265:, where individuals sell winning shares and hold losing ones. They found that elation for winners and regret for losers are necessary emotions that can cause the effect to occur. In regards to patients making a medical decision, emotions and one's motivational goals, play a part as well. One study looked at the elements of coping behaviors. The first two elements have to do with the need to control the cognitive and emotional elements of the health threat; the second pair of elements relate to the management of cognitive and emotional aspects of the decision itself.
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with uncertainty, while sadness is associated with a perception that outcomes are due to the situation. Angry decision-makers tend to make choices quickly and are unlikely to analyze their decisions. Stress can play a role in decision-making. Acute stress can alter the response to moral dilemmas. On the other hand, stress does not always alter everyday, moral decision-making. One study looked at the role emotions play in adolescents' moral decision-making. In a hypothetical,
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is an area in the brain involved in emotion. Studies have found that patients with bilateral amygdala damage, which is damage in both hemispheres of the amygdala region in the brain, are deficient in decision-making. When an initial choice is made in decision-making, the result of this choice has an
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Emotional attention bias can be influenced by sleep. Studies have been performed and have shown that sleep deprivation in children reduces their ability to adjust their behavior in emotional situations. Children showed high emotional attention biases when deprived of sleep. This occurs because sleep
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traits The examples are dispositional dysphoria, irritability, withdrawal, or dispositional good and relaxed moods. These dispositions create emotional biases in cognition. Studies of meaning attribution in 24 groups contrasted by various temperament traits showed that people with high neuroticism,
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Emotions have a small to large impact on the decisions we make depending on the type of emotion. Some of the most influential emotions for decision-making are sadness, disgust, and guilt. Anger differs the most from fear and sadness in both judgment and decision-making contexts. Fear is associated
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Emotions affect different types of decisions. Emotions have a strong influence on economic behavior and decision-making. In some behavioral anomalies, certain emotions related to some tasks can have an increased impact. In one experiment, researchers looked at what emotions manifest the
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Emotional bias is often the effect of dispositional emotionality that an individual has before the occurrence of events that could cause these emotions. These states were linked to the dysregulation in opioid receptor systems and are commonly known as
257:, negatively charged, critical emotions most strongly predict moral choice. Regret and disappointment are emotions experienced after a decision. In some cases, regret has created a stronger desire to switch choices than disappointment.
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experiments have shown how emotions and cognition, which are present in different areas of the human brain, interfere with each other in decision making process, resulting often in a primacy of
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Blanchette I (2010). "The influence of affect on higher level cognition: A review of research on interpretation, judgement, decision making and reasoning".
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Angie AD, Connelly S, Waples EP, Kligyte V (December 2011). "The influence of discrete emotions on judgement and decision-making: a meta-analytic review".
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high emotionality and weak endurance perceived neutral abstract concepts more negatively than people with low neuroticism and strong endurance.
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Power TE, Swartzman LC, Robinson JW (May 2011). "Cognitive-emotional decision making (CEDM): a framework of patient medical decision making".
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Youssef FF, Dookeeram K, Basdeo V, Francis E, Doman M, Mamed D, et al. (April 2012). "Stress alters personal moral decision making".
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Krettenauer T, Jia F, Mosleh M (February 2011). "The role of emotion expectancies in adolescents' moral decision making".
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Chua HF, Gonzalez R, Taylor SF, Welsh RC, Liberzon I (October 2009). "Decision-related loss: regret and disappointment".
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Trofimova I (October 1999). "An investigation of how people of different age, sex, and temperament estimate the world".
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Starcke K, Polzer C, Wolf OT, Brand M (February 2011). "Does stress alter everyday moral decision-making?".
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context, positively charged self-evaluative emotions most strongly predict moral choice. In
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Brain damage can cause changes in normal decision-making processes. The
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Emotional bias might help explain the tendency towards over-
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Effects of emotional biases can be similar to those of a
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Gupta R, Koscik TR, Bechara A, Tranel D (March 2011).
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Behavior and Human Decision Processes
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1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1478:
1473:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1292:Disappointment
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1076:
1075:
1023:
983:
972:(2): 226–238.
951:
908:
881:(4): 2031–40.
865:
827:
784:
741:
720:(2): 115–137.
700:
650:
601:
582:
523:
480:
431:
412:(4): 561–595.
