406:
493:
disasters are often the countries that contribute the most to factors that can increase the risk of said disasters, developing countries experience the impacts of environmental disasters more intensely than their wealthier counterparts. It is often the case that the populations that do not contribute to climate change are not only in geographic locations that experience more environmental disasters, but also have fewer resources to mitigate the impact of the disasters. For example, when
31:
528:
2212:
519:, in which houses along the coast are built a few feet off of the ground in order to decrease the damage caused by rising tides due to rising sea-levels. Although mitigation efforts such as those found in Miami might be effective in the short-term, many environmental groups are concerned with whether or not mitigation provides long-term solutions to the consequences of environmental disaster.
497:
hit
Louisiana in 2005, many scientists argued that climate change had increased the severity of the hurricane. Although the majority of the U.S. emissions that can contribute to climate change come from industry and transport, the people who were hit hardest by Katrina were not the heads of large
492:
According to author Daniel Murphy, different groups of people are able to adapt to environmental disasters differently due to social factors such as age, race, class, gender, and nationality. Murphy argues that while developed countries with access to resources that can help mitigate environmental
371:, 2008 – 1.1 billion US gallons (4,200,000 m) of slurry spilled from a coal plant, covering 300 acres, flowing down several rivers, destroying homes and contaminating water. The volume spilled was over 7 times as much as the volume of oil spilled in the Deepwater Horizon disaster.
164:, 1976 – Release of dioxin in Italy by a small chemical manufacturing plant. The resulting contamination led to thousands of human hospitalizations, and the deaths of more than 25% of local fauna. To prevent the chemical from entering the food chain, the town culled over 80,000 animals.
105:
Environmental disasters show how the impact of humans' alteration of the land has led to widespread and/or long-lasting consequences. These disasters have included deaths of wildlife, humans and plants, or severe disruption of human life or health, possibly requiring
249:
gas and other chemicals. Some estimate 8,000 people died within two weeks. A government affidavit in 2006 stated the leak caused 558,125 injuries including 38,478 temporary partial and approximately 3,900 severely and permanently disabling
202:
in 1978, and it eventually led to the destruction of homes and relocation of more than 800 families. The effects of the disaster led to the 1980 Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, better known as
510:
the impact of environmental disasters. Environmental disaster is caused by human activity, so many believe that such disasters can be prevented or have their consequences reduced by human activity as well. Efforts to attempt
217:, 1978 – The vessel broke in two, releasing its entire cargo of 1.6 million barrels (250,000 m3) of oil off the coast of Brittany, France. The amount of oil released totaled five times more than the Exxon Valdez spill in 1989.
443:, 2023 – A Norfolk Southern freight train carrying hazardous materials derailed in East Palestine, Ohio. The rail cars burned for several days, releasing chemicals into the air. Norfolk has been accused of mismanagement.
282:, 1986 – The U.S. government declassified 19,000 pages of documents indicating that between 1946 and 1986, the Hanford Site near Richland, Washington, released thousands of US gallons of radioactive liquids.
317:
from steel production factories. The contamination was known to be an issue and repeatedly investigated, but continuously deemed safe for residents. Toxic materials found included elevated levels of
377:, 2010 – An explosion killed 11 men working on the platform and injured 34 others. The gushing wellhead was capped, after it had released about 4.9 million barrels (780,000 m) of crude oil.
480:
world-wide. It concludes that, without concerted action, there could be upwards of 325 million people living in the 49 countries most exposed to the full range of natural hazards and
1011:
1831:
1906:
1270:
590:
969:
414:
1874:
1260:
1869:
1836:
260:
report places the total confirmed deaths from radiation at 64 as of 2008. The eventual death toll could reach 4,000. Some 50 emergency workers died of
615:
2182:
368:
535:
in 2002 from the U.S. Department of Energy's
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program. Regenerated vegetation covers 63% of land that was mined
1345:
1300:
1240:
1223:
629:
1235:
1388:
1320:
2187:
1350:
1325:
1265:
1255:
446:
2215:
1854:
1335:
1330:
1315:
17:
1121:
Ariza, M. A. (2020, September 29). As Miami keeps
Building, rising SEAS DEEPEN its social divide. Retrieved February 24, 2021, from
1019:
2197:
1961:
1295:
1290:
1250:
931:
1401:
1911:
1122:
1305:
498:
companies within the country. Rather, the poor Black communities within
Louisiana were the most devastated by the hurricane.
