108:
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183:, then it is wrong to inflict it unnecessary pain, in the same way that it is wrong to inflict pain on an animal, unless there are "sufficiently strong morally overriding reasons to do so". They also advocate for the "Principle of Substrate Non-Discrimination", which asserts: "If two beings have the same functionality and the same conscious experience, and differ only in the substrate of their implementation, then they have the same moral status."
20:
104:
such cases we have a moral obligation to treat them as if they are sentient; and the expected value principle, which asserts that we are "morally required to multiply our credence that they are by the amount of moral value they would have if they were, and to treat the product of this equation as the amount of moral value that they actually have". Sebo advocates for the latter position.
137:, that when it comes to animals of uncertain sentience, such as "fish, invertebrates such as crustaceans, snails and insects", that it is a "requirement of a morally decent (or virtuous) person that she at least pays attention to and is cautious regarding the possibly morally relevant aspects of such animals".
140:
Shelley A. Adamo argues that although the precautionary principle in relation to potential invertebrate sentience is the safest option, that it's not cost-free, as thoughtless legislation employed following the precautionary principle could be economically costly and that, as a result, we should be
91:
quotes
Wallace's discussion of the difficulty of establishing whether an animal can experience pain. Sebo calls the question of how to treat individuals of uncertain sentience, the "sentience problem" and argues that this problem which "Wallace raises deserves much more philosophical attention than
103:
In response to the problem, Sebo lays out three different potential approaches: the incautionary principle, which postulates that in cases of uncertainty about sentience it is morally permissible to treat individuals as if they are not sentient; the precautionary principle, which suggests that in
197:
Adam J. Shriver argues for "precise, precautionary, and probabilistic approaches to sentience" and asserts that the evidence provided by neuroscience has differing relevance to each; he concludes that basic protections for animals should be guided by the precautionary principle and that although
79:
and the resulting ethical implications of eating them. In 2014, the philosopher Robert C. Jones explored the ethical question that
Wallace raised, arguing that "ven if one remains skeptical of crustacean sentience, when it comes to issues of welfare it would be most prudent to employ the
198:
neuroscientific evidence in certain instances is not necessary to indicate that individuals of certain species require protections, "ongoing search for the neural correlates of sentience must be pursued in order to avoid harms that occur from mistaken accounts."
888:
157:
applied to all living beings because "there is a non-zero probability of sentience and consciousness" and that "we cannot justify excluding beings from consideration on the basis of uncertainty of their sentience".
126:, in answer to the question surrounding animal sentience, advocates for a practical framework based on the precautionary principle, arguing that the framework aligns well with conventional practices in
4282:
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sentient, then they deserve moral consideration—and "uncertainty about other minds", which refers to scientific and philosophical uncertainty about which individuals are sentient.
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precautionary principle regarding our treatment of these animals, erring on the side of caution". Maximilian Padden Elder takes a similar view regarding the capacity for
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47:—the capacity to subjectively sense and feel—and resulting ability to experience pain is uncertain; the topic has been particularly discussed within the field of
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3143:
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3295:
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5354:
889:"The UK’s Animal Welfare (Sentience) Bill Excludes the Vast Majority of Animals: Why We Must Expand Our Moral Circle to Include Invertebrates"
5374:
6639:
1003:
595:
Knutsson, Simon; Munthe, Christian (2017-04-01). "A Virtue of
Precaution Regarding the Moral Status of Animals with Uncertain Sentience".
52:
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it currently receives." Sebo asserts that there are two motivating assumptions behind the problem: "sentientism about
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6655:
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84:, arguing that the "precautionary principle is the moral ethic one ought to adopt in the face of uncertainty".
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1034:
839:"Ethical Extensionism under Uncertainty of Sentience: Duties to Non-Human Organisms without Drawing a Line"
687:"Ethical Extensionism under Uncertainty of Sentience: Duties to Non-Human Organisms without Drawing a Line"
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640:"Do insects feel pain? A question at the intersection of animal behaviour, philosophy and robotics"
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refers to questions surrounding the treatment of and moral obligations towards individuals whose
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127:
437:
408:
Elder, Maximilian Padden (2014). "The Fish Pain Debate: Broadening
Humanity's Moral Horizon".
327:
298:
Elder, Maximilian Padden (2014). "The Fish Pain Debate: Broadening
Humanity's Moral Horizon".
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790:, Wellcome Trust–Funded Monographs and Book Chapters, Cham (CH): Springer, pp. 221–233,
784:"The Role of Neuroscience in Precise, Precautionary, and Probabilistic Accounts of Sentience"
370:
Jones, Robert C. (2014). "The
Lobster Considered". In Korb, Scott; Bolger, Robert K. (eds.).
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35:, have been a topic of much debate. Nowadays, lobsters are usually considered sentient.
3630:
729:
Bostrom, Nick; Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2014), Frankish, Keith; Ramsey, William M. (eds.),
275:"Lobsters and crabs are sentient beings and shouldn't be boiled alive, UK report says"
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Shriver, Adam J. (2020), Johnson, L. Syd M.; Fenton, Andrew; Shriver, Adam (eds.),
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1064:
133:
Simon
Knutsson and Christian Munthe argue that from the perspective of
24:
863:
711:
119:
is uncertain, but the number of animals per meal is particularly high.
6783:
6695:
6427:
6407:
6306:
6216:
6189:
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6114:
5983:
5792:
4167:
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2849:
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2320:
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2183:
1962:
1907:
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1359:
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88:
44:
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19:
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1101:
893:
Animals & Society
Research Initiative, University of Victoria
28:
898:
6422:
6363:
6296:
6221:
6098:
5708:
5422:
1039:
941:
6402:
6392:
4287:
4152:
3117:
1703:
483:
Sebo, Jeff (2018-05-23). "The Moral
Problem of Other Minds".
373:
Gesturing Toward
Reality: David Foster Wallace and Philosophy
6664:
An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
6442:
6358:
6204:
6199:
6159:
2889:
740:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 316–334,
6368:
5677:
3853:
Overview of discretionary invasive procedures on animals
1620:
University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
75:" investigated the potential sentience and capacity of
3144:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
520:"The biggest problem with eating insects isn't "ew""
161:
548:"Animal sentience and the precautionary principle"
738:The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence
6886:
5627:List of international animal welfare conventions
5385:Dishes involving the consumption of live animals
999:List of international animal welfare conventions
728:
597:Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics
3296:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory
2727:
594:
5693:
3778:
914:
6640:Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel
1004:Moral status of animals in the ancient world
87:In the 2015 essay "Reconsider the Lobster",
2971:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society
2915:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
942:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)
5700:
5686:
4213:International Society for Applied Ethology
3785:
3771:
921:
907:
4392:Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science
3118:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)
3055:Human Environment Animal Protection Party
862:
795:
710:
563:
379:. New York: Bloomsbury. pp. 87–106.
