1364:
822:
1256:
189:
1539:
52:
1312:
197:
1429:
74:
1563:). His son Otto von Habsburg, who had used the title Archduke of Austria in his earlier life outside of Austria, declared himself a loyal citizen of the Republic in order to be allowed to enter Austria; from 1961 onwards he no longer considered himself pretender. Otto's son Karl von Habsburg has never pretended to be the rightful monarch of Austria.
420:
had been changed several times: by a patent of 1 August 1804, by a court office decree from 22 August 1836, by an
Imperial court ministry decree of 6 January 1867 and finally by a letter of 12 December 1867. Shorter versions were recommended for official documents and international treaties: "Emperor
342:
and wished to maintain his and his family's imperial status in case the Holy Roman Empire should be dissolved. Therefore, on 11 August 1804 he created the new title of "Emperor of
Austria" for himself and his successors as heads of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. For two years, Francis carried two
1000:
might literally be translated as "emperordom" on analogy with "kingdom" or "emperor-ship"; the term denotes specifically "the territory ruled by an emperor". Austria proper (as opposed to the complex of
Habsburg lands as a whole) had been an archduchy since the 15th century, and most of the other
880:
era, while
Francis Joseph I and Charles I mostly were seen in the uniform of an Austrian field marshal to underline the importance of the army to the throne. Francis Joseph I expected soldiers to appear in uniform at his court and civilians to appear in
1127:). Yet the last Emperor, Charles I, used his imperial title until the end of his life. The Kingdom of Hungary, due to measures enacted during peace proceedings after the Great War and having terminated the 1867 compromise by 31 October 1918, similarly
1473:, (later Ferdinand I). In the wake of the 1848 revolutions, the empire's existence was in danger. The Habsburg family tried a new start with a new emperor: Ferdinand I was urged to hand over government on 2 December 1848. He then moved to
389:—before the empire broke apart in 1918. A coronation ceremony was never established; the heir to the throne became emperor the moment his predecessor died or abdicated. The symbol of the Austrian emperor was the dynasty's
1680:
1032:), the Kingdom of Hungary and the Empire of Austria, as two separate entities, joined on an equal basis to form the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. Thus the former Habsburg-ruled lands were restructured into a
1153:, meaning "Imperial and Royal") was decreed in a letter of 17 October 1889 for the army, the navy and the institutions shared by both parts of the monarchy. Institutions of Cisleithania used the term
1068:). Unofficially ever since, these territories officially were called "Austria" from 1915 to 1918 only, despite the fact that all the citizens held the common Austrian citizenship since 1867.
1064:, the Austrian part of the empire from 1867 onwards. The latter were known in the internal administration as the "Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council" (
761:) majesty and dignity of the monarch to his subjects and to other monarchs and countries. His and his entourage's life was governed by very strict rules all the time.
416:
The
Austrian emperors had an extensive list of titles and claims that reflected the geographic expanse and diversity of the lands ruled by the Austrian Habsburgs. The
1001:
territories of the Empire had their own institutions and territorial history, although there were some attempts at centralization, especially between 1848 and 1859.
1531:
the new heir presumptive to the throne, to which he acceded in 1916 as
Charles I, upon the death of Francis Joseph I. In this moment Charles I's son, four-year-old
286:. Thus the term "Austrian emperor" may occur in texts dealing with the time before 1804, when no Austrian Empire existed. In these cases the word Austria means the
786:
Whoever wanted to marry an archduke or archduchess of the
Habsburg dynasty had to originate from a ruling or formerly ruling house, as was stipulated by the
1508:
1819:
805:(the I.& R. Minister of the Imperial and Royal House and of the Exterior), one of the three ministers common to Austria and Hungary. Under Francis I,
1625:
1363:
1488:
to pass over the right of succession to their son, Francis Joseph. He accepted the duty of the
Emperor of Austria without having been Crown Prince or
790:, the Family Statute of the Highest Monarch's House, issued by Ferdinand I in 1839. Otherwise the marriage would be one "to the left hand", called a
794:, excluding the offspring of the couple from any right the House of Habsburg possessed. (The problems of such a situation were encountered when
1756:
of the dynasty and for the other Lands, including
Hungary. Thus Hungary formally became part of the Empire of Austria. The Court reassured the
737:
1049:
572:
1016:. Francis Joseph I was urged to solve the internal problems of his realm and was well-advised to provide a substantial concession to the
959:
below the
Capuchin Church and Monastery in Vienna, where three of the four emperors of Austria have been buried (Charles I was buried on
1800:
1516:
1524:
757:
The function of the emperor was styled like a secular papacy. Therefore, it was the overall goal to demonstrate the all-highest (
653:
367:
358:(which at this time was only a powerless confederation) by motivating or pressuring several German princes to enter the separate
1760:, however, that the assumption of the monarch's new title did not in any sense affect the laws and the constitution of Hungary
1168:
1784:
1735:
1708:
775:
The members of the House of Habsburg were ranked as princes and princesses of the blood imperial, with the honorary title of
417:
835:
The four highest officials managing the Imperial Court, who were drawn from among the highest noblemen of the Empire, were
1444:
980:) from 1804 to 1867 consisted of the Habsburg lands as a whole, leaving each land its special definition as kingdom (e.g.,
363:
1535:
became the last Crown Prince of Austria-Hungary. He declared himself a loyal citizen of the Republic of Austria in 1961.