1881:
1310:
973:
1195:
676:
Eskenazi, Brenda; Warner, Marcella; Brambilla, Paolo; Signorini, Stefano; Ames, Jennifer; Mocarelli, Paolo (2018-12-01).
471:
399:, hydrogen-air explosions, and the release of radioactive material. It was deemed a level 7 event classification of the
1891:
1886:
1275:
380:
1164:
1107:
400:
417:, with some 160,000 evacuees still living in temporary housing, and some land will be unfarmable for centuries. The
2236:
781:
426:
968:
Andrew
Shepherd; Tom Mitchell; Kirsty Lewis; Amanda Lenhardt; Lindsey Jones; Lucy Scott; Robert Muir-Wood (2013).
365:, 2006 – Up to 267,000 US gallons (1,010 m; 6,400 bbl) of oil were spilled from a BP pipeline in Alaska.
2192:
2003:
1949:
1381:
997:
Murphy, Daniel; Wyborn (January 2015). "Key concepts and methods in social vulnerability and adaptive capacity".
391:
on March 11, 2011. Immediately after the earthquake, the active reactors automatically shut down their sustained
334:
91:
1041:
950:
1285:
220:
151:
1340:
313:
Hickory Woods, 1998 – Neighborhood in
Buffalo, New York that was developed on land contaminated by leftover
2100:
1846:
1750:
545:
658:
2025:
1993:
1485:
1245:
797:
374:
239:
river system. About 1,588 square kilometres (613 sq mi) of forest has died or is under stress.
2015:
1985:
1821:
1374:
1280:
440:
418:
410:
2110:
1228:
512:
1066:
2176:
2115:
269:
261:
874:
174:
that was contaminated by 21,000 tons of toxic chemicals, including at least twelve that are known
2064:
2059:
2035:
1998:
1859:
1188:
633:
560:
507:
171:
2155:
2105:
2069:
1816:
570:
293:
111:
35:
742:
906:
362:
214:
2120:
1456:
1123:
https://e360.yale.edu/features/as-miami-keeps-building-rising-seas-deepen-its-social-divide
832:
689:
555:
550:
540:
434:
179:
43:
388:
296:, 1989 – An Exxon supertanker spilled 260–750 thousand barrels (41,000–119,000 m) of
211:
is also credited as the start of the environmental activism movement in the United States.
114:, where effected groups try to socially confront the actors responsible for the disaster.
8:
1826:
208:
87:
1153:
1106:
Murti, R. (2018, June 01). Environment and disasters. Retrieved
February 24, 2021, from
836:
693:
2125:
1971:
1896:
1218:
1181:
856:
718:
677:
352:
253:
199:
967:
2130:
1765:
1475:
1409:
1160:
848:
801:
762:
723:
705:
591:"Exxon Valdez | Oil Spills | Damage Assessment, Remediation, and Restoration Program"
494:
330:
283:
246:
127:
2095:
1697:
1691:
1493:
1397:
1012:"Inequality is decreasing between countries—but climate change is slowing progress"
840:
793:
754:
713:
697:
481:
396:
392:
303:
195:
95:
94:. This point distinguishes environmental disasters from other disturbances such as
71:
1137:. Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, United Nations
1134:
1108:
https://www.iucn.org/theme/ecosystem-management/our-work/environment-and-disasters
1966:
1932:
1596:
743:"Follow-up of subjects who developed chloracne following TCDD exposure at seveso"
701:
242:
161:
107:
910:
899:"Residential brownfield redevelopment: A case study of Hickory Woods - ProQuest"
2008:
1549:
1465:
844:
467:
450:
405:
356:
355:, 2002 – Over 20 million US gallons (76,000 m) of two different grades of
287:
265:
191:
183:
99:
1089:
Allen, Troy D. "Katrina: Race, Class, and
Poverty: Reflections and Analysis".
