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database for subsequent analysis and display. Ensembl makes these data freely accessible to the world research community. All the data and code produced by the
Ensembl project is available to download, and there is also a publicly accessible database server allowing remote access. In addition, the
29:
175:, whereby a team of scientists tries to locate genes using experimental data from scientific journals and public databases. However this is a slow, painstaking task. The alternative, known as automated annotation, is to use the power of computers to do the complex
289:. These are shown as data tracks, and individual tracks can be turned on and off, allowing the user to customise the display to suit their research interests. The interface also enables the user to zoom in to a region or move along the genome in either direction.
2894:
2162:
Ruffier, Magali; Kähäri, Andreas; Komorowska, Monika; Keenan, Stephen; Laird, Matthew; Longden, Ian; Proctor, Glenn; Searle, Steve; Staines, Daniel; Taylor, Kieron; Vullo, Alessandro; Yates, Andrew; Zerbino, Daniel; Flicek, Paul (January 2017).
369:
database, avoiding the need to download enormous datasets. The users could even choose to retrieve data from the MySQL with direct SQL queries, but this requires an extensive knowledge of the current database schema.
2269:
Howe, Kevin L.; Contreras-Moreira, Bruno; De Silva, Nishadi; Maslen, Gareth; Akanni, Wasiu; Allen, James; Alvarez-Jarreta, Jorge; Barba, Matthieu; Bolser, Dan M.; Cambell, Lahcen; Carbajo, Manuel (8 January 2020).
392:
The annotated genomes include most fully sequenced vertebrates and selected model organisms. All of them are eukaryotes, there are no prokaryotes. As of 2022, there are 271 species registered, this includes:
308:) across a range of species. The graphics are complemented by tabular displays, and in many cases data can be exported directly from the page in a variety of standard file formats such as
354:
to be written to retrieve data of interest. The same API is used internally by the web interface to display the data. It is divided in sections like the core API, the compara API (for
3292:
2839:
1530:
358:
data), the variation API (for accessing SNPs, SNVs, CNVs..), and the functional genomics API (to access regulatory data). The
Ensembl website provides extensive information on
191:, with the initial goals of automatically annotate the human genome, integrate this annotation with available biological data and make all this knowledge publicly available.
2803:
2742:
1526:
2637:
3142:
2821:
1449:
2212:
Hubbard, T. J. P.; Aken, B. L.; Ayling, S.; Ballester, B.; Beal, K.; Bragin, E.; Brent, S.; Chen, Y.; Clapham, P.; Clarke, L.; Coates, G. (January 2009).
324:
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Central to the
Ensembl concept is the ability to automatically generate graphical views of the alignment of genes and other genomic data against a
3245:
2833:
1772:
All data part of the
Ensembl project is open access and all software is open source, being freely available to the scientific community, under a
253:
As of 2020, Ensembl supported over 50 000 genomes across both
Ensembl and Ensembl Genomes databases, adding some new innovative features such as
171:. However the genome alone is of little use, unless the locations and relationships of individual genes can be identified. One option is manual
3137:
2900:
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2748:
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3163:
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250:, focusing on providing taxonomic and evolutionary context to genes, whilst the original project continues to focus on vertebrates.
3617:
3147:
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2103:
Curwen, Val; Eyras, Eduardo; Andrews, T. Daniel; Clarke, Laura; Mongin, Emmanuel; Searle, Steven M. J.; Clamp, Michele (May 2004).
2376:
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Externally produced data can also be added to the display by uploading a suitable file in one of the supported formats, such as
3682:
3158:
2870:
2647:
194:
In the
Ensembl project, sequence data are fed into the gene annotation system (a collection of software "pipelines" written in
2827:
2725:
2583:
1828:
2853:
1776:
license. Currently, Ensembl database website is mirrored at four different locations worldwide to improve the service.
