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2289:, by Sophocles) from the fifth century BC. In English, it is often distinguished from its antecedent by being pronounced in its original French form, approximately "Ante-GĆN." The play was first performed in Paris on 6 February 1944, during the Nazi occupation of France. Produced under Nazi censorship, the play is purposefully ambiguous with regards to the rejection of authority (represented by Antigone) and the acceptance of it (represented by Creon). The parallels to the French Resistance and the Nazi occupation have been drawn. Antigone rejects life as desperately meaningless but without affirmatively choosing a noble death. The crux of the play is the lengthy dialogue concerning the nature of power, fate, and choice, during which Antigone says that she is, "... disgusted with ...promise of a humdrum happiness." She states that she would rather die than live a mediocre existence.
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dialectician, so also his form is none of these directly. His form must first and last be related to existence, and in this regard he must have at his disposal the poetic, the ethical, the dialectical, the religious. Subordinate character, setting, etc., which belong to the well-balanced character of the esthetic production, are in themselves breadth; the subjective thinker has only one settingâexistenceâand has nothing to do with localities and such things. The setting is not the fairyland of the imagination, where poetry produces consummation, nor is the setting laid in
England, and historical accuracy is not a concern. The setting is inwardness in existing as a human being; the concretion is the relation of the existence-categories to one another. Historical accuracy and historical actuality are breadth.
783:. However, it has seen widespread use in existentialist writings, and the conclusions drawn differ slightly from the phenomenological accounts. The Other is the experience of another free subject who inhabits the same world as a person does. In its most basic form, it is this experience of the Other that constitutes intersubjectivity and objectivity. To clarify, when one experiences someone else, and this Other person experiences the world (the same world that a person experiences)âonly from "over there"âthe world is constituted as objective in that it is something that is "there" as identical for both of the subjects; a person experiences the other person as experiencing the same things. This experience of the Other's look is what is termed the Look (sometimes the
1329:(1927). A dramatist as well as a philosopher, Marcel found his philosophical starting point in a condition of metaphysical alienation: the human individual searching for harmony in a transient life. Harmony, for Marcel, was to be sought through "secondary reflection", a "dialogical" rather than "dialectical" approach to the world, characterized by "wonder and astonishment" and open to the "presence" of other people and of God rather than merely to "information" about them. For Marcel, such presence implied more than simply being there (as one thing might be in the presence of another thing); it connoted "extravagant" availability, and the willingness to put oneself at the disposal of the other.
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existentialism, it also acts as a kind of limitation of freedom. This is because the Look tends to objectify what it sees. When one experiences oneself in the Look, one does not experience oneself as nothing (no thing), but as something (some thing). In Sartre's example of a man peeping at someone through a keyhole, the man is entirely caught up in the situation he is in. He is in a pre-reflexive state where his entire consciousness is directed at what goes on in the room. Suddenly, he hears a creaking floorboard behind him and he becomes aware of himself as seen by the Other. He is then filled with shame for he perceives himself as he would perceive someone else doing what he was doingâas a
697:." This can be more easily understood when considering facticity in relation to the temporal dimension of our past: one's past is what one is, meaning that it is what has formed the person who exists in the present. However, to say that one is only one's past would ignore the change a person undergoes in the present and future, while saying that one's past is only what one was, would entirely detach it from the present self. A denial of one's concrete past constitutes an inauthentic lifestyle, and also applies to other kinds of facticity (having a human bodyâe.g., one that does not allow a person to run faster than the speed of soundâidentity, values, etc.).
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in stone" (as being past, for instance), it cannot determine a person: the value ascribed to one's facticity is still ascribed to it freely by that person. As an example, consider two men, one of whom has no memory of his past and the other who remembers everything. Both have committed many crimes, but the first man, remembering nothing, leads a rather normal life while the second man, feeling trapped by his own past, continues a life of crime, blaming his own past for "trapping" him in this life. There is nothing essential about his committing crimes, but he ascribes this meaning to his past.
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context relates to the inherent insecurity about the consequences of one's actions and to the fact that, in experiencing freedom as angst, one also realizes that one is fully responsible for these consequences. There is nothing in people (genetically, for instance) that acts in their steadâthat they can blame if something goes wrong. Therefore, not every choice is perceived as having dreadful possible consequences (and, it can be claimed, human lives would be unbearable if every choice facilitated dread). However, this does not change the fact that freedom remains a condition of every action.
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1445:, in 1943, but it was in the two years following the liberation of Paris from the German occupying forces that he and his close associatesâCamus, Simone de Beauvoir, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and othersâbecame internationally famous as the leading figures of a movement known as existentialism. In a very short period of time, Camus and Sartre in particular became the leading public intellectuals of post-war France, achieving by the end of 1945 "a fame that reached across all audiences." Camus was an editor of the most popular leftist (former
821:, is a term common to many existentialist thinkers. It is generally held to be a negative feeling arising from the experience of human freedom and responsibility. The archetypal example is the experience one has when standing on a cliff where one not only fears falling off it, but also dreads the possibility of throwing oneself off. In this experience that "nothing is holding me back", one senses the lack of anything that predetermines one to either throw oneself off or to stand still, and one experiences one's own freedom.
1315:. Berdyaev drew a radical distinction between the world of spirit and the everyday world of objects. Human freedom, for Berdyaev, is rooted in the realm of spirit, a realm independent of scientific notions of causation. To the extent the individual human being lives in the objective world, he is estranged from authentic spiritual freedom. "Man" is not to be interpreted naturalistically, but as a being created in God's image, an originator of free, creative acts. He published a major work on these themes,
63:
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506:, Heidegger implied that Sartre misunderstood him for his own purposes of subjectivism, and that he did not mean that actions take precedence over being so long as those actions were not reflected upon. Heidegger commented that "the reversal of a metaphysical statement remains a metaphysical statement", meaning that he thought Sartre had simply switched the roles traditionally attributed to essence and existence without interrogating these concepts and their history.
74:
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is facticity, but not to the degree that this facticity determines one's transcendent choices (one could then blame one's background for making the choice one made ). Facticity, in relation to authenticity, involves acting on one's actual values when making a choice (instead of, like
Kierkegaard's Aesthete, "choosing" randomly), so that one takes responsibility for the act instead of choosing either-or without allowing the options to have different values.
83:
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2211:, in which two men divert themselves while they wait expectantly for someone (or something) named Godot who never arrives. They claim Godot is an acquaintance, but in fact, hardly know him, admitting they would not recognize him if they saw him. Samuel Beckett, once asked who or what Godot is, replied, "If I knew, I would have said so in the play." To occupy themselves, the men eat, sleep, talk, argue, sing, play games,
761:, Sartre uses the example of a waiter in "bad faith". He merely takes part in the "act" of being a typical waiter, albeit very convincingly. This image usually corresponds to a social norm, but this does not mean that all acting in accordance with social norms is inauthentic. The main point is the attitude one takes to one's own freedom and responsibility and the extent to which one acts in accordance with this freedom.
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335:, defining existentialism has been relatively difficult, and he argues that it is better understood as a general approach used to reject certain systematic philosophies rather than as a systematic philosophy itself. In a lecture delivered in 1945, Sartre described existentialism as "the attempt to draw all the consequences from a position of consistent
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finding meaning in freedom. To try to suppress feelings of anxiety and dread, people confine themselves within everyday experience, Sartre asserted, thereby relinquishing their freedom and acquiescing to being possessed in one form or another by "the Look" of "the Other" (i.e., possessed by another personâor at least one's idea of that other person).
445:". Instead, the phrase should be taken to say that people are defined only insofar as they act and that they are responsible for their actions. Someone who acts cruelly towards other people is, by that act, defined as a cruel person. Such persons are themselves responsible for their new identity (cruel persons). This is opposed to their genes, or
2273:, impersonating other characters, and interrupting each other or remaining silent for long periods of time. The two characters are portrayed as two clowns or fools in a world beyond their understanding. They stumble through philosophical arguments while not realizing the implications, and muse on the irrationality and randomness of the world.
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mode of not being it (essentially). An example of one focusing solely on possible projects without reflecting on one's current facticity: would be someone who continually thinks about future possibilities related to being rich (e.g. a better car, bigger house, better quality of life, etc.) without acknowledging the facticity of
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commandments upon them, but as though they are inside them and guiding them from inside. This is the task
Kierkegaard takes up when he asks: "Who has the more difficult task: the teacher who lectures on earnest things a meteor's distance from everyday lifeâor the learner who should put it to use?" Philosophers such as
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and then finds their being-thing compromised, they would normally be found in a state of despairâa hopeless state. For example, a singer who loses the ability to sing may despair if they have nothing else to fall back onânothing to rely on for their identity. They find themselves unable to be what defined their being.
1239:, emphasized the life of "flesh and bone" as opposed to that of abstract rationalism. Unamuno rejected systematic philosophy in favor of the individual's quest for faith. He retained a sense of the tragic, even absurd nature of the quest, symbolized by his enduring interest in the eponymous character from the
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wove into their plays the existentialist belief that we are absurd beings loose in a universe empty of real meaning. Esslin noted that many of these playwrights demonstrated the philosophy better than did the plays by Sartre and Camus. Though most of such playwrights, subsequently labeled "Absurdist"
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ego. For Marcel, philosophy was a concrete activity undertaken by a sensing, feeling human being incarnateâembodiedâin a concrete world. Although Sartre adopted the term "existentialism" for his own philosophy in the 1940s, Marcel's thought has been described as "almost diametrically opposed" to that
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that "There is only one truly serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide." Although "prescriptions" against the possible deleterious consequences of these kinds of encounters vary, from
Kierkegaard's religious "stage" to Camus' insistence on persevering in spite of absurdity, the concern with
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or "behind closed doors"), which is the source of the popular quote, "Hell is other people." (In French, "L'enfer, c'est les autres"). The play begins with a Valet leading a man into a room that the audience soon realizes is in hell. Eventually he is joined by two women. After their entry, the Valet
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man his qualities-- neither God, nor society, nor his parents and ancestors, nor he himself...No one is responsible for man's being there at all, for his being such-and-such, or for his being in these circumstances or in this environment...Man is not the effect of some special purpose of a will, and
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What sets the existentialist notion of despair apart from the conventional definition is that existentialist despair is a state one is in even when they are not overtly in despair. So long as a person's identity depends on qualities that can crumble, they are in perpetual despairâand as there is, in
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Despair is generally defined as a loss of hope. In existentialism, it is more specifically a loss of hope in reaction to a breakdown in one or more of the defining qualities of one's self or identity. If a person is invested in being a particular thing, such as a bus driver or an upstanding citizen,
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involves the idea that one has to "create oneself" and live in accordance with this self. For an authentic existence, one should act as oneself, not as "one's acts" or as "one's genes" or as any other essence requires. The authentic act is one in accordance with one's freedom. A component of freedom
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and existentialism are distinct philosophies, they are often confused with one another since both are rooted in the human experience of anguish and confusion that stems from the apparent meaninglessness of a world in which humans are compelled to find or create meaning. A primary cause of confusion
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Facticity is a limitation and a condition of freedom. It is a limitation in that a large part of one's facticity consists of things one did not choose (birthplace, etc.), but a condition of freedom in the sense that one's values most likely depend on it. However, even though one's facticity is "set
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not in a modal fashion, i.e. as necessary features, but in a teleological fashion: "an essence is the relational property of having a set of parts ordered in such a way as to collectively perform some activity". For example, it belongs to the essence of a house to keep the bad weather out, which is
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are often seen as historical conveniences in as much as they were first applied to many philosophers long after they had died. While existentialism is generally considered to have originated with
Kierkegaard, the first prominent existentialist philosopher to adopt the term as a self-description was
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Existentialist philosophy encompasses a range of perspectives, but it shares certain underlying concepts. Among these, a central tenet of existentialism is that personal freedom, individual responsibility, and deliberate choice are essential to the pursuit of self-discovery and the determination of
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composed literature or poetry that contained, to varying degrees, elements of existential or proto-existential thought. The philosophy's influence even reached pulp literature shortly after the turn of the 20th century, as seen in the existential disparity witnessed in Man's lack of control of his
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The
Norwegian philosopher Erik Lundestad refers to the Danish philosopher Fredrik Christian Sibbern. Sibbern is supposed to have had two conversations in 1841, the first with Welhaven and the second with Kierkegaard. It is in the first conversation that it is believed that Welhaven came up with "a
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Aside from their reaction against Freud's mechanistic, deterministic model of the mind and their assumption of a phenomenological approach in therapy, the existentialist analysts have little in common and have never been regarded as a cohesive ideological school. These thinkersâwho include Ludwig
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to demonstrate the futility of existence. In the myth, Sisyphus is condemned for eternity to roll a rock up a hill, but when he reaches the summit, the rock will roll to the bottom again. Camus believes that this existence is pointless but that
Sisyphus ultimately finds meaning and purpose in his
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Kierkegaard and
Nietzsche were two of the first philosophers considered fundamental to the existentialist movement, though neither used the term "existentialism" and it is unclear whether they would have supported the existentialism of the 20th century. They focused on subjective human experience
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at all. Love hopes all thingsâyet is never put to shame. To relate oneself expectantly to the possibility of the good is to hope. To relate oneself expectantly to the possibility of evil is to fear. By the decision to choose hope one decides infinitely more than it seems, because it is an eternal
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When the God-forsaken worldliness of earthly life shuts itself in complacency, the confined air develops poison, the moment gets stuck and stands still, the prospect is lost, a need is felt for a refreshing, enlivening breeze to cleanse the air and dispel the poisonous vapors lest we suffocate in
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However, to disregard one's facticity during the continual process of self-making, projecting oneself into the future, would be to put oneself in denial of the conditions shaping the present self and would be inauthentic. The origin of one's projection must still be one's facticity, though in the
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Heidegger read Sartre's work and was initially impressed, commenting: "Here for the first time I encountered an independent thinker who, from the foundations up, has experienced the area out of which I think. Your work shows such an immediate comprehension of my philosophy as I have never before
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rather than the objective truths of mathematics and science, which they believed were too detached or observational to truly get at the human experience. Like Pascal, they were interested in people's quiet struggle with the apparent meaninglessness of life and the use of diversion to escape from
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studying the words more as a recollection of events. This is in contrast to looking at a collection of "truths" that are outside and unrelated to the reader, but may develop a sense of reality/God. Such a reader is not obligated to follow the commandments as if an external agent is forcing these
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Another characteristic feature of the Look is that no Other really needs to have been there: It is possible that the creaking floorboard was simply the movement of an old house; the Look is not some kind of mystical telepathic experience of the actual way the Other sees one (there may have been
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The absurd contrasts with the claim that "bad things don't happen to good people"; to the world, metaphorically speaking, there is no such thing as a good person or a bad person; what happens happens, and it may just as well happen to a "good" person as to a "bad" person. Because of the world's
1599:, the latter being "consideredâto what would have been Camus's irritationâthe exemplary existentialist novel." Camus, like many others, rejected the existentialist label, and considered his works concerned with facing the absurd. In the titular book, Camus uses the analogy of the Greek myth of
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Like
Kierkegaard, Sartre saw problems with rationality, calling it a form of "bad faith", an attempt by the self to impose structure on a world of phenomenaâ"the Other"âthat is fundamentally irrational and random. According to Sartre, rationality and other forms of bad faith hinder people from
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It can also be seen in relation to the previous point how angst is before nothing, and this is what sets it apart from fear that has an object. While one can take measures to remove an object of fear, for angst no such "constructive" measures are possible. The use of the word "nothing" in this
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is an abstract form that also must inevitably run into trouble whenever it is to be applied to the concrete. To the same degree as the subjective thinker is concrete, to that same degree his form must also be concretely dialectical. But just as he himself is not a poet, not an ethicist, not a
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as an explanation for anxiety. The assertion is that anxiety is manifested of an individual's complete freedom to decide, and complete responsibility for the outcome of such decisions. Psychotherapists using an existentialist approach believe that a patient can harness his anxiety and use it
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perspective, which establishes that life's purpose is the fulfillment of God's commandments. This is what gives meaning to people's lives. To live the life of the absurd means rejecting a life that finds or pursues specific meaning for man's existence since there is nothing to be discovered.
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While this experience, in its basic phenomenological sense, constitutes the world as objective and oneself as objectively existing subjectivity (one experiences oneself as seen in the Other's Look in precisely the same way that one experiences the Other as seen by him, as subjectivity), in
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Sartre is committed to a radical conception of freedom: nothing fixes our purpose but we ourselves, our projects have no weight or inertia except for our endorsement of them. Simone de
Beauvoir, on the other hand, holds that there are various factors, grouped together under the term
2223:." The play also illustrates an attitude toward human experience on earth: the poignancy, oppression, camaraderie, hope, corruption, and bewilderment of human experience that can be reconciled only in the mind and art of the absurdist. The play examines questions such as death, the
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end..." Within this view, Nietzsche ties in his rejection of the existence of God, which he sees as a means to "redeem the world." By rejecting the existence of God, Nietzsche also rejects beliefs that claim humans have a predestined purpose according to what God has instructed.
1151:, in that they define the nature of their own existence. Nietzsche's idealized individual invents his own values and creates the very terms they excel under. By contrast, Kierkegaard, opposed to the level of abstraction in Hegel, and not nearly as hostile (actually welcoming) to
458:: "Man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the worldâand defines himself afterwards." The more positive, therapeutic aspect of this is also implied: a person can choose to act in a different way, and to be a good person instead of a cruel person.
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in existentialism is related to the limits of responsibility one bears, as a result of one's freedom. The relationship between freedom and responsibility is one of interdependency and a clarification of freedom also clarifies that for which one is responsible.
339:". For others, existentialism need not involve the rejection of God, but rather "examines mortal man's search for meaning in a meaningless universe", considering less "What is the good life?" (to feel, be, or do, good), instead asking "What is life good for?".
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The notion of the absurd contains the idea that there is no meaning in the world beyond what meaning we give it. This meaninglessness also encompasses the amorality or "unfairness" of the world. This can be highlighted in the way it opposes the traditional
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Existentialism is associated with several 19th- and 20th-century European philosophers who shared an emphasis on the human subject, despite often profound differences in thought. Among the earliest figures associated with existentialism are philosophers
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helping people avoid living their lives in ways that put them in the perpetual danger of having everything meaningful break down is common to most existentialist philosophers. The possibility of having everything meaningful break down poses a threat of
1684:), he attempted to reinvigorate what he perceived as a pessimistic philosophy and bring it to a wider audience. He was not, however, academically trained, and his work was attacked by professional philosophers for lack of rigor and critical standards.
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are themselves products of past choices and can be changed by choosing differently in the present, but such changes happen slowly. They are a force of inertia that shapes the agent's evaluative outlook on the world until the transition is complete.
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leaves and the door is shut and locked. All three expect to be tortured, but no torturer arrives. Instead, they realize they are there to torture each other, which they do effectively by probing each other's sins, desires, and unpleasant memories.
709:. In this example, considering both facticity and transcendence, an authentic mode of being would be considering future projects that might improve one's current finances (e.g. putting in extra hours, or investing savings) in order to arrive at a
1296:, published in 1922. For Buber, the fundamental fact of human existence, too readily overlooked by scientific rationalism and abstract philosophical thought, is "man with man", a dialogue that takes place in the so-called "sphere of between" (
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of the two; life becomes absurd due to the incompatibility between human beings and the world they inhabit. This view constitutes one of the two interpretations of the absurd in existentialist literature. The second view, first elaborated by
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and our awareness of death. Kierkegaard advocated rationality as a means to interact with the objective world (e.g., in the natural sciences), but when it comes to existential problems, reason is insufficient: "Human reason has boundaries".
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is a possible means for an individual to reach a higher stage of existence that transcends and contains both an aesthetic and ethical value of life. Kierkegaard and Nietzsche were also precursors to other intellectual movements, including
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consider the term existentialism to have originated from Kierkegaard, it is more likely that Kierkegaard adopted this term (or at least the term "existential" as a description of his philosophy) from the Norwegian poet and literary critic
1747:" and the "horror of war". The film tells the story of a fictional World War I French army regiment ordered to attack an impregnable German stronghold; when the attack fails, three soldiers are chosen at random, court-martialed by a "
1622:. Although often overlooked due to her relationship with Sartre, de Beauvoir integrated existentialism with other forms of thinking such as feminism, unheard of at the time, resulting in alienation from fellow writers such as Camus.
1139:. Unlike Pascal, Kierkegaard and Nietzsche also considered the role of making free choices, particularly regarding fundamental values and beliefs, and how such choices change the nature and identity of the chooser. Kierkegaard's
905:. Existentialism asserts that people make decisions based on subjective meaning rather than pure rationality. The rejection of reason as the source of meaning is a common theme of existentialist thought, as is the focus on the
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categories, an "essence". The actual life of the individual is what constitutes what could be called their "true essence" instead of an arbitrarily attributed essence others use to define them. Human beings, through their own
409:, who taught that essence precedes individual existence. Although it was Sartre who explicitly coined the phrase, similar notions can be found in the thought of existentialist philosophers such as Heidegger, and Kierkegaard:
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Many critics argue Sartre's philosophy is contradictory. For example, see Magda Stroe's arguments. Specifically, they argue that Sartre makes metaphysical arguments despite his claiming that his philosophical views ignore
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task, simply by continually applying himself to it. The first half of the book contains an extended rebuttal of what Camus took to be existentialist philosophy in the works of Kierkegaard, Shestov, Heidegger, and Jaspers.
