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1353:. The stretches between Maroua and Kousséri, Maroua and Mokolo, and Maroua south to Garoua are tarred. Away from these more travelled thoroughfares, roads in the Far North are unpaved and can be quite rough. This is particularly true in the Mandara Mountains, where large stones litter the roadway. Motorcycles are often one of the few options for travel to more remote destinations. These vehicles also serve as the primary taxi service in town. Access to petrol is another problem, as supplies often run out during the rainy season. Merchants often hike or bicycle into Nigeria to obtain cheaper fuel there for resale in Cameroon. A major obstacle to road travel in recent years is increased road banditry.
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454:, fluctuating between high water in the wet season (May to September) and low water in the dry season (October to April). At the height of the dry season, many of the waterways disappear completely or else diminish to a mere trickle. The Logone all but disappears during the wet season. The low elevation of the Chad basin (200–500 metres) causes flooding during the wet season; the Logone is especially prone to this, and much of its basin is marshlike conditions along its length during the wet season. Even during the dry season, some of these remain, called
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45:
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808:. Another area of high density is the Mandara Mountains, a legacy of the Fulani conquest of the past, in the Diamaré plain, and at the Logone-Chari confluence and up to Lake Chad. The remainder of the province is moderately populated, and the Logone valley and the Chari division are sparsely populated until about the level of Kousséri. Since independence, much of the Far North's population has been migrating to large population centres, particularly Maroua and
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218:
569:
556:, with higher rainfalls of 900 to 1,500 mm (35 to 59 in) per year. Temperatures average 26 °C (79 °F), except for the Chad Basin, where they climb to 28 °C (82 °F). Actual temperatures of course fluctuate with the seasons, however. At Kousséri, for example, there is an 8.9 °C (16.0 °F) difference between January (23.5 °C (74.3 °F)) and August (32.4 °C (90.3 °F)).
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from
January to April, torrentially rainy from April to June, and cool and sporadically wet from June to November. In the Sahel zone, the wet periods are shorter, lasting only five to seven months in the south but shortening toward Lake Chad. Temperatures reach their highest levels from January to May. Beginning at about 11° N, the province only experiences about 25 to 30 rainy days each year.
669:. Those areas that have higher rainfall—south of 10&729 N and the Mandara Mountains—have thicker grasses and more and larger trees. Here the shrubs have thick bark to withstand the fires that sometimes ravage the area during the dry season. The frequently flooded Logone Valley and the perimeter of Lake Chad also support thicker and taller fields of grasses.
1842:. The Germans invaded Maroua and set up another administrative unit there. The area was otherwise largely ignored, as the crops available were not as lucrative as the rubber and ivory found in the jungles to the south. The only real way to get in or out was along the Benue River, which travelled through British-controlled Nigeria.
1646:, and from there expanded in the region. Islam reached Kanem early, and the rulers converted in the 11th century. Kanem-Bornu strengthened as an Islamic stronghold, and the population converted as well. Embassies were traded with North African states, and trade increased. The rulers launched a series of conquests, culminating in
1794:. Their goal was to explore the land south of Lake Chad. Richardson died at Lake Chad in 1851. The others arrived at the Mandara Mountains and then explored Uba, the northernmost Fulani settlement in the Adamawa Emirate then continued on to Yola. Overweg died in 1852, but by 1855, Barth was back in England, where he published
776:, houses tend to follow the modern model of concrete walls and metal roof. Though house construction differs from people to people, the most common type is a small building with a small entryway under a conical roof covered in palm leaves or thatching. Builders make walls from locally available materials, so the
1834:, the area was subdued. The region became part of the administrative units ruled from Garoua and Mora. Much of the local administration was left in the hands of the lamidos. The Germans placed the Wandala and the Kirdi under the jurisdiction of these Fulani rulers. In 1903, the German Resident at Maroua,
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Fulani herdsmen migrated into the territory from the west beginning in the 13th century. The earliest of these settled as minorities in pre-existing population centres, but by the 17th century, Fulani-only settlements had been established. A conversion to Islam only strengthened Fulani identity, and
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or privately hired motorcycle drivers. Motorcycle taxis are the primary means of travelling about in the large towns. Travel on the open road has in recent years been curtailed by increases in road banditry. These outlaws often ambush buses or bush taxis and rob all passengers. Air travel is another
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Most of the Far North lies at a relatively low elevation. This lower-lying portion makes up part of the Chad Plain and slopes gently from about 500 metres in the southwest to 200 metres at the Logone River. The average elevation of this basin is 280 metres. The Diamaré Plain occupies the lower third
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The province is also home to a number of lakes. The most prominent of these is Lake Chad. The lake was formed by a tectonic depression that has since been filled in by the area's rivers. However, over time, these rivers have deposited sediment as well, making Lake Chad nearly disappear in the past.