821:"Learning from the Amoco Cadiz oil spill: damage valuation and court's ruling"
646:
2230:
2172:
2151:
2135:
2030:
2020:
1937:
1760:
1558:
898:
879:
United
Nations : Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation
852:
805:
766:
709:
143:
932:"Two years on, America hasn't learned lessons of Fukushima nuclear disaster"
758:
2079:
1901:
1755:
1677:
1672:
1505:
1470:
1418:
727:
342:
307:
279:
131:
46:. The spill in March 1989 dumped approximately 10.8 million US gallons of
30:
1864:
1770:
1656:
1589:
1568:
1563:
1441:
338:
314:
139:
123:
59:
860:
741:
Assennato, G.; Cervino, D.; Emmett, E. A.; Longo, G.; Merlo, F. (1989).
110:. Some environmental disasters are the trigger source of more expansive
1451:
820:
678:"The Seveso accident: A look at 40 years of health research and beyond"
232:
175:
167:
147:
63:
256:, 1986 – The official Soviet count of 31 deaths has been disputed. An
1780:
1775:
1723:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1431:
1426:
346:
306:, 1991 – Iraqi forces set 600-700 oil wells ablaze in retaliation to
297:
227:
As of 2006, mine operators have discharged about two billion tons of
204:
135:
55:
47:
1956:
1944:
1801:
1730:
1718:
1623:
1523:
1204:
322:
273:
228:
67:
970:"The geography of poverty, disasters and climate extremes in 2030"
527:
487:
1713:
1687:
1648:
1584:
1515:
1436:
780:
Phillips, Alicia Saunté; Hung, Yung-Tse; Bosela, Paul A. (2007).
565:
477:
454:
421:
will take 40 or more years, and cost tens of billions of dollars.
384:
318:
257:
236:
51:
675:
2074:
1927:
187:
39:
1135:
Climate Change – Response. First National Communication – 1999
662:
476:
A 2013 report examined the relationship between disasters and
1544:
1498:
532:
516:
1173:
449:, 2024 — An 18 miles (29 km) long oil-spill during the
1681:
740:
430:
326:
157:
The following is a list of major environmental disasters:
1396:
506:
There have been many attempts throughout recent years to
27:
Disaster to the natural environment due to human activity
1097:, www.jstor.org/stable/40034317. Accessed 31 Mar. 2021.
383:, 2011 – An energy accident initiated primarily by the
461:
74:
also suffered tremendously as a result of the spill.
1042:"10 Years Later: Was Warming to Blame for Katrina?"
659:"Environmental Disaster Videos on Gaiagonewild.com"
286:was both released into the air and flowed into the
154:, industrial activity, and agricultural practices.
122:Environmental disasters have historically affected
1152:
951:"Report Finds Japan Underestimated Tsunami Danger"
779:
929:
616:Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed
86:is defined as a catastrophic event regarding the
2228:
818:
786:Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
2183:International Association of Emergency Managers
825:Industrial & Environmental Crisis Quarterly
488:Social vulnerability and environmental disaster
369:Kingston Fossil Plant coal fly ash slurry spill
948:
1382:
1189:
647:End-of-the-World Scenario:ecological Disaster
359:were spilled off the coast of Galicia, Spain.
2188:International Disaster and Risk Conference
1389:
1375:
1196:
1182:
117:
717:
268:and an estimated total of 3940 died from
2198:International Disaster Emergency Service
526:
404:
395:. The insufficient cooling led to three
29:
1039:
747:American Journal of Industrial Medicine
607:
14:
2229:
1064:
798:10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(2007)21:4(313)
1370:
1177:
1150:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1093:, vol. 37, no. 4, 2007, pp. 466–468.
1067:"Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions"
993:
991:
501:
50:into the sound, killing over 250,000
429:, 2022 – the contamination of river
98:and intentional acts of war such as
2211:
2177:List of civil defense organisations
930:Richard Schiffman (12 March 2013).
819:Bonnieux, F.; Rainelli, P. (1993).
472:Effects of climate change on humans
24:
1144:
1112:
988:
381:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
235:and mine-induced erosion into the
25:
2248:
1855:Structural failures and collapses
462:Climate change and disaster risks
401:International Nuclear Event Scale
134:. The most common causes include
2210:
1159:. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
335:polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
2193:Disaster Accountability Project
1100:
1083:
1058:
1033:
1004:
961:
949:Martin Fackler (June 1, 2011).
