Knowledge

Energy in Wales

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In January 2023, plans of a new Swansea tidal lagoon project called "Blue Eden" emerged but this time fully funded by the private sector. It would include an electric battery manufacturing plant, battery storage facility, a tidal lagoon in Swansea Bay with a floating solar farm, data storage centre,
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In 2018, the annual production of electricity in Wales was 30.2 TWh and consumed 14.9 TWh, which means that Wales generates twice as much electricity as it consumes and is a net exporter of electricity to England, Ireland and Europe. In the same year, 25% was from renewable sources, up from 22% in
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In 2017, the Welsh Government announced a target of meeting 70% of Wales’ electricity demand from Welsh renewable electricity sources by 2030. By 2018, Wales generated over 3,864 MW renewable energy from 68,728 projects. In 2021, the Welsh government said that more than half the country's energy
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are not renewables; historically, the economy of Wales has been driven by fossil fuels. The coal industry in Wales had reached large proportions by the end of the eighteenth century, and then further expanded to supply steam-coal for the
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was at its peak in 1913 and was one of the largest coalfields in the world. In 2019 the percentage of electricity generated from coal was only 2% of total electricity generated. The last
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set a target of 70% by 2030. In 2019, Wales was a net exporter of electricity. It produced 27.9 TWh of electricity while only consuming 14.7 TWh. The natural resource base for
1887: 705: 159:. Wales has a long history of renewable energy: in the 1880s, the first house in Wales with electric lighting powered from its own hydro-electric power station was in 215:
was proposed, to generate electricity. However, in June 2018, the UK Government withdrew support for the plan due to independent study showing it to be not viable.
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Wales is a net exporter of electricity, having consumed approximately 14.7 TWh (1) of electricity in 2019, while generating approximately 27.9 TWh.
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generated more than 50% of its electricity consumption as renewable electricity, an increase from 19% in 2014. The
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production facility, an oceanic and climate change research centre. The project could start within 18 months.
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The total capacity of electricity generated from fossil fuels was 7.4 GW and came from three sources:
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was constructed, providing a large scale generation of hydroelectricity, and in November 1973, the
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set the world price for steam-coal and Cardiff became a major coal-exporting port. The
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needs were being met by renewable sources, 2 percent of which was from 363
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in Wales was at Aberthaw, which finally closed its doors in March 2020.
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Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales
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encompasses a broad mix of technologies including Coal (e.g.
19: 436:"Climate change: Private hydropower schemes 'on cliff edge'" 473:"UK water industry 'could fund' £1.3bn Swansea Bay scheme" 243:
officially opened the onshore substation in October 2023.
522:"Morlais tidal project on Anglesey gets £31m EU funding" 83:that were beginning to trade around the world. The 317: 258: 256: 321:Collieries of Wales: Engineering and Architecture 2478: 253: 1964: 1130: 583: 59:), solar thermal/PV and biomass electricity. 201: 66:Dinorwig Power station (hydro-electric dam). 235:tidal stream project, on the west coast of 182: 30:is the production of electricity in Wales. 