4664:
4675:
35:
4695:
4705:
4685:
4654:
276:
cattle herds ranges from 0 to 60%. Some cattle may also be so-called "super-shedders" of the bacterium. Super-shedders may be defined as cattle exhibiting rectoanal junction colonization and excreting >10 CFU g feces. Super-shedders have been found to constitute a small proportion of the cattle in
293:
O157:H7 can come from ingestion of contaminated food or water, or oral contact with contaminated surfaces. Examples of this can be undercooked ground beef but also leafy vegetables and raw milk. Fields often become contaminated with the bacterium through irrigation processes or contaminated water
463:
The pathogen results in an estimated 2,100 hospitalizations annually in the United States. The illness is often misdiagnosed; therefore, expensive and invasive diagnostic procedures may be performed. Patients who develop HUS often require prolonged hospitalization,
4284:
398:
While fluid replacement and blood pressure support may be necessary to prevent death from dehydration, most patients recover without treatment in 5–10 days. There is no evidence that antibiotics improve the course of disease, and treatment with
1417:
Riley, Lee W.; Remis, Robert S.; Helgerson, Steven D.; McGee, Harry B.; Wells, Joy G.; Davis, Betty R.; Hebert, Richard J.; Olcott, Ellen S.; Johnson, Linda M.; Hargrett, Nancy T.; Blake, Paul A.; Cohen, Mitchell L. (March 24, 1983).
334:, or the variant cefixime potassium tellurite sorbitol-MacConkey agar (CT-SMAC). On SMAC agar, O157:H7 colonies appear clear due to their inability to ferment sorbitol, while the colonies of the usual sorbitol-fermenting serotypes of
374:
with water that has been treated with adequate levels of chlorine or other effective disinfectants after using the lavatory or changing a diaper, especially among children or those with diarrhea, reduces the risk of transmission.
407:(HUS). The antibiotics are thought to trigger prophage induction, and the prophages released by the dying bacteria infect other susceptible bacteria, converting them into toxin-producing forms. Antidiarrheal agents, such as
1617:
1602:
751:
O'Brien AD, Newland JW, Miller SF, Holmes RK, Smith HW, Formal SB (November 1984). "Shiga-like toxin-converting phages from
Escherichia coli strains that cause hemorrhagic colitis or infantile diarrhea".
4279:
1149:
230:
responsible seems to have infected the strain's ancestors fairly recently, as viral particles have been observed to replicate in the host if it is stressed in some way (e.g. antibiotics).
226:
containing the structural gene coding for the toxin, and nonproducing strains may become infected and produce shiga-like toxins after incubation with shiga toxin positive strains. The
126:
failure; these have been reported to cause the deaths of children younger than five years of age, of elderly patients, and of patients whose immune systems are otherwise compromised.
2027:
414:
Certain novel treatment strategies, such as the use of anti-induction strategies to prevent toxin production and the use of anti-Shiga toxin antibodies, have also been proposed.
184:
1548:
Berkenpas, E.; Millard, P.; Pereira da Cunha, M. (2005-12-13). "Detection of
Escherichia coli O157:H7 with langasite pure shear horizontal surface acoustic wave sensors".
1485:
In 1982, E. coli O157:H7 was initially identified as the cause of bloody diarrhea from eating undercooked or raw hamburger meat that was contaminated with the bacteria.
1656:
366:
Avoiding the consumption of, or contact with, unpasteurized dairy products, undercooked beef, uncleaned vegetables, and non disinfected water reduces the risk of an
264:
serotype O157:H7 can naturally be found in the intestinal contents of some cattle, goats, and even sheep. The digestive tract of cattle lack the Shiga toxin receptor
1521:
4447:
1769:
159:
In some people, particularly children under five years of age, persons whose immunologies are otherwise compromised, and the elderly, the infection can cause
2020:
1180:
4412:
1799:
1664:
1271:
Walterspiel JN, Ashkenazi S, Morrow AL, Cleary TG (1992). "Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on extracellular Shiga-like toxin I".
4442:
3898:
252:
O157:H7 non-hemorrhagic strains are converted to hemorrhagic strains by lysogenic conversion after bacteriophage infection of non-hemorrhagic cells.
215:
91:
4402:
1156:
1125:
2013:
438:, in which at least 47 people were sickened by eating beef hamburger patties from a fast food chain that were found to be contaminated with it.
3579:
4334:
1774:
430:, but it was not identified as pathogenic then. It was first recognized as a human pathogen following a 1982 hemorrhagic colitis outbreak in
797:"Two toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain 933 encode antigenically distinct toxins with similar biologic activities"
167:
are destroyed and the kidneys fail. About 2–7% of infections lead to this complication. In the United States, HUS is the principal cause of
4587:
4301:
4525:
248:
is encoded on pO157 and may enhance the virulence of the bacterium by providing additional oxidative protection when infecting the host.
1724:
4363:
144:
O157:H7 infection often causes severe, acute hemorrhagic diarrhea (although nonhemorrhagic diarrhea is also possible) and abdominal
4407:
4269:
1697:
4377:
1209:
1133:
447:
241:
1944:
1764:
4368:
4316:
4221:
3193:
1784:
1749:
495:
477:
4749:
4708:
4571:
4382:
4311:
4236:
4055:
2843:
2588:
1954:
1918:
1779:
133:, and most illness has been through distribution of contaminated raw leaf green vegetables, undercooked meat and raw milk.
1468:
4559:
4437:
1870:
1789:
1257:
525:
1210:"Viruses, Bacteria, and Parasites in the Digestive Tract - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center"
3572:
2269:
1878:
991:"Evaluation of animal genetic and physiological factors that affect the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle"
4576:
4535:
4500:
4485:
4467:
4392:
4171:
2397:
2040:
704:"The asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strain 83972 outcompetes uropathogenic E. coli strains in human urine"
342:
O157:H7. Like all cultures, diagnosis is time-consuming with this method; swifter diagnosis is possible using quick
4581:
4417:
4348:
4343:
2833:
1893:
1233:
4520:
4427:
4291:
4206:
3969:
2838:
2379:
1888:
66:
1509:
O157:H7 was first described as a cause of human illness and associated with undercooked ground beef in 1982 (1).
