1031:
1646:
1581:
2177:
963:
2275:
maintain his duties as a judge during the day while engaged in solitary prayer in a graveyard at night, he abandoned his family, possessions and security to become an itinerant religious seeker. As he left Astarābād, he exchanged his clothes for the felt clothing of a shepherd he met. From then on he always wore this shirt as a symbol of having abandoned worldly connections and comforts.
2356:. Unused to walking, he suffered a leg injury by the time he arrived. Here he found a variety of religious seekers many of whom shunned contacts with wider society and often flouted religious convention. However, Fażlullāh never joined any of these groups. He began to experience a series of dreams which he came to regard as prophetic. He then made
2509:"Book of Dreams" became one of the main biographical sources about Fażlullāh's life. These followers formed a tight-knit community around him, sharing a hermit-like lifestyle and a deep brotherly love that led them to think of themselves as sharing the same soul. These sincere followers claimed the received
2519:
and the Qur'an, an understanding of hidden matters and clear interpretations of the sayings and deeds of
Muhammad and his immediate entourage. Meanwhile, a steady stream of the social elite, such as scholars, ministers, military and administrative officers as well as all kinds of wealthy people would
2417:
turned to Fażlullāh and said that true dream interpretation was like a rare star that becomes visible every 30,000 years and encompasses seven thousand worlds. He told Fażlullāh that he could see it if he stood under an orange tree, This Fażlullāh did and saw seven stars one of which was bigger than
2492:
where he attracted two kinds of visitors: firstly, religious seekers seeking a guide and secondly those who wanted him to interpret dreams for more worldly reasons. Fażlullāh would accept no money for his interpretations and led an ascetic life, going without sleep spending the night in prayer and
2274:
Fażlullāh fell into a trance and when he inquired as to the verses meaning, his religious teacher told him that to understand it one would have to devote their life to religious pursuits and then one could experience the meaning rather than knowing it intellectually. After a year of trying to
2250:
When his father died when he was still a child, Fażlullāh inherited his position and appeared at the courthouse on horse back everyday, acting as a figurehead while his assistants carried out the work of the court. At the age of eighteen he had an extraordinary religious experience when a
199:
movement. The basic belief of the Ḥurūfiyyah was that the God was incarnated in the body of Fażlullāh and that he would appear as Mahdī when the Last Day was near in order to save
Muslims, Christians and Jews. His followers first came from the village of Toqchi near
2468:, but that the latter would return within a year. Fifteen years later darwīsh Ruknu d-Dīn was expelled, only to return in triumph within the year. There are a number of stories relating to Fazlallah in this region, but he was to leave in 1365 traveling first to
2426:— the master of esoteric interpretation following this. He rapidly attracted a crowd of people seeking explanations of dreams drawn from all walks of life. However, he preferred the company of religious aescetics and eventually decided to leave Urgench.
2412:
appeared to him explaining to an old man that dream interpretation was very hard as the surface identities of characters in dreams were stand-ins for others and that dreams involved far deeper meanings than their apparent concern. Then
2937:
2291:. The one which is designated as Kabīr "Great" is in the Astarābādī Persian dialect and the one that is entitled Ṣaghīr "Small" is in standard Persian. Another book in the Astarābādī Persian dialect is the
2418:
the rest. And the luminous star emitted a ray of light which entered his right eye conveying a special intuitive knowledge to him. This felt like a pearly light which enabled him to understand the
2303:. In addition to this book, he also composed another small collection of poetry in standard Persian using the pen name Nāimī. From his poetic works, it is evident that he knew Arabic, Persian and
2231:, circa 1339/1340, to a family of judges. According to the traditional Ḥurūfī biography, Fażlullāh Astarābādī was born in a household that traced its descent to the seventh Shī‘ah Imam,
2657:
2847:
Gölpinarli, Abdülbâkî. "Faḍl Allāh Ḥurūfī." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2007. Brill Online.
