497:
31:
2398:
667:
425:
expressed concern about the potential shutdown of the pipeline, which they said could create other problems: "the loss of thousands of construction jobs expected from the tunnel construction, an increase in costs at
Detroit and Toledo refineries and the loss of a significant mode of propane transportation in Michigan. It is estimated that replacing the propane lost by closing the line would require an additional 30,000 truckloads and 9,600 rail cars annually".
643:
655:
631:
344:
2409:
557:, and areas on the northern shore and southern shore of the Straits with 3,528 square miles (15%) of Lake Michigan's open water and roughly 13,611 square miles (60%) of Lake Huron's open water possibly impacted by visible oil. In addition, highly turbulent flowing currents found within the Straits of Mackinac, combined with the degrading enzymes secreted by
585:(EIS) after multiple extensions prompted by overwhelming numbers of public comments received. The current working draft of the EIS was released by the WDNR on December 16, 2021. The 369-page first volume of the document almost immediately drew sharp criticism from environmental advocates and tribal leadership of the
604:
Bad River Band opposes Line 5 because of leak risks and expired easements. Its
Mashkiiziibii Natural Resources Department has responded to numerous threats posed by the pipeline and summarized key concerns (anomaly digs, two helicopter crashes on their land, pipeline exposure within the Denomie Creek
452:
In May 2021, citing a 1977 treaty with the United States on the uninterrupted flow of oil and gas across the border, the
Canadian government asked a U.S. court to stop Michigan from shutting down the pipeline, thus triggering a bilateral negotiation with Washington. The pipeline supplies fuel to much
608:
In August 2022, the
Canadian government again invoked a 1977 treaty with the United States in order to prevent the shutdown of the pipeline in Wisconsin, citing concerns about jobs, energy security, and the economy. Canada, which backs Enbridge, invoked the treaty for the first time in 2021 when the
573:
study showcased worst case scenarios, experts recommend completing a risk analysis that includes, "1) analysis of environmental impacts, 2) cleanup costs, 3) restoration and remediation measures, 4) a natural resource damage assessment, and 5) Economic damage to public and private sector interests."
419:
news report defined Line 5 as "a critical part of
Enbridge's Mainline network, which delivers the bulk of Canadian crude exports to the United States". The basis of the suit is the claim that the pipeline is a public nuisance and violates the Michigan Environmental Protection Act since it may become
484:
through Line 5. However, Enbridge has denied any plans to pump such materials. Line 5 ships nearly 23 million gallons of crude oil and petroleum products every day. A 2011 toll agreement describes the materials as "condensate, light synthetic, sweet, light sour and NGL," as does a 2013 summary of
424:
commented: "We cannot prevent accidental or emergency anchor deployments in one of the busiest shipping channels in the Great Lakes. And it only takes one such incident to cause an environmental and economic catastrophe. That is a risk no one should be willing to take". Michigan Senate
Republicans
1247:
The location of the pipelines…combines great ecological sensitivity with exceptional vulnerability to anchor strikes," said Nessel in a statement. "This situation with Line 5 differs from other bodies of water where pipelines exist because the currents in the
Straits of Mackinac are complex,
504:
Public concerns have particularly focused on the risk of a spill under the
Straits of Mackinac, and the difficulty of controlling any spill that might occur. According to Enbridge, the pipes under the straits have never leaked, are continuously monitored, and are regularly inspected by
377:
On June 18, 2020, a screw anchor support on the east leg was found to have shifted from its original position. The shift was caused by
Enbridge's seasonal maintenance work, which affected the anchor support and not the pipeline itself. On June 20, 2020, Enbridge reported that a June 19
414:
In late June 2019, the state of
Michigan filed a lawsuit asking the Ingham County Court to compel the decommissioning of the segment of Line 5 that runs under the Straits of Mackinac. The dual pipes, in use since 1953, were then shipping 540,000 barrels of oil and propane per day. A
1217:
Michigan's attorney general sued Thursday to shut down twin 66-year-old oil pipelines in the Great Lakes, saying they pose an "unacceptable risk" and the state cannot wait five to 10 years for Enbridge Inc. to build a tunnel to house replacement pipes running through the Straits of
402:, had approved a plan to build a multi-purpose tunnel that would house multiple utility lines, to remove the old Enbridge Line 5 and to construct a new line. The MSCA approved the transfer of a property right, allowing Enbridge to construct the new tunnel in the bedrock beneath the
525:
requested that Enbridge to comply with the safety regulations, "We will insist that Enbridge fully comply with the conditions of the Straits Pipeline Easement to protect our precious environmental and economic resources and limit the risk of disaster threatening our waters."