1188:
4549:
4422:
4259:
4226:
2411:
2005:
1717:
895:"KatP, a novel catalase-peroxidase encoded by the large plasmid of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7"
390:
in the US, Great
Britain, and Germany. It is also reportable in most states of Australia including Queensland.
338:
appear red. Sorbitol non-fermenting colonies are tested for the somatic O157 antigen before being confirmed as
3501:
4325:
3715:
3565:
2227:
1794:
1754:
1677:
For more information about reducing your risk of foodborne illness, visit the US Department of
Agriculture's
486:
404:
160:
1098:
4754:
4744:
4688:
4554:
3397:
2721:
2157:
930:
Pruimboom-Brees IM, Morgan TW, Ackermann MR, Nystrom ED, Samuel JE, Cornick NA, Moon HW (September 2000).
598:
Karch H, Tarr PI, Bielaszewska M (October 2005). "Enterohaemorrhagic
Escherichia coli in human medicine".
4608:
4306:
4264:
3618:
3058:
3052:
2668:
1974:
1122:
555:
4603:
3137:
1759:
530:
1651:
4729:
4633:
4353:
2858:
2693:
2662:
2592:
2373:
2115:
1898:
1710:
1050:"Super-shedding and the link between human infection and livestock carriage of Escherichia coli O157"
347:
4734:
4495:
3848:
3691:
3333:
3236:
3115:
2853:
2732:
2521:
2340:
2263:
2255:
1903:
1632:
504:
556:"Microbe Profile: Escherichia coli O157:H7 - notorious relative of the microbiologist's workhorse"
4475:
4387:
3828:
3703:
3537:
3417:
3377:
3319:
3038:
2805:
2241:
2199:
327:
223:
4543:
4463:
4358:
4181:
4060:
3353:
3271:
3230:
3226:
3107:
3101:
2868:
2578:
2513:
2307:
2213:
2185:
2119:
199:
310:
O157:H7 is sufficient to cause infection, compared to over a million CFU for other pathogenic
4565:
4515:
4510:
4254:
4002:
3370:
3359:
3157:
2787:
2613:
2584:
2391:
2151:
2105:
1908:
1504:(Report). The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). July 26, 2002.
512:
265:
1419:
4678:
3992:
3821:
3676:
3531:
3491:
3444:
3326:
2977:
2935:
2915:
2872:
2728:
2527:
2207:
1002:
943:
761:
520:
168:
130:
8:
4638:
4397:
4095:
3509:
3454:
3123:
2999:
2944:
2892:
2811:
2754:
2707:
2642:
2490:
2482:
2476:
2193:
2179:
2048:
1621:
1497:
427:
303:
115:
4694:
1502:
O157:H7 Infections
Associated with Eating Ground Beef --- United States, June--July 2002
1006:
947:
765:
4296:
4249:
4191:
4075:
3747:
3497:
3408:
2909:
2898:
2819:
2763:
2551:
2249:
2235:
2165:
2142:
1626:
1526:
1342:
1315:
1296:
1074:
1049:
1025:
990:
870:
845:
728:
703:
679:
652:
387:
1391:
1366:
821:
796:
4739:
4623:
4432:
4118:
3752:
3737:
3719:
3633:
3482:
3448:
3312:
3244:
3007:
2985:
2954:
2405:
2171:
1994:
1883:
1565:
1443:
1396:
1367:"Antibody therapy in the management of shiga toxin-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome"
1347:
1288:
1079:
1030:
971:
966:
931:
912:
875:
826:
777:
733:
684:
615:
580:
411:(imodium), should also be avoided as they may prolong the duration of the infection.
103:
61:
2926:
2883:
2778:
1300:
795:
Strockbine NA, Marques LR, Newland JW, Smith HW, Holmes RK, O'Brien AD (July 1986).
4274:
4186:
4166:
4014:
3984:
3600:
3473:
3388:
3179:
3026:
3013:
2828:
2445:
2427:
2334:
2293:
2221:
2091:
1734:
1691:
1557:
1435:
1386:
1378:
1337:
1327:
1280:
1069:
1061:
1020:
1010:
961:
951:
902:
865:
857:
816:
808:
769:
723:
715:
674:
664:
607:
570:
268:, and thus, these can be asymptomatic carriers of the bacterium. The prevalence of
86:
1382:
812:
719:
653:"Management strategies in the treatment of neonatal and pediatric gastroenteritis"
4490:
4196:
4158:
4128:
3974:
3907:
3772:
3757:
3681:
3648:
3423:
3344:
3298:
3203:
3143:
3078:
3020:
2989:
2981:
2684:
2654:
2648:
2531:
2360:
2284:
2111:
1637:
1129:
1015:
907:
894:
465:
299:
4698:
2035:
1439:
4613:
3777:
3742:
3638:
3523:
3173:
3167:
3030:
2768:
2299:
2066:
2036:
1959:
1939:
1561:
1365:
Tzipori S, Sheoran A, Akiyoshi D, Donohue-Rolfe A, Trachtman H (October 2004).
936:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
611:
164:
152:
is present, and the illness resolves in 5 to 10 days. It can also sometimes be
1611:
4723:
4618:
4138:
3946:
3807:
3787:
3698:
3663:
3519:
3435:
3262:
3217:
2958:
2950:
2793:
2560:
2471:
2325:
2131:
2097:
2072:
2057:
1989:
1332:
1316:"Paradigms of pathogenesis: targeting the mobile genetic elements of disease"
450:
banned the sale of ground beef contaminated with the O157:H7 strain in 1994.
