432:“Every man has his own trencher, his manchet, knife, spoon and fork laid by it, and then a fair white napkin covering it, with his glass and pot of wine set by him. And the first mess, or antepast (as they call it)….is some fine meat to urge them to have an appetite….The fourth is roasted meat, of the daintiest provision that they can get, and sometimes stewed and baked meat....The first and last is sometimes cheese, sometimes preserved conceits, sometimes figs, almonds and raisins, a lemon and sugar, a pomegranate, or some such sweet gear; for they know that Englishmen loveth sweetmeats.”
1176:
1240:, representing in some sense the patronage bestowed on the College by every English king between the fourteenth century and the Protestant Reformation. During this period the Warden of the College was often England's Ambassador to the Holy See. The shell at the bottom of the arms is the traditional emblem of the pilgrim and recalls the origins of the present institution as a hospice for English visitors to Rome. The motto "
406:, equating the jungles of heathen South America with the woods of Protestant England. What they wanted was a house of studies preparing ordinands for immediate mission. For over a year, the two factions circulated petitions and memorials, including one that called the Welsh barbarous savages who dwelt in a remote mountainous corner of Britain. Students waylaid the Pope to ask for his assistance, and the future Martyr,
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976:, fled to Sienna and the students of the College left were sent back to England. The College buildings were sacked, turned into a barracks and finally a police station. The church roof was used as a supply of timber and the lead coffins were taken up from the crypt and melted down to make bullets. Mass obligations were farmed out to neighbouring churches.
304:, Archbishop of York and Papal Legate, who was poisoned by one of his chaplains at the Hospice on 7 July 1514 and whose magnificent marble tomb remains in the College Church. Robert Neweton, described in 1399 as chaplain procurator of the Hospice of the Holy Trinity & St Thomas the Martyr, may have been a warden as might William Holdernes (fl. 1396)
398:(Morus Clynnog), was made perpetual warden in 1578, an appointment unpopular with both the students and the Hospice chaplains, whom he had just expelled. He was accused of unduly favouring his Welsh fellow-countrymen at the expense of the English students, who numbered thirty-three as against seven Welsh students. Clenock, together with
402:, an influential curial official, saw the new College as a home for exiles which would wait for the restoration of the old order. Students were encouraged to learn Italian so that they could take up posts in Italy while they waited for England's conversion. However, many of the students shared the missionary ideals of the
1253:
conservation, it was once classified as a water storage facility, and a remnant of this former association survives in the
College slang term for the pool, the tank. The garden contains a number of Roman columns and other pieces of classical stonework, as well as pillars and window frames from the 14th-century Chapel.
933:
was received by the Rector and attended Mass here. A rumour spread around Rome that the Prince had been crowned during the service and proclaimed as
Charles III. The Pope, who had recently withdrawn his support for the Stuart cause, was furious and dismissed the Rector. However, Jacobite sympathies
1252:
Although located in central Rome, the
College possesses an extensive garden (laid out substantially as it was in the days of the Martyrs) and a swimming pool, recently refurbished with the aid of the Friends of the Venerabile. As swimming pools were for many years prohibited for reasons of water
279:
The
Hospice of St Thomas grew into the major centre for English visitors and residents in Rome. In 1376 a Chapel was erected on the site of the present College Church, and remnants of the impressive structure still remain in the College Garden. The new Chapel attracted royal patronage and by the
275:
through which they had come to pass. Innkeepers gave rooms designed to accommodate four people to groups of eight or more and often treated the pilgrims with violence and extortion. Many had drowned in the Tiber after the collapse of a temporary bridge and others died from the disease endemic to
447:
The
College has been known as the "Venerable English College" since 1818 because of the 44 students who were martyred for the Roman Catholic faith between 1581 and 1679, as well as the 130 who suffered imprisonment and exile. Forty of these have since been canonised or beatified by the Church.
545:'s supposed visit to Britain and ended with the College martyrs, their sufferings shown in graphic detail. Copies of these frescoes can be seen in the tribune, and afforded important evidence of contemporary veneration of the martyrs during the process of their beatification and canonisation.