355:
In 2013, the line's capacity was increased by 50,000 barrels (7,900 m) per day, from 490,000 to 540,000 barrels (78,000 to 86,000 m). The upgrade involved US$ 100 million in improvements to pumping stations, but with no upgrades to the actual pipes.
589:
whose land is intersected by the pipeline. The WDNR hosted a public hearing on February 2, 2022, that lasted nearly 10 hours and was host to a number of arguments over the environmental, economic, and public health ramifications of the project. Congressman
378:
remote-operated vehicle inspection of the west leg of Line 5 in the Straits had detected no issues or damage to the anchor structures or pipeline. Operations resumed on that line on the same day. The east leg was to remain shut down. The federal regulator,
776:
529:
By the end of 2015, eight Michigan counties or municipalities were calling for the retirement of Line 5 including Cheboygan, Cheboygan County, Emmet County, Genesee County, Mackinaw City, Mentor Township, Munising Township, and Wayne County.
351:
The construction of Line 5 was completed in 1953. The pipelines from western Canada to Superior had been completed in 1950. Prior to the construction of Line 5, the crude oil was conveyed from Superior to southern Ontario by oil tankers.
1553:
436:
sided with its ruling. Enbridge has stated that the pipeline is in good condition even though the outer coating has worn away in some places and steel braces are placed at places hit by erosion. It plans the construction of a
265:
From Rapid River, the pipeline runs near the northern shore of Lake Michigan until it reaches the Straits of Mackinac. There the pipeline divides into two separate 20-inch (51 cm) lines, which reunite when they reach
734:
520:
In 2014, it was found that Enbridge had failed to comply with the spacing requirement for supporting anchors for the pipeline; anchors should be placed at least every 75 feet. In a statement, Michigan Attorney General
449:, to house the Line 5 pipeline and to replace its six-kilometer underwater segment. Enbridge intends to begin work on the tunnel once it received all the necessary permits and expected to complete construction by 2024.
1234:
772:
1269:
270:
on the southern side of the straits. The lines are buried until they reach a depth of 65 feet (20 m). The lines descend to a depth of approximately 270 feet (82 m) under the straits.
597:
In the course of the comment period, the DNR reportedly received over 32,000 comments. Parallels have been drawn between this controversy and the similar controversy surrounding Enbridge's
2228:
374:
that will contain the pipeline. Line 5 in the Straits consists of two 20-inch pipelines, an east leg and a west leg, running parallel to each other for the 4.5 miles across the lakebed.
1545:
2105:
1666:
569:
to occur in the pipes. Due to these issues, expert reports concluded that Line 5 should be shut down in the Straits pending a full review under state public trust law. Although the
743:
1061:
1230:
586:
1092:
696:
386:
to confirm that Enbridge was committed to sharing what is learned about the incident with the screw anchor assembly on the east leg with PHMSA and the State of Michigan.
309:
1458:
946:
915:
1393:
1614:
1327:
851:
1519:
714:
490:
456:
In June 2022, the Environmental Permit Review Commission inside the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes and Energy re-instated a petition from the
379:
1261:
1354:
1779:
1204:
429:
1846:
1750:
305:
359:
As of 2017, Line 5 had spilled at least 1.1 million gallons since 1967. In 2018, a tugboat anchor hit the pipeline and caused minor damage to the pipe.