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Some interpret the imperative to define oneself as meaning that anyone can wish to be anything. However, an existentialist philosopher would say such a wish constitutes an inauthentic existence â what Sartre would call
1311:, became well known as existentialist thinkers during their post-Revolutionary exiles in Paris. Shestov had launched an attack on rationalism and systematization in philosophy as early as 1905 in his book of aphorisms
799:. For the conscious state of shame to be experienced, one has to become aware of oneself as an object of another look, proving a priori, that other minds exist. The Look is then co-constitutive of one's facticity.
2526:, is a developing area of study within the academic study of psychology. It looks at what researchers claim are implicit emotional reactions of people confronted with the knowledge that they will eventually die.
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Many existentialists considered traditional systematic or academic philosophies, in style and content, to be too abstract and removed from concrete human experience. A primary virtue in existentialist thought is
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as Nietzsche, argues through a pseudonym that the objective certainty of religious truths (specifically Christian) is not only impossible, but even founded on logical paradoxes. Yet he continues to imply that a
2118:, 1932) celebrated by both Sartre and Beauvoir, contained many of the themes that would be found in later existential literature, and is in some ways, the proto-existential novel. Jean-Paul Sartre's 1938 novel
2486:, V. E. Gebsattel, Roland Kuhn, G. Caruso, F. T. Buytendijk, G. Bally, and Victor Franklâwere almost entirely unknown to the American psychotherapeutic community until Rollo May's highly influential 1958 book
1379:. They shared an admiration for Kierkegaard, and in the 1930s, Heidegger lectured extensively on Nietzsche. Nevertheless, the extent to which Heidegger should be considered an existentialist is debatable. In
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specific historical conditions of human existence into ontological and metaphysical characteristics. Existentialism thus becomes part of the very ideology which it attacks, and its radicalism is illusory."
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Sartre argued that a central proposition of existentialism is that existence precedes essence, which is to say that individuals shape themselves by existing and cannot be perceived through preconceived and
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that existentialism has created many of its own difficulties: "We can see how this question of freedom of the will has been vitiated by post-romantic philosophy, with its inbuilt tendency to laziness and
2586:, we can also see how it came about that existentialism found itself in a hole of its own digging, and how the philosophical developments since then have amounted to walking in circles round that hole."
856:: "Let each one learn what he can; both of us can learn that a person's unhappiness never lies in his lack of control over external conditions, since this would only make him completely unhappy." In
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In contrast, the inauthentic is the denial to live in accordance with one's freedom. This can take many forms, from pretending choices are meaningless or random, convincing oneself that some form of
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constructively. Instead of suppressing anxiety, patients are advised to use it as grounds for change. By embracing anxiety as inevitable, a person can use it to achieve his full potential in life.
1773:), is characteristic of both existentialist and absurdist themes in its depiction of a man (Joseph K.) arrested for a crime for which the charges are neither revealed to him nor to the reader.
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Kierkegaard is generally considered to have been the first existentialist philosopher. He proposed that each individualânot reason, society, or religious orthodoxyâis solely tasked with giving
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Sartrean terms, no human essence found in conventional reality on which to constitute the individual's sense of identity, despair is a universal human condition. As Kierkegaard defines it in
550:, holds that absurdity is limited to actions and choices of human beings. These are considered absurd since they issue from human freedom, undermining their foundation outside of themselves.
263:, at a colloquium in 1945, Sartre rejected it. Sartre subsequently changed his mind and, on October 29, 1945, publicly adopted the existentialist label in a lecture to the Club Maintenant in
720:. Freedom "produces" angst when limited by facticity and the lack of the possibility of having facticity to "step in" and take responsibility for something one has done also produces angst.
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to a packed meeting of the Club Maintenant. Beauvoir wrote that "not a week passed without the newspapers discussing us"; existentialism became "the first media craze of the postwar era."
1031:(1943): "All these questions, which refer us to a pure and not an accessory (or impure) reflection, can find their reply only on the ethical plane. We shall devote to them a future work."
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word that he said covered a certain thinking, which had a close and positive attitude to life, a relationship he described as existential". This was then brought to Kierkegaard by Sibbern.
1360:-philosophy is the way of thought by means of which man seeks to become himself...This way of thought does not cognize objects, but elucidates and makes actual the being of the thinker".
1797:. Existential themes of individuality, consciousness, freedom, choice, and responsibility are heavily relied upon throughout the entire series, particularly through the philosophies of
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in explicating Hegel in a series of lectures given in Paris in the 1930s. The lectures were highly influential; members of the audience included not only Sartre and Merleau-Ponty, but
2639:. Sartre reverses this statement. But the reversal of a metaphysical statement remains a metaphysical statement. With it, he stays with metaphysics, in oblivion of the truth of Being.
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Following the Second World War, existentialism became a well-known and significant philosophical and cultural movement, mainly through the public prominence of two French writers,
2569:, assert that existentialists are often confused about the verb "to be" in their analyses of "being". Specifically, they argue that the verb "is" is transitive and pre-fixed to a
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1325:, long before coining the term "existentialism", introduced important existentialist themes to a French audience in his early essay "Existence and Objectivity" (1925) and in his
1278:, he stands apart from the mainstream of German philosophy. Born into a Jewish family in Vienna in 1878, he was also a scholar of Jewish culture and involved at various times in
2269:, for the presence of two central characters who appear almost as two halves of a single character. Many plot features are similar as well: the characters pass time by playing
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Some scholars argue that the term should be used to refer only to the cultural movement in Europe in the 1940s and 1950s associated with the works of the philosophers Sartre,
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for projecting anxiety and meaninglessness onto the nature of existence itself: "Insofar as Existentialism is a philosophical doctrine, it remains an idealistic doctrine: it
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follows Kierkegaard's analysis of anxiety and life's absurdity, but puts forward the thesis that modern humans must, via God, achieve selfhood in spite of life's absurdity.
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2317:(based on Esslin's book), denied affiliations with existentialism and were often staunchly anti-philosophical (for example Ionesco often claimed he identified more with
2454:. Foucault was a great reader of Kierkegaard even though he almost never refers to this author, who nonetheless had for him an importance as secret as it was decisive.
1217:, the protagonist Raskolnikov experiences an existential crisis and then moves toward a Christian Orthodox worldview similar to that advocated by Dostoyevsky himself.
554:
absurdity, anything can happen to anyone at any time and a tragic event could plummet someone into direct confrontation with the absurd. Many of the literary works of
999:
Existentialist philosophers often stress the importance of angst as signifying the absolute lack of any objective ground for action, a move that is often reduced to
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used Kierkegaard's and Heidegger's philosophy of existence to demythologize Christianity by interpreting Christian mythical concepts into existentialist concepts.
1211:. Other Dostoyevsky novels covered issues raised in existentialist philosophy while presenting story lines divergent from secular existentialism: for example, in
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greatly influenced Sartre. However, in later years they were to disagree irreparably, dividing many existentialists such as de Beauvoir, who sided with Sartre.
1249:. A novelist, poet and dramatist as well as philosophy professor at the University of Salamanca, Unamuno wrote a short story about a priest's crisis of faith,
2219:âanything "to hold the terrible silence at bay". The play "exploits several archetypal forms and situations, all of which lend themselves to both comedy and
723:
Another aspect of existential freedom is that one can change one's values. One is responsible for one's values, regardless of society's values. The focus on
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was "steeped in Existential ideas", and is considered an accessible way of grasping his philosophical stance. Between 1900 and 1960, other authors such as
2577:) (without a predicate, the word "is" is meaningless), and that existentialists frequently misuse the term in this manner. Wilson has stated in his book
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3157:
1017:(1942): "One must imagine Sisyphus happy". and it is only very rarely that existentialist philosophers dismiss morality or one's self-created meaning:
5676:
1610:, an important existentialist who spent much of her life as Sartre's partner, wrote about feminist and existentialist ethics in her works, including
1259:, writing in 1914, held that human existence must always be defined as the individual person combined with the concrete circumstances of his life: "
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1352:âwho later described existentialism as a "phantom" created by the publicâcalled his own thought, heavily influenced by Kierkegaard and Nietzsche,
1564:. Heidegger's reputation continued to grow in France during the 1950s and 1960s. In the 1960s, Sartre attempted to reconcile existentialism and
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1407:, who wrote best-selling novels, plays and widely read journalism as well as theoretical texts. These years also saw the growing reputation of
1096:, are to be found in existential reflections." Precursors to existentialism can also be identified in the works of Iranian Muslim philosopher
757:
How one "should" act is often determined by an image one has, of how one in such a role (bank manager, lion tamer, sex worker, etc.) acts. In
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A major offshoot of existentialism as a philosophy is existentialist psychology and psychoanalysis, which first crystallized in the work of
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1263:" ("I am myself and my circumstances"). Sartre likewise believed that human existence is not an abstract matter, but is always situated ("
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why it has walls and a roof. Humans are different from houses becauseâunlike housesâthey do not have an inbuilt purpose: they are free to
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portrays a man unable to fit into society and unhappy with the identities he creates for himself. Sartre, in his book on existentialism
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regained a sort of morality in the religious (although he would not agree that it was ethical; the religious suspends the ethical), and
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Existentialism, existentialists, and Marxism: From critique to integration within the philosophical establishment in Socialist Romania
1231:
In the first decades of the 20th century, a number of philosophers and writers explored existentialist ideas. The Spanish philosopher
795:. For Sartre, this phenomenological experience of shame establishes proof for the existence of other minds and defeats the problem of
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also presents arguments founded on existentialist ideas. It is a tragedy inspired by Greek mythology and the play of the same name (
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makes all humans existentialists. The ultimate hero of absurdism lives without meaning and faces suicide without succumbing to it.
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Existentialism and Its Relevance to the Contemporary System of Education in India: Existentialism and Present Educational Scenario
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criticized "the profoundly unsound methods and the dangerous contempt for reason that have been so prominent in existentialism."
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Some have argued that existentialism has long been an element of European religious thought, even before the term came into use.
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someone there, but he could have not noticed that person). It is only one's perception of the way another might perceive him.
693:, which for humans takes the form of being and not being. It is the facts of one's personal life and as per Heidegger, it is "
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whereby he questions his reason for being. This, in turn, leads him to a better understanding of humanity. The French film,
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1492:. Works by Camus and Sartre were already appearing in foreign editions. The Paris-based existentialists had become famous.
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do not study philosophy 'existentially;' to use a phrase by Welhaven from one time when I spoke with him about philosophy."
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279:), a short book that helped popularize existentialist thought. Marcel later came to reject the label himself in favour of
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A more recent contributor to the development of a European version of existentialist psychotherapy is the British-based
1007:. A pervasive theme in existentialist philosophy, however, is to persist through encounters with the absurd, as seen in
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According to Albert Camus, the world or the human being is not in itself absurd. The concept only emerges through the
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Deurzen, Emmy; Craig, Erik; LĂ€ngle, Alfried; Schneider, Kirk J.; Tantam, Digby; Plock, Simon, eds. (2019-05-28).
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explores the existence and experiences of Black people in the world. Classical and contemporary thinkers include
2110:
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Camus was a friend of Sartre, until their falling-out, and wrote several works with existential themes including
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The first important literary author also important to existentialism was the Russian, Dostoyevsky. Dostoyevsky's
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Philosophy 101: from Plato and Socrates to ethics and metaphysics, an essential primer on the history of thought
1664:(1945) was recognized as a major statement of French existentialism. It has been said that Merleau-Ponty's work
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Sartre. Sartre posits the idea that "what all existentialists have in common is the fundamental doctrine that
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than with existentialism), the playwrights are often linked to existentialism based on Esslin's observation.
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Existential perspectives are also found in modern literature to varying degrees, especially since the 1920s.
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1391:); and this has led many commentators to treat him as an important figure in the existentialist movement.
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in 1928. They held many philosophical discussions, but later became estranged over Heidegger's support of
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4259:. Penguin books (Repr. of the 1954 ed. publ. by The Viking Press, New York ed.). New York: Penguin.
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wrote his major philosophical works in German, and studied and taught at the Universities of Berlin and
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5133:"Zarathustra . . . Cthulhu . Meursault: Existential Futility in H.P. Lovecraft's 'The Call of Cthulhu'"
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1751:", and executed by firing squad. The film examines existentialist ethics, such as the issue of whether
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Kaufmann, Walter Arnold, From Shakespeare To Existentialism (Princeton University Press 1979), p. xvi.
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2469:. One of the most prolific writers on techniques and theory of existentialist psychology in the US is
608:, which is inherently against the existentialist philosophy. It has been said that the possibility of
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1743:"illustrates, and even illuminates...existentialism" by examining the "necessary absurdity of the
401:, create their own values and determine a meaning to their life. This view is in contradiction to
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also had major impetus from existentialist psychology and shares many of the fundamental tenets.
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3892:"Reassessing Existential Constructs and Subjectivity: Freedom and Authenticity in Neoliberalism"
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Existentialists oppose defining human beings as primarily rational, and, therefore, oppose both
421:. His form must be just as manifold as are the opposites that he holds together. The systematic
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was borrowed from the poet. He strongly believes that it was Kierkegaard himself who said that "
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Bassey, Magnus O. (2007). "What is Africana Critical Theory or Black Existential Philosophy?".
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was published in French in 1938, and his essays began to appear in French philosophy journals.
1511:. Heidegger's thought had also become known in French philosophical circles through its use by
1203:
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1176:, Nietzsche's sentiments resonate the idea of "existence precedes essence." He writes, "no one
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can be regarded as a form of existentialist therapy. The existentialists would also influence
2054:, the protagonist's experiences as an intern in a rural health clinic in Japan lead him to an
1255:, which has been collected in anthologies of existentialist fiction. Another Spanish thinker,
1169:
However, Kierkegaard believed that individuals should live in accordance with their thinking.
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as existentialists. According to Wahl, "the origins of most great philosophies, like those of
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The Library of Living Philosophers IX, Tudor Publishing Company, 1957, p. 75/2 and following.
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3974:"despair â definition of despair by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia"
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3403:(Revised and expanded ed.). San Francisco, California: Harper San Francisco. pp.
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focuses on the protagonist's desire to find existential meaning. Similarly, in Kurosawa's
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1558:, Heidegger distanced himself from Sartre's position and existentialism in general in his
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of Sartre. Unlike Sartre, Marcel was a Christian, and became a Catholic convert in 1929.
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5506:, Erkenntnis (1932), pp. 219â41. Carnap's critique of Heidegger's "What is Metaphysics."
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Sariel, Aviram. "Jonasian Gnosticism." Harvard Theological Review 116.1 (2023): 91-122.
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4717:. By Jerold J. Abrams. Published 2007. University Press of Kentucky. SBN 0-8131-2445-X
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By the end of 1947, Camus' earlier fiction and plays had been reprinted, his new play
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2398:, Freud's closest associate for 20 years. Without awareness of the writings of Rank,
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encountered." Later, however, in response to a question posed by his French follower
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worldliness. ... Lovingly to hope all things is the opposite of despairingly to hope
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according to their metaphysical meaning, which, from Plato's time on, has said that
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It is because of the devastating awareness of meaninglessness that Camus claimed in
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1022:
958:
583:
579:
260:
223:. Existentialism would influence many disciplines outside of philosophy, including
196:
188:
100:
41:
For the philosophical position commonly seen as the antonym of existentialism, see
6424:
3397:
3366:(Revised and expanded ed.). San Francisco, California: Harper San Francisco.
3248:
136:
14515:
14455:
14340:
14188:
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8799:
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8333:
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7728:
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2015:
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1999:
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1862:
1782:
1744:
1731:
1645:
1524:
1516:
1470:
1283:
1140:
1128:
689:
302:. Others extend the term to Kierkegaard, and yet others extend it as far back as
244:
124:
7473:
6060:
4429:
The Library of Living Philosophers IX, Tudor Publishing Company, 1957, p. 75/11.
4175:
1528:
1383:
he presented a method of rooting philosophical explanations in human existence (
742:
Many noted existentialists consider the theme of authentic existence important.
14545:
14465:
14420:
14360:
14325:
14117:
14030:
13843:
13634:
13468:
13391:
13286:
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12895:
12779:
12669:
12607:
12526:
12516:
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12297:
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12217:
12202:
12177:
11982:
11972:
11912:
11860:
11797:
11692:
11617:
11574:
11554:
11343:
11219:
10874:
10864:
10859:
10783:
10507:
10288:
10278:
10133:
10118:
10063:
9834:
9499:
9345:
9310:
9267:
9242:
9237:
9230:
9190:
9069:
9049:
9034:
9019:
9004:
8964:
8959:
8894:
8874:
8839:
8794:
8779:
8237:
8105:
8070:
8002:
7976:
7661:
7600:
7513:
7356:
7252:
6995:
6675:
6469:
6439:
6404:
6333:
6328:
5386:
4849:
4827:
2685:
2655:
2623:
Existentialism says existence precedes essence. In this statement he is taking
2490:âand especially his introductory essayâintroduced their work into this country.
2470:
2407:
2337:
2301:
2260:
2202:
2180:
2120:
2007:
1987:
1979:
1959:
1748:
1739:
1723:
1706:
1612:
1500:
1431:
1322:
1077:
1000:
775:
The Other (written with a capital "O") is a concept more properly belonging to
559:
492:
332:
256:
208:
128:
9094:
7683:
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4663:
3904:
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14500:
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13770:
13763:
13656:
13609:
13502:
13358:
12970:
12910:
12860:
12699:
12637:
12622:
12521:
12436:
12365:
12317:
12225:
12207:
11952:
11877:
11760:
11740:
11652:
11607:
10818:
10577:
10303:
10253:
10218:
10198:
10178:
9743:
9564:
9529:
9454:
9289:
9124:
9074:
9009:
8969:
8829:
8809:
8759:
8297:
8209:
8139:
7881:
7671:
7605:
7562:
7431:
7056:
6842:
6824:
6444:
6374:
6303:
6231:
5900:
5278:
5270:
5244:
4626:
4562:
Introduction to the Reading of Hegel: Lectures on the Phenomenology of Spirit
4442:
The Library of Living Philosophers IX, Tudor Publishing Company, 1957, p. 40.
4317:
3913:
3085:
2940:
2748:
2562:
2519:
2502:
2423:
2419:
2403:
2313:
2293:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2065:
1874:
1735:
1637:
1555:
1532:
1461:, and two weeks later gave the widely reported lecture on existentialism and
1162:
1157:
1081:
1073:
1065:
1049:
858:
587:
542:
497:
398:
360:
13327:
9389:
6590:
6014:
3422:
3381:
1144:
14535:
14335:
14240:
14086:
14060:
13969:
13651:
13639:
13587:
13547:
13542:
13406:
13401:
13251:
13194:
13025:
13020:
13015:
12990:
12960:
12694:
12567:
12501:
12496:
12431:
12287:
12272:
11897:
11887:
11850:
11840:
11830:
11722:
11637:
11569:
11466:
11130:
10854:
10803:
10557:
10323:
10258:
10148:
10058:
9908:
9778:
9688:
9668:
9494:
9379:
9365:
9215:
9114:
9014:
8979:
8904:
8834:
8824:
8774:
8764:
8328:
8318:
8277:
8257:
8029:
7992:
7951:
7837:
7787:
7448:
7426:
7404:
7351:
7319:
7191:
7051:
6962:
6758:
6524:
6514:
6449:
6419:
6399:
6389:
6348:
6288:
6283:
6253:
5634:
5602:
4964:
Stages of Struggle: Modern Playwrights and Their Psychological Inspirations
3655:
3610:
3575:
3537:
2907:
2670:
2538:
2457:
An early contributor to existentialist psychology in the United States was
2447:
2373:
2353:
2349:
2276:
2230:
2157:
2125:
2027:
1971:
1794:
1760:
1714:
1702:
1671:
1625:
1547:
1404:
1349:
1271:
1152:
1008:
591:
490:
Sartre's definition of existentialism was based on Heidegger's magnum opus
299:
212:
204:
192:
42:
5438:
5319:
3718:
3003:, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1999, p. 12-13 & 18â19.
306:. However, it is often identified with the philosophical views of Sartre.
62:
14475:
14223:
14218:
14210:
14195:
14020:
13925:
13736:
13572:
13537:
13517:
13497:
13475:
13440:
12950:
12754:
12531:
12192:
11917:
11902:
11782:
11777:
11323:
11256:
11175:
11140:
11120:
10788:
10648:
10313:
10233:
10163:
10113:
9891:
9819:
9798:
9753:
9718:
9673:
9644:
9569:
9479:
9384:
9279:
9210:
9154:
9144:
9139:
9099:
8914:
8889:
8864:
8849:
8699:
8323:
8262:
8134:
8114:
8019:
7956:
7916:
7896:
7822:
7792:
7453:
7389:
7081:
7066:
6942:
6932:
6881:
6847:
6786:
6504:
6409:
6323:
6293:
5660:(3rd ed.). Thriplow, Cambridge: Icon Books (UK), Totem Books (USA).
5398:
4713:
Holt, Jason. "Existential Ethics: Where do the Paths of Glory Lead?". In
4451:
Karl Jaspers, "Philosophical Autobiography" in Paul Arthur Schilpp (ed.)