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2719:
438:
117:
69:
2707:
2695:
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450:
120:, which provides a centralized resource for geneticists, molecular biologists and other researchers studying the
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3189:
2754:
1001:
965:
671:
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350:(Application Programming Interface) that models biological objects such as genes and proteins, allowing simple
384:
server which can be used to download entire MySQL databases as well some selected data sets in other formats.
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2674:
2591:
2559:
3082:
3004:
2523:
2462:
1833:
1437:
1341:
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3282:
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2632:
2555:
2497:
2165:"Ensembl core software resources: storage and programmatic access for DNA sequence and genome annotation"
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2612:
510:
3672:
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2782:
2736:
1285:
923:
3132:
2895:
International
Conference on Computational Intelligence Methods for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics
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1123:
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663:
494:
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data-mining tool. It provides a web interface for downloading datasets using complex queries.
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2607:
1575:
1409:
1357:
1223:
1055:
1029:
1025:
969:
895:
871:
775:
571:
257:, a new website designed to make genome annotation data available more quickly to users, and
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1187:
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1099:
1005:
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727:
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587:
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187:. The Ensembl project was launched in 1999 in response to the imminent completion of the
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2213:
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2004:
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2702:
Microsoft
Research - University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology
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2009:
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33:
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1999:
1991:
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Stabenau A, McVicker G, Melsopp C, Proctor G, Clamp M, Birney E (February 2004).
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1111:
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Ensembl website provides computer-generated visual displays of much of the data.
61:
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Over time the project has expanded to include additional species (including key
3562:
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1848:
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2013:
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1995:
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863:
815:
803:
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262:
254:
172:
125:
1813:
198:) which creates a set of predicted gene locations and saves them in a
1789:
1670:
1631:
1587:
1501:
1227:
1155:
887:
707:
643:
518:
330:
Graphics are generated using a suite of custom Perl modules based on
293:
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Other displays show data at varying levels of resolution, from whole
219:
164:
3332:
3277:
3255:
2642:
2579:
2571:
2541:
2268:
1555:
1425:
947:
851:
424:
403:
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144:
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1033:
955:
847:
823:
811:
799:
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374:
231:
180:
137:
2437:
2427:
3594:
3297:
3240:
2815:
2669:
2622:
2587:
2272:"Ensembl Genomes 2020-enabling non-vertebrate genomic research"
1858:
1700:
1607:
1535:
1441:
879:
767:
759:
691:
556:
514:
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486:
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410:
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28:
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1433:
919:
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827:
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239:
226:
and regulatory features. Since April 2009, a sister project,
199:
2804:
African
Society for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
2027:
Flicek P, Aken BL, Ballester B, et al. (January 2010).
1978:
Flicek P, Amode MR, Barrell D, et al. (November 2010).
3307:
3302:
3203:
3129:
Sainsbury
Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour
2743:
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
2545:
2417:
1727:
1627:
1263:
1115:
1045:
795:
763:
278:
195:
168:
16:
Scientific project at the European Bioinformatics Institute
2410:
2211:
381:
100:
2432:
2422:
1127:
819:
755:
747:
739:
735:
347:
343:
184:
2822:
International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration
2102:
1808:---- Cloud-based mirror on East Coast of United States
1800:---- Cloud-based mirror on West Coast of United States
2443:
Ensembl: Browsing chordate genomes on EBI Train OnLine
230:, has extended the scope of Ensembl into invertebrate
222:) as well as a wider range of genomic data, including
300:
sequences, or present other types of display such as
342:
In addition to its website, Ensembl provides a REST
2026:
2514:, database of protein sequences grouping together
1977:
3185:Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine
3649:
2749:US National Center for Biotechnology Information
3246:Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations
2834:International Society for Computational Biology
365:This software can be used to access the public
153:the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC)
2901:ISCB Africa ASBCB Conference on Bioinformatics
2105:"The Ensembl automatic gene annotation system"
334:, the standard Perl graphics display library.