1504:
1057:
1045:
1025:
795:
493:
307:
421:
of Austria, King of Bohemia etc. and Apostolic King of Hungary", "Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary", "
1088:
489:
1586:
1500:
1493:
440:
436:
1421:
1356:
1304:
1248:
821:
783:(archduke or archduchess). Their permanent address and their travels abroad had to be agreed to by the Emperor.
1481:
1255:
1243:
1206:
904:); each of the four Emperors of Austria chose his living and working rooms in another part of this huge palace;
237:
1128:
1120:
481:
394:
295:
1839:
1021:
335:
1150:
1084:
1053:
801:
To manage the political implications of the Imperial house after 1867 the Emperor and King appointed the
602:
382:
996:—as Regnum Independens—was administered by its own institutions separately from the rest of the empire.
1834:
1620:
1485:
770:
745:
668:
598:
426:
359:
241:
1615:
1610:
1321:
1124:
915:
908:
664:
390:
256:
200:
188:
885:. He never shook hands with visitors; in letters he never addressed his subjects as "Sir" or "Mr." (
872:
Whoever sought an audience with the Emperor himself had to apply at the Office of the Grand Master (
933:
57:
51:
1698:
1683:, in: Quellensammlung zur Geschichte der Deutschen Reichsverfassung in Mittelalter und Neuzeit (
1777:
1700:
Staging the Past: The Politics of Commemoration in Habsburg Central Europe, 1848 to the Present
1538:
1470:
1265:
1092:
1080:
806:
610:
583:
526:
378:
829:
The Emperor's household, his personal officers and the premises where they worked were called
1725:
1112:
1041:
641:
530:
371:
323:
1477:
and, without laying down his imperial title, lived there privately until his death in 1875.
1567:
1528:
1373:
707:
515:
504:
386:
351:
252:
245:
128:
118:
81:
921:
159:
8:
1520:
1311:
1108:
1005:
791:
699:
485:
477:
233:
170:
1605:
1496:
1428:
1239:
1141:
1100:
1076:
1017:
993:
948:
864:
695:
606:
553:
500:
473:
462:
303:
287:
279:
73:
1555:
Charles I did not see himself as a pretender but as the monarch of Austria, while the
377:
From 1806 onwards, Francis was Emperor of Austria only. He had three successors—
1731:
1704:
1600:
1579:
1573:
1543:
1532:
1462:
1104:
925:
703:
561:
557:
545:
541:
429:
339:
299:
276:
272:
180:
1681:
Erklärung des Kaisers Franz II. über die Niederlegung der deutschen Kaiserkrone
1060:, which were called Transleithania by government officials to distinguish them from
196:
1013:
841:
649:
618:
594:
108:
1781:
1542:
Emperor Franz Joseph I and his great-grandnephew and second-in-line to the throne
282:
since 1438 (except for a five-year break from 1740 to 1745) and mostly resided in
16:
1804–1918 hereditary head of state of the Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empire
1788:
1757:
1116:
989:
973:
684:
645:
622:
549:
451:
327:
229:
225:
211:
1559:
of the Republic of Austria of 1919 called him "the former bearer of the crown" (
362:
with their lands in July. This led Francis II/I on 6 August 1806 to declare the
343:
imperial titles: being Holy Roman Emperor Francis II and "by the Grace of God" (
1155:
956:
897:
637:
614:
458:
154:
1828:
1474:
1450:
680:
676:
291:
1750:" In 1804 Emperor Franz assumed the title of Emperor of Austria for all the
1685:
Collection of Sources to the History of the Constitution of the German Reich
1764:
Hungary's Long Nineteenth Century: Constitutional and Democratic Traditions
1645:
1556:
1454:
1061:
726:
568:
1658:
1072:
1037:
942:
877:
1523:, his son had no rights to the throne. At this time his younger brother
1697:
Daniel Unowsky (2001). Maria Bucur; Nancy Meriwether Wingfield (eds.).