479:. His name stands first in the famous Liber Ruber (a list of students who took the missionary oath in Rome before returning to England), where he is recorded as saying that he was ready, "today rather than tomorrow, at a sign from his superiors to go into England for the helping of souls".
367:(now in France) in 1568 and had drawn to it 40 students. Its first students arrived there from Douai in 1577 and Gregory XIII issued the Bull of Foundation in 1579. The Pope gave the new English College a yearly grant and property, including the Abbey of San Savino at
1244:" ( "I have come to bring fire to the earth", Luke 12:49) is taken from the Martyrs' Picture, which hangs behind the altar in the College church and reflects the zeal with which the first Martyrs returned to possible death in Protestant England and Wales.
1191:
On 1 December 2012 (Martyrs' Day – its annual commemoration of former students who had suffered martyrdom), the
College celebrated the 650th anniversary of the foundation of the original hospice on the site with a concelebrated Mass at which the
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celebrated Mass in the Church and joined the students for a festive banquet in the refectory. The
College Church, having been rebuilt in 1888, was finally dedicated on 1 December 1981, the fourth centenary of the martyrdom of St Ralph Sherwin.
902:
designed the fresco of the
Assumption in the domestic chapel, for which, as College documents attest, he was paid 22 scudi. Between 1682 and 1694 part of the College site was rebuilt as a Palazzo by the Cardinal Protector of Great Britain,
311:, who visited in 1416. In 1481, 218 pilgrims stayed here, and during the plague of 1482, the Hospice cared for 96 sick pilgrims. However, two events in the early sixteenth century led to a radical decline in the fortunes of the Hospice.
1231:
used in conjunction with the silver key (symbolising the power of St Peter's successor to bind and loose on earth) and the golden key (symbolising the power of St Peter's successor to bind and loose in heaven). Cardinal Allen and Pope
410:, drew his sword in the refectory (the kitchen of the present-day building). In April 1579, the Pope appointed a Jesuit, Alfonso Agazzari rector, leaving Clenock still warden of the hospital. Jesuits remained in charge until 1773.
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World War II resulted in a second period of exile for the
College. Dressed in civilian clothes, courtesy of the stageman, the house left Rome on 16 May 1940 and narrowly secured places on the last boat for England from
318:
in 1527 troops of the Holy Roman
Emperor broke into the Hospice and carried away the greater part of its gold and silver ware, its movable property and its extensive archive of papers and manuscripts. The decision of
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the institution had become known as "The King's Hospice", with a Warden appointed by the Crown. Evidence of this early royal connection may be seen in the present-day building, which contains a corbel of
482:
His time soon came, and within four months of landing, he was captured, imprisoned, tortured and finally hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn on 1 December 1581. Many others followed – including St
1435:
Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40/555; (1 Henry IV); first entry: Robtus Neweton capellanus p'curator hospitalis Ste Trinitat' & Sti Thome Martiris in urbe Romana
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The College, without staff or students, survived the Napoleonic period: account books and legal meetings continued throughout the period, largely due to the support of the Cardinal Protector,
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their rat-infested lodgings. The foundation of the Hospice was in direct response to this situation, with the stated aim of caring for "poor, infirm, needy and wretched persons from England".
564:, on the right. Blood from Christ’s wounds is shown falling onto a map of the British Isles, and from this blood fire is springing up. This ties in with the College motto, held by a cherub:
1456:"Kempe, Margery (c. 1373 – c. 1440 )." British Writers: Supplement 12. Ed. Jay Parini. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2007. 167–183. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 23 October 2013
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The last College martyr suffered in 1679. Two years later most of the College was rebuilt, although plans to build a new oval church with a double dome never materialised. The Jesuit
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brought darker days. Acting as little more than a refuge for a few decrepit chaplains and exiles, the Hospice spent less than a tenth of its income on welcoming guests.
