscal year. Nearly 14 million children are estimated to be served by Feeding America with over 3 million being of the ages of 5 and under.
40:
1730:, "commonplace for poor men of working age." Scholars assert that the transformation of the already anemic U.S. welfare state to a post-welfare punitive state, along with neoliberal structural adjustment policies, the globalization of the U.S. economy and the dominance of global financial institutions, have created more extreme forms of "destitute poverty" in the U.S. which must be contained by expanding the criminal justice system and the carceral state into every aspect of the lives of the poor, which, according to Reuben Jonathan Miller and Emily Shayman, has resulted in "transforming what it means to be poor in America."
1286:
1580:
1707:
rates between states reveals that some low tax states have low poverty rates. For example, New
Hampshire has the lowest poverty rate of any state in the U. S., and has very low taxes (46th among all states). It is true however that both Switzerland and New Hampshire have a very high household income and other measures offsetting the lack of taxation. For example, Switzerland has Universal Healthcare and a free system of education for children as young as four years old. New Hampshire has no state income tax or sales tax, but does have the nation's highest property taxes.
465:
30:
2164:
1710:
1535:
1315:
808:
14883:
5935:
society. In addition, the absence of social supports stems from failings at the political and policy levels. The United States has traditionally lacked the political desire to put in place effective policies and programs that would support the economically vulnerable. Structural failing at the economic and political levels have therefore produced a lack of opportunities and supports, resulting in high rates of
American poverty. (p.121)
945:
398:, dragged some eight million people into poverty. According to OECD, nearly 23 percent of American workers work in low-wage jobs, compared with 17 percent in Britain, 11 percent in Japan and 5 percent in Italy. In January 2021, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, 11.6 percent of the US population, or 37.9 million people, were living in poverty(using as an example a family of three earning less than $ 21,559). In his 2023 book
926:
1352:, which claims that 3.5 million children under the age of 5 are at risk of hunger in the United States. The study claims that in 11 states, Louisiana, which has the highest rate, followed by North Carolina, Ohio, Kentucky, Texas, New Mexico, Kansas, South Carolina, Tennessee, Idaho and Arkansas, more than 20 percent of children under 5 are allegedly at risk of going hungry. (receiving fewer than 1,800 calories per day).
156:
7227:
510:
spends one-third of its budget on food, more recent surveys have shown that that number has decreased to one-fifth in the 1980s and one-sixth by the 1990s. If the poverty thresholds were recalculated based on the share of household budgets taken by food costs as of 2008, the economy food budget multiplier would have been 7.8 rather than 3, greatly increasing the thresholds.
484:. According to the USDA's 1955 Household Food Consumption Survey, families of three or more people spent one-third of their after-tax income on food. For these families, poverty thresholds were set at three times the cost of the economy food plan. Different procedures were used for calculating poverty thresholds for two-person households and persons living alone.
1171:
economic poverty with neglect ... South Dakota's rate of identifying "neglect" is 18% higher than the national average... In 2010, the national average of state discernment of neglect, as a percent of total maltreatment of foster children prior to their being taken into custody by the state, was 78.3%. In South Dakota the rate was 95.8%."
883:, there is a "near-unanimous consensus among poverty researchers that the official poverty measure (OPM) in the United States is a disaster" primarily because of its failure to include all anti-poverty government benefits as income when calculating whether or not an individual is poor. The OPM includes governmental anti-poverty cash aid like
803:
with current consumption patterns of the average family. Quite a few families then didn't have their own private telephone, or a car, or even a mixer in their kitchen... The official poverty line has thus been allowed to fall substantially below a socially decent minimum, even though its intention was to measure such a minimum.
1694:, the high rates of poverty in the U.S. cannot be explained as simply the result of personal and behavioral failures of individuals, but rather structural failures at the economic and political levels. The free market economy of the U.S. mostly produces jobs that are inadequate in supporting families, and the very nature of
495:(OEO) adopted the Orshansky poverty thresholds for statistical, planning, and budgetary purposes in May 1965. Officials at the OEO were enthusiastic; as research director Joseph Kershaw remarked, "Mollie Orshansky says that when you have more people in the family, you need more money. Isn't that sensible?"
1848:
In the age of inequality, such anti-poverty policies are more important than ever, as higher inequality creates both more poverty along with steeper barriers to getting ahead, whether through the lack of early education, nutrition, adequate housing, and a host of other poverty-related conditions that
1206:
In 2019, the poverty rate overall was 10.5% and for Blacks it was 18.8%, the lowest rates for both since the Census Bureau started keeping statistics in 1959. However, African
Americans are over-represented in the poverty population: they represented 13.2% of the total population in the country, but
731:
Many sociologists and government officials have argued that poverty in the United States is understated, meaning that there are more households living in actual poverty than there are households below the poverty threshold. A study taken in 2012 estimated that roughly 38% of
Americans live "paycheck
257:
specifically focused on creating jobs for alleviating poverty. Jobs were more expensive than direct cash payments (called "the dole"), but were psychologically more beneficial to the unemployed, who wanted any sort of job for morale. Other New Deal initiatives that aimed at job creation and wellbeing
229:
and tenant farmers in the South. These farmers consisted of around a fourth of the South's population, and over a third of these people were
African Americans. Historian James T. Patterson refers to these people as the "old poverty," as opposed to the "new poverty" that emerged after the onset of the
55:
has both social and political implications. In 2020, there were 37.2 million people in poverty. Some of the many causes include income, inequality, inflation, unemployment, debt traps and poor education. The majority of adults living in poverty are employed and have at least a high school education.
1811:
as tenant exploitation ("overcharging renters relative to the market value of their home"). Landlords perceive operating in poorer neighborhoods as a greater risk, even though losses are rare, and therefore raise rents on all tenants, which "contributes to their economic scarcity and hardship and is
1620:
Income levels vary with age. For example, the median 2009 income for households headed by individuals age 15â24 was only $ 30,750, but increased to $ 50,188 for household headed by individuals age 25â34 and $ 61,083 for household headed by individuals 35â44. Work experience and additional education
1603:
stated in 2014: "Public funding of education is another way that governments can help offset the advantages some households have in resources available for children. One of the most consequential examples is early childhood education. Research shows that children from lower-income households who get
1170:
reservations in South Dakota. This fact has been cited by some critics as a mechanism that enables the "kidnapping" of Lakota children by the state of South Dakota's
Department of Social Services. The Lakota People's Law Project, among other critics, allege that South Dakota "inappropriately equates
838:
The
Supplemental Poverty Measure, introduced in 2011, aims at providing a more accurate picture of the true extent of poverty in the United States by taking account of non-cash benefits and geographic variations. According to this new measure, 16% of Americans lived in poverty in 2011, compared with
6127:
Several researchers have looked closely at the problem of deep poverty. In one study, researchers at the Urban
Institute used the Census Bureau definition of deep poverty to look at data for 2012. ... The Urban Institute study also found that three quarters of adults in deep poverty have not worked
5934:
The tendency of our free market economy has been to produce a growing number of jobs that will no longer support a family. In addition, the basic nature of capitalism ensures that unemployment exists at modest levels. Both of these directly result in a shortage of economic opportunities in
American
2568:
The Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) rate in 2022 was 12.4%, an increase of 4.6 percentage points from 2021. This increase can be attributed to key changes in federal tax policy, including the expiration of temporary expansions to the Child Tax Credit (CTC) and the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
1178:
in particular has had unprecedented effects on its residents' longevity. "Recent reports state the average life expectancy is 45 years old while others state that it is 48 years old for men and 52 years old for women. With either set of figures, that's the shortest life expectancy for any community
786:
However, the poverty line only takes into account food purchases that were common more than 50 years ago. It assumes that Americans spend one third of their income on food; in fact, Americans typically spent less than one tenth of their after-tax income on food in 2000. For many families, the costs
709:
Additionally, the report suggested an alternative measure of poverty, which uses actual expenditure data to develop a threshold value for a family of fourâand then update this threshold every year and according to geographic location. This alternative measure of poverty would also change the income
705:
that concluded that the official poverty measure in the United States is flawed. The panel noted that the thresholds are the same irrespective of geography and stated that due to "rising living standards in the United States, most approaches for developing poverty thresholds (including the original
1706:
The relationship between tax rates and poverty is disputed. A study comparing high tax Scandinavian countries with the U. S. suggests high tax rates are inversely correlated with poverty rates. The poverty rate, however, is low in some low tax countries like Switzerland. A comparison of poverty
755:
Given that the "intermediate" budget was fairly modest, observers questioned whether poverty levels were really capturing the full extent of prosperity, challenging the long-established view that most Americans had attained an affluent standard of living in the two decades following the end of the
717:
Unlike the poverty thresholds, and in line with the NRC recommendations, the SPM both includes certain non-cash benefits in a family's income and adjusts thresholds for differences in housing costs by geographic area. Additionally, the SPM thresholds are based on how much a "reference" family with
1926:(EITC or EIC) is a credit for people who earn low-to-moderate incomes. This credit allows them to get money from the government if their total tax outlay is less than the total credit earned, meaning it is not just a reduction in total tax paid but can also bring new income to the household. The
1371:
are most likely to be affected. 30 percent of low-income single mothers cannot afford diapers. Inability to afford this necessity can cause a chain reaction, including mental, health, and behavioral problems. Some women are forced to make use of one or two diapers, using them more than once. This
802:
The official poverty line today is essentially what it takes in today's dollars, adjusted for inflation, to purchase the same poverty-line level of living that was appropriate to a half century ago, in 1955 .... Updated thereafter only for inflation, the poverty line lost all connection over time
713:
The work of the panel led to the development of the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM), which was intended to address some of the weaknesses of the existing poverty guidelines. In October 2014, the Census Bureau released a report describing the SPM and stated its intention to publish SPM measures
509:
Apart from minor changes in 1981 that changed the number of thresholds from 124 to 48, poverty thresholds have remained static for the past fifty years despite criticism that the thresholds may not be completely accurate. Although the poverty thresholds assumes that the average household of three
2396:
Under the official poverty measure, an individual is counted as poor if his or her family's pre-tax money income falls below the poverty threshold. Pre-tax money income excludes the value of government noncash benefits provided either privately or publicly, such as health insurance, Supplemental
1473:
are twice as likely to live in poverty due to persistent discrimination, structural and institutional barriers to economic security, and employment disparities. In 2019, 21.6 percent of disabled people were considered poor under the Censusâs Supplemental Poverty Measure. People with disabilities
440:
issues the poverty guidelines for administrative purposesâfor instance, to determine whether a person or family is eligible for assistance through various federal programs. Both the poverty thresholds and poverty guidelines are updated yearly. More recently, the Census Bureau has begun using the
6101:
According to the latest national data, one in eighteen people in the United States lives in "deep poverty," a subterranean level of scarcity. Take the poverty line and cut it in half: Anything below that is considered deep poverty. The deep poverty line in 2020 was $ 6,380 annually for a single
1780:
Scientists in Houston, Texas, have lifted the lid on one of Americaâs darkest and deepest secrets: that hidden beneath fabulous wealth, the US tolerates poverty-related illness at levels comparable to the worldâs poorest countries. More than one in three people sampled in a poor area of Alabama
1598:
Income has a high correlation with educational levels. In 2007, the median earnings of household headed by individuals with less than a 9th grade education was $ 20,805 while households headed by high school graduates earned $ 40,456, households headed by holders of bachelor's degrees earned $
1460:
writes that the "overwhelming majority" of prisoners and former prisoners of the U.S. prison system, which "has no equal in any other country or any other epoch," are extremely poor. And they stay poor as prison jobs pay an average wage of between 14 cents and $ 1.41 an hour. He notes that the
5267:
In many cities and counties the criminal justice system is effectively a system for keeping the poor in poverty while generating revenue to fund not only the justice system but diverse other programs. The use of the legal system, not to promote justice, but to raise revenue, as documented so
1942:
have helped reduce the poverty rate from 26% in 1967 to 16% in 2012, according to a Supplemental Poverty Model (SPM) created by Columbia University, while the official U.S. Poverty Rate has not changed, as the economy by itself has done little to reduce poverty. According to the 2013 Columbia
1878:
efforts to reduce poverty and their effects. These range in scope from neighborhood efforts to campaigns with a national focus. They target specific groups affected by poverty such as children, people who are autistic, immigrants, or people who are homeless. Efforts to alleviate poverty use a
1793:
Poverty may be fueling the Obesity epidemic, with the poorest states, counties and neighborhoods having the highest death rates from heart disease, stroke, diabetes and other diseases related to obesity. For every $ 10,000 poorer a neighborhood is, the death rate of heart disease increases by
677:
The poverty guidelines are a version of the poverty thresholds used by federal agencies for administrative purposes, such as determining eligibility for federal assistance programs. They are useful because poverty thresholds for one calendar year are not published until the summer of the next
1502:
is often funded by local communities; therefore the quality of materials and teachers can reflect the affluence of community. That said, many communities address this by supplementing these areas with funds from other districts. Low income communities are often not able to afford the quality
1569:
found that cumulative poverty of 10+ years is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality in the United States, associated with almost 300,000 deaths per year. A single year of poverty was associated with 183,000 deaths in 2019, making it the seventh leading risk factor for mortality that
1414:
Children living in poverty may also experience many health and developmental problems due to food insecurity and malnutrition. Children in low socioeconomic statuses are shown to have more gray matter which affects educational and life outcomes. They may have a lower immune systems due to
873:
Some critics assert that the official U.S. poverty definition is inconsistent with how it is defined by its own citizens and the rest of the world, because the U.S. government considers many citizens statistically impoverished despite their ability to sufficiently meet their basic needs.
5636:
A single year of poverty, defined relatively in the study as having less than 50 percent of the US median household income, is associated with 183,000 American deaths per year. Being in 'cumulative poverty,' or 10 years or more of uninterrupted poverty, is associated with 295,000 annual
1698:
itself is to make certain that a "modest level" of unemployment always exists. Both of these, combined with failings at the policy level to support the economically vulnerable, have ensured that "there are not nearly enough opportunities and resources to support the entire population."
1561:. These challenges are often due to the population's geographic location and negative environmental effects. Examining the divergences in health between the impoverished and their non-impoverished counterparts provides insight into the living conditions of those who live in poverty.
852:
writes that the "overwhelming majority" of prisoners and former prisoners of the US prison system are extremely poor, and this group is largely omitted from poverty statistics and national surveys, "which means there are millions more poor Americans than official statistics let on."
1812:
a source of residential insecurity, eviction, and homelessness." The authors argue that the higher profit margins implies that the lack of affordable housing in these areas is driven in part by "the market dynamics of landlords" in addition to "supply levels or regulatory barriers."
911:
Burkhauser et al. find that accounting for cash income, taxes, and major in-kind transfers and updating poverty thresholds for inflation show that a Full-income Poverty Rate based on President Johnson's standards fell from 19.5 percent to 2.3 percent over the 1963â2017 period.
846:, "There is no exact way of measuring poverty. The measures are contingent on how we conceive of and define poverty. Efforts to develop more refined measures have been dominated by researchers who intentionally want to provide estimates that reduce the magnitude of poverty."
1379:
has reached record levels, calculating that 2.5 million children, or one child in every 30, experienced homelessness in 2013. High levels of poverty, lack of affordable housing and domestic violence were cited as the primary causes. A 2017 peer-reviewed study published in
1549:, according to the U.S. Government's official poverty measure. People who are beneath and at the poverty line have different health risks than citizens above it, as well as different health outcomes. The impoverished population grapples with a plethora of challenges in
834:
only earned by roughly 20% of all households in the county. Such fluctuations in local markets are, however, not considered in the federal poverty threshold and may leave many who live in poverty-like conditions out of the total number of households classified as poor.
1886:
Recent debates have centered on the need for policies that focus on both "income poverty" and "asset poverty." Advocates for the approach argue that traditional governmental poverty policies focus solely on supplementing the income of the poor through programs such as
338:
helped to raise the poverty levels again. As of 2009, the number of people who were in poverty was approaching 1960s levels that led to the national War on Poverty. The 2010 census data shows that half the population qualifies as poor or low income, with one in five
298:
helped increase public debate and awareness of the poverty issue. The War on Poverty embraced expanding the federal government's roles in education and health care as poverty reduction strategies, and many of its programs were administered by the newly established
714:
every year. However, SPM is intended to "supplement" the existing poverty thresholds, not "replace" them, as poverty thresholds will remain the "official" Census Bureau measure and poverty guidelines will be derived only from the "official" poverty measures.
366:
warned the United States that its high poverty rate needs to be tackled urgently by raising the minimum wage and offering paid maternity leave to women to encourage them to enter the labor force. In December 2017, the United Nations special rapporteur on
95:(Welfare) as part of someone's income when reporting on how many people are in poverty. Since 2011 the Census Bureau has also been reporting a newer Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM), which includes non-cash anti-poverty government assistance like
1450:, the U.N. Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, asserted that the justice system throughout the U.S. is designed to keep people mired in poverty and to generate revenue to fund the justice system and other governmental programs.
1410:
fund, food insecurity among families with children as increased by two-thirds since March 2020. The fund further states that "the U.S. continues to lag behind most peer countries in meeting the needs of children and families during the pandemic".
2397:
Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, or housing assistance. It also does not consider taxes paid to federal, state, or local governments, or tax benefits (such as the Earned Income Tax Credit, EITC) that might be received by families.
436:, which are generally used for statistical purposesâfor example, to estimate the number of people in poverty nationwide each year and classify them by type of residence, race, and other social, economic, and demographic characteristics. The
7113:
Sciandra, M., Sanbonmatsu, L., Duncan, G. J., Gennetian, L. A., Katz, L. F., Kessler, R. C., et al. (2013). Long-term effects of the Moving to Opportunity residential mobility experiment on crime and delinquency. Journal of Exp Criminol 9,
4530:
Statistics derived from U.S. Census Bureau data; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business; and DataQuick Information Systems, a public records database company located in La Jolla, San Diego,
1736:
writes that in 2020 around 18 million people, including more than 5 million children, lived in "deep poverty" (the poverty line cut in half), which amounted to an annual income below $ 6,380 for individuals and $ 13,100 for family of
415:
writes in 2023 that the last four decades has seen a retrenchment of the social safety net, with a reduction in eligibility and amount of benefits transferred. This, along with the failure of the US to provide universal child care,
2497:
6471:
1604:
good-quality pre-Kindergarten education are more likely to graduate from high school and attend college as well as hold a job and have higher earnings, and they are less likely to be incarcerated or receive public assistance."
907:
has started publishing the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM), which factors these non-cash benefits into the calculation, along with regional differences in cost of living, and is widely seen as a more comprehensive measure.
795:, transportation, and access to basic telecommunications take a much larger bite out of the family's income than a half century ago, yet none of these costs are considered in determining the official poverty thresholds.
1930:
is viewed as the largest poverty reduction program in the United States. There is an ongoing debate in the U.S. about what the most effective way to fight poverty is, through the tax code with the EITC, or through the
1215:
With data collected from 35 states from 2014-2017, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey shows that 21.6% of the LGBTQ+ population is living in poverty. The number varies depending on identity:
177:
public interest in how poverty could arise even in a time of economic progress arose in the 19th century with the rise of the Progressive movement. The Progressive American social survey began with the publication of
1918:
savings is matched by federal and non-federal funds to enable households to add to their assets portfolio by buying their first home, acquiring a post-secondary education, or starting or expanding a small business.
3791:
390:) had fallen to some of lowest levels ever recorded due to the record-long economic growth period and stood at 11.1% (adjusted for smaller response during the pandemic). However, between May and October 2020, the
122:
dollars. The SPM increased by 4.6% in 2022 to 12.4%, due to the ending of pandemic stimulus payments and tax credits, with around 15.3 million Americans falling into poverty over this time period according to the
3864:
6284:
Schultz, William M.; Kelli, Heval M.; Lisko, John C.; Varghese, Tina; Shen, Jia; Sandesara, Pratik; Quyyumi, Arshed A.; Taylor, Herman A.; Gulati, Martha; Harold, John G.; Mieres, Jennifer H. (May 15, 2018).
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12716:
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782:
initiative in the early 1960s. The thresholds were based on the cost of a food basket at the time, multiplied by three, under the assumption that the average family spent one-third of its income on food.
134:) had fallen to some of the lowest levels ever recorded due to the record-long period of economic growth. However, between May and October 2020, some eight million people were put into poverty due to the
3499:
1971:
argues that this developed because of government intervention rather than lack of it, which pushed consumer credit for meeting citizens' needs rather than applying social welfare policies as in Europe.
1461:
carceral state also "disappears" the incarcerated poor by erasing them from poverty statistics and national surveys, "which means there are millions more poor Americans than official statistics let on."
1250:
The rate of poverty for the transgender community is larger than any other LGBTQ+ population. The 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey shows that this percentage varies depending on racial and ethnic identity:
710:
calculation for a family, including certain non-cash benefits that satisfied "basic needs" such as food stamps and public housing while excluding "non-basic needs" such as medical costs and child care.