1550:
1033:
803:
k.u.k. Minister des kaiserlichen und königlichen Hauses und des Äußeren
522:
370:
created in the second half of the 10th century (today displayed at the
319:
1134:
798:, heir presumptive to the throne, married a simple countess in 1900).
882:
626:
1469:, in addition to their title of archduke. Francis I was followed by
1752:
1512:
1418:
Grand-Nephew of Francis Joseph I; great-great-grandson of Francis I
1096:
985:
579:
511:
350:
In 1805, an Austrian-led army suffered a humiliating defeat at the
260:
1020:, which had stayed in passive resistance to him after the crushed
1075:
in 1918, when the Austrian lands established their independence.
1009:
981:
960:
733:
718:
447:
422:
220:
1727:
The Austrian Mind: An Intellectual and Social History, 1848-1938
660:
283:
216:
1687:), edited by Karl Zeumer, p. 538–539 (full text on Wikisource)
984:, Hungary), archduchy (Lower and Upper Austria), duchy (e.g.,
924:(the area was included into the Vienna city area in 1892) and
722:
691:
630:
809:
had covered these and many other agenda, bearing the title
714:
590:
537:
469:
354:
and the victorious Napoleon proceeded to dismantle the old
1820:
Letter Patent creating title Hereditary Emperor of Austria
1766:, Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, the Netherlands, p. 6
1174:
911:
at Hofburg, where the Habsburgs' crown insignia were kept;
290:
ruled by the dynasty, not the country. A special case was
1484:
would have become emperor, but was persuaded by his wife
892:
The Emperor's court managed the following institutions:
338:
on 18 May 1804, Francis II feared for the future of the
1660:
Allerhöchste Pragmatikal-Verordnung vom 11. August 1804
298:(r. 1745–1765), but she herself was the monarch of the
259:, while other members of the family held the titles of
1801:
Notice on Ferdinand's death in the official newspaper
1551:
Heads of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine (since 1918)
813:(Chancellor of the House, the Court and the State).
236:
imperial title and office was proclaimed in 1804 by
1723:
1626:
List of heads of government under Austrian Emperors
1135:
Abbreviations of common and non common institutions
1066:
Die im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder
1646:"Imperial Standard of Austria, Flags of the World"
876:). Francis I used to wear civilian clothes of the
244:, and continually held by him and his heirs until
1826:
788:Familienstatut des Allerhöchsten Herrscherhauses
294:; she bore the imperial title as the consort of
1052:became again an integral part of Hungary while
1780:(published during 1888-1909), subject 'King',
1730:. University of California Press. p. 39.
1696:
1507:became heir presumptive to the throne. He was
1353:Nephew of Ferdinand I; grandson of Francis I
1071:Austria-Hungary disintegrated at the end of
1717:
1703:. Purdue University Press. pp. 16–17.
1674:
1665:Die Siegel der Deutschen Kaiser und Könige.
1438:
1115:. Other territories were annexed by Italy (
931:the court's collection of carriages (today
255:. The wives of the emperors held the title
920:Imperial residences outside Vienna, like
1537:
1527:had already died, which made Otto's son
1480:As Ferdinand I had no sons, his brother
820:
411:
195:
187:
1175:List of emperors of Austria (1804–1918)
1827:
1761:
1669:The Seals of German Emperors and Kings
1169:Imperial Royal Austrian State Railways
1724:William M. Johnston (23 March 1983).
1113:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
816:
764:
435:The full list (after the loss of the
418:grand title of the emperor of Austria
271:Members of the House of Austria, the
192:Imperial Standard (from 1867 to 1915)
1445:List of heirs to the Austrian throne
1058:Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
1026:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
796:Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
251:The emperors retained the title of
86:21 November 1916 – 11 November 1918
13:
1813:
1499:in 1889, Francis Joseph's brother
1492:before. Francis Joseph's only son
1022:Hungarian revolution of 1848- 1849
967:
914:the Imperial Court Library, today
752:
14:
1851:
1570:(11 November 1918 – 1 April 1922)
1334:18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916
1165:K.K. österreichische Staatsbahnen
1163:, meaning "Imperial Royal", e.g.