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In
December 2021, dwindling of water resources around Lake Chad led to clash between Arab Choa herders and Mousgoum and Massa farmers. The clash was started in border village of Ouloumsa and then spread to other part of the region. At least 44 people are dead, 111 injured, and 112 villages burned
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origin. Even the span of their civilisation is in dispute, with various estimates putting their rise at some point between the 5th and 8th century and their fall between the 8th and 15th century. The prevailing opinion among scholars, however, dates them to no later than the 10th century. At this
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The Far North has two seasons: one dry, and one wet. These are further broken down based on average temperatures, yielding four distinct periods in the Sudan area: dry and relatively cool from
November to January as the province experiences a shade of winter from climes further north, dry and hot
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began to arrive, setting up a Bible school at Yagoua and a printing press for religious literature in Kaélé. The French improved the roads and built an airstrip at Maroua. In 1931, they introduced a higher-yielding form of cotton. They also began SEMRY, a rice-growing project in the Logone-Chari
1809:
explored the Chad Basin and the
Mandara Mountains. They noted the potential commercial benefits of the area to Germany. In 1868, Nachtigal returned, reaching Lake Chad basin in June 1870. He stayed three years as a guest of the Sultan of Bornu, noting the groups around and their relations to one
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overland and reached Lake Chad in 1822. Denham then explored the lake while
Clapperton and Oudney followed the Chari River. Denham accompanied the Bornu and Mandara army in its attack on Fulani in Mosfei, north of Maroua in April 1823. He was captured, but managed to escape as his Fulani captors
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by 1810. He then took the Dulo, the
Mandara capital, but the Mandarawa counterattacked and recaptured it. Bornu and Mandara allied against the Fulani invaders; meanwhile, several of Mandara's pagan vassal states rebelled. Bornu took advantage of Mandara's weakness and burnt Dulo. The Fulani took
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of the Tupuri. During the ritual, the nephew of the head of a family kills a cock and throws its head into the fire. The head is said to always land on its right side. The Dance of the Cock is another Tupuri affair. A museum of local art is in Maroua, which houses Sao, Tupuri, Musgum, and Fulani
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Village farmers typically sow in concentric circles around the farm. Hedges surround the farm to keep away animals. Farming tools are typically simple hoes, sickles, knives, and machetes. Farmland is burnt during the dry season, then crops are planted at the first rains. These farms can be quite
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they joined the
Massina Fulani to convert the Kirdi to Islam. The Bororo Fulani, tall, thin nomads with lighter complexions than their sedentary kin, drive herds of cattle through this region, though they also move through most of the northern strip of land between Nigeria and Chad, as well. The
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received three Muslim missionaries and converted to their faith. The
Mandara would largely convert to Islam over the next 200 years. Boukar also ended Bornu influence in Mandara when he defeated a Bornu expedition sometime in the late 18th or early 19th century. He launched further conquests on
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In
February 1916, France became the colonial head of the area. The territory was placed in the Mora-Garoua administrative unit, headed at Garoua. France allowed the lamidos to keep their power, but it also overthrew any who refused to comply with French mandates. They set up independent Kirdi
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live south of
Kotokoland, between Waza National Park and Chad. More distantly related groups include the Kera, with a small territory on the southern border with Chad, the Massa, who occupy the tip of the province's beak, including Yagoua, and the Musaya, on the Chad border at Dom village.
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in English, often preside over particular ethnic groups or villages; nevertheless, many of these wield very little power today, the chiefs' compounds serving as little more than tourist attractions. In contrast, traditional Fulani leaders, known as lamibe, retain much of their influence.
552:, and rainfall is a relatively small 400 to 900 mm (16 to 35 in) per year, with rains falling a bit more frequently in the Mandara region. South of 10°, the region west of the Mayo Kébi and south to the border with Chad, in the Cameroonian beak. Here, climate is tropical of the
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The Fulani (Fulbe) make up a large portion of the Far North's population. The heart of the province is primarily Fulani territory, and Maroua is mostly a Fulani settlement. They also occupy smaller pieces of land south of there, one along the border with Chad, and one to the southeast.
1918:. In January 2015, many schools in the Far North did not re-open after the Christmas vacation, and it was reported that "Thousands of teachers, students and pupils have fled schools located along the border due to bloody confrontations between the Cameroon military and suspected
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Cameroon was granted independence on 1 January 1960 with Ahmadou Ahidjo its president. Under his rule, SODECOTON was set up, as was the Société de Développement et d'Exploitation des Production Animales (SODEPA) set up to improve ranching in 1974. Another was SEMRY in 1971. Upon
1349:. It continues north and east through Mora and on toward Kousséri and then veers northwest into Nigeria. This road is tarred as far north as Kousséri. National Road 12 handles traffic between Maroua and Yagoua, and National Road 14 goes between Mora west to Nigeria via
1098:. The Kirdi peoples resisted Islam in the 19th century, though today many of these have been Islamized and Christianized at least partially. However, most groups have converted more fully to Islam. The Fulani are dominant politically and religiously in the province.
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The Fulani eventually came to rule the territory, with the exceptions of Mandara, Kotoko, and various Kirdi ethnic groups that had fled to the mountains and swamps. The region had been depopulated by war, slavery, and disease. Adama set up government over this new
1681:. They were eventually split, as the northern Kotoko became a vassal state of the Kanem Empire, while the southerners paid tribute but remained mostly independent with their capital at Logone-Birni. This part of the kingdom would eventually be Islamicised as well.
439:. The Mayo Tsanaga rises south and west of the El Béïd's source and moves eastward at the north of the Diamaré Depression. The Logone rises west of the territory and flows north to form most of the border between the Far North and Chad. It eventually meets the
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in the Logone valley and around Lake Chad as early as the 5th century. Little is known about the Sao, except that they were copper and ironworkers and, legend says, fearsome giants. Legends of later peoples claimed that the Sao were descendants of the
1747:. The Mandara Mountains and the swampy confluence of the Logone and Chari rivers supported the highest population density, as many peoples had fled the Neo-Sudanese and Fulani invasions by taking refuge on higher ground. The region was part of a
1449:(traditional rulers) as enjoying great leeway from the government, which allows them to keep private prisons and administer justice as they see fit. Government prisons are no better, especially those given over to holding suspected road bandits.
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destinations. Waza National Park is the pre-eminent wildlife park in Cameroon, and it is well managed with knowledgeable guides and rentable rooms on the premises. The wildlife there is relatively easy to see, and, of Cameroon's wildlife parks,
640:) is a smaller protected area, which protects 45 km in the narrow neck of land separating Nigeria and Chad at the province's northernmost reaches. This park protects those species that routinely traverse Cameroon in their yearly migrations.
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The Far North is very much divided between Muslim and non-Muslim. This manifests in the form of prejudice against non-Muslims, especially in rural areas. Moreover, the Kirdi groups remain disadvantaged socially, educationally, and economically.
1692:, which would become their capital. Civil war erupted after this conquest, and an appeal was made to the ruler of Bornu in 1614 to settle it. The resulting settlement established Bornu as an important influence over Mandara. In 1715, King
1902:
accession to the presidency, Moussa Yaya was accused of stirring up the lamidos against him. The UNDP is a Fulani-based party, but the CPDM is careful to support their interests. In 1983, the Grand North was split into three provinces.
1235:, however, as the arid conditions make watering large animals difficult and large population centres make fields scarce. Maroua has emerged as an important centre for animal raisers, with both a cattle market and a veterinary centre.
536:. The part of the range that lies within the Far North is on a middle plateau at about 800–900 metres. Isolated mountains continue into the Diamaré Plain. The mountains' northern extent is hilly, dissected by a number of rivers.
