527:
Oklahoma, Missouri, Washington, the
Dakotas, and elsewhere. The national organization continued under the leadership of National Chairman W.M. Piggott and National Secretary Bert Miller. The group's 1920 Presidential candidate, Parley Parker Christensen, attended the Dec. 12, 1924, meeting of the National Committee of the Conference for Progressive Political Action and was made a member of the committee of arrangements for the CPPA's forthcoming February 21–22, 1925, conference. A Convention of the loyal members of the Farmer–Labor Party was called for that same time and place, where it aimed to cooperate with the CPPA in the formation of a labor party.
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261:
55:
468:
402:, and the National Committee of the Farmer–Labor Party replaced by a new National Executive Committee. The number of organizational members sending delegates necessary for the critical mass necessary to trigger this transformation was agreed by the two subcommittees to be 500,000. It was also agreed that the July 3 Conference should pass a general statement of principles and a resolution calling for the recognition of the
420:
Farmer–Labor Party. In response, the convention was adjourned and the Farmer–Labor Party delegates went into a closed caucus. This caucus returned with a resolution proposing to exclude the
Workers Party from the conference and to ask the conference to accept the 1921 program and constitution of the Farmer–Labor Party without changes. This proposal was made on the floor of the conference by
373:, which met December 11–12, 1922, in Cleveland. The conference defeated a motion to establish an independent political party by a vote of 52–64, with the Socialist and Farmer–Labor Party delegations on the short side. At the close of the conference, the Farmer–Labor Party delegation announced that they would no longer affiliate with the CPPA.
517:
and
William Bouck, respectively. The National Committee of the FLP met in Cleveland on July 4 and elected delegates to the Conference for Progressive Political Action. W.M. Piggott of Utah was re-elected as National Chairman and Bert Martin of Denver as National Secretary. On July 10, 1924, after the
414:
The July 1923 Conference of the FLP was attended by approximately 540 delegates. The
Workers Party seems to have made every effort to capture a majority at the gathering. At the convention itself, it used a disciplined caucus system, with groups of ten on the floor led by a group captain. The Workers
486:
An effort was made by some members of the Farmer–Labor Party of the United States to merge the convention of the FLP with that of the
Conference for Progressive Political Action, an attempt which was unsuccessful. This group also attempted to remove all national political parties from the convention
526:
The demise of the
Federated Farmer–Labor Party did not mean an end to the Farmer–Labor Party movement, however. The regular Farmer–Labor Party continued to exist at the state level, with state and local organizations in Minnesota, Colorado, Utah, Illinois, Kentucky, Montana, New York, Pennsylvania,
482:
A Conference of the Farmer–Labor Party was held in St. Paul on March 11–12, 1924, at which it was decided to hold its next
National Convention on June 17 in that same city. A convention call was issued for that gathering, which called for farmer, labor, and political organizations to send delegates
454:
The notion of a "Federated Farmer–Labor Party" closely paralleled the organizational ideal for a third party then currently being advanced, the
Socialist Party—an organization modelled upon the British Labour Party to which political organizations (like the WPA and the SPA) might affiliate without
419:
made a speech in which he asked the Farmer–Labor Party delegates what they wanted, stating that any concessions would be agreed to save the sacrifice of a federated Farmer–Labor Party itself. Five out of seven seats on the
National Executive Committee of the new organization were offered to the
376:
In March 1923, the Farmer–Labor Party of
Chicago broke away from the CPPA and decided to proceed to the immediate formation of a national Farmer–Labor political organization. Circa May, over the signature of J.G. Brown of the Farmer–Labor Party of the United States there was issued a call for a
428:, who stated that "it would be suicide" to unite "with any organization which advocated other than lawful means to bring about a political change." This resolution was tabled by a vote of approximately 500–40, prompting a walkout by John Fitzpatrick and a group of delegates sharing his views.
385:, The FLP was frustrated with the timidity of the CPPA and the refusal of that organization to enter into independent electoral politics and sought to establish a national organization through other means. The Workers Party was anxious to participate in the FLP Convention as part of their
495:
wrote to the National Committee asking for a vote on the question of holding a convention on July 4 at Cleveland. This convention was not called. Brown resigned as National Secretary, to be replaced on a temporary basis by Robert M. Buck, who soon resigned as well. National Chairman
518:
endorsement of La Follette by the CPPA at Cleveland, a majority of the National Executive Committee withdrew the nominations of MacDonald and Bouck and pledged support to an independent campaign of the Workers Party. By the end of 1924, the Federated FLP had ceased to exist.