56:
Although the US is a relatively wealthy country by international standards, it has a persistently high poverty rate compared to other developed countries due in part to a less generous welfare system.
775:
There have also been criticism of the methodology used to develop the U.S. poverty thresholds in the first place. The poverty thresholds used by the US government were originally developed during the
735:
In 1969, the Bureau of Labor Statistics put forward suggested budgets for adequate family living. 60% of working-class Americans lived below the "intermediate" budget, which allowed for the following:
12741:
12671:
10006:
830:, where the low-pay industry of agriculture is the largest sector in the economy and the majority of the population lacks a college education, the median home price was $ 723,790, requiring an
12721:
4168:
4149:
4094:
1943:
University study which created the (SPM) method of measuring poverty, without such programs the poverty rate would be 29% today. An analysis of the study by Kevin Drum suggests the American
10726:
4646:
U.S. Census Bureau. American FactFinder. Income in the past 12 months (in 2017 inflation-adjusted dollars). 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
4639:
4187:
861:
7249:
5891:
303:. The War on Poverty coincided with more methodological and precise statistical versions of studying poverty; the "official" U.S. statistical measure of poverty was only adopted in 1969.
506:, rather than changes in the standard of living. In August 1969, the Bureau of the Budget designated these revised thresholds as the federal government's official definition of poverty.
12561:
11218:
4817:
1399:
Poverty is also associated with expanded adverse childhood experiences, such as witnessing violence, feeling discrimination, and experiencing bullying. According to a 2016 study by the
34:
Proportion of Americans living below the poverty line in each county of the fifty states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico according to the 2016â2020 American Community Survey
12611:
3298:
12626:
12521:
759:
12711:
13599:
12676:
6730:
5255:
3036:
1607:
In many cases, poverty is caused by job loss. In 2007, the poverty rate was 21.5% for individuals who were unemployed, but only 2.5% for individuals who were employed full-time.
379:
to have the "worst poverty in the developed world." Alston's report was issued in May 2018 and highlights that 40 million people live in poverty and over five million live "in '
1355:
In 2012, 16.1 million American children were living in poverty. Outside of the 49 million Americans living in food-insecure homes, 15.9 million of them were children. In 2013,
375:, undertook a two-week investigation on the effects of systemic poverty in the United States, and sharply condemned "private wealth and public squalor," declaring the state of
11091:
3868:
1703:
writes that the U.S. "offers some of the lowest wages in the industrialized world," which has "swelled the ranks of the working poor, most of whom are thirty-five or older."
135:
3799:
2632:
Were it not for those survey problems, the Census Bureau estimates, median household income would have risen just 3.8% and the poverty rate would have registered as 11.1%.
4958:
1671:
and wealth inequality (i.e., policies that transfer money from higher-income and more wealthy families to less wealthy families) bear significantly on poverty. Economist
12731:
10808:
12726:
10813:
2985:
2947:
12736:
10908:
10248:
10118:
7527:
3654:
408:
writes that the poverty rate in the United States has not improved in half a century, with 11% of the population living in poverty in 2019, compared to 12% in 1970.
5620:
12706:
12616:
12566:
12526:
7663:
3582:
2847:
12701:
12696:
12691:
11498:
10378:
7606:
2614:
1403:, teenagers in low income communities are often forced to join gangs, save school lunches, sell drugs or exchange sexual favors because they cannot afford food.
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7301:
502:
resisted these changes, but formed an interagency committee that, in 1969, decided that poverty thresholds would be adjusted for inflation by being tied to the
12686:
12257:
10985:
10753:
10587:
10243:
6815:
1308:
103:(health care for the poor), and also accounts for regional differences in the cost of living. The SPM is considered a more comprehensive estimate of poverty.
5440:
Patrick, Donald L.; Stein, Jane; Porta, Miquel; Porter, Carol Q.; Ricketts, Thomas C. (1988). "Poverty, Health Services, and Health Status in Rural America".
1147:
As of 2010 about half of those living in poverty are non-Hispanic white (19.6 million). Non-Hispanic white children comprised 57% of all poor rural children.
13959:
12651:
12556:
12531:
11274:
10841:
10731:
8749:
7462:
3249:
1761:
686:
522:
437:
5251:
12666:
12661:
12571:
12330:
10609:
4657:
4765:
1439:
The poor in the United States are incarcerated at a much higher rate than their counterparts in other developed nations. According to a 2015 study by the
12536:
12418:
12252:
10646:
8875:
8865:
8825:
6511:
4165:
4146:
4091:
2010:
1418:
Child poverty more than doubled from 5.2% in 2021 to 12.4% in 2022 largely as the result of pandemic aid running out, in particular the expansion of the
1043:
1008:
988:
839:
the official figure of 15.2%. With the new measure, one study estimated that nearly half of all Americans lived within 200% of the federal poverty line.
4636:
4184:
2417:
12656:
11186:
11044:
4205:
4070:
2745:
2923:
194:. It focused on studying the conditions of the slums in Chicago, including four maps color-coded by nationality and income level, which were based on
10748:
10535:
5854:
2015:
1195:
5701:
4125:
American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Selected economic characteristics - Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (2010). (URL unavailable).
2238:
Adams, R. H., (2004). Economic growth, inequality, and poverty: Estimating the growth elasticity of poverty, World Development 32(12), p. 1989-2014.
1419:
491:
declared the War on Poverty just six months laterâand Orshansky's work offered a numerical way to measure progress in this effort. The newly formed
11240:
11213:
10530:
6914:
6830:
6603:
4781:
4101:
American FactFinder. Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics: 2010. 2010 American Samoa Demographic Profile Data. . Retrieved August 30, 2019.
433:
87:
defines income levels for which people are eligible for governmental anti-poverty assistance. The OPM includes cash assistance from programs like
12951:
11588:
11548:
9884:
6789:
5489:
4566:
1687:
estimated that at 1979 levels of income inequality, the bottom 80% of families would have an average of $ 11,000 more per year in income in 2014.
1565:
6568:
Bradley, D., E. Huber, S. Moller, F. Nielsen, and J. D. Stephens (2003). "Determinants of Relative Poverty in Advanced Capitalist Democracies".
6175:
4837:
3207:
1862:
Tens of millions of Americans do not end up poor by a mistake of history or personal conduct. Poverty persists because some wish and will it to.
1759:, and are forced to contend with substandard education, dilapidated housing, and few stable employment opportunities. A 2017 study published in
11396:
10314:
9801:
9749:
4814:
13448:
12500:
12205:
11610:
10846:
10053:
8509:
7520:
7418:
7290:
498:
Officials at the Social Security Administration began to plan on how to adjust poverty thresholds for changes in the standard of living. The
11228:
10825:
10641:
10582:
10165:
10123:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9859:
9854:
9849:
9844:
9839:
9834:
1311:(OECD) uses a different measure for poverty and declared in 2008 that child poverty in the US is 20% and poverty among the elderly is 23%.
1068:
had the highest poverty rate in 2018 (19.7% poverty rate), followed by Louisiana (18.65%), New Mexico (18.55%) and West Virginia (17.10%).
492:
5977:
5592:
14687:
14562:
12352:
12195:
12090:
11835:
11573:
10693:
10604:
10346:
10331:
10213:
7673:
7641:
7571:
2020:
1432:
4454:
4428:
4402:
4373:
4347:
4326:
4300:
3103:
3057:
14572:
12178:
11693:
11688:
11678:
11051:
10780:
10028:
5759:
4598:
14830:
12347:
12290:
12183:
12012:
11454:
9957:
8818:
5155:
4501:
2150:
1952:
1896:
1781:
tested positive for traces of hookworm, a gastrointestinal parasite that was thought to have been eradicated from the US decades ago.
892:
682:
96:
7691:
6373:
3999:"Evaluating the Success of President Johnson's War on Poverty: Revisiting the Historical Record Using a Full-Income Poverty Measure"
3466:
2551:
1647:
13728:
13396:
12394:
12190:
11683:
11171:
11111:
10671:
10326:
10218:
10068:
7931:
7591:
7545:
7513:
6491:
2132:
1975:
Some argue that increasing diversity among members of legislative bodies would better enable government efforts to reduce poverty.
1516:
391:
362:
report ranked the U.S. as having the second-highest relative child poverty rates in the developed world. As of June 2016, the
326:
5815:
5252:"Statement on Visit to the USA, by Professor Philip Alston, United Nations Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights"
3118:
3033:"Statement on Visit to the USA, by Professor Philip Alston, United Nations Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights"
1831:
355:, which have rendered economically marginalized communities as destitute "surplus populations" in need of control and punishment.
14679:
14617:
12300:
12273:
12232:
12227:
12200:
12130:
12017:
11813:
11620:
11208:
11032:
10930:
10562:
7973:
7815:
7790:
7658:
7296:
7078:
5030:
1947:
effectively reduces poverty among the elderly but provides relatively little assistance to the working-age poor. A 2014 study by
1892:
1888:
1726:
at a much higher rate than their counterparts in other developed nations, with penal confinement being, according to sociologist
1542:
1527:
1349:
1151:
698:
481:
469:
254:
200:
84:
7338:
6445:
6334:
Desmond, Matthew; Wilmers, Nathan (2019). "Do the Poor Pay More for Housing? Exploitation, Profit, and Risk in Rental Markets".
1839:
1482:
689:. Poverty guidelines are also referred to as the "federal poverty level" (FPL), but the HHS discourages that term as ambiguous.
14659:
13990:
13636:
12923:
12401:
12110:
11793:
11698:
11528:
11476:
11437:
11004:
10999:
10853:
10790:
10743:
10721:
10686:
10341:
10197:
8000:
7631:
7611:
7601:
7566:
7430:
6203:
3655:"Many Families Struggle to Make Ends Meet, But Those With a Financial Plan Feel and Do Better · Consumer Federation of America"
2000:
1985:
1900:
1668:
1635:
1389:
1376:
1318:
888:
124:
92:
6396:
5564:
4979:
4872:
14907:
14654:
12217:
12105:
11975:
11879:
11788:
11712:
11257:
11223:
10238:
10228:
10223:
10081:
10076:
9940:
9905:
8992:
7936:
7586:
7146:
6966:
6758:
5727:
3824:
3691:
3638:
3449:
3422:
2969:
2782:
2703:
2340:
1995:
1166:). 7 of the 11 poorest counties in per capita income (in the 50 states), including the 2 poorest in the 50 states, encompass
831:
788:
417:
386:
According to a 2020 assessment by the U.S. Census Bureau, the percentage of Americans living in poverty for 2019 (before the
17:
7483:
2569:
as well as the end of pandemic-era stimulus payments. This is the first increase in the overall SPM poverty rate since 2010.
1103:
Among single-parent (male or female) families: 26.6% lived in poverty. This number varied by race and ethnicity as follows:
420:
and other social benefits as done in peer countries, has resulted in the US having much higher poverty rates by comparison.
14664:
13375:
12413:
12310:
12247:
12237:
12120:
11911:
11874:
11803:
11635:
11600:
11151:
10881:
10614:
10385:
10336:
10309:
10233:
10192:
7907:
7706:
7636:
7621:
4729:"OECD (2008), Growing Unequal? : Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries : COUNTRY NOTE: UNITED STATES"
2190:
had a median household income of $ 19,958 in the 2010 U.S. Census, but the Northern Mariana Islands is not included in the
2040:
1661:
1512:
335:
7413:
7358:
6810:
A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty: a report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, edited by
2882:
1363:. Many of the neighborhoods these children live in lack basic produce and nutritious food. 47 million Americans depend on
14697:
12369:
12357:
12295:
12052:
11543:
11442:
11039:
10698:
10594:
10478:
8976:
8206:
8199:
8132:
7919:
7805:
7646:
6102:
person and $ 13,100 for a family of four. That year, almost 18 million people in America survived under these conditions.
1614:
1610:
1321:. The number of homeless children reached record highs in 2011, 2012, and 2013 at about three times their number in 1983.
6423:
1903:
130:
The 2020 assessment by the U.S. Census Bureau showed the percentage of Americans living in poverty for 2019 (before the
14845:
14825:
14804:
12342:
12283:
12168:
12163:
12100:
11862:
11823:
11783:
11630:
11583:
11563:
11176:
10803:
10798:
10703:
10651:
10180:
9935:
9794:
8027:
7924:
7902:
7721:
7581:
6942:
6904:
6714:
5927:
5005:
4485:
3727:"The Development of the Orshansky Poverty Thresholds and Their Subsequent History as the Official U.S. Poverty Measure"
3571:
3191:
2481:
2359:
1723:
1714:
1331:
1277:
The percentage of those living in poverty also increases for transgender people with HIV (51%) and disabilities (45%).
992:
934:
4166:
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_MPSF_PBG82&prodType=table
4147:
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_GUSF_PBG82&prodType=table
4092:
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DPAS_ASDP3&prodType=table
3084:
3032:
14809:
14692:
14535:
13441:
12779:
12493:
12384:
12364:
12315:
12305:
12173:
12095:
12072:
12032:
11896:
11886:
11763:
11738:
11645:
11625:
11103:
10893:
10619:
10001:
8905:
7758:
7701:
7653:
7576:
7536:
7403:
7275:
6927:
6863:
6805:
6158:
6094:
5961:
5294:
5138:
4922:
4637:
https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_17_5YR_S1901&prodType=table
4185:
http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_VISF_PBG76&prodType=table
3981:
2155:
2025:
1932:
827:
319:
5042:
4175:
Census.gov. American Factfinder. Northern Mariana Islands. Poverty Status in 2009 by Age. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
4071:
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-04/documents/american_samoa_visible_difference_final_report_2017.pdf
14557:
12389:
12335:
12320:
12222:
12057:
11533:
11486:
11481:
11383:
11310:
11010:
10775:
10304:
7837:
7795:
7780:
7596:
6728:
Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights on his mission to the United States of America
4940:
3522:
1653:
The logarithmic scale shows how wealth has increased for all percentile groups, though moreso for wealthier people.
1136:
956:
311:
5874:
No Matter How We Measure Poverty, the Poverty Rate Would Be Much Lower If Economic Growth Were More Broadly Shared
3146:
1360:
701:(NRC) to conduct a study on revising the poverty measure. The NRC convened a panel, which published a 1995 report
106:
For 2021, the percentage of Americans in poverty per the SPM was 7.8%, and per the OPM was 11.6%. By the OPM, the
13603:
12423:
12212:
12153:
12062:
11953:
11928:
11425:
11415:
10980:
10898:
10836:
10820:
10666:
10661:
10425:
10405:
10395:
10390:
7847:
7785:
4206:"American Samoa Governor Says Small Economies 'Cannot Afford Any Reduction In Medicaid' | Pacific Islands Report"
2648:
1956:
1558:
1470:
792:
441:
Supplemental Poverty Measure as an additional statistic to measure poverty and supplement the existing measures.
267:
195:
7371:
5535:
3916:
3299:"The Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) and Children: How and Why the SPM and Official Poverty Estimates Differ"
3119:"37.9 million Americans are living in poverty, according to the U.S. Census. But the problem could be far worse"
1959:
and the federal EITC, the poverty rate in the U.S. would be much higher. Nevertheless, the U.S. has the weakest
1879:
disparate set of methods, such as advocacy, education, social work, legislation, direct service or charity, and
14547:
13355:
12918:
12406:
12080:
12027:
11943:
11933:
11901:
11830:
11818:
11773:
11660:
11558:
11420:
11340:
11330:
11116:
10973:
10676:
10634:
10577:
10351:
10262:
7892:
7867:
7748:
7668:
7561:
7353:
7159:
7139:
7071:
7036:
7019:
6990:
6887:
6843:
6782:
6651:
4760:
4194:
Census.gov. American Factfinder. U.S. Virgin Islands. Poverty Status in 2009 by Age. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
2390:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1826:
1641:
The average personal wealth of people in the top 1% is more than a thousand times that of people in bottom 50%.
1499:
1293:
As of 2010, the US Census declared that 15.1% of the general population of the United States lived in poverty:
454:
300:
14840:
14612:
14607:
14091:
13198:
12867:
12158:
12022:
11938:
11869:
11840:
11778:
11668:
11640:
11284:
10656:
10549:
9787:
9428:
7728:
7696:
7683:
7131:
6336:
5061:
1990:
1875:
1807:
1680:
1599:
77,605, and families headed by individuals with professional degrees earned $ 100,000. Federal Reserve Chair
1520:
1191:
1175:
1117:
Among individuals living alone: 19.1% lived in poverty. This number varied by race and ethnicity as follows:
1086:
1003:
had the lowest median household income of any state/territory in the United States ($ 20,166). Also in 2018,
191:
6617:
5784:
776:
14835:
14634:
14585:
14309:
13434:
12883:
12486:
12453:
12446:
12379:
12242:
12047:
12037:
11891:
11852:
11768:
11725:
11673:
11605:
11578:
11538:
11516:
11325:
11139:
11086:
11019:
10876:
10832:
10760:
10681:
10599:
10410:
10274:
10103:
10011:
9819:
9498:
7800:
7733:
7407:
7325:
6820:
4296:
Persons in Families by Family Structure, Age, and Sex, Iterated by Income-to-Poverty Ratio and Race: 2007:
4134:
3494:
1081:
Among married couple families: 5.8% lived in poverty. This number varied by race and ethnicity as follows:
884:
88:
4799:
4322:
People in Families by Family Structure, Age, and Sex, Iterated by Income-to-Poverty Ratio and Race: 2007:
14789:
14779:
14646:
13854:
13513:
12857:
12374:
12325:
12140:
12042:
11965:
11847:
11743:
11568:
11553:
11491:
11126:
11081:
10888:
10770:
10624:
9764:
9739:
9535:
7872:
7028:
7026:
Inequality, Poverty, and Neoliberal Governance: Activist Ethnography in the Homeless Sheltering Industry.
4662:
3898:
3215:
2903:
2115:
2090:
2030:
1787:
1345:
983:
has the lowest per capita income in the United States â it has a per capita income comparable to that of
429:
363:
263:
259:
5873:
3726:
14769:
14108:
13629:
12898:
12827:
12278:
12148:
11980:
11960:
11948:
11758:
11748:
11430:
11335:
10948:
10938:
10465:
10460:
10450:
10445:
9967:
9520:
7743:
7384:
7313:
7210:
5676:
5597:
4678:
2214:
1393:
1187:
7245:
4573:
4518:
3529:
3219:
14794:
14734:
12847:
11857:
11163:
10968:
10963:
10525:
9979:
9744:
9711:
9355:
8835:
8433:
7397:
6621:
5877:
5647:
5645:
4847:
2445:
2191:
2065:
1843:
Washington DC Poor Peoples Campaign Rally at Union Station followed by a march and civil disobedience
1676:
1440:
1183:
1034:
had a poverty rate of 65% â the highest poverty rate of any state or territory in the United States.
358:
Many international bodies have emphasized the issues of poverty that the United States faces. A 2013
6446:"OCS Fact Sheet | Office of Community Services | Administration for Children and Families"
4042:
1285:
678:
calendar year; poverty guidelines, on the other hand, allow agencies to work with more timely data.
14739:
14729:
14086:
13898:
12903:
12888:
11970:
11350:
11320:
11315:
11305:
11071:
11027:
10868:
10629:
10415:
10279:
10093:
10033:
9759:
9734:
8518:
8365:
8087:
8037:
7983:
7775:
7257:
7253:
7237:
7063:
6643:
5232:
5156:"Child poverty in the US jumped and income declined in 2022 as coronavirus pandemic benefits ended"
3707:
2824:"::: Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Photographs of King County, 1933-1935 :::"
2248:
2187:
1927:
1579:
1019:
968:
241:, so people who lost jobs easily became impoverished. People who lost their jobs or homes lived in
213:
39:
5642:
3903:
Number and Percentage of People in Poverty by State Using 3-Year Average Over 2013, 2014, and 2015
14886:
14784:
14719:
13531:
12986:
11464:
11200:
10958:
9925:
9696:
9303:
8845:
8015:
7951:
7389:
7314:
The American Way of Poverty: As Inequality Hits Record High, Sasha Abramsky on the Forgotten Poor
7184:
7011:
6879:
6496:
6377:
5919:
5029:
Cronholm PF, Forke CM, Wade R, Bair-Merritt MH, Davis M, Harkins-Schwarz M, Pachter LM, Fein JA.
3894:
3183:
2473:
2122:
2080:
2045:
1968:
1242:
For comparison, 13.4% of cis-straight men and 17.8% of cis-straight women are living in poverty.
119:
7191:
6664:
6567:
5702:"Information on Poverty and Income Statistics: A summary of 2014 Current Population Survey Data"
4156:
Census.gov. American Factfinder. Guam. Poverty Status in 2009 by Age. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
2695:
Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-Century U.S. History
2667:
1801:
extract higher profits from tenants than from their counterparts in affluent communities, which
1004:
14744:
14373:
14115:
13551:
13386:
13219:
13183:
13102:
13082:
13077:
13017:
12852:
12817:
12462:
11916:
11266:
11076:
11056:
10858:
10713:
10508:
10455:
10440:
10284:
9972:
9483:
8042:
7897:
7768:
7441:
7009:
The Undeserving Poor: America's Enduring Confrontation with Poverty: Fully Updated and Revised.