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Adama focused first on areas south. Then he turned his attentions toward the Mandara kingdom. Many soldiers who had fought Mandara in previous engagements in 1808 joined his ranks. Adama first attacked from the south and took
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in the North Province. The area was once volcanically active, as a number of freestanding necks of trachyte and rhyolite of extinct volcanoes attest. The most spectacular of these lie in the valley by the tourist village of
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time, eastern invaders entered the Chad Basin and conquered them. The Sao likely disappeared through intermarriage with this and other groups. Many of the current ethnic groups in the Far North claim descent from the Sao.
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The province is Cameroon's fourth most densely populated, with 1,855,695 people and an average of 54 inhabitants per km. Most of this population lives in the corridor between Maroua, which has 214,000 inhabitants, and
464:. The El Beïd and Serbewel Rivers drain these marshy areas into Lake Chad. The Diamaré Plain, part of the Chad plain, occupies the southeastern third of the province. It is not as prone to flooding due to a number of
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The Zumaya (sedentary Fulani group who reached the department of Diamare before the arrival of Massina Fulani) had first established their kingdom (Wouro-Laamorde) at Kalaki (Wouro Zangui). With the beginning of the
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are scattered in very inaccessible localities in the north of Cameroon, and many who refuse to be registered and stay in camps are still at the mercy of the sect, and are seen as threat to local security".
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during the Fulani conquest of the 19th century. Many of these Kirdi today live in the province's mountainous western border, as this areas was more easily defensible against the Fulani invaders. The various
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1424:, which convey details such as marital status. The Mandara Mountains are another major draw, as they offer hiking and striking views. This is most evident at Rhumsiki, where the "much photographed"
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The status of the province's wildlife remains uncertain, as corruption has allowed even these protected areas to be used by poachers. Some villages have embraced the animals, however. The town of
1877:
in 1957. One of these stated that northern French Cameroon was to be "democratised", which the lamidos read to mean that their power would be curtailed. The northern territories threatened to
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The Far North has few hospitals. These are located in Mokolo, Maroua, Logone-Birni, Bini, Kousséri, and Waza. Furthermore, many of the inhabitants cannot afford Western medicines. Three
1565:
outbreaks have occurred in the Far North since 2010, in 2010, 2011, and 2014, as sanitation and access to clean drinking water became more difficult due to extended drought conditions.
1630:
who arrived in the area in several waves. Another theory makes them the original inhabitants of the Chad basin, traditionally an oasis to the north of the basin. They may have been of
1776:
argued over his clothing. Oudney died in 1823. Clapperton and Denham regrouped near the Mandara Mountains and returned to England in 1825. They published their adventures in 1826 as
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The Far North's soils are a bit more complex. Much of the province is composed of young soils rich in raw minerals. This is true of much of the land south of Lake Chad, and of the
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1938:, and Chadian Red Cross are deployed to assist the refugee. The situation are subsided after intervention from Cameroonian forces, but isolated incident are remain in the region.
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Another of the Far North's draws is the picturesque scenery. Dozens of small villages dot the province, and each of these provides its own unique draws for the tourist.
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Sustenance farming serves as the primary occupation for most Far North residents. Crops vary from area to area. Far to the south, planters may raise root crops such as
1857:
attacked Germans at Mora, but was repulsed after a two-day fight. Captain Von Reuben continued the resistance, but he succumbed to the Anglo-French allies eventually.
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1318:, who work primarily with cotton. Rice processing forms the final prong of the province's industry. Much of this hulling is done through SEMRY in Yagoua. Limestone
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nearby, as the long dry season prevents year-round food cultivation. Concentric farms surround the settlement, these surrounded by hedges to keep livestock away.
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636:), which occupies 1700 km. The park was created in 1968, and has since grown to be one of Cameroon's largest tourist attractions. Kalamaloué National Park (
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The Mandara Mountains at the southwestern border with Nigeria form the highest point, lying between 500 and 1000 metres, with an average of about 900 metres.
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are home to the Budumu and to fishermen from Cameroon, Chad, and Nigeria, most of whom earn their living in this fashion. The Logone is also heavily fished.
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on the western border with Nigeria. Soil here is black clay (alluvial soil). The seasonal flooding of the Logone River gives rise to a north–south band of
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will occur, depriving Lake Chad of one of its major sources. Much of Lake Chad evaporates each year and must be replaced by rains from the wet season.
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628:, and others. Centuries of human habitation have today forced these species back to a few protected areas and national parks. Foremost among these is
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This is a cause of concern, since when the Logone and Mayo KĂ©bi flood, they meet. This diverts water from the Logone to the KĂ©bi, and ultimately the
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weave walls of straw. The head of a particular household or lineage often builds several small houses within a single, walled compound called a
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are in Maroua and northwest and in the Mandara Mountains. The seasonal flooding of the Logone River and Mayo Tsanaga supports large fields of
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Bornu in 1845, and the weakened Mandarawa eventually fell to Fulani aggression in 1893. Adama took Maroua in battles from 1808 to 1813.
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507:, south of the town of the same name at the eastern border, is an artificial body of 6,000 square metres. It is known for its fishing.
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Each ethnic group in the province celebrates its own traditional festivals and holidays. Among the Fulani, the chief among these are
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Buses service the more traveled destinations, especially the road south from Maroua to Garoua. Smaller destinations are reachable by
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In 1884, Germany took nominal control over the territory. They sent an army north and met with Fulani resistance. With the fall of
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makes up the province's primary vegetation. Most of the area is thus covered in thin grasses punctuated by thorny shrubs such as
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in the Far North. In response, the Cameroonian government, with aid from various non-governmental organisations, has begun
44:
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Human activities such as burning of fields, chopping down trees, and overgrazing of cattle have exacerbated the problem of
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in particular were frequently traded in exchange for horses and salt. The Kanem-Bornu Empire lasted until 1893, when the
1373:. Maroua has a regional airport. Riverain transport is possible along the Logone and Chari Rivers during rainy season.
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basin. The Louti rises in the Mandaras, passing and swelling the KĂ©bi in the North Province. The KĂ©bi rises south of
357:, a mountainous field littered by the cores of extinct volcanoes, constitutes a small area of volcanic rock, such as
209:
1190:(SEMRY), which operates some 129 km of rice fields. Elsewhere, cotton is the most lucrative cash crop. Both
2617:". 23 February 2001. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. U.S. Department of State. Accessed 27 June 2006.