389:
strategy. The Socialist Party on the other hand, was extremely hesitant. The SPA carefully considered this matter at its May 19–23, 1923, New York Convention before declining to participate in the FLP Convention, instead seeing the CPPA as the vehicle for a new Labor Party.
490:
There was pressure placed on the Farmer–Labor Party to purge itself of Communists and to postpone its next convention until July 4, 1924, so that it might meet jointly with that of the Conference for Progressive Political Action. On March 18, 1924, National Secretary
455:
losing their independent organizational identity. The Socialist Party sought the establishment of an American "Labor Party" via the CPPA—and failed. The Workers Party successfully "captured" the Farmer–Labor Party organization, only to lose the allegiance of the
224:) adopted the cause of a Labor Party in the fall of that same year. Similar independent Labor Party movements emerged in New York, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Ohio, and North Dakota. These state and local organizations joined in November 1919 in Chicago to form the
483:
provided that they subscribed to a five-point "tentative program" that called for public ownership, government banking, public control of all natural resources, restoration of civil liberties, and the abolition of the use of the injunction in labor disputes.
507:
The June 1924 Convention of the Farmer–Labor Party (in which the Federated Farmer–Labor Party participated as a member organization) was attended by over 500 delegates representing 26 states. The convention discussed the upcoming run of Sen.
2561:
2155:
512:
for president. La Follette, a bitter opponent of the Workers Party of America, did not seek the endorsement of the convention, which proceeded to nominate its own candidates for President and Vice President of the United
397:
met with a sub-committee of the Farmer–Labor Party. These two small groups agreed that if sufficient workers should be represented by delegates to the July 3 Conference, the Farmer–Labor Party should be supplanted by a
192:
caused agricultural prices and workers' wages to fall, while retail prices rose sharply during the war years. Consequently, farmers and workers made common cause in the political sphere to redress their grievances.
231:
One important gathering that was a precursor to the establishment of a national Farmer–Labor Party was the Cooperative Congress, held in Chicago on February 12, 1920. The gathering included participants from the
670:
wrote the song "I Don't Want Your Millions, Mister," in which he sings, "Take the two old parties, mister,/No difference in them I can see./But with a Farmer-Labor party,/We will set the workers free."
2148:
1195:
288:
from voters of the 19 states in which the Farmer–Labor Party was on the ballot. Also during the 1920 election, the Farmer–Labor Party candidate for the United States Senate in Washington state,
501:
2141:
1562:
2108:
432:
415:
Party delegates to the July 3 Conference were guided by a steering committee of the Central Executive Committee. During debate on the organization plan at the conference,
1071:
C.E. Ruthenberg, "Report of the Central Executive Committee," in The Second Year of the Workers Party of America. (Chicago: Literature Department, WPA, 1924), pp. 18–19.
260:
377:"Monster Political Convention of the Workers of America" to meet in Chicago on July 3. The convention call was issued to trade unions, state Farmer–Labor Parties, the
1053:
C.E. Ruthenberg, "Report of the Central Executive Committee," in The Second Year of the Workers Party of America. (Chicago: Literature Department, WPA, 1924), pg. 17.
952:
1397:
2099:
550:
The Farmer–Labor Party continued to exist as a successful state party in Minnesota until 1944, when it merged with the Democratic Party of that state to form the
2581:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
17:
1338:
1918–1941. .11 cubic foot plus 10 items. Contains records from Bouck's running as vice president of the United States on the Farmer-Labor ticket. At the
1199:
784:
2164:
284:
for President of the United States. Christensen finished particularly strongly in Washington, netting over 77,000 votes in that state alone. In total,
2437:
2104:
1949:
714:
2173:
This group includes only pre-1996 parties that fielded a candidate that won greater 0.1% of the popular vote in at least one presidential election
2602:
551:
431:
The Workers Party gained a majority for its program and established a "Federated Farmer–Labor Party" at this convention. Structural iron worker
1416:
497:
492:
289:
1390:
1597:
1137:
1112:
1789:
370:
1874:
1799:
1133:
1108:
982:
168:
1358:
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received 25% of the vote, coming in second place. This was the best performance by the Farmer–Labor Party in a state election outside
2255:
1819:
530:
There were subsequent attempts to reconstitute a national Farmer–Labor Party into the 1930s, without the participation of either the
244:. The congress elected a 12-person All-American Farmer–Labor Cooperative Commission. The event was closely reported in the pages of
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2339:
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2216:
2034:
1859:
1794:
1642:
1383:
535:
285:
2538:
2528:
2464:
1964:
1954:
1924:
1647:
1587:
1582:
1366:
542:
campaigned as the Farmer–Labor Party candidate in a few states. In neither election did the party receive more than 8,000 votes.