5567:Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986
3176:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
1428:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
517:
106:
18:
6672:Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
1019:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
781:
731:"The ethics of artificial intelligence"
340:
144:
6887:
1096:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness
6925:Philosophy of artificial intelligence
5681:
5395:People associated with animal welfare
5355:Animal welfare and rights legislation
4243:Lord Dowding Fund for Humane Research
3766:
3312:Political Animals and Animal Politics
3116:
2900:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition
2825:Centre for Animals and Social Justice
2726:
1702:
1232:Concentrated animal feeding operation
1009:Timeline of animal welfare and rights
964:Animal rights by country or territory
940:
902:
724:
722:
637:
542:
407:
369:
341:Wallace, David Foster (August 2004).
297:
5375:Animal welfare and rights by country
4278:People's Dispensary for Sick Animals
4223:List of animal welfare organizations
3043:Animalist Party with the Environment
1325:Animal testing on non-human primates
836:
684:
482:
457:
453:
451:
449:
447:
272:
6688:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
5591:Animal Welfare (Sentience) Act 2022
3467:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home
1672:World Day for the End of Speciesism
181:artificial intelligence is sentient
13:
5632:Philippine Animal Welfare Act 1998
3792:
3592:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism
2935:United Activists for Animal Rights
2845:Doctors Against Animal Experiments
979:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies
830:
719:
638:Adamo, Shelley Anne (2016-08-01).
14:
6941:
4258:National Anti-Vivisection Society
3136:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
3096:Animal Rights National Conference
3019:Animal Protection Party of Canada
2976:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society
2830:Chinese Animal Protection Network
2755:American Anti-Vivisection Society
2229:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann
984:Animal rights in Indian religions
974:Animal rights and punk subculture
928:
444:
168:Ethics of artificial intelligence
162:Ethics of artificial intelligence
96:"—the idea that if an individual
55:frequently invoked in response.
23:Ethical questions around whether
6920:Ethics of science and technology
6869:
6868:
5662:
5661:
3984:Intrinsic value in animal ethics
3743:
3742:
3304:Animal Rights Without Liberation
2955:Voice for Animals Humane Society
1682:World Day for the End of Fishing
1677:World Day for Laboratory Animals
1107:Equal consideration of interests
855:10.3197/096327111X13077055165983
788:Neuroethics and Nonhuman Animals
703:10.3197/096327111X13077055165983
485:The Harvard Review of Philosophy
63:
5649:List of animal rights advocates
3025:Animal Justice Party of Finland
2910:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
2119:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
1707:(academics, writers, activists)
1600:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
775:
678:
631:
588:
6915:Issues in environmental ethics
6656:The Theory of Moral Sentiments
6026:Value monism – Value pluralism
4068:Animal Defenders International
3924:Abnormal behaviours in animals
3248:Animals, Property, and the Law
1320:Alternatives to animal testing
989:Christianity and animal rights
536:
518:Matthews, Dylan (2021-06-19).
511:
476:
438:10.5406/janimalethics.4.2.0016
422:10.5406/janimalethics.4.2.0016
401:
363:
334:
328:10.5406/janimalethics.4.2.0016
312:10.5406/janimalethics.4.2.0016
291:
266:
186:
77:crustaceans to experience pain
1:
4253:National Animal Welfare Trust
4163:Farm Animal Welfare Committee
4088:Animal Welfare Board of India
3964:Ethics of uncertain sentience
2885:Korea Animal Rights Advocates
1590:Cambridge University primates
1122:Ethics of uncertain sentience
685:Chan, Kai M.A. (2011-08-01).
656:10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.05.005
497:10.5840/harvardreview20185913
260:
41:ethics of uncertain sentience
6720:On the Genealogy of Morality
6680:Critique of Practical Reason
5615:Horse Protection Act of 1970
4198:Humane Slaughter Association
4193:Humane Society International
2945:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics
1090:Argument from marginal cases
797:10.1007/978-3-030-31011-0_13
746:10.1017/cbo9781139046855.020
141:cautious about adopting it.
7:
5597:Cruelty to Animals Act 1876
5526:Rapa das Bestas of Sabucedo
4228:League Against Cruel Sports
4203:International Animal Rescue
4128:Compassion in World Farming
3232:Morals, Reason, and Animals
2860:Farm Animal Rights Movement
2810:Anonymous for the Voiceless
1494:International primate trade
969:Anarchism and animal rights
887:Jakopovich, Daniel (2021).
201:
10:
6946:
6648:A Treatise of Human Nature
5707:
5585:Animal Welfare Act of 1966
5562:Animal testing regulations
3954:Compassionate conservation
3352:Making a Stand for Animals
3224:The Case for Animal Rights
2875:Hunt Saboteurs Association
2835:Cruelty Free International
2805:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
1330:Animal testing regulations
273:Hunt, Katie (2021-11-22).
190:
165:
149:Kai Chan advocates for an
6864:
6771:
6616:
6382:
6107:
6036:
5898:
5773:
5715:
5657:
5641:
5554:
5496:International Primate Day
5446:
5408:
5332:
5147:
5089:Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell
4976:
4967:
4602:
4431:
4422:
4341:
4055:
4007:
3916:
3878:Welfare of farmed insects
3800:
3738:
3711:
3658:
3608:
3548:
3541:
3507:The Ghosts in Our Machine
3362:
3344:Animal Ethics in the Wild
3127:
3123:
3112:
3088:
2999:
2963:
2780:Animal Legal Defense Fund
2747:
2740:
2736:
2722:
2559:
2278:
2271:
2074:William Hamilton Drummond
2016:
1725:
1716:
1712:
1698:
1659:
1638:
1577:
1527:
1469:
1441:
1433:Welfare of farmed insects
1378:
1310:
1202:
1195:
1060:Animal–industrial complex
1027:
951:
947:
936:
609:10.1007/s10806-017-9662-y
458:Sebo, Jeff (2015-09-09).