393:
340:
339:
337:
334:
332:
331:
326:
321:
316:
310:
309:
308:
294:
278:
275:
242:Main article:
239:
236:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
184:cognitive bias
179:
176:
165:
162:
161:
160:
149:
142:
120:emotional bias
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3116:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:United States
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2966:False balance
2964:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2838:Participation
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2807:
2806:Psychological
2804:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:Fading affect
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2412:
2408:
2401:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2367:
2362:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2107:dysregulation
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2055:interpersonal
2053:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1908:in psychology
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1893:consciousness
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:Schadenfreude
1698:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1568:Mono no aware
1564:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1420:Joie de vivre
1417:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1389:Gratification
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1317:Embarrassment
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1222:Belongingness
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
992:
990:
988:
979:
975:
971:
967:
960:
958:
956:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
912:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
869:
861:
857:
853:
849:
846:(2): 358–70.
845:
841:
834:
832:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
788:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
745:
737:
733:
728:
723:
719:
715:
711:
704:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
661:
659:
657:
655:
646:
642:
637:
632:
628:
624:
621:(4): e12411.
620:
616:
612:
605:
597:
593:
586:
578:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
550:
546:
543:(1): e85677.
542:
538:
534:
527:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
496:(2): 533–52.
495:
491:
484:
476:
472:
467:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
435:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
400:
398:
389:
385:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
348:
346:
341:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
311:
306:
295:
292:
281:
274:
271:
266:
264:
258:
256:
252:
245:
235:
216:
214:
210:
205:
203:
199:
195:
193:
189:
185:
178:Other effects
175:
172:
158:
154:
150:
147:
143:
140:
139:
138:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
110:
107:
99:
96:February 2013
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2951:In education
2918:
2902:Other biases
2888:Verification
2873:Survivorship
2823:Non-response
2796:Healthy user
2738:Substitution
2713:Self-serving
2562:
2509:Confirmation
2477:Availability
2425:Acquiescence
2365:
2305:Meta-emotion
2218:Emotionality
2191:responsivity
2139:and bullying
2134:intelligence
2076:
1944:Affectivity
1928:neuroscience
1898:in education
1481:
1442:Homesickness
1418:
1344:Enthrallment
1329:Emotion work
1192:Anticipation
1046:(4): 760–6.
1043:
1039:
1004:(2): 163–9.
1001:
997:
969:
965:
921:
917:
911:
878:
874:
868:
843:
839:
800:(2): 210–9.
797:
793:
787:
757:(4): 491–8.
754:
750:
744:
717:
713:
703:
670:
666:
618:
614:
604:
595:
585:
540:
536:
526:
493:
489:
483:
448:
444:
434:
409:
405:
361:
357:
267:
259:
247:
232:
206:
198:Neuroscience
196:
181:
167:
136:
119:
117:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
3018:Publication
2971:Vietnam War
2818:Length time
2801:Information
2743:Time-saving
2603:Horn effect
2593:Halo effect
2541:Distinction
2450:Attribution
2445:Attentional
2233:and culture
2038:recognition
2023:homeostatic
1923:forecasting
1872:Weltschmerz
1845:Misanthropy
1622:grandiosity
1504:Inspiration
1494:Infatuation
1462:Humiliation
1384:Frustration
1257:Contentment
171:temperament
3088:Categories
2981:South Asia
2956:Liking gap
2768:In animals
2733:Status quo
2648:Negativity
2551:Egocentric
2526:Congruence
2504:Commitment
2494:Blind spot
2482:Mean world
2472:Automation
2310:Pathognomy
2211:well-being
2127:and gender
2122:expression
2117:exhaustion
2102:detachment
2087:competence
2068:Emotional
2050:regulation
2033:perception
2028:in animals
1978:and memory
1914:Affective
1822:Worldviews
1684:melancholy
1669:Resentment
1539:Loneliness
1514:Irritation
1499:Insecurity
1489:Indulgence
1364:Excitement
1349:Enthusiasm
1282:Depression
1242:Confidence
1237:Compassion
1212:Attraction
1137:Admiration
1132:Acceptance
875:NeuroImage
336:References
314:Conformity
224:Influences
66:newspapers
3049:Debiasing
3028:White hat
3023:Reporting
2936:Inductive
2853:Selection
2813:Lead time
2786:Estimator
2763:Zero-risk
2728:Spotlight
2708:Restraint
2698:Proximity
2683:Precision
2643:Narrative
2598:Hindsight
2583:Frequency
2563:Emotional
2536:Declinism
2467:Authority
2440:Anchoring
2430:Ambiguity
2338:appraisal
2278:sociology
2229:Emotions
2201:symbiosis
2186:reasoning
2156:isolation
2097:contagion
2082:blackmail
2008:expressed
2003:evolution
1993:and sleep
1983:and music
1918:computing
1865:Reclusion
1860:Pessimism
1835:Defeatism
1765:Suffering
1711:Sehnsucht
1654:Rejection
1605:self-pity
1580:Nostalgia
1549:limerence
1519:Isolation
1457:Hostility
1414:Happiness
1394:Gratitude
1339:Emptiness
1322:vicarious
1272:Curiosity
1247:Confusion
1187:Annoyance
1167:Amusement
1157:Agitation
1152:Affection
1147:Aesthetic
1142:Adoration
924:: 53–85.