773:
4668:
4628:
4143:
3964:
3956:
3926:
3797:
3782:
3628:
3515:
3289:
2496:
2436:
2383:
2368:
2313:
1569:
1400:
1351:
1083:
1034:
975:
956:
879:
861:
737:
688:
633:
619:
584:
371:
153:
1447:
1292:
1048:
Chase-Topping M, Gally D, Low C, Matthews L, Woolhouse M (December 2008).
932:"Cattle lack vascular receptors for Escherichia coli O157:H7 Shiga toxins"
916:
830:
781:
4658:
4244:
4201:
4133:
4113:
4090:
4065:
3869:
3864:
3842:
3835:
3792:
3762:
3732:
3588:
3089:
3044:
2995:
2699:
2451:
1830:
1121:
J.D. Greig, E.C.D. Todd, C. Bartleson, and B. Michaels. March 25, 2010. "
575:
351:
111:
1687:
1065:
4459:
4211:
4176:
4105:
3892:
3767:
3727:
3596:
3557:
2463:
1984:
1969:
1934:
1815:
1660:: Protecting yourself and your family from a sometimes deadly bacterium
1284:
669:
408:
400:
323:
1594:
212:
provides a basis for clinical laboratory differentiation of the strain
4505:
4216:
4148:
4123:
4085:
4050:
4042:
4024:
4009:
3997:
3941:
3918:
3886:
3881:
3671:
3277:
3129:
2797:
2738:
2619:
1979:
929:
295:
34:
4480:
4070:
4019:
3875:
3815:
3643:
3613:
2713:
1702:
1364:
846:"A brief overview of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and its plasmid O157"
435:
355:
245:
227:
207:
119:
107:
81:
3936:
3653:
3623:
3304:
3250:
2604:
2569:
273:
238:
203:
149:
99:
1547:
1270:
4080:
4038:
3608:
2082:
1964:
1949:
1840:
1606:
431:
183:
123:
1522:"Ban on E. Coli in Ground Beef Is to Extend to 6 More Strains"
750:
106:, through consumption of contaminated and raw food, including
4034:
3686:
1672:
1047:
794:
145:
48:
4653:
1678:
1652:
Haemolytic
Uraemic Syndrome Help (HUSH) – a UK based charity
426:
O157:H7 was in 1975, in association with a sporadic case of
277:
a feedlot (<10%) but they may account for >90% of all
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1835:
1820:
331:
3931:
1825:
1668:
1416:
1234:"Preventing Foodborne Illness: Escherichia coli O157:H7"
989:
Jeon SJ, Elzo M, DiLorenzo N, Lamb GC, Jeong KC (2013).
702:
Roos V, Ulett GC, Schembri MA, Klemm P (January 2006).
650:
1683:
1682:
701:
988:
634:"Reports of Selected E. coli Outbreak Investigations"
597:
1584:
326:
can detect the bacterium. The sample is cultured on
4413:
2024 United
Kingdom Shigatoxigenic E. coli outbreak
923:
892:
744:
651:Ciccarelli S, Stolfi I, Caramia G (October 2013).
788:
206:. Unlike many other strains, it does not ferment
171:in children, and most cases of HUS are caused by
4721:
3481:
1320:Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
893:Brunder W, Schmidt H, Karch H (November 1996).
1475:. Johns Hopkins University. September 26, 2020
1434:(12). Massachusetts Medical Society: 681–685.
886:
3573:
2021:
1718:
1671:, a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by
1412:
1410:
600:International Journal of Medical Microbiology
4588:Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition
4403:2017–2018 South African listeriosis outbreak
4302:1985 Austrian diethylene glycol wine scandal
1420:"Hemorrhagic Colitis Associated with a Rare
982:
843:
553:
4526:United Kingdom food information regulations
3580:
3566:
2028:
2014:
1725:
1711:
1407:
294:naturally entering the soil. It is highly
33:
4364:2008 United States salmonellosis outbreak
1390:
1341:
1331:
1073:
1024:
1014:
965:
955:
906:
869:
850:Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
844:Lim JY, Yoon J, Hovde CJ (January 2010).
820:
727:
678:
668:
591:
574:
547:
302:: an inoculation of fewer than 10 to 100
56:producing) grown on agar for 48 h at 28°C
16:Serotype of the bacteria Escherichia coli
4408:2018 Australian strawberry contamination
4270:Morinaga Milk arsenic poisoning incident
3587:
220:that express Shiga and Shiga-like toxins
182:
4378:2011 United States listeriosis outbreak
1775:2006 North American (multiple; O157:H7)
1099:"Why deadly E. coli loves leafy greens"
448:United States Department of Agriculture
4722:
4393:2015 Mozambique funeral beer poisoning
3970:Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
1770:2006 North American (spinach; O157:H7)
1698:CBS5 report on September 2006 outbreak
837:
453:
358:detection are also under development.
3561:
3194:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
2009:
1706:
1137:2010 Food Safety Education Conference
554:Gally DL, Stevens MP (January 2017).
350:techniques. Newer technologies using
260:While it is relatively uncommon, the
136:
4684:
4572:Institute for Food Safety and Health
4312:Australian meat substitution scandal
4280:Moroccan oil poisoning disaster 1959
4056:Arsenic contamination of groundwater
2579:Neisseria meningitidis/meningococcus
1732:
1313:
42:Topographical images of colonies of
4704:
4560:Food Information and Control Agency
1667:genomes and related information at
1428:The New England Journal of Medicine
1150:"MACCONKEY SORBITOL AGAR (CT-SMAC)"
1123:Infective Doses and Pathen Carriage
526:List of foodborne illness outbreaks
13:
2041:Gram-negative bacterial infections
1679:Food Safety and Inspection Service
1096:
422:The first recorded observation of
386:O157:H7 infection is a nationally
255:
14:
4766:
4577:International Food Safety Network
4501:International Food Safety Network
4222:Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
4172:Acid-hydrolyzed vegetable protein
3899:Shigatoxigenic and verotoxigenic
2398:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
1580:
1185:DNA extraction filter paper card"
4703:
4693:
4683:
4674:
4673:
4662:
4652:
4582:Ministry of Food and Drug Safety
4418:Kobayashi red yeast rice scandal
4349:2008 Canada listeriosis outbreak
4344:ICA meat repackaging controversy
2614:Neisseria gonorrhoeae/gonococcus
2589:Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome
1377:(4): 926–41, table of contents.