16:Overview of electricity production in Wales 1971: 1957: 1137: 1123: 590: 576: 33: 470: 427: 122: 61: 18: 226: 206: 147:standards, with the core sources being 2479: 433: 1952: 1118: 911: 818: 688: 571: 311: 262: 1978: 1144: 383:"Renewable energy progress in Wales" 2231:Interministerial Standing Committee 597: 112: 13: 2298:Constitution of the United Kingdom 14: 2503: 2314:Proposed further Welsh devolution 1388:Department for Business and Trade 1383:Competition and Markets Authority 354:"Energy Generation in Wales 2019" 351: 264:"Energy Generation in Wales 2018" 173:Centre for Alternative Technology 2459: 2447: 2435: 2253:Devolution Directorate-General ( 1989:Devolution in the United Kingdom 1933: 1932: 1430:Office for Budget Responsibility 1097: 1085: 1075: 1074: 471:McIntyre, Fiona (July 3, 2018). 1354:Governor of the Bank of England 539: 514: 489: 410:Energy Generation in Wales 2019 70: 2221:Welsh Affairs Select Committee 1271:Monmouthshire Building Society 620:Distribution network operators 464: 450: 434:Duggan, Craig (2 March 2021). 401: 285: 127:Wind turbine, Carno Wind farm. 1: 2355:Parliament for Wales Campaign 1276:Principality Building Society 1163:Economy of the United Kingdom 246: 189:Environmental issues in Wales 2400:Parties represented in Wales 2204:Legislative Competence Order 610:Energy in the United Kingdom 213:tidal lagoon for Swansea Bay 23:Wylfa nuclear power station. 7: 1413:Chancellor of the Exchequer 1393:Financial Conduct Authority 318:Hughes, Stephen R. (1994). 293:"The Battle for Cefn Croes" 10: 2508: 2199:Legislative consent motion 643:Western Power Distribution 186: 116: 2430: 2399: 2373: 2337: 2306: 2275: 2240:UK Government departments 2239: 2213: 2131: 2101: 2076:UK Parliament commissions 2075: 2068: 2028: 1995: 1986: 1928: 1877: 1677: 1595: 1532: 1473: 1440:UK Trade & Investment 1425:Monetary Policy Committee 1331: 1324: 1294: 1261:Development Bank of Wales 1247: 1238: 1198: 1172: 1152: 1070: 1057:Renewable energy in Wales 1049: 1027: 1007: 941: 932: 902: 877: 868: 809: 784: 768: 732: 723: 679: 670: 618: 605: 202:Renewable energy projects 119:Renewable energy in Wales 2246:Devolution Secretariat ( 2165:St David's Day Agreement 1842:Housing and construction 1513:Welsh Development Agency 1491:Minister for the Economy 1403:HM Revenue & Customs 1281:Swansea Building Society 183:Renewable energy targets 169:Ffestiniog Power Station 93:coal-fired power station 2422:Welsh Liberal Democrats 1540:Regional economic deals 1498:Welsh Revenue Authority 1435:UK Statistics Authority 2132:Devolution legislation 1815:Science and technology 1418:Debt Management Office 1312:Other commercial banks 128: 67: 55:), hydro-electricity ( 41:Electricity generation 34:Electricity production 24: 2374:Proposed alternatives 2226:Welsh Grand Committee 2187:statutory instruments 2083:Kilbrandon Commission 1662:Trades Union Congress 1185:State-owned companies 551:North Wales Chronicle 126: 89:South Wales Coalfield 85:Cardiff Coal Exchange 65: 22: 1908:Full fiscal autonomy 1208:Welsh fiscal balance 227:Morlais tidal stream 207:Swansea tidal lagoon 2412:Welsh Conservatives 2255:Ministry of Justice 1724:Water privatisation 1223:Banking and finance 2114:Holtham Commission 2109:Richard Commission 2102:Senedd commissions 1904:Economic autonomy 1572:Economy of Swansea 1567:Economy of Cardiff 1465:Business ownership 477:New Civil Engineer 363:. Welsh Government 299:on 12 October 2007 273:. Welsh Government 129: 102:gas power (5.6 GW) 68: 25: 2492:Industry in Wales 2474: 2473: 2127: 2126: 2119:Thomas Commission 1946: 1945: 1913:Full independence 1884:Economic impacts 1609:Business schools 1528: 1527: 1320: 1319: 1180:List of companies 1112: 1111: 1045: 1044: 1023: 1022: 928: 927: 898: 897: 864: 863: 805: 804: 719: 718: 628:National Grid plc 335:978-1-871184-11-2 2499: 2487:Economy of Wales 2464: 2463: 2462: 2452: 2451: 2450: 2440: 2439: 2329:Senedd expansion 2172:Devolved matters 2093:McKay Commission 2073: 2072: 2041:Welsh Government 1980:Welsh devolution 1973: 1966: 1959: 1950: 1949: 1936: 1935: 1695:Renewable energy 1486:Welsh Government 1363:UK-wide Taxation 1329: 1328: 1245: 1244: 1146:Economy of Wales 1139: 1132: 1125: 1116: 1115: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1090: 1089: 1078: 1077: 939: 938: 909: 908: 875: 874: 816: 815: 730: 729: 686: 685: 677: 676: 592: 585: 578: 569: 568: 562: 561: 559: 558: 543: 537: 536: 534: 533: 518: 512: 511: 509: 508: 493: 487: 486: 484: 483: 468: 462: 461: 454: 448: 447: 445: 443: 431: 425: 424: 418:Welsh Government 415: 405: 399: 398: 396: 394: 379: 373: 372: 370: 368: 361:Welsh Government 358: 349: 340: 339: 328:. pp. 8–9. 