2283:
Fażlullāh composed his works in
Standard Persian as well as the Persian dialect of Astarābād. His most significant work which establishes the foundation of Ḥurūfism is titled
2494:
2501:
that it is someone who is silent on the outside so that his inner reality can speak through him. Shahrastani became one of his prominent followers alongside men like
2521:
204:
and from there, the fame of his small community spread throughout
Khorasan, Iraq, Azerbaijan and Shirvan. The center of Fażlullāh Nāimī's influence was
2502:
2384:(d. 818) — who is buried in Mashhad — he made a detour to ar-Riḍā's shrine before completing a second Hajj and returning to Urgench. Here he practiced
2658:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/iranian-studies/article/hurufism-the-fadlallah-family-children-and-testament/5EF5BD04A6BD0D21C089ADDD6C1AB3F5
2405:
2299:
in the Astarābād
Persian dialect was imitated by Turkish Ḥurūfīs. He also composed a book of poetry in standard Persian and gave it the title
17:
2668:
2904:ʿALĪ AL-AʿLĀ (d. 822/1419), also known as Amīr Sayyed ʿAlī, principal successor of Fażlallāh Astarābādī, founder of the Ḥorūfī sect.
2489:
2977:
2460:. This sect advised its followers to prepare arms ready for a great cosmic war that would be followed by the appearance of the
2982:
2205:
2838:
Abbas Amanat, Imagining the End: Visions of
Apocalypse from the Ancient Middle East to Modern America , I.B. Tauris, 2002
432:
2987:
991:
427:
2235:. Fażlullāh's predecessor, in eighth or ninth generation, was Muhammad al-Yamanī, from the family which originated in
2865:
2816:
2769:
2733:
2713:
2693:
2464:. There is some evidence that he was here in 1360 and that he made the prediction that ‘Alī Mu'ayyad would expel the
2422:. After this dream Fażlullāh claimed he could understand dreams and the language of birds. His followers called him
1812:
1670:
1609:
372:
91:
Amīr Nūrullāh, Salāmullāh, Kalīmullāh, Kalīmatullāh-ē 'Ulyā, 'Ā'išah, Fātimah, Bībī, Umm'ul-kitāb, Fātihat'ul-kitāb
2549:
2311:. He was well-versed in Persian literature, and that he was capable of composing poetry in the classical style.
948:
2804:
2898:
2793:
909:
2947:
2006:
687:
2548:
For his spread of Hurūfism, circa 1394/1395, Fażlullāh Nā'imī was captured and imprisoned in Alinja, near
2972:
1822:
1690:
1685:
843:
377:
2552:. He was subsequently sentenced for his heresies by the religious leaders and executed at the orders of
853:
2638:
2259:
2025:
1827:
878:
2827:
2794:
Encyclopedia
Iranica, "ASTARĀBĀDĪ, FAŻLALLĀH" (d. 796/1394), founder of the Ḥorūfī religion, H. Algar
1926:
1695:
819:
2340:) is the total of all emanating and creating possibilities of God and is God himself made manifest.
2330:
reveals himself in the Word and that words are composed of sounds that are associated with letters (
2295:, giving an account of the dreams of Fażlullāh at various times in his life. A prose work, entitled
2198:
2153:
1745:
1680:
913:
744:
461:
402:
247:
2686:
Hadji
Bektach: un mythe et ses avatars : genèse et évolution du soufisme populaire en Turquie
2669:
http://fatihusluer.com/archive/SHAHZAD%20BASHIR%20Fazlallah%20Astarabadi%20and%20the%20Hurufis.pdf
2123:
873:
504:
499:
2088:
1702:
1675:
1061:
984:
539:
1732:
1916:
1817:
1807:
1800:
1777:
2444:
in North east Iran, where a significant proportion of the local population were involved in
1911:
2967:
2962:
2497:
visited him and asked him about his understanding of a true man of God. He replied quoting
2103:
1960:
1847:
1782:
1712:
1602:
1562:
1504:
1431:
858:
722:
534:
412:
354:
263:
8:
2191:
2138:
2118:
2055:
1727:
1707:
1628:
1494:
422:
382:
227:
2611:
2926:
1665:
1396:
1038:
943:
768:
307:
238:
117:
1030:
2930:
2903:
2878:
Khātamiyat-i Payāmbar-i Islām va ibṭāl-i taḥlīlī-i Bābīgarī, Bahāʼīgarī, Qādiyānīgarī
2861:
2812:
2765:
2729:
2709:
2689:
2628:
2529:
2393:
2181:
2148:
2113:
2045:
1872:
1842:
1552:
1547:
977:
967:
624:
337:
322:
302:
258:
174:
70:
2918:
2525:
2520:
ask his advice. Giving advice to such people as
Mawlana Zayn ad-Dīn Rajayī and the
2308:
2158:
2133:
2050:
1188:
1168:
868:
824:
474:
282:
213:
162:
132:
2922:
2726:
Syncrétismes Et Hérésies Dans L'Orient
Seljoukide Et Ottoman (XIVe-XVIIIe Siècles)
2992:
2909:
Usluer, Fatih (2020). "Hurufism: The Faḍlallāh Family, Children, and Testament".