209:
1547:
1407:
1089:
Solon DeLeon and Nathan Fine (eds.), The American Labor Year Book, 1925. (NY: Rand School of Social Science, 1925), pp. 145–148
555:
406:. If the 500,000 threshold was not achieved, an Organization Committee for the new federated FLP would instead be established.
1627:
362:. The convention decided to transform the FLP organization into a federated body of labor organizations on the model of the
1939:
1719:
1233:
Darg, Philip Lloyd, "The Farmer-Labor Party In Minnesota Politics: 1918-1948" (PhD dissertation, U of North Dakota 2015).
960:
686:
2533:
1879:
1864:
1532:
1512:
1487:
321:
267:
872:
487:
call—the intended effect being to exclude the Workers (Communist) Party from participation. This effort failed as well.
280:
In July 1920, the Labor Party of the United States changed its name to the Farmer–Labor Party. It nominated Utah lawyer
2576:
2566:
2513:
2508:
1999:
1834:
1829:
1804:
1779:
1607:
1522:
901:
782:
in 1922 but ran for Montana Senate under the Farmer-Labor Party and was an editor for the Farmer-Labor Party newspaper
30:
This article is about the national Farmer–Labor Party of the United States. For the Minnesota branch of the party, see
2282:
2029:
1929:
1889:
1854:
1471:
346:
The 1922 Convention of the Farmer–Labor Party was attended by 72 delegates, representing organizations in 17 states.
305:
2503:
2004:
1914:
1884:
1849:
1622:
1527:
1440:
1433:
811:
399:
212:
strike in Bridgeport developed into a Labor Party in five Connecticut towns in the summer of 1918 and the powerful
197:
116:
101:
31:
2571:
1272:
848:
189:
2543:
1869:
1784:
1492:
767:
2133:
2114:
1844:
1839:
1542:
309:
1959:
1632:
1012:
514:
126:
335:
In November 1921, as part of a lengthy world tour, Parley Parker Christensen obtained two interviews with
2059:
2039:
2019:
1699:
1466:
1451:
719:
425:
421:
217:
213:
2323:
2009:
1979:
1714:
1577:
831:
359:
325:
173:
764:– U.S. Representative from Minnesota, 1917–1919 and 1933–1937, U.S. Senator from Minnesota, 1937–1940.
2074:
2024:
1899:
1769:
1709:
1552:
1502:
313:
163:
339:
in Moscow. The official organ of the Farmer–Labor Party was a newspaper published in Chicago called
2064:
775:
394:
382:
246:
1375:
1352:
681:" and performed it on August 29, 1942, on "Labor for Victory," a joint AFL and CIO on NBC Radio's
2367:
1994:
1537:
1507:
1320:
1223:
Cravens, Hamilton. "The Emergence of the Farmer–Labor Party in Washington Politics, 1919-1920,"
2304:
1667:
1657:
1612:
1602:
1497:
1314:
Radicalism in the States: The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party and the American Political Economy.
208:
One primary contributing stream to the Farmer–Labor movement was the Labor Party movement. An
2445:
2267:
2226:
1934:
1919:
1764:
1759:
1637:
858:
743:
509:
281:
990:
1572:
629:
363:
297:
237:
233:
1335:
8:
2523:
2054:
1774:
1754:
1672:
1662:
1652:
1617:
1517:
789:
779:
749:
737:
648:
378:
301:
35:
1173:
758:– U.S. Senator from Minnesota, 1923–1925; U.S. Representative from Minnesota, 1933–1935.