4438:
Karl Jaspers, "Philosophical Autobiography" in Paul Arthur Schilpp (ed.)
4425:
Karl Jaspers, "Philosophical Autobiography" in Paul Arthur Schilpp (ed.)
3871:"Sartre, Jean Paul: Existentialism | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy"
3810:"Sartre, Jean Paul: Existentialism | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy"
3399:
Basic Writings: From Being and Time (1927) to The Task of thinking (1964)
3364:
Basic Writings: From Being and Time (1927) to The Task of Thinking (1964)
2767:
2596:
2479:
2462:
2427:
2377:
2357:
2250:
in 1966. The play expands upon the exploits of two minor characters from
2243:
2137:
2129:
2097:
2086:
2031:
1898:
1850:
1304:
1245:
1097:
902:
892:
792:
751:
594:
contain descriptions of people who encounter the absurdity of the world.
563:
528:
368:
343:
180:
10709:
5417:
Note: The copyright year has not changed, but the book remains in print.
5286:
4756:
1574:. A major theme throughout his writings was freedom and responsibility.
1507:, and he included critical comments on their work in his major treatise
713:
of a modest pay rise, further leading to purchase of an affordable car.
520:
73:
14006:
13994:
13964:
13930:
13870:
13552:
13010:
12980:
12975:
12955:
12905:
12816:
12674:
12617:
12577:
12572:
12342:
12265:
11845:
11642:
11564:
11549:
11338:
11308:
11271:
11229:
11224:
11155:
10793:
10447:
10173:
10138:
10088:
9973:
9871:
9758:
9683:
9524:
9429:
8869:
8169:
7997:
7946:
7936:
7807:
7711:
7656:
7463:
7443:
7309:
7076:
6990:
6819:
6766:
6730:
6634:
6379:
6260:
6078:
4826:
For an examination of the existentialist elements within the film, see
3093:
2566:
2506:
2365:
2361:
2322:
2309:
1935:
1856:
1838:
1629:
1364:
1292:
1166:
954:
898:
888:
694:
116:
6061:
Buddhists, Existentialists and Situationists: Waking up in Waking Life
4467:
The Existentialist Moment: The Rise of Sartre as a Public Intellectual
4062:
1680:
in 1956, initially to critical acclaim. In this book and others (e.g.
131:
of human existence. Common concepts in existentialist thought include
82:
14440:
14277:
14012:
13974:
13567:
13381:
13226:
13138:
12870:
12850:
12749:
12659:
12632:
12612:
12557:
12426:
12235:
11987:
11712:
11534:
11363:
11328:
11313:
11276:
10693:
10607:
10572:
10552:
10098:
9983:
9913:
9866:
9829:
9768:
9698:
9559:
9554:
9539:
9409:
9180:
9149:
9059:
8184:
8179:
8039:
7966:
7901:
7772:
7706:
7518:
7508:
7503:
7478:
7274:
6834:
6796:
6474:
6226:
6182:
5743:
4238:(Winter 2017 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
4116:
3935:(Summer 2023 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
3516:
3299:
2523:
2466:
2458:
2435:
2395:
2092:
2050:
1983:
1929:
1287:
1275:
1148:
1089:
1057:
914:
852:
817:"Existential angst", sometimes called existential dread, anxiety, or
796:
621:
515:
482:, that offer resistance to attempts to change our direction in life.
402:
148:
144:
120:
30:"Existential" redirects here. For the logical sense of the term, see
7409:
3849:. Translated by Barnes, Hazel E. New York: Washington Square Press.
3342:
3191:[Welhaven and psychology: Part 2. Welhaven points forward].
14430:
14126:
13947:
13775:
13690:
13629:
13592:
13256:
13221:
12855:
12840:
12764:
12759:
12724:
12714:
12627:
12562:
12536:
12054:
12044:
11529:
11524:
11519:
11471:
11318:
11234:
11202:
11115:
11107:
10798:
10773:
10741:
10736:
10547:
10108:
9963:
9738:
9703:
9439:
9350:
9305:
8014:
7921:
7886:
7844:
7832:
7620:
7414:
7314:
7257:
7061:
7015:
6899:
6241:
6053:
6049:"Existentialism is a Humanism", a lecture given by Jean-Paul Sartre
3234:(Dictionary) "L'existencialisme" â see "l'identitĂ© de la personne"
2501:
Anxiety's importance in existentialism makes it a popular topic in
1830:
Some contemporary films dealing with existentialist issues include
1628:, an important existentialist theologian following Kierkegaard and
1600:
1372:
988:
524:
303:
224:
6001:
4220:
Luper, Steven. "Existing". Mayfield Publishing, 2000, pp. 4â5, 11.
3730:
3728:
187:. In the 20th century, prominent existentialist thinkers included
14345:
14200:
14112:
12880:
12769:
12734:
12689:
12684:
12679:
12592:
12582:
11303:
11214:
11135:
11125:
10768:
10721:
10397:
10103:
10033:
10003:
9968:
9903:
9861:
9846:
9713:
9340:
9220:
7641:
7615:
7610:
7552:
7547:
7379:
7267:
7262:
7221:
7043:
6889:
6771:
6091:
3870:
3809:
2583:
2216:
2175:
1565:
1368:
1279:
1136:
948:
would demand that the reader recognize that they are an existing
906:
868:
818:
724:
609:
406:
336:
156:
140:
5548:, trans. David Farrell Krell (London, Routledge; 1978), p. 208.
3316:
14365:
12865:
12806:
12739:
12664:
12541:
12151:
11373:
11266:
11145:
9993:
9943:
9856:
9728:
9373:
7906:
7827:
7557:
7216:
7206:
6904:
6806:
6209:
5311:
Existentia Africana: Understanding Africana Existential Thought
3725:
2255:
2220:
1978:
Notable directors known for their existentialist films include
1790:
1376:
123:. Existentialist philosophers explore questions related to the
9613:
3162:
Uriel Abulof, Human Odyssey to Political Existentialism (HOPE)
363:, who claimed to prove that Kierkegaard himself said the term
53:
14330:
14320:
14315:
13787:
13782:
12845:
12835:
11150:
10703:
10498:
Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments
10093:
10043:
9474:
9315:
7722:
7384:
6670:
6603:
6187:
5504:
Uberwindung der Metaphysik durch logische Analyse der Sprache
3973:
2974:
2075:
1892:
1786:
1367:, was acquainted with Heidegger, who held a professorship at
1085:
945:
910:
812:
717:
264:
5496:
5241:
The Modern American Theater: A Collection of Critical Essays
3249:"Aquinas: Metaphysics | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy"
2755:
2078:, United States to explore several existentialist concepts.
14460:
13107:
An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
12885:
12801:
12647:
12642:
12602:
10731:
10038:
10018:
10013:
9938:
9896:
9881:
9414:
5740:
Everyday Mysteries: a Handbook of Existential Psychotherapy
5426:
4281:
Dostoyevsky, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche and Kafka, Jabber-wacky
4042:. Harper & Row, Publishers. New York, N.Y. 1962. p. 62.
2533:
has refreshed the Socratic tradition with his own blend of
1093:
882:
784:
5543:
Basic Writings: Nine Key Essays, plus the Introduction to
4560:(Hodder Arnold, 2006, p. 158); see also Alexandre KojĂšve,
1429:
Sartre dealt with existentialist themes in his 1938 novel
12811:
12120:
10813:
7567:
6024:
5532:. Translated by Joris De Bres. London: NLB, 1972. p. 161.
3272:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
3189:"Welhaven og psykologien: Del 2. Welhaven peker fremover"
3158:"Episode 1: The Jumping Off Place [MOOC lecture]"
470:
their own purpose and thereby shape their essence; thus,
5528:
Marcuse, Herbert. "Sartre's Existentialism". Printed in
3791:
3789:
3001:
Apostles of Sartre: Existentialism in America, 1945â1963
2068:) embraced various elements of existentialism. The film
1658:, was for a time a companion of Sartre. Merleau-Ponty's
1340:, which he associated with the activity of the abstract
527:, the symbol of the absurdity of existence, painting by
259:
in the mid-1940s. When Marcel first applied the term to
14445:
10438:
A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge
4728:"Existential & Psychological Movie Recommendations"
4586:
Martin Heidegger, letter, quoted in RĂŒdiger Safranski,
4386:
Samuel M. Keen, "Gabriel Marcel" in Paul Edwards (ed.)
1805:. Episode 16's title, "The Sickness Unto Death, And..."
1290:. His best-known philosophical work was the short book
27:
Philosophical form of enquiry into subjective existence
5906:
Nihilism: The Root of the Revolution of the Modern Age
4684:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, p. 559).
4478:
4476:
4382:
4380:
4378:
2300:
pointed out how many contemporary playwrights such as
1884:. Likewise, films throughout the 20th century such as
754:
is true, or "mimicry" where one acts as "one should".
461:
Jonathan Webber interprets Sartre's usage of the term
6075:: The International Journal of Existential Literature
5688:
Beyond Sartre and Sterility: Surviving Existentialism
5471:"Terror Management Theory â Ernest Becker Foundation"
4699:
Colin Wilson, a Celebration: Essays and Recollections
3828:
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Existentialism,
3786:
3763:
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Existentialism,
3750:
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Existentialism,
3492:
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Existentialism,
3395:
Heidegger, Martin (1993). David Farrell Krell (ed.).
3362:
Heidegger, Martin (1993). David Farrell Krell (ed.).
2804:
1387:) to be analysed in terms of existential categories (
1131:
to life and living it sincerely, or "authentically".
309:
4144:
3267:
1495:
Sartre had traveled to Germany in 1930 to study the
1441:, and had published his treatise on existentialism,
359:
The second claim comes from the Norwegian historian
5969:(2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
5217:"From Forum, an Earnest and Painstaking 'Antigone'"
5189:
5022:
4778:"Existentialist Adaptations â Harvard Film Archive"
4697:University of Uppsala, 1983, p. 92. Colin Stanley,
4473:
4375:
4097:
3582:
3509:Bassnett, Susan; Lorch, Jennifer (March 18, 2014).
2962:
2383:
641:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
5874:
5851:
4923:
4125:. New York: Philosophical Library. pp. 32â33.
3486:
2871:
1769:, based upon Franz Kafka's book of the same name (
1455:; Sartre launched his journal of leftist thought,
6088:published by The Society for Existential Analysis
5678:Irrational Man: A Study in Existential Philosophy
5632:
4254:
3953:"Soren Kierkegaard and The Psychology of Anxiety"
3592:Pirandello and the Crisis of Modern Consciousness
707:not currently having the financial means to do so
14564:
5833:Existing: An Introduction to Existential Thought
5347:. Massachusetts: Perseus Publishing. p. 51.
5056:
4661:
2619:, Heidegger criticized Sartre's existentialism:
2074:, released in 1994, depicts life in a prison in
5430:The Wiley World Handbook of Existential Therapy
4614:Martin Heidegger: From Phenomenology to Thought
4486:, University of Chicago Press, 2004, Chapter 3
4255:Nietzsche, Friedrich; Kaufmann, Walter (1994).
3553:
3549:
3547:
3504:
3502:
2889:
1814:
1687:
716:Another aspect of facticity is that it entails
5090:
4655:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
1808:
1486:trilogy had appeared, as had Beauvoir's novel
13357:
13343:
12136:
10664:
9629:
8715:
6619:
6595:
6107:
5872:
5401:(Subsidiary of Perseus Books, L.L.C. p.
4891:Luigi Pirandello: The Humorous Existentialist
4856:
4837:
3931:, in Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.),
3508:
1546:French philosopher, novelist, and playwright
1435:and the short stories in his 1939 collection
1394:
1348:In Germany, the psychiatrist and philosopher
996:was an important philosopher in both fields.
695:the way in which we are thrown into the world
380:
183:and concerned themselves with the problem of
13083:Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel
6251:
6207:
5522:
5163:, 31 December 1964. Quoted in Knowlson, J.,
4954:
3557:Understanding Existentialism: Teach Yourself
3544:
3499:
2890:Guignon, Charles B.; Pereboom, Derk (2001).
2738:
2736:
1480:published; the first two novels of Sartre's
1116:
1108:, which is described as "alive and active".
913:that we feel in the face of our own radical
268:
5885:]. New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
5821:
5812:
5803:
5794:
5785:
5776:
5767:
5655:
5541:Martin Heidegger, "Letter on Humanism", in
4994:
4709:
4707:
4532:, University of Chicago Press, 2004, p. 48.
4519:, University of Chicago Press, 2004, p. 48.
4502:, University of Chicago Press, 2004, p. 44.
4359:, University of Chicago Press, 1955, p. 85.
4293:
4291:
4289:
3630:Living Masks: The Achievement of Pirandello
3268:Baird, Forrest E.; Walter Kaufmann (2008).
3062:Copleston, F. C. (2009). "Existentialism".
2865:Existentialism: From Dostoyevesky to Sartre
2774:
2197:Existentialist themes are displayed in the
1237:The Tragic Sense of Life in Men and Nations
13350:
13336:
12143:
12129:
10678:
10671:
10657:
9636:
9622:
8729:
8722:
8708:
6626:
6612:
6114:
6100:
5710:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5379:
5165:Damned to Fame: The Life of Samuel Beckett
4995:Graham, Maryemma; Singh, Amritjit (1995).
4573:Entry on KojĂšve in Martin Cohen (editor),
4556:Entry on KojĂšve in Martin Cohen (editor),
4335:. United States: Charles Scribner's Sons.
4060:
3438:
3047:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2742:
1363:Jaspers, a professor at the university of
1104:" becoming the principle expositor of the
976:
227:, drama, art, literature, and psychology.
12070:Relationship between religion and science
5909:. Saint Herman Press (1 September 1994).
5685:
5599:Albert Camus: Lyrical and Critical Essays
5569:Existentialism: A Very Short Introduction
5192:"A Tom Stoppard Bibliography: Chronology"
4960:
4921:
4865:Existentialism: A Guide for the Perplexed
4730:. Existential-therapy.com. Archived from
4603:(Harvard University Press, 1998, p. 356).
4590:(Harvard University Press, 1998, p. 349).
4547:, Harvard University Press, 1998, p. 343.
3903:
3463:
3394:
3361:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3061:
3035:The Cambridge Companion to Existentialism
2810:
2733:
2541:with his Chromatiques Center in Belgium.
2227:and the place of God in human existence.
1674:, an English writer, published his study
1147:are representative of people who exhibit
1123:SĂžren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche
961:introduced the concept of existentialist
764:
669:Learn how and when to remove this message
653:, without removing the technical details.
351:. This assertion comes from two sources:
119:inquiry that explores the issue of human
6066:
5764:. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
4988:
4887:
4862:
4704:
4601:Martin Heidegger â Between Good and Evil
4588:Martin Heidegger â Between Good and Evil
4297:
4286:
4229:
4150:
3622:
3620:
2920:
2862:
2847:
2505:. Therapists often offer existentialist
2085:
1701:
1640:to the general public. His seminal work
1541:
1413:
883:Opposition to positivism and rationalism
519:
417:, the form of his communication, is his
13115:Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
5964:
5945:
5835:. Mountain View, California: Mayfield.
5737:
5723:(2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
5674:
5373:Sartre, Foucault, and Historical Reason
5183:
5096:
4881:
4801:
4575:The Essentials of Philosophy and Ethics
4558:The Essentials of Philosophy and Ethics
4544:Martin Heidegger: Between Good and Evil
4236:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
4208:Kierkegaard's attack upon "Christendom"
4103:
4090:Camus, Albert. "The Myth of Sisyphus".
4003:SĂžren Kierkegaard's Journals and Papers
3933:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3626:
3032:
2791:
2761:
2236:Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead
14:
14565:
10996:Proper basis and Reformed epistemology
5983:
5936:
5927:
5849:
5718:
5342:
5307:
5256:
5190:Michael H. Hutchins (14 August 2006).
5130:
5066:Reading, Learning, Teach Ralph Ellison
5062:
5028:
4961:DiGaetani, John Louis (Jan 25, 2008).
4930:. University of South Carolina Press.
4915:
4843:
4682:The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
4625:
4205:
4135:
3841:
3668:
3588:
3554:Thompson, Mel; Rodgers, Nigel (2010).
3297:
3286:
3186:
3119:
2980:
2953:
2723:Nietzsche: A Biographical Introduction
2720:
2589:
2259:. Comparisons have also been drawn to
1821:is a reference to Kierkegaard's book,
1697:
1682:Introduction to the New Existentialism
1371:before acceding to Husserl's chair at
1100:(c. 1571â1635), who would posit that "
472:their existence precedes their essence
13331:
12124:
10652:
10468:Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
9617:
9520:Violence § Philosophical perspectives
8703:
8365:
7107:
6645:
6607:
6594:
6095:
5830:
5614:
5566:
5385:
4755:. Uhaweb.hartford.edu. Archived from
4464:
4370:Introduction to Modern Existentialism
4330:
4172:
3889:
3617:
3434:
3432:
3193:Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening
2968:
2877:
2850:Introduction to Modern Existentialism
2549:
1793:and was both directed and written by
1632:, applied existentialist concepts to
1220:
651:make it understandable to non-experts
14613:Philosophical schools and traditions
10568:Interpretations of quantum mechanics
10488:The World as Will and Representation
5899:
5214:
5196:The Stephen Sondheim Reference Guide
4115:
3698:
3494:3.1 Anxiety, Nothingness, the Absurd
2896:. Hackett Publishing. p. xiii.
2446:, with the work of thinkers such as
1975:also have existentialist qualities.
1336:with abstract, scientific-technical
625:
349:Johan Sebastian Cammermeyer Welhaven
13131:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
6041:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
6029:
6007:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
5605:(interviev with Jeanie Delpech, in
5001:. University of Mississippi Press.
4922:Bassanese, Fiora A. (Jan 1, 1997).
4888:Cincotta, Madeleine Strong (1989).
4668:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
4662:Bergoffen, Debra (September 2010).
4158:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
4067:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3926:
3777:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3735:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3340:
3321:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3314:
2852:. New York: Grove Press. p. 5.
2798:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1286:. In 1938, he moved permanently to
496:(1927). In the correspondence with
331:explains. According to philosopher
283:, in honor of Kierkegaard's essay "
24:
6121:
5986:Existentialism: A Beginner's Guide
5788:Concluding Unscientific Postscript
5625:
5611:, November 15, 1945). p. 345.
5100:Ralph Ellison: Emergence of Genius
5097:Jackson, Lawrence Patrick (2007).
4894:. University of Wollongong Press.
4616:(Martjinus Nijhoff, 1967, p. 351).
4357:Martin Buber. The Life of Dialogue
4333:I and Thou. Trans. Walter Kaufmann
3441:Existentialism: A Beginner's Guide
3429:
3304:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3155:
3013:L'Existentialisme est un Humanisme
2983:Existentialist Thinkers and Ethics
2183:originally published in French as
806:
681:Facticity is defined by Sartre in
310:Definitional issues and background
271:L'existentialisme est un humanisme
115:is a family of views and forms of
25:
14639:
14541:Western European and Others Group
5994:
5370:
5178:Samuel Beckett The Last Modernist
5167:(London: Bloomsbury, 1996), p. 57
4867:. London: Continuum. p. 75.
4780:. Hcl.harvard.edu. Archived from
4715:The Philosophy of Stanley Kubrick
4680:Madison, G. B., in Robert Audi's
4564:(Cornell University Press, 1980).
4140:. Modern Library. pp. ix, 3.
4122:A Short History of Existentialism
2867:. New York: Meridian. p. 12.
2461:, who was strongly influenced by
1881:Everything Everywhere All at Once
1474:had been performed and his novel
944:An existentialist reading of the
13312:
13311:
12105:
12104:
12094:
10631:
10621:
10620:
8683:
8682:
8669:
5965:Solomon, Robert C., ed. (2005).
5854:Basic Writings of Existentialism
5721:Existentialism: A Reconstruction
5535:
5509:
5487:
5463:
5420:
5364:
5351:
5336:
5301:
5250:
5243:. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:
5233:
5215:Wren, Celia (12 December 2007).
5208:
5180:(London: Flamingo, 1997), p. 391
5170:
5154:
5124:
4998:Conversations with Ralph Ellison
4820:
4804:"Review: 'Synecdoche, New York'"
4390:, Macmillan Publishing Co, 1967.
4138:Basic Writings of Existentialism
3896:Journal of Humanistic Psychology
3589:Caputi, Anthony Francis (1988).
2956:Existentialism: A Reconstruction
2792:Crowell, Steven (October 2010).
2384:Psychoanalysis and psychotherapy
1785:animation series created by the
1755:is possible and the "problem of
877:SĂžren Kierkegaard, Works of Love
630:
81:
72:
61:
52:
10418:Meditations on First Philosophy
9643:
5591:
5345:Recollections: An Autobiography
5308:Gordon, Lewis R. (2000-04-11).
5103:. University of Georgia Press.