441:
92:Shiga-like toxin–producing types
52:non-producing) and (B) 43895OR (
4521:Quality Assurance International
4428:Food safety incidents in Taiwan
4398:2017 Brazil Operation Weak Meat
4292:1971 Iraq poison grain disaster
4207:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
2380:Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
1800:2024 United Kingdom (STEC O145)
1541:
1514:
1490:
1461:
1358:
1307:
1264:
1250:
1226:
1202:
1173:
1142:
1115:
1090:
1041:
378:
284:
178:
4550:European Food Safety Authority
4423:Food safety incidents in China
4260:1858 Bradford sweets poisoning
4227:Water fluoridation controversy
2412:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
1945:Long-term evolution experiment
1694:on a UK outbreak, May 17, 1998
901:. 142 ( Pt 11) (11): 3305–15.
695:
644:
626:
211:
194:Like the other strains of the
114:. Infection with this type of
1:
2228:Flinders Island spotted fever
1550:Biosensors and Bioelectronics
1383:10.1128/CMR.17.4.926-941.2004
1371:Clinical Microbiology Reviews
813:10.1128/IAI.53.1.135-140.1986
720:10.1128/IAI.74.1.615-624.2006
657:Infection and Drug Resistance
540:
361:
46:O157:H7 strains (A) 43895OW (
4555:Food and Drug Administration
4237:Food contamination incidents
3398:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
2722:Burkholderia cepacia complex
2158:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
1054:Nature Reviews. Microbiology
1016:10.1371/journal.pone.0055728
908:10.1099/13500872-142-11-3305
393:
317:
7:
4750:Infraspecific bacteria taxa
4609:Food and drink prohibitions
4383:Bihar school meal poisoning
4307:United Kingdom BSE outbreak
4265:1900 English beer poisoning
3619:Antibiotic use in livestock
3059:Far East scarlet-like fever
3053:Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
2669:Chromobacteriosis infection
1440:10.1056/NEJM198303243081203
471:
346:DNA extraction method plus
10:
4771:
4604:Curing (food preservation)
3677:Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
1562:10.1016/j.bios.2005.11.005
1469:"Escherichia coli O157:H7"
612:10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.06.009
468:, and long-term followup.
417:
272:O157:H7 in North American
4647:
4634:Genetically modified food
4596:
4534:
4486:Food labeling regulations
4458:
4354:2008 Chinese milk scandal
4235:
4157:
4104:
4033:
3983:
3955:
3917:
3806:
3714:
3662:
3595:
3472:
3434:
3407:
3387:
3343:
3288:
3261:
3216:
3190:
3154:
3086:
3077:
2969:
2934:
2925:
2882:
2859:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
2777:
2762:
2753:
2694:Burkholderia pseudomallei
2683:
2663:Chromobacterium violaceum
2630:
2603:
2593:Meningococcal septicaemia
2568:
2559:
2550:
2462:
2435:
2426:
2374:Anaplasma phagocytophilum
2359:
2324:
2283:
2141:
2130:
2081:
2065:
2056:
2047:
1927:
1869:
1808:
1742:
1588:
1314:Keen EC (December 2012).
405:hemolytic–uremic syndrome
348:polymerase chain reaction
233:All clinical isolates of
224:infection with a prophage
161:hemolytic–uremic syndrome
84:of the bacterial species
60:
41:
32:
24:
4496:Food safety in Australia
3692:High-fructose corn syrup
3334:Plesiomonas shigelloides
3116:Brazilian purpuric fever
2733:Bordetella parapertussis
2522:Bartonella bacilliformis
2341:Flea-borne spotted fever
2271:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
2264:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
2256:American tick bite fever
1665:Escherichia coli O157:H7
1333:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00161
458:
222:gained that ability via
129:Transmission is via the
118:may lead to hemorrhagic
4476:Acceptable daily intake
4388:2013 horse meat scandal
3829:Clostridium perfringens
3502:Guillain–Barré syndrome
3418:Cardiobacterium hominis
3378:Acinetobacter baumannii
3320:Vibrio parahaemolyticus
3039:Yersinia enterocolitica
2806:Klebsiella granulomatis
2242:African tick bite fever
2200:North Asian tick typhus
1765:2005 South Wales (O157)
1498:Multistate Outbreak of
774:10.1126/science.6387911
148:. Usually little or no
4544:Centre for Food Safety
4359:2008 Irish pork crisis
4061:Benzene in soft drinks
3354:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3272:Francisella tularensis
3231:Legionella longbeachae
3227:Legionella pneumophila
2869:Enterobacter aerogenes
2514:Bacillary angiomatosis
2308:Orientia tsutsugamushi
2214:Queensland tick typhus
2186:Japanese spotted fever
2120:Flying squirrel typhus
1785:2011 Germany (O104:H4)
1473:Johns Hopkins Medicine
1214:www.urmc.rochester.edu
957:10.1073/pnas.190329997
862:10.4014/jmb.0908.08007
801:Infection and Immunity
708:Infection and Immunity
191:
4566:Food Standards Agency
4516:Organic certification
4511:Nutrition facts label
4255:Esing Bakery incident
4043:environment pollution
3371:Moraxella catarrhalis
3237:Legionnaires' disease
3158:Pasteurella multocida
2788:Klebsiella pneumoniae
2585:Meningococcal disease
2392:Ehrlichia chaffeensis
2152:Rickettsia rickettsii
2116:Brill–Zinsser disease
2106:Rickettsia prowazekii
478:1993 Jack in the Box
266:globotriaosylceramide
186:
4335:2006 North American
3993:Acesulfame potassium
3822:Campylobacter jejuni
3716:Intestinal parasites
3589:Consumer food safety
3532:Helicobacter cinaedi
3492:Campylobacter jejuni
3445:Aeromonas hydrophila
3327:Vibrio alginolyticus
2978:Shigella dysenteriae
2916:Citrobacter freundii
2873:Enterobacter cloacae
2729:Bordetella pertussis
2208:Rickettsia australis
1750:1993 Jack in the Box
1530:. September 12, 2011
576:10.1099/mic.0.000387
521:Food-induced purpura
304:colony-forming units
237:O157:H7 possess the
169:acute kidney failure