2893:
2498:
2397:
2098:
1943:
1852:
1595:
1451:
1296:
1203:
1193:
863:
753:
332:
1865:
2746:
2601:
2408:— were the most sincere religious seekers in the history of Islam. In another,
2163:
2065:
2001:
1933:
1336:
1301:
1183:
1143:
1128:
1010:
848:
809:
707:
367:
292:
217:
1163:
2956:
2858:
Sur Les Traces Du Soufisme Turc: Recherches Sur L'Islam Populaire En Anatolie
2365:
2239:, the center of heterodox Islam at the time. Fażlullāh's family was from the
2232:
2060:
1921:
1906:
1499:
1456:
1416:
1326:
1311:
1271:
1266:
1088:
814:
779:
682:
312:
297:
287:
2616:
2336:). The total number of letters (and their numerical value according to the
2327:
2108:
1938:
1837:
1585:
1446:
1436:
1381:
1093:
784:
717:
697:
273:
2581:
2456:
principle, with many people affiliated to a religious group known as the
2381:
2244:
2038:
1953:
1948:
1899:
1832:
1787:
1772:
1767:
1757:
1722:
1386:
1198:
829:
692:
327:
317:
2314:
2606:
2553:
2445:
2401:
2093:
1636:
1557:
1542:
1361:
1356:
1341:
1316:
1138:
231:
2633:
2596:
2557:
2515:, spiritual gifts like special knowledge about sacred texts like the
2449:
2435:
2388:
religious practices and continued to have a number of dreams. In one
2247:— however, this did not figure greatly in his religious development.
2224:
2128:
2013:
1887:
1645:
1476:
1471:
1441:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1371:
1366:
1351:
1346:
1306:
1256:
1251:
904:
764:
749:
677:
646:
599:
589:
182:
51:
2942:
2899:
ASTARĀBĀDĪ, FAŻLALLĀH (d. 796/1394), founder of the Ḥorūfī religion.
2761:
2441:
2414:
2409:
2373:
2369:
2240:
2018:
1991:
1977:
1717:
1421:
1321:
918:
702:
666:
544:
417:
189:
122:
109:
2828:"Nesimi, Seyid Imadeddin." Encyclopædia Britannica, Online Edition
2448:
religion. From 1136 to 1381 this region was under the rule of the
2267:
Why are you afraid of death when you have the essence of eternity?
2749:
2533:
2511:
2473:
2453:
2377:
2349:
2255:
1894:
1882:
1877:
1567:
1466:
1461:
1391:
1376:
1331:
1276:
1261:
1241:
1213:
1178:
1153:
1118:
1073:
923:
895:
789:
774:
712:
672:
641:
634:
629:
594:
584:
579:
514:
509:
437:
209:
201:
2756:
2752:
2591:
2586:
2564:
2537:
2485:
2465:
2457:
2419:
2332:
2323:
2143:
2083:
1986:
1967:
1762:
1752:
1660:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1426:
1289:
1223:
1133:
1098:
1021:
569:
442:
362:
196:
170:
99:
55:
2621:
2452:, a diverse collection of noble families who did not follow a
2269:
How can the grave contain you when you have the light of God?