296:down to text-based representations of DNA and
3083:
2848:Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
2463:
337:
167:, which code for approximately 20,000–25,000
2877:European Conference on Computational Biology
2912:Research in Computational Molecular Biology
1876:
163:The human genome consists of three billion
3090:
3076:
2889:International Conference on Bioinformatics
2470:
2456:
373:Large datasets can be retrieved using the
268:
3658:Genetic engineering in the United Kingdom
2883:Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology
2352:
2303:
2245:
2188:
2138:
2120:
2078:"Medical definition of Genome Annotation"
2052:
2003:
1954:
1902:
1877:Yates A. D.; et al. (January 2020).
3678:Science and technology in Cambridgeshire
3618:Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow
2076:Davis, Charles Patrick (29 March 2021).
1870:
272:
3668:Medical databases in the United Kingdom
2871:Basel Computational Biology Conference
1928:
132:. Ensembl is one of several well known
3650:
3143:WTC for Gene Regulation and Expression
2020:
1971:
1767:
1092:chicken (paternal White leghorn layer)
676:Upper Galilee mountains blind mole rat
3622:Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow
3071:
2828:International Society for Biocuration
2726:European Molecular Biology Laboratory
2451:
2329:"The Ensembl Core Software Libraries"
2075:
1931:"The Ensembl genome database project"
1816:---- Cloud-based mirror in Singapore
3587:Institutional Strategic Support Fund
3050:
2320:
1924:
1922:
1829:List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes
2854:Japanese Society for Bioinformatics
13:
3097:
2816:European Molecular Biology network
2477:
387:
14:
3714:
2906:Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing
2810:Australia Bioinformatics Resource
2777:Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
2760:Netherlands Bioinformatics Centre
2720:European Bioinformatics Institute
2402:
1919:
118:European Bioinformatics Institute
70:European Bioinformatics Institute
3632:
3631:
3202:
3049:
3038:
3037:
2708:Database Center for Life Science
2696:Computational Biology Department
2584:Arabidopsis Information Resource
32:
27:
22:Ensembl genome database project.
3581:Collaborative Awards in Science
3293:Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust
2554:Specialised genomic databases:
2369:
116:is a scientific project at the
114:Ensembl genome database project
3584:Investigator Awards in Science
3190:Wellcome Research Laboratories
3155:WTC for Molecular Parasitology
3152:WTC for Mitochondrial Research
2755:Japanese Institute of Genetics
2262:
2205:
2155:
2096:
2069:
1929:Hubbard, T. (1 January 2002).
966:Argentine black and white tegu
672:thirteen-lined ground squirrel
360:how to install and use the API
1:
3683:South Cambridgeshire District
2675:Rosalind (education platform)
2592:Zebrafish Information Network
2560:Saccharomyces Genome Database
1990:(Database issue): D800–D806.
1864:
1531:Periophthalmus magnuspinnatus
261:, a new website to access to
124:of our own species and other
3138:WTC for Cell-Matrix Research
3005:List of biological databases
2524:Protein Information Resource
2224:(Database issue): D690–697.
1834:List of biological databases
435:black-capped squirrel monkey
7:
3283:Genome Reference Consortium
3231:Cambridge Biomedical Campus
2498:European Nucleotide Archive
2039:(Database issue): D557–62.
