318:. It was used as a ceremonial center for a population who resided in outlying villages and hamlets, but takes its name from the historic Emerald Plantation that surrounded the mound in the 19th century. The large mound began as a natural hill, which was built up by workers' depositing earth along the sides, reshaping it and creating an elongated, pentagonal-shaped, artificial plateau. Two smaller mounds sit on either end of the summit of the primary mound. The larger of the two sits at the western end, and measures 190 feet (58 m) by 160 feet (49 m) at the base and is 30 feet (9.1 m) in height. The smaller mounds on the summit are believed to be platforms for homes of chiefs and other key leaders.
370:
344:, who inhabited the area and used Emerald Mound site as their main ceremonial center at time of first European contact. At its height, Emerald would have been the center of religious and civic rituals for the area, with the ceremonial center located on top of Emerald Mound, an unusual feature rarely seen in other mound centers. The secondary mounds were the bases of a temple and residence of a priest or ruler and other elites. By the late 1730s, the Natchez had abandoned Emerald, possibly because of social upheaval that followed extensive fatalities from European
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385:. Measurements were taken, pottery and skeletons exhumed, and the investigators noted the eight secondary mounds and a large encircling trench. Over the intervening years, periodic excavations have taken place, most recently in 1972. Animal remains, ceramic fragments, tools, and the stratigraphy—all studied by
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The mound covers eight acres, measuring 770 feet (230 m) by 435 feet (133 m) at the base and is 35 feet (11 m) in height. Emerald Mound has a flat top with two smaller secondary mounds at each end. It was constructed around a natural hill. Travelers in the early 19th century noted a
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of the secondary mounds, the NPS restored the mounds and turfed the surfaces in the mid-50s. A trail and stairways were constructed from the parking lot adjacent to the mound, leading to the surface of the primary platform and to the tops of the larger of the secondary mounds. The staircases have
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The summit of the mound is roughly 65 feet (20 m) above the surrounding landscape. Early drawings suggest that six smaller mounds, three on either side, flanked the edges of the primary mound between the two secondary mounds, but were flattened by erosion and plowing in the 19th century.
360:
or
Fatherland site, 12 miles (19 km) to the southwest. Emerald was abandoned during the French colonial period, and the hereditary chief lived at the Grand Village. The people of the tribe lived in a widely dispersed settlement pattern, mainly in small hamlets and on family farms. They
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periodically assembled at the ceremonial centers for religious and social events. This settlement appears to have been one of the last active expressions of the large platform mound-building culture along the
Mississippi River.
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number of adjoining mounds and an encircling ditch that are no longer present. This site once had six other secondary mounds which were lost due to the plowing of the surface of the mound. Emerald Mound was stabilized by the
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site, derives its present name from the nearby antebellum-era
Emerald Plantation. The first excavations took place in 1838, and were recorded by John C. Van Tramp in his book
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The Late
Prehistory of the Natchez Region : Excavations at the Emerald and Foster Sites, Adams County, Mississippi
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The owners donated the site to the
National Park Service (NPS) during the 1950s. Due to damage caused by
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Indian Mounds of
Mississippi, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
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of the
Natchez Bluffs Plaquemine culture chronology and was still in use by the later historic
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599:"Emerald Mound Site – National Register of Historic Places Indian Mounds of Mississippi"
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University and college buildings listed on the
National Register of Historic Places
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believe that the
Plaquemine culture builders were the ancestors of the historic
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Archaeological sites on the
National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi
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archeologists—offer a glimpse into the life of Emerald's ancient inhabitants.