5999:Universal prescriptivism
4800:Alasdair Alpin MacGregor
4350:American Humane Magazine
4268:Party for Animal Welfare
4093:Animal Welfare Institute
3893:Feedback (pork industry)
3843:Intensive animal farming
3585:Journal of Animal Ethics
3451:Your Mommy Kills Animals
2840:Direct Action Everywhere
2244:Johann Heinrich Winckler
2189:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers
1646:Direct Action Everywhere
1350:Huntingdon Life Sciences
1335:Labcorp Drug Development
1292:Feedback (pork industry)
1257:Intensive animal farming
994:History of animal rights
837:Chan, Kai M. A. (2011).
460:"Reconsider the Lobster"
410:Journal of Animal Ethics
300:Journal of Animal Ethics
58:
6905:Issues in animal ethics
5788:Artificial intelligence
5609:EU Directive 1999/74/EC
5603:EU Directive 2010/63/EU
5579:Animal Welfare Act 2006
5573:Animal Welfare Act 1999
5536:Surin Elephant Round-up
5340:Animal advocacy parties
4875:Thomas Bywater Smithies
4845:Maude Gillette Phillips
4835:Catherine Louisa Pirkis
4740:Catherine Victoria Hall
4328:World Animal Protection
4323:Wildlife Aid Foundation
3720:Holocaust on your Plate
3491:An Apology to Elephants
3272:Do Animals Have Rights?
3208:Animals, Men and Morals
3184:Better-World Philosophy
3061:Italian Animalist Party
2940:United Poultry Concerns
2895:Last Chance for Animals
2790:Animal Liberation Front
2677:Maud Ingersoll Probasco
1162:Replaceability argument
1080:Animal-free agriculture
565:10.51291/2377-7478.1200
53:precautionary principle
31:, are sentient and can
5511:Monkey Buffet Festival
4660:Gerard Lysley Derriman
4313:Toronto Humane Society
3979:Humane law enforcement
3939:Animal welfare science
3929:Animal psychopathology
3693:Salvation of Innocents
3240:Zoos and Animal Rights
2815:Beauty Without Cruelty
2775:Animal Justice Project
2109:John Zephaniah Holwell
1763:Stephen St. C. Bostock
1340:Great ape research ban
959:Animal rights movement
343:"Consider the Lobster"
128:animal welfare science
120:
36:
6712:The Methods of Ethics
5950:Divine command theory
5945:Ideal observer theory
5438:Tza'ar ba'alei chayim
4690:Agnes Estcourt-Oswald
4449:Matthew E. Bershadker
4406:The Animals' Guardian
4158:Eurogroup for Animals
4042:Pain in invertebrates
3949:Behavioral enrichment
3883:Wild animal suffering
3848:Intensive pig farming
3712:Fairs and exhibitions
3599:The Animals' Defender
3571:Cahiers antispécistes
3499:Speciesism: The Movie
3320:Animal (De)liberation
3280:Striking at the Roots
3192:The Universal Kinship
3152:The Rights of Animals
3073:People Animals Nature
3067:Party for the Animals
2880:In Defense of Animals
2642:Nina Douglas-Hamilton
2029:David Renaud Boullier
1615:Silver Spring monkeys
1514:Wild animal suffering
1423:Pain in invertebrates
1262:Intensive pig farming
1152:Opposition to hunting
1117:Ethics of eating meat
244:Pain in invertebrates
224:Machine Consciousness
214:Ethics of eating meat
153:, which is a form of
110:
22:
6829:Political philosophy
5531:Running of the bulls
5250:Francis Orpen Morris
4935:Caroline Earle White
4850:Samuel Jackson Pratt
4770:Velma Bronn Johnston
4640:Victoria Braithwaite
4519:Emily Patterson-Kane
4469:Judy MacArthur Clark
4083:Animal Aid Unlimited
4073:Animal Welfare Party
3959:Conservation welfare
3903:Ventilation shutdown
3328:Sentientist Politics
3256:The Lives of Animals
3007:Animal Justice Party
2820:Born Free Foundation
2657:Lizzy Lind af Hageby
2531:Wendy Turner-Webster
2239:Adam Gottlieb Weigen
1461:Recreational fishing
1302:Ventilation shutdown
1070:Animal protectionism
1050:Animal consciousness
843:Environmental Values
691:Environmental Values
249:Philosophical zombie
209:Animal consciousness
155:ethical extensionism
145:Environmental ethics
73:Consider the Lobster
69:David Foster Wallace
16:Applied ethics issue
6799:Evolutionary ethics
6760:Reasons and Persons
6736:A Theory of Justice
5890:Uncertain sentience
5456:Blessing of animals
5290:William O. Stillman
5245:Basheer Ahmad Masri
5205:J. Morewood Dowsett
5200:Christian Adam Dann
4950:Alice Morgan Wright
4885:Ellin Prince Speyer
4700:Aida McAnn Flemming
4695:Edward G. Fairholme
4625:Madeleine Bemelmans
4479:Peter Ronald Davies
4333:World Horse Welfare
4238:Network for Animals
4118:Blue Cross of India
4032:Pain in crustaceans
4027:Pain in cephalopods
3994:Three Rs principles
3838:Eating live seafood
3833:Eating live animals
3828:Livestock dehorning
3752:( 139 )
3578:Etica & Animali
3564:Between the Species
3288:An American Trilogy
2981:Humanitarian League
2592:Frances Power Cobbe
2204:Arthur Schopenhauer
2199:Henry Stephens Salt
2079:Edward Payson Evans
1773:Stephen R. L. Clark
1630:War of the currents
1519:Wildlife management
1413:Pain in crustaceans
1408:Pain in cephalopods
239:Pain in cephalopods
151:environmental ethic
115:. The sentience of
82:fishes to feel pain
71:in his 2005 essay "
6794:Ethics in religion
6789:Descriptive ethics
6624:Nicomachean Ethics
5521:Pushkar Camel Fair
5380:Cruelty to animals
5365:Animal sanctuaries
5305:D. G. M. Wood-Gush
5260:Siobhan O'Sullivan
4925:Christopher Wathes
4895:Elisabeth Svendsen
4870:Catherine Smithies
4725:Colesworthey Grant
4439:Michael C. Appleby
4273:People for Animals
4022:Pain in amphibians
3969:Ethical omnivorism
3515:Unlocking the Cage
3336:Wild Animal Ethics
3160:The Ethics of Diet
3037:Animalist Movement
3013:Animal Politics EU
2925:Sentience Politics
2551:That Vegan Teacher
2164:Siobhan O'Sullivan
2149:José Ferrater Mora
1958:Steve F. Sapontzis
1451:Commercial fishing
1403:Pain in amphibians
1393:Cruelty to animals
1365:Operation Backfire
1204:Animal agriculture
1112:Emotion in animals
234:Pain in amphibians
121:
111:A modular cricket
37:
6882:
6881:
6849:Social philosophy
6834:Population ethics
6824:Philosophy of law
6804:History of ethics
6287:Political freedom
5964:Euthyphro dilemma
5755:Suffering-focused
5675:
5674:
5506:Dog Meat Festival
5481:Gadhimai festival
5328:
5327:
5270:Francis H. Rowley
5265:Charles Reinhardt
5195:Stephen Coleridge
5054:Alistair Lawrence
4989:Jonathan Balcombe
4963:
4962:
4905:Ralph Waldo Trine
4890:Christine Stevens
4820:Lady Mount Temple
4750:Rachel Hirschfeld