1424:
2433:
2213:
2208:
332:
324:
243:
1583:
1880:
1302:
805:
885:
538:
1149:
420:
a major source of pollution. The news report added that "it is unclear if Line 5 could operate without the Straits segment". Attorney General
2112:
1721:
242:. The Enbridge terminal at Superior conveys western Canadian crude oil from various incoming pipelines (including lines 1–4) to Line 5 and
30:
1005:
2443:
1644:
1483:
578:
1053:
395:
215:
594:
spoke in favor of the pipeline expansion and former Bad River Band chairman Mike Wiggins Jr. was one of many speaking against it.
1084:
1804:
700:
222:, had approved Enbridge's plan to replace the underwater segment of Line 5 and with a new pipeline segment housed in a tunnel.
509:. However, there have been numerous spills elsewhere in Michigan from Enbridge pipelines, including a major Line 5 spill at
1873:
262:. At Rapid River, natural gas liquids (NGL) are side stream delivered for stripping, and the stripped NGLs are reinjected.
1481:
Local governments are issuing resolutions calling for the shutdown of the flow of oil in Line 5 at the Straits of Mackinac
1450:
937:
2463:
2022:
1997:
1962:
1952:
1828:
972:
907:
1385:
1606:
1114:
2458:
2372:
1977:
1667:"DNR Extends Public Comment Period For Draft Environmental Impact Statement On Proposed Enbridge Pipeline Relocation"
837:
1508:
496:
2438:
2233:
2223:
2218:
2203:
2198:
2188:
2178:
2173:
2168:
180:
432:
ruled the emergency response for the pipeline was adequate to protect wildlife in the Straits of Mackinac and the
2377:
1972:
1866:
1174:
998:"Senators Stabenow and Levin Urge Transportation Department to Verify Safety of Enbridge Pipeline in Great Lakes"
1200:
2468:
582:
2453:
609:
state of Michigan attempted to shut down Line 5 under the Straits of Mackinac due to environmental concerns.
506:
1416:
2412:
2069:
1929:
550:
473:
545:
could affect roughly 700 miles of shoreline. Key areas recognized for the highest potential risk include
2448:
2098:
1982:
1575:
251:
1294:
1028:
801:
398:
announced that the Mackinac Straits Corridor Authority (MSCA), in correspondence with outgoing Governor
2331:
2283:
2043:
1546:"More than 700 miles of Great Lakes shoreline potentially vulnerable to Straits of Mackinac oil spills"
457:
877:
2079:
623:
514:
433:
278:
2293:
2288:
2238:
1934:
1897:
1141:
469:
239:
331:. Any volumes not destined for Sarnia-area refineries are then pumped into tanks for transfer to
2339:
1722:"Intertribal agency raises concerns with state's draft review of a proposed oil pipeline reroute"
554:
510:
406:. The project has faced fierce opposition from environmentalists and several Tribal Authorities.
570:
534:
367:
997:
255:
2303:
1918:
301:
267:
1636:
1480:
8:
2357:
842:
542:
493:
does not divulge the materials actually carried on major US pipelines, including Line 5.