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is the second-largest Mississippian period earthwork in the country, after
433:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Adams County, Mississippi
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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702:"The Megalithic Portal and Megalithic Map-Emerald Mound, Mississippi"
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254:. The site dates from the period between 1200 and 1730 CE. It is the
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Mississippi Valley: Culture, phase, and chronological periods table
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Emerald Mound was constructed during 1250 and 1600 CE, and is the
4155:
National Register of Historic Places in Adams County, Mississippi
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678:"NPS Archaeology Program-Ancient Architects of the Mississippi"
819:
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3533:
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1949:
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1341:
555:(Bachelor's thesis). Cambridge: Department of Anthropology,
3493:
383:
Prairie and Rocky Mountain Adventures, or, Life In The West
294:
in 1989. The mound is now managed by the Park Service's
356:, the tribe's main ceremonial center was located at the
724:"Adams County, MS Genealogical and Historical Research"
542:
621:"Emerald Mound – Natchez Trace Parkway, Mississippi"
3666:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
696:
694:
786:that talks about the Emerald Mound site, from 1848
428:List of National Historic Landmarks in Mississippi
3697:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
4111:
751:. Mississippi Department of Archives and History
691:
4089:National Register of Historic Places portal
2552:
3621:
2538:
805:
364:
4140:Protected areas of Adams County, Mississippi
352:expedition in the 1540s. By the time of the
348:introduced to the American Southeast by the
330:Originally a constructed ditch, part of the
316:Plaquemine culture Natchez Bluffs chronology
70:Secondary mound at west end of Emerald Mound
783:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley
520:Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley
4135:National Historic Landmarks in Mississippi
3628:
3614:
2545:
2531:
812:
798:
492:National Historic Landmark summary listing
114:
89:
64:
3637:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
3053:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
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645:
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593:
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44:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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536:
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480:
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494:. National Park Service. Archived from
4112:
672:
670:
638:
588:
516:
461:"National Register Information System"
455:
453:
266:for their main ceremonial center. The
3609:
2526:
793:
571:"Marvel at the Size of Emerald Mound"
531:
510:
477:
466:National Register of Historic Places
3524:Norse colonization of North America
667:
450:
373:Locations of the 8 secondary mounds
13:
4052:National Historic Preservation Act
828:Mississippian and related cultures
377:The site, originally known as the
325:Emerald Mound as seen from the air
301:
14:
4171:
767:
298:unit, and is open to the public.
4125:Plaquemine Mississippian culture
4094:
4093:
4082:
821:
721:
334:, encircled the entire complex.
113:
106:
88:
81:
3544:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
2462:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
741:
715:
618:
260:Emerald Phase (1500 to 1680 CE)
53:U.S. National Historic Landmark
16:For the mound in Illinois, see
4005:Federated States of Micronesia
3651:Architectural style categories
844:Timeline of Mississippi valley
625:www.exploresouthernhistory.com
612:
563:
423:List of archaeological periods
180:
18:Emerald Mound and Village Site
1:
2044:Grand Village of the Illinois
443:
438:Fairchild Creek (Mississippi)
122:Show map of the United States
3509:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing
3459:Eastern Agricultural Complex
1821:Grand Village of the Natchez
655:. ExploreSouthernHistory.com
653:"Emerald Mound, Mississippi"
358:Grand Village of the Natchez
290:in 1955. It was declared a
25:United States historic place
7:
2893:Bandelier National Monument
2767:List of Mississippian sites
2554:Pre-Columbian North America
839:List of Mississippian sites
414:List of Mississippian sites
407:
400:The mound is listed on the
354:La Salle Expedition of 1682
312:Emerald Phase (1500 - 1680)
10:
4176:
4057:Historic Preservation Fund
4036:American Legation, Morocco
3313:West Oak Forest Earthlodge
2918:The Bluff Point Stoneworks
2627:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi)
365:Archaeological excavations
292:National Historic Landmark
15:
4160:Archaeological type sites
4077:
4044:
4023:
3998:Lists by associated state
3997:
3956:
3689:
3643:
3582:
3554:Three Sisters agriculture
3409:
3341:
2873:
2602:
2560:
2489:
2378:
2310:
2242:
2181:
2174:
2127:
1999:
1988:
1918:
1769:
1726:
1658:
1366:
1240:
1152:
1071:
998:
861:
852:
834:
749:"Mississippi Mound Trail"
204:
196:
191:
179:NRHP reference
178:
163:31.6361056°N 91.2472278°W
141:
131:
75:
63:
59:
50:
41:
34:
30:
3979:Northern Mariana Islands
3093:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site
2652:Buttermilk Creek complex
1756:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery
3293:Town Creek Indian Mound
3263:Sierra de San Francisco
3118:Meadowcroft Rockshelter
2386:Ballgame (Southeastern)
2282:Long-nosed god maskette
2162:SunWatch Indian Village
2109:Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs
1970:Ka-Do-Ha Indian Village
525:Smithsonian Institution
402:Mississippi Mound Trail
168:31.6361056; -91.2472278
97:Show map of Mississippi
3974:Minor Outlying Islands
3957:Lists by insular areas
3671:Keeper of the Register
2948:Coso Rock Art District
2835:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
2738:List of Hopewell sites
2137:Alligator Effigy Mound
1751:Hickory Ridge Cemetery
1703:Leon-Jefferson culture
1099:Caborn-Welborn culture
544:Steponaitis, Vincas P.