4620:H. Baillie-Weaver
4357:Animal Protection
4233:Marine Connection
3898:Foam depopulation
3823:Cormorant culling
3760:
3759:
3753:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3701:Onward to Freedom
3669:Animal Liberation
3654:
3653:
3475:Forks Over Knives
3427:Peaceable Kingdom
3387:Shores of Silence
3379:A Cow at My Table
3264:Eternal Treblinka
3216:Animal Liberation
3108:
3107:
3104:
3103:
2995:
2994:
2930:Uncaged Campaigns
2905:Mercy for Animals
2870:Great Ape Project
2785:Animal Liberation
2731:(groups, parties)
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2617:Elizabeth Farians
2526:Christine Townend
2466:Heather Nicholson
2391:Brigitte Gothière
2381:Antoine Goetschel
2267:
2266:
1928:Charles Patterson
1833:Gary L. Francione
1808:Josephine Donovan
1798:Daniel Dombrowski
1778:Alasdair Cochrane
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1573:
1572:
1504:Predation problem
1388:Animal euthanasia
1297:Foam depopulation
1132:Insects in ethics
807:978-3-030-31010-3
755:978-1-139-04685-5
386:978-1-4411-2835-5
219:Insects in ethics
179:argue that if an
177:Eliezer Yudkowsky
6937:
6872:
6871:
6819:Moral psychology
6764:
6756:
6748:
6744:Practical Ethics
6740:
6732:
6728:Principia Ethica
6724:
6716:
6708:
6700:
6692:
6684:
6676:
6668:
6660:
6652:
6644:
6636:
6632:Ethics (Spinoza)
6628:
6267:Moral imperative
5725:Consequentialism
5702:
5695:
5688:
5679:
5678:
5665:
5664:
5621:Hunting Act 2004
5546:World Animal Day
5471:Combat de Reines
5360:Animal sacrifice
5275:W. M. S. Russell
5255:George Nicholson
5155:George T. Angell
5099:Susan J. Pearson
4999:Geoffrey Barstow
4974:
4973:
4940:Emily Williamson
4795:Victoria Lidiard
4745:Edward Hemingway
4730:George Greenwood
4670:Marjorie Doggett
4594:Tina M. Widowski
4569:Adolfo Sansolini
4444:Cynthia Bathurst
4429:
4428:
4399:Our Dumb Animals
4010:nonhuman animals
3888:Wildlife farming
3787:
3780:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3557:Animal Sentience
3546:
3545:
3411:Legally Blonde 2
3371:The Animals Film
3125:
3124:
3114:
3113:
2920:Rise for Animals
2745:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2724:
2723:
2587:Edith Carrington
2491:Craig Rosebraugh
2451:Virginia McKenna
2441:Jo-Anne McArthur
2371:Juliet Gellatley
2276:
2275:
2234:Mary Anne Warren
2174:Humphrey Primatt
2159:Edward Nicholson
2129:Charles R. Magel
2094:Thomas G. Gentry
1953:Richard D. Ryder
1893:Thomas Lepeltier
1723:
1722:
1714:
1713:
1700:
1699:
1667:World Animal Day
1625:Unnecessary Fuss
1585:Brown Dog affair
1555:Animals in sport
1545:Animal slaughter
1540:Animal sacrifice
1479:Culling wildlife
1282:Wildlife farming
1200:
1199:
1045:Animal cognition
1014:Total liberation
949:
948:
938:
937:
923:
916:
909:
900:
899:
884:
866:
825:
824:
823:
822:
799:
779:
773:
772:
771:
770:
735:
726:
717:
716:
714:
682:
676:
675:
644:Animal Behaviour
635:
629:
628:
592:
586:
585:
567:
552:Animal Sentience
540:
534:
533:
531:
530:
515:
509:
508:
480:
474:
473:
471:
470:
455:
442:
441:
405:
399:
398:
378:
367:
361:
360:
358:
357:
352:. pp. 50–64
347:
338:
332:
331:
295:
289:
288:
286:
285:
270:
6945:
6944:
6940:
6939:
6938:
6936:
6935:
6934:
6910:Pain in animals
6885:
6884:
6883:
6878:
6860:
6767:
6762:
6754:
6746:
6738:
6730:
6722:
6714:
6706:
6698:
6690:
6682:
6674:
6666:
6658:
6650:
6642:
6634:
6626:
6612:
6385:
6378:
6302:Self-discipline
6262:Moral hierarchy
6210:Problem of evil
6155:Double standard
6145:Culture of life
6103:
6032:
5979:Non-cognitivism
5894:
5769:
5711:
5706:
5676:
5671:
5653:
5637:
5550:
5448:
5442:
5410:
5404:
5324:
5300:Ernst von Weber
5235:E. Douglas Hume
5160:Patrick Bateson
5143:
5139:Peter Wohlleben
5084:Virginia Morell
5064:Jeremy Marchant
5059:David Macdonald
5049:Barbara J. King
4969:
4959:
4945:H. Fergie Woods
4815:Shirley McGreal
4710:Basil Goldstone
4680:Alice Drakoules
4610:Gertrude Ansell
4598:
4534:Christine Nicol
4424:
4418:
4337:
4293:RSPCA Australia
4123:Cats Protection
4078:American Humane
4051:
4017:Pain in animals
4009:
4003:
3999:Welfare biology
3912:
3863:Poultry farming
3796:
3791:
3761:
3756:
3726:
3707:
3650:
3631:Muutoksen kevät
3604:
3537:
3443:Behind the Mask
3358:
3168:Animals' Rights
3119:
3100:
3084:
2991:
2959:
2732:
2706:
2567:Cleveland Amory
2555:
2521:Darren Thurston
2516:Marianne Thieme
2366:Bruce Friedrich
2331:Joey Carbstrong
2316:Brigitte Bardot
2263:
2254:Jon Wynne-Tyson
2144:J. Howard Moore
2089:John Galsworthy
2069:Wilhelm Dietler
2012:
2008:Corey Lee Wrenn
1918:Martha Nussbaum
1828:Lawrence Finsen
1768:Paola Cavalieri
1743:Kristin Andrews
1718:
1708:
1686:
1655:
1634:
1569:
1523:
1465:
1437:
1398:Pain in animals
1374:
1306:
1272:Poultry farming
1191:
1023:
943:
932:
927:
833:
831:Further reading
828:
820:
818:
808:
780:
776:
768:
766:
756:
733:
727:
720:
683:
679:
636:
632:
593:
589:
544:Birch, Jonathan
541:
537:
528:
526:
516:
512:
481:
477:
468:
466:
456:
445:
406:
402:
387:
376:
368:
364:
355:
353:
345:
339:
335:
296:
292:
283:
281:
271:
267:
263:
258:
229:Pain in animals
204:
195:
189:
170:
164:
147:
66:
61:
33:experience pain
17:
12:
11:
5:
6943:
6933:
6932:
6930:Theory of mind
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6876:
6865:
6862:
6861:
6859:
6858:
6851:
6846:
6844:Secular ethics
6841:
6839:Rehabilitation
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6775:
6773:
6769:
6768:
6766:
6765:
6757:
6749:
6741:
6733:
6725:
6717:
6709:
6704:Utilitarianism
6701:
6693:
6685:
6677:
6669:
6661:
6653:
6645:
6637:
6629:
6620:
6618:
6614:
6613:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6389:
6387:
6380:
6379:
6377:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6111:
6109:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6064:Existentialist
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6040:
6038:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6028:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5959:Constructivism
5956:
5955:
5954:
5953:
5952:
5947:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5933:Non-naturalism
5930:
5915:
5910:
5904:
5902:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5826:
5825:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5779:
5777:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5767:
5762:
5760:Utilitarianism
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5721:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5705:
5704:
5697:
5690:
5682:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5645:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5629:
5624:
5618:
5612:
5606:
5600:
5594:
5588:
5582:
5576:
5570:
5564:
5558:
5556:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5461:Bous al carrer
5458:
5452:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5412:
5411:considerations
5406:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5370:Animal testing
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5345:Animal killing
5342:
5336:
5334:
5330:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5322:
5320:William Youatt
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5285:Colin Spedding
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5240:James Macaulay
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5220:Ralph Fletcher
5217:
5215:George Fleming
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5134:Jennifer Skiff
5131:
5126:
5124:Matthew Scully
5121:
5116:
5111:
5109:Jessica Pierce
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5029:Temple Grandin
5026:
5021:
5016:
5014:Marian Dawkins
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4980:
4978:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4955:Gretchen Wyler
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4855:Wilfred Risdon
4852:
4847:
4842:
4840:Eliza Phillips
4837:
4832:
4827:
4825:Harriet Nevins
4822:
4817:
4812:
4810:Richard Martin
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4760:Clive Hollands
4757:
4755:Sjoerd Hofstra
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4675:Muriel Dowding
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4645:Roger A. Caras
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4615:Emily Appleton
4612:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4549:Ilka Reinhardt
4546:
4544:Sharon Pincott
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4524:Philip Lymbery
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4474:Kendra Coulter
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4454:Christa Blanke
4451:
4446:
4441:
4435:
4433:
4426:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4413:The Zoophilist
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4385:Human Advocate
4381:
4374:
4367:
4364:Animal Welfare
4360:
4353:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4138:Cinnamon Trust
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3934:Animal shelter
3931:
3926:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3808:Abandoned pets
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3794:Animal welfare
3790:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3697:
3689:
3681:
3673:
3664:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3552:
3550:
3543:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3527:
3519:
3511:
3503:
3495:
3487:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3415:
3407:
3403:Meet Your Meat
3399:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3348:
3340:
3332:
3324:
3316:
3308:
3300:
3292:
3284:
3276:
3268:
3260:
3252:
3244:
3236:
3228:
3220:
3212:
3204:
3200:The New Ethics
3196:
3188:
3180:
3172:
3164:
3156:
3148:
3140:
3131:
3129:
3121:
3120:
3110:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3031:Animals' Party
3028:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2800:AnimaNaturalis
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2770:Animal Justice
2767:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2742:
2734:
2733:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2702:Gretchen Wyler
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2632:Lewis Gompertz
2629:
2624:
2622:Emarel Freshel
2619:
2614:
2612:Muriel Dowding
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2546:Gary Yourofsky
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2461:Ingrid Newkirk
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:Charlotte Laws
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2326:Yves Bonnardel
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2301:Martin Balluch
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2249:Steven M. Wise
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2194:Bernard Rollin
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2154:Leonard Nelson
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2059:Herman Daggett
2056:
2051:
2049:Priscilla Cohn
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2024:Jeremy Bentham
2020:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1938:Jessica Pierce
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1868:Kyle Johannsen
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:David DeGrazia
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1733:Carol J. Adams
1729:
1727:
1720:
1710:
1709:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1605:Pit of despair
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1535:Abandoned pets
1531:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1382:
1380:Animal welfare
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1355:Model organism
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1312:Animal testing
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1287:Working animal
1284:
1279:
1277:Slaughterhouse
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1252:Insect farming
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:Animal product
1208:
1206:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1167:Sentiocentrism
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1075:Animal welfare
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
955:
953:
945:
944:
934:
933:
926:
925:
918:
911:
903:
897:
896:
885:
849:(3): 323–346.
832:
829:
827:
826:
806:
774:
754:
718:
697:(3): 323–346.
677:
630:
603:(2): 213–224.
587:
546:(2017-01-01).