632:
at various times by four Farmer-Labor senators, either for full terms or partial terms:
443:, was elected as National Secretary of the organization. The WPA's Chicago labor paper,
2548:
2418:
2212:
1894:
1749:
1285:
1244:
539:
456:
416:
148:
1011:
Willis Fletcher Johnso, Roscoe C. E. Brown, Walter Whipple Spooner, and Willis Holly,
534:
or the Socialist Party. Frank Webb was the remnant party's candidate in 1928. For the
2449:
2069:
1592:
1557:
1340:
Labor Archives of Washington, University of Washington Libraries Special Collections.
1278:
Montgomery, David. "The Farmer–Labor Party," in Paul Buhle and Alan Dawley, editors,
731:
682:
678:
436:
393:
In the middle of June 1923, a subcommittee of the Central Executive Committee of the
317:
241:
1339:
752:– Ran for governor in South Dakota in 1922, chaired the state FLP for several years.
2472:
2410:
2308:
2044:
1974:
1969:
1944:
1704:
1567:
1265:
807:
801:
746:- Party's first Presidential candidate. Later became a Los Angeles City Councilman.
690:
636:
355:
138:
270:
Delegates of First National Convention of the Labor Party, 1919, Chicago, Illinois
2395:
2381:
2363:
2290:
2240:
2236:
2222:
2200:
2119:
1984:
1909:
1904:
1824:
1814:
1744:
702:
694:
351:
54:
734:– Minnesota legislator and the 27th Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota, 1933–1935.
2476:
2377:
2349:
2331:
2294:
2263:
2049:
1257:
795:
771:
761:
755:
698:
654:
642:
336:
221:
2163:
2596:
2422:
2391:
1355:
Early American Marxist History] website, Corvallis, OR. Retrieved 2014-10-01.
1295:
674:
347:
2208:
1989:
1739:
740:– U.S. Senator from Minnesota, 1935–1936; Governor of Minnesota, 1937–1939.
403:
386:
329:
251:
1360:
The Grassroots Labor Parties of 1919–1920: A Missed Opportunity for Labor,
1062:
James Oneal, American Communism, (NY: Rand Book Store, 1927), pp. 168–169.
504:
as National Secretary and headquarters were moved from Chicago to Denver.
2353:
2335:
1424:
667:
440:
296:, which would soon become its main stronghold. The party's candidate for
1228:
343:. Editor of this paper was Robert Buck, a Fitzpatrick-Nockles loyalist.
1234:
1026:
James Oneal, American Communism, (NY: Rand Book Store, 1927), pg. 162.
369:
The Farmer–Labor Party sent delegates to the second conference of the
2014:
677:
wrote lyrics for a song "Farmer-Labor Train" with the tune from the "
293:
153:
1305:
Stanley Shapiro, "Hand and Brain: The Farmer–Labor Party of 1920,"
467:
1405:
134:
1292:. Chicago: Literature Department, Workers Party of America, 1924.
835:
814:
during the 1940 election and served another term as a Republican)
689:
of July 22–25, 1948, which nominated former U.S. Vice President
685:. In 1948 transformed into "The Wallace-Taylor Train" for the
1080:
Theodore Draper, American Communism and Soviet Russia, pg. 75.
1035:
Theodore Draper, American Communism and Soviet Russia, pg. 39
1014:
History of the State of New York: Political and Governmental.
531:
447:, was turned over to the FFLP and became its official organ,
1241:
Labor and Farmer Parties in the United States, 1828 - 1928.
2165:
Historical left-wing third-party U.S. presidential tickets
810:– U.S. Senator from Minnesota, 1923–1941 (switched to the
275:
2100:
State and local political parties (without national body)
628:
During the same period, Minnesota was represented in the
554:(DFL). Minnesota elected Farmer-Labor candidates to the
1353:
Farmer–Labor Party (1918–1924): Organizational History,"
929:. New York: Rand School of Social Science, 1929, p. 144.
832:"Answer Man: Historic hotel has link to White House run"
328:
only received 15,086 votes versus 151,246 for Socialist
1251:
Minnesota Farmer-Laborism: The Third Party Alternative.
358:
attended the proceedings as fraternal delegates of the
188:
in the United States emerged in Minnesota in 1918. The
196:
The party dissolved in 1936 and was succeeded by the
1280:
American Workers from the Revolution to the Present.
778:
from 1923 - 1931, would late become a member of the
203:
2562:Third-party performances in presidential elections
1253:Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1979.
1227:vol. 57, no. 4 (October 1966), pp. 148–157.