403:
371:
231:
200:
184:
80:
36:
382:
raised no objections to the plan. Enbridge CEO Al Monaco responded to Michigan Governor
2298:
2256:
2141:
2121:
2027:
1967:
1957:
286:
282:
259:
164:
218:
announced that the Mackinac Straits Corridor Authority (MSCA), with outgoing Governor
2367:
2362:
2278:
1992:
1987:
1451:"Enbridge pipeline in Straits of Mackinac needs more supports, Attorney General says"
838:"Submerged Enbridge Pipeline Under Michigan's Straits of Mackinac Raises Spill Fears"
486:
481:
289:
pumping station, US sweet crude may be injected. From Lewiston, Line 5 loops around
1695:
389:
323:
The line then proceeds east across the St. Clair River to Ontario, where it rejoins
2074:
1265:
847:
671:
383:
1855:, March 23, 2021, YouTube 1:52, presented by Mashkiiziibii Natural Resources Staff
2382:
2183:
2002:
1914:
1834:
1487:
1001:
647:
618:
598:
546:
477:
328:
294:
274:
235:
196:
90:
1115:"Enbridge reports Straits crossing support issue on Line 5 to State of Michigan"
2048:
1751:"Enbridge Line 5 spurs 10 hour hearing, over 140 people speak against pipeline"
1607:"This Aging Oil Pipeline Is In Great Lakes' 'Worst Possible Place' For A Spill"
1509:"Statistical Analysis of Straits of Mackinac Line 5 Worst Case Spill Scenarios"
1328:"White House: U.S. is not considering shutting down Enbridge's Line 5 pipeline"
1295:"Canada asks U.S. court to prevent Michigan from shutting down Line 5 pipeline"
659:
438:
1852:
2427:
2402:
2349:
1906:
1231:"Michigan sues Enbridge to shut down Line 5 oil pipeline through Great Lakes"
980:
635:
522:
442:
247:
188:
52:
304:
pumping station. Volumes destined for Michigan and Ohio refineries such as
973:"Bakken Boom Has Calumet Considering Building Oil Loading Dock in Superior"
666:
558:
317:
2248:
1944:
1417:"Environmental concerns trip up Enbridge oil pipeline project in Ontario"
1142:"Mackinac Straits Corridor Authority approves multi-use tunnel agreement"
591:
421:
399:
290:
219:
204:
176:
1780:"Canada invokes pipeline treaty with U.S. over Wisconsin Line 5 dispute"
1355:"Tribal challenge to Line 5 tunnel permit reinstated by oversight panel"
1085:"Enbridge will pay for Line 5 tunnel in Straits of Mackinac, state says"
2313:
1386:"Concerns Mount About 61-Year Old Enbridge Pipeline in the Great Lakes"
446:
208:
192:
2090:
2270:
2053:
562:
172:
66:
1201:"Michigan sues to shut down Enbridge Line 5 pipeline in Great Lakes"
1029:"Enbridge Line 5 has spilled at least 1.1M gallons in past 50 years"
2321:
2151:
1889:
1298:
566:
561:, and aging pipe welds and coal tar enamel, increases the risk for
363:
168:
113:
70:
1840:
468:
The 2013 expansion, coupled with the anticipated expansion of the
195:. The 30-inch pipeline carries 540,000 barrels (86,000 m) of
630:
416:
390:
Mackinac Straits Corridor Authority (MSCA) agreement about tunnel
343:
2125:
911:
313:
56:
500:
Technicians preparing to remove a section of Enbridge pipeline
460:, who challenged a permit Enbridge needs to build its tunnel.
441:
in the bedrock under the Straits of Mackinac-the connector of
2133:
587:
Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians
1637:"Experts Recommend Shutting Down Mackinac Straits Oil Lines"
1576:"Status and Strategy for Zebra and Quagga Mussel Management"
1175:"Enbridge's Line 5 Tunnel Receives Another Favorable Ruling"
1054:"Enbridge: Damaged oil pipeline was dented less than 1 inch"
878:"Enbridge to Increase Oil Flow under Straits, Rally Planned"
1858:
2160:
1805:"Enbridge Line 5 Issues Within the Bad River Reservation"
1516:
Graham Sustainability Institute at University of Michigan
1262:"Nessel to court: Shut down Line 5 as environmental risk"
250:
respectively. From Superior, Line 5 travels east to the
770:
581:(WDNR) closed the public comment period for its draft
491:
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
380:
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
246:, which go around the northern and southern shores of
1690:
1688:
300:
Just before the St. Clair River, Line 5 reaches the
1685:
2425:
697:"Pipeline System Configuration: Quarter 1, 2013"
691:
689:
687:
167:owned by the Canadian multinational corporation
1643:(published December 4, 2015). January 6, 2016.
539:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
476:and other groups over the possible shipment of
183:and passes under the environmentally sensitive
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
175:from western Canada to eastern Canada via the
2106:
1874:
684:
796:
794:
171:. Constructed in 1953, the pipeline conveys
992:
990:
753:
699:. Enbridge. 2013. p. 1. Archived from
533:According to a 2016 study published by the
2113:
2099:
1881:
1867:
1812:Mashkiiziibii Natural Resources Department
871:
869:
729:
727:
347:Enbridge headquarters in Edmonton, Alberta
312:are offloaded there, and transferred to a
29:
1744:
1742:
1696:"Enbridge Pipeline Projects in Wisconsin"
1352:
1248:variable, and remarkably fast and strong.
875:
791:
579:Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
2434:Crude oil pipelines in the United States
1543:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1146:Michigan Department of Natural Resources
987:
970:
771:Enbridge Pipelines Inc. (July 1, 2011).
495:
396:Michigan Department of Natural Resources
342:
216:Michigan Department of Natural Resources
2120:
1720:Kaeding, Danielle (December 20, 2021).
1719:
1617:from the original on September 20, 2017
1604:
1556:from the original on September 19, 2017
1414:
1259:
1169:
1167:
1026:
866:
835:
779:from the original on September 24, 2015
724:
715:"2013 ENB Investment Community Booklet"
605:subwatershed and odor investigations).
409:
2426:
1777:
1748:
1739:
1506:
1461:from the original on November 10, 2017
1408:
1272:from the original on February 28, 2021
1152:from the original on December 21, 2018
1139:
1082:
1076:
952:from the original on February 26, 2014
316:pipeline that runs from Marysville to
2094:
1862:
1773:
1771:
1586:from the original on November 9, 2017
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1444:
1442:
1383:
1372:
1322:
1320:
1289:
1287:
742:(Map). Enbridge. 2012. Archived from
370:agreed to build a tunnel beneath the
1671:Wisconsin Citizens Media Cooperative
1641:Graham Sustainability Institute News
1448:
1427:from the original on August 10, 2018
1415:Ellison, Garret (October 22, 2014).
1396:from the original on August 10, 2018
1164:
1095:from the original on October 4, 2018
1046:
964:
918:from the original on January 6, 2014
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
2408:
2023:Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines
1998:Texas Eastern Transmission Pipeline
1963:East Tennessee Natural Gas Pipeline
1953:Algonquin Gas Transmission Pipeline
1083:Kransz, Michael (October 3, 2018).
1008:from the original on March 28, 2014
971:Simonson, Mike (January 25, 2013).
876:Sherburne, Morgan (July 12, 2013).
808:from the original on March 31, 2014
430:U.S. Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals
13:
2229:Line 13 (Southern Lights pipeline)
1978:Maritimes & Northeast Pipeline
1778:Shakil, Ismail (August 30, 2022).
1768:
1749:Holmes, Isiah (February 4, 2022).
1605:Lachman, Samantha (May 22, 2016).
1525:from the original on June 22, 2016
1493:
1479:Oil & Water Don't Mix (2015) "
1439:
1353:McWhirter, Sheri (July 15, 2022).
1317:
1284:
1237:from the original on June 30, 2019
1207:from the original on June 30, 2019
1027:Ellison, Garret (April 26, 2017).
1020:
888:from the original on April 7, 2014
854:from the original on April 7, 2014
14:
2480:
2444:Energy infrastructure in Michigan
1837:Communities United by Water, 2022
1822:
1647:from the original on July 3, 2017
1305:from the original on May 14, 2021
1233:. Financial Post. June 27, 2019.
1064:from the original on May 21, 2018
939:Proposed Line 79 Pipeline Project
820:
230:The Line 5 pipeline runs between
2407:
2396:
1544:Erickson, Jim (March 31, 2016).
1140:Golder, Ed (December 19, 2018).