942:
923:
891:
867:
812:
773:
734:
669:
651:
640:
622:
583:
515:are evident in cities such as
221:Ok Tedi environmental disaster
152:depletion of natural resources
13:
1:
1203:
576:
451:United States–Houthi conflict
2101:Emergency population warning
1794:Unrelated to natural hazards
1751:Potentially hazardous object
1018:. 2019-04-22. Archived from
702:10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.051
546:List of environmental issues
310:, which lasted seven months.
7:
1994:Crowd collapses and crushes
630:"Burning oil night and day"
522:
427:Oder environmental disaster
375:Deepwater Horizon oil spill
290:(which flows to the ocean).
190:among them), from a former
10:
2253:
1065:US EPA, OAR (2015-12-29).
845:10.1177/108602669300700302
465:
411:Fukushima nuclear disaster
2206:
2165:
2144:
2111:Earthquake warning system
2088:
2052:
1984:
1920:
1845:
1809:
1800:
1793:
1743:
1706:
1665:
1647:
1616:
1609:
1577:
1543:
1536:
1514:
1484:
1450:
1417:
1408:
1366:
1359:
1271:Great Britain and Ireland
1211:
1133:Republic of Nauru. 1999.
682:Environment International
170:, 1977 - Neighborhood in
18:Environmental catastrophe
1091:Journal of Black Studies
875:"The Chornobyl Accident"
270:radiation-induced cancer
264:, nine children died of
262:acute radiation syndrome
2237:Environmental disasters
2065:Earthquake preparedness
2060:Disaster risk reduction
2004:Environmental disasters
1155:Environmental Disasters
1001:. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
759:10.1002/ajim.4700160203
561:Environmental emergency
172:Niagara Falls, New York
118:Environmental disasters
112:environmental conflicts
34:Seabirds killed by the
2156:List of disaster films
2106:Emergency Alert System
2070:Hurricane preparedness
1046:www.climatecentral.org
571:Malthusian catastrophe
536:
422:
294:Exxon Valdez oil spill
80:environmental disaster
75:
36:Exxon Valdez oil spill
530:
466:Further information:
441:Ohio train derailment
437:of the local sealife.
419:difficult cleanup job
408:
363:Prudhoe Bay oil spill
215:Amoco Cadiz oil spill
146:, emissions into the
92:due to human activity
66:, and numerous other
33:
2121:Emergency management
782:"Love Canal Tragedy"
556:Emergency management
551:Environmental hazard
541:Anthropogenic hazard
435:mass mortality event
245:, 1984 – Release of
180:halogenated organics
44:Prince William Sound
2026:Terrorist incidents
1151:Davis, Lee (1998).
837:1993OrgEn...7..169B
694:2018EnInt.121...71E
531:An aerial image of
209:Love Canal Disaster
130:, the economy, and
88:natural environment
84:ecological disaster
2126:Hurricane response
1972:Disease of despair
1882:Civilian radiation
1402:list by death toll
613:Jared M. Diamond,
537:
502:Mitigation efforts
423:
415:highly radioactive
353:Prestige oil spill
254:Chernobyl disaster
200:state of emergency
76:
2224:
2223:
2131:Crisis management
2048:
2047:
2044:
2043:
1980:
1979:
1789:
1788:
1766:Geomagnetic storm
1739:
1738:
1605:
1604:
1532:
1531:
1476:Soil liquefaction
1398:Natural disasters
495:Hurricane Katrina
397:nuclear meltdowns
393:fission reactions
389:TĹŤhoku earthquake
284:Radioactive waste
247:methyl isocyanate
96:natural disasters
16:(Redirected from
2244:
2214:
2213:
2096:Humanitarian aid
1892:Military nuclear
1887:Civilian nuclear
1807:
1806:
1798:
1797:
1698:Tropical cyclone
1692:Tornado outbreak
1614:
1613:
1541:
1540:
1494:Pyroclastic flow
1486:Volcano eruption
1415:
1414:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1158:
1138:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1022:on April 1, 2021
1008:
1002:
995:
986:
985:
983:
981:
972:. Archived from
965:
959:
958:
946:
940:
939:
927:
921:
920:
918:
917:
903:www.proquest.com
895:
889:
888:
886:
885:
871:
865:
864:
816:
810:
809:
777:
771:
770:
738:
732:
731:
721:
673:
667:
666:
661:. Archived from
655:
649:
644:
638:
637:
632:. Archived from
626:
620:
611:
605:
604:
602:
601:
587:
482:climate extremes
409:As of 2013, the
304:Kuwait oil fires
196:President Carter
138:that seeps into
100:nuclear bombings
72:fishing industry
21:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2202:
2161:
2140:
2089:Countermeasures
2084:
2040:
2036:Nightclub fires
1999:Economic crises
1976:
1967:Opioid epidemic
1916:
1841:
1785:
1735:
1702:
1666:Cyclonic storms
1661:
1643:
1601:
1597:Limnic eruption
1573:
1547:
1528:
1516:Natural erosion
1510:
1480:
1454:
1446:
1404:
1395:
1355:
1207:
1202:
1167:
1147:
1145:Further reading
1142:
1141:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1088:
1084:
1075:
1073:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1048:
1038:
1034:
1025:
1023:
1010:
1009:
1005:
996:
989:
979:
977:
966:
962:
947:
943:
928:
924:
915:
913:
897:
896:
892:
883:
881:
873:
872:
868:
817:
813:
778:
774:
739:
735:
688:(Pt 1): 71–84.