374:
326:
4130:Mounds in Mississippi
3676:National Park Service
3656:Contributing property
3356:Arlington Springs Man
3198:Portsmouth Earthworks
866:and Upper Mississippi
517:Squier, E.G. (1848).
471:National Park Service
387:National Park Service
372:
324:
296:Natchez Trace Parkway
288:National Park Service
240:Natchez Trace Parkway
222:), also known as the
4031:District of Columbia
3564:Transoceanic contact
3454:Container Revolution
3028:Gila Cliff Dwellings
2993:Etowah Indian Mounds
2425:Earth/fertility cult
2129:Fort Ancient culture
1013:Dogtooth Bend Mounds
999:Lower Ohio River and
985:Steed-Kisker culture
728:www.natchezbelle.org
523:. Washington, D.C.:
488:"Emerald Mound Site"
397:since been removed.
233:Mississippian period
136:Stanton, Mississippi
3484:Green Corn Ceremony
3298:Turkey River Mounds
3088:Lake Jackson Mounds
2908:Blue Spring Shelter
2430:Green Corn Ceremony
1990:Upper Mississippian
1940:Blue Spring Shelter
1660:Fort Walton culture
1114:Hovey Lake District
473:. January 23, 2007.
236:archaeological site
205:Designated NHL
159: /
3569:Underwater panther
3243:Rosenstock Village
3113:Marmes Rockshelter
3098:L'Anse aux Meadows
2512:de Soto Expedition
2477:Underwater panther
2323:Central Algonquian
2034:Fisher Mound Group
1678:Apalachee Province
1645:Waddells Mill Pond
779:the section of the
557:Harvard University
375:
327:
230:Plaquemine culture
216:Emerald Mound site
36:Emerald Mound site
4107:
4106:
3661:Historic district
3603:
3602:
3595:Pre-Columbian era
3396:Spirit Cave mummy
3193:Plum Bayou Mounds
3103:Lynch Quarry Site
2622:Ancient Beringian
2520:
2519:
2485:
2484:
2170:
2169:
1786:Atchafalaya Basin
1728:Pensacola culture
1693:Fort Walton Mound
1585:Punk Rock Shelter
1545:Mouse Creek phase
1368:South Appalachian
1362:
1361:
1241:Central and Lower
1182:Castalian Springs
1172:Brentwood Library
1072:Middle Ohio River
925:Emerald Acropolis
212:
211:
208:December 29, 1989
200:November 18, 1988
192:Significant dates
4167:
4097:
4096:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4010:Marshall Islands
3630:
3623:
3616:
3607:
3606:
3539:Projectile point
3376:Leanderthal Lady
3303:Upward Sun River
3278:Stallings Island
3268:Shell ring sites
3218:Recapture Canyon
3133:Moorehead Circle
2978:El Fin del Mundo
2963:Cueva de la Olla
2769:
2756:Maritime Archaic
2740:
2570:
2547:
2540:
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2524:
2523:
2287:Mill Creek chert
2277:Duck River cache
2179:
2178:
1997:
1996:
1761:Pensacola people
1555:Muscogee (Creek)
1395:Bell Field Mound
1109:Hovey Lake-Klein
1063:Wickliffe Mounds
1038:Rowlandton Mound
955:Lunsford-Pulcher
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3599:
3590:Genetic history
3578:
3432:Ceremonial pipe
3405:
3386:Minnesota Woman
3343:
3337:
3158:Ocmulgee Mounds
3138:Morrison Mounds
3083:Kolomoki Mounds
3073:Kimball Village
2933:Candelaria Cave
2875:
2869:
2850:Suwannee Valley
2785:Old Cordilleran
2765:
2736:
2604:
2598:
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2556:
2551:
2521:
2516:
2502:Clarksdale bell
2481:
2467:Stone box grave
2408:Ceremonial pipe
2374:
2333:Mobilian Jargon
2306:
2238:
2166:
2123:
1991:
1984:
1921:
1914:
1772:
1765:
1722:
1654:
1600:Rucker's Bottom
1390:Beaverdam Creek
1370:
1358:
1242:
1236:
1197:Hiwassee Island
1154:
1148:
1139:Welborn Village
1067:
1028:Millstone Bluff
1001:Confluence area
1000:
994:
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930:Emmons Cemetery
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498:on June 6, 2011
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302:Site prehistory
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225:Selsertown site
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3474:Falcon dancer
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3410:Miscellaneous
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3381:Melbourne Man
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3371:La Brea Woman
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3366:Kennewick Man
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3258:Serpent Mound
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3208:Pueblo Bonito
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3203:Poverty Point
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3188:Pinson Mounds
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2988:Effigy Mounds
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2450:Sacred bundle
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2275:
2271:
2270:Wulfing cache
2268:
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2258:
2257:
2256:
2255:Copper plates
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2229:Three Sisters