267:, had exposed the notorious shortcomings of accommodation in the Eternal City. English pilgrims had paid extortionate prices to stay in damp and filthy hostels far from
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is sung in front of the painting on 1 December, “Martyrs’ Day”, and the relics of the Martyrs, preserved beneath the Altar, are venerated by the students.
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in which a consciousness of Imperial superiority was tempered by a deep affection for Italy and all things Italian. Students put on concerts, plays and
1098:
sent a signed photograph to the students during his visit to Rome exactly twenty years later. The products of this healthy regime, including Cardinals
827:
1307:
1469:, The Grand Tour and the Great Rebellion: Richard Lassels and 'The Voyage of Italy in the Seventeenth Century (Geneva: Slatkine, 1985), passim
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During the 237 years of its existence, the English Hospice received many thousands of pilgrims, one of the most famous being the mystic,
1123:, Hinsley saved the College from a scheme of the Rome city planners to destroy some of the buildings to make room for a covered market.
1629:
521:, the "Second Apostle of Rome", who lived opposite the College at S. Girolamo della CaritĂ , used to greet the students with the words "
1236:, who co-founded the College, are represented by the dragon rampant and the three hares. The two Lions Rampant come from the arms of
490:, the "Priest of the Plague" (1645). The last College martyrdoms were in 1679 during the anti-Roman Catholic hysteria following the "
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quarter of Rome in 1362 when the English community in Rome purchased a house from the rosary sellers John and Alice Shephard. The
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The College's coat of arms follows ecclesiastical usage. It features the symbol of the Pope's apostolic authority, namely, the
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471:, Oxford, before leaving for Douai and then Rome, where, like every subsequent generation of seminarists, he studied at the
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Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40/541; year 1396; third entry, with "london" in the margin
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The College soon gained a reputation as a nursery of Martyrs. A custom arose of a student preaching before the Pope every
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in 1870, the College was slightly damaged by cannon fire, as it had been in 1849, and students sheltered in the cellar.
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425:. Coming to Rome in 1578 with a friend, Thomas Nowell, he stayed at the College and later published his impressions in
371:. The tradition of hospitality continued, and the College received several eminent guests, including the philosopher,
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1074:(1929–39), who both later became Cardinal Archbishops of Westminster. They encouraged a highly Anglicised type of
568:(I have come to bring fire to the earth). According to tradition, students gathered around this picture to sing a
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in 1580, just after the foundation of the College, and depicts the Blessed Trinity with two English martyrs: St
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Wiseman succeeded in making the College a centre of intellectual and social life. He became a professor of
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548:“The Martyrs’ Picture” is the first thing one notices upon entering the College church. It was painted by
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which students had used since the seventeenth century. In 1926, with the help of front page support from
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whenever news reached Rome of the martyrdom of a former student. This custom continues today when the
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called the College the "Pontifical Seminary of Martyrs" in his St Stephen's sermon of 1581. St
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were present as representatives of the Queen, together with the Archbishop of Westminster,
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An interesting description of life in the early days of the seminary comes from the pen of
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1208:, a former Rector of the College. This celebration was followed by a papal audience with
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visited the college, along with Archbishop Nichols, during the Prince's European tour.
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Hinsley did a great deal of restructuring work, including the buying of a new villa at
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Division and disorder overhung the first years of the English College. A Welshman,
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to break with Rome almost entirely impeded the flow of English pilgrims to Rome.
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96:
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1090:(Who Knows?), in which the Superiors of the College were mercilessly satirised.
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operas, organised debates and societies, and ran a successful in-house journal,
996:, who subsequently became rector at the age of 27 (1828) and the first Cardinal
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took over the Hospice in the year 1538 and placed it in the hands of Cardinal
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The English Hospice of the Most Holy Trinity and St Thomas was founded in the
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painted a series of frescoes of English saints and martyrs which began with
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Lamb, Christopher. "Fire Breaks Out in Rome's Venerable English College",
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Cronin, Charles. "The English College, in Rome." The Catholic Encyclopedia
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from 1941 to 1944. Students continued classes and seminary life first at
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961:. The College passed under the supervision of Italian secular priests.