315: 309: 308: 306: 304: 295:. Archived from 289: 283: 282: 280: 278: 271:Welsh Government 268: 260: 161:Plas Tan y Bwlch 141:renewable energy 137:Welsh Government 113:Renewable energy 2507: 2506: 2502: 2501: 2500: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2477: 2476: 2475: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2448: 2446: 2434: 2426: 2395: 2369: 2365:Opinion polling 2333: 2302: 2283:Barnett formula 2271: 2235: 2209: 2123: 2097: 2088:Silk Commission 2064: 2029:Devolved bodies 2024: 1991: 1982: 1977: 1947: 1942: 1924: 1873: 1673: 1645:UK Minimum wage 1640:UK equality law 1597: 1591: 1545:Cardiff Capital 1524: 1508:Auditor General 1481:Devolved policy 1469: 1368:Barnett formula 1349:Bank of England 1316: 1302:Bank of England 1290: 1234: 1194: 1190:Companies Court 1168: 1167: 1148: 1143: 1113: 1108: 1098: 1096: 1084: 1066: 1041: 1019: 1003: 924: 894: 860: 801: 780: 764: 715: 666: 614: 601: 599:Energy in Wales 596: 566: 565: 556: 554: 545: 544: 540: 531: 529: 520: 519: 515: 506: 504: 495: 494: 490: 481: 479: 469: 465: 456: 455: 451: 441: 439: 432: 428: 413: 407: 406: 402: 392: 390: 381: 380: 376: 366: 364: 356: 350: 343: 336: 324:. Aberystwyth: 316: 312: 302: 300: 291: 290: 286: 276: 274: 266: 261: 254: 249: 229: 209: 204: 191: 185: 167:. In 1963, the 121: 115: 108:diesel (0.2 GW) 73: 36: 28:Energy in Wales 17: 12: 11: 5: 2505: 2495: 2494: 2489: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2468: 2456: 2454:United Kingdom 2444: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2425: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2403: 2401: 2397: 2396: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2334: 2332: 2331: 2326: 2324:Justice system 2321: 2316: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2303: 2301: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2269: 2263: 2258: 2251: 2248:Cabinet Office 2243: 2241: 2237: 2236: 2234: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2210: 2208: 2207: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2190: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2169: 2168: 2167: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2139:Wales Act 1978 2135: 2133: 2129: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2096: 2095: 2090: 2085: 2079: 2077: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2062: 2061: 2060: 2053:First Minister 2050: 2049: 2048: 2038: 2032: 2030: 2026: 2025: 2023: 2022: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2005: 1999: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1987: 1984: 1983: 1976: 1975: 1968: 1961: 1953: 1944: 1943: 1941: 1940: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1923: 1922: 1920:Union dividend 1917: 1916: 1915: 1910: 1902: 1901: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1871: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1833: 1832: 1827: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1806: 1805: 1800: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1767: 1766: 1764:Re-forestation 1753: 1748: 1747: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1726: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1714: 1707:Food and drink 1704: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1687: 1681: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1672: 1671: 1666: 1665: 1664: 1654: 1649: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1632: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1607: 1601: 1599: 1593: 1592: 1590: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1563: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1536: 1534: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1523: 1522: 1521: 1520: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1494: 1493: 1483: 1477: 1475: 1474:Wales-specific 1471: 1470: 1468: 1467: 1462: 1460:Economic torts 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1415: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1359: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1346: 1335: 1333: 1326: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1315: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1291: 1289: 1288: 1286:Defunct banks 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1251: 1249: 1242: 1236: 1235: 1233: 1232: 1231: 1230: 1220: 1218:Business rates 1215: 1210: 1204: 1202: 1196: 1195: 1193: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1176: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1154: 1153: 1150: 1149: 1142: 1141: 1134: 1127: 1119: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1106: 1094: 1082: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1065: 1064: 1059: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1039: 1033: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1018: 1017: 1015:Atlantic Array 1011: 1009: 1005: 1004: 1002: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 954:Brechfa Forest 951: 945: 943: 936: 930: 929: 926: 925: 923: 922: 915: 913: 906: 900: 899: 896: 895: 893: 892: 887: 881: 879: 872: 866: 865: 862: 861: 859: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 822: 820: 813: 807: 806: 803: 802: 800: 799: 794: 788: 786: 782: 781: 779: 778: 772: 770: 766: 765: 763: 762: 757: 752: 747: 742: 736: 734: 727: 721: 720: 717: 716: 714: 713: 708: 703: 698: 692: 690: 683: 674: 672:Power stations 668: 667: 665: 664: 659: 658: 657: 647: 646: 645: 640: 635: 624: 622: 616: 615: 613: 612: 606: 603: 602: 595: 594: 587: 580: 572: 564: 563: 538: 513: 488: 463: 460:. 