1198:. Woody Guthrie Publications, Inc. Archived from
2594:
1372:Issue 10, July 1997. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
1243:New York: Rand School of Social Science, 1928.
1162:. Woody Guthrie Publications, Inc. p. 170.
558:in all but one election between 1918 and 1942:
409:
1417:List of political parties in the United States
1309:Vol. 26, No. 3, Summer 1985; pp. 405–422.
1302:vol. 48 (February 21, 1920), pp. 604–606.
1196:"Woody Guthrie American Radical Patriot, 2013"
521:
2149:
1391:
1044:James Oneal, American Communism, pp. 162–163.
459:with which they so eagerly desired to unite.
312:, versus 159,804 for the Socialist candidate
1282:Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985).
1134:"1932 Presidential General Election Results"
1109:"1928 Presidential General Election Results"
715:Progressive Party (United States, 1924–1934)
1316:Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.
1017:The Syracuse Press, 1922; pp. 347–348, 350.
545:
371:Conference for Progressive Political Action
2156:
2142:
1398:
1384:
53:
1325:New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1920; pg. 494.
899:
651:– December 27, 1935, to November 3, 1936
466:
1160:Woody Guthrie: American Radical Patriot
953:"1920 Presidential Election Statistics"
552:Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
471:Ballot logo of the Farmer-Labor Party,
286:Christensen received over 265,000 votes
276:Farmer–Labor Party of the United States
210:International Association of Machinists
46:Farmer–Labor Party of the United States
14:
2595:
1548:Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party
1408:political parties in the United States
1157:
882:. Vol. 8, no. 268. p. 2
666:Folksinger and Farmer-Labor supporter
556:United States House of Representatives
2137:
1379:
925:Solon DeLeon and Nathan Fine (eds.),
861:, v. 29, no. 36 (Dec. 6, 1919), p. 1.
1367:"Profile of the Farmer Labor Party,"
1098:Daily Worker, March 13, 1924, pg. 2.
983:"1920 Presidential Election Results"
942:. New York: Viking, 1960, pp. 29–30.
940:American Communism and Soviet Russia
870:
687:1948 Progressive National Convention
657:– January 3, 1937 to August 31, 1940
1533:Freedom Road Socialist Organization
804:– Governor of Minnesota, 1936–1937.
798:– Governor of Minnesota, 1931–1936.
639:– March 4, 1923, to January 3, 1947
462:
308:, who achieved 69,908 votes in the
24:
2603:Farmer–Labor Party (United States)
2577:Progressivism in the United States
2567:Labor history of the United States
2509:Social Democratic Party of America
2105:Presidential nominating convention
1322:The Foundations of Social Science,
1217:
927:The American Labor Year Book, 1929
871:Work, John M. (October 20, 1919).
725:
25:
18:Farmer–Labor Party (United States)
2614:
1345:
1298:, "The Farmer-Labor Conference,"
1176:. Woody Guthrie Publications, Inc
645:– July 16, 1923, to March 4, 1925
439:although a factional loyalist to
306:Collector of the Port of New York
2504:Socialist Labor Party of America
2095:
2094:
259:
226:Labor Party of the United States
204:Labor Party of the United States
102:Labor Party of the United States
2572:Liberalism in the United States
1273:League for Industrial Democracy
1188:
1166:
1151:
1126:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1029:
1020:
381:, the Socialist Party, and the
190:American entry into World War I
2582:Socialism in the United States
1005:
975:
945:
932:
919:
893:
864:
842:
824:
34:. For the Japanese party, see
13:
1:
2115:Politics of the United States
1290:The Farmer-Labor United Front
818:
768:Charles E. "Red Flag" Taylor
472:
1805:Democratic-Republican (1844)
1633:South Carolina Workers Party
1336:William Morley Bouck Papers.
1270:Toward a Farmer–Labor Party.
1225:Pacific Northwest Quarterly,
873:"Rethinking the Labor Party"
410:Federated Farmer–Labor Party
400:Federated Farmer–Labor Party
198:Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party
117:Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party
114:Federated Farmer–Labor Party
67:; 106 years ago
32:Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party
7:
1329:
1259:The Farmer Takes A Holiday.