6835:
6037:
5414:
5388:
5362:
5336:
5310:
5184:
238:
110:
for 2021 for a single person was $ 13,800, and for a family of four was $ 27,700. In 2020, the
76:
5268:
powerfully in the Department of Justice's report on Ferguson, is pervasive around the country.
3273:
3177:
2961:
2798:
1923:
14799:
14774:
14764:
14754:
14749:
14602:
13670:
13622:
13421:
13380:
13047:
13027:
12772:
12546:
12115:
11798:
10913:
10470:
10435:
10430:
10373:
10356:
10086:
9663:
9580:
9545:
9540:
9441:
8900:
8870:
8600:
8563:
8485:
8333:
8328:
7941:
7842:
7616:
7151:
6597:
4458:
4432:
4406:
4377:
4351:
4323:
4297:
4073:
EPA. Making a Visible Difference In American Samoa (Final Report). Retrieved August 30, 2019.
4029:
2467:
2085:
1948:
6637:
5913:
3996:
3764:(3). U.S. Social Security Administration Office of Retirement and Disability Policy: 79â83.
2957:
1486:
Access to selected courses in US public schools by poverty level in the 2015â16 school year.
14860:
14855:
14759:
14629:
14580:
13974:
13940:
13925:
13761:
13708:
13360:
13310:
13265:
13235:
13214:
13112:
13107:
13057:
12807:
12601:
12576:
12467:
11595:
11469:
11360:
10738:
10170:
10150:
10098:
10048:
9989:
9920:
9653:
9643:
9633:
9623:
9575:
9466:
9461:
9456:
9446:
8885:
8850:
8840:
8677:
8495:
8465:
8419:
8285:
8260:
8082:
8020:
7912:
5652:
5227:
4963:
2719:
2585:
2277:
2168:
2127:
1880:
1457:
748:
The budget assumes that a family will buy a two-year-old car and keep it for four years...
503:
499:
172:
4498:
3843:
3353:
3147:"5 alarming stats on U.S. economic inequality in Pulitzer Prize-winning author's new book"
2996:
1443:, jails in the U.S. have become "massive warehouses" of the impoverished since the 1980s.
464:
8:
14244:
14049:
14024:
14004:
13908:
13465:
13457:
13365:
13330:
13290:
13275:
13255:
13097:
13087:
13032:
13001:
12991:
12961:
12913:
12822:
12586:
12007:
11923:
11733:
11449:
11134:
10765:
9962:
9648:
9618:
9608:
9598:
9478:
9372:
8971:
8964:
8942:
8920:
8915:
8803:
8724:
8543:
8480:
8450:
8402:
8392:
8345:
8321:
8275:
8270:
8118:
7988:
7946:
7877:
7862:
7857:
7753:
7423:
7376:
6854:
6476:
6085:
5952:
5285:
4082:
American FactFinder - American Samoa. Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics: 2010.
3972:
3753:
2990:
2109:
2075:
2060:
1163:
1023:
976:
896:
823:
819:
400:
7463:"7 Facts About the Economic Crisis Facing People with Disabilities in the United States"
6977:
6204:"Why The U.S., One Of The World's Richest Countries, Struggles With Diseases Of Poverty"
6144:
5511:
5484:
4137:
U.S. Census Bureau. QuickFacts - Comerio municipio, Puerto Rico. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
3327:
2823:
2333:
What's Class Got to do With It? : Society in the U.S.A. in the Twenty-first Century
2308:
2281:
2265:
1545:
are intertwined in the United States. As of 2019, 10.5% of Americans were considered in
1392:
is also visible when it comes to discerning poverty among children in America. In 2021,
347:
postulate that new and extreme forms of poverty have emerged in the U.S. as a result of
14401:
14383:
14378:
14366:
14200:
14019:
13999:
13969:
13751:
13723:
13411:
13305:
13280:
13240:
13193:
13178:
13163:
13148:
13117:
13072:
13022:
12981:
12971:
12946:
12591:
11247:
11235:
10953:
10943:
10920:
10903:
10299:
10043:
10038:
9910:
9671:
9638:
9628:
9603:
9512:
9451:
9436:
9421:
8890:
8860:
8788:
8766:
8734:
8712:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8644:
8605:
8595:
8590:
8553:
8528:
8455:
8397:
8360:
8309:
8304:
8176:
8169:
8154:
8137:
8113:
8092:
8077:
8067:
8052:
8032:
8010:
7956:
7887:
7852:
7098:
7053:
6952:
6919:
6909:
6778:
6772:
6585:
6472:
Study: U.S. poverty rate decreased over past half-century thanks to safety-net programs
6311:
6286:
6261:
6229:
6062:
6054:
5859:
5819:
5457:
5209:
5201:
4010:
2653:
2385:
2145:
1914:
programs, which are an asset-based development initiative. Every dollar accumulated in
1756:
1386:
found that the U.S. has the highest levels of child mortality among 20 OECD countries.
1144:
The US Census declared that in 2014, 14.8% of the general population lived in poverty:
948:
428:
There are several measures used by the U.S. federal government to measure poverty. The
289:
7106:
6449:
6302:
6035:
Bruce Western (May 2011). "Poverty Politics and Crime Control in Europe and America".
5182:
Bruce Western (May 2011). "Poverty Politics and Crime Control in Europe and America".
14406:
14324:
14061:
14014:
13952:
13781:
13416:
13285:
13250:
13245:
13188:
13173:
13168:
13153:
13143:
13138:
13062:
13042:
12996:
12908:
12862:
12802:
12606:
12596:
12541:
11990:
11146:
10498:
9996:
9915:
9900:
9729:
9613:
9555:
9488:
8947:
8932:
8925:
8895:
8855:
8830:
8813:
8771:
8739:
8729:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8632:
8627:
8620:
8610:
8548:
8533:
8475:
8470:
8438:
8407:
8370:
8355:
8338:
8297:
8265:
8243:
8216:
8164:
8062:
8057:
8047:
8005:
7993:
7882:
7832:
7155:
7135:
7102:
7067:
7032:
7015:
6986:
6962:
6956:
6938:
6923:
6900:
6883:
6859:
6839:
6801:
6754:
6748:
6710:
6684:
6647:
6392:
6316:
6266:
6248:
6154:
6090:
6010:
5957:
5923:
5753:
5612:
5560:
5516:
5465:
5290:
5134:
5111:
5066:
4592:
4014:
3977:
3820:
3765:
3687:
3634:
3545:
3445:
3418:
3187:
2965:
2778:
2699:
2477:
2336:
2313:
2295:
2096:
1960:
1407:
1093:
843:
488:
477:
387:
294:
131:
107:
9345:
9159:
7505:
6114:
6066:
5502:
5213:
3997:
Richard V. Burkhauser; Kevin Corinth; James Elwell; Jeff Larrimore (December 2019).
3942:"News Tip: Census Bureau's New Measure of Poverty Misses the Mark, Say Duke Experts"
211:, documented the living conditions of New York tenements and slums in his 1890 work
14850:
14724:
14624:
14454:
14262:
14152:
14103:
14076:
13829:
13824:
13677:
13503:
13401:
13270:
13158:
13122:
13092:
13067:
13052:
13037:
12976:
12966:
12956:
12893:
12842:
12765:
12581:
11906:
11753:
11459:
11279:
10289:
10130:
10113:
10108:
9947:
9565:
9560:
9550:
9530:
9209:
9087:
9007:
8937:
8910:
8880:
8793:
8776:
8754:
8672:
8583:
8578:
8568:
8504:
8412:
8385:
8375:
8350:
8316:
8248:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8211:
8159:
8149:
8142:
8123:
8099:
8072:
7978:
7711:
7090:
6744:
6676:
6577:
6550:
6353:
6345:
6306:
6298:
6256:
6240:
6046:
5970:
5909:
5734:
5584:
5553:
5506:
5498:
5449:
5193:
5160:
5101:
4113:
4002:
3792:"Despite Higher Food Prices, Percent of U.S. Income Spent on Food Remains Constant"
3173:
2463:
2303:
2285:
1691:
866:
450:
412:
231:
64:
7124:
6535:
3385:
1314:
14595:
14287:
14098:
13844:
13834:
13577:
13536:
13406:
13370:
13345:
13295:
13260:
12837:
12812:
12551:
11615:
11391:
11289:
11061:
10361:
10294:
10063:
9984:
9930:
9525:
9473:
9114:
9077:
9032:
8959:
8808:
8798:
8761:
8744:
8717:
8652:
8573:
8558:
8538:
8460:
8443:
8424:
8380:
8290:
8280:
8253:
8238:
8194:
7763:
7306:
6849:
6080:
5947:
5677:"Perspectives on Inequality and Opportunity from the Survey of Consumer Finances"
5280:
4821:
4769:
4728:
4519:
Characteristics and Financial Circumstances of TANF Recipients â Fiscal Year 2009
4505:
4330:
4304:
3967:
3814:
3681:
3439:
3412:
2772:
2693:
2524:
1867:
1854:
1802:
1741:
1733:
1700:
1672:
1453:
1400:
1375:
A 2014 report by the National Center on Family Homelessness states the number of
1341:
849:
405:
368:
183:
115:
83:
has been reporting the Official Poverty Measure (OPM) since the 1960s, while the
72:
1617:
have a poverty rate over four times that of children in married-couple families.
1179:
in the Western Hemisphere outside Haiti, according to The Wall Street Journal."
1154:
families, non-Hispanic white families comprised 31.2%, and 28.8% were Hispanic.
29:
14552:
14496:
14335:
14292:
14220:
13964:
13935:
13860:
13814:
13756:
13713:
13546:
13541:
13526:
12085:
11985:
11368:
10503:
10493:
10488:
10483:
10155:
10018:
9952:
9706:
9367:
9320:
9184:
9179:
9144:
9129:
8707:
8523:
8490:
7968:
7963:
6531:
5106:
5089:
4894:
3241:
2005:
1939:
1822:
1744:
found that 75% of adults in "deep poverty" had not worked in the previous year.
1503:
education that high-income communities do which results in a cycle of poverty.
1382:
1031:
996:
980:
960:
938:
818:
The issue of understating poverty is especially pressing in states with both a
779:
681:
Poverty guidelines were issued by the OEO starting in December 1965. After the
285:
279:
75:. The federal government has two departments which measure poverty. Under the
68:
7204:
7174:
7043:
Poverty in the United States: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, and Policy
6050:
5805:
Center for the Future of Children, The Future of Children. Vol. 7, No 2, 1997.
5197:
5090:"Child Poverty in the United States Today: Introduction and Executive Summary"
3104:"The Poverty Paradox: why is there still so much economic hardship in the US?"
1679:
suggest that poverty could have decreased significantly if inequality had not
798:
According to John Schwarz, a political scientist at the University of Arizona:
14901:
14393:
14190:
13979:
13849:
13839:
13797:
13771:
13766:
13703:
13663:
13391:
12832:
11066:
10366:
10175:
9810:
9412:
9283:
9231:
9219:
9214:
9204:
9194:
9189:
9109:
9082:
9072:
9067:
9062:
8615:
7738:
7318:
7196:
7179:
6738:
Creating the Welfare State: The Political Economy of Twentieth-Century Reform
6723:
6688:
6431:
6252:
5915:
The Poverty Paradox: Understanding Economic Hardship Amid American Prosperity
5247:
4643:
4191:
4172:
4153:
4098:
3998:
3179:
The Poverty Paradox: Understanding Economic Hardship Amid American Prosperity
3028:
3015:
2469:
The Poverty Paradox: Understanding Economic Hardship Amid American Prosperity
2299:
1964:
1944:
1727:
1684:
1554:
1447:
1368:
1356:
1167:
1049:
904:
879:
372:
352:
226:
114:
reported that 0.25% of Americans lived below the international definition of
80:
48:
7372:
Here's The Painful Truth About What It Means To Be 'Working Poor' In America
6935:
The Poverty Industry: The Exploitation of America's Most Vulnerable Citizens
6680:
5433:
3500:
Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation
2586:"America's poverty rate soared last year. Children were among the worst hit"
1709:
1415:
malnutrition, and they are more likely to have chronic disease like asthma.
14426:
14353:
14132:
14122:
14041:
13791:
13698:
13648:
13572:
13483:
13350:
12478:
11373:
11345:
10400:
9392:
9268:
9052:
7461:
Vallas, Rebecca; Knackstedt, Kimberly; Thompson, Vilissa (April 21, 2022).
7414:
Measuring the impact of poverty in education, EducationDive, August 8, 2016
7363:
7350:
6892:
6872:
6818:, National Academies Press, 596 pp., free PDF available at nap.edu/25246),
6793:
6554:
6516:
6401:
6358:
6320:
6270:
6180:
6176:"Hookworm, a disease of extreme poverty, is thriving in the US south. Why?"
5569:
5520:
5115:
5047:
4055:
3941:
3769:
3608:
2928:
2861:
2649:"8 Million Have Slipped Into Poverty Since May as Federal Aid Has Dried Up"
2386:"The Supplemental Poverty Measure: Its Core Concepts, Development, and Use"
2317:
2290:
2103:
2070:
1600:
1534:
1495:
167:
7094:
6769:
Paupers and Poor Relief in New York City and Its Rural Environs, 1700â1830
5469:
5131:
Malnourished Children in the United States: Caught in the Cycle of Poverty
3287:(2). University of WisconsinâMadison Institute for Research on Poverty: 6.
2552:"Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2022"
14590:
14421:
14411:
14361:
14343:
14254:
14215:
14009:
13920:
13903:
11650:
11181:
10518:
10420:
10160:
10023:
9779:
9387:
9308:
9288:
9174:
9047:
8952:
6811:
6140:
3917:"New poverty measure highlights positive effect of government assistance"
2946:
Haymes, Stephen N.; de Haymes, MarĂa V.; Miller, Reuben J., eds. (2015).
2035:
1752:
1065:
1052:(7.6% poverty rate). Other states with low poverty rates in 2018 include
1027:
1000:
972:
930:
807:
380:
340:
246:
242:
6536:"Do Social-Welfare Policies Reduce Poverty? A Cross-National Assessment"
6058:
5205:
4703:
4135:
https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/comeriomunicipiopuertorico/
3754:"Remembering Mollie Orshansky â The Developer of the Poverty Thresholds"
3358:
Social Security Administration Research, Statistics, and Policy Analysis
3303:
Social Security Administration Research, Statistics, and Policy Analysis
2986:
Map: How 35 countries compare on child poverty (the U.S. is ranked 34th)
1396:
estimated that 71% of children living in poverty are children of color.
14436:
13776:
13335:
10513:
10319:
10145:
10140:
10058:
9350:
9293:
9124:
7330:
6877:
Making Ends Meet: How Single Mothers Survive Welfare and Low-Wage Work.
6589:
5461:
4980:"Among 20 wealthy nations, US child mortality ranks worst, study finds"
4277:
4265:
4253:
4241:
4229:
2529:
2502:
1770:
1695:
1337:
1274:
For comparison, 24% of White transgender people are living in poverty.
1026:
had a poverty rate of 22.4% (all higher than any U.S. state). In 2018,
764:
348:
208:
187:
111:
13426:
9397:
9149:
6727:
6618:"U.S. poverty rates higher, safety net weaker than in peer countries."
6244:
4658:"Poverty Rates for Blacks and Hispanics Reached Historic Lows in 2019"
3796:
Amber Waves (U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service)
3683:
America in Our Time: From World War II to Nixon--what Happened and why
3354:"Remembering Mollie OrshanskyâThe Developer of the Poverty Thresholds"
1162:
Poverty is also notoriously high on Native American reservations (see
718:
two children spends on food, clothing, shelter, and utilities (FCSU).
253:
programs were designed to increase employment and reduce poverty. The
14482:
14477:
14444:
14416:
14304:
14299:
14235:
14210:
14157:
14071:
13786:
13718:
13493:
12002:
11995:
9724:
9701:
9676:
9402:
9298:
9154:
9104:
9022:
6982:
6150:
6000:
The Swiss education system swissworld.org, Retrieved on June 23, 2009
5088:
Dreyer, Benard; Chung, Paul J.; Szilagyi, Peter; Wong, Shale (2016).
4840:
Study: 11 Percent Of U.S. Households Lack Food For Healthy Lifestyle"
4116:
U.S. Census Bureau. QuickFacts - Puerto Rico. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
3058:""Contempt for the poor in US drives cruel policies," says UN expert"
2953:
1583:
1364:
1061:
395:
315:
139:
9134:
7061:
The Land of Too Much: American Abundance and the Paradox of Poverty.
6581:
5453:
4782:"Homeless children at record high in US. Can the trend be reversed?"
1769:, a parasite that thrives on extreme poverty, is flourishing in the
1594:
There are numerous factors related to poverty in the United States.
944:
14491:
14463:
14449:
14316:
14282:
14240:
14225:
14185:
13930:
13556:
13498:
13473:
10185:
10135:
9681:
9335:
9325:
9253:
9226:
9139:
9119:
9057:
9037:
9017:
9012:
7342:
7256:
external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
6638:
The Land of Too Much: American Abundance and the Paradox of Poverty
6349:
4006:
3857:
2908:
1798:
1766:
1140:
Poverty rates by sex and work status for Americans aged 65 and over
1057:
984:
900:
706:
one) would produce higher thresholds today than the current ones."
685:, responsibility for issuing the guidelines was transferred to the
250:
100:
60:
7147:
Punishing the Poor: The Neoliberal Government of Social Insecurity
5708:. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. September 16, 2014
5621:"Poverty is a major public health crisis. Let's treat it like one"
4001:. Working Paper Series. The National Bureau of Economic Research.
987:. In 2010, American Samoa had a per capita income of $ 6,311. The
925:
14487:
14472:
14468:
14230:
14180:
14172:
14162:
14066:
14054:
13913:
13809:
13803:
13521:
13488:
13478:
13340:
12788:
9760:
Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
9493:
9407:
9382:
9330:
9315:
9199:
9027:
8997:
7716:
7434:
7302:
80 Percent Of U.S. Adults Face Near-Poverty, Unemployment: Survey
6397:"The fourth leading cause of death in the US? Cumulative poverty"
6146:
The Vanishing Middle Class: Prejudice and Power in a Dual Economy
5776:
5593:"Poverty is fourth-largest cause of U.S. deaths, researchers say"
5565:"The fourth leading cause of death in the US? Cumulative poverty"
5228:
Study says US jails have become "massive warehouses" for the poor
5031:
Adverse Childhood Experiences: Expanding the concept of adversity
4772:(Needham, MA: The National Center on Family Homelessness) page 20
4612:
3531:
Measuring Poverty: A New Approach C. Citro and R. Michaels (Eds.)
1587:
1546:
1009:
lowest median household income of any county or county-equivalent
768:
376:
52:
6975:
Haymes, Stephen, Maria Vidal de Haymes and Reuben Miller (eds).
5485:"Novel Estimates of Mortality Associated With Poverty in the US"
5033:. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2015 Sep;49(3):354-61
4508:", William O'Hare (September 2009), Population Reference Bureau.
14459:
14272:
14205:
14145:
14140:
13947:
13614:
13600:
List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty
9686:
9278:
9263:
9258:
9246:
9241:
9169:
9099:
9002:
8781:
4499:
Poverty Is a Persistent Reality for Many Rural Children in U.S.
4232:
Census.gov. Quick Facts. New Hampshire. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
3838:
3836:
3001:
1805:
and Nathan Wilmers describe in a 2019 article published in the
1755:, Americans trapped in poverty live in conditions rivaling the
1550:
1053:
812:
359:
6665:"Congressional Campaign Spending and the Quality of Democracy"
2418:"Why even brilliant scholars misunderstand poverty in America"
1113:
33.4% of all Hispanic persons (of any race) living in poverty.
1099:
14.9% of all Hispanic persons (of any race) living in poverty.
270:
was one of the largest factors that helped to reduce poverty.
14267:
14195:
13746:
9377:
9360:
9340:
9273:
9236:
9164:
9094:
7004:
New York: New York: Random House. xii, 303 p. SBN 394-71666-3
6374:
We Can Reduce Poverty If We Want To. We Just Have To Want To.
5043:
US teens often forced to trade sex work for food, study finds
4280:
Census.gov. Quick Facts. Mississippi. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
989:
county or county-equivalent with the lowest per capita income
476:
Orshansky based her thresholds on work she had done with the
159:
Neighborhoods in Chicago color-coded by income, published in
71:
in the 1960s and poverty alleviation efforts during the 2008
3833:
3467:"Why the United States Needs an Improved Measure of Poverty"
1127:
27% of Hispanic persons (of any race) are living in poverty.
