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274:. Arguably the most influential African artist of the 20th century, his pioneering career opened the way for the postcolonial proliferation and increased visibility of modern African art. He was one of the first African artists to win critical acclaim, having exhibited in august exhibition spaces in Europe and the United States and listed in international directories of contemporary art. Since 1950, Enwonwu was celebrated as "Africa's Greatest Artist" by the international media and his fame was used to enlist support for Black Nationalists movement all over the world. The
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348:. Murray was an education officer in charge of art education in the colonial civil service and later director of antiquities. During their time together, Enwonwu became Murray's assistant and was recognised as one of the most gifted and technically proficient students of the "Murray Group" (Ben C. Enwonwu, C. C. Ibeto, D.L. Nnachy, M. Teze and A. P. Umana). The period of study under Murray marked the beginning of Enwonwu's formal education in art.
38:
363:, University College, London, and in 1945, the Ruskin School, Ashmolean, Oxford University, where the Slade had been relocated during World War II. In 1947, he received a first-class diploma in fine art from the Slade and registered for postgraduate work in anthropology (with a focus on West African ethnography) at the University of London. In 1948, Enwonwu completed his studies.
408:, Murray was displeased with the university's choice to provide Enwonwu with the same salary as the other seasoned teachers. This created a rift between both men. Eventually Murray left Government College and Enwonwu replaced him as art teacher. He continued his work as an art teacher in other various schools, including mission school in
553:
Ogbechie describes his art as " third space in art history whose nature and parameters are at variance with art history's exclusionary narratives of modernity and its inscription of the modern artist-subject as a white, Western
European male". Recognition of his bronze sculpture of the Queen proved
331:
Between 1921 and 1931, Enwonwu attended five primary schools: St. Joseph's
Elementary School, Onitsha (1926–28); St, Theresa's Elementary School, Umuahia (1928–29); St. Mary's Primary School, Port Harcourt (1929–30); Holy Trinity Primary; and St. Mary's Primary School, both in Onitsha (1930–31). In
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states that the racist atmosphere he encountered during his stay in
England sparked his interest in entering this programme. Anthropology offered a space for the scientific study of the races, their physical and mental characteristics, customs, and social relationships. In 1937, Murray exhibited
387:
151:
562:, a series of three portraits of the Ife princess Adetutu Ademiluyi ('Tutu'), were painted by Enwonwu in 1973 and have been missing since 1975. One of the three paintings was rediscovered in 2017 in a London flat. It was sold for £1,205,000 in an auction held by
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that he, as an
African modern artist, used his practice to develop a new kind of modern art whose ideals of representation and notions of artistic identity were different from conventional art-historical narrative of European modernist practice.
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Upon his father's death in 1921, Enwonwu inherited his tools, going on to perfect the art of carving in the style of indigenous Igbo sculpture, begun earlier with his father, who first nurtured his precocious talent.
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566:. The portrait of Tutu, one of the three made by the painter, is a Nigerian national icon and considered a reconciliation symbol between the government and Biafran separatists after the
583:, broadcast on 7 August 2019. The painting's owner had known Enwonwu, and described him as a lovely man always with a flower in his lapel and some of his work can be found in the
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of repute, who created staffs of office, stools, decorative doors and religious images. His mother, Chinyelugo Iyom Nweze, was a successful cloth merchant.