853:. A. S. Carm. Published in
720:Wisconsin Progressive Party
708:
693:for U.S. president against
522:National Farmer–Labor Party
426:Chicago Federation of Labor
214:Chicago Federation of Labor
85:; 88 years ago
10:
2619:
1563:National Progressive Party
1488:African People's Socialist
850:The Labor Party Convention
661:
536:1932 Presidential election
360:Socialist Party of America
326:U.S. Senator from New York
29:
2557:
2494:
2463:
2436:
2409:
2322:
2281:
2254:
2199:
2178:
2171:
2087:
2015:States Rights (Dixiecrat)
1732:
1692:
1685:
1480:
1459:
1450:
1423:
1414:
164:Politics of United States
159:
147:
125:
107:
97:
79:
61:
52:
43:
1608:Socialism and Liberation
546:Congressmen and Senators
395:Workers Party of America
240:, trade unions, and the
220:and Secretary-Treasurer
27:American political party
2529:Socialist Workers Party
1885:National States' Rights
1740:American (Know Nothing)
1588:Progressive Labor Party
1319:James Mickel Williams,
1262:Exposition Press, 1967.
957:www.uselectionatlas.org
149:Political position
2305:William Jennings Bryan
1613:Serve America Movement
1603:Renew America Movement
1312:Richard M. Valelly,
479:
449:The Farmer–Labor Voice
304:, a former Democratic
2446:Robert M. La Follette
2368:George R. Kirkpatrick
2268:Charles E. Cunningham
2227:Barzillai J. Chambers
2020:Traditionalist Worker
1700:Democratic-Republican
1638:Social Democrats, USA
1628:Socialist Alternative
1158:Nowlin, Bill (2013).
902:"A Yankee Convention"
859:Socialist Labor Party
744:Parley P. Christensen
510:Robert M. La Follette
470:
282:Parley P. Christensen
238:farmers organizations
1875:National Renaissance
1800:Constitutional Union
1370:Buttons and Ballots,
1363:Socialist Organizer.
1249:Gieske, Millard L.
1174:"Farmer-Labor Train"
993:on 30 September 2007
907:. Marxisthistory.org
630:United States Senate
364:British Labour Party
298:Governor of New York
234:cooperative movement
2524:Communist Party USA
2075:Youth International
2025:Unconditional Union
1930:Populist (People's)
1840:Independence (2007)
1835:Independence (1906)
1795:Constitution (1952)
1770:American Vegetarian
1710:National Republican
1553:Legal Marijuana Now
1503:American Solidarity
1256:Luoma, Everett E.:
987:uselectionatlas.org
838:. October 26, 2016.
750:Alice Lorraine Daly
738:Elmer Austin Benson
649:Elmer Austin Benson
379:Non-Partisan League
302:Dudley Field Malone
36:Farmer-Labour Party
2549:New Alliance Party
2519:Farmer–Labor Party
2514:Independence Party
2465:Progressive (1948)
2438:Progressive (1924)
2419:Theodore Roosevelt
1955:Progressive (1948)
1950:Progressive (1924)
1945:Progressive (1912)
1880:National Socialist
1860:Liberal Republican
1830:Human Rights Party
1790:Communist Workers'
1643:Socialist Equality
1202:on 11 January 2018
701:(Dixiecrats), and
480:
457:mass organizations
445:The Voice of Labor
435:, a son-in-law of
216:(led by President
186:Farmer–Labor Party
2590:
2589:
2497:left-wing parties
2490:
2489:
2450:Burton K. Wheeler
2131:
2130:
2083:
2082:
2000:Social Democratic
1995:Silver Republican
1965:Radical Democracy
1960:Proletarian Party
1728:
1727:
1681:
1680:
1648:Socialist Workers
1538:Freedom Socialist
1508:Christian Liberty
1275:, New York. 1938.