1822:
1002:Goode's thornscrub tortoise
281:aligned to the human genome
10:
3719:
3164:WTC for Stem Cell Research
1088:chicken (maternal Broiler)
401:
338:Alternative access methods
158:
147:and browsers are found at
3629:
3571:
3480:
3445:
3391:Executive leadership team
3390:
3341:
3211:
3200:
3177:
3169:Wellcome Sanger Institute
3112:
3105:
3033:
2987:
2921:
2863:
2796:
2783:Wellcome Sanger Institute
2737:J. Craig Venter Institute
2683:
2661:
2600:
2485:
1694:
1438:horned golden-line barbel
415:
408:
95:
90:
78:
60:
55:
45:
40:
26:
3133:Science Learning Centres
2766:Philippine Genome Center
1758:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1596:three-spined stickleback
1527:Paramormyrops kingsleyae
1124:eastern spot-billed duck
1084:chicken (Red junglefowl)
978:chinese softshell turtle
640:North American deermouse
495:golden snub-nosed monkey
3590:Science Strategic Award
3349:Eliza Manningham-Buller
3212:Projects and facilities
3120:Francis Crick Institute
3010:Molecular phylogenetics
2506:China National GeneBank
2181:10.1093/database/bax020
1844:Sequence profiling tool
1711:Drosophila melanogaster
1522:orbiculate cardinalfish
1350:blunt-snouted clingfish
1148:golden-collared manakin
1038:West African mud turtle
592:daurian ground squirrel
439:black snub-nosed monkey
269:Displaying genomic data
3572:Awards and fellowships
3323:Wellcome Genome Campus
3251:COSMIC cancer database
3148:WTC for Human Genetics
3106:Centres and institutes
2714:DNA Data Bank of Japan
2502:DNA Data Bank of Japan
2276:Nucleic Acids Research
2218:Nucleic Acids Research
1935:Nucleic Acids Research
1784:Official mirror sites
1738:Caenorhabditis elegans
1482:Makobe island chichlid
1256:white-throated sparrow
1236:spoon-billed sandpiper
982:common snapping turtle
974:central bearded dragon
792:lesser hedgehog tenrec
624:long-tailed chinchilla
620:lesser Egyptian jerboa
576:arctic ground squirrel
559:(Rodents + Lagomorphs)
282:
3703:Computational biology
3614:Wellcome Trust Centre
3611:Wellcome Image Awards
3236:Cancer Genome Project
2995:Computational biology
2510:Secondary databases:
2029:"Ensembl's 10th year"
1790:UK (Sanger Institute)
1576:Siamese fighting fish
1358:Burton's mouthbrooder
1224:rufous-capped babbler
1030:three-toed box turtle
1026:Pinta Island tortoise
970:blue-ringed sea krait
776:greater horseshoe bat
600:eurasian red squirrel
276:
136:for the retrieval of
3693:Biological databases
3288:Human Genome Project
3261:Diamond Light Source
3219:1000 Genomes Project
3159:WTC for Neuroimaging
2492:Sequence databases:
1806:US East (Amazon AWS)
1798:US West (Amazon AWS)
1620:yellowtail amberjack
1616:western mosquitofish
1540:pinecone soldierfish
1466:large yellow croaker
1260:yellow-billed amazon
1216:ring-necked pheasant
1200:northern spotted owl
1136:eurasian sparrowhawk
1064:blue-crowned manakin
1018:mainland tiger snake
503:greater bamboo lemur
356:comparative genomics
189:Human Genome Project
3607:Wellcome Book Prize
3599:Sir Henry Wellcome
3318:Wellcome Collection
2788:Whitehead Institute
2576:Rat Genome Database
2433:UCSC Genome Browser
1996:10.1093/nar/gkq1064
1947:10.1093/nar/30.1.38
1854:UCSC Genome Browser
1780:
1768:Open source/mirrors
1600:tiger tail seahorse
1552:red-bellied piranha
1498:Monterrey platyfish
1362:channel bull blenny
1196:New Caledonian crow
1188:medium ground finch
1180:little spotted kiwi
1164:helmeted guineafowl
998:saltwater crocodile
994:eastern brown snake
728:California sea lion
700:american black bear
588:damaraland mole rat
580:Brazilian guineapig
535:Ugandan red colobus
467:crab-eating macaque
398:
23:
3414:Peter Pereira Gray
3342:Board of governors
3025:Sequence alignment
2732:Flatiron Institute
2381:uswest.ensembl.org
2345:10.1101/gr.1857204
2288:10.1093/nar/gkz890
2230:10.1093/nar/gkn828
2122:10.1101/gr.1858004
2045:10.1093/nar/gkp972
1895:10.1093/nar/gkz966
1792:---- main website
1779:
1682:Ciona intestinalis
1658:Petromyzon marinus
1612:turquoise killfish
1446:indian glassy fish
1422:golden-line barbel
1338:bicolor damselfish
1291:Xenopus tropicalis
1208:oriental scops owl
1204:okarito brown kiwi
1160:great spotted kiwi
1132:eurasian eagle-owl
1100:colared flycatcher
986:common wall lizard
836:Siberian musk deer
523:pig-tailed macaque
396:
380:Last, there is an
304:of similar genes (
283:
265:reference genome.