674:
670:
657:
656:
652:
645:
641:
628:
627:
623:
612:
608:
599:
597:
589:
588:
584:
579:
525:
504:
490:
474:
464:
280:Hanford Nuclear
243:Bhopal disaster
162:Seveso disaster
120:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2250:
2240:
2239:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2009:Sacrifice zone
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1912:Infrastructure
1909:
1907:Mast and tower
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1611:
1610:Meteorological
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1555:
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1538:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1490:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1466:Seismic hazard
1462:
1460:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1394:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1371:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1261:Czech Republic
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
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1231:
1226:
1215:
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1209:
1208:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1126:
1111:
1099:
1082:
1057:
1032:
1003:
987:
960:
955:New York Times
941:
922:
890:
866:
831:(3): 169–188.
811:
792:(4): 313–319.
772:
753:(2): 119–125.
733:
668:
665:on 2007-12-03.
650:
639:
636:on 2007-02-08.
621:
606:
595:darrp.noaa.gov
581:
580:
578:
575:
574:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
524:
521:
517:Miami, Florida
503:
500:
489:
486:
468:Global warming
463:
460:
459:
458:
447:Red Sea crisis
444:
438:
424:
387:following the
378:
372:
366:
360:
357:heavy fuel oil
350:
311:
301:
291:
288:Columbia River
277:
266:thyroid cancer
251:
240:
218:
212:
192:chemical waste
184:chlorobenzenes
165:
119:
116:
70:. The Alaskan
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2249:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2217:
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2208:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2194:
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2186:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2173:Civil defense
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:Organizations
2164:
2157:
2153:
2152:Disaster film
2150:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2136:Disaster area
2134:
2132:
2129:
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2019:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
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2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
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1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
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1943:
1939:
1938:Famine scales
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1931:
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1929:
1926:
1925:
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1919:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
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1893:
1890:
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1885:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1875:by death toll
1873:
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1858:
1856:
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1796:
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1782:
1779:
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1774:
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1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:Meteor shower
1759:
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1712:
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1640:
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1627:
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1621:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1559:Coastal flood
1557:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1507:
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1497:
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1477:
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1469:
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1449:
1443:
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1416:
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1407:
1403:
1399:
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1346:United States
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1327:
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1279:
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1274:
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1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1224:by death toll
1222:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1168:
1166:0-8160-3265-3
1162:
1157:
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1148:
1136:
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1124:
1118:
1116:
1109:
1103:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1047:
1043:
1040:reaTWeather.