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party rejected the resolutions, and Ahidjo used the issue to gain leverage and replace Mbida as prime minister.
1706:
by 1804, population pressures were driving Fulani herdsmen to seek new territory in which to lead their cattle.
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Many of the Nigerians who have fled into Cameroon prefer to stay with friends and family near the border areas.
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speakers make up a smaller group, with about 169,700 members in the country in 1982. These are broken into the
503:, which exists only during the seasonal flooding of the Logone; during the dry season, it is at best a swamp.
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Cameroon History for Secondary Schools and Colleges, Vol. 1: From Prehistoric Times to the Nineteenth Century.
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Fulani are primarily nomadic, though they do establish some semi-permanent settlements for the old or infirm.
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forms the greatest share of the Far North's geology. These deposits follow the province's rivers, such as the
1935:
1850:
1688:. Over the next hundred years, they fought wars of expansion against their neighbours, eventually capturing
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Three major roads service the Far North. National Road 1 enters the province from the south via Yaoundé and
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1554:, UNDP) with its large base of Fulani supporters. The UNDP is largely Fulani-based today, but the ruling
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are common in the province, although these are usually employed as beasts of burden. Farmers also raise
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Evidence of human habitation has been found in the Chad basin and at sites near Maroua and Mokolo. The
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These are in turn broken down into subdivisions. Presidentially appointed senior divisional officers (
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is a major population centre, and over a dozen ethnic groups live in small areas there. These are the
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1114:"There are 8,128 Nigerian refugees in Cameroon's Far North Region, but only 5,289 are registered by
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The Mandarawa settled the Mandara Mountains in the 15th century. They coalesced into state, called
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680:. The project aims to reverse the effects of desertification by reintroducing trees to the region.
443:, which also rises in Chad. The Chari forms the remainder of the Chad-Cameroon border beginning at
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chiefdoms to discourage animosity between the Islamic and non-Islamic peoples in the territory.
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is common, especially in the Diamaré Plain, though it grows poorly in the swampy Logone valley.
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The whole territory of the Far North Province was once home to most of Africa's iconic species:
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A number of rivers criss-cross the territory, many of them rising in the Mandara Mountains. The
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Rice is the primary moneymaker for farmers in the Logone valley. This is largely due to the
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is the highest point, at 1,442 metres. These mountains likely arose as a result of the same
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Vubem, Fred (12 June 2006). "Cameroun: Women Seek Legislation Against Genital Mutilation".
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1432:, because, as Hudgens and Trillo put it, "herever you look, the scenery is breathtaking."
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lie just east of this border grouping. The southern border of the province is home to the
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raisers. Bororo herds roam much of the Far North and often wind up far south for sale in
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extensive, as in the Mandara Mountains area. Here, farms climb up the mountain slopes in
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2354:"Cameroon: Recurrent Cholera Outbreak in Far North Cameroon Highlights Development Gaps"
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groups from the east and west forced the Paleo-Sudanese into the Mandara Mountains. The
1200:(SODECOTON) is the main government body working to improve cotton yields in the region.
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855:, whose territories lie adjacent to one another on the southern border with Chad. The
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down with more than 100.000 people are displaced with at least 85.000 people fled to
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Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa, 1822, 1823, 1824
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operate in Guider, Mora, Mokolo, Maroua, Yagoua, and Kaélé. SODECOTON also operates
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grow all over, though millet tends to grow better than sorghum in arid conditions.
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led a British expedition to the Chad Basin in 1851. He was accompanied by Germans
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Fishing is an important way of life for the peoples who live along Lake Chad. The
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lie southwest in smaller territories. Although not part of the Mandara group, the
859:, on the western border between Nigeria and Waza Park, are the sole speakers of a
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calls it the "probably the best site for savannah game viewing in West Africa".
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The province is one of Cameroon's most culturally diverse. Over 50 different
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peoples are the earliest known inhabitants of the territory. The arrival of
1266:. Much of this revolves around cattle and related products, particularly in
1231:. Animal husbandry is less prevalent in the Far North than in the North and
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peoples live in the strip between Nigeria and Chad. This group includes the
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With the exception of the Fulani herders, most people in the Far North are
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863:. They numbered about 56,500 individuals in 1982. Some 63,000 semi-nomadic
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of the Chad plain and is characterised by a number of isolated inselbergs.
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1215:. Other ethnic groups are today becoming more involved in cattle raising.
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lie primarily in the Mandara Mountains along the border with Nigeria. The
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houses a diverse number of monkey and reptile species within 14 km.
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2532:"Nigeria: Boko Haram - Cameroon Military Vows to Protect Border Schools"
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Other groups in the territory also formed kingdoms, such as that of the
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1070:, Logone, Makari, and the Kotoko proper, and the Kuseri and Maltam. The
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392:. The province's dry/wet seasonal variations create relatively shallow,
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3018:
2983:
2664:
Fomensky, R., Gwanfogbe, M., and Tasla, F., editorial advisors. (1985)
1919:
1907:
1862:
1607:
1503:
1490:
1370:
1357:
1303:
1279:
1125:
1020:
662:
456:
428:
123:
2885:
2731:
1472:
1310:
mills in Kaélé and Maroua. Rhumsiki and other communities are home to
1208:
435:
and forms the northernmost stretch of the border between Cameroon and
115:
3134:
3119:
3099:
3094:
3086:
2931:
1899:
1878:
1759:
The earliest Europeans to reach the territory were British explorers
1643:
1508:
1499:
1341:
Fuel transportation by bicycle from Nigeria sold in Maroua, Far North
877:
and thus comprise the plurality of the population. Many of these are
589:
465:
330:
318:
314:
217:
131:
127:
3185:
1853:
attacked the German outpost at Kousséri. On 25 August 1914, Colonel
1810:
another. He returned to Europe in 1875 and published a three-volume
1254:
Rhumsiki Valley, one of Cameroon's most popular tourist attractions.