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1565:
Letter from Pope John Paul II for the Fourth Centenary of the College
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1119:
1113:. This former Franciscan Friary replaced the cramped summer house at
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laid the foundation stone of a new College Church, designed by Count
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435:
On returning to England, Munday turned informer and helped to betray
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272:
957:, was imprisoned in the College for a month before being removed to
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and a stone shield, both bearing the arms of the Plantagenet Kings.
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368:
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Sermon by Pope John Paul II on the Fourth Centenary of the College
934:
lingered on in the College until the death of the last Pretender,
533:, paid tribute to the English martyrs in his 1585 revision of the
1516:
Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 18 February 2018
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and received many distinguished visitors to the College, such as
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During the eighteenth century, the College attached itself to
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or English College. Allen had already founded a seminary, the
16:
Seminary for English and Welsh Catholic priests in Rome, Italy
364:
355:
converted the moribund Hospice into a seminary, known as the
84:
429:(1582). Here he describes a typical dinner at the College;
949:, which until then had run the affairs of the College. The
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1549:
1498:. Vol. 11. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 37.
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107:
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882:
1204:, and the Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Westminster,
1179:
Interior of the Church of the Venerable English College
1106:, were to lead English Roman Catholics into the 1970s.
442:
486:, the Jesuit poet (1595), and his fellow Jesuit St
342:
1600:Educational institutions established in the 1570s
246:
234:The current Rector is Rev. Stephen Wang from the
1586:
988:, nephew of Pius VI. In 1818 an English rector,
525:" (Hail! flowers of the Martyrs), and the great
1620:14th-century establishments in the Papal States
1267:Category:Rectors of the English College, Rome
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979:
878:Cardinal Howard and the "king over the water"
1183:In 1979, on the College's fourth centenary,
1066:The inter-war period saw the rectorships of
1147:, returning to Rome in the autumn of 1946.
922:, were occasional visitors to the College.
1353:(1645–1694), an English Benedictine monk.
929:" (James Francis Edward Stuart) in 1766,
219:, Italy, for the training of priests for
76:Via di Monserrato, 45; Roma, Italia 00186
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1507:
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1163:(1962–65), as they had done during the
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33:Click on the map for a fullscreen view
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1419:
1417:
1415:
1263:Category:English College, Rome alumni
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375:, (26 December 1635), the physician,
1605:Catholic Church in England and Wales
1424:"History", Venerable English College
1271:
475:, which later became the Pontifical
1222:
1029:Hugues Felicité Robert de Lamennais
513:on the theme of Martyrdom. Blessed
347:In 1576, with the encouragement of
13:
1472:
1412:
443:The age of the martyrs (1581–1679)
14:
1651:
1630:History of Catholicism in England
1570:National Archives College Details
1538:
1256:
1170:
1159:stayed at the College during the
1094:visited the College in 1903, and
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451:The College's Protomartyr was St
1495:Dictionary of National Biography
925:Shortly after the death of the "
343:Foundation of the college (1579)
1545:Venerable English College, Rome
1328:Archbishop Patrick Altham Kelly
1303:Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O'Connor
1298:Cardinal William Theodore Heard
785:Bl. Thomas Tichborne S.J., 1602
618:William Lacey (Catholic priest)
204:), commonly referred to as the
1519:
1459:
1450:
1439:
1428:
1278:Cardinal Francis Aidan Gasquet
1033:Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire
945:was persuaded to suppress the
463:, around 1550 and educated at
247:St Thomas' Hospice (1362–1579)
1:
1615:1362 establishments in Europe
1580:Interactive Nolli Map Website
1405:
1625:1579 establishments in Italy
1550:The College Villa, Palazzola
1359:, benefactor of the Jesuits.