2176:
962:
2576:
2516:
2461:
2389:
2361:
2337:
2322:
According to Encyclopedia of Islam, one of the key tenets of
2252:
2236:
1996:
1972:
1246:
1208:
1148:
1123:
1108:
1103:
1083:
1078:
1068:
1054:
1014:
759:
574:
564:
494:
489:
484:
469:
447:
407:
81:
2524:, Fażlullāh's reputation spread throughout the provinces of
2493:
weeping continually to control his carnal desires. The Sufi
2469:
2385:
2357:
2353:
2228:
1218:
1173:
1158:
1113:
479:
205:
2372:. He decided to make another Hajj, but only got as far as
220:
mystical poets of the late 14th and early 15th centuries.
604:
212:. Among his followers was the famous Ḥurūfī poet Seyyed
2376:
when he had a dream in which a man told him to go to
2938:
Faḍl Allāh Ḥurūfī Astarābādī, Encyclopaedia Islamica
2789:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2954:
2774:
2287:"Eternal Book". Two recensions were made of the
2821:
2543:
2199:
1603:
985:
1059:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2206:
2192:
1610:
1596:
992:
978:
2673:
2429:
195:, was an Iranian mystic who founded the
2708:, Feltrinelli Editore IT, 2002, p. 56,
2318:: the Master of Esoteric Interpretation
14:
2955:
2908:
2440:Fażlullāh then moved to the region of
2343:
2809:Islam: Critical Concepts in Sociology
2662:
2651:
2479:
2860:, Editions Isis, 1992, pp. 163-174,
2728:, Peeters Publishers, 2005, p. 307,
2484:Fażlullāh made himself at home in a
208:and most of his followers came from
2688:, BRILL, 1998, Chapter IV, p. 116,
2536:. Eventually he decided to move to
166:
24:
2880:, Madrasah-i Shuhadāʼ, 1981, p. 20
1029:
25:
3004:
2887:
2175:
1644:
1579:
961:
2943:Sufi Tale: The Lover of the ABC
2870:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2978:Iranian Sufi religious leaders
2798:
2760:, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları,
2738:
2718:
2698:
1060:
660:Other related sects and groups
13:
1:
2923:10.1080/00210862.2020.1777393
2644:
2218:
2948:Javidan-namah - جاودان نامه
2007:Bektashism and folk religion
949:Criticism of Twelver Shi'ism
688:Bektashism and folk religion
179:Fażlullāh Tabrīzī Astarābādī
18:Fazlallah Astarabadi (Naimi)
7:
2983:14th-century Iranian people
2811:, Routledge, 2003, p. 284,
2570:
2392:told him that four sufis —
10:
3009:
2639:List of extinct Shia sects
2544:Imprisonment and execution
2433:
2348:Fażlullāh made his way to
2260:Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi
944:List of Twelver Shia books
2988:Visions of Jesus and Mary
2380:. Concluding the man was
840:Other hadith collections
820:Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih
138:
128:
116:
105:
95:
87:
77:
63:
44:
39:
32:
2495:Mu'in al-Din Shahrastani
2278:
2154:Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim
248:The Fourteen Infallibles
874:Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya
844:Book of Sulaym ibn Qays
159:Fażlu l-Lāh Astar-Ābādī
2272:
2223:Fażlullāh was born in
2089:Khadija bint Khuwaylid
1676:Succession to Muhammad
1034:
216:, one of the greatest
2764:, 1998, pp. 131-135,
2704:Ryszard Kapuscinski.
2430:Amongst the Sarbadars
2264:
2182:Shia Islam portal
1808:Verse of purification
1655:Beliefs and practices
1033:
968:Shia Islam portal
403:Imamate of the Family
2522:Amir Farrukh Gunbadi
2104:Umm Kulthum bint Ali
1783:Mourning of Muharram
1713:Mourning of Muharram
859:Reality of Certainty
535:Mourning of Muharram
413:Mourning of Muharram
143:Jāwidānnāmah-i Kabir
34:Fazlallah Astarabadi
2344:Dreams of Fażlullāh
2305:his native language
2258:recited a verse by
2119:Ruqayya bint Husayn
2026:Extinct Shi'a sects
1746:Days of remembrance
1733:Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage
1728:The Four Companions
540:Arba'een Pilgrimage
2973:People from Gorgan
2744:Ahmet Yaşar Ocak,
2724:Gilles Veinstein.