1036:
1021:
1017:
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1007:
1000:
999:Research Gate
994:
992:
976:on 2013-10-24
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664:
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618:
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596:
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586:
582:
572:
569:
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552:
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499:
496:
485:
483:
479:
473:
469:
456:
452:
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432:
428:
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420:
416:
413:site remains
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158:
155:
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149:
145:
144:body of water
141:
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109:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
73:
69:
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61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
32:
19:
2080:Survival kit
1902:Levee breach
1756:Impact event
1744:Astronomical
1678:Thunderstorm
1673:Bomb cyclone
1537:Hydrological
1506:Volcanic ash
1471:Seismic risk
1419:Mass wasting
1154:
1129:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1074:. Retrieved
1070:
1060:
1049:. Retrieved
1045:
1035:
1024:. Retrieved
1020:the original
1015:
1006:
998:
978:. Retrieved
974:the original
963:
954:
944:
936:The Guardian
935:
925:
914:. Retrieved
902:
893:
882:. Retrieved
878:
869:
828:
824:
814:
789:
785:
775:
750:
746:
736:
685:
681:
671:
663:the original
653:
642:
634:the original
624:
614:
609:
598:. Retrieved
594:
585:
505:
491:
475:
343:dibenzofuran
308:Desert Storm
224:
156:
132:human health
128:biodiversity
121:
104:
83:
79:
77:
60:harbor seals
2216:WikiProject
2116:Evacuations
2053:Preparation
1962:Biosecurity
1837:Spaceflight
1771:Solar flare
1657:Megadrought
1617:Temperature
1590:Megatsunami
1569:Storm surge
1564:Flash flood
1442:Debris flow
1331:South Korea
1311:Philippines
1301:New Zealand
1016:Environment
339:naphthalene
198:declared a
194:dump site.
176:carcinogens
140:groundwater
126:, wildlife
124:agriculture
64:bald eagles
1897:Oil spills
1847:Industrial
1452:Earthquake
1410:Geological
1241:Bangladesh
1076:2021-03-31
1051:2021-03-31
1026:2021-03-31
980:29 October
916:2024-09-22
884:2024-09-22
600:2023-12-09
577:References
513:mitigation
233:overburden
168:Love Canal
148:atmosphere
56:sea otters
1827:Shipwreck
1810:Transport
1802:Accidents
1781:Hypernova
1776:Supernova
1724:Firestorm
1639:Heat wave
1634:Ice storm
1629:Cold wave
1432:Avalanche
1427:Landslide
1360:Disasters
1286:Indonesia
1236:Australia
1205:Disasters
911:304940823
853:1087-0172
806:0887-3828
767:0271-3586
710:0160-4120
484:in 2040.
433:led to a
347:carbazole
298:crude oil
250:injuries.
205:Superfund
136:pollution
108:migration
48:crude oil
2231:Category
2016:Military
1986:Man-made
1957:Pandemic
1945:Epidemic
1822:Maritime
1731:ARkStorm
1719:Wildfire
1624:Blizzard
1524:Sinkhole
1341:Thailand
1321:Portugal
1306:Pakistan
1212:Overview
907:ProQuest
861:26162550
728:30179766
523:See also
508:mitigate
323:chromium
274:leukemia
229:tailings
90:that is
68:wildlife
54:, 2,800
52:seabirds
1870:Nuclear
1714:Derecho
1688:Tornado
1649:Drought
1585:Tsunami
1437:Mudflow
1351:Vietnam
1326:Romania
1266:Estonia
1256:Croatia
1229:by cost
833:Bibcode
719:6221983
690:Bibcode
566:Ecocide
478:poverty
455:Red Sea
453:in the
385:tsunami
331:mercury
319:arsenic
258:UNSCEAR
237:Ok Tedi
223:, 1984
2075:Safety
1928:Famine
1921:Health
1860:Bridge
1336:Sweden
1316:Poland
1246:Canada
1163:
1071:US EPA
909:
859:
851:
804:
765:
726:
716:
708:
619:, 2005
345:, and
207:. The
188:dioxin
186:, and
150:, and
62:, 250
58:, 300
40:Alaska
2145:Media
2031:Riots
1707:Other
1578:Other
1545:Flood
1499:Lahar
1296:Malta
1291:Japan
1281:India
1276:Haiti
1251:China
1219:Lists
1095:JSTOR
857:JSTOR
533:Nauru
142:or a
2021:Wars
1950:list
1933:List
1817:Rail
1682:Hail
1550:List
1457:List
1161:ISBN
982:2013
849:ISSN
802:ISSN
763:ISSN
724:PMID
706:ISSN
470:and
431:Oder
327:lead
315:coke
272:and
1865:Dam
1832:Air
841:doi
794:doi
755:doi
714:PMC
698:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
