27:
122:
EU cohesion policy and its financial instruments – the
Structural Funds – give strong priority to the development of research and innovation capacities, particularly in less developed regions. Together with the priority given in most Member States' internal policies, this can help the whole of Europe
91:
In 2002, the
Barcelona European Council set a target for EU R&D investment intensity to approach 3% of GDP. Subsequently, the Commission proposed an extensive action plan to increase and improve R&D expenditure in Europe and all Member States set national R&D investment targets linked to
138:
In its
Resolution of 7 December 2009 on enhanced governance of the ERA the Council invited the Commission to continue and further develop systematic and structured consultations with Member States and other relevant stakeholders in a transparent manner and has launched the process of redefining the
103:
Initiatives were launched to improve the coordination of research activities and programmes. They include the
European Technology Platforms, through which industry and other stakeholders develop shared long-term visions and strategic research agendas in areas of business interest, and the bottom-up
99:
In 2006, the EU adopted a broad-based innovation strategy aiming to improve the framework conditions for research and innovation. In this context, for example, a modernised
Community framework for State aid for research and innovation was adopted in November 2006, and initiatives have been taken to
74:
The Union shall have the objective of strengthening its scientific and technological bases by achieving a
European research area in which researchers, scientific knowledge and technology circulate freely, and encouraging it to become more competitive, including in its industry, while promoting all
142:
In parallel, following
Commission proposals, the Member States launched "partnership" initiatives to increase cooperation in five areas the careers, working conditions and mobility of researchers; the joint design and operation of research programmes; the creation of world-class European research
126:
Instruments for public to public partnerships like Joint
Programming Initiatives, the ERA-NET Scheme and Article 185 Initiatives have been developed to promote coordination between the national research funding organizations. This resulted in networking activities and the launch of transnational
95:
Policy coordination in the ERA was addressed by The Spring
European Council of March 2003 through the "open method of coordination", introduced by the Lisbon European Council in 2000, when it agreed to apply the OMC for policies related to investment in research, as well as to human resources and
134:
Following this, in 2008 the Member States and the
Commission launched a new political partnership, called the "Ljubljana Process", to overcome fragmentation and build a strong ERA. The ultimate aim of the Ljubljana Process was to establish "the fundamental role of ERA as a primary pillar for the
130:
The Commission decided to give renewed impetus to the construction of ERA in 2007. It published a Green Paper on ERA calling to end the fragmentation of the European research landscape. A wide public consultation confirmed the main policy orientations set out in the Green Paper.
47:(EU). Since its inception in 2000, the structure has been concentrated on European cooperation in the fields of medical, environmental, industrial, and socioeconomic research. The ERA can be likened to a research and innovation equivalent of the European "
51:" for goods and services. Its purpose is to increase the competitiveness of European research institutions by bringing them together and encouraging a more inclusive way of work, similar to what already exists among institutions in North America and
135:
Lisbon objectives and as an engine for driving the competitiveness of Europe". The adoption on 2 December 2008 of the European Research Area Vision 2020 by the Council marks a key milestone in the Ljubljana Process.
177:
352:
326:
162:
284:
182:
67:
384:
216:
111:
were explicitly designed to support the creation of ERA. New initiatives launched in conjunction with the 7th Framework Programme (2007-2013), such as the
143:
infrastructures; the transfer of knowledge and cooperation between public research and industry and international cooperation in science and technology.
424:
222:
116:
335:
429:
88:
of January 2000. The objective of creating ERA was endorsed by the EU shortly afterwards at the March 2000 Lisbon European Council.
108:
288:
127:
joint calls for research projects. In 2017 more than 100 countries participated in about 90 active P2P research networks.
60:
210:
204:
249:
388:
265:
228:
84:
The creation of a European Research Area (ERA) was proposed by the European Commission in its communication
172:
192:
167:
112:
119:
should also play a substantial role in creating world-class "knowledge and innovation communities".
198:
100:
support the emergence of European 'lead markets' in promising technology-intensive sectors.
363:
43:) is a system of scientific research programs integrating the scientific resources of the
8:
302:
48:
75:
the research activities deemed necessary by virtue of other Chapters of the Treaties.