224:genetic variations
21:
3645:
3644:
3359:Tobias Bonhoeffer
3198:
3197:
3065:
3064:
3020:Sequence database
2534:Protein Data Bank
2528:Other databases:
2282:(D1): D689–D695.
2033:Nucleic Acids Res
1984:Nucleic Acids Res
1889:(D1): D682–D688.
1883:Nucleic Acids Res
1839:Sequence analysis
1820:
1819:
1814:Asia (Amazon AWS)
1765:
1764:
1716:Anopheles gambiae
1624:Takifugu rubripes
1568:sheepshead minnow
1458:javanese ricefish
1430:greater amberjack
1382:clown anemonefish
1286:Leisan spiny toad
1244:Swainson's thrush
1212:pink-footed goose
511:Ma's night monkey
463:Coquerel's sifaka
111:
110:
3710:
3673:Medical genetics
3663:Genome databases
3635:
3634:
3481:Other key people
3446:Former directors
3420:Chonnettia Jones
3354:Michael Ferguson
3328:Wellcome Library
3206:
3125:Gurdon Institute
3110:
3109:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3069:
3068:
3053:
3052:
3041:
3040:
3000:List of biobanks
2964:Stockholm format
2772:Scripps Research
2472:
2465:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2414:
2413:
2411:Official website
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2387:on 6 August 2022
2383:. Archived from
2373:
2367:
2366:
2356:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2307:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2249:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2192:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2142:
2124:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2080:. Archived from
2073:
2067:
2066:
2056:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2007:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1958:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1906:
1874:
1781:
1778:
1761:(baker's yeast)
1518:orange clownfish
1486:mangrove rivulus
1478:lyretail cichlid
1470:live sharksucker
1398:denticle herring
1334:barramundi perch
1322:atlantic herring
1240:superb fairywren
1232:small tree finch
712:asian black bear
628:mongolian gerbil
418:Euarchontoglires
399:
395:
287:reference genome
177:pattern-matching
107:
104:
102:
79:Primary citation
36:
31:
24:
20:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3625:
3593:Sir Henry Dale
3567:
3498:Dominic Cadbury
3493:William Castell
3476:
3459:Bridget Ogilvie
3441:
3405:Stephen Caddick
3386:
3337:
3207:
3194:
3173:
3101:
3096:
3066:
3061:
3029:
2983:
2917:
2859:
2840:Student Council
2792:
2691:Broad Institute
2679:
2657:
2596:
2481:
2476:
2428:Ensembl genomes
2409:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2333:Genome Research
2325:
2321:
2267:
2263:
2210:
2206:
2160:
2156:
2109:Genome Research
2101:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2084:on 14 June 2021
2074:
2070:
2025:
2021:
1976:
1972:
1927:
1920:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1825:
1770:
1462:jewelled blenny
1454:japanese medaka
1370:chinese rmedaka
1366:channel catfish
1326:atlantic salmon
1144:golden pheasant
1120:eastern buzzard
1112:dark-eyed junco
1096:chilean tinamou
1060:bengalese finch
1056:African ostrich
990:desert tortoise
928:Tasmanian devil
724:chacoan peccary
608:ground squirrel
584:chinese hamster
572:american beaver
459:common marmoset
390:
388:Current species
340:
271:
228:Ensembl Genomes
208:model organisms
161:
134:genome browsers
130:model organisms
99:
74:
62:Research center
17:
12:
11:
5:
3716:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3698:Bioinformatics
3695:
3690:
3688:Wellcome Trust
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3643:
3642:
3630:
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3620:
3615:
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3609:
3604:
3597:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3578:Capital Awards
3575:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3563:Henry Wellcome
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3484:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3468:
3465:Michael Dexter
3462:
3456:
3453:Peter Williams
3449:
3447:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3417:Mark Henderson
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3372:Bryan Grenfell
3369:
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3107:
3103:
3102:
3099:Wellcome Trust
3095:
3094:
3087:
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3072:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3047:
3034:
3031:
3030:
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3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2991:
2989:
2988:Related topics
2985:
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2482:
2479:Bioinformatics
2475:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2404:
2403:External links
2401:
2399:
2398:
2377:"Species List"
2368:
2339:(5): 929–933.