3142:
2963:
2877:
2697:
2584:"Clashes in Cameroon's Far North displace more than 100,000 people"
2556:"Clashes in Cameroon's Far North displace more than 100,000 people"
1421:
973:
593:
577:
533:
524:
461:
397:
362:
358:
306:
242:
2936:
1420:
is renowned for the fact that the women there wear hats made from
873:
More than 974,408 people in the province speak one of the various
568:
3170:
3124:
3056:
3046:
2978:
2973:
2898:
1911:
1719:
1631:
1569:
1562:
1393:
1315:
1295:
1287:
1191:
1164:
1087:
929:
864:
797:
793:
654:
625:
613:
597:
585:
544:
The Far North is hot and dry. Beginning at 10° N, the climate is
484:. This has caused some scientists to predict that in the future,
436:
334:
277:
269:
254:
241:), is the northernmost and most populous constituent province of
2719:
Fulbe Voices: Marriage, Islam, and Medicine in Northern Cameroon
1250:
824:
Locations of the various ethnic groups of the Far North Province
3190:
3109:
3076:
2903:
1823:
1727:
1627:
1521:
1494:
1476:
1446:
1417:
1331:
1323:
1319:
1267:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1075:
1012:
1008:
969:
965:
925:
909:
905:
809:
805:
773:
666:
621:
581:
421:
350:
342:
273:
258:
101:
1062:
live on islands in Lake Chad north of Kotokoland. The various
759:
3036:
2968:
2588:
1931:
1711:
1667:
1615:
1224:
1216:
1148:
1067:
1044:
1028:
1016:
957:
913:
888:
883:
878:
609:
601:
549:
2679:, 15th ed. Dallas: SIL International. Accessed 25 June 2006.
1428:
is located. The village of Rhumsiki is today something of a
952:
occupy the remainder of the border from north to south. The
788:. These compounds tend to be built with the compound of the
3008:
2560:
1927:
1743:(present-day Nigeria), answering only to the sultan of the
1361:
possibility within the Far North, and airstrips operate in
1299:
1228:
1203:
The Bororo Fulani and Shuwa Arabs both live principally as
1172:
1156:
1024:
1000:
949:
867:
617:
377:
346:
310:
250:
2868:
1546:
In the 1990s, politics in the region was dominated by the
1090:, the province has a significant minority of a mixture of
924:, and Matakam live along the border with their capital at
651:, for example, is called "the village of the crocodiles".
341:
to the southwest. This latter region includes deposits of
1392:
The Far North is home to many of Cameroon's most popular
1906:
Border areas of the Far North have been affected by the
1873:, startled the Fulani of the area when he announced his
2118:
Cameroon: Administrative Division population statistics
1771:, who were exploring the Niger River. They crossed the
1642:, originated in the 9th century AD to the northeast of
1435:
1650:'s (r. 1221–1259) expansion south as far south as the
2661:(5th ed.). China: Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd.
1558:(CPDM) party is careful to address Fulani interests.
1960:"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"
1621:
Archaeological finds attest to the existence of the
572:
Giraffes in Waza National Park during the dry season
2643:DeLancey, Mark W., and DeLancey, Mark Dike (2000).
2351:
1910:insurgency spilling into Cameroon from neighboring
1796:
Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa
870:live in the north of the province up to Lake Chad.
1714:in what is now northern Nigeria and Cameroon, and
1188:Rice Expansion and Modernisation Company of Yagoua
2645:Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon
1552:Union nationale pour la démocratie et le progress
333:to the north. At the province's south, a band of
3213:
2682:Gwanfogbe, Mathew, and Meligui, Ambrose (1983).
1151:is found in the strip between Chad and Nigeria.
2056:
2054:
887:in Fulfulde) peoples who refused to convert to
2529:
2095:
2093:
1801:In 1865 to 1867, two German expeditions under
1403:names it "the best for viewing wildlife", and
1245:
337:separates the sedimentary area from a zone of
2854:
2747:
2705:Modern Geography of the Republic of Cameroon,
1262:the north has mostly falls into the realm of
702:
475:Maga Lake in the Far North Region of Cameroon
431:. The El Beid River flows northwest from the
280:. Most inhabitants speak the Fulani language
2051:
1990:
1988:
1952:
1538:Traditional leaders, usually referred to as
1147:, but as one moves north, cereals dominate.
427:The province's other rivers are part of the
49:Location of Far North Region within Cameroon
2172:
2170:
2090:
1869:The first Cameroonian premier of Cameroon,
3232:States and territories established in 1983
2861:
2847:
2754:
2740:
2728:. Accessed via allAfrica.com 27 June 2006.
2689:Hudgens, Jim, and Trillo, Richard (1999).
2489:
2487:
2208:"Refugee influx causes unease in Cameroon"
1817:
987:The territory between Maroua, Mokolo, and
2184:
2182:
1985:
1722:, which included areas of the Far North.
1654:. At this point, Kanem and its successor
1548:National Union for Democracy and Progress
416:, and their tributaries form part of the
2167:
1451:
1416:has a picturesque chief's compound, and
1383:
1375:
1336:
1249:
1049:
819:
780:use stone, the Fulani use clay, and the
758:
567:
563:
490:
470:
216:
208:
2761:
2700:". Statoids.com. Accessed 24 June 2006.
2484:
792:at their centre, and all houses have a
163:34,263 km (13,229 sq mi)
14:
3214:
2671:Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (ed.) (2005): "
2657:Fitzpatrick, Mary (2002). "Cameroon",
2179:
1576:. Other notable festivals include the
900:are furthest north with their base at
767:
380:. The remainder of the territory, the
213:View of Maroua in the Far North Region
2842:
2735:
2686:. Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd.
1556:Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
2721:. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
2668:. Malaysia: Macmillan Education Ltd.
2358:Inter Press Service - allAfrica.com
1892:
1754:
1436:Administration and social conditions
1124:The refugee population fleeing from
1101:
772:In larger towns and cities, such as
2707:(3rd ed.) Bamenda: Neba Publishers.
2666:Macmillan School Atlas for Cameroon
2654:Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd.
2626:Library of Congress Country Studies
2131:
1054:Housing unit in a village in Yagoua
24:
2677:Ethnologue: Languages of the World
2536:Leadership (Abuja) - allAfrica.com
2352:Monde Kingsley Nfor (2014-08-19).
2252:Fomensky, Gwanfogbe, and Tasla 15.
1294:, which sells handicrafts such as
697:
25:
3243:
1460:The province is divided into six
1456:Departments of Far North Cameroon
1197:Société du Développement du Coton
495:Local people fishing in Maga Lake
268:populate the area, including the
2945:
2827:
1718:led the charge into the land of
1700:
1589:
908:lie directly south of them. The
447:before emptying into Lake Chad.