1056:were acknowledged as part of the
1503:died in 1896. Karl Ludwig's son
1453:to the throne bore the title of
1427:
1362:
1310:
1254:
347:) Emperor Francis I of Austria.
72:
50:
1805:, No. 146 / June 30, 1875, p. 1
1671:), tom. 5, attachment 2, p. 249
1587:Ferdinand Zvonimir von Habsburg
1576:(1 April 1922 – 1 January 2007)
1219:12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835
399:
266:
1794:
1770:
1744:
1690:
1652:
1638:
1561:der ehemalige Träger der Krone
937:at Schönbrunn Palace Gardens);
318:In the face of aggressions by
313:
238:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
1:
1631:
1395:17 August 1887 – 1 April 1922
1036:which shared a monarch and a
811:Haus-, Hof- und Staatskanzler
1348:67 years, 355 days
1296:13 years, 275 days
1278:19 April 1793 – 29 June 1875
1233:30 years, 203 days
988:) or princely county (e.g.,
336:Constitution of the Year XII
248:relinquished power in 1918.
7:
1594:
1582:(1 January 2007 – present)
862:the Master of the Stables (
425:the Emperor and King" and "
10:
1856:
1621:Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
1486:Princess Sophie of Bavaria
1442:
1413:1 year, 355 days
1004:In 1866, Austria lost the
771:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
768:
746:Order of the Golden Fleece
372:Treasury of Hofburg Palace
360:Confederation of the Rhine
322:, who had been proclaimed
242:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
1616:List of rulers of Austria
1611:List of Austrian consorts
916:Austrian National Library
898:Imperial Palace in Vienna
300:Austrian hereditary lands
201:Imperial Crown of Austria
176:
166:
150:
142:
134:
124:
114:
104:
99:
95:
91:
71:
67:
49:
42:
31:
23:
1439:Succession to the throne
1142:Kaiserlich und Königlich
855:the Grand Chamberlain (
825:Crown Jewels of Austria
595:Upper and Lower Silesia
492:, of Lodomeria, and of
406:Rudolfinische Hauskrone
261:archduke or archduchess
230:Austro-Hungarian Empire
224:) was the ruler of the
1762:Laszlo, PĂ©ter (2011),
1547:
826:
807:Klemens von Metternich
427:His Imperial and Royal
215:
203:
193:
34:Kaiser von Oesterreich
32:Kaiser von Ă–sterreich
1541:
1083:in the newly created
824:
412:Titles of the emperor
332:Empereur des Français
324:Emperor of the French
199:
191:
1519:in 1914; due to his
1156:Kaiserlich-Königlich
978:Kaisertum Ă–sterreich
738:Voivodship of Serbia
654:Gorizia and Gradisca
366:and to lay down the
352:Battle of Austerlitz
109:His Imperial Majesty
1840:Emperors of Austria
1778:Otto's encyclopedia
1521:morganatic marriage
874:Obersthofmeisteramt
848:the Grand Marshal (
792:morganatic marriage
280:Holy Roman Emperors
253:Archduke of Austria
1787:2008-12-09 at the
1663:. In: Otto Posse:
1606:Holy Roman Emperor
1548:
1240:Holy Roman Emperor
1018:Hungarian nobility
994:Kingdom of Hungary
963:, his last exile).
865:Oberststallmeister
850:Obersthofmarschall
839:the Grand Master (
827:
817:The Imperial Court
765:The Imperial House
288:composite monarchy
240:, a member of the
208:emperor of Austria
204:
194:
162:(summer residence)
115:First monarch
1835:Lists of monarchs
1737:978-0-520-04955-0
1710:978-1-55753-161-2
1601:Austrian nobility
1580:Karl von Habsburg
1574:Otto von Habsburg
1544:Otto von Habsburg
1497:committed suicide
1471:Ferdinand Charles
1463:heirs presumptive
1436:
1435:
1422:Habsburg-Lorraine
1357:Habsburg-Lorraine
1305:Habsburg-Lorraine
1249:Habsburg-Lorraine
1099:became a part of
922:Schönbrunn Palace
909:Imperial Treasury
744:Sovereign of the
430:Apostolic Majesty
408:by the experts).