2319:
2261:
2214:"Ensembl 2009"
2204:
2154:
2115:(5): 942–950.
2095:
2068:
2019:
1980:"Ensembl 2011"
1970:
1918:
1879:"Ensembl 2020"
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1849:Sequence motif
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1801:
1794:
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1734:
1732:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1688:Ciona savignyi
1678:
1676:
1674:
1666:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1580:spinny chromis
1572:shortfin molly
1494:Midas chichlid
1418:gilthead bream
1410:elephant shark
1378:climbing perch
1374:chinook salmon
1307:
1305:
1303:
1295:
1294:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1271:
1270:
1172:japanese quail
1168:indian peafowl
1152:gouldian finch
1108:common kestrel
1053:
1051:
1049:
1041:
1040:
1022:painted turtle
963:
961:
959:
951:
950:
945:
943:
935:
934:
913:
911:
903:
902:
893:
891:
883:
882:
869:
867:
859:
858:
844:Siberian tiger
696:american bison
689:
687:
684:Laurasiatheria
679:
678:
636:naked mole-rat
604:golden hamster
564:Algerian mouse
561:
552:
551:
546:
538:
537:
527:sooty mangabey
431:Angola colobus
428:
421:
414:
407:
389:
386:
339:
336:
270:
267:
160:
157:
109:
108:
97:
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15:
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3549:
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3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3528:Richard Hynes
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3513:Oliver Franks
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3488:Damon Buffini
3486:
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3479:
3472:
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3460:
3457:
3454:
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3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3408:Simon Chaplin
3407:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3398:Jeremy Farrar
3396:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3377:Naguib Kheraj
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3367:William Burns
3365:
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3360:
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2955:
2954:Pileup format
2952:
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2942:
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2799:
2797:Organizations
2795:
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2550:Gene Ontology
2547:
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2509:
2507:
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2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2175:(1): bax020.
2174:
2170:
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2158:
2150:
2146:
2141:
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2123:
2118:
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2023:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1952:
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1777:
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1744:
1743:
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1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1720:Aedes aegypti
1717:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1696:Invertebrates
1693:
1690:
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1679:
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1633:
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1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1564:sailfin molly
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1548:rainbow trout
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1514:ocean sunfish
1511:
1510:northern pike
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1490:mexican tetra
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1450:indian medaka
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1414:european bass
1411:
1407:
1403:
1402:eastern happy
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1330:ballan wrasse
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1314:asian arowana
1311:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:common canary
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:burrowing owl
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1014:komodo dragon
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
964:
962:
960:
958:
957:
953:
952:
949:
946:
944:
942:
941:
937:
936:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
916:Common wombat
914:
912:
910:
909:
905:
904:
901:
897:
894:
892:
890:
889:
885:
884:
881:
877:
873:
870:
868:
866:
865:
861:
860:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
708:Arabian camel
705:
704:american mink
701:
697:
693:
690:
688:
686:
685:
681:
680:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
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3601:Postdoctoral
3558:John Sulston
3553:David Stuart
3533:Anne Johnson
3471:Mark Walport
3435:James Thomas
3382:Fiona Powrie
3265:
3223:
3054:
3042:
2949:Nexus format
2944:NeXML format
2939:FASTQ format
2934:FASTA format
2922:File formats
2684:Institutions
2537:
2389:. Retrieved
2385:the original
2380:
2371:
2336:
2332:
2322:
2279:
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2264:
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2217:
2207:
2172:
2168:
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2108:
2098:
2086:. Retrieved
2082:the original
2071:
2036:
2032:
2022:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1941:(1): 38–41.