4795:
4770:
4745:
4720:
4687:
4674:
4619:
4606:
4593:
4580:
4567:
4550:
4535:
4522:
4505:
4492:
4458:
4445:
4432:
4419:
4406:
4393:
4388:The Encyclopaedia of Philosophy
4362:
4349:
4324:
4273:
4248:
4223:
4214:
4199:
4166:
4129:
4109:
4084:
4054:
4045:
4032:
4008:
3996:
3987:
3966:
3945:
3920:
3883:
3863:
3835:
3822:
3802:
3770:
3757:
3744:
3739:2.1 Facticity and Transcendence
3692:
3662:
3512:Luigi Pirandello in the Theatre
3457:
3388:
3355:
3334:
3308:
3261:
3241:
3228:
3219:
3210:
3180:
3164:. edX/Princeton. Archived from
3149:
3108:
3055:
3026:
3006:
2993:
2987:McGill-Queen's University Press
2947:
2914:
2111:Journey to the End of the Night
1942:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
1111:
731:
13099:The Theory of Moral Sentiments
12469:Value monism â Value pluralism
6633:
5948:Kierkegaard and Existentialism
5530:Studies in Critical Philosophy
5359:Kierkegaard and Existentialism
5131:Gurnow, Michael (2008-10-15).
4926:Understanding Luigi Pirandello
4802:Chocano, Carina (2008-10-24).
4577:(Hodder Arnold, 2006, p. 158).
4453:The Philosophy of Karl Jaspers
4440:The Philosophy of Karl Jaspers
4427:The Philosophy of Karl Jaspers
4372:, New York (1962), pp. 173â76.
4298:Rukhsana, Akhter (June 2014).
3993:Either/Or Part II p. 188 Hong.
3187:Klempe, Hroar (October 2008).
2893:Existentialism: Basic Writings
2883:
2856:
2841:
2815:Oxford Companion to Philosophy
2714:
1571:Critique of Dialectical Reason
1184:
452:As Sartre said in his lecture
13:
1:
8366:
5950:. Farnham, England: Ashgate.
5656:Appignanesi, Richard (2006).
4234:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
4061:Alan Pratt (April 23, 2001).
2958:. Basil Blackwell. p. 1.
2702:
2544:
2215:, swap hats, and contemplate
2081:
1252:Saint Manuel the Good, Martyr
1039:
509:
13163:On the Genealogy of Morality
13123:Critique of Practical Reason
12035:Desacralization of knowledge
10603:Philosophy of space and time
8155:Ordinary language philosophy
6646:
5858:. New York: Modern Library.
5850:Marino, Gordon, ed. (2004).
5760:Fallico, Arthuro B. (1962).
4636:The New York Review of Books
4515:, quoted in Ronald Aronson,
4302:. Hamburg: Anchor Academic.
4210:. Princeton. pp. 37â40.
4155:. In Edward N. Zalta (ed.).
3890:Plesa, Patric (2021-07-14).
3799:, Routledge Classics (2003).
3701:"Suicide and Self-Deception"
3675:Existentialism is a Humanism
3597:University of Illinois Press
3466:The A to Z of Existentialism
2811:Honderich, Ted, ed. (1995).
2707:
2651:Abandonment (existentialism)
1688:Influence outside philosophy
1261:Yo soy yo y mi circunstancia
1198:Existentialism is a Humanism
615:
455:Existentialism is a Humanism
277:Existentialism Is a Humanism
234:
7:
11447:Best of all possible worlds
11404:Eschatological verification
10961:Fine-tuning of the universe
10478:The Phenomenology of Spirit
9445:Interpellation (philosophy)
9248:Non-representational theory
8205:Contemporary utilitarianism
8120:Internalism and externalism
5939:Existentialism and Humanism
5901:Rose, Eugene (Fr. Seraphim)
5877:Phenomenology of Perception
5831:Luper, Steven, ed. (2000).
5822:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1847).
5813:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1849).
5804:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1843).
5795:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1843).
5786:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1846).
5777:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1843).
5768:Kierkegaard, SĂžren (1855).
4844:Sartre, Jean-Paul (2000) .
3635:University of Toronto Press
3464:Michelman, Stephen (2010).
3439:Wartenberg, Thomas (2009).
3021:Existentialism and Humanism
2762:Solomon, Robert C. (1974).
2643:
2518:, based on the writings of
2328:
2179:in 1944, an existentialist
1816:Shi ni itaru yamai, soshite
1815:
1661:Phenomenology of Perception
1656:existential phenomenologist
925:
375:
10:
14644:
14583:20th century in philosophy
14578:19th century in philosophy
13091:A Treatise of Human Nature
12150:
9400:Existence precedes essence
7469:Svatantrika and Prasangika
7108:
6217:Existence precedes essence
5946:Stewart, Jon, ed. (2011).
5937:Sartre, Jean-Paul (1945).
5928:Sartre, Jean-Paul (1943).
5873:Merleau-Ponty, M. (1962).
5738:Deurzen, Emmy van (2010).
5681:(1st ed.). Doubleday.
5658:Introducing Existentialism
5639:Introducing Existentialism
5559:
4230:McDonald, William (2017),
4151:McDonald, William (2009).
3765:3.2 The Ideality of Values
2981:Daigle, Christine (2006).
2387:
2225:meaning of human existence
2168:
1395:After the Second World War
1303:Two Russian philosophers,
1224:
1120:
1102:existence precedes essence
1056:as two specific examples.
1034:
980:
929:
886:
838:
832:
828:
810:
768:
735:
619:
513:
387:Existence precedes essence
384:
381:Existence precedes essence
325:existence precedes essence
40:
36:Existence (disambiguation)
32:Existential quantification
29:
14311:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
14291:
14209:
14046:
13881:
13752:Standard Average European
13620:
13449:
13369:
13307:
13214:
13059:
12825:
12550:
12479:
12341:
12216:
12158:
12090:
12022:
11926:
11811:
11731:
11666:
11588:
11495:
11480:
11432:
11394:
11106:
11031:
10906:
10897:
10827:
10764:
10755:
10686:
10616:
10540:
10339:
10079:
9807:
9651:
9593:
9535:Hermeneutics of suspicion
9298:
9173:
8737:
8663:
8615:
8515:
8477:
8424:
8391:
8382:
8378:
8361:
8311:
8223:
8061:
8052:
7985:
7768:
7759:
7737:
7692:
7634:
7586:
7540:
7531:
7494:
7365:
7230:
7177:
7168:
7118:
7114:
7103:
7042:
7014:
6971:
6923:
6880:
6833:
6805:
6757:
6729:
6691:Philosophy of mathematics
6681:Philosophy of information
6656:
6652:
6641:
6601:
6596:Links to related articles
6547:
6362:
6276:
6269:
6170:
6129:
5719:Cooper, David E. (1999).
5675:Barrett, William (1958).
5608:Les Nouvelles littéraires
5567:Flynn, Thomas R. (2006).
5393:Existential Psychotherapy
5063:Thomas, Paul Lee (2008).
4863:Earnshaw, Steven (2006).
4701:Cecil Woolf, 1988, p. 43.
4016:"Ethics - Existentialism"
3905:10.1177/00221678211032065
3686:Marxists Internet Archive
3627:Mariani, Umberto (2010).
3301:Rethinking Existentialism
3298:Webber, Jonathan (2018).
3078:10.1017/S0031819100065955
3037:. Cambridge. p. 316.
2863:Kaufmann, Walter (1956).
2743:Macquarrie, John (1972).
2661:Existential phenomenology
2248:Edinburgh Festival Fringe
2116:Voyage au bout de la nuit
1809:
1298:"das Zwischenmenschliche"
1165:, and various strands of
1117:Kierkegaard and Nietzsche
91:Clockwise from top left:
14593:Criticism of rationalism
14451:Lancaster House Treaties
13941:Christian existentialism
13901:Ancient Roman philosophy
13891:Ancient Greek philosophy
12442:Universal prescriptivism
11676:Friedrich Schleiermacher
11262:Theories about religions
11064:Inconsistent revelations
10593:Philosophy of psychology
10528:Simulacra and Simulation
9515:Transvaluation of values
9321:Apollonian and Dionysian
5762:Art & Existentialism
5742:(2nd ed.). London:
5686:Cattarini, L.S. (2018).
5271:10.1177/0021934705285563
5259:Journal of Black Studies
4830:, issue 102, accessible
4753:"Existentialism in Film"
4403:, Pelican, 1973, p. 110.
3468:. Lanham, Maryland: The
3216:Lundestad, 1998, p. 169.
3033:Crowell, Steven (2011).
3015:(Editions Nagel, 1946);
2848:Breisach, Ernst (1962).
2535:philosophical counseling
2516:Terror management theory
2071:The Shawshank Redemption
1233:Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo
936:Christian existentialism
932:Atheistic existentialism
179:, all of whom critiqued
14229:Equality before the law
13436:Romano-Germanic culture
12231:Artificial intelligence
10458:Critique of Pure Reason
8160:Postanalytic philosophy
8101:Experimental philosophy
5815:The Sickness Unto Death
5770:Attack Upon Christendom
5641:. Cambridge, UK: Icon.
5573:Oxford University Press
5343:Frankl, Viktor (2000).
5314:. New York: Routledge.
5029:Cotkin, George (2005).
4834:, accessed 3 June 2014.
4612:William J. Richardson,
4465:Baert, Patrick (2015).
4416:, Pelican, 1973, p. 96.
4206:Lowrie, Walter (1969).
4173:Watts, Michael (2003).
4136:Marino, Gordon (2004).
4071:EmbryâRiddle University
4020:Encyclopedia Britannica
3195:(in Norwegian BokmÄl).
2921:Kleinman, Paul (2013).
2821:Oxford University Press
2727:Charles Scribner's Sons
2691:Philosophical pessimism
2676:List of existentialists
2440:symbolic interactionism
2434:, antipositivist micro-
1824:The Sickness Unto Death
1778:Neon Genesis Evangelion
1636:, and helped introduce
1619:The Ethics of Ambiguity
1313:All Things Are Possible
1201:, quoted Dostoyevsky's
1011:'s philosophical essay
977:Confusion with nihilism
500:later published as the
285:On the Concept of Irony
14391:Eastern European Group
13980:Continental philosophy
13911:Judeo-Christian ethics
13896:Hellenistic philosophy
13377:Cradle of civilization
11540:Gaunilo of Marmoutiers
10680:Philosophy of religion
10049:Typeâtoken distinction
9877:Hypostatic abstraction
9659:Abstract object theory
9585:Philosophy of language
9550:Linguistic determinism
9460:Masterâslave dialectic
9435:Historical materialism
8731:Continental philosophy
8293:Social constructionism
7305:Hellenistic philosophy
6721:Theoretical philosophy
6696:Philosophy of religion
6686:Philosophy of language
6555:Continental philosophy
6252:
6208:
6055:The Existential Primer
5984:Wartenberg, Thomas E.
5779:The Concept of Anxiety
5633:Appignanesi, Richard;
4331:Buber, Martin (1970).
4257:The portable Nietzsche
3562:Hodder & Stoughton
3225:Slagstad, 2001, p. 89.
2954:Cooper, D. E. (1990).
2721:Lavrin, Janko (1971).
2641:
2561:philosophers, such as
2492:
2106:Louis-Ferdinand CĂ©line
2101:
2004:Michelangelo Antonioni
1728:
1692:
1550:
1426:
1204:The Brothers Karamazov
1192:Notes from Underground
880:
765:The Other and the Look
532:
438:
342:Although many outside
327:", as the philosopher
269:
248:
34:. For other uses, see
14603:Metaphysical theories
14511:Three Seas Initiative
14486:Pacific Islands Forum
14351:BritishâIrish Council
14099:Greek Orthodox Church
13558:Industrial Revolution
13528:Scientific Revolution
13155:The Methods of Ethics
12393:Divine command theory
12388:Ideal observer theory
12075:Faith and rationality
12030:Criticism of religion
11968:Robert Merrihew Adams
11958:Nicholas Wolterstorff
11161:Divine command theory
10638:Philosophy portal
10518:Being and Nothingness
9934:Mental representation
9465:Masterâslave morality
9273:Psychoanalytic theory
8676:Philosophy portal
8195:Scientific skepticism
8175:Reformed epistemology
6701:Philosophy of science
6067:Journals and articles
5930:Being and Nothingness
5615:HĂźncu, Adela (2023).
5439:10.1002/9781119167198
5433:(1 ed.). Wiley.
5320:10.4324/9780203900758
4695:An Odyssey to Freedom
4693:K. Gunnar Bergström,
4513:Force of Circumstance
4355:Maurice S. Friedman,
4181:. Oneworld. pp.
4160:(Summer 2009 Edition)
3847:Being and Nothingness
3845:(1992). "Chapter 1".
3797:Being and Nothingness
3706:Psychoanalytic Review
3443:. Oxford: One World.
3344:The Sartre Dictionary
3270:From Plato to Derrida
3023:(Eyre Methuen, 1948).
2681:Meaning (existential)
2621:
2605:Being and Nothingness
2512:Humanistic psychology
2475:
2418:. A later figure was
2298:Theatre of the Absurd
2199:Theatre of the Absurd
2161:fate in the works of
2089:
1705:
1652:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
1545:
1509:Being and Nothingness
1443:Being and Nothingness
1417:
1174:Twilight of the Idols
1028:Being and Nothingness
940:Jewish existentialism
864:
759:Being and Nothingness
684:Being and Nothingness
523:
449:, bearing the blame.
433:Concluding Postscript
411:
296:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
14506:Special Relationship
13916:Christian philosophy
13861:Western Christianity
13523:Age of Enlightenment
13397:Hellenistic Kingdoms
13272:Political philosophy
12065:Religious philosophy
11545:Pico della Mirandola
11510:Anselm of Canterbury
11442:Augustinian theodicy
11354:Religious skepticism
10687:Concepts in religion
10563:Feminist metaphysics
8096:Critical rationalism
7803:Edo neo-Confucianism
7647:Acintya bheda abheda
7626:Renaissance humanism
7337:School of the Sextii
6711:Practical philosophy
6706:Political philosophy
6079:Existential Analysis
5032:Existential American
4664:"Simone de Beauvoir"
4631:"A New 'L'Ătranger'"
4511:Simone de Beauvoir,
4038:Kierkegaard, Soren.
3779:, "Existentialism",
3752:3. Freedom and Value
3737:, "Existentialism",
2473:. Yalom states that
2426:as a young man. His
2334:Black existentialism
2246:first staged at the
2045:Synecdoche, New York
1992:Jean-Pierre Melville
1638:existential theology
1590:The Myth of Sisyphus
1483:The Roads to Freedom
1418:French philosophers
1334:secondary reflection
1327:Metaphysical Journal
1257:José Ortega y Gasset
1214:Crime and Punishment
1014:The Myth of Sisyphus
1005:existential nihilism
983:Existential nihilism
600:The Myth of Sisyphus
435:, Hong pp. 357â358.)
251:) was coined by the
14531:West Nordic Council
14396:Eastern Partnership
13985:Analytic philosophy
13686:Classical tradition
13508:Early modern period
13464:Classical antiquity
13459:European Bronze Age
13242:Evolutionary ethics
13203:Reasons and Persons
13179:A Theory of Justice
12333:Uncertain sentience
12050:History of religion
11751:Friedrich Nietzsche
11628:Gottfried W Leibniz
11623:Nicolas Malebranche
11555:King James VI and I
10835:Abrahamic religions
10408:Daneshnameh-ye Alai
9919:Linguistic modality
9285:Speculative realism
7667:Nimbarka Sampradaya
7578:Korean Confucianism
7325:Academic Skepticism
4599:RĂŒdiger Safranski,
4541:RĂŒdiger Safranski,
4232:"SĂžren Kierkegaard"
4153:"SĂžren Kierkegaard"
3927:Aho, Kevin (2023),
3898:: 002216782110320.
3472:, Inc. p. 27.
3118:'s introduction to
2590:Sartre's philosophy
2390:Existential therapy
1698:Film and television
1666:Humanism and Terror
1535:. A selection from
1489:The Blood of Others
1354:Existenzphilosophie
1241:Miguel de Cervantes
1235:, in his 1913 book
1070:To be, or not to be
1062:William Shakespeare
994:Friedrich Nietzsche
779:and its account of
538:Abrahamic religious
431:SĂžren Kierkegaard (
329:Frederick Copleston
173:Friedrich Nietzsche
105:Friedrich Nietzsche
14618:Philosophy of life
13990:Post-structuralism
13953:Christian humanism
13583:Universal suffrage
13237:Ethics in religion
13232:Descriptive ethics
13067:Nicomachean Ethics
12060:Religious language
12040:Ethics in religion
11998:William Lane Craig
11873:Charles Hartshorne
11613:Desiderius Erasmus
11515:Augustine of Hippo
11457:Inconsistent triad
11419:Apophatic theology
11414:Logical positivism
11396:Religious language
11016:Watchmaker analogy
10981:Necessary existent
10757:Conceptions of God
10717:Intelligent design
10598:Philosophy of self
10588:Philosophy of mind
9852:Embodied cognition
9764:Scientific realism
9405:Existential crisis
9336:Binary oppositions
9263:Post-structuralism
8288:Post-structuralism
8190:Scientific realism
8145:Quinean naturalism
8125:Logical positivism
8081:Analytical Marxism
7300:Peripatetic school
7212:Chinese naturalism
6739:Aesthetic response
6666:Applied philosophy
6222:Existential crisis
6084:2008-08-27 at the
5806:Fear and Trembling
5143:on October 6, 2014
4852:. London: Penguin.
3795:Jean-Paul Sartre,
3341:Cox, Gary (2008).
3315:Burnham, Douglas.
3019:Jean-Paul Sartre,
2617:Letter on Humanism
2559:Logical positivist
2550:General criticisms
2444:post-structuralism
2422:, who briefly met
2402:was influenced by
2342:Frederick Douglass
2134:Rainer Maria Rilke
2102:
2056:existential crisis
1948:A Clockwork Orange
1918:Ghost in the Shell
1729:
1634:Christian theology
1608:Simone de Beauvoir
1561:Letter on Humanism
1551:
1458:Les Temps Modernes
1427:
1424:Simone de Beauvoir
1377:National Socialism
1338:primary reflection
1332:Marcel contrasted
1317:The Destiny of Man
1221:Early 20th century
1209:existential crisis
1025:'s final words in
971:Christian Theology
967:Early Christianity
965:into the field of
841:Existential crisis
771:Other (philosophy)
533:
503:Letter on Humanism
292:Simone de Beauvoir
201:Simone de Beauvoir
143:in the face of an
133:existential crisis
97:Simone de Beauvoir
14560:
14559:
14554:
14553:
14381:Council of Europe
14283:International law
14236:Constitutionalism
14094:Eastern Orthodoxy
13600:PostâCold War era
13533:Age of Revolution
13387:Greco-Roman world
13325:
13324:
13292:Social philosophy
13277:Population ethics
13267:Philosophy of law
13247:History of ethics
12730:Political freedom
12407:Euthyphro dilemma
12198:Suffering-focused
12118:
12117:
12018:
12017:
11978:Peter van Inwagen
11963:Richard Swinburne
11908:George I Mavrodes
11768:Vladimir Solovyov
11708:SĂžren Kierkegaard
11633:William Wollaston
11580:William of Ockham
11560:Marcion of Sinope
11462:Irenaean theodicy
11452:Euthyphro dilemma
11379:Transcendentalism
11208:Womanist theology
11198:Feminist theology
11102:
11101:
10893:
10892:
10779:Divine simplicity
10699:Euthyphro dilemma
10646:
10645:
9825:Category of being
9794:Truthmaker theory
9611:
9610:
9545:Linguistic theory
9450:Intersubjectivity
8697:
8696:
8659:
8658:
8655:
8654:
8651:
8650:
8357:
8356:
8353:
8352:
8349:
8348:
8076:Analytic feminism
8048:
8047:
8010:Kierkegaardianism
7972:Transcendentalism
7932:Neo-scholasticism
7778:Classical Realism
7755:
7754:
7527:
7526:
7342:Neopythagoreanism
7099:
7098:
7095:
7094:
6716:Social philosophy
6588:
6587:
6575:Transcendentalism
6543:
6542:
6030:Crowell, Steven.
5957:978-1-4094-2641-7
5892:978-0-7100-3613-1
5753:978-0-415-37643-3
5697:978-0-9739986-1-0
5448:978-1-119-16715-0
5371:Flynn, Thomas R.
5329:978-0-203-90075-8
5239:Kernan, Alvin B.
5137:The Horror Review
5110:978-0-8203-2993-2
5076:978-1-4331-0090-1
5042:978-0-8018-8200-5
5008:978-0-87805-781-8
4974:978-0-7864-8259-7
4937:978-0-585-33727-2
4901:978-0-86418-090-2
4808:Los Angeles Times
4412:John Macquarrie,
4399:John Macquarrie,
4342:978-0-684-71725-8
4309:978-3-95489-277-8
4283:, Scribner, 1997.
4279:Hubben, William.
4266:978-0-14-015062-9
4192:978-1-85168-317-8
3856:978-0-230-00673-7
3843:Sartre, Jean Paul
3699:Keen, E. (1973).
3670:Sartre, Jean-Paul
3644:978-1-4426-9314-2
3606:978-0-252-01468-0
3571:978-1-4441-3421-6
3526:978-1-134-35114-5
3479:978-0-8108-7589-0
3450:978-1-78074-020-1
3351:. pp. 41â42.
3279:978-0-13-158591-1
3142:978-0-141-18549-1
3121:Sartre, Jean-Paul
2932:978-1-4405-6767-4
2903:978-0-87220-595-6
2834:978-0-19-866132-0
2751:. pp. 14â15.