1242:Ignem Veni Mittere In Terram
1086:, as well as the periodical
936:Henry, Cardinal Duke of York
566:Ignem veni mittere in terram
223:. It was founded in 1579 by
7:
1385:English College, Valladolid
1363:
1323:Cardinal Michael Fitzgerald
298:Royal College of Physicians
202:Venerabile Collegio Inglese
57:41.89564667°N 12.46989583°E
10:
1656:
1338:
1260:
1151:The Second Vatican Council
1035:. One of his students was
980:Wiseman and the golden age
968:invaded Italy and in 1798
782:Bl. Robert Watkinson, 1602
644:Bl. Thomas Hemerford, 1584
556:on the left-hand side and
439:and other Jesuit priests.
241:
1555:Friends of the Venerabile
1485:"Clenocke, Maurice"
1482:Cooper, Clenocke (1887).
1318:Archbishop Paul Gallagher
1157:English and Welsh bishops
1017:Thomas Babington Macaulay
998:Archbishop of Westminster
387:(1646), and the diarist,
194:Venerable English College
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27:Venerable English College
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1390:The Scots College (Rome)
1333:Cardinal Vincent Nichols
1293:Cardinal William Godfrey
1217:Charles, Prince of Wales
972:entered Rome. The Pope,
537:. In the College church
427:The English Romayne Life
415:The English Romayne Life
62:41.89564667; 12.46989583
21:Church in Italia , Italy
1395:San Silvestro in Capite
1380:English College, Lisbon
1288:Cardinal Arthur Hinsley
1283:Cardinal Francis Bourne
1143:and then at the Jesuit
1021:William Ewart Gladstone
986:Romoaldo Braschi-Onesti
886:Plan for an oval church
802:Bl. Richard Smith, 1612
523:Salvete Flores Martyrum
1375:English College, Douai
1345:Christopher Bainbridge
1206:Cormac Murphy-O'Connor
1180:
1161:Second Vatican Council
951:General of the Jesuits
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887:
632:Robert Nutter (priest)
543:St Joseph of Arimathea
302:Christopher Bainbridge
236:Diocese of Westminster
229:English College, Douai
201:
142:Cardinal William Allen
1640:Henry Benedict Stuart
1635:Charles Edward Stuart
1595:English College, Rome
1465:For all of these see
1308:Norman St John-Stevas
1198:Duchess of Gloucester
1178:
1165:First Vatican Council
1039:who later joined the
931:Charles Edward Stuart
893:
885:
1400:List of Jesuit sites
1212:on 3 December 2012.
1080:Gilbert and Sullivan
1025:Henry Edward Manning
639:John Munden (priest)
554:Thomas of Canterbury
529:historian, Cardinal
477:Gregorian University
257:Jubilee Year of 1350
227:on the model of the
1052:Virginio Vespignani
907:, third son of the
580:The college martyrs
269:St Peter's Basilica
53: /
1248:The college garden
1181:
1145:Stonyhurst College
1009:University of Rome
959:Castel Sant'Angelo
896:
888:
663:Christopher Buxton
539:Niccolò Circignani
417:and Anthony Munday
379:(1636), the poets
357:Collegium Anglorum
1313:Sir Anthony Kenny
1272:Twentieth century
1210:Pope Benedict XVI
1013:John Henry Newman
698:Christopher Bales
455:. He was born in
296:, founder of the
292:Wardens included
221:England and Wales
190:
189:
186:Rev. Stephen Wang
132:Pope Gregory XIII
130:23 April 1579 by
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1133:Knights of Malta
1037:Ignatius Spencer
994:Nicholas Wiseman
970:General Berthier
947:Society of Jesus
894:Drawing by Pozzo
777:Thomas Tichborne
768:Robert Middleton
754:Robert Southwell
705:Polydore Plasden
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1056:Capture of Rome
990:Robert Gradwell
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909:Earl of Arundel
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828:Brian Tansfield
790:Edward Oldcorne
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550:Durante Alberti
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396:Maurice Clenock
385:Richard Crashaw
361:English College
345:
300:, and Cardinal
265:Pope Clement VI
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206:English College
154:English Martyrs
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1575:The Forty Four
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1518:
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1471:
1458:
1449:
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1427:
1410:
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1407:
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1403:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
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1365:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1357:George Gilbert
1354:
1348:
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1337:
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1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
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1280:
1273:
1270:
1258:
1257:College alumni
1255:
1249:
1246:
1224:
1221:
1215:In April 2017
1172:
1171:Recent history
1169:
1152:
1149:
1084:The Venerabile
1070:(1917–29) and
1068:Arthur Hinsley
1063:
1062:The World Wars
1060:
981:
978:
879:
876:
874:
873:
866:
859:
856:Anthony Turner
852:
845:
838:
831:
824:
817:
810:
803:
800:
793:
786:
783:
780:
771:
764:
757:
750:
743:
736:
733:John Cornelius
729:
726:Thomas Pormort
722:
719:Joseph Lambton
715:
708:
701:
694:
687:
680:
673:
666:
659:
652:
649:George Haydock
645:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
591:
583:
581:
578:
531:Cesare Baronio
515:John Cornelius
504:Anthony Turner
469:Exeter College
444:
441:
437:Edmund Campion
423:Anthony Munday
418:
412:
377:William Harvey
344:
341:
294:Thomas Linacre
248:
245:
243:
240:
188:
187:
184:
178:
177:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
159:Administration
156:
155:
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145:
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139:
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128:
121:
120:
116:
115:
104:
100:
99:
97:Roman Catholic
94:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
48:12°28′11.625″E
45:41°53′44.328″N
36:
35:
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29:
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20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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1531:
1530:, 31 May 2017
1529:
1522:
1515:
1510:
1508:
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1497:
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1478:
1476:
1468:
1467:Edward Chaney
1462:
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1199:
1195:
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1177:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1141:Lake District
1138:
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1124:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
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1077:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:In 1866 Pope
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
977:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
955:Lorenzo Ricci
952:
948:
944:
939:
937:
932:
928:
927:Old Pretender
923:
921:
917:
912:
910:
906:
905:Philip Howard
901:
892:
884:
871:
867:
864:
860:
857:
853:
850:
846:
843:
842:John Woodcock
839:
836:
832:
829:
825:
822:
821:Edward Morgan
818:
815:
814:John Lockwood
811:
808:
804:
801:
798:
794:
791:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
765:
762:
761:Henry Walpole
758:
755:
751:
748:
747:Edward Thwing
744:
741:
737:
734:
730:
727:
723:
720:
716:
713:
712:Eustace White
709:
706:
702:
699:
695:
692:
688:
685:
684:Robert Morton
681:
678:
677:Richard Leigh
674:
671:
667:
664:
660:
657:
653:
650:
646:
643:
640:
636:
633:
629:
626:
622:
619:
615:
612:
608:
605:
601:
598:
597:Thomas Cottam
595:
592:
589:
588:Ralph Sherwin
585:
584:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
473:Roman College
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
453:Ralph Sherwin
449:
440:
438:
433:
430:
428:
424:
416:
411:
409:
408:Ralph Sherwin
405:
401:
397:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:Thomas Hobbes
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
353:William Allen
350:
340:
338:
334:
330:
329:Reginald Pole
326:
325:Pope Paul III
322:
317:
312:
310:
309:Margery Kempe
305:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
283:
277:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
239:
237:
232:
230:
226:
225:William Allen
222:
218:
214:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
185:
183:
179:
174:
171:
168:
166:
162:
157:
153:
150:
146:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
127:
122:
117:
113:
105:
101:
98:
95:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
75:
71:
66:
37:
30:
25:
19:
1527:
1521:
1493:
1461:
1452:
1441:
1430:
1370:Beda College
1251:
1241:
1229:Triple Tiara
1226:
1214:
1190:
1185:John Paul II
1182:
1154:
1125:
1118:
1115:Monte Porzio
1108:
1087:
1083:
1065:
1045:
1002:
983:
963:
940:
924:
920:Palazzo Muti
913:
900:Andrea Pozzo
897:
872:O.F.M., 1679
844:O.F.M., 1646
670:Edward James
625:William Hart
573:
569:
565:
547:
522:
508:
481:
465:Eton College
450:
446:
434:
431:
426:
420:
414:
393:
356:
349:Gregory XIII
346:
316:Sack of Rome
313:
306:
291:
278:
250:
233:
205:
193:
191:
124:Authorising
92:Denomination
18:
1234:Gregory XVI
1167:(1869–70).