1110:
44.0% of all black persons (which includes black Hispanics),
1107:
22.5% of all white persons (which includes white Hispanics),
14277:
13819:
9691:
9042:
7050:
America's Struggle against Poverty in the Twentieth Century
6707:
The American Way of Poverty: How the Other Half Still Lives
4268:
Census.gov. Quick Facts. Minnesota. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
3628:
3151:
3123:
2774:
America's Struggle against Poverty in the Twentieth Century
2215:"National Poverty in America Awareness Month: January 2022"
1015:
964:
225:
A group especially vulnerable to poverty consisted of poor
155:
12757:
7484:"Advancing Economic Security for People With Disabilities"
4256:
Census.gov. Quick Facts. Maryland. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
2997:
Child well-being in rich countries: A comparative overview
1899:(SNAP, formerly the Food Stamp Program). According to the
1359:
reached record high levels in the U.S., with 16.7 million
955:
The highest poverty rates in the United States are in the
449:
The poverty income thresholds originate from work done by
237:
During the Depression, the government did not provide any
182:
in 1895. This study included essays and maps collected by
6283:
4815:"600 homeless children in D.C., and no one seems to care"
4521:". United States Department of Health and Human Services.
3546:"Poverty definition flawed, more accurate measure needed"
2619:
1748:
1150:
In FY 2009, African American families comprised 33.3% of
43:
Number in Poverty and Poverty Rate: 1959 to 2017. The US.
7460:
7419:
Americans Haven't Been This Poor and Indebted in Decades
5653:"U. S. Census: Income, Expenditures, Poverty and Wealth"
4541:
4244:
Census.gov. Quick Facts. Hawaii. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
3892:
1367:, more than 30% above 2007 levels. Households headed by
751:
Finally, the budget allows nothing whatever for savings.
457:. Orshansky introduced the poverty thresholds in a 1963
9756:
Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity
5439:
5087:
1124:
28.9% of black persons (which includes black Hispanics)
1048:
As of 2018, the state with the lowest poverty rate was
6978:
The Routledge Handbook of Poverty in the United States
6492:
New Study Says Poverty Rate Hasn't Budged For 40 Years
5006:"The State of America's Children 2021 - Child Poverty"
4795:
4793:
3622:
2949:
The Routledge Handbook of Poverty in the United States
2924:
One in five millennials lives in poverty, report finds
2615:"American Incomes Were Rising, Until The Pandemic Hit"
1938:
Government safety-net programs put in place since the
1762:
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
1496:
Poverty affects individual access to quality education
1433:
Incarceration in the United States § Class and poverty
1309:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
1121:
18% of white persons (which includes white Hispanics),
345:
The Routledge Handbook of Poverty in the United States
118:, which is living on less than $ 2.15 per day in 2017
7535:
7400:, A mobile app for calculating federal poverty level.
6798:
Invisible Americans: The Tragic Cost of Child Poverty
3250:
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2945:
1198:
out of all places in the 50 states/D.C./Puerto Rico.
822:
and a high poverty rate such as California where the
523:
United States Department of Health and Human Services
5978:"The Social Benefits and Economic Costs of Taxation"
5771:
5769:
4457:. Pubdb3.census.gov. August 26, 2008. Archived from
4431:. Pubdb3.census.gov. August 26, 2008. Archived from
4405:. Pubdb3.census.gov. August 26, 2008. Archived from
4376:. Pubdb3.census.gov. August 26, 2008. Archived from
4350:. Pubdb3.census.gov. August 26, 2008. Archived from
4342:
4340:
3816:
Freedom Reclaimed: Rediscovering the American Vision
2440:
2438:
394:, and the exhaustion of the funding provided by the
6698:
6512:
Welfare programs shown to reduce poverty in America
5844:, December 9, 2005, p. D01 citing Gallop Poll data.
4790:
4049:
2498:"Fact Sheet: An Adjustment to Global Poverty Lines"
2011:
List of U.S. states and territories by poverty rate
1044:
List of U.S. states and territories by poverty rate
739:It assumes, for example, that the family will own:
6897:$ 2.00 a Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America.
6616:Gould, Elise and Wething, Hilary (July 24, 2012).
6287:"Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Outcomes"
5536:"Poverty is the 4th greatest cause of U.S. deaths"
1344:released a study based on 2005â2007 data from the
1201:
951:is one of the poorest cities in the United States.
7240:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
7206:How poor people survive in the USA DW Documentary
6998:The White Majority: between Poverty and Affluence
5766:
5483:Brady, David; Kohler, Ulrich; Zheng, Hui (2023).
4923:"Poverty in 2013: When Even Diapers Are a Luxury"
4917:
4915:
4337:
3915:Cooper, David; Elise, Gould (November 17, 2011).
3893:Renwick, Trudi; Fox, Liana (September 13, 2016).
2883:"US poverty on track to post record gain in 2009"
2608:
2606:
2435:
2016:List of lowest-income places in the United States
1289:Poverty Rates by Age 1959 to 2015. United States.
1157:
697:In 1990, a Congressional committee requested the
14899:
11214:Native American recognition in the United States
6915:Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America
6831:Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City
6663:Coleman, John J.; Manna, Paul F. (August 2000).
5777:"Evolution of wealth indicators, USA, 1913-2019"
5482:
4959:New Report: Child Homelessness on the Rise in US
4397:
4395:
4114:https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/PR/
3633:. Chicago, IL: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
1085:5.4% of all white persons (which includes white
1007:had a median household income of $ 12,812 â the
468:The "Basic Seven", a food plan developed by the
6824:, vol. LXVII, no. 12 (23 July 2020), pp. 33â35.
6391:
5706:Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
5559:
5490:The Journal of the American Medical Association
4957:David Crary and Lisa Leff (November 17, 2014).
4421:
4320:U.S. Census Bureau. Current Population Survey.
4294:U.S. Census Bureau. Current Population Survey.
4197:
4109:
4107:
2913:December 15, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
2841:
2241:
1566:The Journal of the American Medical Association
692:
7079:"Central Appalachia â Still the Other America"
6333:
5669:
4912:
2603:
920:
745:... A vacuum cleaner that will last 14 years.
284:A number of factors helped start the national
150:
13630:
13442:
12773:
12494:
11611:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States
9795:
7521:
6034:
5181:
4888:
4886:
4486:Income and Poverty in the United States: 2014
4392:
3520:
2848:Poverty in 13 states is worse than we thought
2646:
2579:
2577:
1615:female-headed families with no spouse present
1131:
903:(health care for the poor). Since 2011, the
487:Her work appeared at an opportune moment, as
14534:
14314:
12508:
6662:
6602:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5681:Board of Governors of Federal Reserve System
4838:"3.5M Kids Under 5 On Verge Of Going Hungry
4316:
4314:
4203:
4104:
4059:Poverty Determination In U.S. Insular Areas.
3629:Adams, J.Q.; Pearlie Strother-Adams (2001).
3437:
2941:
2939:
2904:Census data: Half of U.S. poor or low income
2691:
2354:
2352:
1662:Income levels vary along racial/ethnic lines
1425:
1210:
1076:
515:
444:
343:living in poverty. Academic contributors to
7076:
6736:Berkowitz, Edward, and Kim McQuaid. (1992)
6385:
6366:
4676:
4630:
3914:
3686:. Princeton University Press. p. 482.
3521:Citro, Constance; Michaels, Robert (1995).
3438:Schwarz, John E.; Volgy, Thomas J. (1993).
3274:"Poverty thresholds and poverty guidelines"
2021:Lowest-income counties in the United States
1361:children living in food insecure households
1071:
742:... A toaster that will last for 33 years.
521:2023 poverty income guidelines provided by
13637:
13623:
13449:
13435:
12780:
12766:
12501:
12487:
9809:
9802:
9788:
7528:
7514:
7431:Economic policies sacrifice poor Americans
7041:Mink, Gwendolyn, and Alice O'Connor, eds.
6951:
6173:
5289:. Crown Publishing Group. pp. 22â23.
4883:
3976:. Crown Publishing Group. pp. 22â23.
3888:
3886:
2746:"Great Depression: American Social Policy"
2574:
1628:Net personal wealth in the U.S. since 1962
11224:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes
7339:How Much Money to End Poverty in America?
7276:Learn how and when to remove this message
7089:(1 & 2). The Haworth Press: 123â139.
6530:
6357:
6310:
6260:
5510:
5153:
5105:
4873:"Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics"
4311:
3745:
3534:. United States Census Bureau. p. 3.
2936:
2770:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2349:
2307:
2289:
2151:International Ranking of Household Income
1897:Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
1835:Rally Poor Peoples Campaign Washington DC
1797:In poor and disadvantaged neighborhoods,
1465:
1096:persons (which includes black Hispanics),
1037:
999:(per capita income of $ 5,441). In 2018,
683:Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981
392:economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
330:Rally Poor Peoples Campaign Washington DC
136:economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
97:Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
14522:
13397:Providing Urban Amenities to Rural Areas
7175:"Why is there still poverty in America?"
7119:The Working Poor: Invisible in America,
6792:, "How to Fix Child Poverty" (review of
6704:
6470:Zachary A. Goldfarb (December 9, 2013).
5533:
4480:
4478:
4476:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4056:http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d10240r.pdf
3895:"The Supplemental Poverty Measure: 2015"
3572:"The Supplemental Poverty Measure: 2013"
3208:"How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty"
2415:
2360:"About the Supplemental Poverty Measure"
2133:Social determinants of health in poverty
1951:shows that without social programs like
1838:
1830:
1788:diseases associated with extreme poverty
1708:
1578:
1533:
1517:Social determinants of health in poverty
1481:
1313:
1300:13.7% of those between the ages of 19-21
1284:
1135:
1064:(9.6% poverty rate). Among U.S. states,
943:
924:
860:
806:
758:
463:
453:, an American economist working for the
325:
310:
154:
38:
28:
13456:
11275:List of counties and county equivalents
9725:People of the United States / Americans
7974:Southeast Africans in the United States
7932:African immigrants to the United States
7077:Sarnoff, Susan; Yoon, Hong-Sik (2003).
6932:
6848:
6743:
6428:CFED Assets & Opportunity Scorecard
6079:
5946:
5889:
5279:
4846:. CBS NEWS. May 7, 2009. Archived from
4655:
3966:
3883:
3812:
3789:
3718:
3679:
3414:Keeping Women and Children Last Revised
3082:
2995:Retrieved February 16, 2014. See also:
2612:
2259:
2257:
1904:2012 Assets & Opportunity Scorecard
1893:Aid to Families with Dependent Children
1889:Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
1528:Poverty and health in the United States
891:but does not include non-cash aid like
726:
687:Department of Health and Human Services
470:United States Department of Agriculture
438:Department of Health and Human Services
255:Federal Emergency Relief Administration
201:Life and Labour of the People in London
85:Department of Health and Human Services
14:
14900:
12924:Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation
8001:Southern Africans in the United States
7843:Afro-Caribbean / West Indian Americans
7187:from the original on November 7, 2021.
6510:Jana Kasperkevic (November 12, 2014).
6227:
6089:. Crown Publishing Group. p. 21.
5956:. Crown Publishing Group. p. 62.
5892:"Focus on growth for the middle class"
5890:Summers, Lawrence (January 18, 2015).
5758:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
5590:
5246:
5154:Schneider, Mike (September 12, 2023).
4978:Howard, Jacqueline (January 8, 2018).
4977:
4895:"The children going hungry in America"
4892:
4597:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3751:
3027:
3021:
2922:Jana Kasperkevic (December 26, 2014).
2583:
2373:
2247:Western, B. & Pettit, B., (2010).
2001:Income inequality in the United States
1986:Causes of poverty in the United States
1963:of all developed nations. Sociologist
1747:According to a 2017 academic study by
1319:Homeless children in the United States
1255:41% Native American or American Indian
1245:
1030:had a poverty rate of 43.1%. In 2017,
856:
322:in San Francisco, California, May 2020
125:Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
93:Temporary Assistance to Needy Families
14521:
13878:
13618:
13430:
12761:
12482:
9783:
7937:Central Africans in the United States
7509:
7481:
7442:"Disability and Socioeconomic Status"
6202:Smith, Catharine (January 30, 2018).
6201:
6139:
6107:
5618:
5415:"Disability and Socioeconomic Status"
5389:"Disability and Socioeconomic Status"
5363:"Disability and Socioeconomic Status"
5337:"Disability and Socioeconomic Status"
5311:"Disability and Socioeconomic Status"
4704:"2015 U.S. Transgender Survey Report"
4473:
4283:
3865:"Monterey County income distribution"
3569:
3489:
3487:
3464:
3410:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3325:
3321:
3319:
3268:
3266:
3101:
2771:PATTERSON, James T. (June 30, 2009).
2642:
2640:
2613:Horsley, Scott (September 16, 2020).
2330:
2263:
1574:
1506:
1477:
1297:22% of all people under the age of 18
1238:23.8% of gender nonconforming people.
1022:had a poverty rate of 52.3%, and the
59:Efforts to alleviate poverty include
13376:Self-perceived quality-of-life scale
7908:Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans
7448:. American Psychological Association
7220:
6779:Poverty in the United States in 2021
6395:; Gonsalves, Gregg (June 22, 2023).
6174:Pilkington, Ed (September 5, 2017).
5908:
5853:Jared Bernstein (January 13, 2014).
5563:; Gonsalves, Gregg (June 22, 2023).
5421:. American Psychological Association
5395:. American Psychological Association
5369:. American Psychological Association
5343:. American Psychological Association
5317:. American Psychological Association
5128:
4656:Creamer, John (September 15, 2020).
4278:https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/MS
4266:https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/MN
4254:https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/MD
4242:https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/HI
4230:https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/NH
4204:Sagapolutele, Fili (March 2, 2017).
3813:Schwarz, John E. (January 2, 2005).
3609:"Poverty in the United States: 2013"
3606:
3172:
3144:
2862:"Poverty in the United States: 2013"
2859:
2584:Picchi, Aimee (September 12, 2023).
2462:
2446:"Poverty in the United States: 2021"
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2254:
2249:Incarceration and social inequality.
2041:Social programs in the United States
1786:Some 12 million Americans live with
1513:Social determinants of mental health
1471:Disabled people in the United States
423:
8977:White Hispanic and Latino Americans
8200:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans
8133:North Africans in the United States
7920:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans
5783:. World Inequality Database. 2022.
4679:"LGBT Poverty in the United States"
4324:Below 100% of Poverty â White Alone
3790:Clauson, Annette (September 2000).
3588:from the original on March 10, 2015
3465:Blank, Rebecca M. (July 17, 2008).
3116:
1816:
1681:increased over the last few decades
1303:9% of all people either 65 or older
351:structural adjustment policies and
266:. Additionally, the institution of
220:
24:
13880:
13879:
13604:Deprivation and poverty indicators
8028:West Africans in the United States
7903:Stateside Virgin Islands Americans
7351:Poverty in the United States: 2012
6228:Levine, James A. (November 2011).
5534:Danelski, David (April 17, 2023).
5003:
3724:
3570:Short, Kathleen (March 10, 2015).
3484:
3458:
3371:
3341:
3316:
3263:
3016:IMF warns the US over high poverty
2885:. Associated Press. April 13, 2009
2647:Jason DeParle (October 15, 2020),
2637:
2416:Matthews, Dylan (March 10, 2023).
1722:The poor in the United States are
1332:Child poverty in the United States
1280:
1196:7th-lowest median household income
869:high-rise housing project in 1973.
25:
14919:
10620:Director of National Intelligence
9572:Americans of Euro Oceanic origin
8906:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans
7537:Demographics of the United States
7216:
6303:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029652
6230:"Poverty and Obesity in the U.S."
5855:Poverty and Inequality, in Charts
5840:Amy Joyce, "The Bias Breakdown,"
5787:from the original on July 5, 2023
4762:America's Youngest Outcasts: 2010
4298:Below 100% of Poverty â All Races
3607:Gabe, Thomas (January 29, 2015).
3085:"Why Poverty Persists in America"
2860:Gabe, Thomas (January 29, 2015).
2402:
2156:List of Average Wages per Country
2026:Homelessness in the United States
1874:There have been governmental and
1207:23.8% of the poverty population.
1018:had a poverty rate of 22.9%, the
703:Measuring Poverty: A New Approach
461:article, "Children of the Poor."
273:
138:and the ending of funds from the
14882:
14881:
13644:
12952:Democratic Republic of the Congo
12622:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
10776:Government Accountability Office
9750:Race and ethnicity in the census
7838:African diaspora in the Americas
7326:America's Shameful Poverty Stats
7225:
6771:(Temple University Press, 1988)
6699:Bibliography and further reading
6656:
6629:
6610:
6561:
6524:
6504:
6490:Drum, Kevin (December 9, 2013).
6484:
6464:
6438:
6416:
6372:Kevin Drum (26 September 2013).
6327:
6277:
6221:
6195:
6167:
6133:
6073:
6028:
6003:
5994:
5940:
5902:
5883:
5872:Elise Gould (January 15, 2014).
5866:
5847:
5834:
5808:
5799:
5720:
5694:
5591:Hughes, Clyde (April 17, 2023).
5527:
5476:
5407:
5381:
5355:
5329:
5303:
5273:
5240:
5220:
5175:
5147:
5122:
5081:
5054:
5036:
5023:
4997:
4971:
4951:
4933:
4893:Walker, Duncan (March 6, 2013).
4865:
4830:
4808:
4775:
4749:
4721:
4696:
4670:
4649:
3411:Sidel, Ruth (November 1, 1998).
2850:Washington Post November 8, 2013
2525:"Country Profile: United States"
2264:Brady, David (August 25, 2023).
2162:
2139:
1646:
1634:
1526:This section is an excerpt from
1431:This section is an excerpt from
1325:
842:According to American economist
7848:Antiguan and Barbudan Americans
6996:Howe, Louise Kapp, ed. (1970).
5880:. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
5503:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.0276
4605:
4559:
4534:
4524:
4511:
4491:
4447:
4366:
4271:
4259:
4247:
4235:
4223:
4178:
4159:
4140:
4128:
4119:
4085:
4076:
4064:
3990:
3960:
3934:
3908:
3806:
3783:
3731:Poverty â Experimental Measures
3700:
3673:
3647:
3600:
3563:
3538:
3514:
3431:
3404:
3386:"History of Poverty Thresholds"
3291:
3234:
3200:
3166:
3138:
3110:
3095:
3076:
3050:
3009:
2978:
2916:
2897:
2875:
2853:
2816:
2791:
2764:
2738:
2712:
2685:
2672:florencekelley.northwestern.edu
2660:
2544:
2517:
2490:
2456:
2180:
1235:29.6% of transgender women, and
1202:Poverty among African Americans
306:
14523:
12919:Multidimensional Poverty Index
12419:Separation of church and state
10635:National Reconnaissance Office
10578:President of the United States
7893:Kittian and Nevisian Americans
7868:Dominican Americans (Dominica)
7490:. Center for American Progress
7354:Congressional Research Service
6783:Congressional Research Service
6750:Night Comes to the Cumberlands
5619:Jarow, Oshan (July 14, 2023).
3844:"California median home price"
3659:Consumer Federation of America
3616:Congressional Research Service
3444:. W. W. Norton & Company.
3145:Nova, Annie (March 28, 2023).
2984:Fisher, Max (April 15, 2013).
2869:Congressional Research Service
2750:Social Welfare History Project
2724:Social Welfare History Project
2698:. Princeton University Press.
2391:Congressional Research Service
2324:
2232:
2207:
1908:Individual Development Account
1158:Poverty among Native Americans
826:in 2006 was $ 564,430. In the
493:Office of Economic Opportunity
455:Social Security Administration
301:Office of Economic Opportunity
186:and her colleagues working at
13:
1:
12868:Sustainable Development Goals
9429:Hispanic and Latino Americans
7132:University of Minnesota Press
6753:. Little, Brown and Company.
6337:American Journal of Sociology
5863:Retrieved September 20, 2014.
5226:Tom Hall (February 13, 2015).
4542:"Lakota People's Law Project"
3523:"Summary and Recommendations"
3117:Lee, Juhohn (March 7, 2023).
2201:
1991:Eviction in the United States
1849:dampen one's chances in life.
1808:American Journal of Sociology
1521:Social determinants of health
1377:homeless children in the U.S.
1261:38% Black or African American
1192:Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
192:United States Bureau of Labor
14908:Poverty in the United States
12884:Homeless Vulnerability Index
12747:United States Virgin Islands
10781:Government Publishing Office
10249:Technological and industrial
9499:Indigenous Mexican Americans
7408:Institute for Policy Studies
7297:Poverty in the United States
7024:Lyon-Callo, Vincent (2004).
6895:and H. Luke Shaefer (2016).
6821:The New York Review of Books
6785:. December 27, 2022. R47354.
6626:Retrieved February 11, 2014.
6570:American Sociological Review
6521:Retrieved December 27, 2014.
6501:Retrieved February 15, 2014.