535:
510:
475:
443:
400:
385:
362:
333:
290:
264:
262:
259:
257:
256:
254:Sentiocentrism
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
205:
203:
200:
188:
185:
163:
160:
146:
143:
124:Jonathan Birch
65:
62:
60:
57:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6942:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6900:Consciousness
6898:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6875:
6867:
6866:
6863:
6857:
6856:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6776:
6774:
6770:
6761:
6758:
6753:
6750:
6745:
6742:
6737:
6734:
6729:
6726:
6721:
6718:
6713:
6710:
6705:
6702:
6697:
6694:
6689:
6686:
6681:
6678:
6673:
6670:
6665:
6662:
6657:
6654:
6649:
6646:
6641:
6638:
6633:
6630:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6615:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6386:
6381:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6339:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6257:Moral courage
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6196:
6195:Good and evil
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6180:Family values
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6039:
6035:
6027:
6024:
6023:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5994:Quasi-realism
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5981:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5901:
5897:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5819:
5818:Environmental
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5740:Particularism
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5703:
5698:
5696:
5691:
5689:
5684:
5683:
5680:
5668:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5634:(Philippines)
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5577:
5574:
5571:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5553:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5541:Toro embolado
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5516:October Horse
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5491:Goose pulling
5489:
5487:
5486:Goat throwing
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5466:Cock throwing
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5445:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5407:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5350:Animal rights
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5331:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5310:Frans de Waal
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5280:Chris Sherwin
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5225:Ruth Harrison
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5190:Gerald Carson
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5180:Arthur Broome
5178:
5176:
5175:Edward Berdoe
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5146:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5104:Dale Peterson
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5079:Sy Montgomery
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4994:Michael Balls
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4984:Arnold Arluke
4982:
4981:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4966:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4860:Peter Roberts
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4715:Julia Goddard
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4685:Sarah J. Eddy
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4635:Mary Brancker
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4579:Karen Stockin
4577:
4575:
4574:Rakesh Shukla
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4564:Sepehr Salimi
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4554:Jill Robinson
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4539:Wayne Pacelle
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4529:Damien Mander
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4514:Kathrin Glock
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4504:Alison Hanlon
4502:
4500:
4499:Celia Hammond
4497:
4495:
4494:Robin Ganzert
4492:
4490:
4489:Alanna Devine
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4427:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4371:AWI Quarterly
4368:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:Humane Canada
4181:
4179:
4178:Hedgehog Care
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4103:Band of Mercy
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4056:Organisations
4054:
4048:
4047:Grimace scale
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3974:Five freedoms
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3944:Anthrozoology
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:Dairy farming
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3818:Chick culling
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3776:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3749:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3677:Tame Yourself
3674:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3638:No Compromise
3635:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:(3rd century)
3138:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3115:
3111:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3069:(Netherlands)
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2795:Animal Rising
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2765:Animal Ethics
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Jessie Mackay
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2637:James Granger
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2572:Henry B. Amos
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2541:Louise Wallis
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2506:Kim Stallwood
2504:
2502:
2501:Jasmin Singer
2499:
2497:
2496:Nathan Runkle
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:David Olivier
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:John Feldmann
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Aymeric Caron
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:Carole Baskin
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2209:Laurids Smith
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2179:James Rachels
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2124:John Lawrence
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:Brigid Brophy
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1998:Tatjana Višak
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1988:David Sztybel
1986:
1984:
1983:Cass Sunstein
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1948:Mark Rowlands
1946:
1944:
1943:Evelyn Pluhar
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1898:Andrew Linzey
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1883:Will Kymlicka
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1863:Dale Jamieson
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:Valéry Giroux
1841:
1839:
1838:Robert Garner
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1803:Sue Donaldson
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1783:J. M. Coetzee
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1748:Tom Beauchamp
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1651:Hunt sabotage
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:Methodologies
1637:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1484:Hare coursing
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1366:
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1358:
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1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1227:Chick culling
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1187:Vegetarianism
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Anthrozoology
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:Animal ethics
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
956:
954:
950:
946:
939:
935:
931:
930:Animal rights
924:
919:
917:
912:
910:
905:
904:
901:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
835:
834:
817:
813:
809:
803:
798:
793:
789:
785:
778:
765:
761:
757:
751:
747:
743:
739:
732:
725:
723:
713:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
681:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
634:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
591:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
539:
525:
521:
514:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
479:
465:
464:What's Wrong?
461:
454:
452:
450:
448:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
404:
396:
392:
388:
382:
375:
374:
366:
351:
344:
337:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
294:
280:
276:
269:
265:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
206:
199:
194:
184:
182:
178:
174:
169:
159:
156:
152:
142:
138:
136:
135:virtue ethics
131:
129:
125:
118:
114:
109:
105:
101:
99:
95:
90:
85:
83:
78:
74:
70:
64:Animal ethics
56:
54:
50:
49:animal ethics
46:
42:
34:
30:
26:
21:
6853:
6809:Human rights
6752:After Virtue
6478:Schopenhauer
6252:Moral agency
6125:Common sense
6021:Universalism
5989:Expressivism
5969:Intuitionism
5940:Subjectivism
5889:
5885:Terraforming
5860:Professional
5210:Audrey Eyton
5165:Beddow Bayly
5129:Paul Shapiro
5094:Clare Palmer
5074:Daniel Mills
5069:Jeff McMahan
5034:Celia Haddon
5024:Jane Goodall
5009:Donald Broom
4977:Contemporary
4915:Ethel Venton
4910:Sidney Trist
4880:Herbert Snow
4780:Titus Lander
4775:Albert Knapp
4765:John A. Hoyt
4735:Peter Gurney
4720:Robert Gower
4665:Maria Dickin
4655:Brian Davies
4584:Patti Strand
4559:Naomi Sagara
4484:Petra Deimer
4432:Contemporary
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4378:Cruel Sports
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4342:Publications
4308:Tiggywinkles
4248:MSPCA-Angell
4098:Badger Trust
4037:Pain in fish
3989:Rescue group
3963:
3813:Blood sports
3718:
3699:
3691:
3683:
3675:
3667:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3529:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3425:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3385:
3377:
3369:
3350:
3342:
3334:
3326:
3318:
3310:
3302:
3294:
3286:
3278:
3270:
3262:
3254:
3246:
3238:
3230:
3222:
3214:
3206:
3198:
3190:
3182:
3174:
3166:
3158:
3150:
3142:
3134:
2987:Oxford Group
2855:Every Animal
2748:Contemporary
2697:Andrew Tyler
2687:Nell Shipman
2627:André Géraud
2536:Jerry Vlasak
2511:Lynda Stoner
2486:Alex Pacheco
2416:Evanna Lynch
2411:Howard Lyman
2396:Wayne Hsiung
2356:Chris DeRose
2346:Rod Coronado
2279:Contemporary
2219:Thomas Tryon
2139:Mary Midgley
2134:Jean Meslier
2114:Soame Jenyns
2104:John Hildrop
2099:Arthur Helps
2064:Richard Dean
2039:Peter Buchan
1978:Gary Steiner
1973:Peter Singer
1968:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
1933:David Pearce
1923:Clare Palmer
1913:David Nibert
1903:Clair Linzey
1813:Joan Dunayer
1738:Aysha Akhtar
1726:Contemporary
1595:McLibel case
1550:Animal trial
1509:Seal hunting
1471:Wild animals
1456:Fishing bait
1418:Pain in fish
1237:Fish farming
1217:Battery cage
1137:Meat paradox
1121:
1094:
1035:Abolitionism
892:
846:
842:
819:, retrieved
787:
777:
767:, retrieved
737:
694:
690:
680:
647:
643:
633:
600:
596:
590:
555:
551:
538:
527:. Retrieved
523:
513:
488:
484:
478:
467:. Retrieved
463:
416:(2): 16–29.