1041:Passionists
943:Clement XIV
938:, in 1807.
863:David Lewis
849:Edward Mico
835:Henry Morse
807:John Thules
797:John Almond
740:John Ingram
691:Edmund Duke
562:East Anglia
535:martyrology
519:Philip Neri
496:David Lewis
492:Popish Plot
488:Henry Morse
389:John Evelyn
383:(1638) and
381:John Milton
337:Elizabeth I
314:During the
263:offered by
165:Archdiocese
60: /
1589:Categories
1528:the Tablet
1406:References
1261:See also:
1238:Edward III
1092:Edward VII
1088:Chi Lo Sa?
916:Jacobitism
865:S.J., 1679
858:S.J., 1679
851:S.J., 1678
837:S.J., 1645
830:S.J., 1643
763:S.J., 1595
756:S.J., 1595
735:S.J., 1594
611:John Shert
604:Luke Kirby
560:, King of
506:suffered.
461:Derbyshire
400:Owen Lewis
321:Henry VIII
261:Indulgence
138:Founder(s)
126:papal bull
1137:Ambleside
1120:The Times
1111:Palazzola
1076:Romanitas
870:John Wall
656:John Lowe
558:St Edmund
527:Oratorian
500:John Wall
287:fumed oak
282:Henry VII
280:reign of
273:Holy Door
1364:See also
1129:Le Havre
1096:George V
1000:(1850).
966:Napoleon
964:In 1796
941:In 1773
494:", when
391:(1644).
369:Piacenza
271:and the
213:seminary
210:Catholic
110:.vecrome
73:Location
1492:(ed.).
1339:Burials
1139:in the
1100:Griffin
1048:Pius IX
1007:at the
974:Pius VI
574:Te Deum
570:Te Deum
467:and at
457:Rodsley
242:History
208:, is a
198:Italian
119:History
103:Website
81:Country
1104:Heenan
1005:Syriac
823:, 1642
816:, 1642
809:, 1616
799:, 1612
792:, 1606
779:, 1602
770:, 1601
749:, 1594
742:, 1594
728:, 1592
721:, 1592
714:, 1591
707:, 1591
700:, 1590
693:, 1590
686:, 1588
679:, 1588
672:, 1588
665:, 1588
658:, 1586
651:, 1584
641:, 1584
634:, 1584
627:, 1583
620:, 1582
613:, 1582
606:, 1582
599:, 1582
590:, 1581
333:Mary I
253:Regola
182:Rector
176:Clergy
149:Relics
1488:. In
847:Ven.
826:Ven.
819:Ven.
365:Douai
85:Italy
1265:and
1196:and
1194:Duke
1155:The
1102:and
1031:and
854:Bl.
840:Bl.
812:Bl.
805:Bl.
788:Bl.
774:Ven.
766:Bl.
745:Bl.
738:Bl.
731:Bl.
724:Bl.
717:Bl.
696:Bl.
689:Bl.
682:Bl.
675:Bl.
668:Bl.
661:Bl.
654:Bl.
647:Bl.
637:Bl.
630:Bl.
623:Bl.
616:Bl.
609:Bl.
502:and
217:Rome
192:The
170:Rome
151:held
112:.org
868:St
861:St
833:St
795:St
759:St
752:St
710:St
703:St
602:St
586:St
363:at
351:,
215:in
108:www
1591::
1504:^
1474:^
1414:^
1043:.
1027:,
1023:,
1019:,
1015:,
953:,
594:Bl
498:,
459:,
238:.
231:.
200::
196:(
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