43:
2712:History of Cameroon Since 1800.
2576:
2548:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2496:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2379:
2370:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2309:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2200:
2191:
2158:
2149:
2140:
2122:
2111:
2102:
2081:
2072:
2063:
1881:and join with Chad. Northerner
1380:Elephants in Waza National Park
1194:and oil come from the cotton..
683:
527:activity that gave rise to the
2691:The Rough Guide to West Africa
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1976:
1916:December 2014 Cameroon clashes
1531:) and subdivisional officers (
1138:
13:
1:
2607:
2530:Abdullahi Umar (2015-01-06).
2333:US Department of State, 2001.
424:and flows into western Chad.
1658:were active participants in
1535:) govern each respectively.
1270:. This city is home to many
295:
257:to the west. The capital is
7:
3222:Far North Region (Cameroon)
2710:Ngoh, Victor Julius (1996)
2693:. London: Rough Guides Ltd.
2640:. Paris: Les Éditions Wala.
2638:Cameroun: Guide touristique
2039:Gwanfogbe and Melingui 8–9.
1246:Industry and infrastructure
642:Mozogo Gokoro National Park
638:Parc National de Kalamaloué
403:
10:
3248:
2703:Neba, Aaron, Ph.D. (1999)
2659:Lonely Planet: West Africa
2324:DeLancey and DeLancey 162.
2048:Gwanfogbe and Melingui 14.
2030:Gwanfogbe and Melingui 11.
2012:Gwanfogbe and Melingui 29.
2003:Gwanfogbe and Melingui 26.
1994:Gwanfogbe and Melingui 21.
1941:
1584:
1445:organisations cite Fulani
1290:. Maroua also has a large
1133:
539:
450:These rivers all follow a
3161:
3133:
3085:
3017:
2954:
2943:
2884:
2825:
2769:
1286:. Maroua even has a beef
1183:held in place by stones.
1086:. Although predominantly
837:Fulani speak Fulfulde, a
815:
752:
715:—
510:
305:Sedimentary rock such as
188:
180:
172:
167:
159:
154:
146:
141:
107:
97:
89:
54:
42:
35:
2717:Regis, Helen A. (2003).
2315:Hudgens and Trillo 1130.
2087:Hudgens and Trillo 1122.
2060:Hudgens and Trillo 1132.
1946:
1936:Médecins Sans Frontières
243:the Republic of Cameroon
239:RĂ©gion de l'ExtrĂŞme-Nord
2632:Chrispin, Dr. Pettang,
2622:"A Country Study: Chad"
1875:Abong-Mbang Resolutions
1818:Colonial administration
1106:As of 30 October 2013,
433:Kalamalou National Park
300:
221:A street In Maroua Town
184:120/km (300/sq mi)
2696:Law, Gwillim (2005). "
1838:, was assassinated by
1826:in 1899 under Captain
1520:, with its capital at
1511:, with its capital at
1502:, with its capital at
1493:, with its capital at
1484:, with its capital at
1475:, with its capital at
1457:
1389:
1381:
1342:
1255:
1131:
1055:
825:
764:
573:
496:
476:
388:valley, is made up of
238:
222:
214:
2698:Provinces of Cameroon
2684:Geography of Cameroon
2673:Languages of Cameroon
2413:A Country Study: Chad
2270:Neba 63; Chrispin 56.
1964:hdi.globaldatalab.org
1697:neighbouring groups.
1455:
1387:
1379:
1340:
1253:
1112:
1096:traditional religions
1053:
861:Nilo-Saharan language
823:
762:
689:Historical population
678:Operation Green Sahel
634:Parc National du Waza
571:
564:Plant and animal life
494:
474:
329:, as they empty into
220:
212:
147: • Governor
2650:Fanso, V. G. (1989)
1369:, Waza, Yagoua, and
839:Senegambian language
763:Musgum dwelling unit
499:Other lakes include
231:Extreme North Region
229:, also known as the
181: • Density
3227:Regions of Cameroon
2763:Regions of Cameroon
2454:Fanso 28, Neba 111.
1914:, resulting in the
1849:, the French under
1751:ruled from Maroua.
1660:trans-Saharan trade
1084:subsistence farmers
768:Settlement patterns
690:
376:at the border with
70: /
1887:Union Camerounaise
1610:deported from the
1458:
1390:
1382:
1343:
1256:
1056:
826:
765:
688:
630:Waza National Park
574:
497:
477:
468:through the area.
374:hydromorphic soils
223:
215:
173: • Total
160: • Total
27:Region of Cameroon
18:Far North Province
3209:
3208:
2836:
2835:
1893:Post-independence
1871:André-Marie Mbida
1755:European contacts
1612:Fatimid Caliphate
1606:, descendants of
1388:Kapsiki mountains
1233:Adamawa Provinces
1175:are also common.
1102:Nigerian refugees
757:
756:
529:Bénoué Depression
390:ferruginous soils
370:Mandara Mountains
253:to the east, and
245:. It borders the
207:
206:
74:11.000°N 14.500°E
30:Place in Cameroon
16:(Redirected from
3239:
2949:
2874:Far North Region
2863:
2856:
2849:
2840:
2839:
2831:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2726:Cameroon Tribune
2714:Limbe: Presbook.
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2601:
2599:
2598:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
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2552:
2546:
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2404:
2401:
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2392:
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2383:
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2365:
2364:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2306:Fitzpatrick 266.
2304:
2298:
2297:Fitzpatrick 226.
2295:
2289:
2288:Fitzpatrick 265.
2286:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2177:
2174:
2165:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2147:
2146:Fitzpatrick 261.
2144:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2088:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1956:
1851:General Aymerich
1812:Sahara and Sudan
1807:Gustav Nachtigal
1784:James Richardson
1648:Dunama Dabbalemi
1574:Feast of the Ram
875:Chadic languages
845:Adamawa-language
704:
699:
691:
687:
339:metamorphic rock
227:Far North Region
199:
150:Midjiyawa Bakary
85:
84:
82:
81:
80:
75:
71:
68:
67:
66:
63:
47:
37:Far North Region
33:
32:
21:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3157:
3129:
3081:
3013:
2956:Logone-et-Chari
2950:
2941:
2880:
2867:
2837:
2832:
2823:
2765:
2760:
2620:
2610:
2605:
2596:
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2582:
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2566:
2563:- reliefweb.int
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2196:
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2159:
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2141:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2078:Chrispin 151–2.