163:(HUS), in which the
4755:Pathogenic bacteria
4745:Foodborne illnesses
4639:Conspiracy theories
4192:Heterocyclic amines
4096:Shellfish poisoning
3510:Helicobacter pylori
3000:Bacillary dysentery
2945:Salmonella enterica
2893:Serratia marcescens
2812:Granuloma inguinale
2708:Burkholderia mallei
2643:Eikenella corrodens
2491:Bartonella quintana
2483:Cat-scratch disease
2477:Bartonella henselae
2194:Rickettsia sibirica
2180:Rickettsia japonica
1919:Verotoxin-producing
1780:2009 United Kingdom
1066:10.1038/nrmicro2029
1007:2013PLoSO...855728J
948:2000PNAS...9710325P
766:1984Sci...226..694O
454:Culture and society
428:hemorrhagic colitis
244:. The periplasmic
116:pathogenic bacteria
98:. It is a cause of
4297:Toxic oil syndrome
4250:Swill milk scandal
4076:Diethylstilbestrol
3748:Diphyllobothriasis
3498:Campylobacteriosis
3409:Cardiobacteriaceae
2910:Citrobacter koseri
2820:Klebsiella oxytoca
2250:Rickettsia parkeri
2236:Rickettsia africae
2166:Rickettsia conorii
1879:Enteroaggregative
1790:2015 United States
1527:The New York Times
1285:10.1007/BF01704889
1128:2010-10-16 at the
670:10.2147/IDR.S12718
388:reportable disease
370:infection. Proper
328:sorbitol-MacConkey
281:O157:H7 excreted.
192:
137:Signs and symptoms
90:and is one of the
67:Infectious disease
4717:
4716:
4624:Food preservation
4433:Foodborne illness
3985:Sugar substitutes
3738:Cryptosporidiosis
3720:parasitic disease
3634:HGH controversies
3601:food contaminants
3555:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3483:Campylobacterales
3468:
3467:
3449:Aeromonas veronii
3313:Vibrio vulnificus
3245:Coxiella burnetii
3212:
3211:
3138:H. parainfluenzae
3073:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3008:Proteus mirabilis
2955:Paratyphoid fever
2844:Enterohemorrhagic
2764:Enterobacteriales
2749:
2748:
2679:
2678:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2528:Carrion's disease
2422:
2421:
2406:Ehrlichia ewingii
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2172:Boutonneuse fever
2003:
2002:
1995:Theodor Escherich
1955:Molecular biology
1884:Enterohemorrhagic
1647:
1646:
1556:(12): 2255–2262.
104:foodborne illness
72:
71:
19:Medical condition
4762:
4730:Escherichia coli
4707:
4706:
4697:
4687:
4686:
4677:
4676:
4669:Drink portal
4667:
4666:
4665:
4657:
4656:
4568:(United Kingdom)
4317:Jack in the Box
4288:
4275:Minamata disease
4187:Food irradiation
4167:4-Hydroxynonenal
4015:Sodium cyclamate
3858:Escherichia coli
3850:Escherichia coli
3582:
3575:
3568:
3559:
3558:
3479:
3478:
3389:Xanthomonadaceae
3197:
3180:Actinobacillosis
3161:
3094:
3084:
3083:
3014:Proteus vulgaris
2932:
2931:
2829:Escherichia coli
2775:
2774:
2760:
2759:
2635:
2566:
2565:
2557:
2556:
2446:Brucella abortus
2433:
2432:
2428:Hyphomicrobiales
2335:Rickettsia felis
2294:Rickettsia akari
2222:Rickettsia honei
2139:
2138:
2092:Rickettsia typhi
2079:
2078:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2053:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2007:
2006:
1735:Escherichia coli
1727:
1720:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1692:The Sunday Times
1586:
1585:
1574:
1573:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1500:Escherichia coli
1494:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1422:Escherichia coli
1414:
1405:
1404:
1394:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1345:
1335:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1187:. Archived from
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1155:. Archived from
1154:
1146:
1140:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1077:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1028:
1018:
986:
980:
979:
969:
959:
942:(19): 10325–29.
927:
921:
920:
910:
890:
884:
883:
873:
841:
835:
834:
824:
792:
786:
785:
760:(4675): 694–96.
748:
742:
741:
731:
699:
693:
692:
682:
672:
648:
642:
641:
630:
624:
623:
595:
589:
588:
578:
560:
551:
514:Escherichia coli
506:Escherichia coli
500:O104:H4 outbreak
403:may precipitate
204:oxidase-negative
131:fecal–oral route
110:and undercooked
87:Escherichia coli
76:Escherichia coli
37:
26:Escherichia coli
22:
21:
4770:
4769:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4735:Bovine diseases
4720:
4719:
4718:
4713:
4663:
4661:
4659:Food portal
4651:
4643:
4592:
4530:
4491:Food libel laws
4454:
4282:
4231:
4197:Modified starch
4159:Food processing
4153:
4100:
4029:
3979:
3975:Sodium benzoate
3951:
3913:
3908:Vibrio cholerae
3802:
3773:Gnathostomiasis
3758:Fasciolopsiasis
3710:
3658:
3649:Mercury in fish
3591:
3586:
3556:
3547:
3464:
3430:
3403:
3383:
3345:Pseudomonadales
3339:
3299:Vibrio cholerae
3284:
3257:
3208:
3191:
3186:
3155:
3150:
3087:
3065:
3021:Yersinia pestis
2965:
2921:
2878:
2834:Enterotoxigenic
2766:
2745:
2685:Burkholderiales
2675:
2649:Kingella kingae
2631:
2626:
2599:
2538:
2532:Verruga peruana
2458:
2418:
2361:Anaplasmataceae
2347:
2320:
2279:
2133:
2126:
2112:Epidemic typhus
2070:
2043:
2034:
2004:
1999:
1923:
1894:Enterotoxigenic
1865:
1804:
1738:
1731:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1597:
1583:
1578:
1577:
1546:
1542:
1533:
1531:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1478:
1476:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1415:
1408:
1363:
1359:
1312:
1308:
1269:
1265:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1242:
1240:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1218:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1194:
1192:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1130:Wayback Machine
1120:
1116:
1107:
1105:
1097:Scutti, Susan.