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
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2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2199:Little barley
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Serpent Mound
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
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2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2126:
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2119:Summer Island
2117:
2115:
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2110:
2107:
2105:
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2100:
2097:
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2067:
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2057:
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2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
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2002:
1998:
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1987:
1981:
1978:
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1968:
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1963:
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1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1922:Mississippian
1917:
1911:
1909:
1906:
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1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
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1797:
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1792:
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1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1773:Mississippian
1768:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
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1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1688:Corbin–Tucker
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1657:
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1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1595:Roods Landing
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1535:Moccasin Bend
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1465:Hoojah Branch
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
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1441:
1438:
1436:
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1398:
1396:
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1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1372:Mississippian
1369:
1365:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1335:
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1325:
1323:
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1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1307:
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1295:Menard-Hodges
1293:
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1263:
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1233:
1232:Swallow Bluff
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
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1203:
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1175:
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1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1153:Tennessee and
1151:
1145:
1142:
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1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
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1077:
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1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:Marshall Site
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1003:
997:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
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891:
889:
886:
885:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
868:
864:
860:
857:
855:Mississippian
851:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
833:
829:
824:
815:
810:
808:
803:
801:
796:
795:
792:
785:
784:
780:
777:
775:
772:
771:
750:
744:
729:
725:
722:Pack, Ellen.
718:
703:
697:
695:
679:
673:
671:
654:
648:
646:
644:
642:
626:
622:
615:
600:
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545:
539:
537:
535:
527:. p. 60.
526:
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468:
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269:
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261:
257:
253:
252:United States
249:
245:
241:
237:
234:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
207:
203:
199:
197:Added to NRHP
195:
190:
187:
184:
177:
172:
154:91°14′50.02″W
144:
140:
137:
134:
130:
109:
84:
74:
67:
62:
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
33:
29:
23:
19:
3903:South Dakota
3893:Rhode Island
3888:Pennsylvania
3868:North Dakota
3574:Water glyphs
3529:Oasisamerica
3519:N.A.G.P.R.A.