345:Von Gottes Gnaden
340:Holy Roman Empire
186:
185:
181:Karl von Habsburg
125:Last monarch
37:Pre-1918 spelling
1847:
1807:
1798:
1792:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1694:
1688:
1678:
1672:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1642:
1432:
1431:
1409:
1405:11 November 1918
1402:21 November 1916
1398:
1394:
1392:
1367:
1366:
1344:21 November 1916
1337:
1333:
1331:
1322:Francis Joseph I
1315:
1314:
1301:Son of Francis I
1292:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1259:
1258:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1179:
1178:
1152:
1054:Croatia-Slavonia
926:Laxenburg Palace
842:Obersthofmeister
403:
402: 1576–1612
401:
383:Francis Joseph I
273:Habsburg dynasty
157:(main residence)
146:11 November 1918
76:
54:
38:
27:
21:
20:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1825:
1824:
1816:
1814:Further reading
1811:
1810:
1799:
1795:
1789:Wayback Machine
1782:online in Czech
1775:
1771:
1749:
1745:
1738:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1695:
1691:
1679:
1675:
1657:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1597:
1585:Heir apparent:
1553:
1505:Franz Ferdinand
1482:Francis Charles
1447:
1441:
1426:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1361:
1345:
1341:2 December 1848
1335:
1329:
1327:
1309:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:2 December 1848
1279:
1273:
1271:
1253:
1230:
1220:
1214:
1212:
1177:
1137:
992:), however the
974:Austrian Empire
970:
968:Austrian Empire
949:Hofoperntheater
834:
819:
773:
767:
755:
753:House and court
742:
740:, and so forth,
731:
712:
710:, and so forth,
689:
673:
658:
635:
605:, Piacenza and
588:
577:
566:
535:
520:
509:
507:, and so forth,
498:
467:
456:
414:
398:
393:dating back to
364:Reich dissolved
316:
275:, had been the
269:
226:Austrian Empire
158:
87:
85:
80:
63:
59:
45:
36:
35:
33:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1853:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1823:
1822:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1803:Wiener Zeitung
1793:
1769:
1743:
1736:
1716:
1709:
1689:
1673:
1651:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1577:
1571:
1552:
1549:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1424:
1419:
1416:
1403:
1400:
1399:(aged 34)
1386:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1369:
1368:
1359:
1354:
1351:
1342:
1339:
1338:(aged 86)
1325:
1317:
1316:
1307:
1302:
1299:
1286:
1283:
1282:(aged 82)
1269:
1261:
1260:
1251:
1246:
1236:
1227:
1226:11 August 1804
1224:
1223:(aged 67)
1210:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1136:
1133:
1085:Czechoslovakia
1046:foreign policy
969:
966:
965:
964:
957:Imperial Crypt
953:
943:Hofburgtheater
938:
929:
918:
912:
905:
870:
869:
860:
857:Oberstkämmerer
853:
846:
818:
815:
766:
763:
754:
751:
638:Princely Count
459:Apostolic King
413:
410:
368:Imperial Crown
315:
312:
268:
265:
228:and later the
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
138:11 August 1804
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
89:
88:
77:
69:
68:
65:
64:
55:
47:
46:
43:
40:
39:
29:
28:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1852:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1806:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1765:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1747:
1739:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1720:
1712:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1693:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1670:
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1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1475:Prague Castle
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1451:heir apparent
1446:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1420:
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1002:
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946:and the I.R.
945:
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735:
734:Grand Voivode
730:
728:
724:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
688:
686:
682:
681:Lower Lusatia
678:
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651:
647:
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491:
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455:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
433:
431:
428:
424:
419:
409:
407:
396:
392:
391:private crown
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
346:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:Maria Theresa
289:
285:
281:
278:
274:
264:
262:
258:
254:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
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182:
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172:
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156:
153:
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145:
141:
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
98:
94:
90:
84:
83:
79:Last to reign
75:
70:
66:
62:
61:
58:Coat of arms
53:
48:
41:
30:
22:
19:
1802:
1796:
1772:
1763:
1751:
1746:
1726:
1719:
1699:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1640:
1560:
1557:Habsburg Law
1554:
1509:assassinated
1489:
1479:
1466:
1465:were called
1458:
1455:Crown Prince
1448:
1412:
1397:(1922-04-01)
1380:
1372:
1347:
1336:(1916-11-21)
1320:
1295:
1285:2 March 1835
1280:(1875-06-29)
1264:
1232:
1229:2 March 1835
1221:(1835-03-02)
1205:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1070:
1065:
1062:Cisleithania
1050:Transylvania
1029:
1003:
997:
977:
971:
947:
941:
932:
901:
891:
886:
873:
871:
863:
856:
849:
840:
830:
828:
810:
802:
800:
787:
785:
780:
776:
774:
759:allerhöchste
758:
756:
743:
732:
727:Windic March
713:
690:
675:Margrave of
674:
659:
636:
589:
578:
573:Transylvania
569:Grand Prince
567:
536:
521:
510:
499:
468:
457:
446:
445:
439:in 1859 and
434:
415:
405:
376:
374:in Vienna).