2480:Sojourn in Isfahan
1939:Atba-i-Malak Bohra
1866:Branches and sects
1813:Two weighty things
1039:Abdul Qadir Gilani
1035:
803:Hadith collections
167:فضلالله استرآبادی
2629:Mahmoud Pasikhani
2563:His shrine is at
2488:in the suburb of
2394:Ibrahim Bin Adham
2368:, the capital of
2364:before moving to
2216:
2215:
2149:Fatimah bint Asad
2114:Fatima bint Hasan
1843:Battle of Karbala
1620:
1619:
1062:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
1002:
1001:
898:and jurisprudence
505:Nahy ani l-Munkar
345:
344:
177:), also known as
156:
155:
67:1394 (aged 53-55)
16:(Redirected from
3000:
2934:
2917:(3–4): 605–631.
2881:
2874:
2868:
2856:Irène Mélikoff.
2854:
2848:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2802:
2796:
2791:
2772:
2742:
2736:
2722:
2716:
2702:
2696:
2684:Irène Mélikoff.
2682:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2655:
2503:Nasrallah Nafaji
2360:(pilgrimage) to
2309:Gorgani language
2208:
2201:
2194:
2180:
2179:
2159:Ruqayya bint Ali
2134:Fatima bint Musa
1648:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1621:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1586:Islam portal
1584:
1583:
1582:
1517:Topics in Sufism
1189:Sufi metaphysics
1065:
1064:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1004:
1003:
994:
987:
980:
966:
965:
869:Mafatih al-Jinan
854:Wasā'il al-Shīʿa
825:Tahdhib al-Ahkam
428:Wilayat al-Faqih
253:
252:
223:
222:
214:Imadaddin Nasimi
168:
129:Main interest(s)
30:
29:
21:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2953:
2952:
2911:Iranian Studies
2890:
2885:
2884:
2875:
2871:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2826:
2822:
2805:Bryan S. Turner
2803:
2799:
2792:
2775:
2743:
2739:
2723:
2719:
2703:
2699:
2683:
2674:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2652:
2647:
2573:
2546:
2499:Junayd Baghdadi
2482:
2438:
2432:
2398:Bayazid Bistami
2346:
2320:
2281:
2271:
2268:
2221:
2212:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2099:Zaynab bint Ali
2079:
2071:
2070:
2041:
2031:
2030:
1944:Sulaymani Bohra
1868:
1858:
1857:
1828:Fatimah's house
1803:
1793:
1792:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1656:
1635:
1634:
1626:
1625:
1616:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1518:
1510:
1509:
1490:
1482:
1481:
1452:Haqqani Anjuman
1292:
1282:
1281:
1237:
1229:
1228:
1204:Sufi psychology
1194:Sufi philosophy
1050:
1042:
1041:, Baghdad, Iraq
1020:
1019:
1008:
1007:
998:
960:
955:
954:
953:
938:
930:
929:
928:
914:The Infallibles
899:
887:
886:
885:
864:Nahj al-Balagha
836:
804:
796:
795:
794:
739:
731:
730:
729:
661:
653:
652:
651:
619:
611:
610:
609:
559:
551:
550:
549:
529:
528:Other practices
521:
520:
519:
500:Amr bi-l maʿrūf
464:
454:
453:
452:
397:
389:
388:
387:
357:
347:
346:
250:
239:Twelver Shi'ism
139:Notable work(s)
73:
68:
59:
49:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3006:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2889:
2888:External links
2886:
2883:
2882:
2869:
2849:
2840:
2831:
2820:
2797:
2773:
2737:
2717:
2697:
2672:
2661:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2572:
2569:
2545:
2542:
2481:
2478:
2434:Main article:
2431:
2428:
2424:sahib-i ta'vil
2345:
2342:
2319:
2316:Sahib-i ta'vil
2313:
2297:Mahabbat-namah
2280:
2277:
2265:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:Sayyida Nafisa
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2139:Hakimah Khātūn
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2010:
2009:
1999:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1934:Hebtiahs Bohra
1931:
1930:
1929:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1869:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1640:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1500:Notable modern
1497:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1184:Sufi cosmology
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1057:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1036:
1026:
1025:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
989:
982:
974:
971:
970:
957:
956:
952:
951:
946:
940:
939:
937:Related topics
936:
935:
932:
931:
927:
926:
921:
916:
907:
901:
900:
893:
892:
889:
888:
884:
883:
882:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