938:Theodore Draper,
855:The Weekly People
785:The Poducers News
732:Konrad K. Solberg
679:Wabash Cannonball
437:William Z. Foster
322:party's candidate
318:Rose Schneiderman
242:Plumb Plan League
184:The first modern
182:
181:
169:Political parties
108:Succeeded by
16:(Redirected from
2610:
2473:Henry A. Wallace
2309:Thomas E. Watson
2197:
2196:
2193:running mate(s))
2191:(candidate(s) /
2158:
2151:
2144:
2135:
2134:
2098:
2097:
2010:Socialist (1901)
1730:
1729:
1690:
1689:
1668:Working Families
1623:Socialist Action
1618:Socialist (1973)
1568:Progressive Dane
1498:American Freedom
1457:
1456:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1377:
1376:
1266:Harry W. Laidler
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1136:. Archived from
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1111:. Archived from
1105:
1099:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1081:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
989:. Archived from
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
959:. Archived from
949:
943:
936:
930:
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
906:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
880:Milwaukee Leader
877:
868:
862:
846:
840:
839:
828:
812:Republican Party
808:Henrik Shipstead
802:Hjalmar Petersen
770:– Member of the
691:Henry A. Wallace
637:Henrik Shipstead
477:
474:
463:1924 conferences
422:John Fitzpatrick
356:Otto Branstetter
341:The New Majority
314:Joseph D. Cannon
263:
218:John Fitzpatrick
139:Social democracy
98:Preceded by
93:
91:
86:
75:
73:
68:
57:
41:
40:
21:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2553:
2496:
2486:
2459:
2432:
2405:
2396:James H. Maurer
2382:Seymour Stedman
2364:Allan L. Benson
2318:
2291:James B. Weaver
2277:
2250:
2241:Absolom M. West
2237:Benjamin Butler
2223:James B. Weaver
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2174:
2167:
2162:
2132:
2127:
2124:
2120:Politics portal
2079:
2005:Socialist Labor
1985:Red Guard Party
1935:Personal Choice
1870:National (1917)
1765:American (1969)
1760:American (1924)
1745:Americans Elect
1724:
1686:Defunct parties
1677:
1476:
1446:
1419:
1410:
1404:
1351:Tim Davenport,
1348:
1332:
1286:C.E. Ruthenberg
1220:
1218:Further reading
1215:
1205:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1156:
1152:
1143:
1141:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
981:
980:
976:
966:
964:
951:
950:
946:
937:
933:
924:
920:
910:
908:
904:
898:
894:
885:
883:
875:
869:
865:
847:
843:
830:
829:
825:
821:
776:Sheridan County
728:
726:Notable members
711:
705:(Republicans).
703:Thomas E. Dewey
695:Harry S. Truman
664:
568:1920 – No seats
548:
524:
515:Duncan McDonald
500:then appointed
475:
465:
417:C.E. Ruthenberg
412:
352:Seymour Stedman
278:
273:
272:
271:
269:
264:
206:
178:
143:
137:
121:
115:
89:
87:
84:
71:
69:
66:
48:
47:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2616:
2606:
2605:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2544:Citizens Party
2541:
2539:People's Party
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2477:Glen H. Taylor
2469:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2442:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2415:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2389:
2378:Eugene V. Debs
2375:
2361:
2350:Eugene V. Debs
2347:
2332:Eugene V. Debs
2328:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2302:
2295:James G. Field
2287:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2264:Alson Streeter
2260:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2234:
2220:
2213:Samuel F. Cary
2205:
2203:
2194:
2185:one percent of
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2102:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2060:Young Patriots
2057:
2052:
2050:White Panthers
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1925:People's Party
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1865:Liberty (1840)
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1820:Gold Democrats
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1720:National Union
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1463:
1461:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1429:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1364:
1356:
1347:
1346:External links
1344:
1343:
1342:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1317:
1310:
1307:Labor History,
1303:
1293:
1283:
1276:
1263:
1254:
1247:
1239:Fine, Nathan.
1237:
1231:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1187:
1165:
1150:
1125:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1004:
974:
963:on 7 June 2006
944:
931:
918:
900:Robert Minor.