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After working with Murray for many years, Enwonwu was hired as a teacher at the
Government College of Umuahia. According to Sylvester Ogbechie, author of
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Scholarship; Nigerian
National Merit Award; Commonwealth Certificate in London; Bennett Prize; Officer of the National Order of the Republic in Senegal;
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918:. NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington. 3 February 2009. Archived from
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490:(1966–68), cultural advisor to the Nigeria government (1968–71), and visiting artist at the Institute of African Studies at
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1254:"Nigerian artist Ben Enwonwu's greatest work is much loved by the art market—but it should mean more to art history too"
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In 1959, Enwonwu was appointed
Supervisor in the Information Service Department office in Nigeria. He was a fellow of
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as members. and became their official art illustrator. From 1949 to 1954, Enwonwu held many art exhibitions within
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779:(1986): was displayed University of Ibadan but was torched as a result of a political-religious tensions
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Enwonwu's work at the
Zwemmer Gallery in London In 1969, he received an honorary doctorate degree from
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A painting by
Enwonwu, titled "Owo Market" and showing a marketplace scene in the Nigerian city of
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1104:"Adebisi's Odyssey; THE BRAVE AFRICAN HUNTRESS. By Amos Tutuola. Illustrated by Ben Enwonwu"
833:– Commonwealth Certificate in London: for contributions to art by the Royal Institute of Art
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Ben
Enwonwu was born a twin on 14 July 1917 into the noble family of Umueze-Aroli in
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1153:"Decades after it went missing, Nigerian masterpiece is found in London apartment"
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1179:"The long lost painting known as Africa's Mona Lisa has sold for a record price"
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Enwonwu executed portraits of Nigerians as private commissions and illustrated
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Fellows of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
1316:"Benedict Chukwukadibia Enwonwu M.B.E (Nigerian, 1917-1994) Anyanwu (1956)"
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916:"Enwonwu: A Young Crater on Mercury Named for an African Modernist Artist"
315:. He was also a member of the Onitsha Council of Chiefs and a traditional
1062:, P.2. Accessed from (NewsBank/Readex, Database: World Newspaper Archive.
855:– National Order of Merit in Nigeria: for contributions to art in Nigeria
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308:
1080:
978:
Estrada, Andrea. "Art Historian Publishes Monograph on Ben Enwonwu".
530:, on the occasion of his state visit to the United Kingdom in 1981.
498:, in 1971. He was appointed the first professor of Fine Arts at the
420:(1941–43). He was art adviser to the Nigerian government from 1948.
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1125:"Tutu's return: missing Nigerian masterpiece found in London flat"
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commissioned and sat for a portrait sculpture by Enwonwu. At the
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1368:"Ben Enwonwu: The Nigerian painter behind 'Africa's Mona Lisa'"
1346:"Ben Enwonwu: The Nigerian painter behind 'Africa's Mona Lisa'"
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During the years following 1950, he toured and lectured in the
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in New York City. Several smaller editions have been created.
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Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture
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Chuks Iloegbunam, "Independent expressions: Ben Enwonwu",
849:– Officer of the National Order of the Republic in Senegal
1035:"The Africanized Queen: Metonymic Site of Transformation"
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Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire
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Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire
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827:: for academic and intellectual attainment in Nigeria
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in 1937. At both colleges, he studied fine art under
577:, and dated 1949, was restored on the BBC programme
471:. In the course of her 1956 visit to Nigeria, Queen
1286:"Nigerian Sculpture at United Nations Headquarters"
1000:. New York: University Rochester Press. p. 38.
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703:(1951) which was exhibited during FESTAC LAGOS 1977
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1424:"Art Historian Publishes Monograph on Ben Enwonwu"
1228:"UK building relationship with Africa through art"
262:(14 July 1917 – 5 February 1994), better known as
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307:. His father, Omenka Odigwe Emeka Enwonwu, was a
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719:. A subsequent full-size version is part of the
1528:Members of the Royal Society of British Artists
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1020:Ben Enwonwu: The Making of an African Modernist
998:Ben Enwonwu: The Making of an African Modernist
886:"The painter who 'Africanised Queen Elizabeth'"
749:(1964): the Yoruba god of lightning and thunder
406:Ben Enwonwu: The Making of an African Modernist
1394:"NATIONAL GALLERY OF MODERN ART (NGMA), LAGOS"
522:, a representation of the Igbo earth goddess
332:1933, Enwonwu attended St. Patrick's School,
1533:Academic staff of Obafemi Awolowo University
1205:The Repair Shop – 60 Min Versions: Episode 8
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598:National Archives and Records Administration
817:scholarship: to study in the United Kingdom
518:, presented a small sculpture of Enwonwu's
1523:Members of the Order of the British Empire
1478:Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London
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479:exhibition in London of 1957, he unveiled
149:
1396:. National Gallery of Art. Archived from
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429:Anti Slavery and Aborigines Right Society
359:scholarship, he attended the prestigious
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Nigerian painter and sculptor (1917-1994)
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765:(1967): Sold in 2019 for $ 1.4 million.
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340:, completing his secondary education at
1022:. New York: University Rochester Press.