6382:Retrieved 28 September 2013.
5237:Retrieved September 1, 2023.
4968:Retrieved November 17, 2014.
4800:"State of the Homeless 2012"
2933:Retrieved December 26, 2014.
2777:. Harvard University Press.
2668:"Hull House Maps and Papers"
1717:in the United States by year
1490:
991:in the United States is the
915:
885:Supplemental Security Income
721:
693:Supplemental Poverty Measure
198:'s earlier pioneering work,
89:Supplemental Security Income
63:-era legislation during the
7:
13356:Welfare's effect on poverty
12858:List of basic income models
12787:
12253:Women's reproductive health
11219:Federally recognized tribes
11082:Public utilities commission
10986:Public Health Service Corps
10889:Code of Federal Regulations
10771:Congressional Budget Office
10625:Central Intelligence Agency
10531:Water supply and sanitation
9958:Declaration of Independence
9740:Maps of American ancestries
9536:French Polynesian Americans
7873:Dutch West Indian Americans
7048:Patterson, James T. (2000)
7029:University of Toronto Press
6933:Hatcher, Daniel L. (2016).
6481:Retrieved January 20, 2015.
4663:United States Census Bureau
4303:September 30, 2008, at the
3899:United States Census Bureau
3216:United States Census Bureau
2091:De-industrialization crisis
2031:Hunger in the United States
1996:Income in the United States
1978:
1827:Welfare's effect on poverty
1773:. A report on the study in
1229:29.4% of cis-bisexual women
921:Poverty in U.S. territories
264:Public Works Administration
260:Civilian Conservation Corps
161:Hull House Maps and Papers.
151:Progressive era 1890s-1920s
10:
14924:
13729:Weberian (three-component)
12899:Genuine progress indicator
12828:Climate change and poverty
11431:Red states and blue states
11336:City commission government
11331:Councilâmanager government
9521:Pacific Islander Americans
7359:It Is Expensive to Be Poor
6858:. Crown Publishing Group.
5598:United Press International
5107:10.1016/j.acap.2016.02.010
4803:Coalition for the Homeless
4677:thisisloyal.com, Loyal |.
4061:Retrieved August 30, 2019.
3752:Fisher, Gordon M. (2008).
2828:content.lib.washington.edu
2116:Can you hear their voices?
1820:
1563:A 2023 study published in
1525:
1510:
1446:A December 2017 report by
1430:
1329:
1223:17.9% of cis-lesbian women
1188:Wounded Knee, South Dakota
1132:Poverty and race/ethnicity
1041:
277:
180:Hull House Maps and Papers
145:
14877:
14818:
14710:
14678:
14645:
14571:
14543:
14530:
14517:
14435:
14392:
14352:
14334:
14253:
14171:
14131:
14040:
14033:
13988:
13891:
13887:
13874:
13737:
13691:
13687:
13658:
13592:
13565:
13532:African sleeping sickness
13512:
13464:
13323:
13228:
13207:
13131:
13010:
12939:
12932:
12876:
12848:Guaranteed minimum income
12795:
12722:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
12640:
12514:
12509:Poverty in North America
12440:
12266:
12139:
12071:
11724:
11720:
11711:
11659:
11524:
11515:
11411:
11382:
11359:
11298:
11265:
11256:
11199:
11187:Comparison of governments
11162:
11125:
11102:
11018:
10998:
10929:
10867:
10789:
10712:
10570:
10561:
10557:
10548:
10270:
10261:
10206:
10166:Post-Cold War (1991â2008)
10007:drafting and ratification
9980:Articles of Confederation
9893:
9827:
9818:
9720:
9712:Punjabi Mexican Americans
9662:
9591:
9511:
8985:
8836:Liechtensteiner Americans
8643:
8187:
7825:
7814:
7682:
7552:
7543:
7117:Shipler, David K (2004).
6828:Desmond, Matthew (2016).
6622:Economic Policy Institute
6115:"What is "deep poverty"?"
6051:10.1177/0094306110404514d
5878:Economic Policy Institute
5198:10.1177/0094306110404514d
5062:"Child Hunger in America"
4785:Christian Science Monitor
3819:. JHU Press. p. 50.
3680:Hodgson, Godfrey (2005).
3242:"2015 POVERTY GUIDELINES"
3083:Desmond, Matthew (2023).
2799:"Economics & Poverty"
2192:American Community Survey
2066:Mississippi Teacher Corps
1677:Economic Policy Institute
1586:ruins of former factory,
1441:Vera Institute of Justice
1426:Poverty and incarceration
1226:19.5% of cis-bisexual men
1211:Poverty and LGBTQ+ status
1184:American Community Survey
1077:Poverty and family status
1060:(9.0% poverty rate), and
1014:In the 2010 U.S. Census,
832:upper middle class income
699:National Research Council
516:Poverty income guidelines
445:Poverty income thresholds
334:In the 21st century, the
207:Another social reformer,
14851:Pre-industrial East Asia
12904:Legatum Prosperity Index
12889:Misery index (economics)
12742:Turks and Caicos Islands
12206:Prescription drug prices
11326:Mayorâcouncil government
11316:Coterminous municipality
11306:Consolidated city-county
11072:Agriculture commissioner
10722:House of Representatives
10630:National Security Agency
10280:Contiguous United States
9735:Native American ancestry
8510:Hungarian Slovak Gypsies
8366:Indo-Caribbean Americans
8088:Sierra Leonean Americans
8038:Bissau-Guinean Americans
7984:South Sudanese Americans
7469:. The Century Foundation
7385:10 Poverty Myths, Busted
7189:// Accompanied article:
7064:Harvard University Press
7007:Katz, Michael B (2013).
6875:and Lein, Laura (1997).
6705:Abramsky, Sasha (2013).
6644:Harvard University Press
6424:"2016 A&O Scorecard"
5233:World Socialist Web Site
5129:Karp, Robert J. (1993).
3758:Social Security Bulletin
3335:Social Security Bulletin
2692:O'Connor, Alice (2001).
2188:Northern Mariana Islands
2173:
2169:United States portal
2053:
1928:Earned Income Tax Credit
1924:Earned Income Tax Credit
1232:33.7% of transgender men
1072:Poverty and demographics
1020:Northern Mariana Islands
969:Northern Mariana Islands
865:Youth play in Chicago's
777:Johnson administration's
459:Social Security Bulletin
214:How the Other Half Lives
13899:Administrative detainee
13578:Priority review voucher
12291:Criticism of government
11636:Social welfare programs
11229:State-recognized tribes
10214:Outline of U.S. history
9926:Continental Association
9697:Louisiana Creole people
8846:Luxembourgish Americans
8016:South African Americans
7952:Equatoguinean Americans
7394:March/April 2014 issue.
7059:Prasad, Monica (2012).
7012:Oxford University Press
6880:Russell Sage Foundation
6681:10.1111/0022-3816.00032
6669:The Journal of Politics
5920:Oxford University Press
5010:Children's Defense Fund
4768:March 22, 2016, at the
4613:"Pine Ridge Statistics"
4504:March 26, 2010, at the
4455:"Poverty 1-Part 100_09"
4429:"Poverty 1-Part 100_03"
4403:"Poverty 1-Part 100_06"
4374:"Poverty 2-Part 100_09"
4348:"Poverty 3-Part 100_06"
4329:April 13, 2009, at the
3441:The Forgotten Americans
3184:Oxford University Press
2952:. London and New York:
2474:Oxford University Press
2331:Zweig, Michael (2004).
2266:"Poverty, not the poor"
2123:Feminization of poverty
2081:Tipping Point Community
2046:Pathways out of Poverty
1969:Northwestern University
1675:and Elise Gould of the
1394:Children's Defense Fund
288:in the 1960s. In 1962,
120:Purchasing Power Parity
14315:
12853:Universal basic income
12818:Disability and poverty
12672:British Virgin Islands
12353:Environmental movement
12196:Health insurance costs
12091:Educational attainment
11616:Federal Reserve System
11574:Science and technology
11077:Insurance commissioner
10615:Intelligence Community
10310:minor outlying islands
10073:Civil rights movement
9484:Puerto Rican Americans
8043:Cape Verdean Americans
7898:Saint Lucian Americans
7674:Ethnocultural politics
7642:Racial achievement gap
7572:Educational attainment
6836:Crown Publishing Group
6038:Contemporary Sociology
5185:Contemporary Sociology
4820:July 28, 2013, at the
4708:2022 U.S. Trans Survey
4642:February 14, 2020, at
4190:February 14, 2020, at
4171:February 14, 2020, at
4152:February 14, 2020, at
4097:February 14, 2020, at
4037:Cite journal requires
3631:Dealing with Diversity
3550:chronicle.uchicago.edu
3328:"Children of the Poor"
2291:10.1126/sciadv.adg1469
2251:Daedalus, 139(3), 8-19
1872:
1859:
1844:
1836:
1783:
1718:
1667:Policies that address
1591:
1539:
1487:
1466:Poverty and disability
1350:Agriculture Department
1322:
1290:
1264:43% Hispanic or Latino
1176:Pine Ridge Reservation
1141:
1038:Poverty in U.S. states
1011:in the United States.
952:
941:
870:
815:
805:
772:
753:
473:
331:
323:
239:unemployment insurance
163:
77:Department of Commerce
44:
36:
14856:Pre-industrial Europe
13422:List of global issues
13381:Subjective well-being
12612:Saint Kitts and Nevis
12179:Immigrant health care
11694:Transportation safety
11689:Transportation policy
11679:Public transportation
10749:President pro tempore
10605:Executive departments
10374:National Park Service
10029:Territorial evolution
9581:New Zealand Americans
9546:Micronesian Americans
9541:Marshallese Americans
9442:Costa Rican Americans
8901:Sammarinese Americans
8871:Montenegrin Americans
8601:Azerbaijani Americans
8564:Palestinian Americans
8486:Singaporean Americans
8334:Bangladeshi Americans
7942:Cameroonian Americans
7664:Unemployment by state
7152:Duke University Press
7109:on February 22, 2007.
7095:10.1300/J134v07n01_06
6767:Cray, Robert E., Jr.
5442:The Milbank Quarterly
5250:(December 15, 2017).
5051:. September 12, 2016.
4929:. September 11, 2013.
4488:". U.S. Census Bureau
3708:"That Seventies Show"
3102:Smith, David (2023).
3031:(December 15, 2017).
3018:. BBC, June 22, 2016.
2452:. September 13, 2022.
2086:Redistributive change
1949:Pew Charitable Trusts
1860:
1846:
1842:
1834:
1778:
1712:
1582:
1537:
1500:U.S. education system
1485:
1317:
1288:
1139:
1056:(8.8% poverty rate),
1042:Further information:
947:
928:
864:
810:
800:
762:
737:
467:
329:
314:
158:
42:
32:
18:Federal Poverty Level
14713: or countries
14524:By country or region
13762:Class discrimination
13361:Criticism of welfare
12808:Concentrated poverty
12348:Environmental issues
12013:Political ideologies
11912:Indigenous languages
11112:List of legislatures
10909:separation of powers
10610:Independent agencies
10536:World Heritage Sites
10171:September 11 attacks
10094:SpanishâAmerican War
10034:MexicanâAmerican War
9990:Confederation period
9921:Continental Congress
9654:Venezuelan Americans
9644:Surinamese Americans
9634:Paraguayan Americans
9624:Ecuadorian Americans
9576:Australian Americans
9467:Salvadoran Americans
9462:Panamanian Americans
9457:Nicaraguan Americans
9447:Guatemalan Americans
8886:Portuguese Americans
8851:Macedonian Americans
8841:Lithuanian Americans
8678:Belarusian Americans
8496:Vietnamese Americans
8466:Indonesian Americans
8420:Sri Lankan Americans
8286:Fuzhounese Americans
8083:Senegalese Americans
8021:Zimbabwean Americans
7913:Vincentian Americans
7488:Americanprogress.org
7246:improve this article
7192:"Poverty in America"
6816:Suzanne Le Menestrel
6740:(UP of Kansas, 1992)
6555:10.1093/sf/77.3.1119
6117:. September 12, 2012
4964:The Associated Press
4941:"Child Hunger Facts"
3871:on February 12, 2020
3733:. U.S. Census Bureau
3495:"Poverty Guidelines"
3186:. pp. 116â117.
2803:depts.washington.edu
2558:. September 12, 2023
2128:Unintended pregnancy
1881:community organizing
1740:A 2012 study by the
1559:access to healthcare
1458:Princeton University
1220:12.1% of cis-gay men
1005:ComerĂo, Puerto Rico
727:Understating poverty
535:48 Contiguous States
504:Consumer Price Index
500:Bureau of the Budget
173:Progress and Poverty
14245:Vanniar (Chieftain)
13466:Diseases of poverty
13458:Diseases of poverty
13392:Rural access issues
13331:Theories of poverty
12914:Human Poverty Index
12823:Diseases of poverty
12627:Trinidad and Tobago
12522:Antigua and Barbuda
12191:Health care finance
11684:Rail transportation
11450:Imperial presidency
11172:State constitutions
11117:List of legislators
11067:Auditor/Comptroller
11040:Lieutenant governor
10766:Library of Congress
10657:Diplomatic Security
10300:Indian reservations
9963:American Revolution
9649:Uruguayan Americans
9619:Colombian Americans
9609:Brazilian Americans
9599:Argentine Americans
9479:Dominican Americans
9373:Alaskan Athabaskans
8972:Non-Hispanic whites
8965:Ukrainian Americans
8943:Slovenian Americans
8921:Norwegian Americans
8916:Icelandic Americans
8804:Hungarian Americans
8750:Dagestani Americans
8725:Bulgarian Americans
8544:Jordanian Americans
8481:Malaysian Americans
8451:Cambodian Americans
8403:Pakistani Americans
8393:Maldivian Americans
8346:Bhutanese Americans
8322:Mongolian Americans
8276:Taiwanese Americans
8271:Hong Kong Americans
8119:Ethiopian Americans
7989:Tanzanian Americans
7947:Congolese Americans
7878:Grenadian Americans
7863:Bermudian Americans
7858:Barbadian Americans
7592:Housing segregation
7546:Demographic history
7404:The Poor Get Prison
7377:The Huffington Post
7347:September 26, 2013.
7335:September 18, 2013.
7322:September 12, 2013.
7295:U.S. Census Bureau
7289:U.S. Census Bureau
7258:footnote references
7183:. October 1, 2019.
7129:Prisons of Poverty.
7052:(Harvard UP, 2000)
6953:Harrington, Michael
6910:Ehrenreich, Barbara
6855:Poverty, by America
6477:The Washington Post
6208:The Huffington Post
6086:Poverty, by America
5953:Poverty, by America
5922:. pp. 4, 121.
5842:The Washington Post
5816:"Family Income TOC"
5286:Poverty, by America
5094:Academic Pediatrics
4787:, December 13, 2011
4579:on February 1, 2014
3973:Poverty, by America
3714:. October 20, 2010.
3392:. November 23, 2015
3326:Orshansky, Mollie.
3004:office of Research.
2991:The Washington Post
2282:2023SciA....9G1469B
2110:Kids Against Hunger
2076:Negative Income Tax
2061:Human Poverty Index
1538:U.S. Poverty Trends
1246:Transgender poverty
1164:Reservation poverty
1024:U.S. Virgin Islands
977:U.S. Virgin Islands
857:Overstating poverty
820:high cost of living
526:
401:Poverty, by America
14826:18th-century Spain
14680:Standard of living
14384:Upper middle class
14379:Lower middle class
13970:Political prisoner
13752:Chattering classes
13724:Spoon class theory
13514:Neglected diseases
13499:Diarrheal diseases
13412:Culture of poverty
12562:Dominican Republic
12301:affirmative action
12274:Capital punishment
12233:Poverty and health
12228:Physician shortage
12201:Health care prices
12131:Standard of living
11814:standard of living
11621:Financial position
11248:Hawaiian home land
11236:Indian reservation
11209:Tribal sovereignty
11052:Secretary of state
10921:United States Code
10837:Territorial courts
10809:Associate Justices
10694:Inspector generals
10181:War in Afghanistan
10044:Reconstruction era
9911:Stamp Act Congress
9639:Peruvian Americans
9629:Guyanese Americans
9604:Bolivian Americans
9526:Chamorro Americans
9452:Honduran Americans
9437:Belizean Americans
9422:Canadian Americans
8891:Romanian Americans
8861:Moldovan Americans
8789:Galician Americans
8767:Estonian Americans
8735:Croatian Americans
8713:Scottish Americans
8668:Austrian Americans
8663:Asturian Americans
8658:Albanian Americans
8606:Georgian Americans
8596:Assyrian Americans
8591:Armenian Americans
8554:Lebanese Americans
8529:Bahraini Americans
8456:Filipino Americans
8398:Nepalese Americans
8361:Gujarati Americans
8310:Ryukyuan Americans
8305:Japanese Americans
8177:Sudanese Americans
8170:Tunisian Americans
8155:Algerian Americans
8138:Egyptian Americans
8114:Eritrean Americans
8093:Togolese Americans
8078:Nigerian Americans
8068:Liberian Americans
8053:Ghanaian Americans
8033:Beninese Americans
8011:Malawian Americans
7957:Gabonese Americans
7888:Jamaican Americans
7853:Bahamian Americans
7759:Moorish Scientists
7659:Standard of living
7427:. January 5, 2018.
7328:, Sasha Abramsky.
7291:Poverty Definition
7200:. October 1, 2019.
7083:Journal of Poverty
6920:Metropolitan Books
6434:on August 2, 2013.
5896:Washingtonpost.com
5860:The New York Times
5822:on January 2, 2007
4827:, February 8, 2013
4683:Williams Institute
4435:on January 8, 2010
4380:on January 8, 2010
3948:. November 7, 2011
3725:Fisher, Gordon M.
3089:The New York Times
2752:. January 20, 2011
2726:. January 10, 2011
2654:The New York Times
2146:Poverty by country
1922:Additionally, the
1845:
1837:
1719:
1592:
1575:Factors in poverty
1543:Poverty and health
1540:
1507:Health disparities
1488:
1478:Effects of poverty
1346:U.S. Census Bureau
1323:
1291:
1267:34% Middle Eastern
1142:
953:
949:Camden, New Jersey
942:
897:housing assistance
871:
816:
773:
763:A neighborhood of
756:Second World War.
520:
474:
434:poverty thresholds
371:and human rights,
332:
324:
290:Michael Harrington
164:
99:(Food stamps) and
67:, to the national
45:
37:
14895:
14894:
14873:
14872:
14869:
14868:
14706:
14705:
14513:
14512:
14509:
14508:
14505:
14504:
14407:Lumpenproletariat
13909:illegal immigrant
13870:
13869:
13782:Classless society
13612:
13611:
13586:
13585:
13417:Causes of poverty
13319:
13318:
12909:Poverty gap index
12863:Poverty reduction
12803:Measuring poverty
12755:
12754:
12644:other territories
12476:
12475:
12436:
12435:
12432:
12431:
12402:National security
12111:Income inequality
11991:Statue of Liberty
11794:income inequality
11707:
11706:
11699:Trucking industry
11511:
11510:
11507:
11506:
11438:Foreign relations
11426:Electoral College
11407:
11406:
11195:
11194:
11147:District attorney
10994:
10993:
10821:Courts of appeals
10544:
10543:
10257:
10256:
10198:COVID-19 pandemic
10151:Feminist Movement
9997:American frontier
9916:Thirteen Colonies
9777:
9776:
9773:
9772:
9730:American ancestry
9614:Chilean Americans
9556:Palauan Americans
9489:Mexican Americans
8948:Spanish Americans
8933:Serbian Americans
8926:Swedish Americans
8896:Russian Americans
8876:Occitan Americans
8866:Monacan Americans
8856:Maltese Americans
8831:Latvian Americans
8826:Kosovan Americans
8814:Italian Americans
8772:Finnish Americans
8740:Cypriot Americans
8730:Catalan Americans
8703:English Americans
8698:Cornish Americans
8693:British Americans
8688:Bosnian Americans
8683:Belgian Americans
8633:Turkish Americans
8628:Kurdish Americans
8621:Israeli Americans
8611:Iranian Americans
8549:Kuwaiti Americans
8534:Emirati Americans
8476:Laotian Americans
8471:Iu Mien Americans
8439:Burmese Americans
8408:Punjabi Americans
8371:Punjabi Americans
8356:Bengali Americans
8339:Bengali Americans
8298:Tibetan Americans
8266:Chinese Americans
8244:Turkmen Americans
8217:Pashtun Americans
8165:Moroccan American
8063:Ivorian Americans
8058:Guinean Americans
8048:Gambian Americans
8006:Angolan Americans
7994:Ugandan Americans
7883:Haitian Americans
7833:African Americans
7632:Racial inequality
7602:Income inequality
7567:Gender inequality
7482:Altiraifi, Azza.
7368:January 13, 2014.