104:
ERA-Net scheme which supports the coordination of national and regional programmes.
56:
157:
152:
44:
26:
418:
59:
and deepened multilateral cooperation among research institutions among the
123:
to participate in and derive full benefit from the European Research Area.
187:
407:
115:, have an important impact on the European research landscape. The
163:
Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
52:
254:, Commission of the European Communities, 18 January 2000
217:
European Council of Applied Sciences and Engineering
223:European Clinical Research Infrastructures Network
416:
178:Directorate-General of the Joint Research Centre
16:System of scientific research programs in the EU
353:"Research and innovation - European Commission"
117:European Institute of Innovation and Technology
68:Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
273:, Barcelona European Council, 15–16 March 2002
425:European Union and science and technology
417:
328:ERA European Commission Green Paper
61:member states of the European Union
13:
14:
441:
399:
430:Science and technology in Europe
251:Towards a European Research Area
211:European Research Advisory Board
205:European Institute of Technology
183:Directorate-General for Research
109:EU Research Framework Programmes
86:Towards a European Research Area
66:Section 1 in article 179 of the
25:
377:
345:
319:
295:
277:
258:
242:
229:European Higher Education Area
63:are central goals of the ERA.
1:
235:
7:
173:Seventh Framework Programme
146:
10:
446:
303:"Partnerships — ERA-LEARN"
92:the overall 3% objective.
79:
193:European Research Council
168:Sixth Framework Programme
113:European Research Council
96:mobility of researchers.
55:. Increased mobility of
24:
285:"Method of Coordination"
199:European Grid Initiative
267:Presidency Conclusions
77:
70:states the following:
37:European Research Area
20:European Research Area
72:
360:commission.europa.eu
385:"Ljubljana Process"
21:
139:mission of CREST.
19:
57:knowledge workers
33:
32:
437:
411:
410:
408:Official website
393:
392:
387:. Archived from
381:
375:
374:
372:
371:
362:. Archived from
357:
349:
343:
342:
340:
334:, archived from
333:
323:
317:
316:
314:
313:
307:www.era-learn.eu
299:
293:
292:
287:. Archived from
281:
275:
274:
272:
262:
256:
255:
246:
29:
22:
18:
445:
444:
440:
439:
438:
436:
435:
434:
415:
414:
406:
405:
402:
397:
396:
383:
382:
378:
369:
367:
355:
351:
350:
346:
338:
331:
325:
324:
320:
311:
309:
301:
300:
296:
283:
282:
278:
270:
264:
263:
259:
248:
247:
243:
238:
158:Bologna process
153:Lisbon Strategy
149:
82:
17:
12:
11:
5:
443:
433:
432:
427:
413:
412:
401:
400:External links
398:
395:
394:
391:on 2010-07-05.
376:
344:
318:
294:
291:on 2010-07-05.
276:
257:
240:
239:
237:
234:
233:
232:
226:
220:
214:
208:
202:
196:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
148:
145:
81:
78:
45:European Union
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
442:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
420:
409:
404:
403:
390:
386:
380:
366:on 2010-12-27
365:
361:
354:
348:
341:on 2010-12-26
337:
330:
329:
322:
308:
304:
298:
290:
286:
280:
269:
268:
261:
253:
252:
245:
241:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
150:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
118:
114:
110:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
87:
76:
71:
69:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
49:common market
46:
42:
38:
28:
23:
389:the original
379:
368:. Retrieved
364:the original
359:
347:
336:the original
327:
321:
310:. Retrieved
306:
297:
289:the original
279:
266:
260:
250:
244:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
85:
83:
73:
65:
40:
36:
34:
219:(Euro-CASE)
188:EuroScience
419:Categories
370:2024-07-30
312:2024-07-30
236:References
147:See also
225:(ECRIN)
213:(EURAB)
80:History
231:(EHEA)
356:(PDF)
339:(PDF)
332:(PDF)
271:(PDF)
207:(EIT)
201:(EGI)
195:(ERC)
53:Japan
107:The
35:The
41:ERA
421::
358:.
305:.
373:.
315:.
39:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