6 July 2018. 449: 426: 400: 374: 341: 334: 310: 284: 251: 250: 248: 245: 241:Mark Drakeford 228: 225: 221:green hydrogen 208: 205: 203: 200: 184: 181: 175:was opened in 117:Main article: 114: 111: 110: 109: 106: 105:coal (1.6 GW ) 103: 72: 69: 35: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2504: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2467: 2457: 2455: 2445: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2398: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2386:Confederalism 2384: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2360:Yes for Wales 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2299: 2296: 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1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1804: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1751:Manufacturing 1749: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1731: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1657:Trades unions 1655: 1653: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1636: 1635:UK Labour law 1633: 1631: 1628: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1594: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1519: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1410: 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917: 916: 914: 910: 907: 905: 901: 891: 888: 886: 883: 882: 880: 876: 873: 871: 867: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 823: 821: 817: 814: 812: 811:Hydroelectric 808: 798: 795: 793: 790: 789: 787: 783: 777: 774: 773: 771: 767: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 745:Connah's Quay 743: 741: 738: 737: 735: 731: 728: 726: 722: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 693: 691: 687: 684: 682: 678: 675: 673: 669: 663: 662:Vattenfall UK 660: 656: 653: 652: 651: 650:ScottishPower 648: 644: 641: 639: 636: 634: 631: 630: 629: 626: 625: 623: 621: 617: 611: 608: 607: 604: 600: 593: 588: 586: 581: 579: 574: 573: 570: 552: 548: 542: 527: 523: 517: 502: 498: 492: 478: 474: 467: 459: 453: 437: 430: 423: 419: 412: 411: 404: 388: 384: 378: 362: 355: 348: 346: 337: 331: 327: 323: 322: 314: 298: 294: 288: 272: 265: 259: 257: 252: 244: 242: 238: 234: 224: 222: 216: 214: 199: 197: 190: 180: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 125: 120: 107: 104: 101: 100: 99: 96: 94: 90: 86: 82: 81:steam vessels 77: 64: 60: 58: 54: 50: 47:), Gas (e.g. 46: 42: 31: 29: 21: 2407:Welsh Labour 2391:Independence 2266:Welsh Office 2261:Wales Office 1852:Supermarkets 1847:Architecture 1689: 1669:Unemployment 1450:Property law 1255:Banc Cambria 921:(demolished) 598: 555:. 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Retrieved 270: 230: 217: 210: 192: 130: 97: 76:Fossil fuels 74: 71:Fossil fuels 37: 27: 26: 2417:Plaid Cymru 2288:Block grant 2069:Commissions 1996:Referendums 1862:Visit Wales 1729:Agriculture 1685:Innovations 1618:South Wales 1577:M4 corridor 1560:Swansea Bay 1555:North Wales 1503:Audit Wales 1408:HM Treasury 1378:Company law 984:North Hoyle 969:Gwynt y Môr 885:Trawsfynydd 856:Swansea Bay 177:Machynlleth 143:is high by 2481:Categories 2381:Federalism 2350:Cymru Fydd 2214:Committees 1898:Recessions 1837:Healthcare 1755:Materials 1630:Demography 1598:and labour 1307:Royal Mint 1266:Hodge Bank 1257:(proposed) 1062:Ynni Cymru 999:Rhyl Flats 989:Parc Cynog 964:Cefn Croes 934:Wind farms 846:Ffestiniog 740:Baglan Bay 706:Rogerstone 681:Coal-fired 557:2023-12-01 532:2023-01-18 507:2023-01-18 482:2018-08-23 438:. 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Index


Electricity generation
Aberthaw
Baglan Bay
Cefn Croes
Dinorwig

Fossil fuels
steam vessels
Cardiff Coal Exchange
South Wales Coalfield
coal-fired power station
Renewable energy in Wales

Wales
Welsh Government
renewable energy
European
wind
wave
tidal
Plas Tan y Bwlch
Gwynedd
Ffestiniog Power Station
Centre for Alternative Technology
Machynlleth
Environmental issues in Wales
hydropower
tidal lagoon for Swansea Bay
green hydrogen

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