7286:
7285:
7278:
6968:978-0-684-82678-3
6958:The Other America
6760:978-0-316-13212-1
6297:(20): 2166â2178.
6245:10.2337/db11-1118
6239:(11): 2667â2668.
6128:in the past year.
5910:Rank, Mark Robert
5540:UC Riverside News
5067:Save the Children
3826:978-0-8018-7981-4
3802:on July 11, 2016.
3693:978-0-691-12288-5
3640:978-0-7872-8145-8
3451:978-0-393-31074-0
3424:978-1-101-52281-3
3174:Rank, Mark Robert
3091:. New York Times.
2971:978-0-41-567344-0
2784:978-0-674-04194-3
2705:978-0-691-10255-9
2464:Rank, Mark Robert
2394:. July 19, 2022.
2342:978-0-8014-8899-3
2097:The Other America
1961:social safety net
1933:minimum wage laws
1408:Save the Children
1406:According to the
1390:Racial inequality
1336:In May 2009, the
1182:In the 2013â2017
844:Sandy Darity, Jr.
824:median home price
765:poor white people
675:
674:
489:President Johnson
478:economy food plan
424:Measuring poverty
418:medical insurance
411:Social scientist
388:COVID-19 pandemic
295:The Other America
190:and staff of the
132:COVID-19 pandemic
108:poverty threshold
16:(Redirected from
14915:
14885:
14884:
14712:
14613:Mexican-American
14541:
14540:
14532:
14531:
14519:
14518:
14320:
14263:Business magnate
14153:Knowledge worker
14038:
14037:
13926:dual or multiple
13889:
13888:
13876:
13875:
13830:Social exclusion
13825:Social cleansing
13739:
13689:
13688:
13678:Economic classes
13639:
13632:
13625:
13616:
13615:
13451:
13444:
13437:
13428:
13427:
13402:Post-materialism
12937:
12936:
12894:Gini coefficient
12843:Cycle of poverty
12782:
12775:
12768:
12759:
12758:
12712:Saint Barthélemy
12642:Dependencies and
12515:Sovereign states
12503:
12496:
12489:
12480:
12479:
12456:
12449:
12336:African American
12218:Health insurance
12106:Household income
11976:National symbols
11907:American English
11880:Federal holidays
11789:household income
11722:
11721:
11718:
11717:
11522:
11521:
11460:Anti-Americanism
11384:Special district
11311:Independent city
11280:County executive
11263:
11262:
11057:Attorney general
11016:
11015:
11005:Federal District
10588:Executive Office
10568:
10567:
10559:
10558:
10555:
10554:
10315:populated places
10295:federal enclaves
10290:federal district
10268:
10267:
10131:American Century
10114:Great Depression
10109:Roaring Twenties
10069:Women's suffrage
9948:Halifax Resolves
9941:Founding Fathers
9936:military history
9901:Pre-colonial era
9825:
9824:
9804:
9797:
9790:
9781:
9780:
9566:Tongan Americans
9561:Samoan Americans
9551:Native Hawaiians
9531:Fijian Americans
9433:Central America
8993:Native Americans
8938:Slovak Americans
8911:Danish Americans
8881:Polish Americans
8794:German Americans
8777:French Americans
8755:Lezgin Americans
8673:Basque Americans
8616:Jewish Americans
8584:Yemeni Americans
8579:Syrian Americans
8569:Qatari Americans
8505:Romani Americans
8413:Sindhi Americans
8386:Telugu Americans
8376:Sindhi Americans
8351:Indian Americans
8317:Korean Americans
8249:Uyghur Americans
8234:Kyrgyz Americans
8229:Kazakh Americans
8224:Baloch Americans
8212:Afghan Americans
8160:Libyan Americans
8150:Berber Americans
8143:Coptic Americans
8124:Somali Americans
8100:Yoruba Americans
8073:Malian Americans
7979:Kenyan Americans
7823:
7822:
7816:By continent and
7587:Household income
7530:
7523:
7516:
7507:
7506:
7499:
7497:
7495:
7478:
7476:
7474:
7457:
7455:
7453:
7281:
7274:
7270:
7267:
7261:
7229:
7228:
7221:
7207:
7201:
7188:
7110:
7105:. Archived from
7045:(ABC-CLIO 2004).
6972:
6948:
6869:
6850:Desmond, Matthew
6786:
6764:
6720:
6709:. Nation Books.
6693:
6692:
6660:
6654:
6633:
6627:
6614:
6608:
6607:
6601:
6593:
6565:
6559:
6558:
6549:(3): 1119â1139.
6540:
6528:
6522:
6508:
6502:
6488:
6482:
6468:
6462:
6461:
6459:
6457:
6448:. Archived from
6442:
6436:
6435:
6430:. Archived from
6420:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6409:
6389:
6383:
6370:
6364:
6363:
6361:
6344:(4): 1090â1124.
6331:
6325:
6324:
6314:
6281:
6275:
6274:
6264:
6225:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6199:
6193:
6192:
6190:
6188:
6171:
6165:
6164:
6137:
6131:
6130:
6124:
6122:
6111:
6105:
6104:
6081:Desmond, Matthew
6077:
6071:
6070:
6032:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6021:
6011:"Tax Foundation"
6007:
6001:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5982:
5974:
5968:
5967:
5948:Desmond, Matthew
5944:
5938:
5937:
5906:
5900:
5899:
5887:
5881:
5870:
5864:
5851:
5845:
5838:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5818:. Archived from
5812:
5806:
5803:
5797:
5796:
5794:
5792:
5773:
5764:
5763:
5757:
5749:
5747:
5745:
5739:
5733:. Archived from
5732:
5724:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5713:
5698:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5673:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5657:
5649:
5640:
5639:
5633:
5631:
5616:
5610:
5609:
5607:
5605:
5588:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5557:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5546:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5514:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5411:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5400:
5385:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5359:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5348:
5333:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5281:Desmond, Matthew
5277:
5271:
5270:
5264:
5262:
5244:
5238:
5224:
5218:
5217:
5179:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5168:
5161:Associated Press
5151:
5145:
5144:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5109:
5085:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5058:
5052:
5040:
5034:
5027:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5016:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4975:
4969:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4937:
4931:
4930:
4919:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4905:
4890:
4881:
4880:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4852:
4834:
4828:
4812:
4806:
4797:
4788:
4779:
4773:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4733:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4714:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4689:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4653:
4647:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4609:
4603:
4602:
4596:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4578:
4572:. Archived from
4571:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4538:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4515:
4509:
4495:
4489:
4482:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4461:on June 12, 2011
4451:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4409:on June 12, 2011
4399:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4354:on June 12, 2011
4344:
4335:
4318:
4309:
4292:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4239:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4210:www.pireport.org
4201:
4195:
4182:
4176:
4163:
4157:
4144:
4138:
4132:
4126:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4102:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4074:
4068:
4062:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4040:
4035:
4033:
4025:
4023:
4021:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3968:Desmond, Matthew
3964:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3890:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3867:. Archived from
3861:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3840:
3831:
3830:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3798:. Archived from
3787:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3613:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3587:
3576:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3527:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3491:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3382:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3350:
3339:
3338:
3332:
3323:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3278:
3270:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3222:on July 11, 2010
3218:. Archived from
3204:
3198:
3197:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3099:
3093:
3092:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2943:
2934:
2920:
2914:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2866:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2644:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2627:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2581:
2572:
2571:
2565:
2563:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2442:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2413:
2400:
2399:
2382:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2356:
2347:
2346:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2311:
2293:
2276:(34): eadg1469.
2270:Science Advances
2261:
2252:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2211:
2195:
2184:
2167:
2166:
2165:
1891:(TANF, formerly
1870:
1857:
1817:Fighting poverty
1757:developing world
1692:Mark Robert Rank
1650:
1638:
1420:child tax credit
1190:(located in the
957:U.S. territories
867:Stateway Gardens
811:Homeless man in
789:health insurance
527:
519:
451:Mollie Orshansky
413:Mark Robert Rank
232:Great Depression
221:Great Depression
65:Great Depression
21:
14923:
14922:
14918:
14917:
14916:
14914:
14913:
14912:
14898:
14897:
14896:
14891:
14865:
14814:
14702:
14674:
14641:
14625:Underprivileged
14567:
14526:
14525:
14501:
14431:
14388:
14348:
14330:
14249:
14167:
14127:
14029:
13984:
13883:
13882:
13866:
13845:Social position
13835:Social mobility
13733:
13683:
13654:
13653:
13643:
13613:
13608:
13588:
13587:
13582:
13561:
13547:River blindness
13537:Schistosomiasis
13508:
13460:
13455:
13371:Quality of life
13346:Welfare culture
13315:
13224:
13203:
13127:
13006:
12928:
12872:
12838:Chronic poverty
12813:Cost of poverty
12791:
12786:
12756:
12751:
12645:
12643:
12636:
12510:
12507:
12477:
12472:
12459:
12452:
12445:
12428:
12414:Opioid epidemic
12331:Native American
12311:intersex rights
12262:
12258:Life expectancy
12248:Medical deserts
12238:Race and health
12135:
12121:Personal income
12067:
11971:National anthem
11804:personal income
11769:Economic issues
11703:
11655:
11503:
11403:
11392:School district
11378:
11361:Minor divisions
11355:
11294:
11252:
11191:
11177:Statutory codes
11158:
11121:
11098:
11008:
11003:
10990:
10925:
10882:civil liberties
10863:
10854:Other tribunals
10833:District courts
10785:
10744:current members
10727:current members
10708:
10642:Law enforcement
10540:
10253:
10202:
10193:Great Recession
10064:Progressive Era
10054:Native genocide
9985:Perpetual Union
9973:Treaty of Paris
9931:United Colonies
9889:
9814:
9808:
9778:
9769:
9716:
9658:
9587:
9507:
9474:Cuban Americans
9115:Mission Indians
8981:
8960:Swiss Americans
8809:Irish Americans
8799:Greek Americans
8762:Dutch Americans
8745:Czech Americans
8718:Welsh Americans
8653:White Americans
8639:
8574:Saudi Americans
8559:Omani Americans
8539:Iraqi Americans
8461:Hmong Americans
8444:Karen Americans
8425:Tamil Americans
8381:Tamil Americans
8291:Hoklo Americans
8281:Hakka Americans
8254:Uzbek Americans
8239:Tajik Americans
8195:Asian Americans
8183:
8110:Horn of Africa
7818:ethnic ancestry
7817:
7810:
7776:Native American
7764:Nation of Islam
7754:Five Percenters
7678:
7647:Racial wage gap
7637:Race and health
7622:Personal income
7554:
7548:
7539:
7534:
7503:
7493:
7491:
7472:
7470:
7451:
7449:
7440:
7437:. June 2, 2023.
7310:, July 28, 2013
7307:Huffington Post
7282:
7271:
7265:
7262:
7243:
7234:This section's
7230:
7226:
7219:
7205:
7190:
7173:
6969:
6945:
6899:Mariner Books.
6866:
6808:, 231 pp.; and
6800:, Knopf, 2020,
6777:
6761:
6717:
6701:
6696:
6661:
6657:
6635:Monica Prasad,
6634:
6630:
6615:
6611:
6595:
6594:
6582:10.2307/3088901
6566:
6562:
6538:
6529:
6525:
6509:
6505:
6489:
6485:
6469:
6465:
6455:
6453:
6444:
6443:
6439:
6422:
6421:
6417:
6407:
6405:
6393:Barber, William
6390:
6386:
6371:
6367:
6359:1721.1/135963.2
6332:
6328:
6282:
6278:
6226:
6222:
6212:
6210:
6200:
6196:
6186:
6184:
6172:
6168:
6161:
6138:
6134:
6120:
6118:
6113:
6112:
6108:
6097:
6078:
6074:
6033:
6029:
6019:
6017:
6009:
6008:
6004:
5999:
5995:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5976:
5975:
5971:
5964:
5945:
5941:
5930:
5907:
5903:
5888:
5884:
5871:
5867:
5852:
5848:
5839:
5835:
5825:
5823:
5814:
5813:
5809:
5804:
5800:
5790:
5788:
5775:
5774:
5767:
5751:
5750:
5743:
5741:
5740:on June 7, 2012
5737:
5730:
5728:"Archived copy"
5726:
5725:
5721:
5711:
5709:
5700:
5699:
5695:
5685:
5683:
5675:
5674:
5670:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5651:
5650:
5643:
5629:
5627:
5617:
5613:
5603:
5601:
5589:
5585:
5575:
5573:
5561:Barber, William
5558:
5554:
5544:
5542:
5532:
5528:
5481:
5477:
5454:10.2307/3349987
5438:
5434:
5424:
5422:
5413:
5412:
5408:
5398:
5396:
5387:
5386:
5382:
5372:
5370:
5361:
5360:
5356:
5346:
5344:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5320:
5318:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5297:
5278:
5274:
5260:
5258:
5245:
5241:
5225:
5221:
5180:
5176:
5166:
5164:
5152:
5148:
5141:
5127:
5123:
5086:
5082:
5072:
5070:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5041:
5037:
5028:
5024:
5014:
5012:
5002:
4998:
4988:
4986:
4976:
4972:
4956:
4952:
4945:Feeding America
4939:
4938:
4934:
4921:
4920:
4913:
4903:
4901:
4891:
4884:
4877:Feeding America
4871:
4870:
4866:
4856:
4854:
4853:on May 10, 2009
4850:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4825:Washington Post
4822:Wayback Machine
4813:
4809:
4798:
4791:
4780:
4776:
4770:Wayback Machine
4754:
4750:
4740:
4738:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4712:
4710:
4702:
4701:
4697:
4687:
4685:
4675:
4671:
4654:
4650:
4635:
4631:
4621:
4619:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4590:
4589:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4569:
4567:"Archived copy"
4565:
4564:
4560:
4550:
4548:
4540:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4525:
4516:
4512:
4506:Wayback Machine
4496:
4492:
4483:
4474:
4464:
4462:
4453:
4452:
4448:
4438:
4436:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4412:
4410:
4401:
4400:
4393:
4383:
4381:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4357:
4355:
4346:
4345:
4338:
4331:Wayback Machine
4319:
4312:
4305:Wayback Machine
4293:
4284:
4276:
4272:
4264:
4260:
4252:
4248:
4240:
4236:
4228:
4224:
4214:
4212:
4202:
4198:
4183:
4179:
4164:
4160:
4145:
4141:
4133:
4129:
4124:
4120:
4112:
4105:
4090:
4086:
4081:
4077:
4069:
4065:
4054:
4050:
4038:
4036:
4027:
4026:
4019:
4017:
3995:
3991:
3984:
3965:
3961:
3951:
3949:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3925:
3923:
3913:
3909:
3891:
3884:
3874:
3872:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3811:
3807:
3788:
3784:
3774:
3772:
3750:
3746:
3736:
3734:
3723:
3719:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3694:
3678:
3674:
3664:
3662:
3661:. July 23, 2012
3653:
3652:
3648:
3641:
3627:
3623:
3611:
3605:
3601:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3574:
3568:
3564:
3554:
3552:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3525:
3519:
3515:
3505:
3503:
3493:
3492:
3485:
3475:
3473:
3463:
3459:
3452:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3409:
3405:
3395:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3352:
3351:
3342:
3330:
3324:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3223:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3194:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3155:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3127:
3115:
3111:
3106:. The Guardian.
3100:
3096:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3041:
3039:
3026:
3022:
3014:
3010:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2944:
2937:
2921:
2917:
2902:
2898:
2888:
2886:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2864:
2858:
2854:
2846:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2807:
2805:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2785:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2645:
2638:
2625:
2623:
2611:
2604:
2594:
2592:
2582:
2575:
2561:
2559:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2535:
2533:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2508:
2506:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2461:
2457:
2444:
2443:
2436:
2426:
2424:
2414:
2403:
2384:
2383:
2374:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2329:
2325:
2262:
2255:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2223:
2221:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2198:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2163:
2161:
2142:
2137:
2056:
2051:
1981:
1957:social security
1876:nongovernmental
1871:
1868:Matthew Desmond
1866:
1858:
1855:Jared Bernstein
1853:
1829:
1819:
1803:Matthew Desmond
1742:Urban Institute
1734:Matthew Desmond
1701:Matthew Desmond
1673:Jared Bernstein
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1621:may be factors.
1577:
1572:
1571:
1551:physical health
1531:
1523:
1509:
1493:
1480:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1454:Matthew Desmond
1436:
1428:
1401:Urban Institute
1342:Feeding America
1340:advocacy group
1334:
1328:
1283:
1281:Poverty and age
1270:40% Multiracial
1248:
1213:
1204:
1174:Poverty in the
1160:
1134:
1079:
1074:
1046:
1040:
993:Manu'a District
935:Manu'a District
923:
918:
859:
850:Matthew Desmond
729:
724:
695:
661:
660:Each additional
536:
531:
518:
447:
426:
406:Matthew Desmond
383:' conditions."