413:
409:
403:
372:
365:
354:. Retrieved
349:
336:
306:(2): 16–29.
303:
299:
293:
282:. Retrieved
278:
268:
196:
173:Nick Bostrom
171:
148:
139:
132:
122:
102:
97:
94:moral status
86:
67:
40:
38:
6627:(c. 322 BC)
6493:Kierkegaard
6312:Stewardship
6089:Rousseauian
6006:Rationalism
5918:Cognitivism
5865:Programming
5840:Meat eating
5813:Engineering
5555:Legislation
5476:Eid al-Adha
5447:Rituals and
5295:Bell Taylor
5185:Jean Burden
5170:Ernest Bell
5119:Carl Safina
5114:Diana Reiss
5019:Bruce Fogle
5004:Marc Bekoff
4970:and writers
4930:Franz Weber
4920:Jessey Wade
4900:Mary Tealby
4805:Terry Maple
4705:Lucy Furman
4630:Henry Bergh
4589:Sally Varma
4464:Jan Cameron
4459:Moira Brown
4425:and workers
3873:Vivisection
3542:Periodicals
3419:The Meatrix
3395:The Witness
3009:(Australia)
2983:(1891–1919)
2865:Faunalytics
2692:Henry Spira
2682:Hans Ruesch
2672:Jill Phipps
2667:Norm Phelps
2647:Barry Horne
2607:Royal Dixon
2602:Karen Davis
2582:Ernest Bell
2476:Ric O'Barry
2471:Jack Norris
2436:Dan Mathews
2341:Jake Conroy
2311:Barbi Twins
2286:James Aspey
2224:Gary Varner
2214:John Styles
2054:Henry Crowe
2003:Paul Waldau
1993:Michael Tye
1888:Renan Larue
1873:Melanie Joy
1858:Oscar Horta
1853:John Hadley
1823:Catia Faria
1818:Mylan Engel
1788:Alice Crary
1758:Steven Best
1753:Marc Bekoff
1719:and writers
1660:Observances
1565:Live export
1499:Ivory trade
1370:Vivisection
1345:Green Scare
1242:Fur farming
1147:Open rescue
1142:Nonviolence
193:Neuroethics
187:Neuroethics
51:, with the
25:crustaceans
6889:Categories
6523:Bonhoeffer
6232:Immorality
6175:Eudaimonia
6135:Conscience
6130:Compassion
6016:Skepticism
6011:Relativism
5928:Naturalism
5908:Absolutism
5880:Technology
5730:Deontology
5333:Categories
5315:Hugh Wirth
5230:C. W. Hume
5148:Historical
5044:Erich Hoyt
5039:Jane Hurst
4865:Jan Salter
4830:Felix Ortt
4790:Etta Lemon
4785:Carla Lane
4650:Jim Cronin
4603:Historical
4509:Brian Hare
4143:Dogs Trust
4113:Blue Cross
3868:Puppy mill
3531:Seaspiracy
3435:Earthlings
3075:(Portugal)
3049:DierAnimal
2964:Historical
2760:Animal Aid
2652:Marie Huot
2597:Joan Court
2577:Bob Barker
2560:Historical
2446:LuĂsa Mell
2426:Keith Mann
2421:Bill Maher
2406:Ronnie Lee
2376:Tal Gilboa
2351:Karen Dawn
2291:Greg Avery
2169:Rod Preece
2084:T. Forster
2044:Mona Caird
2017:Historical
1878:Hilda Kean
1848:Lori Gruen
1182:Vegaphobia
1172:Speciesism
1065:Animal law
864:2429/45342
821:2020-07-30
769:2020-07-30
712:2429/45342
529:2024-07-08
469:2020-07-30
356:2020-07-30
284:2024-07-08
261:References
191:See also:
166:See also:
27:, such as
6895:Bioethics
6784:Casuistry
6696:Either/Or
6603:Korsgaard
6598:Azurmendi
6563:MacIntyre
6503:Nietzsche
6433:Augustine
6428:Confucius
6408:Aristotle
6384:Ethicists
6342:Intrinsic
6307:Suffering
6217:Happiness
6190:Free will
6170:Etiquette
6115:Authority
6059:Epicurean
6054:Confucian
6049:Christian
5984:Emotivism
5808:Discourse
5745:Pragmatic
5717:Normative
5449:festivals
5409:Religious
5390:Fur trade
4423:Activists
4168:Four Paws
4108:Battersea
3908:Barn fire
3685:Manifesto
3624:Bite Back
3609:Magazines
3483:Vegucated
3081:(Germany)
3079:V-ParteiÂł
3057:(Germany)
3051:(Belgium)
3027:(Finland)
2850:Equanimal
2456:Morrissey
2431:Jim Mason
2386:Mark Gold
2321:Gene Baur
2296:Matt Ball
2272:Activists
2184:Tom Regan
1963:Jeff Sebo
1908:Dan Lyons
1717:Academics
1705:Advocates
1560:Live food
1360:Nafovanny
1267:Livestock
1247:Fur trade
1222:Bile bear
1157:Personism
952:Overviews
895:, Canada.
873:0963-2719
764:151328482
664:0003-3472
650:: 75–79.
625:149006196
617:1573-322X
574:2377-7478
505:212633342
491:: 51–70.