2531:Gerd B. Achenbach
2432:social psychology
2400:Ludwig Binswanger
2266:Waiting for Godot
2208:Waiting for Godot
2090:First edition of
2036:Christopher Nolan
1996:François Truffaut
1912:The Great Silence
1845:I Heart Huckabees
1803:SĂžren Kierkegaard
1642:The Courage to Be
1585:Summer in Algiers
1447:French Resistance
1411:outside Germany.
1207:as an example of
1106:School of Isfahan
1054:SĂžren Kierkegaard
1019:SĂžren Kierkegaard
963:demythologization
781:intersubjectivity
679:
678:
671:
576:Miguel de Unamuno
548:SĂžren Kierkegaard
249:L'existentialisme
177:Fyodor Dostoevsky
169:SĂžren Kierkegaard
93:SĂžren Kierkegaard
16:(Redirected from
14635:
14588:1940s neologisms
14426:EU Customs Union
13958:Secular humanism
13906:Christian ethics
13856:EastâWest Schism
13839:Physical culture
13563:Great Divergence
13513:Age of Discovery
13352:
13345:
13338:
13329:
13328:
13315:
13314:
13262:Moral psychology
13207:
13199:
13191:
13187:Practical Ethics
13183:
13175:
13171:Principia Ethica
13167:
13159:
13151:
13143:
13135:
13127:
13119:
13111:
13103:
13095:
13087:
13079:
13075:Ethics (Spinoza)
13071:
12710:Moral imperative
12168:Consequentialism
12145:
12138:
12131:
12122:
12121:
12108:
12107:
12098:
12003:Ali Akbar Rashad
11866:Reinhold Niebuhr
11826:Bertrand Russell
11821:George Santayana
11718:Albrecht Ritschl
11703:Ludwig Feuerbach
11493:
11492:
11489:(by date active)
11349:Process theology
11094:Russell's teapot
10904:
10903:
10899:Existence of God
10809:Process theology
10762:
10761:
10747:Theological veto
10710:religious belief
10673:
10666:
10659:
10650:
10649:
10636:
10635:
10634:
10624:
10623:
10533:
10523:
10513:
10503:
10493:
10483:
10473:
10463:
10453:
10443:
10433:
10423:
10413:
10403:
10393:
10383:
10373:
10363:
10353:
10029:Substantial form
9841:Cogito, ergo sum
9784:Substance theory
9638:
9631:
9624:
9615:
9614:
9201:Frankfurt School
8724:
8717:
8710:
8701:
8700:
8686:
8685:
8674:
8673:
8672:
8389:
8388:
8380:
8379:
8363:
8362:
8253:Frankfurt School
8200:Transactionalism
8150:Normative ethics
8130:Legal positivism
8106:Falsificationism
8091:Consequentialism
8086:Communitarianism
8059:
8058:
7927:New Confucianism
7766:
7765:
7573:Neo-Confucianism
7538:
7537:
7347:Second Sophistic
7332:Middle Platonism
7175:
7174:
7116:
7115:
7105:
7104:
6948:Epiphenomenalism
6815:Consequentialism
6749:Institutionalism
6654:
6653:
6643:
6642:
6628:
6621:
6614:
6605:
6604:
6592:
6591:
6565:Marxist humanism
6274:
6273:
6257:
6213:
6162:Phenomenological
6116:
6109:
6102:
6093:
6092:
6045:
6036:Zalta, Edward N.
6032:"Existentialism"
6011:
6002:"Existentialism"
5989:
5980:
5961:
5942:
5933:
5924:
5923:on 2 March 2013.
5919:. Archived from
5896:
5880:
5869:
5857:
5846:
5827:
5818:
5809:
5800:
5791:
5782:
5773:
5757:
5734:
5715:
5709:
5701:
5682:
5671:
5652:
5620:
5586:
5553:
5539:
5533:
5526:
5520:
5513:
5507:
5502:Carnap, Rudolf,
5500:
5494:
5491:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5475:ernestbecker.org
5467:
5461:
5460:
5424:
5418:
5416:
5396:
5383:
5377:
5376:
5368:
5362:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5305:
5299:
5298:
5254:
5248:
5237:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5212:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5187:
5181:
5174:
5168:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5139:. Archived from
5128:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5117:
5094:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5083:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5049:
5026:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5015:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4958:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4944:
4929:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4848:. Translated by
4841:
4835:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4799:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4774:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4764:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4724:
4718:
4711:
4702:
4691:
4685:
4678:
4672:
4671:
4659:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4648:
4623:
4617:
4610:
4604:
4597:
4591:
4584:
4578:
4571:
4565:
4554:
4548:
4539:
4533:
4530:Camus and Sartre
4528:Ronald Aronson,
4526:
4520:
4517:Camus and Sartre
4509:
4503:
4500:Camus and Sartre
4498:Ronald Aronson,
4496:
4490:
4484:Camus and Sartre
4482:Ronald Aronson,
4480:
4471:
4470:
4462:
4456:
4449:
4443:
4436:
4430:
4423:
4417:
4410:
4404:
4397:
4391:
4384:
4373:
4368:Ernst Breisach,
4366:
4360:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4295:
4284:
4277:
4271:
4270:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4227:
4221:
4218:
4212:
4211:
4203:
4197:
4196:
4180:
4170:
4164:
4163:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4117:Wahl, Jean André
4113:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4058:
4052:
4049:
4043:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3994:
3991:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3929:"Existentialism"
3924:
3918:
3917:
3907:
3887:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3839:
3833:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3806:
3800:
3793:
3784:
3781:2.3 Authenticity
3774:
3768:
3761:
3755:
3748:
3742:
3732:
3723:
3722:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3653:
3651:
3624:
3615:
3614:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3551:
3542:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3506:
3497:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3436:
3427:
3426:
3402:
3392:
3386:
3385:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3317:"Existentialism"
3312:
3306:
3305:
3295:
3284:
3283:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3168:on 5 August 2021
3153:
3147:
3146:
3129:Penguin Classics
3112:
3106:
3105:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3046:
3038:
3030:
3024:
3010:
3004:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2818:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2794:"Existentialism"
2789:
2772:
2771:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2740:
2731:
2730:
2718:
2666:Existential risk
2573:(e.g., an apple
2496:Emmy van Deurzen
2484:EugĂšne Minkowski
2150:Luigi Pirandello
2020:Andrei Tarkovsky
1924:Harold and Maude
1887:The Seventh Seal
1820:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1799:Jean-Paul Sartre
1521:Georges Bataille
1513:Alexandre KojĂšve
1505:Martin Heidegger
1463:secular humanism
1420:Jean-Paul Sartre
1401:Jean-Paul Sartre
1356:. For Jaspers, "
1309:Nikolai Berdyaev
1227:Martin Heidegger
1143:and Nietzsche's
1060:also identified
1023:Jean-Paul Sartre
973:, respectively.
959:Rudolph Bultmann
878:
711:future-facticity
674:
667:
663:
660:
654:
634:
633:
626:
580:Luigi Pirandello
436:
423:eins, zwei, drei
274:
261:Jean-Paul Sartre
231:life's meaning.
197:Martin Heidegger
189:Jean-Paul Sartre
101:Jean-Paul Sartre
85:
76:
65:
56:
21:
14643:
14642:
14638:
14637:
14636:
14634:
14633:
14632:
14623:Social theories
14563:
14562:
14561:
14556:
14555:
14550:
14516:UKUSA Agreement
14456:Lublin Triangle
14341:Baltic Assembly
14293:
14287:
14205:
14042:
13877:
13747:Eurolinguistics
13616:
13605:Information age
13578:Interwar period
13445:
13365:
13356:
13326:
13321:
13303:
13210:
13205:
13197:
13189:
13181:
13173:
13165:
13157:
13149:
13141:
13133:
13125:
13117:
13109:
13101:
13093:
13085:
13077:
13069:
13055:
12828:
12821:
12745:Self-discipline
12705:Moral hierarchy
12653:Problem of evil
12598:Double standard
12588:Culture of life
12546:
12475:
12422:Non-cognitivism
12337:
12212:
12154:
12149:
12119:
12114:
12086:
12014:
12010:Alexander Pruss
11993:Jean-Luc Marion
11948:Alvin Plantinga
11943:Dewi Z Phillips
11930:
11928:
11922:
11893:Walter Kaufmann
11883:Frithjof Schuon
11856:Rudolf Bultmann
11813:
11807:
11803:Joseph Maréchal
11793:Pavel Florensky
11788:Sergei Bulgakov
11773:Ernst Troeltsch
11756:Harald HĂžffding
11733:
11727:
11698:William Whewell
11686:Georg W F Hegel
11681:Karl C F Krause
11668:
11662:
11658:Johann G Herder
11648:Baron d'Holbach
11598:Augustin Calmet
11584:
11500:
11488:
11487:
11484:
11476:
11434:Problem of evil
11428:
11424:Verificationism
11390:
11098:
11044:Atheist's Wager
11027:
10889:
10823:
10751:
10727:Problem of evil
10682:
10677:
10647:
10642:
10632:
10630:
10612:
10536:
10531:
10521:
10511:
10501:
10491:
10481:
10471:
10461:
10451:
10441:
10431:
10421:
10411:
10401:
10391:
10381:
10378:De rerum natura
10371:
10361:
10351:
10335:
10075:
9979:Physical object
9815:Abstract object
9803:
9789:Theory of forms
9724:Meaning of life
9647:
9642:
9612:
9607:
9589:
9580:Postcolonialism
9575:Linguistic turn
9505:Totalitarianism
9470:Oedipus complex
9331:Being in itself
9294:
9206:German idealism
9186:Critical theory
9169:
9085:Ortega y Gasset
8733:
8728:
8698:
8693:
8670:
8668:
8647:
8611:
8511:
8473:
8420:
8374:
8373:
8345:
8334:Russian cosmism
8307:
8303:Western Marxism
8268:New Historicism
8233:Critical theory
8219:
8215:Wittgensteinian
8111:Foundationalism
8044:
7981:
7962:Social contract
7818:Foundationalism
7751:
7733:
7717:Illuminationism
7702:Aristotelianism
7688:
7677:Vishishtadvaita
7630:
7582:
7523:
7490:
7361:
7290:Megarian school
7285:Eretrian school
7226:
7187:Agriculturalism
7164:
7110:
7091:
7038:
7010:
6967:
6919:
6876:
6860:Incompatibilism
6829:
6801:
6753:
6725:
6648:
6637:
6632:
6597:
6589:
6584:
6580:Western Marxism
6560:German idealism
6539:
6490:Ortega y Gasset
6358:
6265:
6203:Being in itself
6166:
6125:
6120:
6086:Wayback Machine
6073:Stirrings Still
6069:
6000:
5997:
5992:
5977:
5958:
5917:
5893:
5866:
5843:
5754:
5731:
5703:
5702:
5698:
5668:
5649:
5628:
5626:Further reading
5623:
5594:
5589:
5583:
5562:
5557:
5556:
5540:
5536:
5527:
5523:
5517:The Angry Years
5515:Colin, Wilson,
5514:
5510:
5501:
5497:
5492:
5488:
5479:
5477:
5469:
5468:
5464:
5449:
5425:
5421:
5413:
5387:Yalom, Irvin D.
5384:
5380:
5369:
5365:
5356:
5352:
5341:
5337:
5330:
5306:
5302:
5255:
5251:
5238:
5234:
5225:
5223:
5221:Washington Post
5213:
5209:
5200:
5198:
5188:
5184:
5175:
5171:
5159:
5155:
5146:
5144:
5129:
5125:
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5095:
5091:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5061:
5057:
5047:
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5043:
5027:
5023:
5013:
5011:
5009:
4993:
4989:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4959:
4955:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4920:
4916:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4886:
4882:
4875:
4861:
4857:
4850:Baldick, Robert
4842:
4838:
4825:
4821:
4812:
4810:
4800:
4796:
4787:
4785:
4776:
4775:
4771:
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4751:
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4624:
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4536:
4527:
4523:
4510:
4506:
4497:
4493:
4481:
4474:
4469:. Polity Press.
4463:
4459:
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4446:
4437:
4433:
4424:
4420:
4411:
4407:
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4394:
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3625:
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3572:
3552:
3545:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3507:
3500:
3491:
3487:
3480:
3470:Scarecrow Press
3462:
3458:
3451:
3437:
3430:
3415:
3393:
3389:
3374:
3360:
3356:
3339:
3335:
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3313:
3309:
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3247:
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3235:
3233:
3229:
3224:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3156:Abulof, Uriel.
3154:
3150:
3143:
3113:
3109:
3060:
3056:
3040:
3039:
3031:
3027:
3011:
3007:
2998:
2994:
2979:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2952:
2948:
2933:
2925:. Adams Media.
2919:
2915:
2904:
2888:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2861:
2857:
2846:
2842:
2835:
2809:
2805:
2790:
2775:
2770:. pp. 1â2.
2760:
2756:
2741:
2734:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2696:Self-reflection
2646:
2601:Herbert Marcuse
2592:
2579:The Angry Years
2555:Walter Kaufmann
2552:
2547:
2452:Michel Foucault
2392:
2386:
2331:
2171:
2163:H. P. Lovecraft
2084:
2040:Charlie Kaufman
2016:Stanley Kubrick
2012:Terrence Malick
2000:Jean-Luc Godard
1863:Ordinary People
1806:
1783:science fiction
1745:human condition
1732:Stanley Kubrick
1700:
1695:
1690:
1646:Rudolf Bultmann
1525:Louis Althusser
1517:Raymond Queneau
1397:
1229:
1223:
1187:
1141:knight of faith
1125:
1119:
1114:
1046:William Barrett
1042:
1037:
985:
979:
942:
928:
895:
885:
879:
876:
843:
837:
831:
815:
809:
807:Angst and dread
773:
767:
740:
734:
675:
664:
658:
655:
647:help improve it
644:
635:
631:
624:
618:
518:
512:
437:
430:
413:The subjective
389:
383:
378:
312:
267:, published as
253:French Catholic
237:
127:, purpose, and
110:
109:
108:
107:
88:
87:
86:
78:
77:
68:
67:
66:
58:
57:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14641:
14631:
14630:
14625:
14620:
14615:
14610:
14605:
14600:
14595:
14590:
14585:
14580:
14575:
14573:Existentialism
14558:
14557:
14552:
14551:
14549:
14548:
14546:Westernization
14543:
14538:
14533:
14528:
14526:VisegrĂĄd Group
14523:
14518:
14513:
14508:
14503:
14498:
14493:
14488:
14483:
14478:
14473:
14468:
14466:Nordic Council
14463:
14458:
14453:
14448:
14443:
14438:
14433:
14428:
14423:
14418:
14413:
14408:
14403:
14398:
14393:
14388:
14383:
14378:
14373:
14368:
14363:
14361:Bucharest Nine
14358:
14353:
14348:
14343:
14338:
14333:
14328:
14326:Arctic Council
14323:
14318:
14313:
14308:
14303:
14297:
14295:
14289:
14288:
14286:
14285:
14280:
14275:
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14273:
14268:
14263:
14258:
14253:
14248:
14238:
14233:
14232:
14231:
14221:
14215:
14213:
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14191:
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14176:
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14164:
14159:
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14144:
14139:
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14089:
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14041:
14040:
14039:
14038:
14028:
14023:
14018:
14017:
14016:
14004:
14003:
14002:
13992:
13987:
13982:
13977:
13972:
13967:
13962:
13961:
13960:
13955:
13945:
13944:
13943:
13936:Existentialism
13933:
13928:
13923:
13918:
13913:
13908:
13903:
13898:
13893:
13887:
13885:
13879:
13878:
13876:
13875:
13874:
13873:
13868:
13863:
13858:
13848:
13847:
13846:
13836:
13835:
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13829:
13819:
13818:
13817:
13807:
13802:
13801:
13800:
13795:
13790:
13780:
13779:
13778:
13768:
13767:
13766:
13756:
13755:
13754:
13749:
13739:
13734:
13729:
13724:
13723:
13722:
13712:
13707:
13706:
13705:
13695:
13694:
13693:
13683:
13682:
13681:
13671:
13666:
13665:
13664:
13654:
13649:
13648:
13647:
13642:
13637:
13626:
13624:
13618:
13617:
13615:
13614:
13613:
13612:
13607:
13597:
13596:
13595:
13590:
13585:
13580:
13575:
13570:
13565:
13560:
13555:
13550:
13545:
13540:
13535:
13530:
13525:
13520:
13515:
13510:
13500:
13495:
13494:
13493:
13488:
13483:
13473:
13472:
13471:
13469:Late antiquity
13461:
13455:
13453:
13447:
13446:
13444:
13443:
13438:
13433:
13428:
13423:
13422:
13421:
13420:
13419:
13414:
13404:
13399:
13394:
13384:
13379:
13373:
13371:
13367:
13366:
13355:
13354:
13347:
13340:
13332:
13323:
13322:
13320:
13319:
13308:
13305:
13304:
13302:
13301:
13294:
13289:
13287:Secular ethics
13284:
13282:Rehabilitation
13279:
13274:
13269:
13264:
13259:
13254:
13249:
13244:
13239:
13234:
13229:
13224:
13218:
13216:
13212:
13211:
13209:
13208:
13200:
13192:
13184:
13176:
13168:
13160:
13152:
13147:Utilitarianism
13144:
13136:
13128:
13120:
13112:
13104:
13096:
13088:
13080:
13072:
13063:
13061:
13057:
13056:
13054:
13053:
13048:
13043:
13038:
13033:
13028:
13023:
13018:
13013:
13008:
13003:
12998:
12993:
12988:
12983:
12978:
12973:
12968:
12963:
12958:
12953:
12948:
12943:
12938:
12933:
12928:
12923:
12918:
12913:
12908:
12903:
12898:
12893:
12888:
12883:
12878:
12873:
12868:
12863:
12858:
12853:
12848:
12843:
12838:
12832:
12830:
12823:
12822:
12820:
12819:
12814:
12809:
12804:
12799:
12798:
12797:
12792:
12787:
12777:
12772:
12767:
12762:
12757:
12752:
12747:
12742:
12737:
12732:
12727:
12722:
12717:
12712:
12707:
12702:
12697:
12692:
12687:
12682:
12677:
12672:
12667:
12662:
12657:
12656:
12655:
12650:
12645:
12635:
12630:
12625:
12620:
12615:
12610:
12605:
12600:
12595:
12590:
12585:
12580:
12575:
12570:
12565:
12560:
12554:
12552:
12548:
12547:
12545:
12544:
12539:
12534:
12529:
12524:
12519:
12514:
12509:
12507:Existentialist
12504:
12499:
12494:
12489:
12483:
12481:
12477:
12476:
12474:
12473:
12472:
12471:
12461:
12456:
12451:
12446:
12445:
12444:
12439:
12434:
12429:
12419:
12414:
12409:
12404:
12402:Constructivism
12399:
12398:
12397:
12396:
12395:
12390:
12380:
12379:
12378:
12376:Non-naturalism
12373:
12358:
12353:
12347:
12345:
12339:
12338:
12336:
12335:
12330:
12325:
12320:
12315:
12310:
12305:
12300:
12295:
12290:
12285:
12280:
12275:
12270:
12269:
12268:
12258:
12253:
12248:
12243:
12238:
12233:
12228:
12222:
12220:
12214:
12213:
12211:
12210:
12205:
12203:Utilitarianism
12200:
12195:
12190:
12185:
12180:
12175:
12170:
12164:
12162:
12156:
12155:
12148:
12147:
12140:
12133:
12125:
12116:
12115:
12113:
12112:
12102:
12091:
12088:
12087:
12085:
12084:
12077:
12072:
12067:
12062:
12057:
12052:
12047:
12042:
12037:
12032:
12026:
12024:
12023:Related topics
12020:
12019:
12016:
12015:
12013:
12012:
12006:
12005:
12000:
11995:
11990:
11985:
11983:Daniel Dennett
11980:
11975:
11973:Ravi Zacharias
11970:
11965:
11960:
11955:
11950:
11945:
11940:
11938:William L Rowe
11934:
11932:
11924:
11923:
11921:
11920:
11915:
11913:William Alston
11910:
11905:
11900:
11895:
11890:
11885:
11880:
11875:
11869:
11868:
11863:
11861:Gabriel Marcel
11858:
11853:
11848:
11843:
11838:
11833:
11828:
11823:
11817:
11815:
11809:
11808:
11806:
11805:
11800:
11798:Ernst Cassirer
11795:
11790:
11785:
11780:
11775:
11770:
11764:
11763:
11758:
11753:
11748:
11743:
11737:
11735:
11729:
11728:
11726:
11725:
11720:
11715:
11710:
11705:
11700:
11695:
11693:Thomas Carlyle
11689:
11688:
11683:
11678:
11672:
11670:
11664:
11663:
11661:
11660:
11655:
11650:
11645:
11640:
11635:
11630:
11625:
11620:
11618:Baruch Spinoza
11615:
11610:
11605:
11603:René Descartes
11600:
11594:
11592:
11586:
11585:
11583:
11582:
11577:
11575:Thomas Aquinas
11572:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11522:
11517:
11512:
11506:
11504:
11490:
11481:
11478:
11477:
11475:
11474:
11469:
11464:
11459:
11454:
11449:
11444:
11438:
11436:
11430:
11429:
11427:
11426:
11421:
11416:
11411:
11406:
11400:
11398:
11392:
11391:
11389:
11388:
11381:
11376:
11371:
11366:
11361:
11356:
11351:
11346:
11344:Possibilianism
11341:
11336:
11331:
11326:
11321:
11316:
11311:
11306:
11301:
11300:
11299:
11294:
11289:
11279:
11274:
11269:
11264:
11259:
11254:
11253:
11252:
11247:
11242:
11232:
11227:
11222:
11220:Fundamentalism
11217:
11212:
11211:
11210:
11205:
11195:
11194:
11193:
11188:
11181:Existentialism
11178:
11173:
11168:
11163:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11123:
11118:
11112:
11110:
11104:
11103:
11100:
11099:
11097:
11096:
11091:
11086:
11081:
11076:
11074:Noncognitivism
11071:
11066:
11061:
11056:
11051:
11046:
11041:
11035:
11033:
11029:
11028:
11026:
11025:
11023:Transcendental
11020:
11019:
11018:
11013:
11003:
10998:
10993:
10991:Pascal's wager
10988:
10983:
10978:
10973:
10968:
10963:
10958:
10953:
10948:
10943:
10942:
10941:
10936:
10926:
10921:
10919:Christological
10916:
10910:
10908:
10901:
10895:
10894:
10891:
10890:
10888:
10887:
10882:
10877:
10872:
10867:
10862:
10857:
10852:
10847:
10842:
10837:
10831:
10829:
10825:
10824:
10822:
10821:
10816:
10811:
10806:
10801:
10796:
10791:
10786:
10781:
10776:
10771:
10765:
10759:
10753:
10752:
10750:
10749:
10744:
10739:
10734:
10729:
10724:
10719:
10714:
10713:
10712:
10701:
10696:
10690:
10688:
10684:
10683:
10676:
10675:
10668:
10661:
10653:
10644:
10643:
10641:
10640:
10628:
10617:
10614:
10613:
10611:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10595:
10590:
10585:
10580:
10575:
10570:
10565:
10560:
10555:
10550:
10544:
10542:
10541:Related topics
10538:
10537:
10535:
10534:
10524:
10514:
10508:Being and Time
10504:
10494:
10484:
10474:
10464:
10454:
10444:
10434:
10424:
10414:
10404:
10394:
10384:
10374:
10364:
10354:
10343:
10341:
10337:
10336:
10334:
10333:
10326:
10321:
10316:
10311:
10306:
10301:
10296:
10291:
10286:
10281:
10276:
10271:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10226:
10221:
10216:
10211:
10206:
10201:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10171:
10166:
10161:
10156:
10151:
10146:
10141:
10136:
10131:
10126:
10121:
10116:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10096:
10091:
10085:
10083:
10081:Metaphysicians
10077:
10076:
10074:
10073:
10066:
10061:
10056:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10026:
10021:
10016:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9986:
9981:
9976:
9971:
9966:
9961:
9956:
9951:
9946:
9941:
9936:
9931:
9926:
9921:
9916:
9911:
9906:
9901:
9900:
9899:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9859:
9854:
9849:
9844:
9837:
9835:Causal closure
9832:
9827:
9822:
9817:
9811:
9809:
9805:
9804:
9802:
9801:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9771:
9766:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9709:Libertarianism
9706:
9701:
9696:
9694:Existentialism
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9655:
9653:
9649:
9648:
9641:
9640:
9633:
9626:
9618:
9609:
9608:
9606:
9605:
9600:
9594:
9591:
9590:
9588:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9500:Self-deception
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9467:
9462:
9457:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9437:
9432:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9370:
9369:
9368:
9363:
9358:
9348:
9346:Class struggle
9343:
9338:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9311:Always already
9308:
9302:
9300:
9296:
9295:
9293:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9276:
9275:
9268:Psychoanalysis
9265:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9245:
9243:Non-philosophy
9240:
9238:Neo-Kantianism
9235:
9234:
9233:
9228:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9196:Existentialism
9193:
9191:Deconstruction
9188:
9183:
9177:
9175:
9171:
9170:
9168:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8797:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8741:
8739:
8735:
8734:
8727:
8726:
8719:
8712:
8704:
8695:
8694:
8692:
8691:
8679:
8664:
8661:
8660:
8657:
8656:
8653:
8652:
8649:
8648:
8646:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8630:
8625:
8619:
8617:
8613:
8612:
8610:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8569:
8564:
8559:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8543:
8542:
8532:
8527:
8521:
8519:
8513:
8512:
8510:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8483:
8481:
8479:Middle Eastern
8475:
8474:
8472:
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8430:
8428:
8422:
8421:
8419:
8418:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8397:
8395:
8386:
8376:
8375:
8372:
8371:
8367:
8359:
8358:
8355:
8354:
8351:
8350:
8347:
8346:
8344:
8343:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8315:
8313:
8309:
8308:
8306:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8245:
8243:Existentialism
8240:
8238:Deconstruction
8235:
8229:
8227:
8221:
8220:
8218:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8137:
8132:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8071:Applied ethics
8067:
8065:
8056:
8050:
8049:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8042:
8037:
8035:Nietzscheanism
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8006:
8005:
7995:
7989:
7987:
7983:
7982:
7980:
7979:
7977:Utilitarianism
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7878:
7877:
7875:Transcendental
7872:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7842:
7841:
7840:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7813:Existentialism
7810:
7805:
7800:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7775:
7769:
7763:
7757:
7756:
7753:
7752:
7750:
7749:
7743:
7741:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7731:
7726:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7698:
7696:
7690:
7689:
7687:
7686:
7681:
7680:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7638:
7636:
7632:
7631:
7629:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7603:
7601:Augustinianism
7598:
7592:
7590:
7584:
7583:
7581:
7580:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7544:
7542:
7535:
7529:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7522:
7521:
7516:
7514:Zoroastrianism
7511:
7506:
7500:
7498:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7488:
7487:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7436:
7435:
7434:
7429:
7419:
7418:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7371:
7369:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7359:
7357:Church Fathers
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7271:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7239:
7237:
7228:
7227:
7225:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7183:
7181:
7172:
7166:
7165:
7163:
7162:
7161:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7130:
7124:
7122:
7112:
7111:
7101:
7100:
7097:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7048:
7046:
7040:
7039:
7037:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7020:
7018:
7012:
7011:
7009:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6977:
6975:
6969:
6968:
6966:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6929:
6927:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6886:
6884:
6878:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6872:Libertarianism
6869:
6868:
6867:
6857:
6856:
6855:
6845:
6839:
6837:
6831:
6830:
6828:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6811:
6809:
6803:
6802:
6800:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6763:
6761:
6755:
6754:
6752:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6735:
6733:
6727:
6726:
6724:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6676:Metaphilosophy
6673:
6668:
6662:
6660:
6650:
6649:
6639:
6638:
6631:
6630:
6623:
6616:
6608:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6586:
6585:
6583:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6551:
6549:
6545:
6544:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6366:
6364:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6280:
6278:
6271:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6263:
6258:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6174:
6172:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6127:
6126:
6123:Existentialism
6119:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6076:
6068:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6058:
6051:
6046:
6027:
6015:Existentialism
6012:
5996:
5995:External links
5993:
5991:
5990:
5981:
5975:
5967:Existentialism
5962:
5956:
5943:
5934:
5925:
5915:
5897:
5891:
5870:
5864:
5847:
5841:
5828:
5819:
5810:
5801:
5792:
5783:
5774:
5765:
5758:
5752:
5735:
5729:
5716:
5696:
5683:
5672:
5666:
5653:
5647:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5612:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5587:
5581:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5545:Being and Time
5534:
5521:
5519:(2007), p. 214
5508:
5495:
5486:
5462:
5447:
5419:
5411:
5378:
5375:. p. 323.
5363:
5357:Stewart, Jon.
5350:
5335:
5328:
5300:
5265:(6): 914â935.
5249:
5232:
5207:
5182:
5169:
5153:
5123:
5109:
5089:
5075:
5069:. Peter Lang.
5055:
5041:
5021:
5007:
4987:
4973:
4953:
4936:
4914:
4900:
4880:
4873:
4855:
4836:
4828:Philosophy Now
4819:
4794:
4769:
4744:
4719:
4703:
4686:
4673:
4654:
4627:Messud, Claire
4618:
4605:
4592:
4579:
4566:
4549:
4534:
4521:
4504:
4491:
4472:
4457:
4444:
4431:
4418:
4414:Existentialism
4405:
4401:Existentialism
4392:
4374:
4361:
4348:
4341:
4323:
4308:
4285:
4272:
4265:
4247:
4222:
4213:
4198:
4191:
4165:
4143:
4128:
4108:
4096:
4083:
4053:
4044:
4031:
4007:
3995:
3986:
3965:
3944:
3919:
3882:
3862:
3855:
3834:
3830:2.2 Alienation
3821:
3801:
3785:
3769:
3756:
3743:
3724:
3691:
3661:
3643:
3616:
3605:
3581:
3570:
3543:
3525:
3498:
3485:
3478:
3456:
3449:
3428:
3413:
3387:
3372:
3354:
3333:
3307:
3285:
3278:
3260:
3240:
3227:
3218:
3209:
3179:
3148:
3141:
3107:
3054:
3025:
3005:
2992:
2973:
2961:
2946:
2931:
2913:
2902:
2882:
2870:
2855:
2840:
2833:
2803:
2773:
2764:Existentialism
2754:
2745:Existentialism
2732:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2686:Meaning-making
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2656:Disenchantment
2653:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2591:
2588:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2471:Irvin D. Yalom
2408:Edmund Husserl
2388:Main article:
2385:
2382:
2330:
2327:
2306:EugĂšne Ionesco
2302:Samuel Beckett
2261:Samuel Beckett
2203:Samuel Beckett
2170:
2167:
2083:
2080:
2008:Akira Kurosawa
1988:Robert Bresson
1980:Ingmar Bergman
1960:Apocalypse Now
1781:is a Japanese
1749:kangaroo court
1740:Paths of Glory
1724:Paths of Glory
1707:Adolphe Menjou
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1613:The Second Sex
1537:Being and Time
1501:Edmund Husserl
1409:Being and Time
1396:
1393:
1381:Being and Time
1323:Gabriel Marcel
1222:
1219:
1186:
1183:
1167:psychotherapy.
1121:Main article:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1078:Thomas Carlyle
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
978:
975:
927:
924:
884:
881:
874:
833:Main article:
830:
827:
811:Main article:
808:
805:
769:Main article:
766:
763:
736:Main article:
733:
730:
687:(1943) as the
677:
676:
638:
636:
629:
620:Main article:
617:
614:
514:Main article:
511:
508:
493:Being and Time
484:Sedimentations
428:
415:thinker's form
385:Main article:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
372:
357:
333:Steven Crowell
320:existentialist
316:existentialism
311:
308:
257:Gabriel Marcel
241:existentialism
236:
233:
209:Gabriel Marcel
113:Existentialism
90:
89:
80:
79:
71:
70:
69:
60:
59:
51:
50:
49:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14640:
14629:
14626:
14624:
14621:
14619:
14616:
14614:
14611:
14609:
14606:
14604:
14601:
14599:
14598:Individualism
14596:
14594:
14591:
14589:
14586:
14584:
14581:
14579:
14576:
14574:
14571:
14570:
14568:
14547:
14544:
14542:
14539:
14537:
14534:
14532:
14529:
14527:
14524:
14522:
14519:
14517:
14514:
14512:
14509:
14507:
14504:
14502:
14499:
14497:
14494:
14492:
14491:PROSUR/PROSUL
14489:
14487:
14484:
14482:
14479:
14477:
14474:
14472:
14469:
14467:
14464:
14462:
14459:
14457:
14454:
14452:
14449:
14447:
14444:
14442:
14439:
14437:
14434:
14432:
14429:
14427:
14424:
14422:
14419:
14417:
14414:
14412:
14409:
14407:
14404:
14402:
14399:
14397:
14394:
14392:
14389:
14387:
14386:Craiova Group
14384:
14382:
14379:
14377:
14374:
14372:
14369:
14367:
14364:
14362:
14359:
14357:
14354:
14352:
14349:
14347:
14344:
14342:
14339:
14337:
14334:
14332:
14329:
14327:
14324:
14322:
14319:
14317:
14314:
14312:
14309:
14307:
14304:
14302:
14301:ABCANZ Armies
14299:
14298:
14296:
14290:
14284:
14281:
14279:
14276:
14272:
14269:
14267:
14264:
14262:
14259:
14257:
14254:
14252:
14249:
14247:
14244:
14243:
14242:
14239:
14237:
14234:
14230:
14227:
14226:
14225:
14222:
14220:
14217:
14216:
14214:
14212:
14208:
14202:
14199:
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14185:
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14180:
14177:
14175:
14172:
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14150:
14149:
14148:
14145:
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14140:
14138:
14135:
14133:
14130:
14129:
14128:
14125:
14119:
14116:
14115:
14114:
14111:
14107:
14106:Protestantism
14104:
14100:
14097:
14096:
14095:
14092:
14088:
14085:
14084:
14083:
14080:
14076:
14072:
14069:
14068:
14067:
14064:
14063:
14062:
14059:
14058:
14057:
14054:
14053:
14051:
14049:
14045:
14037:
14034:
14033:
14032:
14029:
14027:
14026:Sovereigntism
14024:
14022:
14019:
14015:
14014:
14010:
14009:
14008:
14005:
14001:
13998:
13997:
13996:
13993:
13991:
13988:
13986:
13983:
13981:
13978:
13976:
13973:
13971:
13968:
13966:
13963:
13959:
13956:
13954:
13951:
13950:
13949:
13946:
13942:
13939:
13938:
13937:
13934:
13932:
13929:
13927:
13924:
13922:
13921:Scholasticism
13919:
13917:
13914:
13912:
13909:
13907:
13904:
13902:
13899:
13897:
13894:
13892:
13889:
13888:
13886:
13884:
13880:
13872:
13869:
13867:
13864:
13862:
13859:
13857:
13854:
13853:
13852:
13849:
13845:
13842:
13841:
13840:
13837:
13833:
13830:
13828:
13825:
13824:
13823:
13820:
13816:
13813:
13812:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13803:
13799:
13796:
13794:
13791:
13789:
13786:
13785:
13784:
13781:
13777:
13774:
13773:
13772:
13769:
13765:
13762:
13761:
13760:
13757:
13753:
13750:
13748:
13745:
13744:
13743:
13740:
13738:
13735:
13733:
13730:
13728:
13725:
13721:
13718:
13717:
13716:
13713:
13711:
13708:
13704:
13701:
13700:
13699:
13696:
13692:
13689:
13688:
13687:
13684:
13680:
13677:
13676:
13675:
13672:
13670:
13667:
13663:
13660:
13659:
13658:
13655:
13653:
13650:
13646:
13643:
13641:
13638:
13636:
13633:
13632:
13631:
13628:
13627:
13625:
13623:
13619:
13611:
13610:War on terror
13608:
13606:
13603:
13602:
13601:
13598:
13594:
13591:
13589:
13586:
13584:
13581:
13579:
13576:
13574:
13571:
13569:
13566:
13564:
13561:
13559:
13556:
13554:
13551:
13549:
13546:
13544:
13541:
13539:
13536:
13534:
13531:
13529:
13526:
13524:
13521:
13519:
13516:
13514:
13511:
13509:
13506:
13505:
13504:
13503:Modern period
13501:
13499:
13496:
13492:
13489:
13487:
13484:
13482:
13479:
13478:
13477:
13474:
13470:
13467:
13466:
13465:
13462:
13460:
13457:
13456:
13454:
13452:
13448:
13442:
13439:
13437:
13434:
13432:
13429:
13427:
13424:
13418:
13415:
13413:
13410:
13409:
13408:
13405:
13403:
13400:
13398:
13395:
13393:
13390:
13389:
13388:
13385:
13383:
13380:
13378:
13375:
13374:
13372:
13368:
13364:
13360:
13359:Western world
13353:
13348:
13346:
13341:
13339:
13334:
13333:
13330:
13318:
13310:
13309:
13306:
13300:
13299:
13295:
13293:
13290:
13288:
13285:
13283:
13280:
13278:
13275:
13273:
13270:
13268:
13265:
13263:
13260:
13258:
13255:
13253:
13250:
13248:
13245:
13243:
13240:
13238:
13235:
13233:
13230:
13228:
13225:
13223:
13220:
13219:
13217:
13213:
13204:
13201:
13196:
13193:
13188:
13185:
13180:
13177:
13172:
13169:
13164:
13161:
13156:
13153:
13148:
13145:
13140:
13137:
13132:
13129:
13124:
13121:
13116:
13113:
13108:
13105:
13100:
13097:
13092:
13089:
13084:
13081:
13076:
13073:
13068:
13065:
13064:
13062:
13058:
13052:
13049:
13047:
13044:
13042:
13039:
13037:
13034:
13032:
13029:
13027:
13024:
13022:
13019:
13017:
13014:
13012:
13009:
13007:
13004:
13002:
12999:
12997:
12994:
12992:
12989:
12987:
12984:
12982:
12979:
12977:
12974:
12972:
12969:
12967:
12964:
12962:
12959:
12957:
12954:
12952:
12949:
12947:
12944:
12942:
12939:
12937:
12934:
12932:
12929:
12927:
12924:
12922:
12919:
12917:
12914:
12912:
12909:
12907:
12904:
12902:
12899:
12897:
12894:
12892:
12889:
12887:
12884:
12882:
12879:
12877:
12874:
12872:
12869:
12867:
12864:
12862:
12859:
12857:
12854:
12852:
12849:
12847:
12844:
12842:
12839:
12837:
12834:
12833:
12831:
12829:
12824:
12818:
12815:
12813:
12810:
12808:
12805:
12803:
12800:
12796:
12793:
12791:
12788:
12786:
12783:
12782:
12781:
12778:
12776:
12773:
12771:
12768:
12766:
12763:
12761:
12758:
12756:
12753:
12751:
12748:
12746:
12743:
12741:
12738:
12736:
12733:
12731:
12728:
12726:
12723:
12721:
12718:
12716:
12713:
12711:
12708:
12706:
12703:
12701:
12700:Moral courage
12698:
12696:
12693:
12691:
12688:
12686:
12683:
12681:
12678:
12676:
12673:
12671:
12668:
12666:
12663:
12661:
12658:
12654:
12651:
12649:
12646:
12644:
12641:
12640:
12639:
12638:Good and evil
12636:
12634:
12631:
12629:
12626:
12624:
12623:Family values
12621:
12619:
12616:
12614:
12611:
12609:
12606:
12604:
12601:
12599:
12596:
12594:
12591:
12589:
12586:
12584:
12581:
12579:
12576:
12574:
12571:
12569:
12566:
12564:
12561:
12559:
12556:
12555:
12553:
12549:
12543:
12540:
12538:
12535:
12533:
12530:
12528:
12525:
12523:
12520:
12518:
12515:
12513:
12510:
12508:
12505:
12503:
12500:
12498:
12495:
12493:
12490:
12488:
12485:
12484:
12482:
12478:
12470:
12467:
12466:
12465:
12462:
12460:
12457:
12455:
12452:
12450:
12447:
12443:
12440:
12438:
12437:Quasi-realism
12435:
12433:
12430:
12428:
12425:
12424:
12423:
12420:
12418:
12415:
12413:
12410:
12408:
12405:
12403:
12400:
12394:
12391:
12389:
12386:
12385:
12384:
12381:
12377:
12374:
12372:
12369:
12368:
12367:
12364:
12363:
12362:
12359:
12357:
12354:
12352:
12349:
12348:
12346:
12344:
12340:
12334:
12331:
12329:
12326:
12324:
12321:
12319:
12316:
12314:
12311:
12309:
12306:
12304:
12301:
12299:
12296:
12294:
12291:
12289:
12286:
12284:
12281:
12279:
12276:
12274:
12271:
12267:
12264:
12263:
12262:
12261:Environmental
12259:
12257:
12254:
12252:
12249:
12247:
12244:
12242:
12239:
12237:
12234:
12232:
12229:
12227:
12224:
12223:
12221:
12219:
12215:
12209:
12206:
12204:
12201:
12199:
12196:
12194:
12191:
12189:
12186:
12184:
12183:Particularism
12181:
12179:
12176:
12174:
12171:
12169:
12166:
12165:
12163:
12161:
12157:
12153:
12146:
12141:
12139:
12134:
12132:
12127:
12126:
12123:
12111:
12103:
12101:
12097:
12093:
12092:
12089:
12083:
12082:
12078:
12076:
12073:
12071:
12068:
12066:
12063:
12061:
12058:
12056:
12053:
12051:
12048:
12046:
12043:
12041:
12038:
12036:
12033:
12031:
12028:
12027:
12025:
12021:
12011:
12008:
12007:
12004:
12001:
11999:
11996:
11994:
11991:
11989:
11986:
11984:
11981:
11979:
11976:
11974:
11971:
11969:
11966:
11964:
11961:
11959:
11956:
11954:
11953:Anthony Kenny
11951:
11949:
11946:
11944:
11941:
11939:
11936:
11935:
11933:
11925:
11919:
11916:
11914:
11911:
11909:
11906:
11904:
11901:
11899:
11896:
11894:
11891:
11889:
11886:
11884:
11881:
11879:
11878:Mircea Eliade
11876:
11874:
11871:
11870:
11867:
11864:
11862:
11859:
11857:
11854:
11852:
11849:
11847:
11844:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11827:
11824:
11822:
11819:
11818:
11816:
11810:
11804:
11801:
11799:
11796:
11794:
11791:
11789:
11786:
11784:
11781:
11779:
11776:
11774:
11771:
11769:
11766:
11765:
11762:
11761:William James
11759:
11757:
11754:
11752:
11749:
11747:
11744:
11742:
11741:Ernst Haeckel
11739:
11738:
11736:
11730:
11724:
11721:
11719:
11716:
11714:
11711:
11709:
11706:
11704:
11701:
11699:
11696:
11694:
11691:
11690:
11687:
11684:
11682:
11679:
11677:
11674:
11673:
11671:
11665:
11659:
11656:
11654:
11653:Immanuel Kant
11651:
11649:
11646:
11644:
11641:
11639:
11636:
11634:
11631:
11629:
11626:
11624:
11621:
11619:
11616:
11614:
11611:
11609:
11608:Blaise Pascal
11606:
11604:
11601:
11599:
11596:
11595:
11593:
11591:
11587:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11521:
11518:
11516:
11513:
11511:
11508:
11507:
11505:
11503:
11498:
11494:
11491:
11486:
11479:
11473:
11470:
11468:
11465:
11463:
11460:
11458:
11455:
11453:
11450:
11448:
11445:
11443:
11440:
11439:
11437:
11435:
11431:
11425:
11422:
11420:
11417:
11415:
11412:
11410:
11409:Language game
11407:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11399:
11397:
11393:
11387:
11386:
11382:
11380:
11377:
11375:
11372:
11370:
11367:
11365:
11362:
11360:
11357:
11355:
11352:
11350:
11347:
11345:
11342:
11340:
11337:
11335:
11332:
11330:
11327:
11325:
11322:
11320:
11317:
11315:
11312:
11310:
11307:
11305:
11302:
11298:
11295:
11293:
11290:
11288:
11285:
11284:
11283:
11280:
11278:
11275:
11273:
11270:
11268:
11265:
11263:
11260:
11258:
11255:
11251:
11248:
11246:
11243:
11241:
11238:
11237:
11236:
11233:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11209:
11206:
11204:
11201:
11200:
11199:
11196:
11192:
11189:
11187:
11184:
11183:
11182:
11179:
11177:
11174:
11172:
11169:
11167:
11164:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11122:
11119:
11117:
11114:
11113:
11111:
11109:
11105:
11095:
11092:
11090:
11087:
11085:
11082:
11080:
11079:Occam's razor
11077:
11075:
11072:
11070:
11067:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11057:
11055:
11052:
11050:
11047:
11045:
11042:
11040:
11037:
11036:
11034:
11030:
11024:
11021:
11017:
11014:
11012:
11009:
11008:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10994:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10940:
10937:
10935:
10932:
10931:
10930:
10927:
10925:
10924:Consciousness
10922:
10920:
10917:
10915:
10912:
10911:
10909:
10905:
10902:
10900:
10896:
10886:
10883:
10881:
10878:
10876:
10873:
10871:
10868:
10866:
10863:
10861:
10858:
10856:
10853:
10851:
10848:
10846:
10843:
10841:
10838:
10836:
10833:
10832:
10830:
10826:
10820:
10819:Unmoved mover
10817:
10815:
10814:Supreme Being
10812:
10810:
10807:
10805:
10802:
10800:
10797:
10795:
10792:
10790:
10787:
10785:
10782:
10780:
10777:
10775:
10772:
10770:
10767:
10766:
10763:
10760:
10758:
10754:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10738:
10735:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10723:
10720:
10718:
10715:
10711:
10707:
10706:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10691:
10689:
10685:
10681:
10674:
10669:
10667:
10662:
10660:
10655:
10654:
10651:
10639:
10629:
10627:
10619:
10618:
10615:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10596:
10594:
10591:
10589:
10586:
10584:
10583:Phenomenology
10581:
10579:
10576:
10574:
10571:
10569:
10566:
10564:
10561:
10559:
10556:
10554:
10551:
10549:
10546:
10545:
10543:
10539:
10530:
10529:
10525:
10520:
10519:
10515:
10510:
10509:
10505:
10500:
10499:
10495:
10490:
10489:
10485:
10480:
10479:
10475:
10470:
10469:
10465:
10460:
10459:
10455:
10450:
10449:
10445:
10440:
10439:
10435:
10430:
10429:
10425:
10420:
10419:
10415:
10410:
10409:
10405:
10400:
10399:
10395:
10390:
10389:
10385:
10380:
10379:
10375:
10370:
10369:
10365:
10360:
10359:
10355:
10350:
10349:
10345:
10344:
10342:
10340:Notable works
10338:
10332:
10331:
10327:
10325:
10322:
10320:
10317:
10315:
10312:
10310:
10307:
10305:
10302:
10300:
10297:
10295:
10292:
10290:
10287:
10285:
10282:
10280:
10277:
10275:
10272:
10270:
10267:
10265:
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10167:
10165:
10162:
10160:
10157:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10125:
10122:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10087:
10086:
10084:
10082:
10078:
10072:
10071:
10067:
10065:
10062:
10060:
10057:
10055:
10052:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10020:
10017:
10015:
10012:
10010:
10007:
10005:
10002:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9985:
9982:
9980:
9977:
9975:
9972:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9935:
9932:
9930:
9927:
9925:
9922:
9920:
9917:
9915:
9912:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9898:
9895:
9894:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9860:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9845:
9843:
9842:
9838:
9836:
9833:
9831:
9828:
9826:
9823:
9821:
9818:
9816:
9813:
9812:
9810:
9806:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9770:
9767:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9744:Phenomenalism
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9664:Action theory
9662:
9660:
9657:
9656:
9654:
9650:
9646:
9639:
9634:
9632:
9627:
9625:
9620:
9619:
9616:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9595:
9592:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9565:Media studies
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9530:Will to power
9528:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9455:Leap of faith
9453:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9436:
9433:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9408:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9375:
9371:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9353:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9303:
9301:
9297:
9291:
9290:Structuralism
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9274:
9271:
9270:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9261:
9259:
9258:Postmodernism
9256:
9254:
9253:Phenomenology
9251:
9249:
9246:
9244:
9241:
9239:
9236:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9223:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9192:
9189:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9178:
9176:
9172:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9065:Merleau-Ponty
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8828:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8793:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8742:
8740:
8736:
8732:
8725:
8720:
8718:
8713:
8711:
8706:
8705:
8702:
8690:
8689:
8680:
8678:
8677:
8666:
8665:
8662:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8626:
8624:
8621:
8620:
8618:
8616:Miscellaneous
8614:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8595:
8593:
8590:
8588:
8585:
8583:
8580:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8541:
8538:
8537:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8522:
8520:
8518:
8514:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8488:
8485:
8484:
8482:
8480:
8476:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8431:
8429:
8427:
8423:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8398:
8396:
8394:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8381:
8377:
8369:
8368:
8364:
8360:
8342:
8341:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8316:
8314:
8312:Miscellaneous
8310:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8298:Structuralism
8296:
8294:
8291:
8289:
8286:
8284:
8283:Postmodernism
8281:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8273:Phenomenology
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8230:
8228:
8226:
8222:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8210:Vienna Circle
8208:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8141:
8140:Moral realism
8138:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8068:
8066:
8064:
8060:
8057:
8055:
8051:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8004:
8001:
8000:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7990:
7988:
7984:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7942:Phenomenology
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7882:Individualism
7880:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7847:
7846:
7843:
7839:
7836:
7835:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7794:
7791:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7770:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7758:
7748:
7747:Judeo-Islamic
7745:
7744:
7742:
7740:
7736:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7724:
7723:ÊżIlm al-KalÄm
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7699:
7697:
7695:
7691:
7685:
7682:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7672:Shuddhadvaita
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7644:
7643:
7640:
7639:
7637:
7633:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7606:Scholasticism
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7589:
7585:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7546:
7545:
7543:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7530:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7501:
7499:
7497:
7493:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7441:
7440:
7437:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7424:
7423:
7420:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7377:
7376:
7373:
7372:
7370:
7368:
7364:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7245:
7244:
7241:
7240:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7229:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7167:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7135:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7125:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7106:
7102:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7057:Conceptualism
7055:
7053:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7045:
7041:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7021:
7019:
7017:
7013:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6986:Particularism
6984:
6982:
6979:
6978:
6976:
6974:
6970:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6953:Functionalism
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6938:Eliminativism
6936:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6922:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6873:
6870:
6866:
6863:
6862:
6861:
6858:
6854:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6843:Compatibilism
6841:
6840:
6838:
6836:
6832:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6812:
6810:
6808:
6804:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6782:Particularism
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6760:
6756:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6736:
6734:
6732:
6728:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6659:
6655:
6651:
6644:
6640:
6636:
6629:
6624:
6622:
6617:
6615:
6610:
6609:
6606:
6600:
6593:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6570:Phenomenology
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6546:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6480:Merleau-Ponty
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6367:
6365:
6361:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6272:
6268:
6262:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6232:Leap of faith
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6169:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6117:
6112:
6110:
6105:
6103:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6087:
6083:
6080:
6077:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6056:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6043:
6042:
6037:
6033:
6028:
6026:
6022:
6021:
6016:
6013:
6009:
6008:
6003:
5999:
5998:
5987:
5982:
5978:
5976:0-19-517463-1
5972:
5968:
5963:
5959:
5953:
5949:
5944:
5940:
5935:
5931:
5926:
5922:
5918:
5916:0-938635-15-8
5912:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5888:
5884:
5879:
5878:
5871:
5867:
5865:0-375-75989-1
5861:
5856:
5855:
5848:
5844:
5842:0-7674-0587-0
5838:
5834:
5829:
5825:
5824:Works of Love
5820:
5816:
5811:
5807:
5802:
5798:
5793:
5789:
5784:
5780:
5775:
5771:
5766:
5763:
5759:
5755:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5736:
5732:
5730:0-631-21322-8
5726:
5722:
5717:
5713:
5707:
5699:
5693:
5689:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5673:
5669:
5667:1-84046-717-7
5663:
5659:
5654:
5650:
5648:1-84046-266-3
5644:
5640:
5636:
5635:Zarate, Oscar
5631:
5630:
5618:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5604:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5584:
5582:0-19-280428-6
5578:
5574:
5570:
5565:
5564:
5551:
5547:
5544:
5538:
5531:
5525:
5518:
5512:
5505:
5499:
5490:
5476:
5472:
5466:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5423:
5414:
5412:0-465-02147-6
5408:
5404:
5400:
5395:
5394:
5388:
5382:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5354:
5346:
5339:
5331:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5312:
5304:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5245:Prentice-Hall
5242:
5236:
5222:
5218:
5211:
5197:
5193:
5186:
5179:
5173:
5166:
5162:
5157:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5127:
5112:
5106:
5102:
5101:
5093:
5078:
5072:
5068:
5067:
5059:
5044:
5038:
5035:. JHU Press.
5034:
5033:
5025:
5010:
5004:
5000:
4999:
4991:
4976:
4970:
4967:. McFarland.
4966:
4965:
4957:
4950:
4939:
4933:
4928:
4927:
4918:
4903:
4897:
4893:
4892:
4884:
4876:
4874:0-8264-8530-8
4870:
4866:
4859:
4851:
4847:
4840:
4833:
4829:
4823:
4809:
4805:
4798:
4784:on 2011-01-27
4783:
4779:
4773:
4759:on 2010-01-13
4758:
4754:
4748:
4734:on 2010-01-07
4733:
4729:
4723:
4716:
4710:
4708:
4700:
4696:
4690:
4683:
4677:
4669:
4665:
4658:
4642:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4615:
4609:
4602:
4596:
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4468:
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4454:
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4435:
4428:
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4415:
4409:
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4396:
4389:
4383:
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4371:
4365:
4358:
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4327:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4301:
4294:
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4276:
4268:
4262:
4258:
4251:
4237:
4233:
4226:
4217:
4209:
4202:
4194:
4188:
4184:
4179:
4178:
4169:
4161:
4159:
4154:
4147:
4139:
4132:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4112:
4105:
4100:
4093:
4087:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4057:
4048:
4041:
4040:Works of Love
4035:
4021:
4017:
4011:
4005:Vol. 5, p. 5.
4004:
3999:
3990:
3975:
3969:
3954:
3948:
3934:
3930:
3923:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3886:
3872:
3866:
3858:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3831:
3825:
3811:
3805:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3782:
3778:
3773:
3766:
3760:
3753:
3747:
3740:
3736:
3731:
3729:
3720:
3716:
3713:(4): 575â85.
3712:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3695:
3687:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3657:
3646:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3631:
3623:
3621:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3585:
3577:
3573:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3550:
3548:
3539:
3528:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3513:
3505:
3503:
3495:
3489:
3481:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3452:
3446:
3442:
3435:
3433:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3414:0-06-063763-3
3410:
3406:
3401:
3400:
3391:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3373:0-06-063763-3
3369:
3365:
3358:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3337:
3322:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3302:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3281:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3250:
3244:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3183:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3144:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3111:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3072:(84): 19â37.
3071:
3067:
3066:
3058:
3050:
3044:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3009:
3002:
2996:
2988:
2984:
2977:
2971:, p. 89.
2970:
2965:
2957:
2950:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2928:
2924:
2917:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2886:
2880:, p. xi.
2879:
2874:
2866:
2859:
2851:
2844:
2836:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2816:
2807:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2750:
2746:
2739:
2737:
2729:. p. 43.
2728:
2724:
2717:
2713:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2587:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2563:Rudolf Carnap
2560:
2556:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2520:Ernest Becker
2517:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2503:psychotherapy
2499:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2420:Viktor Frankl
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2314:Arthur Adamov
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2294:Martin Esslin
2290:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2252:Shakespeare's
2249:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2201:, notably in
2200:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2173:Sartre wrote
2166:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2154:Ralph Ellison
2151:
2147:
2146:Hermann Hesse
2143:
2142:Yukio Mishima
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2088:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2066:Michel Gondry
2064:(directed by
2063:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1954:Groundhog Day
1950:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1869:Life in a Day
1865:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1817:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1763:'s 1962 film
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1736:anti-war film
1733:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1556:Jean Beaufret
1549:
1544:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1533:Jacques Lacan
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1497:phenomenology
1493:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1163:postmodernism
1159:
1158:leap of faith
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1124:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1082:William James
1079:
1075:
1074:Jules Lequier
1071:
1067:
1066:Prince Hamlet
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1050:Blaise Pascal
1047:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
990:
984:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
951:
947:
941:
937:
933:
923:
919:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
894:
890:
873:
870:
863:
861:
860:
859:Works of Love
855:
854:
847:
842:
836:
826:
822:
820:
814:
804:
800:
798:
794:
788:
786:
782:
778:
777:phenomenology
772:
762:
760:
755:
753:
748:
745:
739:
729:
726:
721:
719:
714:
712:
708:
702:
698:
696:
692:
691:
686:
685:
673:
670:
662:
659:November 2020
652:
648:
642:
639:This section
637:
628:
627:
623:
613:
611:
607:
602:
601:
595:
593:
589:
588:Joseph Heller
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
551:
549:
544:
543:juxtaposition
539:
530:
526:
522:
517:
507:
505:
504:
499:
498:Jean Beaufret
495:
494:
488:
485:
481:
480:sedimentation
475:
473:
469:
464:
459:
457:
456:
450:
448:
444:
434:
427:
424:
420:
416:
410:
408:
404:
400:
399:consciousness
395:
388:
370:
366:
362:
361:Rune Slagstad
358:
354:
353:
352:
350:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
321:
317:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
273:
272:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
232:
228:
226:
222:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:and novelist
174:
170:
164:
162:
158:
154:
151:, as well as
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
117:philosophical
114:
106:
102:
98:
94:
84:
75:
64:
55:
44:
37:
33:
19:
14536:Western Bloc
14336:AUSCANNZUKUS
14292:Contemporary
14241:Human rights
14087:Latin Church
14061:Christianity
14011:
13970:Conservatism
13935:
13815:contemporary
13652:Architecture
13588:World War II
13548:Emancipation
13543:Abolitionism
13431:Romanization
13426:Roman legacy
13407:Roman Empire
13296:
13252:Human rights
13195:After Virtue
12921:Schopenhauer
12695:Moral agency
12568:Common sense
12506:
12464:Universalism
12432:Expressivism
12412:Intuitionism
12383:Subjectivism
12328:Terraforming
12303:Professional
12079:
11898:Martin Lings
11851:Emil Brunner
11841:Paul Tillich
11831:Martin Buber
11746:W K Clifford
11723:Afrikan Spir
11638:Thomas Chubb
11590:Early modern
11570:Adi Shankara
11483:Philosophers
11467:Natural evil
11383:
11359:Spiritualism
11334:Perennialism
11287:Metaphysical
11180:
11131:Antireligion
11006:Teleological
10929:Cosmological
10880:BahĂĄÊŒĂ Faith
10845:Christianity
10804:Personal god
10558:Epistemology
10526:
10516:
10506:
10496:
10486:
10476:
10466:
10456:
10446:
10436:
10426:
10416:
10406:
10396:
10386:
10376:
10368:NyÄya SĆ«tras
10366:
10356:
10346:
10328:
10244:Wittgenstein
10189:Schopenhauer
10068:
10059:Unobservable
9909:Intelligence
9839:
9779:Subjectivism
9774:Spiritualism
9693:
9689:Essentialism
9669:Anti-realism
9495:Ressentiment
9380:Death of God
9372:
9366:Postcritique
9326:Authenticity
9216:Hermeneutics
9195:
9120:Schopenhauer
9025:LĂ©vi-Strauss
8738:Philosophers
8681:
8667:
8338:
8329:Postcritique
8319:Kyoto School
8278:Posthumanism
8258:Hermeneutics
8242:
8113: /
8054:Contemporary
8030:Newtonianism
7993:Cartesianism
7952:Reductionism
7812:
7788:Conservatism
7783:Collectivism
7721:
7449:SarvÄstivadÄ
7427:Anekantavada
7352:Neoplatonism
7320:Epicureanism
7253:Pythagoreans
7192:Confucianism
7158:Contemporary
7148:Early modern
7052:Anti-realism
7006:Universalism
6963:Subjectivism
6759:Epistemology
6510:Soloveitchik
6363:Philosophers
6254:Ressentiment
6193:Authenticity
6122:
6054:
6039:
6019:
6005:
5985:
5966:
5947:
5938:
5929:
5921:the original
5905:
5882:
5876:
5853:
5832:
5823:
5814:
5805:
5796:
5787:
5778:
5769:
5761:
5739:
5720:
5690:. Montreal.
5687:
5677:
5657:
5638:
5616:
5606:
5603:Philip Thody
5601:. Edited by
5598:
5592:Bibliography
5571:. New York:
5568:
5550:Google Books
5546:
5542:
5537:
5529:
5524:
5516:
5511:
5503:
5498:
5489:
5478:. Retrieved
5474:
5465:
5429:
5422:
5397:. New York:
5392:
5381:
5372:
5366:
5358:
5353:
5344:
5338:
5310:
5303:
5262:
5258:
5252:
5240:
5235:
5224:. Retrieved
5220:
5210:
5199:. Retrieved
5195:
5185:
5177:
5176:Cronin, A.,
5172:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5145:. Retrieved
5141:the original
5136:
5126:
5114:. Retrieved
5099:
5092:
5080:. Retrieved
5065:
5058:
5046:. Retrieved
5031:
5024:
5012:. Retrieved
4997:
4990:
4978:. Retrieved
4963:
4956:
4949:existential.
4948:
4941:. Retrieved
4925:
4917:
4905:. Retrieved
4890:
4883:
4864:
4858:
4845:
4839:
4822:
4811:. Retrieved
4807:
4797:
4786:. Retrieved
4782:the original
4772:
4761:. Retrieved
4757:the original
4747:
4736:. Retrieved
4732:the original
4722:
4714:
4698:
4694:
4689:
4681:
4676:
4667:
4657:
4645:. Retrieved
4640:
4634:
4621:
4613:
4608:
4600:
4595:
4587:
4582:
4574:
4569:
4561:
4557:
4552:
4542:
4537:
4529:
4524:
4516:
4512:
4507:
4499:
4494:
4487:
4483:
4466:
4460:
4452:
4447:
4439:
4434:
4426:
4421:
4413:
4408:
4400:
4395:
4387:
4369:
4364:
4356:
4351:
4332:
4326:
4299:
4280:
4275:
4256:
4250:
4240:, retrieved
4235:
4225:
4216:
4207:
4201:
4176:
4168:
4156:
4146:
4137:
4131:
4121:
4111:
4104:Barrett 1958
4099:
4086:
4076:November 18,
4074:. Retrieved
4066:
4056:
4047:
4039:
4034:
4023:. Retrieved
4019:
4010:
4002:
3998:
3989:
3978:. Retrieved
3968:
3957:. Retrieved
3955:. 2018-02-20
3947:
3937:, retrieved
3932:
3922:
3895:
3885:
3874:. Retrieved
3865:
3846:
3837:
3824:
3813:. Retrieved
3804:
3796:
3776:
3772:
3759:
3746:
3734:
3710:
3704:
3694:
3684:– via
3679:. Retrieved
3674:
3664:
3656:Google Books
3654:– via
3648:. Retrieved
3629:
3611:Google Books
3609:– via
3591:
3584:
3576:Google Books
3574:– via
3556:
3538:Google Books
3536:– via
3530:. Retrieved
3511:
3488:
3465:
3459:
3440:
3398:
3390:
3363:
3357:
3343:
3336:
3324:. Retrieved
3320:
3310:
3300:
3269:
3263:
3252:. Retrieved
3243:
3230:
3221:
3212:
3201:. Retrieved
3196:
3192:
3182:
3170:. Retrieved
3166:the original
3161:
3151:
3124:
3110:
3069:
3063:
3057:
3034:
3028:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3000:
2999:Ann Fulton,
2995:
2989:. p. 5.