1095:
1091:
1046:
1042:
987:
983:
928:
924:
891:
887:
842:
838:
793:
789:
749:
745:
700:
696:
649:
645:
632:
631:
627:
606:(6–7): 405–18.
596:
592:
558:
552:
548:
543:
474:
461:
456:
444:
420:
396:
381:
364:
320:
300:infectious dose
289:Infection with
287:
258:
256:Natural habitat
181:
165:red blood cells
139:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4768:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4701:
4691:
4681:
4671:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4614:Food marketing
4611:
4606:
4600:
4598:
4597:Related topics
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4585:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4540:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4470:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4332:
4323:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4182:Food additives
4179:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4110:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4047:
4045:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3995:
3989:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3904:
3896:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3854:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3808:Microorganisms
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3778:Paragonimiasis
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3743:Cyclosporiasis
3740:
3735:
3730:
3724:
3722:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3664:Food additives
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3639:Lead poisoning
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3584:
3577:
3570:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3524:Gastric cancer
3506:
3505:
3504:
3487:
3485:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3440:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3413:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3393:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3349:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3294:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3267:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3222:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3174:Actinobacillus
3170:
3168:Pasteurellosis
3164:
3162:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3097:
3095:
3081:
3079:Pasteurellales
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3061:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3031:Bubonic plague
3017:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2940:
2938:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2888:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2839:Enteroinvasive
2836:
2824:
2823:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2783:
2781:
2772:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2725:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2689:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2638:
2636:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2574:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2468:
2466:
2464:Bartonellaceae
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2441:
2439:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2365:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2330:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2300:Rickettsialpox
2289:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2087:
2085:
2076:
2067:Rickettsiaceae
2060:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2037:Pseudomonadota
2033:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1960:Hok/sok system
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1940:Coliform index
1937:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1889:Enteroinvasive
1886:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1760:2000 Walkerton
1757:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1690:, report from
1685:
1675:
1662:
1654:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1629:
1614:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:Classification
1582:
1581:External links
1579:
1576:
1575:
1540:
1513:
1489:
1460:
1406:
1357:
1306:
1263:
1249:
1238:wonder.cdc.gov
1225:
1201:
1172:
1141:
1132:", pp. 19–20,
1114:
1089:
1060:(12): 904–12.
1040:
981:
922:
885:
836:
787:
743:
694:
643:
625:
590:
545:
544:
542:
539:
538:
537:
528:
523:
518:
510:
502:
493:
484:
473:
470:
460:
457:
455:
452:
443:
440:
419:
416:
395:
392:
380:
377:
363:
360:
319:
316:
286:
283:
257:
254:
180:
177:
138:
135:
70:
69:
64:
58:
57:
39:
38:
30:
29:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4767:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4710:
4702:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4690:
4682:
4680:
4672:
4670:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4619:Food politics
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4589:
4586:
4584:(South Korea)
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4533:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4449:
4448:United States
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4369:2011 Germany
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4326:1996 Odwalla
4324:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3957:Preservatives
3954:
3948:
3947:Methamidophos
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:Toxoplasmosis
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3699:Vegetable oil
3697:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3583:
3578:
3576:
3571:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3520:MALT lymphoma
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3436:Aeromonadales
3433:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3263:Thiotrichales
3260:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3218:Legionellales
3215:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3189:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3153:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3102:H. influenzae
3099:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2960:
2959:Salmonellosis
2956:
2952:
2951:Typhoid fever
2949:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2794:Rhinoscleroma
2792:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2629:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2472:Bartonellosis
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2129:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2098:Murine typhus
2096:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2073:Rickettsioses
2068:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:Rickettsiales
2055:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2008:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:T4 rII system
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1728:
1723:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1688:briandeer.com
1686:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1544:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1493:
1486:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1259:
1253:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1191:on 2014-07-17
1190:
1186:
1184:
1176:
1162:on 2011-07-16
1158:
1151:
1145:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:(2): e55728.
1000:
996:
992:
985:
977:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
926:
918:
914:
909:
904:
900:
896:
889:
881:
877:
872:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
840:
832:
828:
823:
818:
814:
810:
807:(1): 135–40.
806:
802:
798:
791:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
747:
739:
735:
730:
725:
721:
717:
714:(1): 615–24.
713:
709:
705:
698:
690:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
662:
658:
654:
647:
640:. 2019-11-22.