355:
349:
344:
331:
317:
270:
267:Predecessors
250:
207:
205:
177:Pretender(s)
78:
60:(until 1915)
56:
18:
1501:Karl Ludwig
1490:Thronfolger
1467:Thronfolger
1381:the Blessed
1291:(abdicated)
1266:Ferdinand I
1188:Reign start
1129:broke apart
1117:South Tyrol
1111:joined the
1073:World War I
1038:common army
878:Biedermeier
781:Erzherzogin
725:and of the
560:and of the
423:His Majesty
404:), (called
379:Ferdinand I
314:The emperor
24:Emperor of
1829:Categories
1632:References
1525:Otto Franz
1443:See also:
1408:(resigned)
1391:1887-08-17
1330:1830-08-18
1274:1793-04-19
1244:Leopold II
1215:1768-02-12
1151:/kaʔʊntka/
1034:dual union
833:("court").
769:See also:
708:Sonnenberg
523:Grand Duke
443:in 1866):
334:), by the
320:Napoleon I
302:including
234:hereditary
221:Ă–sterreich
171:Hereditary
160:Schönbrunn
1776:From the
1568:Charles I
1546:, in 1914
1459:Kronprinz
1374:Charles I
1242:; Son of
1238:The last
1207:Francis I
1191:Reign end
1149:, spoken
1139:The term
1030:Ausgleich
1024:. By the
998:Kaisertum
940:the I.R.
934:Wagenburg
777:Erzherzog
700:Feldkirch
611:Auschwitz
607:Guastalla
554:Carinthia
505:Jerusalem
395:Rudolf II
387:Charles I
296:Francis I
246:Charles I
167:Appointer
151:Residence
143:Abolition
135:Formation
129:Charles I
119:Francis I
82:Charles I
1785:Archived
1753:Erblande
1595:See also
1513:Sarajevo
1185:Lifespan
1109:Dalmatia
1105:Carniola
1097:Bukovina
1095:, while
986:Carniola
696:Hohenems
642:Habsburg
580:Margrave
562:Bukovina
558:Carniola
546:Salzburg
542:Lorraine
512:Archduke
486:Slavonia
478:Dalmatia
437:Lombardy
44:Imperial
1529:Charles
1121:Trieste
1101:Romania
1091:joined
1089:Galicia
1081:Moravia
1077:Bohemia
1010:Prussia
982:Bohemia
961:Madeira
902:Hofburg
736:of the
723:Cattaro
719:Trieste
704:Bregenz
683:and in
619:Teschen
584:Moravia
529:and of
527:Tuscany
516:Austria
494:Illyria
490:Galicia
482:Croatia
474:Bohemia
463:Hungary
452:Austria
448:Emperor
441:Venetia
308:Hungary
304:Bohemia
277:elected
257:empress
155:Hofburg
100:Details
26:Austria
1734:
1707:
1517:Bosnia
1494:Rudolf
1197:Family
1147:k.u.k.
1125:Istria
1093:Poland
685:Istria
669:Brixen
661:Prince
650:Kyburg
627:Ragusa
623:Friuli
599:Modena
550:Styria
531:Cracow
328:French
284:Vienna
232:. The
217:Kaiser
212:German
1200:Image
1194:Notes
1014:Italy
1008:with
990:Tyrol
883:tails
721:, of
692:Count
677:Upper
665:Trent
648:, of
646:Tyrol
617:, of
615:Zator
609:, of
603:Parma
597:, of
556:, of
552:, of
548:, of
544:, of
488:, of
484:, of
480:, of
476:, of
356:Reich
105:Style
1758:diet
1732:ISBN
1705:ISBN
1533:Otto
1449:The
1182:Name
1161:K.K.
1123:and
1107:and
1079:and
1044:and
1042:navy
1012:and
972:The
955:the
907:the
896:the
887:Herr
715:Lord
679:and
667:and
644:and
631:Zara
629:and
613:and
591:Duke
538:Duke
501:King
470:King
385:and
306:and
219:von
206:The
1511:in
1461:);
1171:).
1006:war
889:).
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779:or
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