2077:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1968:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1895:
1855:C. H. P. Carter
1830:and Lieutenant
1820:
1761:Hugh Clapperton
1757:
1737:Adamawa Emirate
1708:Usman Dan Fodio
1703:
1672:Rabih az-Zubayr
1652:Adamawa Plateau
1592:
1587:
1482:Logone-et-Chari
1438:
1248:
1141:
1136:
1104:
1041:Mada (Cameroon)
894:Mandara peoples
830:
818:
770:
686:
674:desertification
566:
542:
513:
452:tropical regime
406:
355:Rhumsiki Valley
303:
298:
197:
196:
120:Logone-et-Chari
78:
76:
72:
69:
64:
61:
59:
57:
56:
50:
38:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3131:
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3112:
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3102:
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3079:
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3034:
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3023:
3021:
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3011:
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3001:
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2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
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2958:
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2942:
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2939:
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2929:
2924:
2918:
2912:
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2901:
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2890:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2866:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2843:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2630:
2618:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2575:
2547:
2522:
2513:
2504:
2495:
2483:
2474:
2465:
2456:
2447:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2378:
2369:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2199:
2190:
2178:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2121:
2110:
2101:
2089:
2080:
2071:
2062:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1984:
1975:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1894:
1891:
1883:Ahmadou Ahidjo
1840:Yerima Mustafa
1819:
1816:
1792:Herman Overweg
1788:Heinrich Barth
1756:
1753:
1702:
1699:
1674:overthrew it.
1596:Paleo-Sudanese
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1525:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1437:
1434:
1308:cottonseed oil
1276:leatherworking
1247:
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1140:
1137:
1135:
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1100:
817:
814:
769:
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755:
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565:
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286:Chadian Arabic
249:to the south,
205:
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79:11.000; 14.500
52:
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29:
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6:
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2442:
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2424:
2418:
2417:"Kanem-Borno"
2414:
2409:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2376:Chrispin 125.
2373:
2359:
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2134:
2128:Chrispin 105.
2125:
2119:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2094:
2084:
2075:
2069:Chrispin 151.
2066:
2057:
2055:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1989:
1979:
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1803:Gerhard Rolfs
1799:
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1789:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1773:Sahara Desert
1770:
1769:Walter Oudney
1766:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1745:Sokoto Empire
1742:
1738:
1732:
1729:
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1701:Fulani jihads
1698:
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1590:Early empires
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1578:Cock Festival
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486:river capture
483:
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423:
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387:
386:El BeĂŻd River
383:
382:Diamaré Plain
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
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352:
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344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
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279:
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267:
266:ethnic groups
262:
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100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
55:Coordinates:
53:
46:
41:
34:
19:
3201:Souledé-Roua
3163:Mayo-Tsanaga
2994:Logone-Birni
2873:
2788:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2633:
2625:
2595:. Retrieved
2593:. 2021-12-17
2587:
2578:
2567:. Retrieved
2565:. 2021-12-17
2559:
2550:
2539:. Retrieved
2535:
2525:
2516:
2507:
2498:
2477:
2468:
2459:
2450:
2441:
2432:
2423:
2412:
2408:
2403:Fanso 18–19.
2399:
2390:
2381:
2372:
2361:. Retrieved
2357:
2347:
2342:Regis 137–8.
2338:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2248:
2239:
2230:
2219:. Retrieved
2217:. 2013-10-30
2211:
2202:
2193:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2113:
2104:
2099:Chrispin 58.
2083:
2074:
2065:
2044:
2035:
2026:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1978:
1967:. Retrieved
1963:
1954:
1924:
1922:militants."
1905:
1896:
1868:
1866:swamplands.
1863:Missionaries
1859:
1844:
1836:Graff Fugger
1832:Hans Dominik
1821:
1811:
1800:
1795:
1782:
1777:
1765:Dixon Denham
1758:
1733:
1724:
1716:Modibo Adama
1704:
1683:
1676:
1640:Kanem Empire
1637:
1620:
1600:Neo-Sudanese
1593:
1567:
1560:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1533:sous-prefets
1532:
1528:
1526:
1518:Mayo-Tsanaga
1466:departements
1465:
1459:
1443:Human rights
1439:
1430:tourist trap
1411:
1406:Rough Guides
1404:
1398:
1391:
1355:
1344:
1322:operates at
1302:. SODECOTON
1284:metalworking
1258:What little
1257:
1237:
1202:
1195:
1185:
1177:
1142:
1123:
1120:
1113:
1105:
1092:Christianity
1081:
1057:
1037:Zulgo-Gemzek
986:
882:
872:
843:
834:Fulani jihad
827:
802:
785:
771:
684:Demographics
671:
653:
649:Logone-Birni
646:
637:
633:
575:
558:
543:
521:Mount Tourou
518:
514:
498:
478:
455:
449:
426:
407:
367:
327:Mayo Tsanaga
304:
263:
247:North Region
230:
226:
224:
136:Mayo-Tsanaga
113:
3115:Moulvoudaye
3067:Tchati-Bali
2591:- unhcr.com
1900:Paul Biya's
1847:World War I
1710:declared a
1623:Sao culture
1604:Shuwa Arabs
1581:artefacts.
1462:departments
1304:Cotton gins
1264:handicrafts
1139:Agriculture
942:Zizilivikan
918:Turu people
606:hippopotami
501:Lake Fianga
418:Niger River
270:Shuwa Arabs
109:Departments
77: /
3216:Categories
3019:Mayo-Danay
2984:Hile-Alifa
2921:Maroua III
2608:References
2597:2022-01-22
2569:2022-01-22
2541:2015-01-08
2502:Ngoh 78–9.
2363:2015-01-08
2221:2014-06-12
1969:2018-09-13
1920:Boko Haram
1908:Boko Haram
1828:Von Kamptz
1767:, and Dr.