665:
653:
641:
629:
541:, a leak in Enbridge 5 near the
463:
1973:Gulfstream Natural Gas Pipeline
1797:
1713:
1659:
1629:
1598:
1568:
1537:
1473:
1346:
1260:LeBlanc, Beth (June 27, 2019).
1253:
1223:
1193:
1133:
1107:
836:Flesher, John (March 3, 2014).
1384:Leahy, Derek (March 6, 2014).
1203:. Global News. June 27, 2019.
930:
900:
707:
583:Environmental Impact Statement
507:underwater autonomous vehicles
179:states. Line 5 is part of the
1:
1449:Klug, Fritz (July 24, 2014).
773:"Competitive Toll Settlement"
720:. Enbridge. 2013. p. 25.
677:
513:in 1999, as well as the 2010
485:the Mainline System. Due to
293:, then runs southeast to the
35:Line 5 passes underneath the
2070:2003 Etobicoke gas explosion
1930:Seaway Crude Pipeline System
1888:
1853:Line 5 Informational Session
1507:Schwab, David (March 2016).
736:Enbridge Liquid Pipeline Map
474:National Wildlife Federation
7:
1983:Mississippi Canyon Pipeline
1814:. February 2020. p. 6.
1550:University of Michigan News
1000:(Press release). Office of
908:"Crude Oil Pipeline System"
612:
472:, led to concerns from the
252:Upper Peninsula of Michigan
146:645 mi (1,038 km)
125:; 71 years ago
16:Major Canadian oil pipeline
10:
2485:
2464:Oil pipelines in Wisconsin
2284:Gas Transmission Northwest
2044:Enbridge Gas New Brunswick
802:"Line 5 Underwater Images"
537:, in partnership with the
458:Bay Mills Indian Community
394:On December 19, 2018, the
338:
273:Once on land again in the
2391:
2373:Maritimes & Northeast
2348:
2330:
2312:
2269:
2247:
2239:Line 67 (Alberta Clipper)
2159:
2150:
2132:
2080:Kalamazoo River oil spill
2062:
2036:
2015:
1943:
1935:Line 67 (Alberta Clipper)
1905:
1896:
1849:Oilandwaterdont mix, 2022
624:Kalamazoo River oil spill
515:Kalamazoo River oil spill
434:Michigan Court of Appeals
254:, then runs southeast to
238:, two major nodes of the
150:
142:
137:
119:
109:
101:
96:
86:
76:
62:
48:
43:
28:
23:
2459:Oil pipelines in Alberta
2289:Great Lakes Transmission
2063:Oil spills and accidents
1898:Enbridge Pipeline System
1486:January 8, 2016, at the
470:Alberta Clipper pipeline
240:Enbridge Pipeline System
225:
181:Enbridge Lakehead System
154:30 in (762 mm)
2439:Oil pipelines in Canada
1829:Enbridge Line 5 website
577:On April 15, 2022, the
489:concerns, however, the
453:of Ontario and Quebec.
1726:Wisconsin Public Radio
535:University of Michigan
501:
348:
2469:Pipelines in Michigan
1004:. December 11, 2013.
749:on November 11, 2014.
499:
346:
214:In December 2018 the
138:Technical information
2454:Pipelines in Ontario
2332:Trans Mountain Corp.
2016:Unfinished pipelines
672:Transport portal
410:Lawsuits (2019–2021)
211:per day as of 2013.
843:The Huffington Post
775:(PDF). p. 89.
648:Michigan portal
543:Straits of Mackinac
404:Straits of Mackinac
372:Straits of Mackinac
277:, Line 5 runs near
232:Superior, Wisconsin
201:natural gas liquids
185:Straits of Mackinac
97:General information
81:Superior, Wisconsin
37:Straits of Mackinac
2449:Enbridge pipelines
2028:Sandpiper pipeline
1968:Enbridge Pipelines
1755:Wisconsin Examiner
1334:. November 9, 2021
703:on March 31, 2014.