849:Bihar al-Anwar
846:
837:
835:
834:
833:
832:
827:
822:
817:
810:The Four Books
806:
805:
802:
801:
798:
797:
793:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
762:
757:
747:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
732:
728:
727:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
669:
663:
662:
659:
658:
655:
654:
650:
649:
644:
639:
638:
637:
632:
621:
620:
617:
616:
613:
612:
608:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
561:
560:
557:
556:
553:
552:
548:
547:
542:
537:
531:
530:
527:
526:
523:
522:
518:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
466:
465:
460:
459:
456:
455:
451:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
399:
398:
395:
394:
391:
390:
386:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
359:
358:
353:
352:
349:
348:
343:
342:
341:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
277:
276:
269:
268:
267:
266:
261:
251:
246:
245:
242:
241:
235:
234:
154:
153:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
114:
113:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
61:
60:
50:
46:
42:
41:
37:
36:
33:
27:Persian writer
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3005:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2879:
2873:
2867:
2866:975-428-047-9
2863:
2859:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2829:
2824:
2818:
2817:0-415-12347-X
2814:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2771:
2770:975-333-079-0
2767:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2741:
2735:
2734:90-429-1549-8
2731:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2714:88-07-81326-2
2711:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2694:90-04-09344-3
2691:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2559:
2556:, the son of
2555:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2446:apocalyptical
2443:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2366:Kunya Urgench
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2317:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2289:Javidan-namah
2286:
2285:Javidan-namah
2276:
2270:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2233:Musa al-Kazim
2230:
2226:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1922:Dawoodi Bohra
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1778:Eid al-Ghadir
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1613:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1495:Notable early
1493:
1492:
1489:List of sufis
1486:
1485:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1005:
995:
990:
988:
983:
981:
976:
975:
973:
972:
969:
964:
959:
958:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
934:
933:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
897:
891:
890:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
838:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
815:Kitab al-Kafi
813:
812:
811:
808:
807:
800:
799:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
780:Seghatoleslam
778:
776:
773:
770:
766:
763:
761:
758:
755:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
735:
734:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
675:
674:
670:
668:
665:
664:
657:
656:
648:
645:
643:
640:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
626:
623:
622:
615:
614:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
555:
554:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
532:
525:
524:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
463:
458:
457:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
396:Other beliefs
393:
392:
384:
383:Judgement Day
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
360:
356:
351:
350:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
279:
278:
275:
271:
270:
265:
262:
260:
257:
256:
255:
254:
249:
244:
243:
240:
237:
236:
233:
229:
225:
224:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
198:
194:
191:
187:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:, 1339/40 in
164:
160:
152:
148:
147:Maḥabbatnāmah
144:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
119:
115:
111:
108:
106:Jurisprudence
104:
101:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
72:
66:
62:
57:
54:(present-day
53:
47:
43:
38:
31:
19:
2914:
2910:
2877:
2876:Yaḥyá Nūrī.