639:
635:
629:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
594:
586:
582:
577:
572:
568:
564:
557:
550:
546:
536:
534:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
515:
511:
509:
507:
503:
501:
499:
496:2011 Germany
494:
492:
490:
487:1996 Odwalla
485:
483:
481:
476:
475:
469:
467:
451:
449:
442:United States
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
415:
412:
410:
406:
402:
391:
389:
385:
376:
373:
369:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:stool culture
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
298:, with a low
297:
292:
282:
280:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
251:
247:
243:
240:
236:
231:
229:
225:
221:
219:
213:
209:
205:
201:
200:gram-negative
198:, O157:H7 is
197:
189:
185:
176:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
134:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
77:
68:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
50:
45:
40:
36:
31:
27:
23:
4629:Food quality
4536:Institutions
4370:
4336:
4327:
4318:
4202:Nitrosamines
3965:Benzoic acid
3927:Chlorpyrifos
3906:
3900:
3891:
3874:
3857:
3856:
3849:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3798:Trichuriasis
3783:Toxocariasis
3753:Enterobiasis
3629:Formaldehyde
3539:Helicobacter
3538:
3530:
3516:Peptic ulcer
3508:
3490:
3455:
3443:
3416:
3396:
3376:
3369:
3360:
3352:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3297:
3290:Vibrionaceae
3270:
3243:
3225:
3192:
3172:
3156:
3136:
3122:
3108:
3100:
3088:
3051:
3037:
3019:
3012:
3006:
2976:
2943:
2914:
2908:
2899:
2891:
2867:
2848:
2827:
2818:
2804:
2786:
2727:
2720:
2706:
2692:
2661:
2647:
2641:
2632:
2612:
2577:
2561:Neisseriales
2520:
2508:
2504:
2497:Trench fever
2489:
2475:
2444:
2437:Brucellaceae
2404:
2390:
2384:Anaplasmosis
2372:
2369:Ehrlichiosis
2333:
2314:Scrub typhus
2306:
2292:
2270:
2262:
2248:
2234:
2220:
2206:
2192:
2178:
2164:
2150:
2104:
2090:
2039:-associated
1913:
1795:2023 Calgary
1755:1996 Odwalla
1733:
1657:
1631:
1616:
1601:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1532:. Retrieved
1525:
1516:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1492:
1484:
1477:. Retrieved
1472:
1463:
1451:. Retrieved
1431:
1427:
1421:
1374:
1370:
1360:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1279:(1): 25–29.
1276:
1272:
1266:
1252:
1241:. Retrieved
1237:
1228:
1217:. Retrieved
1213:
1204:
1193:. Retrieved
1189:the original
1182:
1175:
1164:. Retrieved
1157:the original
1144:
1136:
1117:
1106:. Retrieved
1102:
1092:
1057:
1053:
1043:
998:
994:
984:
939:
935:
925:
899:Microbiology
898:
888:
853:
849:
839:
804:
800:
790:
757:
753:
746:
711:
707:
697:
660:
656:
646:
637:
628:
603:
599:
593:
566:
563:Microbiology
562:
549:
532:
513:
505:
497:
488:
479:
462:
445:
423:
421:
413:
397:
383:
382:
379:Surveillance
372:hand washing
367:
365:
343:
339:
335:
321:
311:
307:
290:
288:
285:Transmission
278:
269:
261:
259:
249:
234:
232:
217:
195:
193:
187:
179:Bacteriology
172:
158:
154:asymptomatic
141:
140:
128:
102:, typically
95:
85:
75:
74:
73:
53:
47:
43:
25:
4709:WikiProject
4546:(Hong Kong)
4283: [
4245:Devon colic
4119:Breast milk
4091:Nonylphenol
4066:Bisphenol A
4003:controversy
3870:Hepatitis E
3865:Hepatitis A
3843:Enterovirus
3836:Cronobacter
3793:Trichinosis
3763:Fasciolosis
3733:Anisakiasis
3704:controversy
3597:Adulterants
3361:Pseudomonas
3109:Haemophilus
3090:Haemophilus
3045:Yersiniosis
2996:Shigellosis
2700:Melioidosis
2509:B. quintana
2505:B. henselae
2452:Brucellosis
1831:FNR regulon
1681:website or
856:(1): 5–14.
401:antibiotics
352:fluorescent
216:Strains of
112:ground beef
4724:Categories
4460:Regulation
4443:death toll
4212:Shortening
4177:Acrylamide
4106:Food fraud
4086:Mycotoxins
3919:Pesticides
3893:Salmonella
3768:Giardiasis
3728:Amoebiasis
3672:Flavorings
3541:cellulitis
3124:H. ducreyi
3111:meningitis
2633:ungrouped:
2326:Flea-borne
2285:Mite-borne
2143:Tick-borne
1985:Rho factor
1975:Pathogenic
1970:Min System
1935:Aerobactin
1816:CPS operon
1534:2011-10-08
1243:2023-11-28
1219:2020-01-17
1195:2014-07-11
1166:2010-12-11
1108:2018-09-20
663:: 133–61.
569:(1): 1–3.
541:References
531:Walkerton
409:loperamide
362:Prevention
4506:ISO 22000
4468:watchdogs
4464:standards
4438:outbreaks
4339:outbreaks
4217:Trans fat
4129:Olive oil
4051:Aflatoxin
4025:Sucralose
4010:Saccharin
3998:Aspartame
3942:Malathion
3887:Rotavirus
3882:Norovirus
3458:infection
3456:Aeromonas
3363:infection
3278:Tularemia
3130:Chancroid
2902:infection
2884:Slow/weak
2798:Pneumonia
2739:Pertussis
2620:Gonorrhea
2273:infection
1980:EnvZ/OmpR
1743:Outbreaks
1479:March 15,
1453:March 15,
1424:Serotype"
1273:Infection
1258:"Journal"
394:Treatment
318:Diagnosis
314:strains.
306:(CFU) of
175:O157:H7.