3479:Folsom point
3469:Effigy mound
3449:Clovis point
3417:Aridoamerica
3318:Wickiup Hill
3273:Spiro Mounds
3253:Salmon Ruins
3248:Russell Cave
3043:Helen Blazes
3038:Grimes Point
3018:Fort Juelson
3008:Fort Ancient
2983:El Vallecito
2943:Chaco Canyon
2883:Angel Mounds
2845:Steed-Kisker
2795:Paleo-Arctic
2717:Glacial Kame
2702:Fort Ancient
2594:Post-Classic
2565:
2497:Chevron bead
2403:Burial mound
2297:Shell gorget
2265:Spiro plates
2260:Rogan plates
2079:Knoll Spring
2054:Hartley Fort
2014:Beattie Park
1898:Transylvania
1790:
1736:Bottle Creek
1698:Lake Jackson
1580:Pisgah phase
1510:Little Egypt
1460:Garden Creek
1445:Dallas phase
1332:Tipton phase
1310:Nodena phase
1207:Mound Bottom
1192:Fewkes Group
1177:Brick Church
1079:Angel Mounds
945:Kuhn Station
940:John Chapman
781:
753:. Retrieved
743:
731:. Retrieved
727:
717:
705:. Retrieved
681:. Retrieved
657:. Retrieved
628:. Retrieved
624:
614:
602:. Retrieved
578:. Retrieved
574:
565:
548:
519:
512:
500:. Retrieved
496:the original
491:
464:
422:
399:
391:
382:
376:
336:
328:
311:
305:
284:
272:Monk's Mound
259:
223:
215:
213:
151:31°38′9.98″N
132:Nearest city
22:
4024:Other areas
3984:Puerto Rico
3818:Mississippi
3733:Connecticut
3559:Thunderbird
3427:Black drink
3391:Peñon woman
3328:Winterville
3308:Velda Mound
3288:Taos Pueblo
3183:Parkin Park
3168:Orwell site
3153:Nodena site
3048:Holly Bluff
3023:Four Mounds
3013:Fort Center
2938:Casa Grande
2888:Anzick site
2780:Monongahela
2707:Fort Walton
2682:Coles Creek
2647:Belle Glade
2632:Anishinaabe
2472:Thunderbird
2398:Black drink
2250:Emmons mask
2194:Chenopodium
2182:Agriculture
2104:Plum Island
2059:Hotel Plaza
1908:Winterville
1888:Scott Place
1826:Holly Bluff
1746:Fort Walton
1500:Lamar phase
1354:Walls phase
1250:Belle Meade
1243:Mississippi
1187:Dunbar Cave
1089:Annis Mound
1084:Angel phase
1058:Ware Mounds
1053:Twin Mounds
903:Ramey state
888:Monks Mound
733:January 25,
707:February 2,
683:February 2,
659:October 26,
630:January 25,
619:Cox, Dale.
604:February 2,
580:December 4,
502:October 20,
248:Mississippi
166: /
142:Coordinates
4114:Categories
3933:Washington
3853:New Mexico
3848:New Jersey
3723:California
3504:Metallurgy
3464:Eden point
3361:Buhl Woman
3233:Rock Eagle
3223:River Styx
3148:Mummy Cave
3143:Moundville
3123:Mesa Verde
3108:Marksville
2855:Tchefuncte
2815:Plaquemine
2751:Las Palmas
2667:Calf Creek
2662:Cades Pond
2209:Marshelder
2094:Oak Forest
2064:Hoxie Farm
1878:Pocahontas
1771:Plaquemine
1708:Letchworth
1640:Town Creek
1575:Park Mound
1540:Moundville
1525:Mandeville
1515:Long Swamp
1475:Jere Shine
1327:Quigualtam
1275:Chucalissa
1162:Backusburg
1155:Cumberland
1144:Yankeetown
1129:Slack Farm
1104:Ellerbusch
1008:Adams site
915:Cloverdale
444:References
379:Selsertown
332:earthworks
3943:Wisconsin
3908:Tennessee
3813:Minnesota
3788:Louisiana
3549:Stickball
3238:Rock Hawk
3068:Key Marco
2860:Troyville
2840:St. Johns
2825:Red Ocher
2584:Formative
2338:Muskogean
2311:Languages
2224:Sunflower
2084:Mero site
2019:Blood Run
1673:Apalachee
1620:Summerour
1560:Nacoochee
1317:Owl Creek
1212:Riverview
1202:Link Farm
1094:Bone Bank
1048:Turk Site
1043:Towosahgy
908:Woodhenge
308:type site
256:type site
220:22 AD 504
4099:Category
3928:Virginia
3878:Oklahoma
3858:New York
3833:Nebraska
3823:Missouri
3808:Michigan
3798:Maryland
3783:Kentucky
3763:Illinois
3738:Delaware
3728:Colorado
3718:Arkansas
3437:Chanunpa
3422:Ballgame
3401:Vero man
3351:Anzick-1
3323:Windover
3283:SunWatch
3213:Rassawek
3033:Glenwood
2923:Brewster
2775:Mogollon
2746:La Jolla
2732:Hopewell
2692:Deptford
2605:cultures
2445:Red Horn
2413:Chanunpa
2391:Northern
2379:Religion
2360:Timucuan
2328:Cherokee
2114:Schwerdt
2074:Juntunen
2049:Griesmer
1992:cultures
1945:Bluffton
1831:Jaketown
1796:Fitzhugh
1650:Wilbanks
1630:Tomotley
1605:Savannah
1570:Ocmulgee
1550:Mulberry
1485:Joe Bell
1405:Biltmore
1400:Bessemer
1265:Campbell
1227:Old Town
1033:Orr-Herl
970:Orendorf
965:Mitchell
898:Mound 72
893:Mound 34
878:Big Eddy
755:July 13,
546:(1974).