2872:
2857:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2823:
2808:
2800:
2745:
2740:
2725:
2720:
2705:
2700:
2685:
2664:
2653:
2619:
2617:Nuqta-yi Ula
2562:
2547:
2510:
2506:
2483:
2472:and then to
2439:
2423:
2382:‘Alī ar-Riḍā
2347:
2331:
2321:
2315:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2266:
2249:
2222:
2109:Umm al-Banin
1838:Second Fitna
1718:Intercession
1708:Judgment Day
1432:Ni'matullāhī
1397:Sülaymaniyya
1382:Maizbhandari
785:Hojatoleslam
723:Ni'matullāhī
698:Qalandariyya
545:Intercession
433:Usul al-fiqh
418:Intercession
274:Twelve Imams
192:
185:
178:
158:
157:
150:
146:
142:
2968:1394 deaths
2963:1340 births
2612:Murād Mīrzā
2602:Shi'a Islam
2507:Khwab-namah
2352:in central
2245:Sunni Islam
2039:Ahl al-Kisa
1954:Qutbi Bohra
1949:Alavi Bohra
1927:Progressive
1853:Persecution
1833:First Fitna
1788:Omar Koshan
1773:Eid al-Adha
1768:Eid al-Fitr
1671:Prophethood
1563:Persecution
1290:Sufi orders
1199:Sufi poetry
894:Sources of
830:Al-Istibsar
738:Scholarship
693:Malamatiyya
671:Sufism and
558:Holy cities
423:Occultation
373:Prophethood
2957:Categories
2750:Toplumunda
2645:References
2607:Nuktawiyya
2554:Miran Shah
2550:Nakhchivan
2530:Azerbaijan
2466:Shaykiyyah
2402:Al-Tustari
2301:Arsh-namah
2293:Nawm-namah
2243:school of
2219:Early life
2094:Umm Salama
2078:Holy women
1666:Holy Books
1661:Monotheism
1637:Shia Islam
1558:Sufi music
1327:Suhrawardi
1317:Naqshbandi
708:Bektashism
363:Monotheism
355:Principles
232:Shia Islam
175:Nakhchivan
173:– 1394 in
112:(formerly)
71:Nakhchivan
48:1339 or 40
2931:225507300
2757:Mülhidler
2753:Zındıklar
2634:Ahmed Lur
2597:Hurufiyya
2558:Tamerlane
2458:Shaykiyya
2450:Sarbadars
2436:Sarbadars
2225:Astarābād
2129:Shahrbanu
2014:Qizilbash
1462:Issawiyya
1437:Qalandari
1402:Salihiyya
1297:Ba 'Alawi
1257:Muraqabah
1236:Practices
919:Consensus
765:Ayatollah
683:Safaviyya
678:Qizilbash
600:Kadhimiya
590:Jerusalem
462:Practices
333:al-Askari
298:al-Sajjad
186:al-Ḥurūfī
183:pseudonym
171:Astarābād
151:Nawnnāmah
100:Astarābād
52:Astarabad
2894:HORUFISM
2762:Istanbul
2706:Imperium
2582:Isma'ili
2571:See also
2526:Khurasan
2454:dynastic
2442:Sabzavar
2415:Muhammad
2410:Muhammad
2374:Luristan
2370:Khwarazm
2326:is that
2324:Ḥurūfism
2046:Muhammad
2002:Bektashi
1978:Satpanth
1912:Musta'li
1907:Isma'ili
1818:Mubahala
1758:Arba'een
1629:a series
1627:Part of
1422:Shattari
1387:Malamati
1337:Khalwati
1322:Shadhili
1302:Bektashi
1272:Whirling
1242:Anasheed
1169:Qalandar
1037:Tomb of
1011:a series
1009:Part of
879:Al-Amali
703:Hurufism
667:Alawites
338:al-Mahdi
313:al-Kazim
308:al-Sadiq
303:al-Baqir
259:Muhammad
228:a series
226:Part of
190:pen name
133:Lettrism
123:Hurufism
118:Movement
88:Children
78:Religion
40:Personal
2747:Osmanlı