122:, and to
62:Specialty
4740:Zoonoses
4699:Cookbook
4679:Category
4481:E number
4373:outbreak
4330:outbreak
4321:outbreak
4071:Dieldrin
4020:Sorbitol
3876:Listeria
3816:Botulism
3644:Melamine
3614:Aldicarb
2986:flexneri
2900:Serratia
2714:Glanders
1899:O104:H21
1570:16356708
1401:15489355
1352:23248780
1301:39513818
1126:Archived
1084:19008890
1035:23405204
995:PLOS ONE
976:10973498
880:20134227
738:16369018
689:24194646
620:16238016
585:28218576
535:outbreak
491:outbreak
482:outbreak
472:See also
466:dialysis
436:Michigan
356:antibody
296:virulent
246:catalase
228:prophage
210:, which
208:sorbitol
120:diarrhea
108:raw milk
82:serotype
4689:Commons
4562:(Spain)
4371:E. coli
4337:E. coli
4328:E. coli
4319:E. coli
4139:Seafood
4039:poisons
3937:Lindane
3901:E. coli
3860:O157:H7
3852:O104:H4
3654:Sudan I
3624:Cyanide
3305:Cholera
3251:Q fever
2854:O104:H4
2849:O157:H7
2503:Either
2132:Spotted
1928:Related
1914:O157:H7
1904:O104:H4
1871:Strains
1658:E. coli
1638:D019453
1507:E. coli
1448:6338386
1343:3522046
1326:: 161.
1293:1563808
1183:E. coli
1181:"Quick
1075:5844465
1026:3566006
1003:Bibcode
944:Bibcode
917:8969527
871:3645889
831:3522426
782:6387911
762:Bibcode
754:Science
729:1346649
680:3815002
638:CDC.gov
533:E. coli
508:O104:H4
498:E. coli
489:E. coli
480:E. coli
424:E. coli
418:History
384:E. coli
368:E. coli
344:E. coli
340:E. coli
336:E. coli
330:(SMAC)
312:E. coli
308:E. coli
291:E. coli
279:E. coli
274:feedlot
270:E. coli
262:E. coli
250:E. coli
239:plasmid
235:E. coli
218:E. coli
196:E. coli
190:O157:H7
188:E. coli
173:E. coli
142:E. coli
100:disease
96:E. coli
78:O157:H7
44:E. coli
28:O157:H7
4144:Shrimp
4081:Dioxin
4035:Toxins
3609:3-MCPD
3027:Plague
2990:boydii
2982:sonnei
2083:Typhus
1965:LacUV5
1950:EcoCyc
1841:RecBCD
1669:PATRIC
1627:008.04
1568:
1446:
1399:
1392:523565
1389:
1350:
1340:
1299:
1291:
1082:
1072:
1033:
1023:
974:
964:
915:
878:
868:
829:
822:260087
819:
780:
736:
726:
687:
677:
618:
583:
432:Oregon
146:cramps
124:kidney
4287:]
4134:Prawn
4114:Bread
3687:Sugar
3424:HACEK
3204:HACEK
3144:HACEK
2655:HACEK
2134:fever
1809:Genes
1673:NIAID
1612:A04.3
1297:S2CID
1160:(PDF)
1153:(PDF)
967:27023
559:(PDF)
459:Costs
242:pO157
150:fever
80:is a
54:curli
49:curli
3682:Salt
2970:H2S−
2936:H2S+
2927:Lac−
2779:Lac+
1909:O121
1861:RpoS
1856:RpoN
1851:RpoF
1846:RpoE
1836:OmpT
1821:DnaG
1633:MeSH
1622:9-CM
1566:PMID
1481:2024
1455:2024
1444:PMID
1397:PMID
1348:PMID
1289:PMID
1134:USDA
1080:PMID
1031:PMID
972:PMID
913:PMID
876:PMID
827:PMID
778:PMID
734:PMID
685:PMID
616:PMID
581:PMID
516:O121
446:The
434:and
354:and
332:agar
202:and
4149:Tea
4124:Egg
3932:DDT
2769:OX−
2507:or
1826:Fis
1618:ICD
1603:ICD
1558:doi
1436:doi
1432:308
1387:PMC
1379:doi
1338:PMC
1328:doi
1281:doi
1103:CNN
1070:PMC
1062:doi
1021:PMC
1011:doi
962:PMC
952:doi
903:doi
866:PMC
858:doi
817:PMC
809:doi
770:doi
758:226
724:PMC
716:doi
675:PMC
665:doi
608:doi
604:295
571:doi
567:163
94:of
4726::
4466:,
4462:,
4285:ar
4041:,
4037:,
3718:,
3599:,
3522:,
3518:,
3500:,
2998:,
2957:,
2953:,
2832::
2796:,
2605:M−
2591:,
2587:,
2570:M+
2530:,
2474::
2382:,
2371::
2118:,
2114:,
1636::
1625::
1610::
1607:10
1564:.
1554:21
1552:.
1524:.
1483:.
1471:.
1442:.
1430:.
1426:.
1409:^
1395:.
1385:.
1375:17
1373:.
1369:.
1346:.
1336:.
1322:.
1318:.
1295:.
1287:.
1277:20
1275:.
1236:.
1212:.
1101:.
1078:.
1068:.
1056:.
1052:.
1029:.
1019:.
1009:.
997:.
993:.
970:.
960:.
950:.
940:97
938:.
934:.
911:.
897:.
874:.
864:.
854:20
852:.
848:.
825:.
815:.
805:53
803:.
799:.
776:.
768:.
756:.
732:.
722:.
712:74
710:.
706:.
683:.
673:.
659:.
655:.
636:.
614:.
602:.
579:.
565:.
561:.
322:A
214:.
156:.
3581:e
3574:t
3567:v
3474:ε
3447:/
3229:/
3092::
3029:/
3011:/
2988:/
2984:/
2980:/
2913:/
2871:/
2771:)
2767:(
2755:γ
2731:/
2646:/
2552:β
2075:)
2071:(
2069:/
2049:α
2029:e
2022:t
2015:v
1726:e
1719:t
1712:v
1620:-
1605:-
1595:D
1572:.
1560::
1537:.
1457:.
1438::
1403:.
1381::
1354:.
1330::
1324:2
1303:.
1283::
1260:.
1246:.
1222:.
1198:.
1169:.
1139:.
1111:.
1086:.
1064::
1058:6
1037:.
1013::
1005::
999:8
978:.
954::
946::
919:.
905::
882:.
860::
833:.
811::
784:.
772::
764::
740:.
718::
691:.
667::
661:6
622:.
610::
587:.
573::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