892:
863:
841:
822:
820:
817:
816:
815:
805:
799:
796:Floyd B. Olson
793:
772:Montana Senate
765:
762:Ernest Lundeen
759:
756:Magnus Johnson
753:
747:
741:
735:
727:
724:
723:
722:
717:
710:
707:
699:Strom Thurmond
663:
660:
659:
658:
655:Ernest Lundeen
652:
646:
643:Magnus Johnson
640:
626:
625:
620:
615:
610:
608:1936 – 5 seats
605:
603:1934 – 3 seats
600:
598:1932 – 5 seats
595:
590:
585:
583:1926 – 2 seats
580:
578:1924 – 3 seats
575:
573:1922 – 2 seats
570:
565:
547:
544:
523:
520:
464:
461:
411:
408:
337:Vladimir Lenin
310:state election
277:
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266:
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222:Edward Nockels
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63:
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50:
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26:
9:
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2534:Liberty Party
2532:
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2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
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2502:
2501:
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2495:Other notable
2493:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2424:
2423:Hiram Johnson
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2392:Norman Thomas
2390:
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2383:
2379:
2376:
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2300:
2296:
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2238:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2177:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:White Patriot
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:Patriot Party
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1775:Black Panther
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:American Nazi
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:Third parties
1731:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:Major parties
1691:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1673:Workers World
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:Working Class
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:Transhumanist
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1543:Forward Party
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1528:Freedom Party
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1452:Third parties
1449:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1425:Major parties
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1296:Carl Sandburg
1294:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1175:
1169:
1161:
1154:
1140:on 2016-12-28
1139:
1135:
1129:
1115:on 2017-02-11
1114:
1110:
1104:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1016:
1015:
1008:
992:
988:
984:
978:
962:
958:
954:
948:
941:
935:
928:
922:
903:
896:
881:
874:
867:
860:
856:
852:
851:
845:
837:
833:
827:
823:
813:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
787:
786:
781:
777:
773:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
729:
721:
718:
716:
713:
712:
706:
704:
700:
697:(Democrats),
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
675:Woody Guthrie
672:
669:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
634:
633:
631:
624:
623:1942 – 1 seat
621:
619:
618:1940 – 1 seat
616:
614:
613:1938 – 1 seat
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
593:1930 – 1 seat
591:
589:
588:1928 – 1 seat
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
563:1918 – 1 seat
561:
560:
559:
557:
553:
543:
541:
537:
533:
528:
519:
516:
511:
505:
503:
499:
494:
488:
484:
469:
460:
458:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
433:Joseph Manley
429:
427:
423:
418:
407:
405:
401:
396:
391:
388:
384:
383:Workers Party
380:
374:
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:Victor Berger
344:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
268:
262:
255:
253:
249:
248:
247:The Liberator
243:
239:
235:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
201:
199:
194:
191:
187:
175:
172:
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167:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
150:
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140:
136:
133:
132:
130:
128:
124:
118:
113:
112:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
82:
78:
64:
60:
56:
51:
42:
37:
33:
19:
2518:
2209:Peter Cooper
2189:popular vote
2187:the national
2183:won at least
2181:tickets that
2179:Presidential
2040:Union (1936)
2035:Union (1861)
2030:Union (1850)
1895:New Alliance
1855:Labor (1996)
1850:Labor (1919)
1810:Farmer–Labor
1809:
1750:Anti-Masonic
1523:Constitution
1439:
1432:
1369:
1359:
1321:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1289:
1279:
1269:
1258:
1250:
1240:
1224:
1204:. Retrieved
1200:the original
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1168:
1159:
1153:
1142:. Retrieved
1138:the original
1128:
1117:. Retrieved
1113:the original
1103:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1013:
1007:
995:. Retrieved
991:the original
986:
977:
965:. Retrieved
961:the original
956:
947:
939:
934:
926:
921:
909:. Retrieved
895:
884:. Retrieved
879:
866:
854:
849:
844:
826:
783:
673:
665:
627:
549:
529:
525:
506:
498:W.M. Piggott
493:Jay G. Brown
489:
485:
481:
453:
448:
444:
430:
413:
404:Soviet Union
392:
387:united front
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2336:Ben Hanford
2256:Union Labor
2070:Young Lords
1890:Natural Law
1593:Prohibition
1472:Libertarian
1206:5 September
1180:5 September
683:Red Network
668:Jim Garland
540:Jacob Coxey
502:Bert Martin
476: 1924
441:John Pepper
2411:Bull Moose
2045:U.S. Labor
1980:Red Guards
1975:Readjuster
1970:Raza Unida
1915:Opposition
1780:Boston Tea
1705:Federalist
1441:Republican
1434:Democratic
1144:2018-10-08
1119:2018-10-08
997:14 January
967:14 January
886:2014-10-01
819:References
790:Plentywood
316:. However
2324:Socialist
2201:Greenback
1910:Nullifier
1905:New Union
1900:New Party
1825:Greenback
1815:Free Soil
1573:Marijuana
1518:Communist
1406:National
911:8 October
294:Minnesota
174:Elections
154:Left-wing
80:Dissolved
2597:Category
2283:Populist
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1330:Archives
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