2982:
2976:
2964:
2955:
2949:
2922:
2916:
2908:Google Books
2906:– via
2892:
2885:
2873:
2864:
2858:
2849:
2843:
2819:. New York:
2814:
2806:
2797:
2763:
2757:
2747:. New York:
2744:
2722:
2716:
2671:Existentiell
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2609:hypostatizes
2604:
2593:
2578:
2574:
2553:
2539:Michel Weber
2528:
2500:
2493:
2487:
2478:Binswanger,
2476:
2456:
2448:Georg Simmel
2393:
2374:Lewis Gordon
2354:Angela Davis
2350:Frantz Fanon
2346:W.E.B DuBois
2332:
2319:'Pataphysics
2297:
2296:in his book
2291:
2286:
2280:
2277:Jean Anouilh
2275:
2264:
2254:
2234:
2231:Tom Stoppard
2229:
2206:
2196:
2188:
2184:
2174:
2172:
2158:Jack Kerouac
2126:Albert Camus
2119:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2091:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2043:
2028:Wes Anderson
1977:
1972:Blade Runner
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1832:
1829:
1822:
1795:Hideaki Anno
1776:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1761:Orson Welles
1757:authenticity
1738:
1730:
1722:
1718:
1715:Kirk Douglas
1710:
1681:
1677:The Outsider
1675:
1672:Colin Wilson
1670:
1665:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1626:Paul Tillich
1624:
1617:
1611:
1606:
1596:The Stranger
1594:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1569:
1568:in his work
1559:
1552:
1548:Albert Camus
1536:
1529:André Breton
1508:
1494:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1456:
1450:
1449:) newspaper
1442:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1408:
1405:Albert Camus
1398:
1389:existentiale
1388:
1384:
1380:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1350:Karl Jaspers
1347:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1297:
1291:
1272:Martin Buber
1269:
1265:en situation
1264:
1260:
1250:
1244:
1236:
1230:
1212:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1153:Christianity
1133:
1126:
1112:19th century
1043:
1026:
1012:
1009:Albert Camus
998:
986:
943:
920:
896:
865:
857:
851:
848:
844:
823:
816:
801:
789:
774:
758:
756:
749:
744:Authenticity
741:
738:Authenticity
732:Authenticity
722:
715:
710:
706:
703:
699:
688:
682:
680:
665:
656:
640:
598:
596:
552:
534:
501:
491:
489:
483:
479:
476:
471:
467:
462:
460:
453:
451:
447:human nature
446:
439:
432:
422:
418:
414:
412:
393:
390:
364:
341:
319:
315:
313:
300:Albert Camus
289:
281:Neo-Socratic
280:
276:
255:philosopher
240:
238:
229:
221:authenticity
217:
213:Paul Tillich
205:Karl Jaspers
193:Albert Camus
165:
153:authenticity
112:
111:
43:Essentialism
14476:Open Balkan
14294:integration
14224:Rule of law
14219:Natural law
14196:Agnosticism
14174:Hellenistic
14152:Anglo-Saxon
14082:Catholicism
14021:Atlanticism
13926:Rationalism
13732:Immigration
13715:Esotericism
13573:World War I
13538:Romanticism
13518:Reformation
13498:Renaissance
13476:Middle Ages
13441:Christendom
13370:Foundations
13070:(c. 322 BC)
12936:Kierkegaard
12755:Stewardship
12532:Rousseauian
12449:Rationalism
12361:Cognitivism
12308:Programming
12283:Meat eating
12256:Engineering
11918:Antony Flew
11903:Peter Geach
11836:René Guénon
11783:Lev Shestov
11778:Rudolf Otto
11485:of religion
11324:Panentheism
11257:Inclusivism
11176:Exclusivism
11171:Esotericism
11141:Creationism
11121:Agnosticism
11089:Poor design
11084:Omnipotence
11011:Natural law
10986:Ontological
10939:Contingency
10789:Holy Spirit
10388:Metaphysics
10372:(c. 200 BC)
10362:(c. 350 BC)
10352:(c. 350 BC)
10239:Collingwood
10144:Malebranche
9892:Information
9820:Anima mundi
9799:Type theory
9754:Physicalism
9719:Materialism
9674:Determinism
9645:Metaphysics
9570:Film theory
9480:Ontopoetics
9385:Death drive
9361:Ideological
9280:Romanticism
9211:Hegelianism
8985:Kierkegaard
8845:Castoriadis
8805:de Beauvoir
8790:Baudrillard
8324:Objectivism
8263:Neo-Marxism
8225:Continental
8135:Meta-ethics
8115:Coherentism
8020:Hegelianism
7957:Rationalism
7917:Natural law
7897:Materialism
7823:Historicism
7793:Determinism
7684:Navya-NyÄya
7459:SautrÄntika
7454:Pudgalavada
7390:Vaisheshika
7243:Presocratic
7143:Renaissance
7082:Physicalism
7067:Materialism
6973:Normativity
6958:Objectivism
6943:Emergentism
6933:Behaviorism
6882:Metaphysics
6848:Determinism
6787:Rationalism
6460:Kierkegaard
6178:Abandonment
6020:In Our Time
5883:Colin Smith
5399:Basic Books
4832:here (link)
4177:Kierkegaard
3326:16 November
3236:(in French)
2768:McGraw-Hill
2603:criticized
2597:metaphysics
2480:Medard Boss
2463:Kierkegaard
2428:logotherapy
2378:Audre Lorde
2370:Stuart Hall
2358:Cornel West
2338:C.L.R James
2244:tragicomedy
2138:T. S. Eliot
2130:Franz Kafka
2098:Franz Kafka
2061:Mood Indigo
2032:Woody Allen
2024:Ăric Rohmer
1899:Taxi Driver
1851:Waking Life
1833:Melancholia
1753:objectivity
1319:, in 1931.
1305:Lev Shestov
1246:Don Quixote
1185:Dostoyevsky
1098:Mulla Sadra
1048:identified
903:rationalism
893:Rationalism
862:, he says:
793:Peeping Tom
752:determinism
556:Kierkegaard
529:Franz Stuck
365:existential
344:Scandinavia
314:The labels
181:rationalism
18:Existential
14567:Categories
14496:Rio Treaty
14007:Relativism
13965:Liberalism
13931:Empiricism
13883:Philosophy
13871:Secularism
13822:Philosophy
13759:Literature
13553:Capitalism
12966:Bonhoeffer
12675:Immorality
12618:Eudaimonia
12578:Conscience
12573:Compassion
12459:Skepticism
12454:Relativism
12371:Naturalism
12351:Absolutism
12323:Technology
12173:Deontology
11888:J L Mackie
11846:Karl Barth
11643:David Hume
11565:Maimonides
11550:Heraclitus
11339:Polytheism
11309:Nondualism
11297:Humanistic
11282:Naturalism
11272:Monotheism
11230:Henotheism
11225:Gnosticism
11156:Demonology
11039:747 gambit
10956:Experience
10794:Misotheism
10448:Monadology
10382:(c. 80 BC)
10089:Parmenides
9974:Perception
9872:Experience
9759:Relativism
9734:Naturalism
9684:Enactivism
9525:Wertkritik
9430:Hauntology
9395:Difference
9390:Différance
9130:Sloterdijk
9000:KoĆakowski
8623:Amerindian
8530:Australian
8469:Vietnamese
8449:Indonesian
7998:Kantianism
7947:Positivism
7937:Pragmatism
7912:Naturalism
7892:Liberalism
7870:Subjective
7808:Empiricism
7712:Avicennism
7657:Bhedabheda
7541:East Asian
7464:Madhyamaka
7444:Abhidharma
7310:Pyrrhonism
7077:Nominalism
7072:Naturalism
7001:Skepticism
6991:Relativism
6981:Absolutism
6910:Naturalism
6820:Deontology
6792:Skepticism
6777:Naturalism
6767:Empiricism
6731:Aesthetics
6635:Philosophy
6495:Rosenzweig
6314:Giacometti
6299:Dostoevsky
6261:Thrownness
5480:2022-11-10
5226:2008-04-07
5201:2008-06-23
5147:2015-02-17
4813:2008-11-17
4788:2010-03-08
4763:2010-03-08
4738:2010-03-08
4242:2022-11-10
4063:"Nihilism"
4025:2020-05-28
3980:2010-03-08
3959:2024-05-07
3939:2023-10-31
3876:2024-06-14
3815:2022-11-10
3681:2010-03-08
3254:2022-11-10
3203:2022-07-14
3172:12 January
3131:. p.
3127:. London:
3116:James Wood
3065:Philosophy
2969:Flynn 2006
2878:Flynn 2006
2823:. p.
2703:References
2637:existentia
2625:existentia
2567:A. J. Ayer
2545:Criticisms
2507:philosophy
2366:bell hooks
2362:Naomi Zack
2323:Surrealism
2310:Jean Genet
2082:Literature
1936:Easy Rider
1857:The Matrix
1839:Fight Club
1771:Der ProzeĂ
1630:Karl Barth
1477:The Plague
1365:Heidelberg
1293:I and Thou
1225:See also:
1145:Ăbermensch
1040:Precursors
981:See also:
955:Hans Jonas
930:See also:
899:positivism
889:Positivism
887:See also:
839:See also:
568:Dostoevsky
510:The absurd
147:world and
14628:Teleology
14608:Modernism
14441:Five Eyes
14436:EUâUK TCA
14278:Democracy
14167:Old Norse
14056:Abrahamic
14013:Peritrope
13995:Tolerance
13975:Socialism
13805:Mythology
13793:Classical
13742:Languages
13720:Astrology
13568:Modernism
13382:Old World
13227:Casuistry
13139:Either/Or
13046:Korsgaard
13041:Azurmendi
13006:MacIntyre
12946:Nietzsche
12876:Augustine
12871:Confucius
12851:Aristotle
12827:Ethicists
12785:Intrinsic
12750:Suffering
12660:Happiness
12633:Free will
12613:Etiquette
12558:Authority
12502:Epicurean
12497:Confucian
12492:Christian
12427:Emotivism
12251:Discourse
12188:Pragmatic
12160:Normative
11988:Loyal Rue
11713:Karl Marx
11535:Gaudapada
11364:Shamanism
11329:Pantheism
11314:Nontheism
11292:Religious
11277:Mysticism
11250:Christian
11240:Religious
11191:Atheistic
11186:Christian
11069:Nonbelief
11054:Free will
10870:Mormonism
10694:Afterlife
10608:Teleology
10573:Mereology
10553:Cosmology
10412:(c. 1000)
10309:Plantinga
10299:Armstrong
10249:Heidegger
10224:Whitehead
10209:Nietzsche
10129:Descartes
10099:Aristotle
10054:Universal
9984:Principle
9954:Necessity
9914:Intention
9867:Existence
9830:Causality
9769:Solipsism
9699:Free will
9560:Semiotics
9555:Semantics
9540:Discourse
9420:Genealogy
9410:Facticity
9181:Absurdism
9110:Schelling
9080:Nietzsche
8955:Heidegger
8770:Bachelard
8755:Althusser
8502:Pakistani
8464:Taiwanese
8411:Ethiopian
8384:By region
8370:By region
8185:Scientism
8180:Systemics
8040:Spinozism
7967:Socialism
7902:Modernism
7865:Objective
7773:Anarchism
7707:Averroism
7596:Christian
7548:Neotaoism
7519:Zurvanism
7509:Mithraism
7504:Mazdakism
7275:Cyrenaics
7202:Logicians
6835:Free will
6797:Solipsism
6744:Formalism
6485:Nietzsche
6435:Heidegger
6370:Abbagnano
6227:Facticity
6198:Bad faith
6183:Absurdism
6142:Christian
6137:Atheistic
5797:Either/Or
5744:Routledge
5706:cite book
5457:243565341
5295:145250815
5279:0021-9347
5161:The Times
4318:911266433
3976:. Tfd.com
3914:0022-1678
3517:Routledge
3349:Continuum
3102:241337492
3086:0031-8191
3043:cite book
2941:869368682
2708:Citations
2635:precedes
2571:predicate
2537:; as did
2524:Otto Rank
2488:Existence
2467:Otto Rank
2459:Rollo May
2436:sociology
2412:Heidegger
2396:Otto Rank
2271:Questions
2241:absurdist
2190:In Camera
2187:(meaning
2185:Huis Clos
2093:The Trial
2051:Red Beard
1984:Bela Tarr
1930:High Noon
1905:Toy Story
1810:æ»ă«èłăç
ăăăăŠ
1766:The Trial
1580:The Rebel
1342:Cartesian
1288:Jerusalem
1276:Frankfurt
1270:Although
1090:Descartes
1058:Jean Wahl
987:Although
915:free will
872:decision.
853:Either/Or
797:solipsism
690:in-itself
622:Facticity
616:Facticity
516:Absurdism
443:bad faith
403:Aristotle
369:Hegelians
239:The term
235:Etymology
149:free will
121:existence
14501:Schengen
14431:Eurozone
14271:Property
14266:Religion
14157:Frankish
14147:Germanic
14127:Paganism
14048:Religion
14036:European
13948:Humanism
13851:Religion
13810:Painting
13776:Internet
13727:Folklore
13698:Clothing
13669:Calendar
13645:Cyrillic
13630:Alphabet
13593:Cold War
13317:Category
13257:Ideology
13222:Axiology
13051:Nussbaum
13001:Frankena
12996:Anscombe
12986:Williams
12941:Sidgwick
12861:Valluvar
12856:Diogenes
12841:Socrates
12765:Theodicy
12760:Sympathy
12725:Pacifism
12715:Morality
12628:Fidelity
12608:Equality
12563:Autonomy
12551:Concepts
12512:Feminist
12487:Buddhist
12417:Nihilism
12356:Axiology
12313:Research
12246:Computer
12241:Business
12110:Category
12055:Religion
12045:Exegesis
11530:Boethius
11525:Averroes
11520:Avicenna
11502:medieval
11472:Theodicy
11319:Pandeism
11235:Humanism
11203:Thealogy
11146:Dharmism
11116:Acosmism
11108:Theology
10976:Morality
10971:Miracles
10850:Hinduism
10840:Buddhism
10799:Pandeism
10774:Demiurge
10742:Theodicy
10626:Category
10548:Axiology
10402:(c.â270)
10330:more ...
10284:Anscombe
10279:Strawson
10274:Davidson
10169:Berkeley
10109:Plotinus
10070:more ...
10009:Relation
9989:Property
9964:Ontology
9887:Identity
9808:Concepts
9739:Nihilism
9704:Idealism
9652:Theories
9598:Category
9440:Ideology
9356:Immanent
9351:Critique
9306:Alterity
9299:Concepts
9174:Theories
9160:Williams
9135:Spengler
9090:RanciĂšre
9020:Lefebvre
9005:Kristeva
8970:Irigaray
8965:Ingarden
8945:Habermas
8935:Guattari
8920:Foucault
8895:Eagleton
8840:Cassirer
8820:Bourdieu
8815:Blanchot
8800:Benjamin
8785:Bataille
8688:Category
8643:Yugoslav
8633:Romanian
8540:Scottish
8525:American
8454:Japanese
8434:Buddhist
8416:Africana
8406:Egyptian
8248:Feminist
8170:Rawlsian
8165:Quietism
8063:Analytic
8015:Krausism
7922:Nihilism
7887:Kokugaku
7850:Absolute
7845:Idealism
7833:Humanism
7621:Occamism
7588:European
7533:Medieval
7479:Yogacara
7439:Buddhist
7432:SyÄdvÄda
7315:Stoicism
7280:Cynicism
7268:Sophists
7263:Atomists
7258:Eleatics
7197:Legalism
7138:Medieval
7062:Idealism
7016:Ontology
6996:Nihilism
6900:Idealism
6658:Branches
6647:Branches
6455:Kaufmann
6415:Beauvoir
6395:Bultmann
6385:Berdyaev
6242:Nihilism
6171:Concepts
6157:Nihilist
6130:Variants
6082:Archived
5903:(1994).
5637:(2001).
5389:(1980).
5287:40034961
5116:26 March
5082:26 March
5048:26 March
5014:26 March
4980:26 March
4943:26 March
4907:26 March
4629:(2014).
4119:(1949).
3672:(1946).
3650:26 March
3532:26 March
3423:26355951
3382:26355951
3123:(2000).
2644:See also
2633:essentia
2629:essentia
2329:Activism
2321:or with
2287:Antigone
2282:Antigone
2213:exercise
1966:Badlands
1734:'s 1957
1601:Sisyphus
1471:Caligula
1438:The Wall
1373:Freiburg
1358:Existenz
1284:Hasidism
992:is that
989:nihilism
926:Religion
875:â
606:quietism
525:Sisyphus
429:â
394:a priori
376:Concepts
304:Socrates
225:theology
14346:Benelux
14251:Thought
14201:Atheism
14142:Finnish
14118:Culture
14113:Judaism
14075:Eastern
14071:Western
14066:Culture
14000:Paradox
13866:Decline
13827:Science
13703:History
13691:Studies
13674:Cuisine
13662:Periods
13622:Culture
13451:History
13417:Eastern
13412:Western
13363:culture
13215:Related
12961:Tillich
12926:Bentham
12901:Spinoza
12896:Aquinas
12881:Mencius
12795:Western
12770:Torture
12735:Precept
12690:Loyalty
12685:Liberty
12680:Justice
12593:Dignity
12583:Consent
12527:Kantian
12517:Islamic
12480:Schools
12366:Realism
12298:Nursing
12293:Medical
12278:Machine
12218:Applied
12081:more...
11814:postwar
11497:Ancient
11385:more...
11304:New Age
11245:Secular
11215:Fideism
11166:Dualism
11136:Atheism
11126:Animism
11032:Against
10875:Sikhism
10865:Judaism
10860:Jainism
10769:Brahman
10722:Miracle
10398:Enneads
10392:(c. 50)
10358:Timaeus
10348:Sophist
10294:Dummett
10289:Deleuze
10229:Russell
10219:Bergson
10214:Meinong
10194:Bolzano
10154:Leibniz
10134:Spinoza
10119:Aquinas
10104:Proclus
10034:Thought
10024:Subject
10004:Reality
9999:Quality
9969:Pattern
9929:Meaning
9904:Insight
9862:Essence
9847:Concept
9749:Realism
9714:Liberty
9679:Dualism
9425:Habitus
9341:Boredom
9231:Freudo-
9226:Western
9221:Marxism
9145:Strauss
9115:Schmitt
9055:Marcuse
9045:Lyotard
9035:Luhmann
9030:Levinas
8980:Jaspers
8975:Jameson
8960:Husserl
8940:Gramsci
8930:Gentile
8925:Gadamer
8885:Dilthey
8880:Derrida
8875:Deleuze
8810:Bergson
8780:Barthes
8750:Agamben
8638:Russian
8607:Spanish
8602:Slovene
8592:Maltese
8587:Italian
8567:Finland
8535:British
8517:Western
8507:Turkish
8492:Islamic
8487:Iranian
8439:Chinese
8426:Eastern
8393:African
8340:more...
8025:Marxism
7855:British
7798:Dualism
7694:Islamic
7652:Advaita
7642:Vedanta
7616:Scotism
7611:Thomism
7553:Tiantai
7496:Persian
7484:Tibetan
7474:ĆĆ«nyatÄ
7415:CÄrvÄka
7405:ÄjÄ«vika
7400:MÄ«mÄáčsÄ
7380:Samkhya
7295:Academy
7248:Ionians
7222:Yangism
7179:Chinese
7170:Ancient
7133:Western
7128:Ancient
7087:Realism
7044:Reality
7034:Process
6915:Realism
6895:Dualism
6890:Atomism
6772:Fideism
6548:Related
6520:Unamuno
6515:Tillich
6505:Shestov
6465:Levinas
6450:Jaspers
6440:Husserl
6430:Fondane
6425:Flusser
6405:Carlyle
6344:Unamuno
6329:Mahfouz
6319:Ionesco
6309:Fondane
6304:Ellison
6284:Buzzati
6277:Artists
6237:Meaning
6152:Islamic
6038:(ed.).
6023:at the
5560:Sources
5361:. p. 38
5247:, 1967.
4488:passim.
4092:NYU.edu
3719:4772778
3094:4544850
3017:English
2749:Penguin
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10522:(1943)
10512:(1927)
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10492:(1818)
10482:(1807)
10472:(1783)
10462:(1781)
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