430:2156-5414
395:857981573
320:2156-5414
89:Jeff Sebo
45:sentience
6874:Category
6814:Ideology
6779:Axiology
6608:Nussbaum
6558:Frankena
6553:Anscombe
6543:Williams
6498:Sidgwick
6418:Valluvar
6413:Diogenes
6398:Socrates
6322:Theodicy
6317:Sympathy
6282:Pacifism
6272:Morality
6185:Fidelity
6165:Equality
6120:Autonomy
6108:Concepts
6069:Feminist
6044:Buddhist
5974:Nihilism
5913:Axiology
5870:Research
5803:Computer
5798:Business
5667:Category
5501:Kapparot
5433:Shechita
5418:Dhabihah
4968:Scholars
3917:Concepts
3748:Category
3617:Arkangel
3549:Journals
3523:Dominion
3459:The Cove
3089:Activism
3033:(Sweden)
3021:(Canada)
3015:(Europe)
2729:Movement
2259:Voltaire
1177:Veganism
1127:Ethology
1028:Concepts
881:23048366
816:32223121
672:53167462
582:37538020
202:See also
117:crickets
29:lobsters
6772:Related
6518:Tillich
6483:Bentham
6458:Spinoza
6453:Aquinas
6438:Mencius
6352:Western
6327:Torture
6292:Precept
6247:Loyalty
6242:Liberty
6237:Justice
6150:Dignity
6140:Consent
6084:Kantian
6074:Islamic
6037:Schools
5923:Realism
5855:Nursing
5850:Medical
5835:Machine
5775:Applied
5642:Related
5400:Whaling
4298:Save Me
4283:RNZSPCA
4263:OneKind
4008:Pain in
3063:(Italy)
3045:(Spain)
3039:(Italy)
3000:Parties
1489:Hunting
1443:Fishing
1102:Carnism
350:Gourmet
6763:(1984)
6755:(1981)
6747:(1979)
6739:(1971)
6731:(1903)
6723:(1887)
6715:(1874)
6707:(1861)
6699:(1843)
6691:(1820)
6683:(1788)
6675:(1785)
6667:(1780)
6659:(1759)
6651:(1740)
6643:(1726)
6635:(1677)
6593:Taylor
6578:Parfit
6573:Singer
6548:Mackie
6423:Cicero
6364:Virtue
6297:Rights
6222:Honour
6079:Jewish
5875:Sexual
5783:Animal
5765:Virtue
5709:Ethics
5423:Jhatka
3801:Issues
3750:
3723:(2003)
3704:(2014)
3696:(2014)
3688:(2008)
3680:(1991)
3672:(1987)
3660:Albums
3534:(2021)
3526:(2018)
3518:(2016)
3510:(2013)
3502:(2013)
3494:(2013)
3486:(2011)
3478:(2011)
3470:(2009)
3462:(2009)
3454:(2007)
3446:(2006)
3438:(2005)
3430:(2004)
3422:(2003)
3414:(2003)
3406:(2002)
3398:(2000)
3390:(2000)
3382:(1998)
3374:(1981)
3355:(2022)
3347:(2022)
3339:(2020)
3331:(2018)
3323:(2016)
3315:(2014)
3307:(2012)
3299:(2010)
3291:(2009)
3283:(2008)
3275:(2005)
3267:(2001)
3259:(1999)
3251:(1995)
3243:(1993)
3235:(1987)
3227:(1983)
3219:(1975)
3211:(1971)
3203:(1907)
3195:(1906)
3187:(1899)
3179:(1897)
3171:(1892)
3163:(1883)
3155:(1838)
3147:(1824)
2741:Groups
1196:Issues
1040:Ahimsa
879:
871:
814:
804:
762:
752:
670:
662:
623:
615:
580:
572:
558:(16).
503:
436:
428:
393:
383:
326:
318:
6855:Index
6617:Works
6588:Adams
6583:Nagel
6538:Dewey
6533:Rawls
6513:Barth
6508:Moore
6473:Hegel
6448:Xunzi
6403:Plato
6393:Laozi
6374:Wrong
6347:Japan
6337:Value
6332:Trust
6227:Ideal
6094:Stoic
5845:Media
5830:Legal
5428:Kutha
4303:SSPCA
4288:RSPCA
4218:ISPCA
4173:FRAME
4153:DSPCA
4063:ASPCA
3645:Satya
3363:Films
3128:Books
2950:Viva!
1578:Cases
1528:Other
877:JSTOR
760:S2CID
734:(PDF)
668:S2CID
621:S2CID
578:S2CID
501:S2CID
434:JSTOR
377:(PDF)
346:(PDF)
324:JSTOR
59:Views
6568:Hare
6528:Foot
6488:Mill
6468:Kant
6463:Hume
6443:Mozi
6359:Vice
6277:Norm
6205:Evil
6200:Good
6160:Duty
5900:Meta
5823:Land
5750:Role
5735:Care
5623:(UK)
5617:(US)
5611:(EU)
5605:(EU)
5599:(UK)
5593:(UK)
5587:(US)
5581:(UK)
5575:(NZ)
5569:(UK)
4318:UFAW
4208:IFAW
4188:HSUS
4148:DSPA
4133:CAWF
2890:L214
1610:SHAC
869:ISSN
812:PMID
802:ISBN
750:ISBN
660:ISSN
613:ISSN
570:ISSN
426:ISSN
391:OCLC
381:ISBN
316:ISSN
175:and
113:farm
39:The
6369:Vow
6099:Tao
5793:Bio
859:hdl
851:doi
792:doi
742:doi
707:hdl
699:doi
652:doi
648:118
605:doi
560:doi
524:Vox
493:doi
418:doi
308:doi
279:CNN
130:.
6891::
891:,
875:.
867:.
857:.
847:20
845:.
841:.
810:,
800:,
786:,
758:,
748:,
736:,
721:^
705:.
695:20
693:.
689:.
666:.
658:.
646:.
642:.
619:.
611:.
601:30
599:.
576:.
568:.
554:.
550:.
522:.
499:.
489:25
487:.
462:.
446:^
432:.
424:.
412:.
389:.
348:.
322:.
314:.
302:.
277:.
98:is
5701:e
5694:t
5687:v
3786:e
3779:t
3772:v
922:e
915:t
908:v
883:.
861::
853::
794::
744::
715:.
709::
701::
674:.
654::
627:.
607::
584:.
562::
556:2
532:.
507:.
495::
472:.
440:.
420::
414:4
397:.
359:.
330:.
310::
304:4
287:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