408:See also
346:diseases
310:for the
280:Illinois
258:for the
186:88002618
4120:Natchez
4045:Related
3948:Wyoming
3923:Vermont
3828:Montana
3768:Indiana
3748:Georgia
3743:Florida
3713:Arizona
3703:Alabama
3586:Related
3444:Chunkey
3344:remains
3333:Wupatki
3173:Paquime
3063:Huápoca
2928:Cahokia
2898:Bastian
2805:Patayan
2727:Hohokam
2712:Fremont
2687:ComondĂş
2642:Baytown
2637:Avonlea
2617:Alachua
2589:Classic
2579:Archaic
2567:Periods
2420:Chunkey
2365:Tunican
2343:Natchez
2318:Caddoan
2292:Pottery
2243:Artwork
2234:Tobacco
2214:Pumpkin
2175:Culture
2029:Fifield
1960:Gahagan
1935:Belcher
1920:Caddoan
1903:Venable
1866:Natchez
1851:Mazique
1806:Fosters
1801:Flowery
1791:Emerald
1668:Anhaica
1625:Taskigi
1590:Rembert
1565:Nikwasi
1530:McMahan
1505:Liddell
1380:Adamson
1290:Janet's
1280:Denmark
1255:Boone's
1217:Sellars
1124:Prather
883:Cahokia
873:Aztalan
575:nps.gov
394:erosion
350:de Soto
342:Natchez
314:of the
276:Cahokia
244:Stanton
228:, is a
3883:Oregon
3838:Nevada
3778:Kansas
3753:Hawaii
3708:Alaska
3644:Topics
3003:Folsom
2968:Cutler
2903:Benson
2790:Oneota
2722:Glades
2697:Folsom
2677:Clovis
2574:Lithic
2355:Siouan
2348:Taensa
2219:Squash
2142:Clover
2001:Oneota
1975:Keller
1965:Hughes
1930:Battle
1871:Taensa
1856:Medora
1846:Mangum
1841:Julice
1836:Jordan
1683:Cayson
1615:Sixtoe
1610:Shiloh
1520:Mabila
1455:Etowah
1435:Citico
1425:Chiaha
1420:Chauga
1337:Tunica
1322:Parkin
1305:Nodena
1300:Murphy
1270:Carson
1119:Murphy
975:Sleeth
960:McCune
950:Larson
853:Middle
4015:Palau
3913:Texas
3793:Maine
3758:Idaho
3534:Piasa
3342:Human
2973:Eaker
2876:sites
2810:Plano
2612:Adena
2370:Yuchi
2204:Maize
2189:Beans
2147:Dodge
2099:Palos
2069:Huber
2009:Anker
1980:Spiro
1950:Caddo
1883:Routh
1816:Glass
1811:Ghost
1713:Velda
1635:Toqua
1495:Lamar
1480:Joara
1470:Irene
1440:Coosa
1430:Chota
1410:Blair
1385:Avery
1347:Yazoo
1342:Koroa
1285:Eaker
1222:Obion
980:Starr
553:(PDF)
242:near
3969:Guam
3918:Utah
3873:Ohio
3773:Iowa
3494:Kiva
1893:Sims
1861:Mott
1781:Anna
1490:King
1450:Dyar
1260:Boyd
1134:Tolu
757:2021
735:2018
709:2009
685:2009
661:2011
632:2018
606:2009
582:2020
504:2007
214:The
2998:Eva
1718:Yon
274:at
181:No.
4116::
726:.
693:^
669:^
640:^
623:.
590:^
573:.
533:^
490:.
479:^
469:.
463:.
452:^
421:-
404:.
282:.
278:,
250:,
246:,
3699::
3629:e
3622:t
3615:v
2546:e
2539:t
2532:v
813:e
806:t
799:v
759:.
737:.
711:.
687:.
663:.
634:.
608:.
584:.
559:.
506:.
218:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