426:144271056
213:pessimism
192:reasoning
157:suffering
134:factors.
132:emotional
124:cognition
2946:Inherent
2909:Academic
2883:Systemic
2868:Spectrum
2848:Sampling
2828:Observer
2791:Forecast
2703:Response
2663:Optimism
2658:Omission
2653:Normalcy
2623:In-group
2618:Implicit
2531:Cultural
2435:Affinity
2196:security
2176:literacy
2161:lability
2151:intimacy
2092:conflict
2072:aperture
1969:Emotion
1953:negative
1948:positive
1938:spectrum
1903:measures
1855:Optimism
1850:Nihilism
1840:Fatalism
1830:Cynicism
1775:Sympathy
1770:Surprise
1612:Pleasure
1534:Kindness
1524:Jealousy
1509:Interest
1476:Hysteria
1359:Euphoria
1302:Distrust
1252:Contempt
1232:Calmness
1124:Emotions
1111:Emotions
1070:20920513
1018:20573468
938:18798706
903:16765820
895:19524050
860:20961560
814:20692104
779:30489504
771:21899956
695:40710049
687:21500048
645:27287732
577:24475048
537:PLOS ONE
510:10611787
475:29483351
451:(1744).
388:19528014
277:See also
270:amygdala
211:or over-
209:optimism
202:emotions
3104:Emotion
3068:General
3066:Lists:
3001:Ukraine
2926:Funding
2688:Present
2673:Outcome
2578:Framing
2366:Italics
2329:Theory
2285:Feeling
2238:history
2223:bounded
2181:prosody
1988:and sex
1973:and art
1933:science
1889:Affect
1883:Related
1758:chronic
1733:Shyness
1693:Saudade
1679:Sadness
1674:Revenge
1664:Remorse
1595:Passion
1585:Outrage
1575:Neglect
1435:Hiraeth
1334:Empathy
1312:Ecstasy
1297:Disgust
1267:Cruelty
1262:Courage
1227:Boredom
1207:Arousal
1197:Anxiety
1182:Anguish
1061:3032808
946:5560068
822:1341666
636:5149120
568:3903487
545:Bibcode
518:8335544
466:5832691
379:2666711
146:feeling
130:due to
80:scholar
3073:Memory
2986:Sweden
2976:Norway
2843:Recall
2613:Impact
2489:Belief
2407:Biases
2333:affect
2315:Pathos
2268:social
2112:eating
1785:Wonder
1753:Stress
1743:Sorrow
1659:Relief
1649:Regret
1637:vanity
1632:insult
1627:hubris
1482:Ikigai
1452:Horror
1428:Hatred
1287:Desire
1277:Defeat
1202:Apathy
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2961:Media
2931:FUTON
2258:moral
2166:labor
2018:group
1797:Worry
1780:Trust
1748:Spite
1728:Shock
1723:Shame
1617:Pride
1590:Panic
1469:Hygge
1409:Guilt
1404:Grief
1399:Greed
1369:Faith
1307:Doubt
1177:Angst
1172:Anger
1162:Agony
942:S2CID
899:S2CID
818:S2CID
775:S2CID
736:32561
732:S2CID
691:S2CID
514:S2CID
422:S2CID
229:Sleep
188:fears
153:facts
87:JSTOR
73:books
3094:Bias
2077:bias
2062:work
1644:Rage
1600:Pity
1561:Lust
1544:Love
1447:Hope
1379:Flow
1374:Fear
1354:Envy
1115:list
1066:PMID
1014:PMID
934:PMID
891:PMID
856:PMID
810:PMID
767:PMID
683:PMID
641:PMID
573:PMID
506:PMID
471:PMID
384:PMID
126:and
59:news
3008:Net
2893:Wet
1529:Joy
1217:Awe
1056:PMC
1048:doi
1006:doi
974:doi
970:118
926:doi
883:doi
848:doi
844:108
802:doi
759:doi
722:doi
675:doi
631:PMC
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