1938:
1934:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1771:
1756:
1736:
1719:
1718:(mosquito),
1715:
1714:(fruitfly),
1709:
1686:
1680:
1669:
1657:
1648:Cyclostomata
1646:
1623:
1525:
1506:Nile tilapia
1406:electric eel
1346:blue tilapia
1342:blind barbel
1318:atlantic cod
1310:Amazon molly
1299:
1289:
1276:Lissamphibia
1274:
1192:muscovy duck
1140:golden eagle
1044:
1010:indian cobra
954:
938:
906:
886:
862:
856:yarkand deer
756:domestic yak
716:beluga whale
682:
668:steppe mouse
660:Ryukyu mouse
652:prairie vole
616:kangaroo rat
555:
541:
507:green monkey
423:
416:
409:
402:
391:
379:
372:
364:
341:
329:
314:
291:
284:
252:
205:
193:
162:
142:
113:
112:
83:
49:
18:
3548:David Steel
3543:Peter Rigby
3518:Roger Gibbs
3503:Harold Cook
3473:(2003–2013)
3467:(1998–2008)
3461:(1991–1998)
3455:(1965–1991)
3429:Kathy Poole
3426:Nick Moakes
3225:Big Picture
2929:CRAM format
2850:(CSIR-IGIB)
2423:Pre-Ensembl
1722:(mosquito)
1664:), hagfish
1662:sea lamprey
1636:zebra mbuna
1604:tongue sole
1584:spotted gar
1394:common carp
1390:coho salmon
1354:brown trout
1268:zebra finch
1006:green anole
908:Marsupialia
840:sperm whale
772:giant panda
732:Canada lynx
664:shrew mouse
483:mouse lemur
346:and a Perl
126:vertebrates
46:Description
3652:Categories
3603:Fellowship
3595:Fellowship
3538:Roy Porter
3523:Henry Dale
3508:Kay Davies
3438:Ed Whiting
3423:Tim Livett
3411:Alyson Fox
3402:Chris Bird
3363:Alan Brown
3313:UK Biobank
3015:Sequencing
2979:GTF format
2974:GFF format
2969:VCF format
2959:SAM format
2722:(EMBL-EBI)
2648:SOAP suite
2568:VectorBase
2530:BioNumbers
2516:Swiss-Prot
1865:References
1640:zigzag eel
1560:round goby
1536:pike-perch
1386:coelacanth
1248:swan goose
1228:silver-eye
1072:budgerigar
940:Monotremes
864:Afrotheria
816:polar bear
720:blue whale
549:tree shrew
543:Scandentia
455:chimpanzee
306:homologues
298:amino acid
294:karyotypes
263:SARS-CoV-2
173:annotation
165:base pairs
3432:Jim Smith
2842:(ISCB-SC)
2812:(EMBL-AR)
2745:(MPI-CBG)
2486:Databases
2296:1362-4962
2238:1362-4962
2131:1088-9051
1774:CC BY 4.0
1671:Tunicates
1632:zebrafish
1592:tetraodon
1588:swamp eel
1544:platyfish
1502:mummichog
1156:great tit
896:Armadillo
888:Xenarthra
612:guineapig
519:orangutan
220:zebrafish
145:databases
3638:Category
3333:WormBase
3278:Farmcare
3256:DECIPHER
3044:Category
2914:(RECOMB)
2864:Meetings
2818:(EMBnet)
2668:Server:
2643:SAMtools
2638:PANGOLIN
2601:Software
2580:PHI-base
2572:WormBase
2542:InterPro
2391:5 August
2363:15123588
2314:31598706
2256:19033362
2199:28365736
2169:Database
2149:15123590
2088:7 August
2063:19906699
2014:21045057
1965:11752248
1913:31691826