2592:Nasīmee
2534:Shirvan
2512:Karamat
2474:Isfahan
2378:Mashhad
2350:Isfahan
2256:dervish
2253:nomadic
2241:Shāfi‘ī
1917:Tayyibi
1888:Shaykhi
1878:Akhbari
1873:Ja'fari
1801:History
1691:Twelver
1686:Ismaili
1681:Imamate
1568:Ziyarat
1553:History
1543:Ma'rifa
1505:Singers
1467:Jerrahi
1457:Inayati
1417:Mevlevi
1412:Kubrawi
1407:Azeemia
1392:Mouridi
1377:Jelveti
1372:Bayrami
1362:Darqawi
1342:Rahmani
1312:Chishti
1277:Ziyarat
1262:Qawwali
1214:Tazkiah
1179:Silsila
1154:Murshid
1139:Ma'rifa
1119:Karamat
1074:Dervish
910:Hadiths
896:ijtihad
790:Ijtihad
775:Allamah
767: (
752: (
673:Alevism
647:Shaykhi
635:Akhbari
625:Ja'fari
595:Samarra
585:Mashhad
580:Karbala
515:Tabarri
510:Tawalli
438:Ijtihad
378:Imamate
368:Justice
328:al-Naqi
323:al-Taqi
318:ar-Rida
264:Fatimah
210:Shirvan
202:Isfahan
163:Persian
2993:Hurufi
2929:
2864:
2815:
2768:
2732:
2712:
2692:
2587:Sufism
2565:Alinja
2538:Tabriz
2505:whose
2490:Tuqchi
2486:mosque
2420:hadith
2406:Bahlul
2307:, the
2144:Narjis
2084:Fatima
2066:Husayn
2056:Fatima
2019:Ishiki
1987:Ghulat
1968:Nizari
1961:Hafizi
1900:Houthi
1848:Origin
1763:Mawlid
1753:Ashura
1723:Clergy
1703:Angels
1538:Haqiqa
1533:Tariqa
1528:Sharia
1523:Tawhid
1477:Zahedi
1472:Madari
1447:Galibi
1442:Akbari
1427:Uwaisi
1367:Senusi
1357:Tijani
1352:Desuqi
1347:Badawi
1332:Rifa`i
1307:Qadiri
1224:Yaqeen
1134:Manzil
1129:Lataif
1099:Haqiqa
1022:Sufism
924:Reason
905:Qur'an
750:Marja'
718:Galibi
713:Rifa`i
618:Groups
570:Medina
443:Taqlid
408:Angels
293:Husayn
218:Turkic
197:Ḥurūfī
188:and a
110:Šāfiʿī
96:Region
56:Gorgan
2927:S2CID
2577:Mahdi
2517:Bible
2462:Mahdi
2390:Jesus
2362:Mecca
2338:abjad
2333:ḥurūf
2279:Works
2237:Yemen
2124:Rubab
2061:Hasan
1997:Alevi
1992:Alawi
1973:Khoja
1895:Zaydi
1883:Usuli
1823:Khumm
1696:Zaydi
1252:Haḍra
1247:Dhikr
1209:Salik
1149:Murid
1144:Maqam
1124:Kashf
1109:Irfan
1104:Ihsan
1084:Fakir
1079:Dhawq
1069:Baqaa
1055:Abdal
1049:Ideas
1015:Islam
760:Hawza
642:Alevi
630:Usuli
575:Najaf
565:Mecca
495:Jihad
490:Khums
485:Zakat
470:Salat
448:Irfan
288:Hasan
193:Nāimī
181:by a
82:Islam
2862:ISBN
2813:ISBN
2766:ISBN
2730:ISBN
2710:ISBN
2690:ISBN
2532:and
2470:Yazd
2404:and
2386:sufi
2358:Hajj
2354:Iran
2229:Iran
1267:Sama
1219:Wali
1174:Qutb
1159:Nafs
1114:Ishq
1089:Fana
769:list
754:list
480:Hajj
475:Sawm
272:The
206:Baku
64:Died
45:Born
2919:doi
2755:ve
2622:Báb
2328:God
2051:Ali
1548:Art
1164:Nūr
1094:Hal
1013:on
912:of
745:Law
605:Qom
283:Ali
230:on
2959::
2925:.
2915:54
2913:.
2807:.
2776:^
2675:^
2567:.
2560:.
2540:.
2528:,
2476:.
2400:,
2396:,
2262::
2227:,
1631:on
165::
149:,
145:,
2933:.
2921::
2624:)
2620:(
2207:e
2200:t
2193:v
1611:e
1604:t
1597:v
993:e
986:t
979:v
771:)
756:)
161:(
58:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.