1608:Banu Hilal
1491:Mayo-Danay
1422:calabashes
1280:embroidery
1153:Groundnuts
1126:Boko Haram
1021:North Mofu
904:, and the
663:Faidherbia
590:crocodiles
554:Sudan type
466:inselbergs
429:Chad Basin
414:Mayo Louti
168:Population
142:Government
124:Mayo-Danay
3153:Tokombéré
3135:Mayo-Sava
3120:Moutourwa
3100:Guidiguis
3095:Dziguilao
3087:Mayo-Kani
2932:Ndoukoula
2915:Maroua II
2814:Southwest
2804:Northwest
2789:Far North
2647:. 3rd Ed.
2634:directeur
2520:Ngoh 162.
2511:Ngoh 134.
2481:Fanso 97.
2472:Fanso 95.
2463:Fanso 94.
2427:Fanso 26.
2394:Fanso 32.
2385:Fanso 15.
2279:Neba 152.
2261:Neba 244.
2243:Neba 140.
2234:Neba 133.
2197:Fanso 29.
2176:Fanso 25.
2164:Neba 107.
2155:Neba 109.
1814:in 1879.
1644:Lake Chad
1509:Mayo-Sava
1500:Mayo-Kani
1358:bush taxi
1330:produces
1292:artisanat
1272:tanneries
1110:reports:
989:Tokombére
960:, Gawar,
898:Mandarawa
745:3,993,007
734:3,111,792
723:1,855,695
712:1,394,765
594:elephants
505:Maga Lake
410:Mayo KĂ©bi
398:lateritic
331:Lake Chad
319:sandstone
315:limestone
296:Geography
202:9th of 10
176:3,993,007
132:Mayo-Sava
128:Mayo-Kani
3143:Kolofata
3027:Datcheka
2989:Kousséri
2964:Blangoua
2909:Maroua I
2878:Cameroon
2870:Communes
2794:Littoral
2615:Cameroon
2493:Ngoh 78.
2445:Ngoh 36.
2436:Ngoh 32.
2108:Neba 35.
2021:Neba 46.
1982:Neba 22.
1885:and his
1670:warlord
1668:Sudanese
1572:and the
1486:Kousséri
1414:Oudjilla
1328:CIMENCAM
1312:spinners
1260:industry
1192:textiles
1181:terraces
974:Mazagway
851:and the
626:warthogs
614:leopards
598:giraffes
586:cheetahs
578:antelope
550:Sahelian
546:tropical
534:Rhumsiki
525:tectonic
462:Fulfulde
445:Kousséri
404:Drainage
384:and the
363:rhyolite
359:trachyte
307:alluvium
282:Fulfulde
93:Cameroon
3171:Bourrha
3125:Touloum
3057:Kay-Hay
3047:Kai-Kai
2979:Goulfey
2974:Fotokol
2923:(urban)
2917:(urban)
2911:(urban)
2899:Dargala
2886:Diamaré
2774:Adamawa
2628:. 1990.
2188:Gordon.
1942:Culture
1912:Nigeria
1749:lamidat
1720:Fumbina
1686:Mandara
1632:Nilotic
1585:History
1570:Ramadan
1563:cholera
1529:prefets
1473:Diamaré
1394:tourist
1334:there.
1316:weavers
1296:pottery
1288:cannery
1221:donkeys
1209:Yaoundé
1165:sorghum
1134:Economy
1088:Muslims
982:Muturwa
962:Besleri
954:Bulahai
930:Kapsiki
849:Mundang
794:granary
782:Guizigi
778:Matakam
753:source:
703:±% p.a.
655:Savanna
622:monkeys
582:jackals
540:Climate
437:Nigeria
400:soils.
394:ferrous
351:schists
335:granite
278:Kapsiki
255:Nigeria
116:Diamaré
98:Capital
90:Country
65:14°30′E
62:11°00′N
3196:Mozogo
3191:Mokolo
3186:Mogodé
3110:Mindif
3077:Yagoua
3052:Kalfou
2999:Makary
2904:Gawaza
2779:Centre
2215:Africa
1879:secede
1824:Tibati
1728:Guider
1694:Boukar
1679:Kotoko
1664:Slaves
1628:Hyksos
1540:chiefs
1522:Mokolo
1495:Yagoua
1477:Maroua
1447:lamibe
1418:Tourou
1351:Kerawa
1347:Maltam
1332:cement
1326:, and
1324:Figuil
1320:mining
1278:, and
1268:Maroua
1217:Horses
1213:Douala
1205:cattle
1169:Cotton
1161:Millet
1145:manioc
1094:, and
1076:Majera
1064:Kotoko
1060:Buduma
1043:, and
1013:Dugwor
1009:Mokolo
1005:Muyang
997:Wuzlum
972:, and
970:Tsuvan
966:Sharwa
948:, and
928:. The
926:Mokolo
910:Glavda
906:Parkwa
857:Kanuri
853:Tupuri
816:People
810:Garoua
806:Mokolo
798:Bororo
774:Maroua
748:+2.52%
737:+2.91%
726:+2.63%
667:Karita
665:, and
659:Baobab
610:hyenas
511:Relief
482:Bénoué
422:Yagoua
353:. The
349:, and
343:gneiss
323:Logone
317:, and
290:French
288:, and
276:, and
274:Fulani
259:Maroua
235:French
233:(from
192:(2019)
102:Maroua
3105:Kaélé
3042:Guere
3037:Gueme
2969:Darak
2937:Petté
2809:South
2799:North
2589:UNHCR
1947:Notes
1932:UNHCR
1712:jihad
1656:Bornu
1616:Egypt
1504:Kaélé
1371:Kaélé
1300:beads
1229:goats
1225:sheep
1173:Beans
1149:Maize
1116:UNHCR
1068:Afade
1045:Mbuko
1033:Merey
1029:Cuvok
1017:Marva
993:Matal
958:Buwal
922:Mabas
914:Gvoko
889:Islam
884:pagan
879:Kirdi
868:Arabs
865:Shuwa
790:chief
618:lions
602:heron
457:Yaéré
441:Chari
195:0.449
3181:Koza
3176:Hina
3148:Mora
3072:Wina
3062:Maga
3032:Gobo
3009:Zina
3004:Waza
2927:Meri
2894:Bogo
2819:West
2784:East
2561:OCHA
2213:IRIN
2137:Law.
1928:Chad
1805:and
1790:and
1741:Yola
1690:Dulo
1638:The
1513:Mora
1367:MĂ©ri
1363:Koza
1314:and
1282:and
1227:and
1219:and
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