1823:See also
1556:reedfish
1474:lumpfish
1426:goldfish
1300:Teleosts
1068:blue tit
956:Reptilia
948:Platypus
872:Elephant
852:wild yak
808:microbat
780:hedgehog
513:, olive
451:capuchin
447:bushbaby
425:Primates
411:Mammalia
404:Chordata
397:Species
259:COVID-19
248:protists
244:bacteria
216:fruitfly
210:such as
143:Similar
103:.ensembl
3273:Ensembl
3113:Current
3056:Commons
2891:(InCoB)
2836:(ISCB)
2824:(INSDC)
2806:(ASBCB)
2710:(DBCLS)
2704:(COSBI)
2618:Clustal
2564:FlyBase
2538:Ensembl
2512:UniProt
2494:GenBank
2305:6943047
2247:2686571
2190:5467575
2054:2808936
2005:3013672
1904:7145704
1701:Insects
1184:mallard
1080:chicken
1034:tuatara
932:wallaby
924:opossum
848:vaquita
824:red fox
812:narwhal
804:megabat
800:meerkat
788:leopard
752:dolphin
531:tarsier
499:gorilla
479:macaque
375:BioMart
352:scripts
232:metazoa
181:protein
159:History
138:genomic
122:genomes
96:Website
82:Yates,
56:Contact
50:Ensembl
41:Content
3298:MEROPS
3241:ChEMBL
3178:Former
2897:(CIBB)
2885:(ISMB)
2879:(ECCB)
2856:(JSBi)
2762:(NBIC)
2751:(NCBI)
2739:(JCVI)
2728:(EMBL)
2716:(DDBJ)
2670:ExPASy
2653:TopHat
2633:MUSCLE
2623:EMBOSS
2613:Bowtie
2588:GISAID
2548:, and
2520:TrEMBL
2361:
2354:479122
2351:
2312:
2302:
2294:
2254:
2244:
2236:
2197:
2187:
2147:
2140:479124
2137:
2129:
2061:
2051:
2012:
2002:
1963:
1953:
1911:
1901:
1859:ENCODE
1608:turbot
1442:huchen
1252:turkey
1176:kakapo
880:tenrec
768:ferret
760:donkey
692:Alpaca
656:rabbit
557:Glires
515:baboon
491:gibbon
487:gelada
443:bonobo
246:, and
236:plants
91:Access
86:(2020)
84:et al.
3267:eLife
2908:(PSB)
2830:(ISB)
2779:(SIB)
2768:(PGC)
2698:(CBD)
2662:Other
2628:HMMER
2608:BLAST
1956:99161
1746:Yeast
1728:Worms
1434:guppy
1046:Birds
920:koala
900:sloth
876:hyrax
832:shrew
828:sheep
784:horse
744:dingo
632:mouse
475:human
471:drill
367:MySQL
323:, or
310:FASTA
302:trees
277:Gene
240:fungi
212:mouse
200:MySQL
169:genes
3308:Rfam
3303:Pfam
2590:and
2556:BOLD
2546:KEGG
2522:and
2504:and
2438:NCBI
2418:Vega
2393:2022
2359:PMID
2310:PMID
2292:ISSN
2252:PMID
2234:ISSN
2195:PMID
2173:2017
2145:PMID
2127:ISSN
2090:2022
2059:PMID
2010:PMID
1961:PMID
1909:PMID
1628:fugu
1264:zebu
1220:ruff
1116:duck
796:lion
764:goat
648:pika
596:degu
279:SGCB
218:and
196:Perl
151:and
149:NCBI
128:and
105:.org
2349:PMC
2341:doi
2300:PMC
2284:doi
2242:PMC
2226:doi
2185:PMC
2177:doi
2135:PMC
2117:doi
2049:PMC
2041:doi
2000:PMC
1992:doi
1951:PMC
1943:doi
1899:PMC
1891:doi
1630:),
1128:emu
820:pig
814:,
748:dog
740:cow
736:cat
714:,
644:rat
382:FTP
348:API
344:API
325:PSL
321:BED
317:BAM
185:DNA
183:to
179:of
101:www
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