660:Ontario portal
502:
428:In June 2020, the
349:
327:and terminates at
2421:
2420:
2403:Canada portal
2378:Montreal–Portland
2265:
2264:
2088:
2087:
2011:
2010:
1993:Stingray Pipeline
1988:Nautilus Pipeline
1700:dnr.wisconsin.gov
1179:finance.yahoo.com
983:on April 7, 2014.
945:(Map). Enbridge.
636:Energy portal
551:Bois Blanc Island
487:national security
482:Alberta oil sands
368:State of Michigan
158:
157:
2476:
2411:
2410:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2157:
2156:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2092:
2091:
2075:Line 3 oil spill
1903:
1902:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1816:
1815:
1809:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1746:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1673:. March 16, 2022
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1524:
1513:
1504:
1491:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1446:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1381:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1301:. May 11, 2021.
1291:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1266:The Detroit News
1257:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1242:
1227:
1221:
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236:Sarnia, Ontario
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120:Commissioned
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2304:TransCanada
2257:BC pipeline
2249:Natural gas
1958:BC pipeline
1945:Natural gas
1847:line 5 info
1841:Line 5 info
1835:Line 5 info
1651:November 8,
1621:November 8,
1590:November 8,
1560:November 8,
1529:November 8,
1465:November 8,
1400:October 30,
1390:The Narwhal
592:Tom Tiffany
517:on Line 6.
422:Dana Nessel
400:Rick Snyder
291:Saginaw Bay
256:Rapid River
220:Rick Snyder
205:sweet crude
177:Great Lakes
2428:Categories
2314:SaskEnergy
2299:Northwest
2234:Line 14/64
1789:October 7,
1431:August 10,
1338:October 7,
1099:October 5,
678:References
447:Lake Huron
302:Marysville
285:. At the
209:sour crude
193:Lake Huron
2271:TC Energy
2142:Brunswick
2122:Pipelines
2054:Union Gas
1364:August 3,
1218:Mackinac.
1185:August 3,
1125:August 3,
1038:August 3,
1012:March 31,
892:March 31,
812:March 31,
783:March 30,
563:corrosion
480:from the
173:crude oil
67:Wisconsin
2368:Iroquois
2363:Alliance
2322:TransGas
2279:Keystone
2152:Enbridge
1919:protests
1890:Enbridge
1645:Archived
1615:Archived
1611:Huffpost
1584:Archived
1554:Archived
1520:Archived
1484:Archived
1459:Archived
1425:Archived
1394:Archived
1303:Archived
1299:CBC News
1270:Archived
1241:June 30,
1235:Archived
1211:June 30,
1205:Archived
1150:Archived
1093:Archived
1062:Archived
1006:Archived
956:April 1,
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886:Archived
858:April 1,
852:Archived
806:Archived
777:Archived
613:See also
567:fissures
366:and the
364:Enbridge
306:BP Husky
287:Lewiston
283:Bay City
260:Escanaba
169:Enbridge
151:Diameter
114:Enbridge
71:Michigan
44:Location
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2219:Line 10
2179:Line 2B
2174:Line 2A
1784:Reuters
1332:Reuters
1309:May 15,
1276:May 15,
1068:May 20,
417:Reuters
339:History
258:, near
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2184:Line 3
2169:Line 1
2126:Canada
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1915:Line 3
1831:, 2022
912:Sunoco
571:U of M
329:Sarnia
318:Toledo
314:Sunoco
244:Line 6
234:, and
143:Length
57:Canada
2134:Emera
1808:(PDF)
1523:(PDF)
1512:(PDF)
1455:MLive
1421:MLive
1089:MLive
950:(PDF)
943:(PDF)
747:(PDF)
740:(PDF)
718:(PDF)
226:Route
110:Owner
63:State
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1762:2022
1733:2022
1707:2022
1679:2022
1653:2017
1623:2017
1592:2017
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1467:2017
1433:2018
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1158:2018
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924:2014
894:2014
860:2014
814:2014
785:2014
445:and
308:and
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960:.
926:.
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787:.
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