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701:Portrait of Chief Candido Joao Da Rocha
241:Odinigwe Benedict Chukwukadibia Enwonwu
162:Odinigwe Benedict Chukwukadibia Enwonwu
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1430:, Vol. 19, No. 11, 23 February 2009,
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792:Virtual Museum of Modern Nigerian Art
785:National Gallery of Modern Art, Lagos
790:His works can also be viewed at the
60:adding citations to reliable sources
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783:Enwonwu's work is displayed in the
731:Bronze statue of Queen Elizabeth II
431:, which was at that time headed by
378:, north-western region of Nigeria.
24:
1473:20th-century Nigerian male artists
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25:
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1503:Government College, Ibadan alumni
1498:Government College Umuahia alumni
1416:
1252:Ayodeji Rotinwa (23 April 2021).
1058:"News of the Week" (1910/09/02).
955:. BEF Foundation. Archived from
755:which is currently exhibited at
711:(1954–55): Commissioned for the
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1123:Brown, Mark (6 February 2018).
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543:Royal Anthropological Institute
510:(FESTAC) in Lagos of 1977. The
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1463:20th-century Nigerian painters
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549:Impact on the modern art world
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721:United Nations Art Collection
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1018:Ogbechie, Sylvester (2008).
996:Ogbechie, Sylvester (2008).
757:Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art
336:, and later enrolled at the
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1348:. BBC News. 17 October 2019
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725:United Nations Headquarters
634:"Fulani Girl of Rupp", 1949
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953:The Ben Enwonwu Foundation
539:The Brave African Huntress
342:Government College Umuahia
338:Government College, Ibadan
1458:20th-century male artists
1102:R. V. (2 November 1958).
1042:African Studies Quarterly
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737:Seven sculptures for the
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303:, southeastern region of
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1483:Alumni of Ruskin College
1432:University of California
1073:"The Rising Sun 1979-81"
713:Nigerian National Museum
412:Province (1940–41), and
361:Slade School of Fine Art
282:is named in his honour.
888:. BBC. 17 October 2019.
694:"Waterside Scene", 1950
395:National Gallery of Art
372:Ahmadu Bello University
351:In 1944, under a joint
1077:Royal Collection Trust
1060:The Nigerian Chronicle
1033:Nzegwu, Nkiru (1998).
741:newspaper headquarters
670:"Man with Banana Leaf"
658:"Head of Yoruba Girl"
585:Kakofoni Group Gallery
526:, to Elizabeth II and
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797:15 April 2015 at the
646:"Head of Hausa", 1958
389:
278:crater on the planet
1488:Artists from Onitsha
1326:on 14 September 2021
1083:on 14 September 2021
825:National Merit Award
512:President of Nigeria
481:the bronze sculpture
311:who worked with the
56:improve this article
959:on 29 November 2014
866:List of Igbo people
313:Royal Niger Company
1296:on 28 January 2018
1109:The New York Times
949:"Enwonwu's Legacy"
402:
220:Modern African art
1374:. 17 October 2019
1259:The Art Newspaper
922:on 2 October 2013
622:"Father and Son"
500:University of Ife
492:Howard University
393:(c. 1945) at the
346:Kenneth C. Murray
266:, was a Nigerian
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54:Please help
49:verification
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1453:1994 deaths
1448:1917 births
963:21 November
926:30 December
414:Edo College
264:Ben Enwonwu
138:Ben Enwonwu
1442:Categories
1378:17 October
1162:8 February
1134:8 February
872:References
682:"Nkatamuo"
545:, London.
435:, and had
418:Benin City
309:technician
291:Early life
169:1917-07-14
112:March 2010
82:newspapers
1157:CBC Radio
763:Christine
596:From the
568:civil war
374:, Zaria,
327:Education
286:Biography
197:, Nigeria
178:, Nigeria
1372:BBC News
1212:7 August
860:See also
795:Archived
317:sculptor
272:sculptor
217:Movement
211:sculptor
1352:5 March
1320:Bonhams
1237:5 March
1188:1 March
753:Ogbanje
723:at the
717:in situ
708:Anyanwu
564:Bonhams
520:Anywanu
504:Ile-Ife
410:Calabar
305:Nigeria
297:Onitsha
280:Mercury
276:Enwonwu
268:painter
207:Painter
167: (
96:scholar
18:Enwonwu
1404:22 May
1183:Quartz
805:Awards
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449:London
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382:Career
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747:Sango
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184:Died
158:Born
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