369:extreme poverty
336:Great Recession
309:
282:
276:
268:Social Security
223:
184:Florence Kelley
153:
148:
116:extreme poverty
73:Great Recession
35:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14921:
14911:
14910:
14893:
14892:
14890:
14889:
14878:
14875:
14874:
14871:
14870:
14867:
14866:
14864:
14863:
14858:
14853:
14848:
14846:Ottoman Empire
14843:
14838:
14833:
14831:Ancient Greece
14828:
14822:
14820:
14816:
14815:
14813:
14812:
14807:
14805:United Kingdom
14802:
14797:
14792:
14787:
14782:
14777:
14772:
14767:
14762:
14757:
14752:
14747:
14742:
14737:
14732:
14727:
14722:
14716:
14714:
14708:
14707:
14704:
14703:
14701:
14700:
14698:Home-ownership
14695:
14690:
14684:
14682:
14676:
14675:
14673:
14672:
14667:
14662:
14657:
14651:
14649:
14643:
14642:
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14638:
14637:
14632:
14622:
14621:
14620:
14615:
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14600:
14599:
14598:
14593:
14588:
14577:
14575:
14569:
14568:
14566:
14565:
14560:
14555:
14553:American Dream
14550:
14544:
14538:
14528:
14527:
14515:
14514:
14511:
14510:
14507:
14506:
14503:
14502:
14500:
14499:
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14059:
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14046:
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14031:
14030:
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14022:
14017:
14012:
14007:
14002:
13996:
13994:
13986:
13985:
13983:
13982:
13977:
13972:
13967:
13965:Migrant worker
13962:
13957:
13956:
13955:
13945:
13944:
13943:
13938:
13933:
13928:
13918:
13917:
13916:
13911:
13901:
13895:
13893:
13885:
13884:
13881:By demographic
13872:
13871:
13868:
13867:
13865:
13864:
13861:Status Anxiety
13857:
13852:
13847:
13842:
13837:
13832:
13827:
13822:
13817:
13815:Ranked society
13812:
13807:
13794:
13789:
13784:
13779:
13774:
13769:
13764:
13759:
13757:Class conflict
13754:
13749:
13743:
13741:
13740: topics
13735:
13734:
13732:
13731:
13726:
13721:
13716:
13714:Mudsill theory
13711:
13706:
13701:
13695:
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13674:
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13589:
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13583:
13581:
13580:
13575:
13569:
13567:
13563:
13562:
13560:
13559:
13554:
13549:
13544:
13542:Dracunculiasis
13539:
13534:
13529:
13527:Chagas disease
13524:
13518:
13516:
13510:
13509:
13507:
13506:
13501:
13496:
13491:
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13481:
13476:
13470:
13468:
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13226:
13225:
13223:
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13217:
13211:
13209:
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13204:
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13199:United Kingdom
13196:
13191:
13186:
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13176:
13171:
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13141:
13135:
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13008:
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12999:
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12906:
12901:
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12880:
12878:
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12873:
12871:
12870:
12865:
12860:
12855:
12850:
12845:
12840:
12835:
12830:
12825:
12820:
12815:
12810:
12805:
12799:
12797:
12793:
12792:
12785:
12784:
12777:
12770:
12762:
12753:
12752:
12750:
12749:
12744:
12739:
12734:
12732:Sint Eustatius
12729:
12724:
12719:
12714:
12709:
12704:
12699:
12694:
12689:
12684:
12679:
12677:Cayman Islands
12674:
12669:
12664:
12659:
12654:
12648:
12646:
12641:
12638:
12637:
12635:
12634:
12629:
12624:
12619:
12614:
12609:
12604:
12599:
12594:
12589:
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12579:
12574:
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12559:
12554:
12549:
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12524:
12518:
12516:
12512:
12511:
12506:
12505:
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12471:
12470:
12465:
12458:
12457:
12450:
12442:
12441:
12438:
12437:
12434:
12433:
12430:
12429:
12427:
12426:
12421:
12416:
12411:
12410:
12409:
12399:
12398:
12397:
12387:
12382:
12377:
12372:
12370:Mass shootings
12367:
12362:
12361:
12360:
12358:Climate change
12355:
12345:
12340:
12339:
12338:
12333:
12328:
12323:
12318:
12313:
12308:
12303:
12296:Discrimination
12293:
12288:
12287:
12286:
12276:
12270:
12268:
12264:
12263:
12261:
12260:
12255:
12250:
12245:
12240:
12235:
12230:
12225:
12220:
12215:
12210:
12209:
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12203:
12198:
12188:
12187:
12186:
12181:
12176:
12171:
12166:
12161:
12151:
12145:
12143:
12137:
12136:
12134:
12133:
12128:
12123:
12118:
12113:
12108:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12086:American Dream
12083:
12077:
12075:
12069:
12068:
12066:
12065:
12060:
12055:
12053:Transportation
12050:
12045:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12020:
12015:
12010:
12005:
12000:
11999:
11998:
11993:
11988:
11986:Mount Rushmore
11983:
11973:
11968:
11963:
11958:
11957:
11956:
11951:
11946:
11941:
11936:
11926:
11921:
11920:
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11914:
11909:
11899:
11894:
11889:
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11883:
11882:
11872:
11867:
11866:
11865:
11855:
11850:
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11843:
11838:
11828:
11827:
11826:
11821:
11816:
11811:
11806:
11801:
11796:
11791:
11786:
11781:
11776:
11766:
11761:
11756:
11751:
11746:
11741:
11736:
11730:
11728:
11715:
11709:
11708:
11705:
11704:
11702:
11701:
11696:
11691:
11686:
11681:
11676:
11671:
11665:
11663:
11657:
11656:
11654:
11653:
11648:
11643:
11638:
11633:
11628:
11623:
11618:
11613:
11608:
11606:Federal budget
11603:
11598:
11593:
11592:
11591:
11586:
11581:
11576:
11571:
11566:
11561:
11556:
11551:
11546:
11544:Communications
11541:
11536:
11525:
11519:
11513:
11512:
11509:
11508:
11505:
11504:
11502:
11501:
11496:
11495:
11494:
11489:
11484:
11474:
11473:
11472:
11467:
11465:exceptionalism
11462:
11452:
11447:
11446:
11445:
11443:foreign policy
11435:
11434:
11433:
11428:
11418:
11412:
11409:
11408:
11405:
11404:
11402:
11401:
11400:
11399:
11388:
11386:
11380:
11379:
11377:
11376:
11371:
11365:
11363:
11357:
11356:
11354:
11353:
11348:
11343:
11338:
11333:
11328:
11323:
11318:
11313:
11308:
11302:
11300:
11296:
11295:
11293:
11292:
11287:
11282:
11277:
11271:
11269:
11260:
11254:
11253:
11251:
11250:
11245:
11244:
11243:
11233:
11232:
11231:
11226:
11221:
11211:
11205:
11203:
11197:
11196:
11193:
11192:
11190:
11189:
11184:
11179:
11174:
11168:
11166:
11160:
11159:
11157:
11156:
11155:
11154:
11144:
11143:
11142:
11140:Chief justices
11135:Supreme courts
11131:
11129:
11123:
11122:
11120:
11119:
11114:
11108:
11106:
11100:
11099:
11097:
11096:
11095:
11094:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11059:
11054:
11049:
11048:
11047:
11037:
11036:
11035:
11024:
11022:
11013:
10996:
10995:
10992:
10991:
10989:
10988:
10983:
10978:
10977:
10976:
10974:National Guard
10971:
10966:
10961:
10956:
10951:
10946:
10935:
10933:
10927:
10926:
10924:
10923:
10918:
10917:
10916:
10911:
10906:
10901:
10891:
10886:
10885:
10884:
10877:Bill of Rights
10873:
10871:
10865:
10864:
10862:
10861:
10856:
10851:
10850:
10849:
10847:list of judges
10844:
10842:list of courts
10830:
10829:
10828:
10826:list of judges
10818:
10817:
10816:
10811:
10806:
10795:
10793:
10787:
10786:
10784:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10768:
10763:
10761:Capitol Police
10758:
10757:
10756:
10751:
10746:
10736:
10735:
10734:
10729:
10718:
10716:
10710:
10709:
10707:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10690:
10689:
10684:
10682:Secret Service
10679:
10674:
10669:
10664:
10659:
10654:
10649:
10639:
10638:
10637:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10612:
10607:
10602:
10597:
10595:Vice President
10592:
10591:
10590:
10585:
10574:
10572:
10565:
10552:
10546:
10545:
10542:
10541:
10539:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10522:
10521:
10516:
10511:
10506:
10501:
10496:
10491:
10486:
10475:
10474:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10443:
10438:
10433:
10428:
10423:
10418:
10413:
10408:
10403:
10398:
10393:
10383:
10382:
10381:
10379:National Parks
10371:
10370:
10369:
10364:
10359:
10354:
10349:
10339:
10334:
10332:Extreme points
10329:
10324:
10323:
10322:
10317:
10312:
10307:
10302:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10282:
10271:
10265:
10259:
10258:
10255:
10254:
10252:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10226:
10221:
10216:
10210:
10208:
10204:
10203:
10201:
10200:
10195:
10190:
10189:
10188:
10183:
10173:
10168:
10163:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10143:
10138:
10133:
10128:
10127:
10126:
10116:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10096:
10091:
10090:
10089:
10084:
10079:
10071:
10066:
10061:
10056:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10026:
10021:
10019:Federalist Era
10016:
10015:
10014:
10012:Bill of Rights
10009:
9999:
9994:
9993:
9992:
9987:
9977:
9976:
9975:
9970:
9960:
9955:
9953:Lee Resolution
9950:
9945:
9944:
9943:
9938:
9933:
9928:
9923:
9918:
9913:
9903:
9897:
9895:
9891:
9890:
9888:
9887:
9882:
9877:
9872:
9867:
9862:
9857:
9852:
9847:
9842:
9837:
9831:
9829:
9822:
9816:
9815:
9813: articles
9807:
9806:
9799:
9792:
9784:
9775:
9774:
9771:
9770:
9768:
9767:
9762:
9757:
9754:
9753:
9752:
9742:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9721:
9718:
9717:
9715:
9714:
9709:
9704:
9699:
9694:
9689:
9684:
9679:
9674:
9668:
9666:
9660:
9659:
9657:
9656:
9651:
9646:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9595:
9593:
9589:
9588:
9586:
9585:
9584:
9583:
9578:
9570:
9569:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9553:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9528:
9517:
9515:
9509:
9508:
9506:
9505:
9504:
9503:
9502:
9501:
9496:
9486:
9481:
9476:
9471:
9470:
9469:
9464:
9459:
9454:
9449:
9444:
9439:
9425:
9424:
9418:
9417:
9416:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9375:
9368:Alaska Natives
9365:
9364:
9363:
9358:
9353:
9348:
9346:Tohono OÊŒodham
9343:
9338:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9312:
9311:
9306:
9296:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9250:
9249:
9244:
9239:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9223:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9091:
9090:
9085:
9080:
9075:
9070:
9065:
9055:
9050:
9045:
9040:
9035:
9030:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9005:
9000:
8989:
8987:
8983:
8982:
8980:
8979:
8974:
8969:
8968:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8956:
8955:
8945:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8929:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8823:
8822:
8821:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8796:
8791:
8786:
8785:
8784:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8758:
8757:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8721:
8720:
8715:
8710:
8708:Manx Americans
8705:
8700:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8649:
8647:
8641:
8640:
8638:
8637:
8636:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8624:
8623:
8613:
8608:
8603:
8598:
8593:
8588:
8587:
8586:
8581:
8576:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8541:
8536:
8531:
8524:Arab Americans
8515:
8514:
8513:
8512:
8501:
8500:
8499:
8498:
8493:
8491:Thai Americans
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8447:
8446:
8434:Southeast Asia
8431:
8430:
8429:
8428:
8427:
8417:
8416:
8415:
8410:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8389:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8348:
8343:
8342:
8341:
8326:
8325:
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8319:
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8097:
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8065:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
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8035:
8025:
8024:
8023:
8018:
8013:
8008:
7998:
7997:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7971:
7969:Igbo Americans
7966:
7964:Fula Americans
7961:
7960:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7929:
7928:
7927:
7922:
7917:
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7900:
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7885:
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7855:
7850:
7829:
7827:
7820:
7812:
7811:
7809:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7796:Scientologists
7793:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7772:
7771:
7769:Value Creators
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7741:
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7731:
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7709:
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7661:
7656:
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7650:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7617:Middle classes
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7582:Home-ownership
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7558:
7556:
7550:
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7533:
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7500:
7479:
7458:
7438:
7428:
7416:
7411:
7401:
7398:FPL Calculator
7395:
7382:
7369:
7356:
7348:
7336:
7323:
7311:
7299:
7293:
7284:
7283:
7238:external links
7233:
7231:
7224:
7218:
7217:External links
7215:
7214:
7213:
7202:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7163:
7162:
7142:
7125:Wacquant, LoĂŻc
7122:
7115:
7111:
7074:
7057:
7046:
7039:
7022:
7005:
6994:
6973:
6967:
6949:
6944:978-1479874729
6943:
6930:
6907:
6905:978-0544811959
6890:
6870:
6864:
6846:
6826:
6790:DeParle, Jason
6787:
6775:
6765:
6759:
6745:Caudill, Harry
6741:
6734:
6724:Alston, Philip
6721:
6716:978-1568587264
6715:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6694:
6675:(3): 757â789.
6655:
6628:
6609:
6560:
6523:
6503:
6483:
6463:
6452:on May 6, 2013
6437:
6415:
6384:
6365:
6350:10.1086/701697
6326:
6276:
6220:
6194:
6166:
6159:
6132:
6106:
6095:
6072:
6045:(3): 283â286.
6027:
6015:Tax Foundation
6002:
5993:
5969:
5962:
5939:
5929:978-0190212636
5928:
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5807:
5798:
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5693:
5668:
5641:
5611:
5583:
5552:
5526:
5497:(6): 504â628.
5475:
5448:(1): 105â136.
5432:
5406:
5380:
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5295:
5272:
5239:
5219:
5192:(3): 283â286.
5174:
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4996:
4970:
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4932:
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4882:
4864:
4829:
4807:
4805:, June 8, 2012
4789:
4774:
4755:Bassuk, E.L.,
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4084:
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4039:|journal=
4007:10.3386/w26532
3989:
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3946:Today.duke.edu
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3192:
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3064:. June 4, 2018
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2483:978-0190212636
2482:
2476:. p. 15.
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2055:
2052:
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2049:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2006:Income deficit
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1940:War on Poverty
1864:
1851:
1823:War on poverty
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1745:
1738:
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1640:
1633:
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1627:
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1618:
1613:growing up in
1608:
1605:
1576:
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1505:
1492:
1489:
1479:
1476:
1467:
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1383:Health Affairs
1369:single mothers
1330:Main article:
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1078:
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1032:American Samoa
997:American Samoa
981:American Samoa
961:American Samoa
939:American Samoa
922:
919:
917:
914:
858:
855:
780:War on Poverty
732:to paycheck."
728:
725:
723:
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694:
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673:
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541:
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446:
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404:, sociologist
308:
305:
286:War on Poverty
280:War on Poverty
278:Main article:
275:
274:War on Poverty
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69:war on poverty
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14920:
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14810:United States
14808:
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14536:United States
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14008:
14006:
14003:
14001:
13998:
13997:
13995:
13992:
13987:
13981:
13978:
13976:
13975:Socioeconomic
13973:
13971:
13968:
13966:
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13958:
13954:
13951:
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13897:
13896:
13894:
13890:
13886:
13877:
13873:
13863:
13862:
13858:
13856:
13853:
13851:
13850:Social stigma
13848:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13840:Social orphan
13838:
13836:
13833:
13831:
13828:
13826:
13823:
13821:
13818:
13816:
13813:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13805:
13800:
13799:
13798:Nouveau riche
13795:
13793:
13790:
13788:
13785:
13783:
13780:
13778:
13775:
13773:
13772:Class traitor
13770:
13768:
13767:Class society
13765:
13763:
13760:
13758:
13755:
13753:
13750:
13748:
13745:
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13730:
13727:
13725:
13722:
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13710:
13707:
13705:
13704:Gilbert model
13702:
13700:
13697:
13696:
13694:
13690:
13686:
13680:
13679:
13675:
13673:
13672:
13668:
13666:
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13647:
13646:
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13628:
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13605:
13601:
13598:
13595:
13594:
13591:
13579:
13576:
13574:
13571:
13570:
13568:
13566:Miscellaneous
13564:
13558:
13555:
13553:
13552:Leishmaniasis
13550:
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13543:
13540:
13538:
13535:
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13334:
13332:
13329:
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13309:
13307:
13304:
13302:
13301:United States
13299:
13297:
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13049:
13046:
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13026:
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13015:
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13003:
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12990:
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12958:
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12879:
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12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12833:Child poverty
12831:
12829:
12826:
12824:
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12806:
12804:
12801:
12800:
12798:
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12660:
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12650:
12649:
12647:
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12632:United States
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12535:
12533:
12530:
12528:
12525:
12523:
12520:
12519:
12517:
12513:
12504:
12499:
12497:
12492:
12490:
12485:
12484:
12481:
12469:
12466:
12464:
12461:
12460:
12455:
12451:
12448:
12444:
12443:
12439:
12425:
12422:
12420:
12417:
12415:
12412:
12408:
12405:
12404:
12403:
12400:
12396:
12393:
12392:
12391:
12388:
12386:
12383:
12381:
12378:
12376:
12373:
12371:
12368:
12366:
12363:
12359:
12356:
12354:
12351:
12350:
12349:
12346:
12344:
12343:Energy policy
12341:
12337:
12334:
12332:
12329:
12327:
12324:
12322:
12319:
12317:
12314:
12312:
12309:
12307:
12304:
12302:
12299:
12298:
12297:
12294:
12292:
12289:
12285:
12284:incarceration
12282:
12281:
12280:
12277:
12275:
12272:
12271:
12269:
12265:
12259:
12256:
12254:
12251:
12249:
12246:
12244:
12241:
12239:
12236:
12234:
12231:
12229:
12226:
12224:
12221:
12219:
12216:
12214:
12211:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12199:
12197:
12194:
12193:
12192:
12189:
12185:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12175:
12172:
12170:
12169:Prenatal care
12167:
12165:
12164:Birth control
12162:
12160:
12157:
12156:
12155:
12152:
12150:
12147:
12146:
12144:
12142:
12138:
12132:
12129:
12127:
12124:
12122:
12119:
12117:
12114:
12112:
12109:
12107:
12104:
12102:
12101:Homeownership
12099:
12097:
12094:
12092:
12089:
12087:
12084:
12082:
12079:
12078:
12076:
12074:
12070:
12064:
12061:
12059:
12056:
12054:
12051:
12049:
12046:
12044:
12041:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12019:
12016:
12014:
12011:
12009:
12006:
12004:
12001:
11997:
11994:
11992:
11989:
11987:
11984:
11982:
11979:
11978:
11977:
11974:
11972:
11969:
11967:
11964:
11962:
11959:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11945:
11942:
11940:
11937:
11935:
11932:
11931:
11930:
11927:
11925:
11922:
11918:
11915:
11913:
11910:
11908:
11905:
11904:
11903:
11900:
11898:
11895:
11893:
11890:
11888:
11885:
11881:
11878:
11877:
11876:
11873:
11871:
11868:
11864:
11861:
11860:
11859:
11856:
11854:
11851:
11849:
11846:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11833:
11832:
11829:
11825:
11824:working class
11822:
11820:
11817:
11815:
11812:
11810:
11807:
11805:
11802:
11800:
11797:
11795:
11792:
11790:
11787:
11785:
11784:homeownership
11782:
11780:
11777:
11775:
11772:
11771:
11770:
11767:
11765:
11762:
11760:
11757:
11755:
11752:
11750:
11747:
11745:
11742:
11740:
11737:
11735:
11732:
11731:
11729:
11727:
11723:
11719:
11716:
11714:
11710:
11700:
11697:
11695:
11692:
11690:
11687:
11685:
11682:
11680:
11677:
11675:
11672:
11670:
11667:
11666:
11664:
11662:
11658:
11652:
11649:
11647:
11644:
11642:
11639:
11637:
11634:
11632:
11629:
11627:
11624:
11622:
11619:
11617:
11614:
11612:
11609:
11607:
11604:
11602:
11599:
11597:
11594:
11590:
11587:
11585:
11582:
11580:
11577:
11575:
11572:
11570:
11567:
11565:
11564:Manufacturing
11562:
11560:
11557:
11555:
11552:
11550:
11547:
11545:
11542:
11540:
11537:
11535:
11532:
11531:
11530:
11527:
11526:
11523:
11520:
11518:
11514:
11500:
11497:
11493:
11492:Third parties
11490:
11488:
11485:
11483:
11480:
11479:
11478:
11475:
11471:
11468:
11466:
11463:
11461:
11458:
11457:
11456:
11453:
11451:
11448:
11444:
11441:
11440:
11439:
11436:
11432:
11429:
11427:
11424:
11423:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11413:
11410:
11398:
11395:
11394:
11393:
11390:
11389:
11387:
11385:
11381:
11375:
11372:
11370:
11367:
11366:
11364:
11362:
11358:
11352:
11349:
11347:
11344:
11342:
11339:
11337:
11334:
11332:
11329:
11327:
11324:
11322:
11319:
11317:
11314:
11312:
11309:
11307:
11304:
11303:
11301:
11297:
11291:
11288:
11286:
11283:
11281:
11278:
11276:
11273:
11272:
11270:
11268:
11264:
11261:
11259:
11255:
11249:
11246:
11242:
11239:
11238:
11237:
11234:
11230:
11227:
11225:
11222:
11220:
11217:
11216:
11215:
11212:
11210:
11207:
11206:
11204:
11202:
11198:
11188:
11185:
11183:
11180:
11178:
11175:
11173:
11170:
11169:
11167:
11165:
11161:
11153:
11150:
11149:
11148:
11145:
11141:
11138:
11137:
11136:
11133:
11132:
11130:
11128:
11124:
11118:
11115:
11113:
11110:
11109:
11107:
11105:
11101:
11093:
11090:
11089:
11088:
11085:
11083:
11080:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11070:
11068:
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11055:
11053:
11050:
11046:
11043:
11042:
11041:
11038:
11034:
11031:
11030:
11029:
11026:
11025:
11023:
11021:
11017:
11014:
11012:
11006:
11001:
10997:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10965:
10962:
10960:
10957:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10945:
10942:
10941:
10940:
10937:
10936:
10934:
10932:
10928:
10922:
10919:
10915:
10912:
10910:
10907:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10897:
10896:
10895:
10892:
10890:
10887:
10883:
10880:
10879:
10878:
10875:
10874:
10872:
10870:
10866:
10860:
10859:U.S. attorney
10857:
10855:
10852:
10848:
10845:
10843:
10840:
10839:
10838:
10834:
10831:
10827:
10824:
10823:
10822:
10819:
10815:
10812:
10810:
10807:
10805:
10804:Chief Justice
10802:
10801:
10800:
10799:Supreme Court
10797:
10796:
10794:
10792:
10788:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10769:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10759:
10755:
10752:
10750:
10747:
10745:
10742:
10741:
10740:
10737:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10724:
10723:
10720:
10719:
10717:
10715:
10711:
10705:
10704:Public policy
10702:
10700:
10699:Civil service
10697:
10695:
10692:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10665:
10663:
10660:
10658:
10655:
10653:
10650:
10648:
10645:
10644:
10643:
10640:
10636:
10633:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10617:
10616:
10613:
10611:
10608:
10606:
10603:
10601:
10598:
10596:
10593:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10581:
10580:
10579:
10576:
10575:
10573:
10569:
10566:
10564:
10560:
10556:
10553:
10551:
10547:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10505:
10502:
10500:
10497:
10495:
10492:
10490:
10487:
10485:
10482:
10481:
10480:
10476:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10464:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10447:
10444:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10434:
10432:
10429:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10388:
10387:
10384:
10380:
10377:
10376:
10375:
10372:
10368:
10367:Sierra Nevada
10365:
10363:
10360:
10358:
10355:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10345:
10344:
10343:
10340:
10338:
10335:
10333:
10330:
10328:
10325:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10305:insular zones
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10277:
10276:
10273:
10272:
10269:
10266:
10264:
10260:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10212:
10211:
10209:
10205:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10187:
10184:
10182:
10179:
10178:
10177:
10176:War on Terror
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10162:
10159:
10157:
10156:LGBT Movement
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10139:
10137:
10134:
10132:
10129:
10125:
10122:
10121:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10088:
10085:
10083:
10080:
10078:
10075:
10074:
10072:
10070:
10067:
10065:
10062:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10020:
10017:
10013:
10010:
10008:
10005:
10004:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9982:
9981:
9978:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9965:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9949:
9946:
9942:
9939:
9937:
9934:
9932:
9929:
9927:
9924:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9909:
9908:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9898:
9896:
9892:
9886:
9883:
9881:
9878:
9876:
9873:
9871:
9868:
9866:
9863:
9861:
9858:
9856:
9853:
9851:
9848:
9846:
9843:
9841:
9838:
9836:
9833:
9832:
9830:
9826:
9823:
9821:
9817:
9812:
9811:United States
9805:
9800:
9798:
9793:
9791:
9786:
9785:
9782:
9766:
9763:
9761:
9758:
9755:
9751:
9748:
9747:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9722:
9719:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9673:
9670:
9669:
9667:
9665:
9661:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9645:
9642:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9596:
9594:
9592:South America
9590:
9582:
9579:
9577:
9574:
9573:
9571:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9523:
9522:
9519:
9518:
9516:
9514:
9510:
9500:
9497:
9495:
9492:
9491:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9458:
9455:
9453:
9450:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9434:
9432:
9431:
9430:
9427:
9426:
9423:
9420:
9419:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9370:
9369:
9366:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9310:
9307:
9305:
9302:
9301:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9248:
9245:
9243:
9240:
9238:
9235:
9233:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9197:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9117:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9060:
9059:
9056:
9054:
9051:
9049:
9046:
9044:
9041:
9039:
9036:
9034:
9031:
9029:
9026:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9009:
9006:
9004:
9001:
8999:
8996:
8995:
8994:
8991:
8990:
8988:
8986:North America
8984:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8954:
8951:
8950:
8949:
8946:
8944:
8941:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8908:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8820:
8817:
8816:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8795:
8792:
8790:
8787:
8783:
8780:
8779:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8756:
8753:
8752:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8711:
8709:
8706:
8704:
8701:
8699:
8696:
8695:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8655:
8654:
8651:
8650:
8648:
8646:
8642:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8626:
8622:
8619:
8618:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8592:
8589:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8535:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8526:
8525:
8522:
8521:
8520:
8517:
8516:
8511:
8508:
8507:
8506:
8503:
8502:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8445:
8442:
8441:
8440:
8437:
8436:
8435:
8432:
8426:
8423:
8422:
8421:
8418:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8405:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8353:
8352:
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7000:, in series,
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1965:Monica Prasad
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1945:welfare state
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1725:
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1715:incarceration
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1690:According to
1689:
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1685:Larry Summers
1683:. Economist
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1126:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1092:10.7% of all
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1050:New Hampshire
1045:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
950:
946:
940:
936:
932:
927:
913:
909:
906:
905:Census Bureau
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
881:
877:According to
875:
868:
863:
854:
851:
847:
845:
840:
836:
833:
829:
828:Monterey area
825:
821:
814:
809:
804:
799:
796:
794:
790:
784:
781:
778:
770:
766:
761:
757:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
736:
733:
719:
715:
711:
707:
704:
700:
690:
688:
684:
679:
670:
667:
664:
659:
658:
654:
651:
648:
645:
644:
640:
637:
634:
631:
630:
626:
623:
620:
617:
616:
612:
609:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
561:
560:
556:
553:
550:
547:
546:
542:
539:
534:
529:
528:
524:
513:
511:
507:
505:
501:
496:
494:
490:
485:
483:
480:while at the
479:
471:
466:
462:
460:
456:
452:
442:
439:
435:
431:
430:Census Bureau
421:
419:
414:
409:
407:
403:
402:
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
374:
373:Philip Alston
370:
365:
361:
356:
354:
353:globalization
350:
346:
342:
337:
328:
321:
317:
313:
304:
302:
297:
296:
291:
287:
281:
271:
269:
265:
261:
258:included the
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
235:
233:
228:
227:sharecroppers
218:
216:
215:
210:
205:
204:
202:
197:
196:Charles Booth
193:
189:
185:
181:
176:
174:
170:'s 1873 book
169:
166:Catalyzed by
162:
157:
143:
141:
137:
133:
128:
126:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
81:Census Bureau
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
57:
54:
50:
49:United States
41:
31:
27:
19:
14861:Soviet Union
14836:Ancient Rome
14693:Homelessness
14669:
14618:Upper Middle
14490: /
14471: /
14462: /
14427:Working poor
14323:
14310:Robber baron
14133:Intellectual
14123:Royal family
14087:Ancient Rome
13941:second-class
13859:
13802:
13801: /
13796:
13792:High society
13699:Elite theory
13676:
13669:
13662:
13649:Social class
13573:Malnutrition
13484:Tuberculosis
13407:Pen's parade
13351:Welfare trap
13300:
12987:South Africa
12737:Sint Maarten
12717:Saint Martin
12631:
12385:Human rights
12365:Gun politics
12316:Islamophobia
12306:antisemitism
12174:Hospice care
12125:
12116:Middle class
12096:Homelessness
12073:Social class
12033:Social class
11897:Human rights
11887:Homelessness
11808:
11799:middle class
11764:Demographics
11739:Architecture
11646:Unemployment
11626:Labor unions
11374:Town meeting
11351:City council
11346:City manager
11087:State police
10949:Marine Corps
10939:Armed Forces
10914:civil rights
10894:Constitution
10466:Southwestern
10461:Southeastern
10451:Northwestern
10446:Northeastern
10411:Mid-Atlantic
10401:Great Plains
10119:World War II
10002:Constitution
9906:Colonial era
9885:2008âpresent
8207:Central Asia
7806:Zoroastrians
7654:Social class
7626:
7502:
7494:February 23,
7492:. Retrieved
7487:
7473:February 23,
7471:. Retrieved
7466:
7452:February 23,
7450:. Retrieved
7445:
7422:
7390:Mother Jones
7388:
7375:
7364:The Atlantic
7362:
7341:
7329:
7317:
7305:
7272:
7263:
7248:by removing
7235:
7195:
7178:
7145:
7144:âââ (2009).
7128:
7118:
7107:the original
7086:
7082:
7060:
7049:
7042:
7025:
7008:
7001:
6997:
6976:
6957:
6934:
6913:
6896:
6876:
6853:
6829:
6823:
6809:
6797:
6794:Jeff Madrick
6768:
6749:
6737:
6706:
6672:
6668:
6658:
6636:
6631:
6620:
6612:
6598:cite journal
6576:(1): 22â51.
6573:
6569:
6563:
6546:
6542:
6526:
6517:The Guardian
6515:
6506:
6497:Mother Jones
6495:
6486:
6475:
6466:
6454:. Retrieved
6450:the original
6440:
6432:the original
6427:
6418:
6406:. Retrieved
6402:The Guardian
6400:
6387:
6378:Mother Jones
6376:
6368:
6341:
6335:
6329:
6294:
6290:
6279:
6236:
6232:
6223:
6211:. Retrieved
6207:
6197:
6187:September 6,
6185:. Retrieved
6181:The Guardian
6179:
6169:
6145:
6141:Temin, Peter
6135:
6126:
6121:September 1,
6119:. Retrieved
6109:
6100:
6084:
6075:
6042:
6036:
6030:
6018:. Retrieved
6014:
6005:
5996:
5986:December 20,
5984:. Retrieved
5972:
5951:
5942:
5933:
5914:
5904:
5895:
5885:
5868:
5858:
5849:
5841:
5836:
5826:December 27,
5824:. Retrieved
5820:the original
5810:
5801:
5791:September 6,
5789:. Retrieved
5780:
5742:. Retrieved
5735:the original
5722:
5712:December 20,
5710:. Retrieved
5705:
5696:
5686:December 26,
5684:. Retrieved
5680:
5671:
5659:. Retrieved
5635:
5628:. Retrieved
5624:
5614:
5602:. Retrieved
5596:
5586:
5574:. Retrieved
5570:The Guardian
5568:
5555:
5543:. Retrieved
5539:
5529:
5494:
5488:
5478:
5445:
5441:
5435:
5425:February 23,
5423:. Retrieved
5418:
5409:
5399:February 23,
5397:. Retrieved
5392:
5383:
5373:February 23,
5371:. Retrieved
5366:
5357:
5347:February 23,
5345:. Retrieved
5340:
5331:
5321:February 23,
5319:. Retrieved
5314:
5305:
5284:
5275:
5266:
5261:December 21,
5259:. Retrieved
5242:
5231:
5222:
5189:
5183:
5177:
5165:. Retrieved
5159:
5149:
5133:. Springer.
5130:
5124:
5100:(3): S1âS5.
5097:
5093:
5083:
5071:. Retrieved
5065:
5056:
5048:The Guardian
5046:
5038:
5025:
5013:. Retrieved
5009:
4999:
4987:. Retrieved
4983:
4973:
4962:
4953:
4944:
4935:
4926:
4902:. Retrieved
4898:
4876:
4867:
4855:. Retrieved
4848:the original
4843:
4832:
4824:
4810:
4802:
4784:
4777:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4739:. Retrieved
4735:
4723:
4711:. Retrieved
4707:
4698:
4686:. Retrieved
4682:
4672:
4661:
4651:
4632:
4620:. Retrieved
4616:
4607:
4581:. Retrieved
4574:the original
4561:
4549:. Retrieved
4545:
4536:
4526:
4513:
4493:
4463:. Retrieved
4459:the original
4449:
4437:. Retrieved
4433:the original
4423:
4411:. Retrieved
4407:the original
4382:. Retrieved
4378:the original
4368:
4356:. Retrieved
4352:the original
4321:
4295:
4273:
4261:
4249:
4237:
4225:
4213:. Retrieved
4209:
4199:
4180:
4161:
4142:
4130:
4121:
4087:
4078:
4066:
4058:
4051:
4030:cite journal
4018:. Retrieved
3992:
3971:
3962:
3950:. Retrieved
3945:
3936:
3924:. Retrieved
3920:
3910:
3902:
3873:. Retrieved
3869:the original
3859:
3847:. Retrieved
3815:
3808:
3800:the original
3795:
3785:
3773:. Retrieved
3761:
3757:
3747:
3735:. Retrieved
3730:
3720:
3711:
3702:
3682:
3675:
3665:December 11,
3663:. Retrieved
3658:
3649:
3630:
3624:
3615:
3602:
3592:December 11,
3590:. Retrieved
3578:
3565:
3555:December 11,
3553:. Retrieved
3549:
3540:
3530:
3516:
3504:. Retrieved
3498:
3474:. Retrieved
3470:
3460:
3440:
3433:
3413:
3406:
3396:December 11,
3394:. Retrieved
3389:
3363:December 11,
3361:. Retrieved
3357:
3337:. July 1963.
3334:
3306:. Retrieved
3302:
3293:
3284:
3280:
3255:September 3,
3253:. Retrieved
3245:
3236:
3224:. Retrieved
3220:the original
3211:
3202:
3178:
3168:
3156:. Retrieved
3150:
3140:
3128:. Retrieved
3122:
3112:
3097:
3088:
3078:
3066:. Retrieved
3061:
3052:
3042:December 24,
3040:. Retrieved
3023:
3011:
3000:
2989:
2980:
2948:
2929:The Guardian
2927:
2918:
2907:
2899:
2887:. Retrieved
2877:
2868:
2855:
2843:
2833:December 10,
2831:. Retrieved
2827:
2818:
2808:December 10,
2806:. Retrieved
2802:
2793:
2773:
2766:
2756:December 11,
2754:. Retrieved
2749:
2740:
2730:December 11,
2728:. Retrieved
2723:
2714:
2694:
2687:
2677:December 11,
2675:. Retrieved
2671:
2662:
2652:
2631:
2624:. Retrieved
2618:
2593:. Retrieved
2589:
2567:
2560:. Retrieved
2555:
2546:
2534:. Retrieved
2528:
2519:
2507:. Retrieved
2501:
2492:
2468:
2458:
2449:
2425:. Retrieved
2421:
2395:
2389:
2363:. Retrieved
2332:
2326:
2273:
2269:
2243:
2234:
2222:. Retrieved
2218:
2209:
2182:
2160:
2114:
2104:Two Americas
2102:
2095:
2071:Basic Income
1974:
1937:
1921:
1895:, AFDC) and
1885:
1873:
1861:
1847:
1806:
1779:
1775:The Guardian
1774:
1760:
1724:incarcerated
1601:Janet Yellen
1593:
1564:
1541:
1494:
1469:
1452:Sociologist
1445:
1438:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1398:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1354:
1335:
1306:
1292:
1276:
1273:
1249:
1241:
1214:
1205:
1181:
1173:
1168:Lakota Sioux
1161:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1116:
1102:
1080:
1047:
1013:
954:
910:
878:
876:
872:
848:
841:
837:
817:
801:
797:
793:medical care
787:of housing,
785:
774:
754:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
734:
730:
716:
712:
708:
702:
696:
680:
676:
512:
508:
497:
486:
475:
458:
448:
427:
410:
399:
385:
357:
344:
333:
307:21st century
293:
283:
247:Hoovervilles
236:
224:
212:
206:
199:
179:
171:
168:Henry George
165:
160:
129:
105:
58:
46:
26:
14780:New Zealand
14497:Untouchable
14422:Proletariat
14412:Pea-pickers
14362:Bourgeoisie
14050:Aristocracy
13936:naturalized
13931:native-born
13220:New Zealand
13184:Switzerland
13103:Philippines
13083:South Korea
13078:North Korea
13018:Afghanistan
12933:By location
12707:Puerto Rico
12617:Saint Lucia
12567:El Salvador
12390:Immigration
12321:LGBT rights
12223:Food safety
12058:Video games
11651:Wall Street
11631:Public debt
11534:Agriculture
11470:nationalism
11182:Uniform act
11104:Legislative
11011:Territorial
10969:Coast Guard
10964:Space Force
10714:Legislative
10509:Red (South)
10499:Mississippi
10421:New England
10357:Appalachian
10327:Earthquakes
10224:Discoveries
10219:Demographic
10161:Vietnam War
10104:World War I
10099:Imperialism
10049:Indian Wars
10024:War of 1812
9745:2010 census
9664:Multiethnic
8953:Californios
8819:before 1880
7722:Protestants
7684:By religion
7597:Immigration
7553:By economic
7266:August 2021
6812:Greg Duncan
6291:Circulation
6213:January 30,
6020:October 14,
4989:January 11,
4741:October 14,
4713:October 23,
4688:October 10,
4622:October 14,
4583:January 17,
4551:October 14,
4020:December 9,
3952:October 14,
3926:October 14,
3775:January 11,
3737:January 11,
3417:. Penguin.
2956:. pp.
2119:(1931 play)
2036:Poor person
1953:food stamps
1765:found that
1753:Peter Temin
1066:Mississippi
1028:Puerto Rico
1001:Puerto Rico
973:Puerto Rico
931:Ofu-Olosega
893:Food stamps
662:person adds
532:Family Unit
432:issues the
381:Third World
341:millennials
243:shantytowns
14770:Luxembourg
14660:Inequality
14325:Superclass
14116:Hereditary
14092:Post-Roman
14083:Patrician
13953:adolescent
13777:Classicide
13336:Well-being
13048:East Timor
13028:Bangladesh
12702:Montserrat
12697:Martinique
12692:Guadeloupe
12547:Costa Rica
12424:Xenophobia
12213:Disability
12154:Healthcare
12063:Visual art
12008:Philosophy
11954:television
11944:newspapers
11934:journalism
11924:Literature
11836:attainment
11487:Republican
11482:Democratic
11455:Ideologies
11416:Corruption
10981:NOAA Corps
10904:preemption
10899:federalism
10514:Rio Grande
10416:Midwestern
10396:West Coast
10391:East Coast
10234:Inventions
10146:Space Race
10141:Korean War
10124:home front
10059:Gilded Age
9672:Afro-Asian
9294:Potawatomi
9125:Chemehuevi
8329:South Asia
7791:Rastafaris
7749:Ahmadiyyas
7702:Christians
7577:Emigration
7555:and social
7331:The Nation
7160:082234422X
7140:0816639019
7072:0674066529
7037:1442600861
7020:0199933952
6991:0415673445
6888:087154234X
6844:0553447432
6781:(Report).
6652:0674066529
5630:August 24,
5015:January 4,
4927:The Nation
3712:The Nation
3579:census.gov
3476:August 31,
3212:census.gov
2556:census.gov
2530:World Bank
2503:World Bank
2365:August 29,
2219:Census.gov
2202:References
1821:See also:
1771:Deep South
1751:economist
1696:capitalism
1590:, Michigan
1511:See also:
1365:food banks
1338:non-profit
1194:) had the
530:Persons in
349:neoliberal
209:Jacob Riis
188:Hull House
112:World Bank
14795:Sri Lanka
14688:Education
14655:Household
14548:Affluence
14483:Rat tribe
14445:Ant tribe
14417:Precariat
14402:Lazzaroni
14344:Bohemians
14305:Overclass
14300:Old money
14236:Spartiate
14211:Kshatriya
14201:Hashashin
14158:Professor
14099:Political
14072:Oligarchy
14062:Hanseaten
13980:Stateless
13960:Convicted
13892:By status
13855:Subaltern
13787:Euthenics
13719:New class
13494:Pneumonia
13311:Venezuela
13266:Guatemala
13236:Argentina
13215:Australia
13113:Sri Lanka
13108:Singapore
13058:Indonesia
12687:Greenland
12602:Nicaragua
12577:Guatemala
12407:Terrorism
12184:Rationing
12081:Affluence
12028:Sexuality
11996:Uncle Sam
11902:Languages
11831:Education
11774:affluence
11734:Americana
11661:Transport
11559:Insurance
11549:Companies
11529:By sector
11421:Elections
11062:Treasurer
11020:Executive
10959:Air Force
10931:Uniformed
10754:President
10571:Executive
10342:Mountains
10275:Territory
10263:Geography
10087:1954â1968
10082:1896â1954
10077:1865â1896
10039:Civil War
9880:1991â2008
9875:1980â1991
9870:1964â1980
9865:1945â1964
9860:1917â1945
9855:1865â1917
9850:1849â1865
9845:1815â1849
9840:1789â1815
9835:1776â1789
9828:By period
9702:Melungeon
9677:Amerasian
9403:Tsimshian
9210:Chochenyo
9155:Kitanemuk
9105:Menominee
9088:Tuscarora
9023:Chickasaw
9008:Blackfeet
8519:West Asia
8261:East Asia
7781:Neopagans
7707:Catholics
7697:Buddhists
7562:Affluence
7250:excessive
7103:145175350
6983:Routledge
6726:. (2018)
6689:0022-3816
6646:, 2012),
6456:April 23,
6253:0012-1797
6151:MIT Press
5781:WID.world
5661:March 20,
4904:March 13,
4617:4aihf.org
4015:226931919
3506:March 10,
3471:Brookings
2954:Routledge
2536:April 27,
2509:April 27,
2300:2375-2548
1799:landlords
1584:Rust Belt
1491:Education
1258:32% Asian
1087:Hispanics
1062:Minnesota
916:Geography
722:Criticism
655:$ 58,140
641:$ 52,230
627:$ 46,320
613:$ 40,410
599:$ 34,500
585:$ 28,590
571:$ 22,680
557:$ 16,770
396:CARES Act
140:CARES Act
14902:Category
14887:Category
14819:Historic
14740:Colombia
14730:Cambodia
14665:Personal
14563:Mobility
14492:Freedman
14478:Plebeian
14464:Prisoner
14450:Commoner
14336:Creative
14317:Seigneur
14283:Nobility
14241:Vanniyar
14226:Pendekar
14186:Cossacks
13820:Snobbery
13692:Theories
13596:See also
13557:Trachoma
13366:Wellness
13291:Paraguay
13276:Honduras
13256:Colombia
13229:Americas
13098:Pakistan
13088:Malaysia
13033:Cambodia
13002:Zimbabwe
12992:Tanzania
12962:Ethiopia
12652:Anguilla
12587:Honduras
12557:Dominica
12532:Barbados
12463:Category
12159:Abortion
12023:Religion
11981:Columbia
11939:internet
11875:Holidays
11870:Folklore
11841:literacy
11779:eviction
11669:Aviation
11641:Taxation
11596:Currency
11589:by state
11499:Scandals
11369:Township
11127:Judicial
11028:Governor
10791:Judicial
10677:Marshals
10550:Politics
10504:Missouri
10494:Columbia
10489:Colorado
10484:Arkansas
10477:Longest
10456:Southern
10441:Northern
10285:counties
10239:Military
10229:Economic
10207:By topic
10186:Iraq War
10136:Cold War
9894:By event
9682:Blaxican
9494:Chicanos
9388:Gwich'in
9336:Shoshone
9326:Seminole
9254:Muscogee
9227:Tataviam
9190:Suisunes
9140:Diegueño
9120:Cahuilla
9078:Onondaga
9058:Iroquois
9038:Comanche
9033:Colville
9018:Cheyenne
9013:Cherokee
7607:Language
7424:New York
7343:Truthdig
7185:Archived
7127:(2009).
7114:451â489.
6985:, 2015.
6955:(1962).
6912:(2001).
6852:(2023).
6747:(1962).
6534:(1999).
6408:June 26,
6321:29760227
6271:22025771
6233:Diabetes
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